The Joe Rogan Experience - November 15, 2018


Joe Rogan Experience #1203 - Eric Weinstein


Episode Stats

Length

3 hours and 51 minutes

Words per Minute

169.42117

Word Count

39,221

Sentence Count

3,434

Misogynist Sentences

101

Hate Speech Sentences

69


Summary

In this episode of the podcast, we talk about disagreeable people and how to deal with them. We also talk about the power of virtue signaling and how it affects our ability to make sense of the world around us. This episode was produced and edited by Alex Blumberg and Sarah Abdurrahmanova. Our theme song is Come Alone by Suneaters, courtesy of Lotuspool Records. Music by PSOVOD and tyops. Art: Mackenzie Moore Music: Hayden Coplen Editor: Will Witwer Editing: Ben Kuklinski Theme Song: Ian Dorsch Our ad music is by Haley Shaw Logo by Kaitlyn Ward We are part of the Robots Radio Podcast Network. See all the great network shows at RobotsRadio.net. Episode Music: "Space Travel" by Borrtex "Goodbye Outer Space" by Cairo Braga "Outer Space Warning" by Fountains of Wayne "Good Morning America" by The Weatherfords (feat. Jeff Perla) Thank you for listening to Robots Radio and Good Morning America. We look forward to seeing you in the next episode of Robots Radio, coming soon. - The Good Morning Radio Network, Good Morning Nation, Bad Morning Nation. May 29th, 2019. July 28th, 2020. Thanks for listening and Good Luck, Good Luck! - Good Luck Out There! - Cheers, Cheers! - The Best Fiends by The Good Life, Cheers and Cheers. -- Cheers from the Good Luck and Good Blessings -- Don't Tell Us About Something Good Morning, by , Cheers & Good Luck & Good Life! -- Yours Truly, "Bye, Timestaff, -- The GoodLife, - . by P. ( ) Tom Bells, Thank You, Sarah, Sarah, , Sarah & Dan, Jack, ? Michael, Jr., @ ~ & Love, & Joe, . . Thanks, Joe, Sriram, etc., , & , etc. ( ) . & John, Sr. & Mike, Sr., etc.


Transcript

00:00:00.000 And we're live.
00:00:01.000 Are you going to update the people out there?
00:00:05.000 No.
00:00:05.000 Oh, you shut your phone off?
00:00:06.000 Yeah.
00:00:06.000 Oh, you're a professional.
00:00:07.000 How are you, sir?
00:00:08.000 Good to see you.
00:00:09.000 I'm doing well.
00:00:09.000 What's going on?
00:00:11.000 Everything.
00:00:11.000 It's all pretty weird out there.
00:00:13.000 It is very weird out there.
00:00:14.000 We were just talking about how weird it is out there before the podcast about how it just seems like it's very difficult to keep together during these times and to keep a reasonable position and to handle all of the pressure of all the people that get upset at anything you do,
00:00:32.000 left or right, in the middle, centrist, you're too centrist, you're too left, you're too right, you're unreasonable, you're too reasonable, you're too nice, you're not nice enough.
00:00:41.000 Wow.
00:00:42.000 Suddenly I feel like I'm in a marriage.
00:00:45.000 Doesn't it seem like that, though?
00:00:47.000 Yeah, it does.
00:00:47.000 I think that this is the era for disagreeability.
00:00:51.000 If you're not easily swayed because you're somehow insensitive enough that you just want to keep to first principles, whatever it is that you believe, that seems to be the best hedge against getting swept up in the madness of others.
00:01:06.000 How so?
00:01:09.000 I guess when I go metacognitive, I look at my yearning for group belonging.
00:01:15.000 And then I also watch my inability to belong to groups that say crazy things.
00:01:19.000 And so those are two conflicting feelings.
00:01:22.000 I think sometimes when people look at me, they say, wow, you're really contrarian and you have an easy time standing up to the conventional wisdom.
00:01:29.000 And I don't think it's that true.
00:01:31.000 I just think...
00:01:32.000 I think?
00:01:47.000 I would say it's much harder to sway me because the number of things I would have to move cognitively to accommodate a wrong idea is quite large.
00:01:57.000 It seems unnecessary, but it also seems like we should be able to disagree on things and you should be able to point out with reasonable courtesy that there's something wrong with someone's idea and it not become a big personal thing.
00:02:13.000 But oftentimes that's not the case.
00:02:15.000 Well...
00:02:17.000 So a lot of the things I think that we're exploring are what I would think of as heuristics.
00:02:21.000 They're sort of rules of thumb that work fairly well within some domain of definition.
00:02:26.000 And we've gotten so many of these conflicting rules.
00:02:30.000 I mean, the rules of thumb themselves conflict.
00:02:32.000 So, for example, he who hesitates is lost, conflicts with nothing ventured, nothing gained, or something like that.
00:02:41.000 Sorry, no.
00:02:43.000 It's...
00:02:45.000 Well, I forget.
00:02:46.000 There's the cautionary aphorism and then there's the be bold aphorism.
00:02:52.000 And so we don't have a good way of sorting out conflicts that occur at the heuristic level.
00:02:58.000 Then you also have heuristics meant for social cohesion conflicting with ground truths.
00:03:04.000 So this is why biology is always controversial.
00:03:07.000 Yeah.
00:03:22.000 Well, it also tries to explain your feelings, too.
00:03:41.000 Yeah, I have a very minimal understanding of biology, but in that understanding, I've come to accept some things just about being a person that I never considered before.
00:03:52.000 Such as?
00:03:52.000 All the different things that are running your decision-making.
00:03:56.000 Just what we're talking about, the need to be in a group, and all these are probably evolutionary advantages to fostering tribal behavior so you can all work together and feed each other.
00:04:09.000 This is always pulling at you.
00:04:12.000 When people give people a hard time about virtue signaling, it is kind of gross when someone virtue signals.
00:04:18.000 But we understand what it is.
00:04:20.000 It's gross because we've all done it.
00:04:22.000 That's one of the gross things about it.
00:04:24.000 When someone is just really trying hard.
00:04:27.000 We're good to go.
00:04:32.000 We're good to go.
00:04:44.000 Or the part of them that's speaking is the part that's above that behavior, but that's not the part that's going to be operative after 11 on a weekend at a bar.
00:04:52.000 Yeah, three shots in, all bets are off, the wheels are off the wagon.
00:04:56.000 So I think we don't see ourselves.
00:04:58.000 We are permanently in our own blind spot because the part of us that is just and righteous and good seems to know very little about the other part.
00:05:08.000 It's also this thing, this need to belong and need to be accepted.
00:05:12.000 Like, we work to be accepted instead of work to be someone that you would want to be a part of the group.
00:05:20.000 Instead of being, like, really honest about who you are and how you think and how you behave and how you operate in the world, instead of doing that and trying to prove upon that, you try to project an image of this.
00:05:32.000 Here's a question for us.
00:05:34.000 Why is vice signaling so much more powerful than virtue signaling?
00:05:38.000 Vice signaling like a person who admits their problems, like an alcoholic who steps up and says, I've got a real issue?
00:05:43.000 Could be that way, or it could be sort of Dan Bilzerian type vice signaling.
00:05:47.000 Like, you want to know what I'm into?
00:05:49.000 I'm into hot chicks, weed, and guns, and making tons of money and showing it off.
00:05:54.000 Well, he's super honest.
00:05:56.000 That's one of the reasons.
00:05:57.000 And he's bulletproof in that regard.
00:05:59.000 Like, you can't fuck with him.
00:06:00.000 Like, you can't say, hey, look at you.
00:06:02.000 You're just a playboy.
00:06:03.000 He'd be like, yep.
00:06:05.000 Yeah, I like girls.
00:06:06.000 Yeah, it works.
00:06:06.000 Yeah, what else?
00:06:09.000 I'm nice.
00:06:10.000 He's a nice guy.
00:06:11.000 Talk to Dan Bilzerian.
00:06:12.000 He's friendly.
00:06:13.000 He's not a bad guy.
00:06:14.000 No, I mean, he had this post, which was, he was, I think, offering a hand to a woman up a stair, and it said, come with me, I'll ruin your life, but it'll be fun.
00:06:22.000 You know, it was just like, it's so disarming.
00:06:26.000 And I think that this is also partially, you know, a secret to your success, which is that you're a nice guy.
00:06:32.000 You're really into fighting.
00:06:34.000 You know, you hunt elk.
00:06:36.000 You're clear about which ones you're going to...
00:06:40.000 I think we're good to go.
00:07:03.000 I think I brought this up recently on Twitter about meta-honesty where there was – in the Castro in San Francisco, there was a bar, a restaurant that was advertising – I think that in this world
00:07:33.000 of virtue signaling, vice signaling is really the growth industry.
00:07:37.000 And that's what's working for good people because they are more in touch and You know, they are going to lie to you, and they're going to do all the self-interested things, but they're not going to surprise you quite as much.
00:07:50.000 Well, in the case of Dan Bilzerian, I really don't think he's going to lie to you.
00:07:53.000 I don't think that's what he's doing.
00:07:54.000 I think what he's doing is living like a guy who's got $100 million and happens to be 35 years old and likes to bang hot chicks and fly around in private jets and live in some...
00:08:05.000 Have you seen that fucking house that he's got?
00:08:07.000 He just bought some crazy house in, like, Bel Air, I guess with that weed money.
00:08:12.000 Jesus!
00:08:13.000 It looks like you probably cost a hundred million dollars or something ridiculous like that.
00:08:16.000 It's a fucking insane house.
00:08:18.000 But that's what he likes.
00:08:19.000 Yeah.
00:08:20.000 You know, the guy likes to drive around Ferraris, but he's a nice guy.
00:08:25.000 So it's like, well, what's wrong with this picture?
00:08:28.000 What's wrong with this picture is he's doing things...
00:08:30.000 Look at this.
00:08:31.000 This is his house.
00:08:32.000 What in the...
00:08:33.000 Holy fuck is that?
00:08:35.000 Does he have a golf course on his roof?
00:08:36.000 What is that?
00:08:38.000 This is a fucking ridiculous house.
00:08:39.000 Look at this fucking place.
00:08:40.000 He gives his address out?
00:08:42.000 Is that his address?
00:08:43.000 It's pretty hard to hide that thing.
00:08:45.000 Why the fuck would he give us a dress out?
00:08:47.000 I don't think you can get there.
00:08:48.000 It's in Bel Air.
00:08:49.000 Whoa, look at this house.
00:08:50.000 It's preposterous.
00:08:52.000 Anyway, this is what he likes.
00:08:53.000 But why is that bad?
00:08:55.000 I mean, look, we only have 100 years if everything goes perfect.
00:08:58.000 I know.
00:08:58.000 What do you give a shit?
00:08:59.000 Like, why does everybody give a shit?
00:09:00.000 But they do give a shit.
00:09:01.000 They give a shit a lot.
00:09:02.000 Because for a lot of folks that are working, you know, making a good living, making, you know, 50 grand a year or whatever, that's...
00:09:08.000 I think?
00:09:32.000 And jujitsu life is that when you have a relationship with the unforgiving, you can say, you know, that guy doesn't really know what he's doing, but then you're in the ring.
00:09:40.000 You know, you're the man in the arena.
00:09:41.000 And you find out very quickly whether or not the trash talking, you know, paid off or it didn't.
00:09:47.000 And I think that many people have no relationship with the unforgiving.
00:09:51.000 Like, you'll take them out on a hike into, you know, let's say, the Trinity Wilderness, and then two hours in, they'll just sit down and say, I want to go home.
00:10:00.000 And you're thinking, like, Okay?
00:10:02.000 You're signaling something, but there's no car service, and we're not calling a helicopter.
00:10:08.000 If you live in the social layer, you're surprised by the existence of the unforgiving.
00:10:15.000 Well, on one hand, I want to support people's ability to do whatever the fuck they want.
00:10:23.000 On one hand, I want to support someone's ability to sit in front of a computer and...
00:10:28.000 Whether you're working, or you're writing code, or you're writing a script, or you're just fucking playing video games.
00:10:34.000 I want to support your ability to do whatever you want to do.
00:10:37.000 If you have the means, if your family's not starving, this is what you enjoy doing, why do I care?
00:10:44.000 But as a person who's experienced a fair amount of adversity, especially self-imposed adversity, I would tell you that you would benefit from it.
00:10:55.000 I've benefited from it, and I think you'd benefit from it too.
00:10:58.000 You don't want to be that guy that two hours into the hike says, I want to go home.
00:11:01.000 You don't want to be that guy.
00:11:02.000 You want to be that person who just says, well, this is what we're doing.
00:11:06.000 And I'm going to figure out how to do this, and I'm going to show character, and I'm going to be proud of myself at the end of this.
00:11:12.000 I mean, I might have to walk for six hours, and when it's all over, my legs might be shaky, and I might have to sit down, but that Gatorade's going to taste so good.
00:11:20.000 It's going to be like the greatest Gatorade of all time, because you're going to drink it, and you'll be like, I'll earn the shit out of this.
00:11:26.000 You're going to feel it.
00:11:27.000 And I think...
00:11:28.000 We learn about ourselves through especially self, well, any kind of adversity.
00:11:33.000 Look, I'm coming off of being evacuated from the fires, which was, for me, not that difficult.
00:11:40.000 I'm not poor.
00:11:41.000 I got a hotel.
00:11:41.000 I brought my family to the hotel.
00:11:43.000 We got safe.
00:11:44.000 Got my dog to the to the podcast studio and everybody's all right, you know But for those firefighters, I mean 12-hour shifts battling the blaze for people who lost their homes some of them tried to save it There was a story about a guy in Malibu that climbed on top of his roof with a hose and tried to fight off the fire and he got severe burns and he's in the hospital and I mean it's raining ash and and and and these chunks of No
00:12:18.000 question.
00:12:20.000 We've been in something of a reality drought.
00:12:22.000 The number of people who have Very little relationship to reality.
00:12:28.000 I mean, you know, I used to live in Cambridge, Massachusetts, and you'd come in from Boston and there would be the signs that fresh-killed chicken.
00:12:36.000 Like, no bones about it, man.
00:12:38.000 Fresh-killed chicken.
00:12:39.000 But, like, Chicken McNuggets?
00:12:43.000 I think we've gotten very divorced.
00:13:02.000 In the Bay Area, it gets real after having been unreal for a very long time.
00:13:09.000 Yeah.
00:13:10.000 It's unavoidable.
00:13:11.000 It makes you buck up.
00:13:13.000 You've got to get out of there.
00:13:15.000 We got evacuated Thursday at 2.30 in the morning.
00:13:17.000 We were looking up.
00:13:18.000 We were like, we've got to get the fuck out of here.
00:13:20.000 I don't give a shit what you leave behind.
00:13:22.000 Just go.
00:13:23.000 Keep your body and go.
00:13:25.000 Everything else, it's either replaceable or you don't really need it that much anyway.
00:13:28.000 Just fucking get out of there.
00:13:30.000 And when you see that fire raging over those hills and helicopters are dropping water on it and then another house explodes because the gas line gets hit.
00:13:38.000 I saw that.
00:13:40.000 You see that.
00:13:40.000 You go, oh, there's not enough people in the world to save you.
00:13:44.000 There's not enough fucking firefighters or cops.
00:13:46.000 There's too many houses.
00:13:47.000 There's too many people.
00:13:48.000 And a bunch of these houses are going to go.
00:13:50.000 You've got to get the fuck out of there.
00:13:52.000 But there's a certain...
00:13:55.000 I was with a bunch of my friends from my neighborhood and my friend Tom Segura and his wife.
00:14:01.000 We all stayed at the same hotel.
00:14:02.000 There was like a tangible sense of community.
00:14:07.000 I love this point.
00:14:09.000 Let's imagine you go for a wedding and they house you with your third cousins, people you barely know.
00:14:15.000 If you're lucky enough that the sewage system breaks and stuff is leaking out of the ceiling and you guys all have to do heroic crazy stuff to save the house, you're going to be closer to your third cousin than you are to your uncle.
00:14:27.000 And this is this very strange feature of the world that kind of a random arrival of diversity is very often what bonds you to some particular human being.
00:14:39.000 And if you avoid adversity in groups your whole life, You probably don't realize that you're never fully activated as a human being.
00:14:51.000 Particularly if men, I think, don't form groups that in some sense fight or battle or contest together.
00:15:00.000 So there's this very weird fact that apparently humans are the only species that organize contests in teams.
00:15:09.000 This is an intrinsic feature of being human.
00:15:13.000 Contests.
00:15:14.000 Yeah.
00:15:14.000 Do other animals have any contests?
00:15:16.000 Well, chimps will have these incredible raiding parties.
00:15:22.000 They're very methodical and they'll attack somebody else.
00:15:25.000 But I don't think that they practice it.
00:15:27.000 It's like, okay, you're red team chimp and you're blue team chimp.
00:15:30.000 Well, we're the only ones that do stuff like that that can communicate, right?
00:15:34.000 Like dolphins can communicate, but they don't do stuff like that.
00:15:37.000 Right, or you have individual sparring, like you'll have two bears learning to play with each other because it's safer to play with your brother in childhood than it is to just suddenly show up against some big-ass bear and have to compete for females.
00:15:51.000 I had William von Hippel on a couple days ago, and he's the author of The Social Leap.
00:15:56.000 And we were actually talking about this, about one of the things that made human beings successful as we came down from the trees and started walking around the grasslands is our ability to organize and to work and coordinate together.
00:16:10.000 Yeah.
00:16:11.000 Well, you know, but like African wild dogs are fairly good at this.
00:16:18.000 And you watch what they do in their spare time.
00:16:19.000 Very often, they just take the piss out of each other.
00:16:21.000 So they actually come to each other's aid at a very high level in times of need.
00:16:28.000 But like, you know, when you're just hanging out around the firehouse, you're really just giving each other shit all the time.
00:16:33.000 And so there's something about the way in which we play being kind of divergent from the way in which we behave when we actually just need each other.
00:16:43.000 And it's like you need to be on that line, you know, let's say, you know, throwing burlap bags and I just need you to do that thing and we're both facing something together.
00:16:54.000 It doesn't have to be fighting in a militaristic situation, but I do think that – This is one of the weird things that's going on with all of this emphasis on care and feelings, is that often men need to give each other shit in order to form very deep bonds.
00:17:12.000 If I can't tease you, and if I don't know where the line is, like there is this line, which is like, dude, that was way too far.
00:17:20.000 We all know that those lines exist, and we sometimes have to go up to them, and sometimes we have to experiment by going over them.
00:17:26.000 But if somebody says, I don't like the way you're talking, that seems very insensitive.
00:17:30.000 My response is, well, you're going to keep me from forming a deep bond with that person.
00:17:34.000 You just don't know that that's how we do it.
00:17:36.000 Yeah, they're shielding.
00:17:38.000 They're putting up their shield.
00:17:40.000 Right.
00:17:40.000 And often is, you know, to project a certain image to you.
00:17:45.000 They want to be taken seriously.
00:17:48.000 They want some respect.
00:17:49.000 They can't deal with you goofing on them.
00:17:52.000 That's true, and goofing can go wrong.
00:17:54.000 But I think that...
00:17:56.000 Thank you.
00:18:04.000 Thank you.
00:18:20.000 Yeah.
00:18:41.000 You know, the fear of the hazing ritual gone wrong may actually stop people from ever actually making the really deep bonds to last a lifetime.
00:18:50.000 Well, isn't it like everything else?
00:18:51.000 Some people are good at things and some people suck at it.
00:18:55.000 So some people are good at being silly with their friends and some people go too far.
00:18:59.000 I mean, you experience that.
00:19:01.000 Like, I've had friends who experience that where they do a podcast and on the podcast they fuck with each other.
00:19:17.000 Right.
00:19:26.000 Yeah, it's like they're just not good at it.
00:19:29.000 And oftentimes that's some sort of a sign of social intelligence, a lack of social intelligence, a lack of, I mean, who knows what's going on in their home.
00:19:38.000 It might just be bad information from parents and they're growing up in this environment of just very low-level social skills.
00:19:47.000 And now what we're doing is, I mean, I think that you're spot on.
00:19:52.000 We're now going to try to readjust everyone around our weakest players.
00:19:58.000 So now the idea is that because that can be said in a horrible way, we're not going to let anyone say anything remotely adjacent to it.
00:20:06.000 You can't do anything that would be a precursor to it.
00:20:09.000 So you're just going to say, well, you see that little patch of bad cells over there?
00:20:12.000 We're going to cut off your leg in order to stop that cancer.
00:20:16.000 It's just like, couldn't we do something a little bit more surgical?
00:20:19.000 Well, and also, there's some things that you're...
00:20:22.000 There's a reason why we have this instinct to mock things.
00:20:25.000 Yeah.
00:20:25.000 It's because people get out of line, and then they demand too much goddamn attention, and they become a problem.
00:20:31.000 And this is a...
00:20:32.000 I think...
00:20:32.000 I believe this goes back to hunting parties and hunter-gatherers, where the one person who just wanted too much attention, like, you're fucking it up for this group effort.
00:20:40.000 And that's kind of what happens socially when people claim these very ridiculous victim statuses.
00:20:46.000 Right.
00:20:47.000 You know, and there's a picture that I put up on my Instagram a couple weeks ago of this guy.
00:20:51.000 He had this crazy makeup on, and he had this ridiculous description of himself, like, non-binary queer that also identifies as a Muslim, and he was talking about quantum physics, and quantum physics helped him appreciate his queerness.
00:21:08.000 And I looked at that, I said, okay, maybe.
00:21:10.000 Or maybe you're just fucking crying out for attention.
00:21:13.000 And all I wrote was, makes sense, definitely doesn't seem crazy.
00:21:17.000 And people got mad at me for that, for something so obvious.
00:21:21.000 I looked, I just peered into the fucking deep dungeon that is the comment section for a moment.
00:21:25.000 And I saw people like, you would think that the people that are most susceptible to suicide, you would leave them alone.
00:21:31.000 But your cruelty is, you know, you're exposing your cruelty.
00:21:34.000 Like, listen, that's silly.
00:21:36.000 That guy needs better friends.
00:21:38.000 Your friends are gonna tell you, you're silly, you got crazy makeup.
00:21:42.000 Have you seen this guy?
00:21:43.000 No.
00:21:43.000 You have a photo?
00:21:43.000 Look at this.
00:21:45.000 British, Iraqi, gay, non-binary, and also identify as Muslim.
00:21:49.000 Listen, you need too much goddamn attention.
00:21:52.000 That's all I'm saying.
00:21:53.000 I'm not saying you're a bad person, you should kill yourself, you shouldn't be queer.
00:21:55.000 Be whatever you want to be.
00:21:57.000 But if you're going that hard, that hard to define yourself, that is needy as shit.
00:22:03.000 That's fucking annoying.
00:22:05.000 But your point is that you have to titrate the negative feedback.
00:22:08.000 Yes.
00:22:09.000 Right?
00:22:09.000 So what you did was you gave them a small dose and saying, look, You might want to course correct a little bit.
00:22:15.000 The idea that there's any course correction, that you're not sitting there celebrating this.
00:22:19.000 Right.
00:22:20.000 Well, that's...
00:22:21.000 That's the thing.
00:22:22.000 Yeah.
00:22:23.000 Yeah, you're supposed to celebrate it.
00:22:24.000 I'm supposed to celebrate so many things.
00:22:26.000 Yeah.
00:22:26.000 Well, you know what?
00:22:27.000 You can celebrate it.
00:22:29.000 That's okay.
00:22:29.000 But you shouldn't get mad if I go, oh, that might be a little nuts.
00:22:33.000 Because it's obviously a little nuts.
00:22:35.000 It's a little nuts to paint your face with glitter.
00:22:38.000 It's a little nuts.
00:22:39.000 It's a little nuts if that was just a regular person who's like, Hi, I work at JCPenney.
00:22:44.000 My name is Wendy and this is what I like to wear on my face.
00:22:48.000 Like, okay, Wendy's a crazy bitch.
00:22:50.000 Look at Wendy.
00:22:51.000 Go look at Wendy.
00:22:51.000 Look at her face.
00:22:52.000 What is she doing?
00:22:52.000 I don't know, man.
00:22:53.000 She's got fucking crazy glitter and her hair's 15 different colors.
00:22:58.000 Okay, but look at it this way.
00:23:00.000 I have this weird thing, which sometimes is called machilophobia.
00:23:04.000 The fear of cosmetics.
00:23:07.000 Really?
00:23:07.000 Oh, man.
00:23:09.000 What kind?
00:23:10.000 Eyeshadow?
00:23:11.000 Like smoky?
00:23:14.000 What about fake eyelashes?
00:23:15.000 Well, this is the thing.
00:23:16.000 Sometimes it looks somewhat normal, and then suddenly it doesn't integrate, and the person just looks like they've got crazy stuff stuck to their head.
00:23:24.000 And you're like, you've got crazy stuff stuck to your head!
00:23:26.000 Well, that's how I perceive it.
00:23:28.000 Now, here's the question.
00:23:30.000 I can't be in touch.
00:23:32.000 Like, it can't be, Eric's got a problem with makelophobia.
00:23:35.000 I've never heard that word.
00:23:37.000 It's freaking me out.
00:23:38.000 Makelophobia.
00:23:39.000 Yeah.
00:23:39.000 It has to be, Eric can't accept people who wear makeup.
00:23:43.000 And my question would be, from first principles, how do you tell who to have sympathy with?
00:23:47.000 Because this has been somewhat debilitating for me.
00:23:50.000 Really?
00:23:50.000 Yeah, sure.
00:23:51.000 So it's been a real issue.
00:23:52.000 Like, you've struggled with it.
00:23:54.000 Yeah.
00:23:54.000 Have you struggled with the feeling or struggled with the fact that you have the feeling?
00:23:58.000 Look, everybody actually experienced.
00:23:59.000 If you remember Tammy Faye Baker.
00:24:01.000 Yeah!
00:24:02.000 Right?
00:24:02.000 So she was famous for freaking people out because she had no concept of how much...
00:24:08.000 Makeup is too much.
00:24:09.000 Is too much.
00:24:10.000 Yeah.
00:24:10.000 Now, what if somebody looks normal and then you turn around and suddenly they're Tammy Faye Baker and you never can predict when that's going to happen.
00:24:18.000 So that's like...
00:24:19.000 An interesting question about, do we accept the person who...
00:24:23.000 I don't know why I have this, it's just that's something in my mind.
00:24:26.000 Well, because you're a logical person, and you're looking at this war paint that people are putting on, and you don't understand the desire to do this.
00:24:36.000 Well, I do understand.
00:24:36.000 You do, but you don't understand actually doing it.
00:24:39.000 I don't understand why it...
00:24:43.000 I have the feeling that to other people it looks very different than the way it looks to me.
00:24:47.000 Right.
00:24:48.000 Well, they've just accepted it.
00:24:49.000 Maybe.
00:24:50.000 Sometimes I accept it.
00:24:51.000 And then suddenly, you know, I shake it.
00:24:54.000 It's like you're shaken out of the movie.
00:24:55.000 Like you see a movie where suddenly the mic is visible from the top.
00:24:59.000 And you're like, whoa!
00:25:01.000 What's going on here?
00:25:02.000 It's a movie.
00:25:02.000 It's a movie.
00:25:03.000 And that...
00:25:05.000 But anyway, we all have these weird quirks.
00:25:08.000 The question is, with whom should we be sympathetic?
00:25:12.000 And with whom do we say, well, you're being judgmental?
00:25:16.000 With me, it's women's shoes that have gigantic heels, those stilettos that they could barely walk in.
00:25:22.000 That one freaks me out.
00:25:24.000 It freaks me out because I see women walking in and I'm like, this is so crazy that this is a choice.
00:25:30.000 I can't imagine, I'm paranoid I guess, maybe I've seen too much physical conflict.
00:25:35.000 I can't imagine wearing something that would physically compromise me to the point where I literally can't run away.
00:25:41.000 Right.
00:25:41.000 Because you can't run away in those things.
00:25:42.000 If you're in like stilettos, like these little things that you walk around in, and your feet are all smushed in, and you're basically doing tiptoes everywhere you go, and your feet have to be killing you by the end of the night, right?
00:25:53.000 Right.
00:25:53.000 You're not running away.
00:25:55.000 If there's a wolf chasing you or some shit, if there's something going down, you're not getting away.
00:26:00.000 It's a weird desire to lengthen your legs and to give this graceful appearance.
00:26:07.000 Well, it's called lardosis behavior.
00:26:09.000 Lardosis.
00:26:10.000 Lardosis behavior.
00:26:11.000 I'm learning so much today.
00:26:12.000 Okay, so high heels were originally developed for men.
00:26:16.000 To appear taller.
00:26:18.000 I'm not sure if it was to appear taller only or if it was for riding.
00:26:22.000 Oh, for horses.
00:26:23.000 Yeah, maybe.
00:26:24.000 For a lot of people who don't know, cowboy boots, the reason why they slip on like that is when the horse bucks and takes off, your boots fall off.
00:26:33.000 They're supposed to.
00:26:34.000 I didn't know that.
00:26:35.000 Yeah, that's the whole idea behind them.
00:26:36.000 The reason you slip on and slip off and they have that heel, where there's that wooden heel, that heel slips into the stirrups.
00:26:43.000 So when the horse bucks, you don't want to get dragged, son.
00:26:47.000 You wanted that shit to just fly off.
00:26:50.000 And then you're on your back going, oh, look at that horse go.
00:26:52.000 And then you go pick up your boots because they've fallen off.
00:26:55.000 And the fucking horse is gone, but at least you're alive.
00:26:57.000 Oh, that's that expression.
00:26:58.000 He died with his boots on.
00:27:00.000 Well, not really.
00:27:01.000 I think that's like a gunfight type deal.
00:27:03.000 But I think if you get dragged, horses are going to run over rocks and shit.
00:27:07.000 You're done.
00:27:08.000 People die all the time that are wearing regular shoes that shove their feet into stirrups and then you're stuck.
00:27:14.000 That's why cowboy boots come off like that.
00:27:17.000 Yeah, I remember when I used to ride horses, we'd have the guy leading the trail would take us up to a gallop and suddenly say, emergency dismount!
00:27:24.000 It was really terrifying.
00:27:25.000 Yeah, and you'd have to do it at speed very, very quickly.
00:27:29.000 But I think that high heels got taken over by women.
00:27:34.000 Because a lot of the things that we claim that we like about heels, that is, I do it for height, I like the way it makes the leg look, probably secondary to the curvature of the back and the way in which that is typically associated with sexual receptivity.
00:27:54.000 So it's that particular posture.
00:27:57.000 That the heel connotes.
00:27:58.000 And so the way I read it is that the cost of the heel is part of the communication.
00:28:03.000 In other words, I'm willing to do something that is clearly not comfortable or for my benefit in any other way, so much so that you can tell that I must be interested in sending a signal.
00:28:14.000 100%.
00:28:14.000 Yeah.
00:28:14.000 Well, but you have to deny the signal, too.
00:28:17.000 So part of the signaling is to say, oh, these are actually my most comfortable shoes.
00:28:22.000 They always say that.
00:28:23.000 Girls are hilarious.
00:28:24.000 They're so comfortable.
00:28:26.000 These are so comfortable.
00:28:28.000 Right.
00:28:28.000 Like, how is that even possible?
00:28:30.000 Those aren't Crocs.
00:28:31.000 Yes, but the deception has to be part of...
00:28:35.000 Oh, now I'm like picturing Crocs with heels.
00:28:39.000 That was really weird.
00:28:41.000 Well, the deception has to be, you have to decide that you're not ridiculous.
00:28:47.000 No, it's a shared deception.
00:28:49.000 Yes.
00:28:50.000 Because then as the guy, I have to say, oh, that's so interesting.
00:28:53.000 Yeah, but that's a lie.
00:28:55.000 Well, we're all lying, but it's mutually understood as a lie.
00:28:57.000 Yeah, but when the girls are saying...
00:28:58.000 Girls could say, these are so comfortable because they're not killing them.
00:29:04.000 Because they've accepted a higher level of pain tolerance with footwear than men have.
00:29:10.000 Like, if I had to just jam my feet into something pointy, like some pointy-ass Spanish dancer-type shoes...
00:29:18.000 It would hurt.
00:29:18.000 After a while.
00:29:19.000 You ever wear a tie?
00:29:20.000 I've worn ties.
00:29:21.000 I hate those things.
00:29:22.000 Yeah.
00:29:23.000 Okay, so that's some kind of uncomfortable thing that we do to ourselves as men.
00:29:27.000 Yeah.
00:29:27.000 Well, I used to have to wear one when I drove limos.
00:29:29.000 I think, well, I've definitely worn one since then, but very rarely.
00:29:34.000 Very rarely.
00:29:34.000 Someone could kill you pretty easily with a tie.
00:29:36.000 Like, if someone has a tie on, and I grab ahold of their tie...
00:29:39.000 Yeah.
00:29:40.000 Boy, unless you're a lot bigger than me, I might kill you.
00:29:43.000 Got a hold of your tie?
00:29:44.000 Tie's a hard thing to shake loose.
00:29:46.000 It's really strong.
00:29:48.000 A good tie is not going to rip.
00:29:51.000 If someone gets a hold of your tie at the knot and just twists and holds onto you, all they have to do is hold onto you.
00:29:57.000 Grab an arm and just wrap their legs around you and hold onto that tie?
00:30:01.000 You're a dead man.
00:30:03.000 You're giving them a weapon to kill you all the time.
00:30:06.000 Alright, you've convinced me.
00:30:07.000 No more ties.
00:30:09.000 Grab that and just fucking twist.
00:30:12.000 You don't have much time, man.
00:30:14.000 You don't have much time to get this arm off your neck.
00:30:16.000 This is such a UFC spin.
00:30:18.000 It's a jiu-jitsu spin.
00:30:19.000 Because UFC, you don't wear clothes.
00:30:21.000 To be able to grab a hold of someone's clothing, like a person with a leather jacket.
00:30:27.000 If you're talking shit and you have a leather jacket on and you're with a guy who knows judo, you are beyond fucked.
00:30:33.000 This guy might as well have cannons coming out of his body.
00:30:37.000 You're doomed.
00:30:38.000 You're 100% doomed.
00:30:39.000 He's going to grab that leather jacket and he basically has handles and he's going to throw you up in the air and he's going to hit you with the world.
00:30:46.000 The whole world is below.
00:30:48.000 And he's going to drive you into the world.
00:30:51.000 And you're so fucked.
00:30:52.000 And you don't even realize it.
00:30:55.000 Joe, how often do you end up in fistfights?
00:30:57.000 Never.
00:30:59.000 Never, man.
00:31:00.000 I don't want to have nothing to do with that.
00:31:02.000 I just get away.
00:31:03.000 I would never want to get in a fistfight.
00:31:05.000 Fistfights are dangerous.
00:31:06.000 This is fascinating to me about the world here.
00:31:09.000 It's always talking about fighting and what can happen.
00:31:11.000 And in our world, there's almost none of this in...
00:31:16.000 You know, relatively boring white guy, middle-aged...
00:31:20.000 You ever go on World Star Hip Hop?
00:31:21.000 That shit's all day.
00:31:23.000 Every day.
00:31:23.000 There's plenty of videos.
00:31:25.000 Most of the time, nothing happens.
00:31:29.000 Right.
00:31:29.000 But the one time when shit does happen, if you don't know how to defend yourself, you're really fucked.
00:31:36.000 This is true.
00:31:37.000 But the thing is that in all the practicing that you do, you're also exposing yourself to the potential for injury.
00:31:43.000 Oh, yeah!
00:31:44.000 So there's a question as to whether you're safer if you spend all of your time in this kind of, well, what if something happens, I want to be prepared, but the preparation for it is itself potentially fairly hazardous.
00:31:57.000 That's unquestionable, but isn't that just like the guy who sits on the couch and never goes into the woods because he doesn't want to get tired?
00:32:02.000 I know.
00:32:02.000 It's very similar because, like, here we are, I'm 51 years old, and it all works!
00:32:07.000 Ta-da!
00:32:08.000 So even though I've been injured...
00:32:10.000 I'm right here.
00:32:12.000 Everything works.
00:32:13.000 I got a bunch of shit fixed.
00:32:15.000 What if the UFC thing was bold and interesting when you were a young guy?
00:32:19.000 Do you think you would have...
00:32:20.000 I would have 100% done it, and I probably would have a much harder time having this conversation.
00:32:24.000 That's right.
00:32:25.000 Yeah, for sure.
00:32:26.000 Yeah.
00:32:28.000 So I think you hit the sweet spot where you got the skills, you've been in a training idiom, you really know what you're talking about, and you're getting front row seats but not actually having to have your brain particularly take the pounding.
00:32:40.000 There's no getting away from that.
00:32:42.000 That is the unfortunate reality that every fighter accepts.
00:32:45.000 There's no getting away from that.
00:32:46.000 There's an absolute possibility, and it's not just your head, it's also your joints.
00:32:53.000 The big part is your back and your neck.
00:32:55.000 I know many guys that have neck impingements and disc herniations and fused neck discs and then nerve pinchs.
00:33:03.000 Where their nerves are impinged to the point where they have atrophy in their arms.
00:33:08.000 I know several guys who have that, where they have one arm that's smaller than the other arm, and it severely impedes their ability to move, and they used to be world champions.
00:33:17.000 Two guys that have been on the show, Bas Root and Pat Miletic, two of the greatest of all time.
00:33:21.000 Both guys have one small arm and one regular-size arm because of neck impingements.
00:33:27.000 Their nerves are literally pinched down by all the swelling and scar tissue and damaged discs.
00:33:33.000 Yeah.
00:33:34.000 Well, since we became friends, I started just casually looking at this world, and it's utterly fascinating.
00:33:40.000 I mean, there's nothing like it.
00:33:43.000 Well, the jujitsu world, I think you would – there's two different worlds, right?
00:33:48.000 There's the MMA world, which incorporates all the different martial arts, and then there's the jujitsu world.
00:33:53.000 And the jiu-jitsu world, I think, you would find...
00:33:56.000 Would geek out.
00:33:56.000 Yes.
00:33:57.000 You would love it.
00:33:58.000 Because it's basically...
00:33:59.000 To call it chess is not quite fair.
00:34:02.000 Right.
00:34:03.000 Because it's more complex than chess.
00:34:05.000 There's much more going on.
00:34:06.000 The degrees of freedom are so high.
00:34:07.000 But it's also easier to win if someone's better than chess.
00:34:10.000 Because even if someone is fairly competent in chess, it'll take a few moves to beat them.
00:34:14.000 And jiu-jitsu, if someone's fairly competent and the other one is a master, it'll probably crush you very quickly.
00:34:19.000 Yeah.
00:34:19.000 But when you watch two really high-level guys trying to set each other up, it's this crazy rolling exercise in leverage and position and the knowledge of moves.
00:34:31.000 That Eddie Bravo versus Hoyler Gracie.
00:34:35.000 It's hard to even know what's going on.
00:34:37.000 It's crazy if you don't know.
00:34:39.000 It's one of my more difficult challenges of being a commentator, is when the fight goes to the ground, explaining to people watching at home, what he wants to do right now is get his right leg over his arm, and as soon as he does that, now that arm is stuck.
00:34:52.000 He's in trouble right now.
00:34:54.000 And to try to explain that to people so they can follow along and go, oh, I see, I see.
00:34:58.000 And he's going to grab that, he's going to arch his back, and he tapped.
00:35:00.000 And people go, oh!
00:35:02.000 And it gets people really excited about jiu-jitsu because they see that and they go, oh, this is like really complicated.
00:35:07.000 Like he's got, there's like a dance he's doing and the other guy's trying to resist the dance.
00:35:11.000 Well, the first time I saw the Gracie breakdown of particular fights where they've committed to memory every move.
00:35:17.000 And it's like replaying the great games of like Morphe or Kapobanka and chess.
00:35:22.000 And you're just thinking, wow.
00:35:23.000 Okay, there's the evergreen game.
00:35:25.000 There's the immortal game.
00:35:26.000 And...
00:35:27.000 That to me is fascinating.
00:35:29.000 But it's actually more interesting to me in the UFC arena because of the fact that that's only a component.
00:35:38.000 What I didn't understand was how much we could get close to unrestricted fighting and still have people fairly dependably survive with...
00:35:49.000 Minimal, obvious disfigurement.
00:35:52.000 We could even be safer if we eliminated weight cutting.
00:35:56.000 The weight cutting is the number one health issue in the sport, in my opinion.
00:36:00.000 Number two is the brain damage and the impact and broken bones and things along those lines.
00:36:05.000 But the number one is weight cutting because it's so unnecessary.
00:36:08.000 It's such an issue that needs to be addressed because these guys want to compete at the highest weight possible.
00:36:14.000 Do you know how it works?
00:36:15.000 No.
00:36:16.000 Okay, say if you were going to compete in the 170-pound division, but you actually weighed 190, what you would do is you would follow a pretty strict diet, keep your body weight and your fat at a certain level, and then when it comes down to a few days before, you would dehydrate yourself pretty radically.
00:36:32.000 And then rehydrate yourself scientifically.
00:36:35.000 There's a bunch of guys like George Lockhart, guys who are experts in this, and they'll give you the exact right amount of nutrients, the right amount of potassium and zinc, and they want to replenish all of your electrolytes and get you in a perfect balance, but you're still compromised.
00:36:48.000 And if you don't have a guy like a George Lockhart or someone who's a real expert in nutrition and understands biology and can get you back into that position, you're most likely going to compete compromised, but you're going to accept that significant compromising because you're going to be a bigger person than the person you're fighting.
00:37:04.000 But in boxing in particular, the vast majority of deaths have occurred in the lighter weight divisions, and a lot of it is not just because of the head trauma, but because it's head trauma to someone who's dehydrated.
00:37:16.000 That's interesting.
00:37:17.000 Yeah, it's like, it sucks.
00:37:19.000 And it's contrary to what martial arts is supposed to be about.
00:37:22.000 Martial arts is supposed to be about skill for skill.
00:37:24.000 It's not supposed to be about cheating.
00:37:25.000 And the cheating thing is like, you're dehydrating yourself.
00:37:29.000 It's like sanctioned cheating.
00:37:30.000 You're saying you're 170 pounds.
00:37:33.000 Like if you say, the 170 pound champion!
00:37:36.000 And get on the scale.
00:37:37.000 He's 193. What the fuck's going on?
00:37:38.000 This isn't a 170-pound guy.
00:37:40.000 How frustrating if I want to meet you in a different class.
00:37:42.000 Like, I wanted to fight you my whole life, but we're really separated.
00:37:45.000 Well, you can lose weight the right way.
00:37:47.000 Look, if somebody wants to compete at 170 pounds, in my humble opinion, they should actually weigh 170 pounds.
00:37:53.000 My friend Cam Haynes is an ultramarathon runner, and one of the things that he does when he gets ready for ultramarathons is he loses body weight, but he doesn't have any body weight to lose.
00:38:03.000 So he'll burn 3,000 calories and eat 2,000 calories, and that's how he loses weight.
00:38:09.000 He lets his body eat itself.
00:38:26.000 Got it.
00:38:31.000 Right.
00:38:49.000 Terrible for your organs.
00:38:50.000 Your body starts to shut down when you do it too often.
00:38:53.000 Your body doesn't want to lose weight anymore, so it starts to really hold on to that water.
00:38:57.000 And guys fall asleep and pass out and bang their heads off walls and fights get canceled.
00:39:03.000 Like championship-level fights get canceled because guys black out and crack their head off the wall.
00:39:08.000 And this has happened in the UFC before.
00:39:11.000 It's just...
00:39:12.000 Super, super unnecessary and unfortunate.
00:39:15.000 And part of it is because there's not enough weight classes.
00:39:18.000 There's like, you know, there's 155 and then there's 170. The difference between 155 and 170 is not just 15 pounds.
00:39:26.000 Because if you actually weigh 155 and this guy's dropping down to 170, that motherfucker could be 190 plus.
00:39:33.000 And he's just figuring out a way to cut weight to get down to there.
00:39:36.000 And that happens all the time.
00:39:38.000 So you're dealing with, you know, it could be 25, 30 pounds difference between you two guys if you actually weigh what the weight class is when you get into the octagon.
00:39:47.000 So people are forced to drop weight.
00:39:49.000 They're forced to go lower.
00:39:50.000 If they want to compete at a world-class level, they're forced to take this extra risk.
00:39:55.000 And it could be mitigated.
00:39:57.000 It could all be stopped by hydration tests.
00:40:00.000 The UFC could step in.
00:40:02.000 All the athletic commissions could step in and say, enough is enough.
00:40:05.000 You're going to fight at what you weigh, and we're going to give you more weight classes so you can figure out what's the weight for you to be best at.
00:40:11.000 And I hope it doesn't take someone dying before they figure this out.
00:40:16.000 Because it's one of those things that people have done like...
00:40:19.000 Circumcision.
00:40:20.000 They've done it forever, so they just keep doing it.
00:40:22.000 But if they just started doing it tomorrow, people would be like, why did you cut that baby's dick?
00:40:26.000 Are you fucking crazy?
00:40:27.000 Well, I've always cut babies' dicks.
00:40:29.000 I've been cutting babies' dicks for years.
00:40:32.000 You need more of a Yiddish accent.
00:40:33.000 You get used to it.
00:40:34.000 Well, it's not just Yiddish.
00:40:35.000 I'm Catholic.
00:40:36.000 My dick got cut.
00:40:38.000 It's practiced across the board under the guise of being sanitary, prevention of AIDS. There's all these stupid reasons to cut dicks.
00:40:48.000 Really, it's just a tradition that doesn't make any goddamn sense.
00:40:51.000 Now, it's not the best analogy to weight cutting.
00:40:53.000 Before we get into cutting dicks, I do want to...
00:40:57.000 Pick up on an analogy, which I'm curious about.
00:40:59.000 So when you're trying to describe the ground game, it's super tough for a lay audience because the picture doesn't necessarily match what you're seeing because the layer of expertise makes a bunch of random arm movements and head movements and hip movements into something else.
00:41:17.000 We have the same problem in like math and physics where everybody wants to know what's going on with that thing.
00:41:24.000 I've been listening to the physicists on your program.
00:41:27.000 I don't think you have many mathematicians, but it's so confusing to figure out how to talk to the world about things that everybody wants to know about.
00:41:38.000 And I was just curious if you saw a parallel in those two things.
00:41:42.000 Those are both very high art forms.
00:41:45.000 Yeah.
00:41:46.000 Sean Carroll has done a really good job of trying to explain things.
00:41:49.000 Neil deGrasse Tyson's done a really good job of trying to explain things.
00:41:51.000 Well, I saw the explanation of gauge symmetry.
00:41:56.000 Lawrence Krauss?
00:41:57.000 Yeah, on your show.
00:41:58.000 Which is like, to my way of thinking, one of the most important principles in the world.
00:42:02.000 Yeah, I still have no idea what the fuck he said.
00:42:04.000 Exactly.
00:42:06.000 Well, I read his book, and after I read his book, that was the number one question I had.
00:42:10.000 I said, okay, I need you to explain to me what is gauge symmetry.
00:42:13.000 What does that mean?
00:42:14.000 It's so weird that he didn't...
00:42:16.000 I don't think he expected me to just bust it out.
00:42:19.000 Yeah, I don't think so either.
00:42:21.000 Maybe that's it.
00:42:21.000 But I think that it's so hard to...
00:42:25.000 Okay, here's one of my...
00:42:27.000 We'll get back to gauge symmetry maybe, but like...
00:42:30.000 When people say the universe is expanding, what the fuck does that mean?
00:42:35.000 It's going somewhere.
00:42:37.000 Every smart person says, into what?
00:42:41.000 It's the universe.
00:42:42.000 What is it expanding into?
00:42:45.000 Where's it going?
00:42:46.000 How could it?
00:42:47.000 It doesn't make any sense because the linguistics of the universe is expanding isn't really what the...
00:42:52.000 So you're saying the matter in the universe is moving outwards?
00:42:55.000 Is that what the universe is expanding means?
00:42:57.000 No, no.
00:42:57.000 What it means is...
00:42:59.000 The infinite universe is getting more infinite-er?
00:43:02.000 No.
00:43:03.000 So, first of all, is that they tell...
00:43:05.000 Did you say that?
00:43:06.000 Yeah.
00:43:06.000 Infinite-er?
00:43:09.000 I was trying to be silly.
00:43:10.000 The sativa's kicking in.
00:43:11.000 Yeah.
00:43:12.000 So, if you think about this bottle, it's the slices of the bottle that are expanding.
00:43:20.000 But if you think of the bottle as the universe, the bottle isn't expanding.
00:43:25.000 It's just the cross-sections that are expanding.
00:43:29.000 And so that's what they really mean.
00:43:31.000 What they really mean is something like the space-time metric on space-like cross-sections has its volume form when integrated is higher, something like that.
00:43:39.000 It's some mathematical statement.
00:43:42.000 But the universe's expanding is not helpful to me.
00:43:45.000 Like, if I wasn't able to read the math, I would say, I don't get it.
00:43:51.000 Well, I don't get anything.
00:43:52.000 Quite honestly, and I'm not being self-deprecating, I don't get the Big Bang.
00:43:56.000 Yeah.
00:43:57.000 I don't get it at all.
00:43:58.000 Well, okay, here's what somebody should tell you.
00:43:59.000 Okay.
00:44:02.000 There are two kinds of singularities when you try to solve Einstein's field equations for gravity.
00:44:08.000 So gravity is a thing.
00:44:10.000 Einstein tells us pretty much what we think gravity is.
00:44:14.000 It's the curvature of space and time.
00:44:16.000 And when we try to solve his equations, We get these black hole singularities, which are called Schwarzschild singularities, and then we get this initial singularity, which we associate back to the Big Bang with the Friedman, Walker, Robertson model.
00:44:30.000 In some sense, those singularities are indications to us that we're not at the end of physics and that Einstein's equations aren't the real story.
00:44:39.000 And so rather than sort of saying, they're a pretty good model up until this point, and then we kind of really don't know what happened then.
00:44:46.000 We have the observational thing that we would map to the Big Bang, and then we have the model thing that we would map to the Big Bang.
00:44:51.000 And to be honest with you, we're pretty sure that our models don't make sense past a point, and now we're having this conversation past the point where we're pretty sure they don't make sense.
00:45:00.000 That would be much more honest to me.
00:45:03.000 But because we have this desire to...
00:45:07.000 To blow people's minds gratuitously.
00:45:11.000 And everybody wants, well, how did everything begin?
00:45:14.000 And where are we?
00:45:15.000 And who are we?
00:45:16.000 And we want to sort of answer more of that than we probably should.
00:45:21.000 Hmm.
00:45:22.000 That's an interesting way.
00:45:24.000 That makes sense.
00:45:26.000 Let me give you an alternate spin on quantum mechanics.
00:45:29.000 Okay?
00:45:30.000 So typically people will say, you know, the mind-blowing thing about quantum mechanics is that it's probabilistic.
00:45:36.000 And that is kind of mind-blowing.
00:45:39.000 But if you actually say it differently, you say, look...
00:45:42.000 In classical mechanics, like Newton, stuff that we feel more comfortable with, you have good questions and bad questions.
00:45:49.000 Like if you and I go hang out at the beach and I say to you, hey, where is that wave concentrated?
00:45:56.000 At what point does that wave live?
00:45:59.000 You look at me and say, it's a wave.
00:46:00.000 It's not concentrated at a point.
00:46:02.000 It's all along the shore.
00:46:05.000 So as a classical physicist, you say, that's not a good question, Eric.
00:46:10.000 And when I ask you a good question, like how fast is the wavefront moving along this trajectory or something, you can give me an answer and it's definite.
00:46:20.000 So as long as you ask a good question in classical mechanics, you get definite answers.
00:46:25.000 When you go to quantum mechanics and you ask a good question, Technically, that means that the state vector is an observable of the Hermitian operator representing the question.
00:46:36.000 Never mind.
00:46:38.000 Funny thing happens.
00:46:40.000 You get deterministic answers.
00:46:41.000 There's no probability involved whatsoever.
00:46:43.000 So if I ask a good question in quantum mechanics, I have the same property that I do when I ask a good question in classical mechanics.
00:46:50.000 I get a definite answer.
00:46:51.000 There's no probability.
00:46:53.000 When I ask a bad question in quantum mechanics...
00:46:56.000 Instead of, like classical mechanics says, you know, screw off.
00:47:00.000 I'm not answering that.
00:47:01.000 That's ridiculous.
00:47:02.000 It's a bad question.
00:47:03.000 Quantum mechanics says, you really want to ask me a bad question?
00:47:06.000 All right.
00:47:07.000 I'll give you maybe this answer and maybe that answer, and here's the probability distribution that I'll actually give you either of those two answers.
00:47:13.000 And what's more, I'll even kick it into the state that you asked about.
00:47:18.000 So for example, if you ask, where is that wave concentrated?
00:47:22.000 So like, let's say this is my coffee cup, and I drop a little drop in the center of it.
00:47:27.000 That creates a circular wave that radiates out.
00:47:29.000 And I say, where is the wave concentrated?
00:47:31.000 Well, at one second it hits the coffee mug, let's say it's a big coffee cup, and at one second after that it's concentrated again in the center.
00:47:39.000 So that becomes a good question only when the wave becomes re-concentrated in the center of the cup, right?
00:47:46.000 But if that wave were a quantum wave, I could ask, where is the wave concentrated?
00:47:51.000 And with equal probability, suddenly the wave will concentrate at some point along the circle that represents the wave.
00:48:01.000 So what would your answer be then?
00:48:03.000 Well, the point would be it'll concentrate at one of these points around the circle at random with equal probability and suddenly the wave will concentrate randomly when it's a quantum question.
00:48:14.000 So this is why quantum mechanics is so confusing.
00:48:17.000 Quantum physics is so confusing to people.
00:48:18.000 Because they hear that and they go, okay, this is...
00:48:21.000 It is confusing.
00:48:22.000 This went in my head like jello.
00:48:24.000 Well, that's the thing.
00:48:25.000 But the point of if I have a wave and I slow it down, I can look at a wave in a coffee mug.
00:48:29.000 Right.
00:48:30.000 And I can see that if I ask where is the wave concentrated, you would say it's concentrated at like half an inch out from the center of the cup.
00:48:38.000 Say, no, no, not what ring is it concentrated or what exact point?
00:48:42.000 It's not concentrated at an exact point.
00:48:45.000 But that wave in quantum mechanics, which is not concentrated at an exact point, behaves differently when I ask a bad question.
00:48:53.000 So the point that I'm trying to get across is, Good questions have exactly the same properties in classical mechanics and quantum mechanics.
00:49:00.000 There's no introduction to probability theory.
00:49:02.000 The weird question is why is quantum mechanics answering bad questions?
00:49:08.000 Well, maybe even weirder question is Not just why.
00:49:15.000 Is quantum mechanics in an adolescent state of understanding?
00:49:18.000 I mean, is it part of the problem that they don't know enough yet?
00:49:21.000 And they're trying to, like, explain what they do know, what they can prove on paper.
00:49:26.000 And for a person like me, like, well, what do you know?
00:49:29.000 And they're like, well, we know probabilities.
00:49:31.000 We know this, we know that.
00:49:32.000 And a person like me who doesn't have any studying in it just goes, ugh.
00:49:37.000 What does that mean?
00:49:38.000 That's great.
00:49:39.000 So let's say we were having a conversation about genetics and we were looking only at the DNA and we didn't see epigenetics in terms of methylation patterns.
00:49:48.000 Then you'd shove everything onto DNA and maybe you had no concept of development.
00:49:55.000 And the model would work up to a point.
00:49:57.000 It would explain why you have blue eyes or brown eyes, but it wouldn't explain all sorts of other things.
00:50:01.000 And so now – then you overdevelop that model.
00:50:05.000 So I think that what you're saying is really Einstein's intuition, which is – I'm not saying – Einstein, I'm not saying that this is wrong.
00:50:12.000 I'm saying this is incomplete.
00:50:14.000 And then when we finally get the answer, we're going to say, oh, that's why we used to think of it in those crazy terms.
00:50:20.000 So back to gauge theory, gauge symmetry.
00:50:24.000 What the hell is that?
00:50:25.000 All right.
00:50:26.000 Well, here's the craziest thing.
00:50:28.000 Okay.
00:50:29.000 There is a very confusing visual image of the fundamental unit that you need to appreciate what gauge symmetry is all about.
00:50:37.000 And I had Jamie load it up under the tab called Planet Hopf.
00:50:44.000 H-O-P-F? H-O-P-F. What the fuck am I looking at?
00:50:50.000 You are looking at the most important object in the universe.
00:50:53.000 What?
00:50:56.000 That looks like some trippy screensaver on your laptop.
00:50:59.000 Take another puff, my friend, because it's worth it.
00:51:02.000 This is, what you're looking at, is a principal fiber bundle.
00:51:08.000 And it's the earth.
00:51:10.000 Those are the continents I'm looking at.
00:51:12.000 That's the cool part about it, which is This is very confusing to figure out what you're looking at, but it's finite.
00:51:19.000 In other words, if we stay for an hour or two on this and we actually answer all your questions, you will actually know what a principal bundle is and you will know the arena in which gauge theory exists.
00:51:30.000 For folks at home that are just listening and they go, what the fuck are these guys talking about?
00:51:35.000 What is the name of this video, Jamie?
00:51:38.000 It's not a video.
00:51:38.000 It's a small file on a page.
00:51:42.000 I typed in Planet Hopf and it was the first thing that showed up on math.toronto.edu.
00:51:46.000 Okay, so Planet H-O-P-F for anybody who wants to look at this.
00:51:52.000 If you're just listening and you have no idea why I'm freaking out.
00:51:56.000 This was done by a friend of mine named Dror Barnaton.
00:52:00.000 I actually coded the same thing up.
00:52:03.000 Strangely enough, didn't do as brilliant a job of coloring it.
00:52:07.000 This looks amazing, by the way.
00:52:08.000 So, okay.
00:52:11.000 What you're looking at is a two-dimensional sphere that is the surface of the Earth where an extra circle is included at every point on the surface of that sphere,
00:52:26.000 which you're now visualizing.
00:52:29.000 And that extra circle, which would be called the fiber, When you take the totality of all of those circles together, one for each point on the surface of the sphere, they create something called a three-sphere.
00:52:46.000 That is all the points that are one unit of distance away from the origin in four-dimensional space.
00:52:52.000 So that three-dimensional sphere is the analog of a two-dimensional sphere sitting in three-dimensional space.
00:52:58.000 So think about a caramel apple.
00:53:01.000 If you've ever made caramel apples, you get a disc of caramel and you wrap it around the sphere that is the apple surface, right?
00:53:08.000 So this is the three-dimensional version of caramel wrapped around the three-dimensional sphere sitting in four-dimensional space.
00:53:21.000 Do you understand any of this, Jamie?
00:53:24.000 I'm trying.
00:53:24.000 Well, look, dude, it's totally trippy, right?
00:53:27.000 And so we're not going to get it completely during this session.
00:53:31.000 I think I lack the tools.
00:53:33.000 I don't think so.
00:53:34.000 We lack the time.
00:53:36.000 So the first thing is, you are finding out that one of your friends thinks this is the most important object in the universe, and you've never even heard of it.
00:53:43.000 Right.
00:53:44.000 Much less know that there's one visual example.
00:53:47.000 What the fuck?
00:53:48.000 How's this happening now?
00:53:49.000 I know.
00:53:49.000 Exactly.
00:53:51.000 It does look fucking crazy.
00:53:54.000 Well, okay, this is what was discovered in the mid-1970s as the connection between mathematics and what we call differential geometry and the discipline of particle theory.
00:54:10.000 So two guys, Jim Simons, now the world's most successful hedge fund manager, and C.N. Yang, a person who might arguably be the world's first or second greatest living theoretical physicist, had a lunch seminar.
00:54:24.000 And they said, why don't we figure out how do we talk to each other?
00:54:27.000 And what they found out is they both had developed a version of this picture.
00:54:32.000 Independently.
00:54:33.000 Independently.
00:54:34.000 So it was the Rosetta Stone that...
00:54:36.000 Unleashed a revolution.
00:54:38.000 So when Lawrence Krauss was talking to you about gauge theory, he was saying things about chess boards and you color it white and you color it black.
00:54:46.000 It's super confusing to me.
00:54:48.000 I would rather your people be confused about an actual example of the object on which we do gauge theory that you can visually see.
00:54:58.000 Right?
00:54:59.000 Now, if I started to tell you what gauge theory is, it's pretty simple.
00:55:05.000 So here's a description I never hear anyone say.
00:55:08.000 When you're doing differential calculus, I don't know if you remember differential calculus.
00:55:13.000 You're trying to figure out the slopes of lines, the instantaneous rise over the run.
00:55:19.000 So that always makes sense to people.
00:55:21.000 Okay, I figure out how fast it's going up versus how fast it's going across.
00:55:25.000 But a question arises, which is, where do you measure the rise from?
00:55:30.000 So for example, if I say, what is the height of Mount Everest?
00:55:35.000 Jamie will say.
00:55:38.000 35,000?
00:55:41.000 Yeah, something like that.
00:55:42.000 Something crazy like that, right?
00:55:44.000 Let's just go with 1,000 and say base.
00:55:45.000 We haven't got an internet connection.
00:55:47.000 Let's take a guess.
00:55:48.000 What do you think it is?
00:55:49.000 I don't know.
00:55:49.000 I can't remember.
00:55:50.000 I want to say it's 35,000.
00:55:52.000 What do you think?
00:55:53.000 I thought it was 29,000.
00:55:54.000 29,029.
00:55:57.000 What's the highest?
00:55:58.000 What's the highest one?
00:56:00.000 Is it K2? K2 is the second, right?
00:56:03.000 Is it?
00:56:03.000 Is Everest the highest?
00:56:04.000 Yeah.
00:56:05.000 Okay, so Everest.
00:56:07.000 So 29, what did you say?
00:56:08.000 29?
00:56:08.000 29, 029. 029. Above what?
00:56:13.000 Sea level?
00:56:13.000 Okay.
00:56:14.000 Where is Mount Everest located?
00:56:16.000 The Himalayas.
00:56:18.000 Tibet.
00:56:18.000 What sea?
00:56:19.000 There's no ocean there, sir.
00:56:21.000 Right.
00:56:21.000 So, like we snuck in.
00:56:23.000 It's above sea level, and there's no ocean.
00:56:25.000 So we start from the center of the Earth.
00:56:27.000 We have this structure called the geoid.
00:56:30.000 Which is the interpolation of sea level as if the earth was only ocean and there was no tide.
00:56:35.000 Right.
00:56:36.000 And as if there's some sort of a...
00:56:38.000 So we snuck in the reference level.
00:56:39.000 That's my point.
00:56:40.000 We teach these kids to repeat why it's 29,000 and change above sea level and there's no sea.
00:56:46.000 So that reference level is the magic of gauge theory.
00:56:50.000 Right?
00:56:51.000 Which is that we measure the rise over the run based on a custom level.
00:56:56.000 Right?
00:56:57.000 So, a level that we all agree upon.
00:56:59.000 So, for example, let's imagine that you and I are in some country experiencing hyperinflation, right?
00:57:05.000 And I'm your boss.
00:57:06.000 And you say, dude, I need a raise.
00:57:09.000 I say, well, look, I've told you I would hire you for, you know, 10,000 dinars a month.
00:57:16.000 And you say, yeah.
00:57:19.000 I said, well, your salary is constant.
00:57:21.000 I took the derivative of it.
00:57:22.000 I've paid you $10,000 last month, $10,000 this month.
00:57:25.000 So you're getting the same amount.
00:57:27.000 Derivative equals zero.
00:57:27.000 It's constant salary.
00:57:29.000 Now you have to come back at me in calculus and you say, no, I don't like your notion of the derivative because what you're doing is you're measuring the absolute number of dinars that you're paying me.
00:57:41.000 But what I want to do is I want to measure it in purchasing power because I'm losing money every month that you don't increase my salary.
00:57:47.000 So I now come up with a version of the calculus in which my salary is not constant because it's being measured relative to purchasing power rather than absolute units.
00:57:59.000 That's gauge theory, is that you're bringing in a reference level That does the differentiation.
00:58:07.000 So you're measuring rise over run by customizing the problem.
00:58:12.000 So these were two different applications of the calculus.
00:58:15.000 The cheating employer says, I want to go with constant dinars.
00:58:19.000 The gifted employee says, not so fast.
00:58:22.000 I know gauge theory.
00:58:23.000 I want to use a custom reference level, which is purchasing power.
00:58:27.000 So it's like sneaking the geoid into Tibet to measure Everest.
00:58:32.000 I've got my custom level.
00:58:34.000 Does this make sense to you?
00:58:35.000 Yes.
00:58:35.000 It makes sense, right?
00:58:37.000 But now explain it.
00:58:38.000 Say what he said.
00:58:41.000 We would need a new reference of what you want to measure, a new conversation, to have a flat level, I guess.
00:58:48.000 It would be really difficult for me to recall a day from now.
00:58:53.000 Maybe.
00:58:54.000 Lay off the weed.
00:58:55.000 No, it's not the weed.
00:58:56.000 That might help.
00:58:57.000 No, the weed might help.
00:58:58.000 I might pop a mushroom cap and see what's up.
00:59:02.000 It's still...
00:59:05.000 In reference to quantum physics, like how you would use gauge symmetry.
00:59:10.000 Let's look at some more cool stuff with the visual cortex, because everything that we can do visually should inform what we can do linguistically.
00:59:17.000 So you should push everything into the visual realm that you can.
00:59:21.000 What do you mean by that?
00:59:22.000 Well, I just showed you the hop vibration, which is the only...
00:59:26.000 I think we're good to go.
00:59:47.000 It would be better that we spent a day or two on this most important object which we think reality is based around and that you visually got comfortable with it.
00:59:59.000 And then you said, okay, now tell me again what gauge symmetry is.
01:00:03.000 And then instead of Lawrence talking about this chessboard and the colors and all this stuff by analogy, you'd actually be seeing gauge theory visually.
01:00:11.000 Like I could program a computer and have done so.
01:00:14.000 To show you visually what a gauge theory is.
01:00:17.000 And it takes some time to sort of understand what the trippy pictures are.
01:00:20.000 But let's bring up the Escher staircase.
01:00:24.000 And Jamie has a nice wrinkle on this that instead of using MC Escher's staircase, he's got this animated guy who just keeps going down.
01:00:33.000 All right.
01:00:34.000 Now what's going on with those stairs?
01:00:37.000 Now the stairs are sort of an optical illusion because obviously it can't just keep going down.
01:00:41.000 But then you build these systems like rock, paper, scissors.
01:00:44.000 What's the best thing to throw in rock, paper, scissors?
01:00:47.000 Well, it depends on what you throw.
01:00:48.000 Well, but we should be able to agree that rock is better than scissors.
01:00:52.000 Rock is better than scissors, but paper is better than rock.
01:00:55.000 Right.
01:00:56.000 So you go around that thing and now the point is that you get to like, rock is much better than rock!
01:01:01.000 That seems crazy.
01:01:02.000 Now that concept would be what we would call holonomy.
01:01:05.000 The weird sentence, rock is better than rock because of that going around the loop.
01:01:09.000 Why rock is better than rock?
01:01:11.000 I don't get it.
01:01:12.000 Rock is better than scissors.
01:01:14.000 Scissors is better than paper.
01:01:15.000 Paper is better than rock.
01:01:17.000 So by transitivity, rock is therefore better than rock because you went around the loop and came back to rock.
01:01:23.000 It's like MMA math.
01:01:24.000 Yeah.
01:01:25.000 Or if you're changing currencies and you don't spend any of it because you keep using your credit card, by the time you come home you have more money than when you left because the exchange rates did something so that when you changed into each currency you somehow got richer.
01:01:43.000 But by saying rock is better than rock, you're denying the fact they're exactly the same.
01:01:46.000 Well, no.
01:01:47.000 You're not addressing it.
01:01:49.000 You just want to continue the same.
01:01:50.000 That's the linguistic fallacy, right?
01:01:52.000 So the idea that this system here, so those stairs in gauge theory would be these reference levels for the derivative.
01:02:01.000 And you can have situations where the reference levels don't knit flatly together, right?
01:02:07.000 Right.
01:02:08.000 And so, by virtue of that, we would say that the system has curvature.
01:02:13.000 Curvature is the Escherness of these better than transitive statements.
01:02:19.000 Darrell Bock What we're looking at, folks, for people who are just listening, we're looking at, if you've never seen those Escher etches, those sketches, they're very strange because what there are is a bunch of staircases that appear to always be going downhill, even if one of them is above the other one.
01:02:34.000 It's very strange.
01:02:35.000 Peter Robinson Very strange.
01:02:36.000 And this one, we're watching an animated guy roll down this staircase constantly, even though it really looks like somehow or another it must go up somewhere, but you don't ever see it going up.
01:02:46.000 But it's also a factor of the illusion of perspective and how it's drawn and playing games with lines.
01:02:54.000 Exactly.
01:02:55.000 But...
01:02:56.000 If you do this very weird experiment, which we didn't know about until the late 50s, called the Aronoff-Bohm experiment, if you run an electric current through a wire that's insulated,
01:03:13.000 it appears not to have any electromagnetic field outside of the insulation.
01:03:20.000 I think?
01:03:41.000 is what determines the shift in the electron.
01:03:44.000 But it's insulated, so there is no electromagnetic field to worry about.
01:03:46.000 It turned out that it wasn't the electromagnetic field alone.
01:03:49.000 It was some previous geometric concept, which was called the electromagnetic potential, that determined something about the phase shift.
01:03:57.000 So this Escher staircase, in the case of electromagnetism, it's like the photons are the analog of those steps.
01:04:05.000 They're partially what determine the derivative operators, these reference levels, and again, in our discussion of the, am I paying you the right amount in a hyperinflationary economy?
01:04:16.000 So all of these things, you're trying to figure out, well, that's an optical illusion, but that effect actually occurs in some systems not as an optical illusion.
01:04:24.000 Yes, right?
01:04:26.000 So this weirdness It requires a fair amount in terms of either study of math or learning visualizations.
01:04:37.000 But there's no way to achieve it in my experience with linguistic communications.
01:04:43.000 Like, all the stuff that gets said about, you know, the universe is expanding or let me tell you what a gauge theory is and why, there's a reason it's confusing.
01:04:53.000 It's because it doesn't make any effing sense.
01:04:54.000 Right.
01:04:55.000 I see what you're saying.
01:04:57.000 Sort of.
01:04:58.000 So this is like what Feynman said.
01:05:02.000 If you think you know quantum physics, you don't know quantum physics?
01:05:05.000 Well, there's some of that.
01:05:07.000 One of the most important things in the world is this thing called a spinner.
01:05:12.000 Like the electrons and the protons correspond to things called spinners.
01:05:16.000 And the average person has no idea that spinners exist.
01:05:19.000 What's more, Spinners have a property that when I tell it to you linguistically won't make any sense.
01:05:26.000 All right.
01:05:28.000 Let's do this with coffee.
01:05:29.000 Hit me with it.
01:05:30.000 Okay.
01:05:31.000 Yeah.
01:05:33.000 Thank you, sir.
01:05:34.000 Perfect.
01:05:35.000 All right.
01:05:36.000 Now here's the problem.
01:05:36.000 Okay.
01:05:37.000 Hold your cup.
01:05:38.000 Nope.
01:05:38.000 Sorry.
01:05:39.000 From the bottom.
01:05:40.000 All right.
01:05:41.000 And here's the first challenge.
01:05:42.000 Without spilling it, I want you, and without readjusting your grip on the bottom of your cup, I want you to turn your cup 360 degrees.
01:05:50.000 No, no, no.
01:05:51.000 Sorry.
01:05:52.000 Turn, your fingers should not change on the cup.
01:05:56.000 Oh, okay.
01:05:57.000 Turn the cup 360 degrees without spilling it and try to take a sip.
01:06:06.000 Okay, that didn't work.
01:06:08.000 No.
01:06:08.000 Now, without coming back, how would you take a sip?
01:06:11.000 If I got it all the way around that way?
01:06:13.000 Yeah.
01:06:14.000 Mr. Jiu-Jitsu man.
01:06:16.000 I would have to...
01:06:18.000 I would have to help myself.
01:06:21.000 No, no, you're going to do it?
01:06:22.000 All right, you ready?
01:06:23.000 Yeah.
01:06:24.000 Okay, here we go.
01:06:25.000 Are you going to go around a circle?
01:06:27.000 I'm going to do 360. Okay.
01:06:30.000 Right.
01:06:31.000 Now, I'm screwed if I don't bring it back underneath.
01:06:34.000 Oh, I see.
01:06:36.000 So that system required 720 degrees of rotation unexpectedly.
01:06:41.000 Oh, you just keep going.
01:06:42.000 Right.
01:06:43.000 Okay.
01:06:43.000 Now, the idea that there are objects that don't come back to themselves under 360 degrees of rotation but require 720 is probably something you've never thought about before in your life.
01:06:54.000 Right.
01:06:55.000 But without that, you wouldn't have the polyexclusion principle.
01:06:58.000 You wouldn't have the stability of matter.
01:07:00.000 And this thing is called the Philippine wine dance.
01:07:03.000 Jamie, do you want to...
01:07:06.000 That's not very seductive, Joe.
01:07:08.000 It seems like some very odd ethnic dance.
01:07:12.000 Yeah, but maybe you could do 11th Planet Jiu-Jitsu.
01:07:14.000 Here we go.
01:07:19.000 So this spinner is one of the coolest, most important objects anywhere, and it was discovered to be important in physics by a guy named Paul Dirac.
01:07:31.000 Right?
01:07:32.000 It's fun.
01:07:33.000 Okay, so this 720 theory is entirely responsible for the world that we live in.
01:07:41.000 This is so bizarre to watch this in animation.
01:07:44.000 And nobody knows about it.
01:07:46.000 Right?
01:07:46.000 Like, unless you're hanging out with physicists...
01:07:49.000 They don't tell you that electromagnetism has to do with the fact that there's a secret circle at every point in space and time that's invisible to you.
01:07:56.000 They don't tell you that there's stuff that requires 720 degrees of rotation.
01:08:00.000 They just say mind-blowing stuff about...
01:08:02.000 Whoa!
01:08:03.000 So what is happening in this 720 degrees of rotation in the quantum world?
01:08:09.000 There's an object that is requiring this just the way the cup arm system requires 720 degrees of rotation.
01:08:16.000 What object is this?
01:08:17.000 It's called a spinner.
01:08:20.000 And that spinner is how we model the electron, the neutrino, quarks.
01:08:25.000 All that is spinorial matter.
01:08:31.000 Sir?
01:08:32.000 That's a good long pause.
01:08:33.000 I like it.
01:08:34.000 Yeah.
01:08:35.000 And where does this fit in in our model of the universe?
01:08:39.000 Like, what is the function of this?
01:08:40.000 Why is it there?
01:08:42.000 What is it?
01:08:43.000 How do we know it's there?
01:08:44.000 Well, we know it's there because when Dirac – so there was this problem with like the Schrodinger equation.
01:08:53.000 The Schrodinger equation takes one derivative in terms of the direction of time and takes two derivatives in the direction of all the spatial directions.
01:09:02.000 But because Einstein told us that space and time are woven together, For the theory to be relativistic, you need the same number of derivatives of time as of space, because space-time is sort of one kind of semi-unified object.
01:09:15.000 All right, that means you either have to boost the number of derivatives of time up to two to match the two derivatives in the directions of space, or you have to knock the two derivatives in the spatial directions down to one derivative to get it to be equal.
01:09:31.000 Now, one direction gets you to something called the Klein-Gordon equation.
01:09:34.000 What Dirac did is he took a square root of the Klein-Gordon equation to get these spinners.
01:09:41.000 So he had these numbers.
01:09:42.000 He didn't understand at first that he was going to get kicked into this world of spinners.
01:09:47.000 He came up with a square root equation in which A times B, thought to be numbers, was not equal to B times A. It was like equal to the negative of B times A. So it was like what two numbers, when you multiply them, matter in which order?
01:10:00.000 It wasn't numbers.
01:10:01.000 It was matrices.
01:10:02.000 So this was one of the great insights, you know, rival to Einstein in terms of the depth of what it told us about the universe.
01:10:09.000 Most of us haven't really heard of Paul Dirac.
01:10:11.000 We don't realize that he has one of the three most important equations in physics.
01:10:15.000 Now, when you say three most important, important in how it's applicable to everyday life?
01:10:22.000 Or important in how it's given us an understanding in quantum physics?
01:10:27.000 Or important in how its understanding is significant to quantum physicists?
01:10:33.000 We're talking about bedrock reality.
01:10:35.000 Like, you and I are having a conversation, if you're a Matrix fan, in what we might call the construct.
01:10:40.000 Okay.
01:10:40.000 What is the construct made of?
01:10:43.000 So, the way I do it is, I think of it as a newspaper story.
01:10:46.000 There's where and when did it happen, there was who and what was involved, and there's how and why.
01:10:53.000 So where and when is space and time, clearly.
01:10:57.000 The who and the what, to me, let's say the who is the spinorial stuff.
01:11:02.000 It's like electrons, protons, neutrons, quarks, the stuff that we're made of.
01:11:07.000 And then you and I are only able to see each other because we're passing photons back and forth, which are force particles.
01:11:14.000 They're not spinorial.
01:11:16.000 They come back to themselves after 360 degrees.
01:11:20.000 They don't require 720. So this is sort of the, you know, if you were going to go to a play, you'd have the dramatic personnel of the play given to you at the beginning.
01:11:29.000 So this is what this universe is.
01:11:33.000 It's a story about space and time, where and when, about what is in that, you know, like who are the players and what equipment are they using?
01:11:42.000 That's like bosons and fermions.
01:11:44.000 And then there's the how and the why, which is the equations and the Lagrangians that govern the rules of play.
01:11:50.000 So, for example, if you and I go to the beach and we've got a ball and a net and you think we're going to play volleyball and we actually – somebody says, no, no, we're going to play CPAC tukro, which is like volleyball played with the feet in a martial arts style, which is awesome.
01:12:06.000 Yeah, we showed a video on that recently.
01:12:08.000 I believe it was from Thailand or Bali or something.
01:12:11.000 Yeah, they're really good at it.
01:12:12.000 Amazing.
01:12:12.000 It's amazing.
01:12:13.000 It's like ballet, martial arts, soccer, volleyball happening in one thing.
01:12:16.000 We should do this as a nation.
01:12:19.000 That's a different set of rules for a ball and a net and two teams that you could have done it one way as volleyball and you could have done it another way as CPAC tuck row where you're using your feet and not your hands.
01:12:33.000 So that's sort of the breakdown of what a physics theory is.
01:12:37.000 You've got to tell me where and when.
01:12:39.000 You've got to tell me what's in the game.
01:12:40.000 You've got to tell me what the rules are.
01:12:42.000 And that's what this place is.
01:12:44.000 And so theoretical physics...
01:12:46.000 Is the most interesting of all of these fields to me.
01:12:49.000 Not because it speaks to us about our daily lives.
01:12:51.000 Because it speaks to us about, well, where are we?
01:12:54.000 Where is this thing taking place?
01:12:57.000 So it seems to me that there's a small number of people that are studying this stuff.
01:13:06.000 That are getting past biology.
01:13:10.000 They're getting past...
01:13:13.000 Gravity, climate change, all those different variables that we're constantly dealing with.
01:13:17.000 And they're getting to the very things that make everything.
01:13:25.000 And what is it under the wiring?
01:13:27.000 Lift up the board.
01:13:29.000 What's going on in here?
01:13:31.000 Right.
01:13:31.000 It's like getting to a computer down to the zero and one logic gates.
01:13:35.000 Right?
01:13:35.000 Yeah.
01:13:36.000 So that thing...
01:13:38.000 We've got three or four equations.
01:13:41.000 We've got three or four different kinds of objects in the system.
01:13:45.000 We seem to be, and people are going to not like what I'm about to say, but screw them, we seem to be almost at the end.
01:13:53.000 Like, these equations are so beautiful, they're so tight, that it's almost most mysterious because it feels like this thing, like a movie that ended prematurely.
01:14:04.000 How so?
01:14:08.000 Well, when we found the Higgs particle at the LHC, there wasn't anything left that needed to close to explain the system.
01:14:20.000 We know that there's dark matter out there that we don't understand.
01:14:22.000 We know that there's dark energy out there that we don't understand because of astronomical observations.
01:14:27.000 But all the stuff that we know about, when you look at it and collide it at high energies and figure out what mutates into what, there's nothing missing anymore.
01:14:35.000 So it's like you've got this odd thing where everything got very, very simple, very unified.
01:14:45.000 And it felt like we were going to get one or two more giant unifications and the whole thing would be tied up with a bow.
01:14:51.000 And right now, we just don't have anything that is needed to close the system.
01:14:57.000 So, for example, when you have radioactive carbon decay...
01:15:02.000 What you see is that one of the neutrons flips into being a proton, and it spits out an electron when it does that, right?
01:15:10.000 So it's like a transnucleon.
01:15:12.000 It shifts what it is.
01:15:15.000 Okay.
01:15:16.000 That electron doesn't carry off enough energy to explain how energy would be conserved.
01:15:22.000 There was something missing.
01:15:23.000 So this guy Wolfgang Pauli said, I bet there's a particle that's neutral so we can't see it, that we won't leave a track in a cloud chamber.
01:15:31.000 It won't have any effect that we can see electromagnetically.
01:15:34.000 But it's carrying away some of the energy because I'm not going to give up on conservation of energy just because this particular process doesn't seem to conserve it.
01:15:43.000 There was this sneaky particle that was spiriting away some of the energy of the system that couldn't be seen because it didn't interact electromagnetically, and it didn't interact according to the strong force.
01:15:56.000 The only thing you could use to trap it would be the weak force, and the weak force was so weak that it was very hard to see it.
01:16:01.000 Okay, well, there's no neutrino that I know of left to find.
01:16:06.000 There's no thing that's missing.
01:16:08.000 In our standard model.
01:16:10.000 And I'm just not satisfied, nobody's satisfied that the play is over.
01:16:14.000 Why would the play be over just because we've discovered all the neutrinos?
01:16:19.000 Well, no, it's that we had an easy job when there was stuff that was missing.
01:16:25.000 Then you just hypothesize, I bet there's some invisible thing that's carrying away some stuff.
01:16:29.000 Let's go look for something that's hard to see.
01:16:31.000 So they find it.
01:16:32.000 They find the Higgs.
01:16:34.000 So they find the Higgs, they find the neutrinos, they find...
01:16:36.000 Quark, gluon, plasma.
01:16:38.000 I wasn't going to go there, but I was going to say that they found alternate generations of matter.
01:16:44.000 So you and I are made out of the first generation of matter, but there could be alternate Joe Rogan made out of second generation matter or third generation.
01:16:51.000 We don't know of any generations beyond these two.
01:16:53.000 Hold up.
01:16:55.000 What are you talking about?
01:16:57.000 So like the electron has a relative called the muon that behaves exactly like the electron except it's heavier.
01:17:07.000 And the up and down quarks that make up protons and neutrons have relatives called strange quarks and charmed quarks.
01:17:14.000 So there's like a second copy of Lego that has all the same properties as the first copy of Lego except it's at a different mass level.
01:17:22.000 So it's just denser, but it's an almost identical copy.
01:17:26.000 Yeah, nobody wanted this thing.
01:17:27.000 So the famous joke is that there was this guy, Isadora Robbie, who was like a, you know, kind of an ethnic Jew in New York.
01:17:34.000 And when they found the second generation of matter, he responded as if it was a group...
01:17:40.000 I think we're good to go.
01:18:04.000 And these are the basic secrets.
01:18:06.000 These are rock solid.
01:18:07.000 This isn't speculative multiverse string theory, woo-woo, Schrodinger's cat stuff.
01:18:13.000 This is ground truth.
01:18:16.000 And we don't know it.
01:18:18.000 And we don't know it because nobody will show you a picture of the Hoppe vibration.
01:18:22.000 Or there's a concept called the group, which is how we think about symmetry, that no mathematician or physicist can go a day without talking about groups almost.
01:18:32.000 And we act as if it doesn't need to be taught in high school.
01:18:37.000 It'll blow your mind.
01:18:38.000 We're not going to teach you that groups even exist.
01:18:40.000 So we've built the professional version of the subject around objects that we don't even tell you exist when you're studying in school.
01:18:50.000 So if you think about the portal story...
01:18:55.000 In childhood, there's this story about either it's a rabbit hole or a looking glass or a wardrobe or platform nine and a half or whatever these things are.
01:19:04.000 I don't know what the Harry Potter version of it is, but how do I get from the world that I'm in To this new amazing world and even find out that it's there.
01:19:13.000 And that's what I think theoretical physics has failed to do.
01:19:16.000 It hasn't built a portal for most people to even understand what the issues are, what are the objects, what is the game, how close are we to understanding what existence itself is, which I think we're very, very close.
01:19:29.000 And the square root, this was what I was going to say before about Dirac, is like the most profound object in mathematics to me.
01:19:38.000 And the reason is, is that when I ask you what is the square root of negative 1, that is a question that can be posed entirely within the familiar.
01:19:46.000 So the real numbers, you're comfortable, you know, you owe money, you have money, so I need plus 1 and minus 1. Square root, understand what times itself equals my number.
01:19:59.000 And when you say what's the square root of negative 1, there's no answer inside of the real line.
01:20:04.000 But there is inside of this extension called the complex numbers.
01:20:08.000 And so it's like you're in flatland and you're trying to figure out, is there anything beyond flatland?
01:20:13.000 So the great thing about the square root is it's a question you can ask in flatland that gets you out of flatland.
01:20:21.000 Jesus, you confused the shit out of me.
01:20:23.000 Are you with this?
01:20:24.000 I understood that part of it, yeah.
01:20:26.000 I understood that part.
01:20:27.000 The complex numbers thing got weird when you're like an algebra.
01:20:29.000 So when I'm taking rotations of the coffee cup where my arm isn't involved, I say, okay, is there a square root of that rotation?
01:20:38.000 What does that even mean, dude?
01:20:40.000 Alright, well now I put my arm into the system and my arm plus coffee cup gives you spinners.
01:20:46.000 Like, oh dude, I did not even know that spinners were here.
01:20:50.000 I did not know that any object required 720 degrees of rotation.
01:20:56.000 So the cup arm system, we just exhibited it.
01:20:59.000 You don't need to learn Clifford algebras or all of this extra jazz that would get you to spinners mathematically.
01:21:05.000 But you need to figure out, how do I discover the hidden world?
01:21:10.000 And think about this from the perspective of ayahuasca.
01:21:14.000 Somebody takes ayahuasca And they have no idea that their brain is capable of this alternate state or LSD or 5-MeO DMT. All of these things are like panic rooms in the mind.
01:21:27.000 Where if you lived in a house for 20 years, you think you know your house.
01:21:31.000 And then one day you pull an old musty book off the shelf and suddenly the bookshelf swings open.
01:21:37.000 And it's like, holy crap, there's like a second home inside of my home.
01:21:40.000 Well, that's a lot of what psychedelics are like.
01:21:43.000 Psychedelics are like square roots in that they're portals.
01:21:47.000 They can get you from the place that you know into a place that you never imagined could exist.
01:21:54.000 Do you think that the teaching of groups and a lot of these concepts in high school would Facilitate a better understanding of it from the general public in adulthood?
01:22:07.000 Hell, yes.
01:22:08.000 Hell yeah.
01:22:09.000 And it would...
01:22:10.000 What do you think is the resistance to this?
01:22:12.000 Is it just too complex or not applicable to jobs?
01:22:15.000 You know, is that the idea behind it?
01:22:18.000 It's not something that you use in everyday life so that it's just too weird to think about the fact that there's cousins to the electron that are fat?
01:22:25.000 Yeah, yeah.
01:22:26.000 It's much worse than this.
01:22:27.000 Bodybuilder cousin to the...
01:22:28.000 Yeah.
01:22:30.000 You want to bulk up and get made out of strange quarks?
01:22:34.000 Yeah, one of your cousins is made out of lead.
01:22:36.000 No, I think it's much worse than this.
01:22:38.000 I think that, first of all, people are terrified of just how smart children are.
01:22:42.000 And the differences between children have to be buried.
01:22:46.000 So some children are great at abstraction.
01:22:49.000 And a lot of the kids who are great at abstraction are learning disabled, according to the teaching system.
01:22:54.000 Now, I personally think that most learning disabilities of a particular type are actually teaching disabilities.
01:23:01.000 People don't know how to teach the smartest kids.
01:23:04.000 And groups and things?
01:23:07.000 You're going to lose some people because of the level of abstraction, but you're going to get other people who have never been able to buy a base hit in mathematics suddenly start overperforming.
01:23:17.000 So the problem is that when you teach this stuff, It's very disruptive to notions of the hierarchy.
01:23:24.000 Have you thought about what are the causes of these different levels of perception?
01:23:29.000 Is it education?
01:23:31.000 Is it genetics?
01:23:32.000 Is it environmental?
01:23:34.000 Is it some sort of a chemical balance of the mind?
01:23:38.000 What do you think causes people to be more perceptive to some of these concepts?
01:23:44.000 It's a good question.
01:23:45.000 So the thing I just showed you with the planet Earth in a way that you've never seen it before, I know of only two people who've ever created that image.
01:23:54.000 I'm one of them.
01:23:56.000 Dror Barnatan is the other.
01:23:58.000 Maybe there are many more, but I've never heard or met them.
01:24:01.000 The number of people who first of all know what the hop vibration is, I would guess is if you really deeply know what it is, a few thousand people in the world.
01:24:10.000 So if none of those people are gifted at trying to visualize or none of them care, none of them program computers, the number of people who could present that to the world is so small.
01:24:21.000 It's such a tiny priestly class that your odds of getting anyone figuring out how to make this understandable are very small.
01:24:32.000 So we're talking about a very small priesthood, most of whom are too busy trying to do new research to want to care to communicate, many of whom are not gifted communicators.
01:24:53.000 I don't think so.
01:25:06.000 Look at a tiny number, tiny collection of these objects, principal vibrations, spinners, exceptional lead groups, this E8 248 dimensional monster.
01:25:18.000 What is that?
01:25:20.000 There's a 248-dimensional set of symmetries which seems to live only to be the symmetries of itself, where everything else seems to live to symmetrize something else.
01:25:34.000 And...
01:25:34.000 You following this?
01:25:36.000 We might have to spark that joint back up again.
01:25:38.000 Let's do that.
01:25:41.000 You know, there's this thing called the Titz-Freudenthal magic square after this guy named Jacques Titz.
01:25:46.000 And...
01:25:49.000 These guys figured out how to generate these sets of symmetries of dimension 52, 78, 133, and 248. We don't know why they're there.
01:26:02.000 They're like the platypi and echidnas of the mathematical world.
01:26:07.000 They're just different.
01:26:08.000 They don't seem to relate to anything else that we know yet.
01:26:13.000 And that's what's so fascinating about them.
01:26:17.000 And these are discovered by people that are trying to figure out the nature of reality?
01:26:21.000 They're discovered by people trying to find more of these bizarre equations?
01:26:29.000 Who's discovering these and what's the impetus?
01:26:32.000 Well, you ask very natural questions.
01:26:35.000 You've probably seen...
01:26:36.000 You ever played Dungeons and Dragons as a kid?
01:26:38.000 Luckily, no!
01:26:39.000 Okay.
01:26:40.000 Well, you were beating people up.
01:26:42.000 I was now beating.
01:26:43.000 Stop it.
01:26:44.000 I've seen one video.
01:26:45.000 Anyway, you had these die, right?
01:26:47.000 You had like the cube die, the tetrahedral die.
01:26:50.000 What is this, Jamie?
01:26:52.000 Beyond space time, 8D surface paradise.
01:26:54.000 This is my arch nemesis when I was telling this story last time during Sober October.
01:26:59.000 Yeah, Garrett Lisi.
01:27:00.000 How he took me into the jungle to meet this sort of differential geometric warlord who lives in the north of Maui.
01:27:07.000 In the jungle?
01:27:07.000 Yeah, far from...
01:27:08.000 You don't remember this?
01:27:09.000 I do now.
01:27:10.000 Yeah, you cut off my story, man.
01:27:12.000 Did I? Yeah.
01:27:12.000 I'm sorry.
01:27:13.000 That's alright.
01:27:13.000 Go for it.
01:27:14.000 Here we are again.
01:27:16.000 Put that back up.
01:27:18.000 So...
01:27:19.000 Whoa.
01:27:19.000 What is that?
01:27:21.000 Well, this is based on the eight-dimensional, I'm almost certain it's going to be based on the eight-dimensional root system.
01:27:27.000 So inside of the 248 dimensions, there's an eight-dimensional donut called a torus, like an eight-torus, and it generates this pattern.
01:27:37.000 And that pattern, in some sense, encodes the instructions for building the 248-dimensional object.
01:27:43.000 So somebody probably pushed an eight-dimensional thing into two dimensions for your viewing pleasure.
01:27:48.000 And does this accurate?
01:27:51.000 Like when you're looking at this, this image that we're seeing, does that make sense to you?
01:27:54.000 I mean, I can relate it to things that make sense to me.
01:27:57.000 If the idea is, you know, can I look at it the way I'd look at a barcode and say, oh, tied, unscented.
01:28:02.000 No.
01:28:03.000 I have no idea.
01:28:05.000 But this is an accurate representation if you're looking at it in two dimensions.
01:28:10.000 Yeah.
01:28:11.000 So what I'm trying to say is, you don't even know to worry about this pattern.
01:28:17.000 Right.
01:28:18.000 Because you've never heard that these things exist.
01:28:20.000 And this is like the closest that we come to, you know, genuine mysticism, where we have these objects.
01:28:27.000 If there are aliens, they know about E8. E8 are the aliens.
01:28:35.000 What?
01:28:35.000 E8 is the alien?
01:28:36.000 Yeah.
01:28:37.000 I've been...
01:28:38.000 I mean, we'll go to this later.
01:28:40.000 I don't want to interrupt your story again, but I have an idea.
01:28:43.000 So what I'm trying to get at is this is the majesty and mystery of being a mathematician or a physicist, these findings.
01:28:51.000 So what I was going to say about Dungeons& Dragons, you're given these dice where the normal die is always a cube, but the platonic solids, you can have an octahedron, tetrahedron, dodecahedron, icosahedron, all these things.
01:29:03.000 There's an analog of those five platonic solids in the next dimension up, which I think are called convex polytopes.
01:29:11.000 So each one of those objects has an analog one dimension up.
01:29:14.000 But it was found out in the late 1800s that there's a new platonic solid in dimension four called the 24-cell.
01:29:21.000 Do you want to bring up the 24-cell?
01:29:25.000 Let's find an animated video of somebody rotating this thing.
01:29:28.000 This is something that Plato knew nothing about.
01:29:30.000 We don't really understand what it's doing there in four dimensions.
01:29:34.000 These are like communications from the cosmos.
01:29:40.000 So this is like when Jodie Foster was in the movie Contact and they were getting them signals about how to make the time machine?
01:29:45.000 Maybe.
01:29:46.000 Or the portal machine?
01:29:47.000 Yeah, but this stuff just doesn't come with an instruction manual.
01:29:52.000 So part of it is you can prove that these things are there.
01:29:57.000 And you don't know why they're there.
01:29:59.000 And some of them touch everything and some of them have yet to touch almost anything.
01:30:04.000 And it's like a communication from pure design that there is so much beautiful structure and so much grace in the universe that we're just...
01:30:15.000 What the fuck is this doing here?
01:30:16.000 What is it?
01:30:17.000 Right.
01:30:18.000 Well, what is everything, right?
01:30:19.000 What is the whole thing?
01:30:20.000 No, I mean, look, if you accept three-dimensional space, or let's say this glass, right?
01:30:28.000 If you accept this glass, I understand that a circle can spin the glass.
01:30:33.000 A circle's worth of symmetries tells me what to do to spin the glass.
01:30:37.000 That's not that confusing.
01:30:38.000 Right.
01:30:39.000 Why is there something that's the analog of a circle, where a circle I would call one-dimensional because it's got one degree of freedom, this thing is 248 dimensions.
01:30:48.000 And it doesn't seem to live to symmetrize, in the jargon we would say it doesn't have a defining representation of lower dimension.
01:30:58.000 So normally you have something of low dimension.
01:31:01.000 And you say, what are its symmetries?
01:31:02.000 And the symmetries are of higher dimension.
01:31:04.000 This thing seems like the first thing it wants to symmetrize is itself.
01:31:09.000 So it's kind of self-referential.
01:31:11.000 It's kind of onanistic.
01:31:13.000 So it's like a zero point of creation?
01:31:18.000 That's poetic language, and I would groove on that after 11 p.m., but I wouldn't call it that right now.
01:31:23.000 I would say it's like a – if I was trying to pick somebody up, hey, zero point of creation.
01:31:29.000 Right, that's a sexy word.
01:31:30.000 That's a sexy way of describing it.
01:31:32.000 But, like, if we're saying the Big Bang existed – And that means some point in the history of the universe it was this really tiny thing and it decided for whatever reason something happened and it became this enormous thing.
01:31:47.000 Sure.
01:31:48.000 Possibly enormous thing.
01:31:49.000 Yeah.
01:31:49.000 There had to be a point.
01:31:52.000 Where it started.
01:31:53.000 Right.
01:31:54.000 Allegedly.
01:31:54.000 So what I would say is we can competently take that story back to a point.
01:31:59.000 And then we have to say we don't really believe that we have any insight beyond that point.
01:32:05.000 But people want to go there anyway.
01:32:07.000 We absolutely know that it was tiny.
01:32:09.000 Yeah, it was small.
01:32:10.000 Like smaller than the head of a pit.
01:32:12.000 The whole thing.
01:32:14.000 I'm always uncomfortable saying something to settle, but you can say a lot of stuff about very early, very small, and that could turn out to be wrong.
01:32:26.000 Impossibly long ago, 14 billion years ago, in our minds, for a guy like you, mathematics, you see it in numbers on paper, it all computes, you see the numbers, 14 billion is a number that makes sense.
01:32:40.000 But conceptually, for a dummy like me, 14 billion is like, if I'm being honest, do you think I really have an accurate understanding of what 14 billion is?
01:32:49.000 No, but Steven Weinberg doesn't feel 14 billion either.
01:32:53.000 Right, but you know where 100 yards is.
01:32:55.000 You know 100 yards, right?
01:32:56.000 So you can feel that, right?
01:32:57.000 If I see 100 yards, I'm like, that's too far to shoot a bow.
01:33:00.000 You've got to get a little closer to be ethical.
01:33:02.000 So you have some kind of an intuition pump.
01:33:04.000 Well, you know distance.
01:33:06.000 It's a rational distance that you see on a daily basis.
01:33:08.000 100 yards is a long distance.
01:33:10.000 A mile gets a little weird.
01:33:12.000 Like, is that a mile away?
01:33:13.000 How far is that?
01:33:14.000 Oh, it's six miles away?
01:33:15.000 Wow.
01:33:16.000 I didn't think it was that far.
01:33:18.000 There's weirdness in distance, right?
01:33:20.000 But when you get to 140 million miles, okay, I give up.
01:33:26.000 But you get to 14 billion years.
01:33:29.000 Yeah, I get fatigued by that stuff.
01:33:30.000 Some other people get energized, like, man, you have It's humbling.
01:33:35.000 Right.
01:33:36.000 But then there's the concept of infinite, right?
01:33:39.000 Like, this is one of the things that Krauss said, or maybe it was Sean Carroll, that said, it's really not that we know that we can see 14 billion years ago.
01:33:48.000 Right.
01:33:49.000 It's like, but that's just as far back as we're capable of seeing right now.
01:33:53.000 And even if we did go further, the light is actually moving slower.
01:33:58.000 Like, you wouldn't be able to see it.
01:34:01.000 Right, right, right.
01:34:02.000 So you have this thing about with the space-time metric, which is sort of how things feel like they're moving apart.
01:34:10.000 Einstein said four degrees of freedom plus rulers and protractors equals space-time.
01:34:17.000 Right.
01:34:19.000 Right, so a space-time metric is a collection of rulers and protractors, so I can do length and angle, including length and the time direction.
01:34:27.000 And that generates a derivative operator, which we talked about before, which is rise-over-run relative to a custom reference level.
01:34:36.000 The custom reference levels generate the Escher staircase that we did, and that generates the curvature tensor, which generates gravity.
01:34:44.000 So, strangely, with all this kind of, like, Woo woo stuff that we've been doing.
01:34:50.000 We just came to a much better description I really appreciate that you're explaining this in a way that you hope that someone can understand.
01:35:18.000 Well, I'm not a physicist.
01:35:20.000 But you're explaining it very well.
01:35:22.000 The problem is, for someone like me, I lack the tools to put...
01:35:27.000 I don't have enough open slots.
01:35:43.000 Okay, but look.
01:35:57.000 That's nothing compared to what you're trying to do.
01:35:59.000 Let's drop some...
01:36:00.000 So you do this thing about like, well, for a meathead like me...
01:36:04.000 Well, I'm definitely a meathead.
01:36:05.000 Stop it, Joe.
01:36:05.000 Listen, I know me better than you know me.
01:36:08.000 That's true, but you're also less honest than you think on this particular topic.
01:36:11.000 It's part of your charm.
01:36:12.000 Now, look, when we hang out, we hang out usually in a comedy club or at somebody's house.
01:36:18.000 We don't say, hey, we're going to take the afternoon off and we're actually going to learn theoretical physics.
01:36:24.000 Right?
01:36:24.000 Right.
01:36:25.000 So when I went to a...
01:36:26.000 I did stand-up for the first time, as I told you, in Arizona.
01:36:29.000 I wish I was there.
01:36:30.000 Oh, it was insane, dude.
01:36:31.000 I wish I was there for that.
01:36:32.000 It was crazy.
01:36:33.000 Yeah, you're trying to explain fucking quarks to people.
01:36:40.000 There'd be some real humor in that if you could boil it down.
01:36:43.000 Yeah, three quirks go into a nuclear.
01:36:45.000 Yeah, there's like a way to do it.
01:36:46.000 I don't know.
01:36:47.000 There's a way to do it.
01:36:48.000 Okay.
01:36:49.000 Well, who was the guy who did the...
01:36:51.000 Some guy was doing...
01:36:52.000 Maybe it was Brian Callen who was doing quantum jokes.
01:36:55.000 What was he saying?
01:36:55.000 Do you remember?
01:36:56.000 I forgot.
01:36:56.000 He had a bunch of words that he did very, very quickly and it kind of hung together.
01:37:00.000 I was like, wait, what?
01:37:01.000 Yeah, that sounds like Brian.
01:37:02.000 He reads a lot.
01:37:04.000 He's a clever boy.
01:37:06.000 When I had to do my 10 minutes of stand-up, man, is that craft.
01:37:11.000 It's deep.
01:37:12.000 It's hard.
01:37:13.000 It's not just like telling jokes at a party.
01:37:16.000 You have to measure the way the audience's laugh comes, whether you're taking them along or you're going to divert.
01:37:21.000 All sorts of things that I never thought about before.
01:37:24.000 Do you know how you feel when you talk about the Hopf thing?
01:37:27.000 Yeah.
01:37:28.000 That it's a part of everything.
01:37:29.000 It's one of the most important things, and yet very few people know what it is.
01:37:33.000 Maybe a thousand people understand it on the whole world.
01:37:36.000 What's odd is that number is probably identical to the number of legitimate professional stand-up comedians in the world.
01:37:43.000 Yeah, yeah.
01:37:43.000 Small.
01:37:44.000 When I say legitimate, I mean someone who can craft a new hour every two years, who does Netflix specials, who headlines all over the country, travel all over the world and do stand-up.
01:37:54.000 It's an insanely small number of humans.
01:37:56.000 And not only that, my guess is that the number of people that you think are at the very top of that craft, like when I really think about who really knows theoretical physics, It's tiny as fuck.
01:38:08.000 It's smaller than 50. Yep.
01:38:10.000 Yep.
01:38:10.000 Guys that I would pay to see live or women that I'd pay to see live, it's less than 50. It's less than 50. Yeah.
01:38:16.000 And so part of our problem is that all of the stuff that humanity has developed...
01:38:25.000 I feel very vulnerable about that.
01:38:28.000 Theoretical physics has been faking that it's in a healthy state for a long time.
01:38:33.000 We are so vulnerable on the doorstep of actually cracking this puzzle, in my opinion.
01:38:40.000 Well, that's where our comparisons end, because pretty much anybody can do stand-up if you put enough time to it, if you're silly, if you figure out the craft.
01:38:47.000 But what you guys are doing is not just really rare, but also the barrier for entry, like the cost of entry, is exceptionally high.
01:38:58.000 Like, you have to spend an inordinate amount of time studying and understanding this stuff just to get to a base level of what you've been able to explain.
01:39:08.000 You've been able to explain, like, some really difficult concepts to the layperson that must have taken you fucking eons to learn and understand all your study of mathematics and of geometry and of all the...
01:39:23.000 Yeah, but I'm an imposter.
01:39:24.000 How so?
01:39:26.000 Well, I'm not a physicist.
01:39:27.000 Right, but you understand it.
01:39:28.000 Maybe you don't practice physics, but you understand it.
01:39:31.000 Well, no, it's something more audacious than that, which is that when you see a 10,000 hours only sign, only those who've done their 10,000 hours can come in.
01:39:46.000 My middle finger goes up.
01:39:48.000 I'm like, I bet it's not 10,000 hours.
01:39:50.000 Or if it is 10,000 hours, I'm willing to get 80% of the juice in that orange with like 10% of the effort.
01:39:57.000 Well, the 10,000 hours thing to me is, it's cute, but it doesn't factor in for phenoms.
01:40:06.000 There's a lot of people that come into anything, whatever it is, with some natural abilities that are pretty undeniable.
01:40:17.000 You know, that's a weird equation.
01:40:21.000 Take something very simple, like the harmonica.
01:40:25.000 Most people don't know that that sweet blues sound on a harmonica comes from not using it the way the manufacturer said, which is called straight harp, and using it instead the way African Americans figured it out, which is it's much cooler to base it around a hole that nobody was expecting to draw rather than for blow.
01:40:44.000 And that gives you a seventh chord that sounds like sweet blues music.
01:40:49.000 Oh, give me some of that.
01:40:50.000 Give me some of that.
01:40:51.000 All right.
01:40:52.000 I don't know how this will work.
01:41:10.000 That was You Gotta Move.
01:41:11.000 So what's the traditional way of using it?
01:41:13.000 What would it sound like?
01:41:21.000 That would be Carmen.
01:41:23.000 Boring as fuck.
01:41:24.000 White people music.
01:41:25.000 Boring as fuck.
01:41:26.000 White people music.
01:41:26.000 Goddammit, white people.
01:41:28.000 Carmen's alright.
01:41:29.000 But look, not my point.
01:41:31.000 Who knew when you get one of these things as a party favor as a kid...
01:41:35.000 There's not somebody who says, hey, don't do that thing where you put your mouth over it, I'll say, you know?
01:41:41.000 But who knew that that's the cooler sound?
01:41:43.000 Well, yeah, but the idea is that there's something called tongue blocking, there's something called cross harp, and there's something called the 1-4-5 progression with a scale that no music teacher ever taught you in grade school in piano.
01:41:54.000 All right, so there's four secrets.
01:41:57.000 And now, suddenly, the world opens up.
01:42:00.000 I mean...
01:42:02.000 When I opened for Jordan Peterson, Dave Rubin invited me and he said, you know, why don't you play a minute worth of harmonica at the Masonic Theater?
01:42:09.000 So for 2,500 people, I became Dave Rubin's talking harmonica monkey.
01:42:14.000 So I opened for Jordan Peterson and I said, you know, rule number zero, life is too short not to play the harmonica.
01:42:18.000 Everyone should learn to play the harmonica or know why they're not doing it.
01:42:22.000 There's this great thing in the Cal Berkeley fight song, we'll win the game or know the reason why.
01:42:27.000 If you don't play the harmonica, it's so nice.
01:42:31.000 It's so simple.
01:42:31.000 So few people do it.
01:42:32.000 There's so small number of secrets.
01:42:35.000 You have to have a reason because I can feed myself.
01:42:38.000 I can get housing, shelter.
01:42:39.000 I can meet people anywhere in the world.
01:42:41.000 All I have to do is carry around a piece of plastic with some metal on it.
01:42:44.000 Or you could be annoying.
01:42:46.000 Like a lot of people are like, turn that fucking guy off.
01:42:48.000 Why is he playing that goddamn harmonica?
01:42:50.000 I don't want to hear that.
01:42:51.000 Put it back in your pocket.
01:42:52.000 You go to your next trip.
01:42:53.000 You're already tainted in these people's estimation.
01:42:55.000 This guy's a tension whore out here playing music.
01:42:58.000 The harmonica ruined my life.
01:42:59.000 What's worse?
01:43:00.000 A harmonica or a guy who brings a guitar and starts singing folk songs at a party?
01:43:04.000 Oh, the Animal House effect.
01:43:05.000 Right.
01:43:06.000 Yeah.
01:43:06.000 Beat him over the head with the guitar.
01:43:07.000 Yeah, but if he can shred, he's going to be fine.
01:43:10.000 It's great if you're looking to hear someone shred.
01:43:13.000 That's not...
01:43:13.000 Okay.
01:43:14.000 All of these things are like options.
01:43:16.000 They're financial options.
01:43:17.000 You can exercise them or you cannot exercise them.
01:43:19.000 You don't have to exercise them.
01:43:20.000 But, I mean, there's an equal number of things that people would say that are like the harmonica.
01:43:24.000 Like, you should be able to do slam poetry.
01:43:28.000 Everyone should be able to do slam poetry.
01:43:30.000 If you can't do slam poetry, I can feed myself.
01:43:32.000 I can do slam poetry.
01:43:35.000 I'll show up at a party and everyone wants to hear slam poetry.
01:43:38.000 Is that true?
01:43:41.000 You're just trying to beat me, Joe.
01:43:43.000 You're so adorable.
01:43:47.000 It's fascinating to me that harmonicas are this little tiny thing that people...
01:43:54.000 There's not other ones, right?
01:43:56.000 Other things are like these big old trumpet-looking things.
01:43:59.000 Yeah.
01:44:00.000 Like a harmonica is this little thing.
01:44:01.000 Yeah.
01:44:02.000 Like how many little things do you blow that are that powerful in terms of the kind of music that it makes?
01:44:07.000 Exactly.
01:44:07.000 Isn't that weird?
01:44:08.000 It is weird.
01:44:09.000 There's no balls, right?
01:44:12.000 It's always that.
01:44:13.000 It's always that little candy bar-looking thing.
01:44:16.000 Like, there's nothing...
01:44:17.000 Like, no ball harmonica?
01:44:18.000 Is there anything comparable in terms of, like, musical instruments that is that little that has that kind of sound?
01:44:24.000 No, that's what it's optimized for.
01:44:25.000 But isn't that weird?
01:44:27.000 Yeah.
01:44:27.000 Like, there's tubas and there's other things that are similar, and then you get to, like, trombones and trumpets.
01:44:32.000 Everything kind of makes sense.
01:44:33.000 Then you got this little fucking thing, so a candy bar thing.
01:44:36.000 Right.
01:44:37.000 It's a mouth harp.
01:44:38.000 A mouth harp.
01:44:39.000 Ooh, what's that other one?
01:44:40.000 They boing, noing, noing, noing, noing.
01:44:42.000 They used to use in those old-timey movies.
01:44:44.000 Is that what it's called?
01:44:45.000 Boing, noing, noing.
01:44:47.000 No, there's like a weird word for it.
01:44:49.000 There's a weird word for that thing.
01:44:51.000 Jaw harp.
01:44:52.000 Jaw harp?
01:44:53.000 Yeah.
01:44:55.000 Maybe I'm thinking of a complete...
01:44:57.000 Okay, that's one.
01:44:59.000 Yeah, that's another weird one.
01:45:01.000 Or you can play the spoons.
01:45:03.000 Yeah.
01:45:03.000 Spoons are good.
01:45:04.000 Well, how about that fucking Australian one where they blow into that big tube?
01:45:08.000 Didgeridoo.
01:45:08.000 Didgeridoo.
01:45:09.000 Yeah, that one's the most ridiculous.
01:45:10.000 That is, like, how hard were those guys tripping when they came up with that sound?
01:45:14.000 Boy, oh, boy, oh.
01:45:18.000 Why, why, why, why?
01:45:19.000 Well, that's like tube and throat singing, dude.
01:45:21.000 That was good.
01:45:22.000 Thank you.
01:45:22.000 If you're on Haight-Ashbury and there's a dude...
01:45:25.000 And he's got one of them diggory-doos out and a fucking hat.
01:45:28.000 You're supposed to throw some money in there just out of respect.
01:45:30.000 This guy brought a goddamn diggory-do to the corner.
01:45:33.000 Well, you know, the coolest recent one.
01:45:35.000 That is crazy.
01:45:36.000 Give me some noise from this motherfucker.
01:45:38.000 That's 10 hours of it.
01:45:39.000 Just give me a little bit.
01:45:53.000 Yeah.
01:46:06.000 Well, there's also, I don't know if it's that one or something de vegetale, there's one of those similar Christian-based dimethyltryptamine, ayahuasca-type churches that they sing songs about Jesus.
01:46:19.000 They trip balls and sing songs about Jesus.
01:46:22.000 And what's really weird about DMT in particular, and I guess you could say the same of mushrooms, but mushrooms apparently when it synthesizes, it's real similar in chemical content to what dimethyltryptamine is.
01:46:38.000 I'm going to fuck this up, but I think it's NN-dimethyltryptamine is dimethyltryptamine, and then when it's synthesized, when the body processes Psilocybin, I think it produces something called 4-Fox-4-Aloxy-NN-dimethyltryptamine.
01:46:54.000 I think it's real close.
01:46:56.000 I might have fucked that up, but I think it's so close that it's like they're cousins.
01:47:00.000 Okay.
01:47:01.000 So, there's something about music in these things.
01:47:04.000 And one of the best ways to get out of a trip, if you're really tripping balls with mushrooms, is to sing your way out of it.
01:47:10.000 Really?
01:47:10.000 You can sing your way out of a bad trip.
01:47:12.000 You can actually control the trip with good music.
01:47:15.000 And one of the things that's really constant with DMT is these Icaros that these shaman will sing.
01:47:23.000 And these Icaros with the thimbles and a little bit of drum and these really rhythmic singing, it makes the hallucination dance in a really obvious, tangible way.
01:47:38.000 It moves around itself and it changes and guides the trip.
01:47:42.000 Well, that's what I've...
01:47:43.000 My hypothesis has been that it's some sort of a...
01:47:46.000 There it is.
01:47:46.000 That's one right there.
01:47:48.000 This is one I've personally experienced.
01:47:51.000 I've actually tripped listening to this song.
01:47:54.000 And it was like these geometric patterns, these entities that seemed to be conscious, they were like moving around.
01:48:01.000 This is the guy.
01:48:02.000 This is the ayahuasquero.
01:48:04.000 This is the shaman blowing tobacco.
01:48:06.000 This is part of the ritual.
01:48:07.000 They actually blow tobacco on you while you do that.
01:48:16.000 So this guy with just this little rattle and singing, and sometimes there's actual singing, not just whistling, but in their language, this beautiful, soft, rhythmic sort of song, and the hallucinations dance to the sound,
01:48:33.000 to this music.
01:48:33.000 Like they're supposed to dance to it, like they're a part of it.
01:48:36.000 It's not just that you're having music on top of the psychedelic experience, but that they merge.
01:48:42.000 They merge, and the psychedelic experience is 100% affected by this.
01:48:48.000 So it's not just that there's chemicals that are interacting with your brain.
01:48:52.000 You're doing something, too, by responding to that music, and then the music is doing something by enhancing the way your perception of this experience is, and all of it is dancing together like they belong together.
01:49:03.000 It's fascinating shit.
01:49:05.000 Yeah, I mean, my hypothesis has been that the music acts as a prosthesis to sort of lock you in because the experience is so powerful.
01:49:14.000 Yeah, I mean, maybe.
01:49:16.000 It's always a little bit weird.
01:49:19.000 Try to imagine somebody says, do you want a glass of scotch and a shaman to go with it?
01:49:24.000 You're like, what?
01:49:25.000 You probably need one.
01:49:27.000 Someone at a bar that's like, we're going to drink this.
01:49:30.000 We're going to drink this with good intentions.
01:49:32.000 No one's going to be grabbing anybody's dick.
01:49:34.000 No one's getting rude here.
01:49:37.000 There'll be no wedgies.
01:49:40.000 Nothing rude will be said.
01:49:42.000 You will think for a good solid five seconds before any hasty moves.
01:49:47.000 Let's understand that we're going to get great benefit from this in terms of our ability to be loose and to be silly and to enjoy each other's company.
01:49:56.000 But if a demon comes out during this time, you must address this demon personally, on your own.
01:50:03.000 Don't pull the demon out and throw it at the party.
01:50:06.000 This is good stuff.
01:50:07.000 But that's what happens.
01:50:09.000 Bad drunks, they're throwing that demon at you.
01:50:11.000 That thing where they figured out that if you put a worm in the mezcal stuff, it would be a great marketing device north of the border.
01:50:18.000 Because you just tell some story.
01:50:20.000 So now we're going to open...
01:50:21.000 Is that just what that is?
01:50:22.000 I think it's a marketing gimmick.
01:50:24.000 And then what we do is we found our own tequila company.
01:50:28.000 It's so exclusive that you can only buy it if you also hire a shaman for the event.
01:50:33.000 We'll make tons of money.
01:50:34.000 Yeah, and what if the worm actually was psychedelic?
01:50:38.000 Like, what if there was a way we could genetically engineer a worm to be intensely psychedelic?
01:50:43.000 Like, the worm literally is made out of ayahuasca.
01:50:47.000 Why don't we put a toad in the mezcal?
01:50:49.000 Well, don't they do weird shit like that, where they'll take tomatoes and they'll use fucking frog DNA in the tomato to make it live longer?
01:50:57.000 Isn't there some weird shit they're already doing with...
01:51:00.000 Oh, the cool stuff is the green fluorescent protein stuff.
01:51:02.000 You can have glow-in-the-dark rabbits.
01:51:04.000 And fish.
01:51:04.000 Turkey makes these.
01:51:05.000 Yes.
01:51:06.000 Yes.
01:51:06.000 Let's get some glow-in-the-dark bunnies, man.
01:51:08.000 They can do that.
01:51:09.000 Right?
01:51:10.000 There is something like that, right?
01:51:12.000 Jamie, do you have glow-in-the-dark rabbits?
01:51:14.000 No, but I do have the genetically modified potato with frog genes to resist pathogens.
01:51:20.000 Yeah, what in the holy fuck?
01:51:22.000 Yeah.
01:51:23.000 So, how weird is that?
01:51:26.000 GM potato uses frog gene to resist pathogens.
01:51:30.000 Like, that's real.
01:51:32.000 That's going on.
01:51:33.000 Can we do GFP rabbits?
01:51:37.000 So what were we on before this?
01:51:38.000 What were we talking about?
01:51:39.000 How we got to rabbits?
01:51:40.000 Making a tequila with a frog in it.
01:51:43.000 So what if we engineer that little worm to be like 100% DMT? 100% DMT worm.
01:51:50.000 You get down to that worm and whoever chugs to the bottom and chews on that worm just...
01:51:59.000 You immediately transform.
01:52:00.000 What the fuck am I watching?
01:52:02.000 These are these glowing rabbits?
01:52:04.000 Yeah.
01:52:04.000 That is so weird.
01:52:05.000 Dude, you've got hoverboards and archery stuff.
01:52:08.000 We need rabbits in this place.
01:52:10.000 We need glowing rabbits.
01:52:10.000 Here's a problem, man.
01:52:11.000 My kids have rabbits and they're cunts.
01:52:13.000 Those rabbits are little assholes.
01:52:15.000 They don't give a fuck about each other.
01:52:18.000 We have two of them.
01:52:19.000 It's so rude.
01:52:20.000 This is what happens.
01:52:21.000 They're both males, unfortunately.
01:52:22.000 Yeah.
01:52:22.000 Here's what happens when you get two male bunnies and you put them in a gigantic chicken coop.
01:52:26.000 They fuck each other up.
01:52:28.000 It's bunny UFC every day with these little assholes.
01:52:31.000 All they do is kick each other's ass.
01:52:33.000 They chase each other around this chicken coop and when they get a hold of each other, they bite each other and they kick each other.
01:52:40.000 They fuck each other up.
01:52:41.000 Because they're both boys, and they don't want a boy to be running shit.
01:52:45.000 Are these two bunnies fucking each other up?
01:52:47.000 Dude, this is what they do.
01:52:48.000 Bunnies are fucking ruthless to each other.
01:52:51.000 These two little assholes just chase each other all day long and beat the shit out of each other.
01:52:56.000 That's all they do.
01:52:58.000 Why don't you do commentary?
01:53:00.000 I'm not going to encourage their bad behavior.
01:53:04.000 One of them is actually missing.
01:53:06.000 Here's what happened.
01:53:08.000 Our chicken coop burnt down from the fire, but the chicken survived.
01:53:12.000 One of them got scorched.
01:53:13.000 They all got fucking PTSD. It's crazy.
01:53:15.000 I go near them.
01:53:17.000 But they're alive, right?
01:53:18.000 So we had to maneuver them and move them.
01:53:20.000 But one bunny's missing.
01:53:22.000 We found one bunny and one bunny's missing.
01:53:24.000 So I think it's better for the one bunny that survived and the one bunny that probably got jacked by an eagle or some shit.
01:53:29.000 That's a wrap, son.
01:53:30.000 You had a good life.
01:53:31.000 You beat the shit out of your friend for a year and a half solid, just kicking each other's ass.
01:53:36.000 It's fucking horrible.
01:53:37.000 The ears are totally jacked.
01:53:39.000 Their ears are shredded like an old bag.
01:53:41.000 It's a fight to the death that you missed.
01:53:43.000 I don't think so, because there's no body.
01:53:45.000 I think a bunny got out, and it probably ran away, or who knows what the fuck happened, and a coyote got it or some shit.
01:53:51.000 I mean, there's a lot of hawks, a lot of hawks in my neighborhood.
01:53:54.000 It's most likely a hawk.
01:53:55.000 Yeah.
01:53:55.000 Yeah, but whatever.
01:53:57.000 This one little bunny's by himself now.
01:53:59.000 He's like...
01:53:59.000 The other asshole.
01:54:01.000 They're both assholes to each other.
01:54:02.000 It's not like one good bunny.
01:54:03.000 They just find each other and they're like, fuck you.
01:54:06.000 Imagine just that's all you do for years.
01:54:09.000 That's bunny life.
01:54:10.000 You get two male bunnies together and every day is fuck you.
01:54:13.000 Fuck you!
01:54:14.000 Fuck you!
01:54:15.000 And they run at each other.
01:54:16.000 And one's always trying to get away.
01:54:18.000 One's always trying to eat and the other one will jump on them and start biting them and kicking them and the other one will do the same and they'll rotate.
01:54:23.000 You know, it's very funny.
01:54:25.000 The last two Jews in Afghanistan both had to live in the synagogue.
01:54:30.000 That was all they had left.
01:54:31.000 That's really all they had left?
01:54:32.000 And somebody went to go visit the last two Jews in Afghanistan and said, like, why aren't you guys friends?
01:54:41.000 And one of them says, here, I'll show you.
01:54:43.000 Hey, shmuel!
01:54:45.000 Want to have lunch?
01:54:46.000 The guy says, drop dead!
01:54:48.000 He says, you see what I'm working with?
01:54:50.000 And it's like the most Jewish conversation between the last two Jews.
01:54:53.000 They can't get along, so they're like the two rabbits that all the others went away.
01:54:56.000 Well, they're probably really horny and lonely and confused.
01:54:59.000 I suppose.
01:55:00.000 Yeah, I mean, what the fuck?
01:55:01.000 There's only two of them?
01:55:02.000 They need to get to Israel.
01:55:03.000 Stat!
01:55:03.000 Well, I think one of them died, and then the last one is just, who has to be the last guy?
01:55:09.000 Someone talk to them.
01:55:10.000 I know.
01:55:11.000 If it's possible for you to get to Jerusalem, that's your people.
01:55:14.000 You'll have a party over there.
01:55:16.000 Everything will be great.
01:55:17.000 Jewish food.
01:55:18.000 Everyone's speaking Hebrew.
01:55:20.000 Everyone's united.
01:55:21.000 Well, like the last three Jews of Kerala was this young woman and two guys.
01:55:25.000 No, neither one of you.
01:55:27.000 Forget this thing.
01:55:28.000 I know.
01:55:29.000 It's rough, man.
01:55:30.000 It's rough.
01:55:30.000 It's crazy to think there's a country with zero Jews.
01:55:34.000 Like, zero.
01:55:35.000 Yeah.
01:55:36.000 Yeah.
01:55:36.000 Like, nope.
01:55:37.000 The whole country.
01:55:38.000 Like, whoa.
01:55:39.000 Whoa.
01:55:40.000 That is kind of insane.
01:55:41.000 There's no melting pot here, sir.
01:55:42.000 Zero.
01:55:43.000 Zero melting.
01:55:44.000 Just one ingredient.
01:55:46.000 Whole pot.
01:55:47.000 It's all stew.
01:55:48.000 That's it.
01:55:48.000 Yeah, well, the Taliban actually really needed the Jewish community, because they wanted to be able to say, hey, we've got great relations with Afghanistan's Jewish community.
01:55:55.000 They just didn't say it was two guys.
01:55:57.000 Yeah.
01:55:57.000 Two dudes that hate each other.
01:55:59.000 Exactly.
01:56:00.000 Very polarizing.
01:56:01.000 True.
01:56:02.000 True.
01:56:02.000 I don't know how we got into...
01:56:03.000 Oh, glowing bunnies.
01:56:04.000 I'm not getting any fucking bunnies, man.
01:56:06.000 They're assholes.
01:56:06.000 And if you get a guy and a girl together, you've got to fix the girl.
01:56:09.000 Otherwise, you're going to have a million bunnies, and they're all going to be kicking each other's asses.
01:56:12.000 That's all they do.
01:56:13.000 The bunny apocalypse.
01:56:14.000 Well, what's really fucked up is reading about animals that fight right out of the womb.
01:56:22.000 How they kill their partner.
01:56:25.000 Obligate sibilicide.
01:56:26.000 Yeah.
01:56:27.000 Pull up obligate sibilicide in...
01:56:31.000 Nazca boobies.
01:56:33.000 What are those?
01:56:35.000 I'll put in Nazca boobie.
01:56:36.000 Do they live in the Nazca lines?
01:56:38.000 What are these boobies?
01:56:41.000 Jamie, help me out here.
01:56:42.000 We're hanging on the word boobie.
01:56:43.000 Nazca boobie.
01:56:44.000 How do you spell that?
01:56:46.000 N-A-Z-C-A. And then boobies, the usual way.
01:56:50.000 I'm trying to remember what I was reading about.
01:56:54.000 And then obligate sibilicide.
01:56:56.000 Got it.
01:56:56.000 When one animal comes out, the other one tries to kill the other one almost immediately.
01:57:00.000 Oh, hyenas.
01:57:02.000 Hyenas.
01:57:03.000 Hyenas, there's been evidence of hyenas attacking their sibling while it's in the ambionic sac.
01:57:13.000 And when they come out, the bigger one or the stronger one or whatever one's healthy will almost immediately start attacking its sibling and try to kill it.
01:57:23.000 Pull up that if that's true.
01:57:25.000 I'm pretty sure that's true.
01:57:26.000 I want to see boobies first.
01:57:27.000 I went into this crazy rabbit hole about hyenas recently.
01:57:32.000 What a bizarre animal that is.
01:57:35.000 Oh, the false penis?
01:57:37.000 Yeah, the false penis is just one aspect.
01:57:38.000 Yeah, everything about them.
01:57:40.000 20% of the women die.
01:57:41.000 Okay, here it goes.
01:57:42.000 Obligate sibilicide is when a sibling almost always ends up being killed.
01:57:47.000 Fugitive sibilicide means the suicide.
01:57:49.000 Oh, facultive.
01:57:51.000 Like it's a choice versus you've got to do it.
01:57:54.000 Facultative?
01:57:54.000 Facultative.
01:57:55.000 Facultative.
01:57:56.000 Facultative sibilicide means the sibilicide may or may not occur based on environmental conditions.
01:58:01.000 Okay.
01:58:02.000 So it sometimes will happen if there's not enough resources.
01:58:05.000 So the idea is that I think the breeding cycle is discretized.
01:58:09.000 So you either make it or you don't.
01:58:10.000 And so the danger of laying one egg and having it not work out is very...
01:58:16.000 Oh, this bird is fucking his brother up.
01:58:18.000 And it has to be in front of mom and dad because you want to prove that you're worthy.
01:58:22.000 Whoa, that is insane.
01:58:23.000 Right, so mommy...
01:58:24.000 Look at how he's beating it to death.
01:58:25.000 So this is because there's not enough food.
01:58:27.000 There's not enough food to do two.
01:58:29.000 So the first one...
01:58:30.000 The second one is a spare.
01:58:32.000 And the first one proves that he's worthy by killing his sibling, the spare, in front of the parents and says, yeah, you can invest in me.
01:58:40.000 I got this thing.
01:58:41.000 Jesus Christ.
01:58:42.000 And what kind of bird is this?
01:58:43.000 This is probably Nazca or blue-footed boobies is my guess.
01:58:46.000 That is insane.
01:58:47.000 It is insane.
01:58:48.000 It's hard to watch.
01:58:49.000 Well, this is what I said about biology.
01:58:50.000 Biology cares about your feelings.
01:58:52.000 And the mom doesn't give a fuck about her other baby.
01:58:54.000 No, no, no.
01:58:55.000 The mom wants.
01:58:56.000 Look.
01:58:56.000 The mom's excited.
01:58:57.000 This one's dying.
01:58:59.000 It's all fucked up.
01:59:00.000 And the mom's like, yeah, I like this.
01:59:01.000 Mom's excited.
01:59:01.000 Hey, the older one knows what it's doing.
01:59:03.000 He's viable.
01:59:04.000 Jesus Christ.
01:59:05.000 Well, nature's pretty brutal.
01:59:07.000 Pretty brutal?
01:59:08.000 Mm-hmm.
01:59:08.000 No, it's bizarre seeing this from, oh God, I don't want to see this thing slowly die, dude.
01:59:13.000 It's bizarre seeing it from birds, but I think it's even more ruthless.
01:59:17.000 Lions.
01:59:18.000 Yeah, hyenas.
01:59:19.000 Yeah, hyenas killing their siblings.
01:59:22.000 I think they were saying it's pretty universal, that when the first one comes out, they try to kill the second one.
01:59:26.000 You know this thing about female lions getting excited by the murder of their children?
01:59:31.000 Whoa.
01:59:32.000 So when the new male takes over the pride, his first order of business may be, let's stop wasting resources on the previous daddy's offspring.
01:59:43.000 So what happens is...
01:59:45.000 Same kind of thing.
01:59:47.000 The hyena gets out and immediately starts killing its sibling.
01:59:51.000 They're fighting to the death right out of the womb.
01:59:54.000 Look at this.
01:59:54.000 Fucking mad battle as babies.
01:59:57.000 Look, it's still got the sack on it.
01:59:59.000 And they're just trying to kill each other.
02:00:03.000 This is a particularly ruthless animal.
02:00:06.000 They were saying that 60% of hyenas die as they're trying to get out of the tube.
02:00:13.000 Wow.
02:00:14.000 What?
02:00:15.000 I didn't know that.
02:00:16.000 Yeah, 20% of women die, females rather, die when they're giving birth.
02:00:21.000 That's because of our crazy brain-to-body ratio.
02:00:24.000 No, female hyenas.
02:00:26.000 Oh.
02:00:26.000 That giant dick.
02:00:28.000 Sorry, I thought you were talking about...
02:00:30.000 High rates of human mortality?
02:00:32.000 No.
02:00:32.000 Female hyenas die 20% of the time when they're giving birth.
02:00:36.000 Because the baby doesn't come out right.
02:00:37.000 Like they have this crazy, you know, they have a faux penis that is actually a vagina.
02:00:42.000 It's an enormous, huge, engorged clitoris.
02:00:45.000 It's far bigger than the males.
02:00:46.000 They have to pull it back so the male can copulate with them.
02:00:49.000 But then when they give birth, it has to come out of that dick.
02:00:52.000 And it doesn't always come out right.
02:00:54.000 Weird system.
02:00:55.000 Yeah, Google that because I might be wrong about the numbers, but it's some exorbitant number of babies die and a huge number of women die.
02:01:04.000 I keep saying women.
02:01:05.000 Female hyenas die.
02:01:07.000 Yeah, that's why I fuck up.
02:01:08.000 But they're also weird in that they're way bigger than the males, and that's because the males won't let the babies eat.
02:01:14.000 So that's one of the things they think.
02:01:15.000 Because they're scavengers.
02:01:17.000 The males are trying to push out everything smaller.
02:01:19.000 So because of that, the females have to get in and go, fuck off!
02:01:22.000 The kid has to eat.
02:01:23.000 Even if it's their kid.
02:01:24.000 That's cool.
02:01:25.000 So it's 60% suffocate on their way out.
02:01:28.000 Yeah, so 60% of them die on the way out.
02:01:30.000 Yeah, and I think it's 20% of the females die during childbirth as well.
02:01:35.000 Pretty sure that's what I read.
02:01:37.000 Which is fucking bananas.
02:01:39.000 I mean, 60% though.
02:01:41.000 Imagine 60% of all kids die on the way out.
02:01:44.000 And then the ones that don't die, if you got two of them, one of them kills the other one.
02:01:49.000 It's a rough neighborhood.
02:01:51.000 It's a matriarchal society.
02:01:53.000 And they get birthed through that fake penis.
02:01:55.000 Yeah, that's what I'm saying.
02:01:55.000 What is the purpose of the fake penis?
02:01:58.000 The fake penis is to dominate the men.
02:01:59.000 They get on top of the men and they go, listen, bitch, this is how it's gonna be.
02:02:03.000 And they got a big old strap on.
02:02:05.000 They peg their men.
02:02:06.000 All male hyenas are cucks.
02:02:08.000 They all take it.
02:02:09.000 It's crazy.
02:02:10.000 It's crazy.
02:02:10.000 That's where we're heading is the country.
02:02:11.000 It's only an inch in diameter.
02:02:13.000 Really?
02:02:13.000 First canal.
02:02:14.000 Oof.
02:02:14.000 Jesus.
02:02:15.000 Ouch.
02:02:16.000 Tight squeeze.
02:02:17.000 That creates a high death rate for first-time mothers.
02:02:19.000 Yeah.
02:02:20.000 High death rate.
02:02:21.000 It doesn't say here how many, but...
02:02:22.000 I think it's 20%.
02:02:23.000 Have you ever seen the full human clitoris?
02:02:28.000 Yes.
02:02:28.000 I've seen one.
02:02:29.000 Have you?
02:02:30.000 No.
02:02:31.000 Not in the wild.
02:02:33.000 The full clitters?
02:02:34.000 No, I know.
02:02:35.000 I've never seen it like a biological...
02:02:37.000 Can you pull up the internal clitters?
02:02:40.000 Internal clitters.
02:02:41.000 I think it was only discovered...
02:02:42.000 Is it not allowed to be shown?
02:02:43.000 I was trying to quickly think about that.
02:02:45.000 Yeah, it'll probably get us in trouble.
02:02:47.000 Well, you could pull it up, but just don't show the world.
02:02:49.000 Just show us.
02:02:51.000 Okay.
02:02:51.000 I think if you put that on YouTube, we'll be demonetized and possibly kicked off the network.
02:02:56.000 You have to Google that yourself.
02:02:57.000 Yeah, Google it, you weirdo.
02:02:58.000 And be careful of the wrath of the government.
02:03:00.000 It's an enormous structure that I think we didn't fully understand.
02:03:04.000 I don't understand how we could have missed it, but my understanding was we didn't fully understand the internal clitoris.
02:03:11.000 Where it goes?
02:03:12.000 They're on the left below.
02:03:13.000 It looks exactly like the sort of space ships from War of the Worlds 1953. It's all that stuff on the outside?
02:03:21.000 All you see on the outside is that little tip at the top.
02:03:22.000 You better not show that, Jamie.
02:03:24.000 We're going to get in trouble.
02:03:26.000 They get mad at us.
02:03:28.000 Does that picture make you horny?
02:03:29.000 No?
02:03:30.000 Not at all?
02:03:31.000 It makes you afraid, doesn't it?
02:03:32.000 It seems like an alien.
02:03:33.000 Like it should shoot laser beams.
02:03:34.000 Like a facehugger.
02:03:35.000 Like that's the Ridley Scott alien, the facehugger.
02:03:39.000 Wah!
02:03:41.000 Look, it's very weird that we've just come to accept what the shape of the body is.
02:03:47.000 The body is very bizarre.
02:03:48.000 I mean, if we were all shaped like stingrays and we saw a person, we'd be like, what in the holy fuck is that thing?
02:03:54.000 Whether it's articulating fingers and moving its eyeballs around, sniffing things with its nostrils.
02:04:00.000 We just accept the fact that this shape is normal, that it makes sense.
02:04:05.000 Well, this is why cephalopods, from last time when we were talking about the cuttlefish, I just learned something new, which is that cephalopods are under consideration to be the next great model organism for biology.
02:04:18.000 So if you think about how weird it is that some branch of the phylogenetic tree is so far distant from us, that these mollusks have such advanced minds and their skin...
02:04:29.000 Is the wonder of the world, for sure.
02:04:32.000 Nobody knows quite how all of that...
02:04:35.000 Not only do they have these chromatophores to get the camouflage right, but they also change the texture of their skin to mimic things like coral and all this stuff.
02:04:44.000 Wouldn't it be cool if we made cephalopods the next great model organism and then we started doing comparative, like, not only neuroanatomy, but connectomics, where we're trying to study how their brains are organized?
02:04:56.000 Because they're so far away, they are probably...
02:04:59.000 The closest we will ever get to meeting aliens.
02:05:02.000 I think I said that the last time I was here.
02:05:03.000 And I'm really excited if that goes forward.
02:05:06.000 Well, it really doesn't seem like anything else.
02:05:08.000 Right.
02:05:09.000 You know, whether it's a cuttlefish or whether it's an octopus.
02:05:11.000 Like, you're like, oh, it's kind of like a squid.
02:05:13.000 Like, yeah, a little bit.
02:05:16.000 Like, a person's like a monkey.
02:05:18.000 Yeah, but like real different.
02:05:19.000 Well, and the Nautilus is like the craziest, you know, maybe.
02:05:22.000 The Cuttlefish is the most interesting for sure.
02:05:24.000 They're both fast.
02:05:25.000 And the Octopus is like, you know, so intelligent.
02:05:27.000 Right.
02:05:28.000 And they regenerate.
02:05:29.000 That's another part of it that's bizarre.
02:05:32.000 Yeah.
02:05:33.000 Well, it would be fun to do I mean, I would imagine that newts and salamanders in the tetrapod category would be the best for us to study for regeneration.
02:05:41.000 I like how they regenerate up to a point.
02:05:43.000 Like, nature will say, yeah, you can grow an arm back, can't grow a head back.
02:05:46.000 Sorry, fuckface.
02:05:47.000 That's a wrap.
02:05:47.000 Yeah.
02:05:48.000 You know, you lose your head, nature's like, ah, you gave up a big piece.
02:05:52.000 You gave up the queen.
02:05:54.000 It's over.
02:05:55.000 Yeah.
02:05:55.000 Game's over.
02:05:56.000 But if you lose your tail, like, it's debatable.
02:05:59.000 Do you grow your tail back?
02:06:00.000 We could do that.
02:06:01.000 I think lizards grow their tailback, but they only grow most of it.
02:06:05.000 They don't grow the whole thing.
02:06:06.000 But the newts and salamanders seem to have this very high regeneration.
02:06:10.000 You can just keep cutting an arm off over and over again.
02:06:12.000 There it is.
02:06:13.000 But you can't cut their head off.
02:06:14.000 Yeah.
02:06:15.000 Why do you want to cut their head off?
02:06:16.000 I don't, but just saying, it's weird.
02:06:18.000 You can't chop them in half from the waist down.
02:06:22.000 They don't seal up and grow a new waist.
02:06:24.000 That's it.
02:06:25.000 You can only get rid of the limbs.
02:06:26.000 But you can get rid of the limbs.
02:06:29.000 Nature has evolved a strategy for dealing with predation.
02:06:33.000 Just give him the arm.
02:06:34.000 Give him the arm.
02:06:34.000 Take it.
02:06:35.000 Pop.
02:06:35.000 What do you make of the fact that we had this successful head transplant in monkeys in the early 70s?
02:06:41.000 And then we walked away from it.
02:06:43.000 Probably a good move.
02:06:44.000 Otherwise, chicks at Beverly Hills, they'd be getting new bodies.
02:06:47.000 Just getting their heads screwed on to new bodies.
02:06:49.000 Yeah, getting new heads.
02:06:51.000 Yeah, people would figure out a way to transplant their brains.
02:06:54.000 Everyone wants to lift forever.
02:06:55.000 Imagine just having an 800-year-old brain and 20-year-old motorcycle victim.
02:07:01.000 Yeah, that's what people are going to start doing.
02:07:04.000 Well, then I guess it's a good thing that we walked.
02:07:06.000 I thought it was kind of a weird move that we would succeed at that and then say, okay, too much.
02:07:11.000 Can't handle it.
02:07:12.000 Do you think that's what they did?
02:07:14.000 Yeah.
02:07:14.000 Or was it probably hard to get funding?
02:07:15.000 People thought you were playing God?
02:07:17.000 The guy who did it, I think, was, maybe his name was Robert White, and he was a devout Christian, so it was really, it was good, because, you know, there was a lot of this reverence for the human form, and if a religious person is doing it, we feel better than if somebody is, like,
02:07:32.000 desecrating.
02:07:33.000 Right, right, some atheist asshole scientist who doesn't, there is no God.
02:07:38.000 I bet he's cutting heads off of dogs and reattaching them to monkeys.
02:07:42.000 Yeah, that's also like we think of it as like, okay, it's one thing if you're trying out medicine on a monkey that might save babies, but it's another thing if you just say, hey, what happens if I cut this monkey's head off?
02:07:53.000 Stick it on another monkey.
02:07:55.000 Well, there's all this crazy, I don't know if you've ever seen this, the Russians had this film introduced by J.B.S. Haldane, a great English biologist who was also a communist and therefore very pro-Soviet.
02:08:06.000 And there's this experiment, experiments in continuation of the brain after death.
02:08:15.000 And they hook up the head to an artificial circulatory system.
02:08:20.000 And they sort of continue to have interactions where they swab the head and they get the eyelash movement and the tongue comes out to lick and eat things.
02:08:29.000 It's quite interesting.
02:08:30.000 I would recommend it.
02:08:32.000 Yeah.
02:08:32.000 Al Dane has one of the greatest quotes.
02:08:35.000 Not only is the universe queerer than you suppose, it's queerer than we can suppose.
02:08:40.000 What a great quote.
02:08:41.000 He was also the inordinate fondness of Beatles guy.
02:08:44.000 Inordinate fondness of beetles?
02:08:45.000 The Archbishop of Canterbury found himself, I think, seated across from Haldane and wanted to needle him because he was a communist atheist.
02:08:55.000 And he said, you know, tell me, what does your study of the biological world inform us about our great creator?
02:09:03.000 And Haldane shot him back.
02:09:04.000 He said that he has an inordinate fondness for beetles because beetles are so highly speciated.
02:09:09.000 And what was his reaction to that?
02:09:12.000 Well, I think it was a different era.
02:09:13.000 It's like, smoked, burned, but to our way of thinking, it's not that hard of a burn.
02:09:19.000 Well, we're really committed to the idea that all the stuff that we can do, manipulating the planet, sending rockets into space, that that's more important than what an ant does.
02:09:29.000 We're really committed to this, that our significance, although it's clearly, if we're working together, we believe in a sense of community, it's more important to each other, to us, it is, but to the whole thing, is it really more important?
02:09:41.000 Yeah.
02:09:42.000 I mean, if people didn't exist, if we were wiped off the planet, all the other animals would be okay.
02:09:47.000 They really would be okay.
02:09:48.000 I mean, we would gain and lose, be more predators, and we wouldn't be controlling the population.
02:09:54.000 But if all the ants went away, that would be a wrap.
02:09:59.000 That would be a wrap.
02:10:01.000 We're done.
02:10:01.000 There's no more people.
02:10:03.000 This has been widely decided that if we lost all insects, especially all ants, it probably would collapse all the ecosystems that we need to sustain human life.
02:10:14.000 I have the feeling that those water bear tardigrades would be like...
02:10:18.000 Suckers!
02:10:18.000 We got rid of the ants.
02:10:19.000 We're the only ones left!
02:10:20.000 Well, we wouldn't be able to make it, but a lot of shit would make it.
02:10:24.000 A lot of other stuff would make it.
02:10:25.000 That's true, but, you know, the thing I think...
02:10:28.000 Maybe we'd make it anyway.
02:10:29.000 Maybe they're wrong.
02:10:30.000 Yeah?
02:10:30.000 Maybe they just don't understand human originality.
02:10:32.000 Trying to freak us out?
02:10:33.000 Yeah, maybe.
02:10:34.000 Read that.
02:10:34.000 Find out if that's true.
02:10:36.000 If all ants...
02:10:37.000 If all ants died...
02:10:39.000 Human beings would go extinct.
02:10:41.000 Just Google that.
02:10:42.000 I think I read a paper proposing that, and they were explaining the critical role that ants play in all these different ecosystems and how the biomass of ants worldwide is equal to or greater than the biomass of human beings.
02:10:57.000 Okay.
02:10:59.000 I don't have any intuition around that.
02:11:01.000 Yeah.
02:11:02.000 Sounds reasonable enough.
02:11:03.000 I'm pretty sure that's true.
02:11:04.000 And so, but our idea is that we're more important.
02:11:07.000 Well, I have cable.
02:11:08.000 Yeah.
02:11:09.000 Yeah.
02:11:09.000 That's not why I think we're more important.
02:11:11.000 I have 4G. Do you have 4G? Okay, maybe that's more important.
02:11:15.000 I have a 70-inch television!
02:11:17.000 And I have an iWatch.
02:11:20.000 Yeah.
02:11:21.000 I must be more important than this stupid fucking ant with his dirt house.
02:11:26.000 If I can just piss on your house while I go jogging, I'm a more important thing than you.
02:11:32.000 Yeah, I don't...
02:11:34.000 I don't know.
02:11:35.000 I drown half your people by pissing on you?
02:11:37.000 Okay.
02:11:38.000 Obviously, nature doesn't want to protect you.
02:11:40.000 You get your house in the dirt.
02:11:42.000 It's a hole on a mound.
02:11:44.000 Okay.
02:11:45.000 I don't know why I want to get serious on you.
02:11:46.000 You're just trying to fuck with me.
02:11:48.000 But the really interesting thing about humans is that we're the only species that understands what game we're in, and we can reject the game.
02:11:56.000 Every other species is playing the game.
02:11:58.000 So you know my brother very well.
02:12:02.000 Very surprising to me that my brother only wanted to have two kids and didn't want to spend all his time down at the sperm bank making donations.
02:12:09.000 I said, you're an evolutionary theorist.
02:12:11.000 Do you ever think it's kind of weird that you're not playing this game very effectively?
02:12:15.000 And he shot me back this thing.
02:12:16.000 He said, if you actually understand the game, why would you want to continue to play it?
02:12:21.000 I thought that was really interesting that somebody who...
02:12:25.000 Sounds like his wife doesn't want any more kids.
02:12:28.000 That's what I hear.
02:12:29.000 Rationalizations.
02:12:30.000 I get it, bro.
02:12:32.000 Yeah.
02:12:33.000 The article I found says all insects dying, not just ants.
02:12:37.000 All insects.
02:12:38.000 It would take 50 years for people to disappear after that, according to this Science Explorer article.
02:12:44.000 Find out the biomass of ants.
02:12:47.000 That's even trippier.
02:12:51.000 But I want to get rid of this anti-human thing.
02:12:54.000 Oh, I'm not anti-human.
02:12:55.000 I know.
02:12:55.000 I know you're human.
02:12:56.000 I'm just neutral.
02:12:57.000 Biologically neutral.
02:12:58.000 If I just looked at it objectively.
02:13:00.000 Yeah, I don't think so.
02:13:01.000 I said, you don't think so.
02:13:02.000 You think we're more significant because we're more significant to each other.
02:13:05.000 Well, there's no significance in the whole game if you just take a completely materialist.
02:13:08.000 Like, what do we care?
02:13:09.000 It's one rock, one speck, big deal.
02:13:11.000 Right.
02:13:11.000 So the problem is if you accept that as an answer, then you've kind of failed by just taking the nihilist way out.
02:13:20.000 Sure.
02:13:20.000 And to me, Like, you know, they have this annual question at edge.org and finally a guy got exhausted and didn't want to ask another one.
02:13:28.000 So I'll finish this up quick.
02:13:30.000 Here.
02:13:31.000 I'm sorry.
02:13:32.000 No, you want to take it?
02:13:33.000 Ants outweigh humans.
02:13:35.000 Individual workers weigh an average between one to five milligrams according to the species.
02:13:39.000 When combined, all ants in the world taken together weigh about as much as all human beings.
02:13:46.000 That's interesting.
02:13:46.000 Does that sound right?
02:13:47.000 Wow.
02:13:48.000 Yeah, that's what I'm saying.
02:13:49.000 That's fucking bananas.
02:13:52.000 Woo!
02:13:53.000 They are 15 to 20% of the terrestrial animal biomass.
02:13:59.000 And in tropical regions, where ants are especially abundant, they monopolize 25% or more.
02:14:06.000 Ooh.
02:14:08.000 Hymenoptera.
02:14:08.000 I have a buddy of mine, Brian Callan.
02:14:10.000 Brian Callan used to, when he was in college, he spent some time in the jungle.
02:14:15.000 He was thinking he was going to be a biologist.
02:14:17.000 He was going to study insect.
02:14:19.000 He was going to be an What is it?
02:14:21.000 An insectivore?
02:14:22.000 So, they had to sleep in these elevated tents, and they had to paint some sort of turpentine-type chemical all over the posts, because if they didn't, the ants would crawl up the posts and eat you in your sleep.
02:14:38.000 Like, literally climb in your ear and start eating you, and tell everybody, and you would die that way.
02:14:44.000 Like, people have died from elephants.
02:15:00.000 We're good to go.
02:15:12.000 Well, because they're not really separate animals, right?
02:15:15.000 They're eusocial.
02:15:16.000 Hymenoptera has this weird property of this haplodiploid structure so that the females are highly related to each other.
02:15:22.000 And so in the same way that your cells aren't individual animals, they all conspire to create you, there is a sense in which in this world of bees and ants and wasps and things, Hymenoptera, The real entity is the colony.
02:15:41.000 It's not the individual.
02:15:43.000 So, you know, if I took a cytological approach to you, and I just went cell by cell, you know, you're this collection of, you know, 10 or 50 trillion separate entities.
02:15:55.000 And that's what makes ants so terrifying, is that, you know, Kropakian, the great anarchist...
02:16:02.000 Sort of an amateur naturalist.
02:16:03.000 And he would look to natural systems and say, why can't humans cooperate like this?
02:16:09.000 And the point is, we're not structured to cooperate in this eusocial fashion.
02:16:15.000 The way they cooperate is so uncanny.
02:16:17.000 When those leafcutter ants design those intricate cities, they have places where things ferment and where gases are released through holes in the ground.
02:16:28.000 And it doesn't make any sense that this little tiny brain could figure out this enormous structure.
02:16:34.000 But somehow or another, when combined...
02:16:37.000 It's not a tiny brain.
02:16:38.000 Right.
02:16:38.000 Not just one version of this, but millions and millions of these designs appear all over the world.
02:16:46.000 And see if you can find that video of they filled a leafcutter ant colony.
02:16:51.000 They filled the home.
02:16:53.000 With molten metal?
02:16:54.000 Yeah, it was something like that.
02:16:55.000 And they pull out these crazy structures.
02:16:57.000 It's beautiful.
02:16:58.000 I think they flooded it with concrete.
02:17:00.000 They flooded concrete in all the holes.
02:17:02.000 And then they dug out everything around it so you could see the structure.
02:17:06.000 And then they explained what...
02:17:08.000 This is really well thought out.
02:17:11.000 They have portals.
02:17:13.000 This is how they get the food in.
02:17:14.000 And this is where they take the leaves.
02:17:16.000 And they let them rot.
02:17:18.000 And they turn into mulch.
02:17:19.000 And there's a gas release.
02:17:21.000 It's a distributed, loosely coupled system.
02:17:23.000 What makes it seem so amazing – I mean, it is utterly amazing.
02:17:27.000 But if you think about it as individuals making decisions that conspire to create these structures, it's less – it's – I think?
02:17:59.000 In what other systems do you suppress the fertility of females because the relatedness is so high?
02:18:06.000 This is gorgeous.
02:18:07.000 Yeah, this is the video we're talking about.
02:18:09.000 It's really huge, too.
02:18:12.000 And they have these...
02:18:14.000 Looks like tunnel systems, and then they lead to these big circular areas where they're really almost uniform in size.
02:18:22.000 It's a really strange way, or similar in size.
02:18:26.000 So they have these pathways that go to these like rooms, these circular rooms, and there's just This incredible network of these tubes and circular rooms that they uncover.
02:18:40.000 I mean, it's fucking enormous.
02:18:41.000 When you look at how big this thing, I mean, if you had to, like, how big is that?
02:18:46.000 What is that?
02:18:46.000 80 feet across?
02:18:47.000 90 feet across or something like that?
02:18:50.000 Good guess.
02:18:51.000 So they're continuing to dig this up.
02:18:52.000 They're not even done in this video here, but you see all the pipes that extend to the left and to the right.
02:18:57.000 So they've developed some sort of complex civilization, some weird, bizarre network of these passageways and rooms, and they do it just like this everywhere.
02:19:11.000 So some pattern has emerged in their species that has set them up to act as this collective group and then operate in this similar fashion all over the world, wherever they exist, with that kind of dirt they can manipulate like that.
02:19:29.000 That alone is a massive mystery.
02:19:33.000 You have a little tiny thing with a brain that's almost imperceptibly small.
02:19:39.000 It's just like a tiny little head.
02:19:41.000 Look at his little head.
02:19:42.000 How does he figure out that hole?
02:19:44.000 How does he figure out tunnels?
02:19:46.000 But he's not really.
02:19:46.000 They're not.
02:19:47.000 Well, this is what I'm trying to get at.
02:19:48.000 They're working together.
02:19:50.000 Okay, so if you look at, for example, C. elegans, the nematode with 1,000 cells for the entire body plan, 300 of which are neurons, we have a complete map not only of the cell lineage diagram, which is how this thing unfolds from a single fertilized egg,
02:20:07.000 But we also have a complete wiring diagram of its nervous system.
02:20:11.000 So this is something that locomotes, it moves around, it eats, has sex, and it's only got 300 neurons.
02:20:19.000 Each of those is an extremely primitive machine, and they send signals to each other.
02:20:23.000 And we still don't know how the thing really works, even though we've got the entire thing mapped.
02:20:28.000 Jesus.
02:20:29.000 This was the great insight of Sidney Brenner that we would make the worm the great model organism because we could actually map everything about it, right?
02:20:42.000 And it is astounding to me how little we've learned.
02:20:45.000 We've learned a ton from it.
02:20:47.000 But I had thought that we would have gotten much farther in understanding the brain Did you see this recent discovery of a 25-foot-long sea worm that apparently is not just one organism?
02:21:02.000 It's like many organisms together combined?
02:21:07.000 No.
02:21:08.000 Yeah.
02:21:08.000 I gotta find out about that.
02:21:10.000 Yeah, you gotta see this fucking thing.
02:21:12.000 It's insane.
02:21:14.000 And I think this is a very recent discovery, at least one this large.
02:21:18.000 And these guys are swimming around with this thing.
02:21:21.000 It looks impossible.
02:21:23.000 It looks like they landed on another planet, and they're experiencing this thing.
02:21:29.000 Like, this thing, whatever this is, I'm pretty sure that what I read, I read it really quickly as I was running out the door, that it exists.
02:21:38.000 Large, 8-meter worm-like sea creature stuns New Zealand divers.
02:21:44.000 So they're looking at this thing.
02:21:45.000 But I think there's many different organisms inside of it.
02:21:48.000 I don't think it's one individual organism.
02:21:51.000 Yeah.
02:21:52.000 It's made up of hundreds of thousands of organisms.
02:21:55.000 I've never seen this.
02:21:57.000 Yeah.
02:21:57.000 Like, what?
02:21:59.000 What is it?
02:22:00.000 Like, what does that mean?
02:22:03.000 This is a weird tube.
02:22:04.000 For folks that are watching this, or listening to this, rather, what we're looking at is these divers that are just tripping balls here.
02:22:10.000 They're like, what in the fuck is this?
02:22:12.000 And it looks like an enormous tube-like jellyfish-type creature that's in the water.
02:22:19.000 It almost looks semi-translucent, right, would you say?
02:22:21.000 And it's dwarfing them.
02:22:23.000 It's enormous.
02:22:24.000 It's so big.
02:22:25.000 It's like the size...
02:22:27.000 Well, it moves and changes, but sometimes it's larger than a human waist or a human chest, and other times it gets real skinny, but it's fucking huge.
02:22:39.000 Like, look at that.
02:22:40.000 What is that thing?
02:22:42.000 I'm stunned.
02:22:44.000 Well, the fact that it's...
02:22:45.000 Like, I don't understand what they're saying, that it's made up of hundreds of thousands of organisms.
02:22:49.000 Like, how is it made up of different stuff?
02:22:51.000 Like, what is it?
02:22:52.000 Like, have you ever heard of anything like this?
02:22:54.000 Well, like the Portuguese Man of War, I think, is like five different organisms, isn't it?
02:22:59.000 Is it?
02:22:59.000 That collaborate in effect.
02:23:02.000 Really?
02:23:02.000 The Portuguese Man of War is not like a one thing?
02:23:06.000 Look at the size of that thing above the water.
02:23:10.000 That is fucking crazy.
02:23:13.000 Pyrosome.
02:23:16.000 Just whatever the ocean is.
02:23:18.000 We're trying to look into space.
02:23:20.000 I wonder if there's aliens out there.
02:23:22.000 They're right there!
02:23:23.000 They're right fucking there!
02:23:25.000 Whether it's cuttlefish or octopus or this goddamn thing.
02:23:29.000 Whoa!
02:23:32.000 Pyrosome.
02:23:32.000 What the fuck?
02:23:33.000 That thing looks like a geometric pattern.
02:23:36.000 That's a nice smooth one.
02:23:38.000 Look at that one in the upper right-hand corner, Jamie.
02:23:40.000 What is that weird-looking fucking...
02:23:41.000 What is that thing?
02:23:43.000 60 feet long.
02:23:44.000 60 foot long jet-powered animal.
02:23:46.000 Oh God, it's like a civilization.
02:23:49.000 It's like a ship of these things flying through the ocean.
02:23:52.000 What?
02:23:53.000 Have you ever seen this before?
02:23:55.000 What the fuck is that?
02:23:56.000 That is so weird looking.
02:23:59.000 Come on, man.
02:24:00.000 That looks like something from Avatar, doesn't it?
02:24:02.000 Yeah.
02:24:02.000 It totally does, right?
02:24:04.000 Like something that comes off that tree.
02:24:06.000 Hopefully put it in the new movie.
02:24:07.000 Yeah, call James Cameron.
02:24:10.000 Look at this thing!
02:24:12.000 So this is what those things are, but the other one is very smooth or it's low resolution and we can't get a really good look at it.
02:24:18.000 But that's what it is.
02:24:19.000 It's this collective group of hundreds of thousands of organisms that combine together and they're getting jacked by that turtle.
02:24:26.000 All you bitches.
02:24:30.000 What a weird, weird organism.
02:24:33.000 Look at that!
02:24:34.000 Look at this picture!
02:24:36.000 What if you stuck your arm in it?
02:24:37.000 Dude, how bizarre is it that there's a civilization of these things all combined, but what they are is individuals that operate as a giant tube?
02:24:51.000 You've never heard of this before?
02:24:52.000 No.
02:24:52.000 I'm so happy we found something you don't know about.
02:24:55.000 I feel the same way about your stuff, man.
02:24:58.000 That's a fucking weird one, man.
02:25:00.000 The idea that the ocean is really an alien world.
02:25:04.000 Yeah.
02:25:04.000 Well, the funniest part is when you hear these guys with their remote submersibles and they find some new life for them.
02:25:12.000 Yeah.
02:25:13.000 They're like, take me down three meters.
02:25:16.000 Wait, what is that?
02:25:19.000 They get really excited because it's...
02:25:22.000 It's the ability to meet aliens.
02:25:24.000 There are new things.
02:25:25.000 Yeah.
02:25:25.000 I mean, we've kind of sort of mapped out the biology.
02:25:29.000 Terrestrial stuff, more or less-ish.
02:25:31.000 Yeah, there's like a few weird things you find in the jungle, weird bugs.
02:25:34.000 Like, where's that?
02:25:35.000 Vietnam has some surprises for us.
02:25:37.000 Deer with fangs.
02:25:38.000 You ever seen those?
02:25:40.000 Oh, the Sulawesi boars?
02:25:42.000 No, the deer.
02:25:43.000 Vampire deer.
02:25:44.000 I don't know.
02:25:44.000 I don't know about vampire deer.
02:25:46.000 It's the craziest looking thing ever.
02:25:47.000 It's deer with fangs.
02:25:49.000 Like crocodile looking fangs that come hanging down like this.
02:25:53.000 This is some jackalope thing.
02:25:55.000 No, it's not.
02:25:55.000 It's a weird little animal.
02:25:57.000 It's not a big deer either.
02:25:58.000 Well, do you know, look at that thing.
02:26:01.000 Vampire deer.
02:26:03.000 That's a real animal.
02:26:04.000 Look at that.
02:26:06.000 How fucking strange.
02:26:08.000 What was in this coffee, Jamie?
02:26:10.000 Look at that thing.
02:26:12.000 Look at the fucking teeth on that thing.
02:26:15.000 It's probably something akin to their antlers.
02:26:19.000 They use it to defend themselves.
02:26:20.000 Okay, that's not real.
02:26:21.000 That one's not real.
02:26:22.000 Because that's a mule deer.
02:26:24.000 See that one?
02:26:25.000 That's some Photoshop bullshit.
02:26:27.000 What's interesting is, apparently, elk have these things called...
02:26:32.000 People call them ivories now.
02:26:34.000 But what they are is, at one point in time, they had tusks.
02:26:38.000 Yeah.
02:26:38.000 Like a boar.
02:26:39.000 Yeah.
02:26:39.000 Like giant tusks that probably aided them in their fights.
02:26:42.000 Yeah.
02:26:42.000 And they eventually shrank, and now they're just this weird sort of nubby thing.
02:26:48.000 I actually have some here.
02:26:50.000 I'll show it to you.
02:26:50.000 Yeah?
02:26:51.000 Yeah.
02:26:51.000 After the podcast, I'll show them to you.
02:26:53.000 But they're this weird thing that's like not quite a tooth.
02:26:57.000 It's ivory.
02:26:58.000 It grows inside their head.
02:27:00.000 And at one point in time, it was some kind of a weapon, just like their head is.
02:27:03.000 I mean, the antlers are, you know, that's the largest...
02:27:07.000 How did we describe this?
02:27:08.000 What was the quickest growing...
02:27:12.000 Thing in the animal world is the antlers of an elk.
02:27:17.000 Okay.
02:27:17.000 Because look how fucking huge they are.
02:27:18.000 They fall off every year and they grow back every year.
02:27:21.000 And it's all just for fighting.
02:27:23.000 And they used to grow back tusks, too.
02:27:25.000 I guess the tusks were permanent.
02:27:27.000 But it's just for duking it out.
02:27:30.000 Yeah.
02:27:32.000 It's crazy weaponry.
02:27:33.000 Sexual selection.
02:27:50.000 Where it counts.
02:27:51.000 And so if you have really impressive weaponry, you're not able to do quite as much.
02:28:00.000 And that may be the engine of speciations because the vagina and penis in that system is a lock and key.
02:28:07.000 And so if something shrinks too much, then you can't necessarily get the job done.
02:28:17.000 Yeah.
02:28:23.000 Kind of a Genghis Khan of the dung beetle world.
02:28:25.000 The patriarchy in the dung beetle world.
02:28:28.000 Look at the size of the antler on that guy.
02:28:30.000 Yeah.
02:28:30.000 Girls make fun of him.
02:28:31.000 Probably in the dung beetle world.
02:28:33.000 Look at the size of the antler.
02:28:35.000 He's like the guy with the Lamborghini.
02:28:37.000 Exactly.
02:28:37.000 Like, what's he doing over there with these giant...
02:28:40.000 He looks like elk antlers.
02:28:42.000 He probably has a tiny little dick.
02:28:44.000 You want a guy who's just got little...
02:28:46.000 Like that guy.
02:28:47.000 Probably hung like a roach.
02:28:50.000 Right?
02:28:51.000 Hey, I have a hunting question for you.
02:28:53.000 I started looking into this primitive hunting thing.
02:28:55.000 I was positively predisposed towards hunting.
02:28:59.000 And I turned myself off of...
02:29:02.000 I mean, I don't hunt, but I turned myself off of hunting.
02:29:14.000 Right.
02:29:17.000 Right.
02:29:26.000 That there is something weird about the affect of attracting some beautiful bear to a kind of easy place to kill it and then just getting super excited about it.
02:29:38.000 Well, your natural instincts, there's a reason for them, and you're most certainly correct.
02:29:43.000 It's a weird feeling, the idea that you're going to trick this bear into thinking he's going there to eat, and then you kill him.
02:29:50.000 Bear hunting is different than any other kind of hunting.
02:29:53.000 And first of all, there's a lot of emotional attachment to it because people love teddy bears and things along those lines.
02:29:58.000 But bears are...
02:30:11.000 Right.
02:30:22.000 They're also responsible for the death of at least 50% of undulate calves and fawns, whether it's moose cows.
02:30:31.000 Assume I don't have any of these issues.
02:30:32.000 So they also are really difficult to hunt.
02:30:35.000 And their populations, thought by wildlife biologists, are important to keep under control.
02:30:40.000 Assume I buy all of that.
02:30:41.000 So in areas of extreme density, like forests, you will not kill them unless you bait.
02:30:48.000 You will not.
02:30:49.000 So one of two things has to happen.
02:30:51.000 Either they have to use dogs, which is what they used to use a lot.
02:30:53.000 They used to use them in California until the 1990s.
02:30:56.000 They outlawed hound hunting.
02:30:57.000 And then they outlawed baiting around the same time.
02:31:01.000 What they essentially did in California is they outlawed bear hunting.
02:31:05.000 But they didn't.
02:31:06.000 You can still hunt bears, but it's extremely difficult.
02:31:08.000 Almost impossible with a bow or very, very unlikely.
02:31:11.000 Your rate of success would be extremely low.
02:31:13.000 If you want to control populations, if you like to eat moose and deer or you want to have them keep healthy populations and you don't want the bear encroaching on these rural homes and these areas, you have to control their populations.
02:31:27.000 And there's very few other ways to control their populations other than baiting them.
02:31:33.000 So assume that I was positively predisposed to hunting.
02:31:35.000 I do think that they're beautiful creatures.
02:31:37.000 I think they're emotional creatures.
02:31:38.000 But I understand.
02:31:40.000 Yeah.
02:31:40.000 They're all beautiful.
02:31:41.000 I mean, I think even frogs are beautiful.
02:31:44.000 They're fascinating.
02:31:45.000 It's the affect that freaked me out.
02:31:47.000 It should.
02:31:48.000 It's a weird form of trickery, and we don't think it's sporting, right?
02:31:52.000 But the idea is that if you really want to control their populations, you have to accept that this is a necessary evil.
02:31:59.000 So then I grasp that.
02:32:01.000 It's still at the level – the thing that surprised me Was that the affect wasn't the expected affect of the hunter...
02:32:13.000 With reverence, in some sense.
02:32:16.000 Sufficient reverence for the kill.
02:32:18.000 Yeah.
02:32:19.000 That's what flipped me out.
02:32:20.000 Well, people get excited and they get happy that they're successful because hunting is difficult.
02:32:26.000 That makes sense to me.
02:32:37.000 One of the problems with respect is that it's assumed that you only have that respect if you don't have happiness that goes along with that respect.
02:32:44.000 So I understand that there is some amount of sadness, some amount of happiness.
02:32:48.000 There's a weird feeling of loss.
02:32:50.000 There's a lot of weird stuff that goes on.
02:32:52.000 The surprise, and the reason I'm asking you, is that I had expected that I would have the difficulty, bears equals teddy bears.
02:32:59.000 I'd get past that.
02:33:00.000 I'd keep going around this whole thing.
02:33:02.000 And then when I finally got to the end...
02:33:05.000 It was just that there wasn't the right balance between sadness, ecstatic elation.
02:33:14.000 It's hard.
02:33:16.000 It's hard if you're not there experiencing it.
02:33:18.000 It's hard if you're not involved in this hunt for many, many days and it gets very difficult and you don't know if it's ever going to happen.
02:33:24.000 But the bear hunting in particular, especially over bait, is way more problematic psychologically.
02:33:31.000 Okay.
02:33:32.000 I think there's a really good argument, and I support this argument, that you must keep bear populations in control if you want people and all those other animals to live in harmony.
02:33:41.000 Got it.
02:33:42.000 Because if you don't, there's nothing else that keeps their populations in control.
02:33:45.000 I buy that.
02:33:46.000 Other than bigger bears.
02:33:48.000 Grizzly bears.
02:33:49.000 And grizzly bears, when they get out of hand, are way scarier.
02:33:52.000 That's a real...
02:33:53.000 A real difference.
02:33:54.000 A real giant problem in terms of our...
02:33:58.000 Our anthropomorphization of these animals, attaching these human attributes and these human thoughts, and thinking of them as our friends in the forest, and then what they actually are to people that live out there.
02:34:10.000 My guess is that if I went hunting with you...
02:34:17.000 Yes.
02:34:20.000 Yes.
02:34:29.000 I don't have any of those issues, I think.
02:34:32.000 I think that where the issue is is that I wouldn't expect an unbalanced elation.
02:34:37.000 Yeah, I understand what you're saying.
02:34:39.000 And especially an unbalanced elation when you're hunting over bait for an animal that is not necessarily thought of in our culture as being an animal that you eat, which is bear.
02:34:51.000 And a lot of times people think that you don't eat them.
02:34:54.000 Black bears in particular, actually, they taste very good and people do eat them.
02:34:58.000 When you deal with people, like I have friends, my friend John and Jen Rivett, who live in Alberta and they are hunting guides.
02:35:06.000 It's a real necessity up there to hunt bears.
02:35:08.000 Okay.
02:35:09.000 Because there is nothing else that's keeping their populations in check.
02:35:11.000 And if you ever go up there, you see an extraordinary amount of bears.
02:35:16.000 Like you could see 19, 20 bears in a day.
02:35:18.000 Wow.
02:35:19.000 They're everywhere.
02:35:19.000 And there's a high density of them.
02:35:21.000 And they just decimate the deer population.
02:35:23.000 They decimate the moose population.
02:35:26.000 And there's some of them that learn that they can get into garbage cans.
02:35:29.000 They can break into people's cars and destroy them.
02:35:32.000 They've killed a few people, but it's pretty rare.
02:35:35.000 Most of the time they realize that people are dangerous and they stay the fuck away.
02:35:38.000 But it's...
02:35:41.000 What I appreciate is spot and stalking traditional prey animals.
02:35:47.000 That's what I like to do.
02:35:48.000 I like to spot and stalk deer and elk.
02:35:50.000 Because I feel like...
02:35:52.000 First of all, they're the most delicious.
02:35:55.000 Whether it makes sense or not, they make the most sense to me.
02:35:59.000 In terms of a prey animal, they're the ones that I covet the most.
02:36:03.000 What I want to do is I want to go and get older, mature animals that are undulates.
02:36:09.000 Whether it's a deer or an elk, an animal that's spread its genetics, that is already...
02:36:15.000 It's, you know, seven, eight years old, nine years old.
02:36:18.000 It's an animal that doesn't have much time left.
02:36:20.000 If you get it now, you're probably getting it within a year of its death.
02:36:24.000 Whether it's by natural causes, wolves, cold, starvation.
02:36:27.000 You're doing it probably the most humane...
02:36:31.000 You're giving it probably the most humane death that's reasonably possible for this thing.
02:36:35.000 Unless it falls off a cliff.
02:36:37.000 And even then, it's the...
02:36:40.000 It might survive that for a little while.
02:36:42.000 When you're shooting an animal with an arrow, it's dead in seconds.
02:36:45.000 Right.
02:36:45.000 You know, you hit it in the heart.
02:36:48.000 I shot an elk this year.
02:36:50.000 It literally walked four yards and tipped over.
02:36:53.000 It just stepped, stepped, stepped, boom.
02:36:55.000 I am very impressed with the skill of some of these.
02:36:58.000 I guess this is the primitive hunting movement with spears.
02:37:02.000 See, that's...
02:37:06.000 I think you should be really careful.
02:37:11.000 About anything that you do that's not that accurate.
02:37:15.000 That's an issue.
02:37:16.000 Yeah, it's a giant issue.
02:37:18.000 But bows are extremely accurate.
02:37:20.000 There's guys that can shoot a paper plate at 120 yards every single time.
02:37:26.000 They could shoot a little plate like that.
02:37:29.000 They'll bet their life.
02:37:31.000 They could drop an arrow into that at 120 yards every single time.
02:37:34.000 You can get good at that.
02:37:36.000 If you have good technique and reasonable control of your emotions and your anxiety, Yeah.
02:37:56.000 That primitive stuff is like, why?
02:37:58.000 Why are you throwing spears?
02:38:00.000 What are you doing?
02:38:01.000 Are you trying to prove that you're better than people that use a bow and arrow?
02:38:04.000 This is not an accurate or effective thing.
02:38:07.000 I mean, it kind of is, but you have to be like 5 yards, 10 yards.
02:38:11.000 What do you got to be, 15 yards max?
02:38:13.000 I think part of the thrill of it for them is putting themselves in danger.
02:38:17.000 There's a little bit of that.
02:38:19.000 If you're shooting, oh, you're going after a bear?
02:38:22.000 Yeah.
02:38:22.000 I've seen some of these things filmed where the person looks like they're up in their, I don't know what to call it, their little...
02:38:29.000 Tree stand.
02:38:30.000 Tree stand.
02:38:31.000 And that doesn't look like they're putting a lot of risk.
02:38:35.000 But some of these people are clearly getting off on, this is the primal hunt, right?
02:38:40.000 And they're going backwards into something where...
02:38:45.000 The animal could surprise them.
02:38:47.000 And what I wanted to do is I wanted to reacquaint myself with – now that I can watch somebody actually in that moment, try to figure out what my ethics around hunting were.
02:39:00.000 And I thought that I had prepared myself.
02:39:02.000 And I thought when I saw you, find out where Joe is.
02:39:08.000 Because I have no question, knowing your ethics and how you think, that you would have a very subtle perspective on all these different kinds of kills, which sorts of animals.
02:39:19.000 Yeah, if you get to Spears, you're in a weird place.
02:39:24.000 Like you say, oh, I only spear wild pigs.
02:39:27.000 We're trying to get rid of them anyway.
02:39:28.000 Okay.
02:39:30.000 We're in a weird place.
02:39:31.000 We're in a weird place.
02:39:32.000 Because ethically, I think you have two choices.
02:39:35.000 Three choices.
02:39:36.000 Your three choices are rifle, which is number one, ethically.
02:39:41.000 Realistically, because if you shoot something with a rifle, you can be really accurate.
02:39:48.000 Like, out to 100 yards, 100% of the time.
02:39:51.000 Like, unless it's crazy windy out or there's some weird conditions, altitude can affect ballistics.
02:39:57.000 But not that much.
02:39:59.000 Out to 100 yards, you're fucking deadly if you have a really good control of squeezing the trigger, you're not jerking everything, you're not panicking.
02:40:08.000 Then bow is second.
02:40:10.000 You know, bow, it requires way more practice, way more fine-tuning of your motor skills, but it's still possible.
02:40:18.000 Then you have crossbow, which is even more effective than a bow.
02:40:22.000 Faster feet per second so that it travels at a flat line because it's going quicker before it drops.
02:40:29.000 They all drop at the same speed, right?
02:40:31.000 Bullets and arrows all drop at the same speed.
02:40:34.000 They just don't get there at the same speed.
02:40:36.000 So in the same amount of time, like if I'm shooting something at 100 yards with a bow, I am aiming with a sight that is calculating for the fact that the arrow is going to drop significantly in the time that it takes, if it's going 280 feet per second is like a normal speed for a good bow with a good heavy arrow,
02:40:58.000 that's 280 feet per second that goes 100 yards, okay?
02:41:01.000 A bullet is going to go 100 yards far quicker.
02:41:05.000 But in the same amount of time it takes that arrow to get to that target, the bullet is going to drop the same amount as the arrow.
02:41:11.000 And that's what most people don't understand.
02:41:13.000 So a crossbow is more ethical because it's more accurate.
02:41:18.000 It has fewer moving parts.
02:41:20.000 You could actually sit it on a rest and just squeeze the trigger.
02:41:24.000 Easier to manipulate.
02:41:25.000 And the arrow is traveling faster, or it's called a bolt, traveling faster so it'll drop less.
02:41:31.000 After that, shit gets squirrely.
02:41:34.000 After that, it's like you're throwing spears.
02:41:36.000 Okay, what do you got, an atlatl?
02:41:38.000 Okay, alright.
02:41:39.000 Well, you can kill things with it, and people have done it, but it gets to how accurate are you, and what's your ethical range?
02:41:47.000 An ethical range for a really good hunter with a bow and arrow is probably 80 yards.
02:41:52.000 Maybe it's a moose, 90 yards, something big.
02:41:56.000 But with a spear?
02:41:58.000 Like, what do you got?
02:41:59.000 You got 10 yards?
02:42:00.000 So, you know, why?
02:42:03.000 That's the question.
02:42:04.000 Are you doing it for meat?
02:42:05.000 Are you doing it because, um, is this your Mount Everest?
02:42:08.000 You want to kill a pig with a spear?
02:42:10.000 And are you saying that a pig is not worth as much, so you should be able to kill it with a spear?
02:42:15.000 Because these are all weird decisions.
02:42:18.000 They're weird decisions.
02:42:19.000 And people make those with bears.
02:42:21.000 They make those decisions with black bears.
02:42:23.000 Like people that live where they consider them nuisances.
02:42:26.000 They kill them.
02:42:27.000 I mean, they used to be allowed to hunt black bears with a spear in Alberta until a big scandal a couple years ago.
02:42:39.000 Where a guy filmed himself doing that.
02:42:42.000 He shot a bear, or he killed a bear, rather, with a spear, and was hooting and hollering, and people got a hold of the video and thought it was disgusting and protested it, and people from Under Armour dropped his wife from their,
02:42:57.000 you know, they had this sort of sponsorship deal with them.
02:43:02.000 And it caused a rift in the hunting community.
02:43:06.000 Some people think you should be able to hunt with a rock.
02:43:08.000 I don't care what you hunt with.
02:43:09.000 You should be able to hunt with anything.
02:43:10.000 And other people are like, hmm, okay, but what are we doing?
02:43:13.000 Are we just going out to get meat?
02:43:16.000 Or are we putting on a macho performance of our ability?
02:43:20.000 Okay, this is exactly what I wanted to get at, which is, if you know that a population has to be controlled, and you want the meat, Then it makes sense to me that you have to open yourself up to some of the pleasure of the kill.
02:43:32.000 That makes some sense.
02:43:34.000 But what I saw just like flipped me out because it wasn't a spear.
02:43:39.000 It was above and beyond.
02:43:40.000 Yeah, I saw a spear and other things.
02:43:43.000 And I was impressed by some of the skill.
02:43:45.000 I was impressed by some of the bravery.
02:43:47.000 But it's like, why?
02:43:48.000 Like, why?
02:43:49.000 Right.
02:43:49.000 Are you just doing it to population control?
02:43:52.000 Are you doing it for the meat?
02:43:53.000 This was a surprise to me.
02:43:54.000 I got kind of sickened by it.
02:43:56.000 That's not surprising.
02:43:58.000 It's not surprising.
02:43:59.000 I think if you were there, you'd probably be even more conflicted because you actually were there in the presence of the thing dying.
02:44:09.000 Watching a bear die on a video is one thing, but being there alive when they die is a completely different thing.
02:44:18.000 It's a very complicated thing because we have these deep-set Yeah.
02:44:40.000 But if you use the animal respectfully and you kill it ethically, I don't have any problem with hunting bears.
02:44:48.000 In fact, I think it really is a necessary task.
02:44:52.000 It's something that even if you don't like to hunt bears, if you're living in a place like Alberta, you probably should hunt bears because you should do your part.
02:45:01.000 There's a lot of them out there.
02:45:03.000 One of the things that becomes an interesting relationship is the relationship between the moose hunters and the deer hunters and the bear hunters.
02:45:13.000 Those smart ones have come to an understanding that even if I don't hunt bear, I need those people out there doing it.
02:45:20.000 But it's how do you do it and why are you doing it?
02:45:24.000 I've seen animals die very quickly with a bow and arrow.
02:45:26.000 They die very quickly.
02:45:27.000 I've never seen an animal die with a spear.
02:45:29.000 I don't think it's necessary.
02:45:31.000 But I don't want to be the person that tells you you can't do it.
02:45:34.000 If you have an ethical range of five yards and you only hunt bear with a spear at five yards and you kill it immediately, you hit it and kill it, you're right.
02:45:44.000 Then you're right.
02:45:45.000 Yeah, it's not based on the method.
02:45:46.000 It's based on...
02:45:48.000 What are the ethical parameters around the killing?
02:45:50.000 I appreciate that.
02:45:51.000 And also, I would kind of be a hypocrite.
02:45:53.000 Because even though I can ethically kill something at 40 yards or just figure out what the number is depending on the size of the animal...
02:46:01.000 Even though I can do that, I could do it way easier with a rifle.
02:46:04.000 So why am I using a bow and arrow?
02:46:06.000 Why do I want to make it more difficult?
02:46:08.000 Why am I making it more challenging?
02:46:09.000 Why am I requiring myself to practice way more?
02:46:12.000 But you're asking these questions.
02:46:13.000 You're very self-aware.
02:46:14.000 It's a very important question to ask.
02:46:16.000 Because if I was just doing it just for the meat, I would probably use a rifle.
02:46:21.000 Right.
02:46:21.000 Yeah.
02:46:22.000 Yeah, I think that that part of it has to do with the primal association with the kill.
02:46:27.000 And then the key question is, how do you want to indulge that?
02:46:29.000 What is the set and setting?
02:46:30.000 Blah, blah, blah.
02:46:31.000 So that was the thing that I found shocking, is that I had thought, you know, I understood something about the need to control population.
02:46:39.000 It's the affect, which really killed me.
02:46:42.000 Yeah, well, again, we're talking about bears.
02:46:44.000 You know...
02:46:45.000 It's not just bears.
02:46:46.000 Other animals as well?
02:46:47.000 Yeah.
02:46:48.000 I mean, I saw...
02:46:52.000 I don't want to focus more on it necessarily, but it's just a question I had to ask you because I was very surprised by my own reaction.
02:46:59.000 Well, a lot of people are taking issue.
02:47:02.000 My good friend Ben O'Brien, who's a brilliant writer who's actually also a hunter, Is advocating that people stop taking what he calls grip and grins.
02:47:12.000 What a grip and grin is, like say if you shot a beautiful deer, you're holding the deer up by the antlers and you're smiling.
02:47:18.000 And he's advocating that those photos are problematic because people who don't hunt look at it like you're some bloodthirsty asshole that's super happy that something died.
02:47:27.000 And that's not, even though that's not how the people feel when they're taking those photos, what they are is happy.
02:47:34.000 That's something which is very difficult, which, you know, especially using a bow, most people go home empty-handed.
02:47:40.000 It requires too much fitness, physical fitness, because you're going up and down these mountains.
02:47:45.000 It requires too much accuracy and training and technique and archery.
02:47:50.000 Most people fuck it up.
02:47:50.000 And then there's dealing with anxiety.
02:47:52.000 Most people fuck it up.
02:47:53.000 But...
02:47:55.000 After it's all over, there's this great feeling of elation, right?
02:47:59.000 You did it.
02:48:00.000 I can't believe it came together.
02:48:01.000 Wow.
02:48:01.000 Because it was probably not going to come together and people get happy.
02:48:04.000 These are people, again, that already accept hunting.
02:48:07.000 Now, if you take someone who is an animal rights activist or someone who deeply appreciates animals and then you show them that photo, they have a completely different association with what that photo means.
02:48:16.000 What that photo means is here's an asshole who's a trophy hunter who shot this thing.
02:48:21.000 Let me get my thing out.
02:48:22.000 I don't know any species...
02:48:26.000 That celebrates a kill for food with glee.
02:48:31.000 Chimps do.
02:48:32.000 Oh, sorry, sorry.
02:48:33.000 You're right.
02:48:34.000 Yeah.
02:48:35.000 When they kill a monkey, they get pretty happy.
02:48:36.000 Well, then they do it socially, and then they share it through altruism.
02:48:41.000 They scream at each other.
02:48:42.000 Yeah, yeah, yeah.
02:48:44.000 Chimps are my least favorite species almost of all.
02:48:47.000 They're horrible.
02:48:47.000 They're so terrifying.
02:48:48.000 They're the worst.
02:48:49.000 Yeah.
02:48:50.000 They're terrifying little fuckers.
02:48:52.000 So where do you think we are on the political front?
02:48:55.000 We haven't even touched that.
02:48:57.000 I think it's right the same way as bow hunting versus spears and rifles.
02:49:03.000 This world's messy, you know?
02:49:05.000 All these things are messy.
02:49:06.000 Do you see a way in which this political epic comes to an end?
02:49:10.000 The only hope that I have is through reasonable dialogue becoming an accepted and appreciated thing, a celebrated thing.
02:49:22.000 And that this is possible that people can realize there's some stupidity To this team mentality that we have, is right versus left, which is almost all, a good percentage of it, is these assumed identities.
02:49:36.000 These predetermined patterns that get adopted in order to, as we first started talking about this, in order to establish yourself as someone who's in a group.
02:49:47.000 You get accepted by this group.
02:49:49.000 And you see it left and right.
02:49:51.000 I mean, I don't want to name any names, but there's a bunch of people that do it blatantly.
02:49:54.000 You see them.
02:49:54.000 I've even seen them switch teams.
02:49:56.000 And you see them switch teams, and I don't buy their rationalizations when it comes to ideology, but I think what they're doing is they're switching teams because they realize there's an in on this team.
02:50:06.000 Right.
02:50:06.000 And they can just say, this is the problem with the team I used to be on.
02:50:09.000 Those fucking losers.
02:50:10.000 And they're really Benedict Arnold.
02:50:12.000 They probably have as much of an affinity to the ideas of one side as they do the other side.
02:50:19.000 They just go all in on one side to get acceptance from the group.
02:50:23.000 There's no way people change their opinion that much over two years or something like that.
02:50:27.000 It's like they just decide this group makes more sense now, and I've been attacked by people on the left, so I'm going to go to the right, or vice-a-verse.
02:50:34.000 And usually what it is, even when they say they've been attacked, like, oh, you fucking baby.
02:50:40.000 300 million people just in this country alone.
02:50:42.000 If you put something out there publicly and a thousand people attack you, don't act like you're being persecuted, okay?
02:50:48.000 You have an idea, you've launched that idea out into the zeitgeist, and people took a big shit on it.
02:50:55.000 Whether it's people on the right or people on the left, you've got to be able to argue your point one way or the other and not just immediately jump ship when someone who shares ideas with you decides that your idea sucks.
02:51:06.000 And maybe they're wrong.
02:51:07.000 And maybe you're right.
02:51:09.000 But you've got to argue that through.
02:51:10.000 But this idea of...
02:51:12.000 These partisan patterns that people just seem to automatically fall into, they're so detrimental to dialogue.
02:51:19.000 They're so detrimental to us really understanding each other and really having some sort of a sense of community, right?
02:51:26.000 This is a giant community of 300 million people.
02:51:29.000 That's what it's supposed to be.
02:51:30.000 And this idea that this group is trying to fuck it up and they're trying to turn us all Muslims and this one wants everybody to be gay and this one wants everybody to fucking have free food and this is nonsense.
02:51:40.000 This is nonsense.
02:51:42.000 We need better understanding and, you know, the word better education gets tossed around a lot, but it also means better social understanding.
02:51:50.000 Right.
02:51:50.000 Better social education.
02:51:52.000 An appreciation of who we are and why we think the way we think.
02:51:56.000 And calling out weasels on both sides of the pattern.
02:52:00.000 Calling out weasels on the right that are pandering, that are just repeating a lot of these accepted beliefs because they know that they can hit this frequency and a lot of people sing along.
02:52:11.000 Or the same thing that people are doing on the left.
02:52:14.000 They're doing it on both sides.
02:52:15.000 I think most reasonable people have a collection of ideas that they share from both the right and the left.
02:52:22.000 And most reasonable people are reasonably compassionate.
02:52:26.000 And I think that's one of the things that we're missing.
02:52:29.000 A reasonable sense of not just...
02:52:33.000 Ethics, but an appreciation for each other, for all of us as a group.
02:52:38.000 And that, I think, if we can celebrate reasonable conversations and celebrate an understanding of other people's perspectives, be able to just look at how you're looking at things and have empathy.
02:52:52.000 Okay, let me see where you're coming from with this.
02:52:54.000 Okay, let me put myself in your shoes.
02:52:56.000 Okay, instead of just immediately, like, fuck you, you cuck, and fuck you, you this, and...
02:53:01.000 Instead of thinking about it that way, if we just tried to just...
02:53:06.000 Everybody exercise a little bit more, so we're a little bit more calm, and come at this from a rational place, and try to, like, realize, like...
02:53:14.000 Doesn't this require exclusion?
02:53:16.000 I've been experimenting with a very dangerous idea, which is I keep hearing about chief inclusion officers.
02:53:21.000 And, you know, I thought about, you know, I think from Ecclesiastes, you know, to every season there's a purpose under heaven.
02:53:30.000 So if there's inclusion, there also has to be exclusion.
02:53:33.000 And, like, deplatforming or unplatforming somebody is an act of exclusion.
02:53:38.000 And very often it's very interesting that the people who are for inclusion are very focused on the need for deplatforming, which is an act of exclusion.
02:53:45.000 Right.
02:54:12.000 Right.
02:54:32.000 And keeps pushing us into this very divided landscape.
02:54:36.000 I was just curious, you know, in terms of our group of people that we talk and hang out with in common, Where you see the high leverage is.
02:54:48.000 We've just finished the midterm.
02:54:50.000 We've got this 2020 election.
02:54:51.000 It looks to me like Hillary is kind of eyeing whether she wants to get back in the game.
02:54:57.000 This Trump thing has completely – it's like the dress.
02:55:02.000 Is it black and blue or white and gold for – it could be eight years.
02:55:07.000 Right.
02:55:08.000 Yeah.
02:55:08.000 And I just – have you thought about how this ends?
02:55:14.000 Well, I would never be so presumptuous to think that I have any idea how this ends.
02:55:20.000 I've proposed various scenarios to myself, and I don't like any of them.
02:55:26.000 I don't like where it's going, because what I worry about, and this is also, again, hypocritical, that Because I think it probably should burn down and be rebuilt from the ruins.
02:55:38.000 We're not going to get such a clean thing again.
02:55:39.000 It's not going to be clean.
02:55:40.000 I know.
02:55:41.000 No.
02:55:41.000 This isn't very clean either, though.
02:55:43.000 Honestly.
02:55:44.000 That guy won.
02:55:45.000 It's not clean.
02:55:46.000 I mean, he loves Putin.
02:55:49.000 You know, this ain't clean.
02:55:50.000 You know, the whole thing is weird.
02:55:51.000 The bankers having the amount of influence they have, the fact that there's two lobbyists.
02:55:56.000 What's the number?
02:55:57.000 Two lobbyists to every member of Congress or two lobbyists to every senator?
02:56:03.000 From the pharmaceutical industry, by the way.
02:56:05.000 The number of people that have influence over the way our laws are shaped, it's so fucking bananas right now, right?
02:56:13.000 So off the rails.
02:56:15.000 Is that what it is?
02:56:16.000 Twelve.
02:56:16.000 Twelve?
02:56:17.000 What?
02:56:17.000 I didn't type in specifically, but there's 23 registered lobbyists for every member of Congress.
02:56:23.000 No, I think from the pharmaceutical industry they were saying.
02:56:26.000 I think it's two for every member of Congress in the pharmaceutical industry.
02:56:31.000 Yeah, the question that you started out with, like de-platforming people...
02:56:37.000 I think we're impatient, and I think we really want to make sure that this vetting of ideas happens quickly because we see the answer.
02:56:49.000 We see the solution.
02:56:51.000 We see that this is incorrect, and we see these people that think the world is flat are idiots, and we think that these people that think this and think that, we think they're all wrong, and so we want to stop them from talking.
02:57:02.000 But that doesn't work.
02:57:03.000 It just works for now.
02:57:05.000 It oftentimes feeds those ideas.
02:57:09.000 And it also, you have to question, like, why are you so sure?
02:57:16.000 Why are you so sure that you are correct?
02:57:19.000 That you don't just want your side to be heard exclusively.
02:57:24.000 You want to silence these other people's ability to participate in this argument, even if they're totally wrong.
02:57:31.000 I think that's dangerous.
02:57:33.000 Because I think that the way to fight off ideas that aren't good is to introduce ideas that are good.
02:57:40.000 And you're gonna have a bunch of people that agree with ideas that are bad.
02:57:43.000 But I think that that's a part of this whole figuring things out.
02:57:48.000 Like, you need to have bad ideas floating around there to appreciate good ideas.
02:57:52.000 If all the ideas are good, like, what are we duking it out against?
02:57:55.000 Right.
02:57:56.000 It's not bad to have these bad ideas broadcast.
02:57:59.000 It's bad to not have someone say, hey, these are bad ideas.
02:58:02.000 We need to see the pitfalls of racism.
02:58:05.000 We need to see the pitfalls of crime.
02:58:06.000 We need to see the pitfalls of corruption.
02:58:08.000 We need to see it in action.
02:58:10.000 I think it's like stock market swindling.
02:58:12.000 I think in a lot of ways it's important.
02:58:13.000 We need to understand that this is a pattern that people fall into continually over and over again.
02:58:17.000 When they have control over the money, when they have control over the numbers, what do I do this?
02:58:22.000 How about if I tell you that this is going to go down and then you invest some money and I put some money in your bank?
02:58:26.000 And we work together.
02:58:27.000 Let's make some money.
02:58:28.000 This is what people do, right?
02:58:29.000 They just fucking do it over and over and over again.
02:58:31.000 Should you punish them?
02:58:32.000 Yes, absolutely.
02:58:34.000 But I think it's kind of important to see some fucked up behavior.
02:58:39.000 Just because we're not done.
02:58:41.000 We're still in some sort of emotional and psychological and even physical evolution.
02:58:47.000 We're in the middle of this thing.
02:58:49.000 And I think that bad ideas facilitate comprehension.
02:58:53.000 Like these really shitty ideas that a lot of people have, what they do is they facilitate a comprehension of why we think dumb shit.
02:59:01.000 And sometimes you don't know why people think dumb shit until you see someone over and over again that thinks dumb shit.
02:59:06.000 And you get to see that whether it's Alex Jones or whether it's who, fill in the blank.
02:59:10.000 What guy do you want deplatformed?
02:59:12.000 Okay, so here's my thing.
02:59:13.000 I want a lot of our leading experts deplatformed.
02:59:17.000 Okay.
02:59:18.000 Well, you're going deep.
02:59:19.000 You're going to spray paint a fucking big A on Tucker Carlson's driveway, aren't you?
02:59:25.000 What do you mean?
02:59:26.000 Well, if I think about who the great danger is, is it Alex Jones, you know, who veers towards tinfoil hatland with some frequency?
02:59:37.000 Or...
02:59:38.000 Is it the people who were selling, you know, weapons of mass destruction in Iraq as a response to 9-11?
02:59:43.000 Or, you know, the people, let's assume that you're a reasonable person on immigration.
02:59:50.000 You neither think that borders should be open nor closed.
02:59:54.000 Then you start hearing professors say, you know, the great thing about immigration is that it has absolutely no costs and all of them are better than all of our people because they're highly trained, they're highly motivated, they're young.
03:00:06.000 You're thinking like, okay, what kind of thing has all benefits and no costs?
03:00:11.000 You're not even entering into a rational description.
03:00:14.000 And now we're hearing like all these trade deals that got negotiated and Yeah, that kind of wasn't true.
03:00:19.000 All those things that we were telling you that if you question these things, you were a backward protectionist and you were just stuck in the old world and you couldn't embrace the new.
03:00:27.000 Yeah, that was all bullshit.
03:00:30.000 What I think is we have a crisis in expertise.
03:00:33.000 Institutional expertise is at an all-time low.
03:00:39.000 Nobody really trusts any of our institutions to be an authoritative source of ground truth.
03:00:44.000 It's not to say that everything that the institutions say is wrong or everything the experts say is wrong.
03:00:50.000 Far from it.
03:00:50.000 It's just that there are almost no experts or institutions that aren't willing to distort facts in order to pursue institutional goals.
03:00:59.000 That's a giant issue, right?
03:01:01.000 Right.
03:01:01.000 And so I don't actually want to de-platform these people, but I do have the very strong sense.
03:01:06.000 When Elon came on your show and Peter Thiel, my friend and boss, came on Dave Rubin's show, I thought that was quite a moment where this alternate network of distribution...
03:01:19.000 which is not under centralized control started to be seen as comparably powerful and important and I think some of the noises that Tucker Carlson just made To Dave Rubin about, well, hey, you're doing this out of your garage and you have the freedom to do anything.
03:01:35.000 I'm beholden to the structure in which I live.
03:01:39.000 We're at a very interesting place with respect to what is this thing, this alternate distribution network for ideas that's unpoliced by the institutions.
03:01:52.000 And I think I've been convinced in the last two days that I need This is advice that I got from you at the beginning.
03:01:59.000 You said, you need to start a podcast.
03:02:01.000 I think I need to start a podcast.
03:02:03.000 I think you need to start a podcast.
03:02:04.000 Just keep going on about the hop thing until people figure it out.
03:02:08.000 No, not just about the hop thing.
03:02:10.000 But we have to return to some kind of stable sanity that I'm positive that the institutions can't return us to because the institutional interests I think?
03:02:40.000 Is that high-agency individuals are out-competing traditional institutional structures in terms of mindshare.
03:02:48.000 And some of those high-agency individuals are irresponsible.
03:02:51.000 They're like Milo types that are kind of trying to light things up.
03:02:55.000 And some of them are extremely responsible.
03:02:58.000 And some of them, you know, will do a few irresponsible things, but will self-correct.
03:03:02.000 And this new world that is being born is a huge check on the institutions.
03:03:07.000 But it's still largely separate.
03:03:09.000 Like, am I right that you don't do a lot of network television?
03:03:12.000 I don't do any anymore, but I used to.
03:03:15.000 I mean, that's how I became famous in the first place.
03:03:18.000 You know?
03:03:19.000 But yeah, I don't do it anymore.
03:03:21.000 But it's also because there's nothing fun out there like this.
03:03:24.000 Like, there's no place for this.
03:03:26.000 Right.
03:03:26.000 Other than this.
03:03:27.000 This is the only place you could do this.
03:03:29.000 But isn't it interesting to you that we still have not – like, Jordan had to be dealt with by the mainstream because the book was too big.
03:03:39.000 His effect was too large.
03:03:42.000 I think his effect on the internet is bigger than the book.
03:03:46.000 I think the YouTube videos and the debates that he has, the one that I was telling you, the recent one, the interview with GQ... So interesting.
03:03:53.000 It's really good.
03:03:54.000 The woman's very smart, but she gets trounced.
03:03:56.000 And it's because he's been in the trenches with this stuff for a long time.
03:04:01.000 I mean, he's fighting a very strange fight of dialogue and of interpretation and of discussion and...
03:04:10.000 The freedom of intellectual sovereignty.
03:04:14.000 You know, there's a lot of people that want you to think a very certain way and use certain words and say certain things.
03:04:22.000 And it doesn't matter whether or not you are in fact racist or sexist or homophobic or whatever.
03:04:28.000 There's a weird battle of control going on.
03:04:30.000 That it's a heart of it as much as it is a battle of inclusion and diversity and strengthening our overall progressive mindset.
03:04:38.000 There's a little bit of that too.
03:04:40.000 But there's also an undeniable game that's being played.
03:04:43.000 And people want to win.
03:04:44.000 There's scores that are being scored.
03:04:46.000 There's points on the board.
03:04:47.000 They're throwing in new agents.
03:04:49.000 They have teams going at it.
03:04:50.000 And whenever Jordan goes on one of these conversations, these video interviews, and there's a feminist and Jordan Peterson, like, there's a fucking game going on.
03:04:58.000 We're watching a soccer match.
03:05:00.000 We're watching a wrestling match.
03:05:01.000 This is jiu-jitsu.
03:05:03.000 They're playing intellectual jiu-jitsu.
03:05:05.000 And Jordan's really good at tapping people.
03:05:07.000 He's really good at it.
03:05:08.000 And they're getting pissed.
03:05:09.000 They keep sending in new chicks.
03:05:11.000 They sent in that Kathy Newman lady and she's like, so what you're saying is that didn't work either.
03:05:16.000 She just got devastated.
03:05:17.000 She got rocked.
03:05:18.000 And this is what's happening over and over and over again because whether you appreciate what he's saying or not, he has some facts that are undeniable.
03:05:28.000 He has some positions that are based on a rich understanding of history and of Marxism and of communism and of a lot of the problems with people With compelled thoughts.
03:05:40.000 If you're compelling people to behave a certain way, compelling people to talk a certain way, and we're not talking about compelling people to not commit crimes or violence.
03:05:50.000 We're talking about weird things, like compelled pronouns.
03:05:54.000 So if I take your analogy, because you brought it up, that he's like doing jujitsu.
03:06:00.000 Yes.
03:06:01.000 So in some previous era, and I thought your description of the early days of MMA was fascinating, that we just didn't know what fighting was.
03:06:10.000 So we didn't know who would win or what systems worked.
03:06:13.000 And if you think about the mainstream media is like...
03:06:18.000 Aikido.
03:06:19.000 It's some system that maybe has some validity in some very rarefied context, and it comes into general purpose fighting systems, and it's dismantled very quickly.
03:06:32.000 So now we have this weird situation that we've got this new world of kind of rule-laden, anything-goes discussions, more or less, And the mainstream world doesn't want, like, the Aikido world doesn't want to acknowledge that this weird UFC-type thing is happening.
03:06:52.000 How long does that go on for?
03:06:53.000 It goes on for as long as it takes.
03:06:55.000 And this is similar to, I think, what's happening intellectually.
03:06:58.000 And this is one of the reasons why I don't think you should stop people from expressing these bad ideas.
03:07:03.000 It's one thing for stopping people to say, hey, we need to kill black people.
03:07:06.000 Stopping people to say, we need to kill white people.
03:07:08.000 We need to kill fill-in-the-blank, whatever the group is.
03:07:10.000 Yeah, that's different.
03:07:12.000 You're...
03:07:14.000 Clearly stepping outside of the realm of civilization and into war and violence.
03:07:19.000 And we could all collectively decide, and we should all collectively decide.
03:07:23.000 We should have ethics together.
03:07:25.000 Whether it's right or left or in the middle, we should all decide, hey, you can't do that.
03:07:28.000 Because what you're doing is you're calling for violence against someone who's not committing any violence.
03:07:33.000 Can I pause you right there?
03:07:34.000 Yes.
03:07:34.000 Because I think there's a really interesting point.
03:07:36.000 Okay.
03:07:38.000 Let's assume that we know that that behavior needs to be down-regulated in some way.
03:07:43.000 You can try to silence the person where we just physically duct tape them so they can't say anything.
03:07:47.000 You know, we put them in jail.
03:07:50.000 We don't give them access to the media, etc., etc.
03:07:53.000 Or we can shame them, or we can kind of take them aside.
03:07:57.000 At what layer of this sort of communication stack do we should – because I think one of the things that we haven't done is to positively say, We agree with you that the speech is offensive and it is potentially dangerous, but we think it should be downregulated differently than the deplatforming option.
03:08:17.000 Well, the deplatforming option, the real issue is there's only a few different avenues for these people to express themselves publicly.
03:08:26.000 And the argument that's really strange is, should these be regulated like a utility?
03:08:32.000 Or should they be thought of as private businesses get to decide what's on their channel, essentially?
03:08:37.000 It's almost like a private NBC that everyone can broadcast on.
03:08:43.000 What if it's none of the above?
03:08:44.000 What if the problem is we're trying to pretend, is it like a dinner party?
03:08:47.000 Is it the public square?
03:08:49.000 Is it a utility?
03:08:50.000 And it's none of these things.
03:08:51.000 I think these ideas, what I was discussing, that there's a reason why good ideas and bad ideas should go to war.
03:09:00.000 It's the same reason why, even though I kind of knew that most kung fu was bullshit before the UFC, I want those guys to get in there and try.
03:09:09.000 Oh, you got some death touch?
03:09:11.000 Hey!
03:09:12.000 Come on in.
03:09:13.000 I want to introduce you to a guy.
03:09:15.000 You know, this is...
03:09:16.000 His name's Cain Velasquez.
03:09:18.000 And you're going to try your death touch.
03:09:20.000 And he's just going to wrestle you to the ground and beat your fucking brains in.
03:09:23.000 Okay?
03:09:24.000 Right.
03:09:24.000 But that's not going to happen because you know death touch.
03:09:26.000 Good luck.
03:09:26.000 And you let him duke it out.
03:09:27.000 And that is the battlefield of ideas.
03:09:30.000 But it is a little.
03:09:31.000 No, no, no.
03:09:32.000 But...
03:09:32.000 But when you deplatform people, that's when it's not happening.
03:09:34.000 I agree with you.
03:09:35.000 But what I'm trying to get at is that...
03:09:38.000 I hadn't really thought about it.
03:09:40.000 The extent to which Jordan is the only one of us that they've really gone after like this.
03:09:47.000 Well, first of all, he became famous from this.
03:09:53.000 Right.
03:09:54.000 The battle was how he emerged.
03:09:59.000 He emerged from this battle over the use of compelled pronouns for various genders.
03:10:07.000 Very similar to Brett's situation.
03:10:17.000 He comes from a different place.
03:10:18.000 The way they were going at him was so much more unreasonable.
03:10:21.000 They were saying right away that what he has to do is leave work because he's white.
03:10:29.000 They were basically saying a racist thing and everyone universally acknowledges as racist except for these super lefties.
03:10:37.000 Who thought that it made sense because in their mind every white person is somehow or another guilty of at least, at the very least, using your privilege to advance in the world to the negative impact of people of color and people of other ethnicities.
03:10:56.000 So they decided that they are going to have a day of exclusion and instead of this day of absence having Right.
03:11:18.000 That's also part of the problem.
03:11:19.000 Their arguments are incoherent.
03:11:21.000 You would see that fucking stupid president of the university standing in front of those kids and they told him to put his hands down because he was threatening.
03:11:29.000 You're scaring us.
03:11:30.000 You're making violent gestures with your hands.
03:11:32.000 So he puts his hands down and they start laughing.
03:11:34.000 Okay, this is nonsense now.
03:11:36.000 You're in little kids.
03:11:37.000 You got little kids running.
03:11:38.000 You got Lord of the Flies on a grand scale in a state university.
03:11:42.000 And it's all, I mean, this is a public university, right?
03:11:44.000 I mean, they get funding, right?
03:11:46.000 This is all chaos.
03:11:47.000 Nobody agrees.
03:11:48.000 They got baseball bats.
03:11:49.000 They're looking for him if he's coming back to the school.
03:11:51.000 The kids form these vigilante groups with weapons.
03:11:54.000 Over what?
03:11:55.000 Like, who's threatening you?
03:11:57.000 Like, what is happening here that you need weapons?
03:11:59.000 Okay, but the big story there was the non-reporting.
03:12:02.000 What do you mean?
03:12:03.000 Well, the New York Times, Washington Post, all of these major organs, NPR, they didn't want to touch the story.
03:12:10.000 Well, this is my big theory here is that every outfit that has a grand narrative cannot report the news that goes counter narrative.
03:12:21.000 So racism by blacks against whites cannot be reported by any outfit that believes that racism is impossible by blacks against whites.
03:12:32.000 That's such a preposterous position.
03:12:34.000 The idea that racism is exclusive to any group.
03:12:36.000 Well, but the redefinition of that term...
03:12:38.000 I know the redefinition.
03:12:38.000 The redefinition can suck a fat dick.
03:12:40.000 It's a stupid redefinition.
03:12:42.000 Well, that's true.
03:12:42.000 This idea that the only way you can be racist is if you have power over that other group.
03:12:47.000 That's nonsense.
03:12:48.000 Human beings act as individuals and they always have power over each other.
03:12:51.000 You have power to intimidate.
03:12:52.000 You have power to isolate.
03:12:54.000 You have power if there's more than a few of you.
03:12:56.000 But what got confusing about this is that...
03:12:59.000 Right.
03:13:29.000 Similar enough that any deviation from 50-50 shows you the amount of sexism in a workforce.
03:13:35.000 And we are all so different that once you include women in previously male occupations, you will see a great benefit because of the diversity of opinion.
03:13:44.000 So there are all these self-contradictory couplets.
03:13:46.000 Right.
03:13:47.000 That you have to agree to.
03:13:48.000 Well, that's the weird thing.
03:13:52.000 Assume that I just buy all of your stuff.
03:13:54.000 I think we've made a terrible tactical error.
03:13:56.000 We fought these bad ideas.
03:13:58.000 Rather than saying, maybe we should just accept all of your bad ideas.
03:14:03.000 And then show you what kind of weird world...
03:14:06.000 No.
03:14:07.000 Yes.
03:14:08.000 No.
03:14:08.000 No, no, no.
03:14:09.000 You can't do that because they don't make sense.
03:14:11.000 You can't say, oh, yeah, they make sense.
03:14:13.000 Well, then how do I know when you're serious?
03:14:15.000 If you just let those through and those things fail...
03:14:17.000 But that's my point, is that by showing the internal...
03:14:21.000 In mathematics, we call this reductio ad absurdum, that once you take on too many different points, you show the conflicts, showing that those things can't all be true.
03:14:36.000 Right.
03:14:41.000 Right.
03:15:01.000 And so, very interesting.
03:15:03.000 You have a company that is dedicated to the commercial exploitation of humans as sexual objects for the privilege of the male gaze, and now you're angry that it doesn't include trans into that exploited class.
03:15:18.000 So just without getting into whether this makes good economic sense or anything, there's just the issue of self-contradiction.
03:15:25.000 But isn't that a reductionist view of what Victoria's Secrets is?
03:15:28.000 Isn't it possible that a woman can feel empowered and sexy if she's wearing lingerie and it's not just to the exploiting of the male gaze that she appreciates looking attractive?
03:15:39.000 Wonderful.
03:15:39.000 So take that off.
03:15:40.000 That's okay, right?
03:15:40.000 Exactly.
03:15:41.000 So the idea is that you're both going to say...
03:15:47.000 That's a positive female empowerment issue, and it's a terrible male exploitation issue at the same time.
03:15:53.000 But is it a terrible male exploitation issue?
03:15:55.000 What if women decide universally they like guys who wear leopard skin underwear, and guys start wearing leopard skin, tighty-whitey underwear?
03:16:03.000 Well, this is sexual selection.
03:16:05.000 But yes, but what's the difference between that and women wearing lingerie?
03:16:08.000 If women wear lingerie and they do it because they like to be gazed at and they like to be more attractive or to accentuate their attractiveness.
03:16:16.000 So then the sexual self-objectification is an interesting issue.
03:16:19.000 Is that an issue of empowerment or is it an issue of oppression?
03:16:22.000 It might be.
03:16:22.000 It could certainly be.
03:16:23.000 If a woman's healthy… So take that all on.
03:16:26.000 Why does it have to be exploitation though?
03:16:27.000 That's the question.
03:16:28.000 What I'm trying to say is at some point you've made too many arguments.
03:16:32.000 There's this concept called the principle of explosion in mathematics.
03:16:36.000 The principle of explosion says if you can get one contradiction through airport security, you can blow up the universe.
03:16:44.000 Right.
03:16:48.000 Right.
03:16:50.000 Right.
03:17:06.000 And these ideas are clearly incompatible.
03:17:08.000 So, for example, one of the tricks that I use is to look at advertising for women, to women, and what phrases get used.
03:17:19.000 So if you use the phrase, turn heads this summer, in quotes, and put it into a search engine, you'll find all sorts of revealing outfits that are intended to court the male gaze.
03:17:30.000 You say, well, maybe that's not really the male gaze.
03:17:32.000 So then you put in a phrase like, make him drool.
03:17:35.000 And that will be used to market to women.
03:17:38.000 And so this issue about, can we at least get to a point where we're talking about the internal contradictions of your position?
03:17:46.000 Like, I don't even want to get into what my position is.
03:17:49.000 The first thing that's scaring me is that you've said so many things so strongly and so dogmatically.
03:17:54.000 And this doesn't have to be about gender, it could be about race, it could be about class.
03:17:59.000 But once you've said too many things, Then I can say, look, I don't see any way of squaring all of your positions.
03:18:07.000 And it doesn't even have to do with me.
03:18:10.000 I think that's where we haven't gone to yet.
03:18:13.000 So you think letting them come up with as many preposterous things as possible, and then once it gets to a position where the ideas contradict each other, expose that...
03:18:23.000 Well, that's my point, which is once you've told me all of your principles...
03:18:28.000 Then I'm going to say, great, I'm confused.
03:18:31.000 Do you feel that I have to understand you or that I can't understand you?
03:18:36.000 Because I don't know which is operative in this situation.
03:18:39.000 Tell me the rule how I decide which principle that you've stated governs this situation.
03:18:46.000 One last point about that.
03:18:49.000 I don't want to have to refer to you where you say, well, you bring me each individual situation and I... Will tell you which principle is operative and which principle is inoperative.
03:19:01.000 That doesn't work.
03:19:01.000 I want you to list your principles and list your mechanisms for resolving the conflicts within your principles.
03:19:08.000 And then, once you've done that, we can actually evaluate what you're saying.
03:19:13.000 But at the moment, it requires you as an oracle to tell me which of your seemingly contradictory positions is operative in every particular case.
03:19:23.000 So, for example, We did that one with the person who was the quantum ex-Muslim, trans-trans, you know, everything going on.
03:19:33.000 Which is operative?
03:19:34.000 The person with machilophobia, which is an extremely rare psychological condition, or the person who appears to be deep into some radical self-actualization principle?
03:19:49.000 They're even.
03:19:50.000 The person who wears that crazy makeup should be able to wear whatever they want.
03:19:54.000 There's nothing wrong with it.
03:19:55.000 You should be able to dress like Paul Stanley from KISS if that's your thing.
03:19:57.000 Assume that that's true.
03:19:58.000 But what if, for example, as a heterosexual male, you don't want to watch the crying game at the Victoria's Secret runway show?
03:20:08.000 Do you really think that Victoria's Secret runway show is for the heterosexual male?
03:20:14.000 In some sense, yes.
03:20:16.000 What, guys?
03:20:17.000 Have you ever watched the Victoria's Secret fashion show?
03:20:20.000 That's what the guy said.
03:20:21.000 He said it was a fantasy.
03:20:23.000 That's what he's branding it as.
03:20:24.000 Save it.
03:20:25.000 No, no, no.
03:20:26.000 I mean, there's something between...
03:20:28.000 A fantasy of Victoria's Secret.
03:20:30.000 A senior executive recently told Vogue that trans models don't belong in the fantasy of Victoria's Secret fashion show.
03:20:38.000 Well, you know, that's on him, you know?
03:20:42.000 I mean, he wants to...
03:20:43.000 But just because he says it doesn't mean it's true.
03:20:45.000 I get it.
03:20:45.000 If you looked at the graph of male-to-female viewers of a Victoria's Secret fashion show...
03:20:49.000 I have no idea.
03:20:50.000 ...it would be, like, a few prepubescent boys and the vast majority of women, and maybe some gay guys.
03:20:55.000 But that's it.
03:20:56.000 Is that right?
03:20:57.000 It's gotta be.
03:20:58.000 Who the fuck is sitting around...
03:21:00.000 It's on in an hour.
03:21:01.000 What are you doing?
03:21:02.000 Oh, we're getting some popcorn ready for the Victoria's Secret fashion show.
03:21:05.000 Doug's coming over, Mike, and we're going to drool at the TV. Get the fuck out of here.
03:21:09.000 There's porn, and then there's everything else.
03:21:12.000 Everything else is for chicks.
03:21:14.000 Okay.
03:21:14.000 Runway shit?
03:21:15.000 I don't know that.
03:21:16.000 There's not a single guy out there watching runway shit.
03:21:18.000 It's like, remember when Playboy had Playgirl?
03:21:22.000 That was for gay dudes.
03:21:23.000 It's for gay dudes.
03:21:24.000 It's not for chicks.
03:21:26.000 They don't want to see that.
03:21:27.000 And we don't want to see runways.
03:21:29.000 We're not here for runways.
03:21:31.000 We get bored easy.
03:21:32.000 Bunch of chicks walking around in their underwear.
03:21:34.000 Actually, I think you're calling it very...
03:21:37.000 You may be right about who the audience is.
03:21:39.000 I have no idea on the demographics.
03:21:41.000 I've never watched one of these in my life.
03:21:43.000 But it's not the case that I believe that the male gaze is nowhere to be found here because...
03:21:49.000 It's a very weird thing that the female is largely buying an amplifier for something that is supposed to excite a male, but it's a little bit to me like the female is the magician buying magic supplies at a store for the audience.
03:22:06.000 Right?
03:22:06.000 Sure, sure.
03:22:07.000 That's a good way of looking at it.
03:22:09.000 I don't think the male gaze is absent.
03:22:11.000 I just don't buy his interpretation that it's a fantasy for men that's ruined with trans men or trans women.
03:22:17.000 I don't have a dog in that fight.
03:22:20.000 It seems silly.
03:22:20.000 It seems silly.
03:22:21.000 It's like if you don't want transgender people to be in there, you just have to say...
03:22:24.000 You can't say it ruins the fantasy.
03:22:27.000 You just say, we only like hiring people that have vaginas.
03:22:30.000 I don't know.
03:22:31.000 Do whatever you want.
03:22:33.000 There's certain jobs, if you go to Chippendales, are trans women showing up at trans men?
03:22:38.000 Are they at Chippendales?
03:22:39.000 Where they're just smooth down there because they don't have a dick, but they're all jacked and they look like a man?
03:22:45.000 Is this what women want to see?
03:22:46.000 And are they transphobic if they don't want to see that?
03:22:48.000 If women go to one of those all-male review shows and it's all trans men, but they're heterosexual and they're not really into trans men, are they all transphobic?
03:22:59.000 Yeah, so what I'm trying to get at is there's a hierarchy, like I'm not that interested in this, in the particulars of Victoria's Secret's profitability and what their statements are.
03:23:10.000 What I'm more interested in is you've enunciated so many, there's so many different principles at work here as to what should govern in a conflict that you won't tell me Well, okay, when these two beautiful things that you've said actually lie in conflict,
03:23:28.000 how do you resolve the conflicts?
03:23:30.000 And it seems to be, well, why don't you consult us on every single one of these and we'll tell you, you know, case by case.
03:23:37.000 And that can't work because what I want to know is I don't want to appoint you as an oracle.
03:23:42.000 I want you to state what your positions are.
03:23:44.000 I want you to state how you harmonize them.
03:23:47.000 And then we're having a conversation.
03:23:48.000 But as long as I have to keep going to you and your crazy definitions and your, well, this is operative on alternate Tuesdays, then it doesn't work.
03:23:57.000 I completely see your point.
03:23:58.000 However, you can't give ground.
03:24:00.000 You can't give ground to nonsense because that ground is never getting back.
03:24:04.000 You're never getting it back.
03:24:05.000 If you allow them to establish certain ridiculous principles and rules that are contradictory to each other, they'll come up with a reason why they make sense.
03:24:12.000 No, no, no.
03:24:12.000 You don't allow them to put it into the workforce.
03:24:14.000 You say, look, before we put it into the workforce, Let's just understand the 17 different things that you've said are absolutes.
03:24:22.000 Well, you're basically doing then what Jordan does in every single one of these debates.
03:24:26.000 You're letting people lay out their idea and then you shoot them down.
03:24:29.000 And you decide what's logical and what's illogical.
03:24:33.000 I think that's the UFC of ideas.
03:24:36.000 And this is why it's important to let these shitty ideas into the match.
03:24:39.000 Okay, why do we still have so much...
03:24:42.000 Caught up in the Aikido League and the Kung Fu League.
03:24:46.000 Because it sounds good.
03:24:47.000 People like the idea that you don't have to learn much.
03:24:49.000 You can just go in there with a death touch and fuck people up.
03:24:51.000 They don't want to think that, oh, you have to practice for 10,000 hours.
03:24:55.000 You have to sprawl and work on your leg kicks and work on your Muay Thai clinch.
03:24:58.000 So maybe this public shaming is death touch.
03:25:00.000 Well, debating.
03:25:02.000 These, I think, honestly, and I'm not trying to blow Jordan's horn any more than I already have, but I think what he does is very important because he is one of the few that engages in these people in these very public forums, in these long-form debates where they go to war with ideas.
03:25:20.000 And these are way better conversations.
03:25:23.000 Because he's fucking good at it.
03:25:24.000 They want to chop him down.
03:25:26.000 They're not picking you so much.
03:25:27.000 Because I'm friendly.
03:25:28.000 I'm not as, like...
03:25:30.000 I'm not as combative as he is.
03:25:32.000 Oh, I see.
03:25:32.000 And I'm also not as smart as he is, and I'm also not as, I'm not, I don't have the credentials.
03:25:36.000 Oh, yeah, you're a meathead.
03:25:37.000 Yeah, yeah, yeah.
03:25:37.000 I don't have the credentials that he has.
03:25:38.000 Like, when he's the University of Toronto professor, he's a PhD, when he's going to war with these people, they're throwing out valiant warriors to die at his sword.
03:25:48.000 Well, did you hear what just happened with Brett and Richard Dawkins?
03:25:52.000 In Chicago?
03:25:52.000 They appeared on stage for the first time.
03:25:55.000 Oh.
03:25:55.000 Did they oppose each other?
03:25:56.000 Oh, yeah.
03:25:57.000 Really?
03:25:57.000 On religion.
03:25:59.000 Oh.
03:26:00.000 Well, is Dawkins now religious?
03:26:02.000 No, no, no.
03:26:02.000 Dawkins is staunchly in that sort of new atheist, aggressive God.
03:26:06.000 I panicked because I know he had a stroke.
03:26:08.000 Oh, okay.
03:26:09.000 You know what I'm saying?
03:26:10.000 I thought your brother was an atheist as well.
03:26:12.000 Yeah.
03:26:13.000 But Brett doesn't think that religion is a virus.
03:26:17.000 It's not parasitizing humans.
03:26:18.000 He believes that religion is actually an adaptation.
03:26:21.000 And the weird thing was He said, look, there's young Dawkins and there's old Dawkins.
03:26:27.000 And young Dawkins came up with these two powerful ideas, the idea that the meme, the unit of ideation, is a gene-like object.
03:26:38.000 He also came up with the idea of the extended phenotype.
03:26:42.000 So when you talked about that ant mound that you were excavating, that ant mound is in some sense part Of the ant strategy, it's so deeply tied in that you have to consider the ant mound as part of the ant system because it can't exist without that complicated underground city.
03:27:01.000 And so what he said was, okay, if I use these two concepts, that memes are like genes and that genes can throw off a bad meme instantly, so memes have to ride on a gene, And they can't parasitize it too much.
03:27:18.000 And you also have this inclusive fitness, which is that maybe religions co-travel with us and allow us to outcompete those who don't have them, because they seem to be found everywhere.
03:27:28.000 They're so prevalent.
03:27:29.000 If you looked at it objectively, not looked at it in terms of how you feel about...
03:27:36.000 Right.
03:27:50.000 And I think Dawkins had this kind of reaction like, oh, crap.
03:27:55.000 I'm meeting an ultra-Darwinist who's read my work, taken it seriously, and is feeding it back in and saying, you, Richard Dawkins, in your younger years, established ideas who, when those ideas' logical consequences are explored,
03:28:12.000 it completely negates your late-life hatred for religion.
03:28:17.000 Because it reveals it to be an adaptation rather than a parasitization of the human species.
03:28:22.000 You know the real problem that I've always had with Dawkins and his take on religion is not that he's wrong or they're right.
03:28:30.000 It's his anger that he has when he's talking to people that believe.
03:28:34.000 He sets up the kind of like heavy conflict That, you know, the way people interact with each other, the reactions are very dependent upon the attitude that a person has when they go into this interaction.
03:28:51.000 You know, two people meet on the street, one person meets that person, says the same words, and they wind up hugging.
03:28:58.000 Another person meets that person and has a fist fight.
03:29:01.000 Right.
03:29:01.000 Like, what's the difference?
03:29:03.000 Well, there's a lot of it is the way you approach people.
03:29:05.000 A lot of it is the way you accept people's ideas, the way you communicate with them, the way you allow them to fully express themselves without judgment, and he doesn't buy any of that.
03:29:15.000 He feels like there's a war going on, and he's got to shut down religion as quickly as possible.
03:29:20.000 Well, that's the thing.
03:29:20.000 He wanted to...
03:29:22.000 No, go ahead.
03:29:24.000 He wanted to fashion science into a cudgel that was maximally efficient for beating the crap out of religion.
03:29:32.000 That's a great way to put it.
03:29:33.000 And what Brett did is to say, actually, your scientific work goes in the exact opposite direction.
03:29:39.000 The reason I brought it up was it was one of these unexpected occurrences that when you have a meeting of these things, and this is your point about the UFC, is that the mixed martial arts thing is, hey, we don't know what's going to work.
03:29:51.000 We don't know what's going to happen.
03:29:52.000 Nobody knows anything yet.
03:29:54.000 And gradually, we came to understand that there were certain systems that were hyper-effective and that even those could get – you were making the point earlier about Brazilian jiu-jitsu didn't keep advancing at the same level once we understood the role of all of these different systems in advancing fighting.
03:30:12.000 So the question that I'm having repeatedly is, what kept Brett and Dawkins, for example, from having that meeting?
03:30:22.000 Where I think Dawkins probably didn't fully understand what he was getting into when he agreed to appear with an evolutionary theorist on stage.
03:30:30.000 But don't you think that he's just very confident in his ideas?
03:30:32.000 He's very confident in his intellectual capabilities?
03:30:35.000 He's been doing these type of debates and shutting down these secular people or these people that are, I mean, from various religions, right?
03:30:42.000 I mean, he's had these debates with people from Judaism, from Christianity.
03:30:47.000 He's been, it's part of his career.
03:30:49.000 Right.
03:30:49.000 Yeah, I mean, and even, what the fuck's his name?
03:30:53.000 The Indian fellow who everybody makes fun of.
03:30:59.000 Dinesh D'Souza?
03:31:20.000 I mean, I've seen him debate him, too.
03:31:22.000 Yeah, but you like these videos of the fake martial arts guys, and they show up for the challenge because they've actually bought it.
03:31:30.000 Right.
03:31:31.000 Same with Deepak.
03:31:32.000 Well, this is what I'm trying to get at.
03:31:34.000 Isn't it interesting that, in general, the people who say immigration is a pure good, there is no connection between Islam and terror, The only people who oppose free trade or protection is these people know enough not to want to trounce us.
03:31:53.000 Because what they're saying is wrong, right?
03:31:56.000 And they're expert enough to know that they've got a secret five-point exploding heart technique or something.
03:32:04.000 And they know it's nonsense.
03:32:06.000 And so they won't actually...
03:32:07.000 I don't think they do.
03:32:08.000 Well, then why don't they want in?
03:32:12.000 I don't think they necessarily do actually believe that they're wrong.
03:32:18.000 I do think that some of these people that are like super progressive and very committed to some of these maybe illogical positions on some of these ideas are afraid of conflict though.
03:32:30.000 And I think that's one of the reasons why they shy towards progressivism, towards socialism.
03:32:35.000 I don't think they like conflict.
03:32:37.000 Some of them don't.
03:32:38.000 No, no, no.
03:32:38.000 They like to get together and scream at people.
03:32:40.000 This is what they like to get together in large groups and say, we know where you sleep.
03:32:45.000 You fucking racist.
03:32:46.000 You fucking piece of shit.
03:32:47.000 But one-on-one, they're cowards.
03:32:50.000 This is the type of person that would think it's a good idea to show up and bang on someone's door and scare them in their home.
03:32:58.000 That type of person is not the type of person that looks forward to on an even battlefield engaging someone one-on-one and just Just open communication.
03:33:09.000 That's not what they're doing.
03:33:10.000 What they're doing is trying to silence people, scare people, intimidate people.
03:33:14.000 They're bullies, intellectual bullies.
03:33:16.000 People who are bullies are almost always insecure.
03:33:18.000 They're almost always scared.
03:33:19.000 So this is why there's been very few people that are jumping forward to try to go to intellectual war.
03:33:25.000 But wouldn't Rachel Maddow or...
03:33:29.000 Linda Sarsour won in.
03:33:32.000 You're dealing with two very different types of human beings.
03:33:34.000 Rachel Maddow is one thing.
03:33:35.000 Linda Sarsour is a very, very seriously religious person who's got some very deep beliefs as far as Islam.
03:33:43.000 She wears the hijab.
03:33:45.000 Two totally different things.
03:33:47.000 But if I listed a group of people, like the late night comedians.
03:33:52.000 I think we're good to go.
03:34:09.000 They all know that climate science is settled science.
03:34:13.000 I mean, there's some that they have these pretty much open borders are a great thing, and that everybody who doesn't believe in that is only not believing it because of xenophobia.
03:34:27.000 Whatever these set of beliefs are, I don't see these guys in open discussion, particularly, you know, two hours long.
03:34:37.000 Well, I don't think it's a...
03:34:39.000 Could you get Stephen Colbert or Seth Meyers in here and have a discussion?
03:34:45.000 My guess is...
03:34:46.000 Really?
03:34:46.000 Yeah, I'm sure.
03:34:48.000 I'm sure.
03:34:49.000 I'm sure they'd be...
03:34:51.000 It's not like they're scared of having discussions with people, but they would have to be very measured because they could lose their job.
03:34:59.000 It's not that simple.
03:35:01.000 They make a tremendous amount of money.
03:35:03.000 If they came and said anything that could be misconstrued or misinterpreted even, not even actually being something that's actually transphobic or actually homophobic or actually xenophobic, if they said anything that could be taken out of context and put in a small clip and then sent out and it goes virally,
03:35:23.000 they're done.
03:35:24.000 Look at Megyn Kelly.
03:35:25.000 Megyn Kelly had a question about why can't you wear makeup to look like Diana Ross?
03:35:32.000 Why can't you?
03:35:32.000 Well, there's some good reasons why you can't.
03:35:34.000 There's some good racial history behind blackface.
03:35:36.000 However, why is it that she can't even ask a question without losing her job?
03:35:42.000 Like, that's it!
03:35:43.000 Pull the plug!
03:35:44.000 We have to make a fucking statement!
03:35:46.000 We abhor violence!
03:35:47.000 We abhor racism!
03:35:48.000 That's exactly what you said about the whole kung fu thing, that it only can exist in a protected context.
03:35:55.000 Well, first of all, someone like Megyn Kelly can only exist in a protected contest.
03:36:00.000 All these people in a protected contest.
03:36:02.000 Stephen Colbert has, like, got to be one of the fastest minds on the planet.
03:36:07.000 Everybody I know who's smart, who's done his show, says he just thinks faster than you do.
03:36:10.000 Well, I'm sure he's a very smart guy.
03:36:12.000 Yeah, I'm sure he is.
03:36:12.000 He's quick on his feet.
03:36:13.000 Okay.
03:36:14.000 But...
03:36:14.000 But he's also a Catholic.
03:36:15.000 Devout.
03:36:16.000 Yeah.
03:36:17.000 Yeah.
03:36:17.000 I don't...
03:36:18.000 Yes.
03:36:19.000 Yeah, it doesn't bother me.
03:36:20.000 It bothers me.
03:36:21.000 It doesn't bother me.
03:36:21.000 It's an organization of kid fuckers.
03:36:23.000 Well, how come he's not speaking out against all those kids getting fucked?
03:36:28.000 Well, that's...
03:36:28.000 If you're a Catholic...
03:36:29.000 Yeah.
03:36:30.000 Like, I was raised Catholic.
03:36:32.000 I mean, I'm not saying that he is.
03:36:33.000 I'm not saying that the people he knows are.
03:36:35.000 But this is a giant problem with that organization.
03:36:38.000 But that's not what's not bothering me.
03:36:40.000 What's not bothering...
03:36:41.000 Does that bother you?
03:36:43.000 I want to make sure that we're talking...
03:36:45.000 I think we're about to talk past each other, so I want to bring it back.
03:36:48.000 Okay.
03:36:48.000 Okay.
03:36:50.000 I think you just gave me an answer, which is he can't appear in this kind of a context because that might come up.
03:36:58.000 And he needs to be in a world with much more restricted rules.
03:37:02.000 Where someone can't say it's an organization of kid fuckers.
03:37:05.000 That's right.
03:37:06.000 Yeah.
03:37:07.000 But that's not just more restricted worlds.
03:37:09.000 That's the reason why that has been able to survive.
03:37:14.000 That's what I'm trying to get at.
03:37:15.000 Is that people don't talk about that.
03:37:16.000 But is the idea that this is such a – like your point about Aikido was if you happen to be unarmed and attacked by a man with a sword, this might have some value.
03:37:26.000 It would have some value if someone attacked you in a very specific way and didn't understand Aikido.
03:37:31.000 So the idea is that that's a very restricted rule set on which to fight, right?
03:37:35.000 So now maybe what you just said to me, which could open this whole thing up, is that all of these people can only apply their ability to have a back and forth of ideas If the rules are heavily restricted?
03:37:50.000 I don't necessarily think that's the case.
03:37:52.000 I think they could do it in other ways.
03:37:54.000 I think all of them are operating under this rule system because this rule system is how they get paid.
03:38:00.000 But I think Seth Meyers is a very smart guy.
03:38:02.000 I know Jimmy Kimmel.
03:38:03.000 He's a very smart guy.
03:38:04.000 They could do whatever they want.
03:38:05.000 He could do a podcast.
03:38:06.000 He could do anything.
03:38:07.000 He could operate in any genre, I believe.
03:38:10.000 I would imagine the same with Colbert.
03:38:12.000 I mean, I think Jimmy Fallon, same thing.
03:38:15.000 But when they're forced into that box, and this is a hundred million dollar a year box, you know, it feels good in that box.
03:38:22.000 It's fucking velvet walls and you get to drive a fat Mercedes and live in Beverly Hills.
03:38:27.000 You decide to stay in that box.
03:38:30.000 Maybe their mind is in that box.
03:38:32.000 Maybe they operate on a regular basis.
03:38:35.000 Maybe there's not any restriction for them at all because this is how they operate all the time.
03:38:39.000 I did the show with Jordan and Ben Shapiro on Dave's set right before Ben went on Real Time with Bill Maher.
03:38:48.000 And Ben was kind of excited to do Bill Maher.
03:38:51.000 He said, I don't think he's going to rough me up.
03:38:53.000 I think he's going to be a gentleman.
03:38:55.000 I think he's one of us.
03:38:56.000 And then when Ben sat down with Bill, we saw this thing that was very – we were sort of hoping because Bill is kind of the most towards us of anybody in that kind of mainstream environment.
03:39:07.000 Mm-hmm.
03:39:08.000 And what I saw, which I hadn't really appreciated, was that Bill was not doing this kind of open discussion thing.
03:39:16.000 A lot of his tone was leading, like, surely you're not going to say that.
03:39:20.000 You know, it wasn't just purely saying, are you saying that?
03:39:25.000 It was all of this emotional instruction.
03:39:28.000 And it was clear to me that...
03:39:33.000 When I saw Ben in that context, there were only a few hours separating the two appearances, and that the characteristics of that environment, and where Bill's show is the most like this show, that it's just too different.
03:39:48.000 It's not really the same ecosystem, and you couldn't have an open debate.
03:39:53.000 Unless it cuts off after seven minutes and the host is in control.
03:39:57.000 Well, Bill doesn't have any time.
03:39:59.000 This is part of the problem.
03:40:00.000 It's part of it.
03:40:01.000 They have a very restricted format.
03:40:03.000 He was doing a conversation with Steve Bannon, and he was on Sam Harris' podcast, and he was talking about it, and he said that one of the problems was he got to this point where he was like, I wanted to ask him more stuff, but I ran out of time.
03:40:15.000 And I heard that, and I was like, what the fuck kind of ancient system are you operating under that you run out of time?
03:40:23.000 Well, he definitely did run out of time.
03:40:24.000 Assume that that's true.
03:40:25.000 Assume that Bill Maher said, hey guys, I want the following situation.
03:40:29.000 I want to continue to do real time in the same format that it's always been done.
03:40:32.000 But I want to have a podcast like Rogan where we take as much time as we need.
03:40:37.000 And I don't think those two things play together.
03:40:39.000 Oh, they're fine together.
03:40:41.000 Yeah, I think they're fine together.
03:40:42.000 I'll bet you beer that they're not.
03:40:44.000 Well, here's the thing.
03:40:45.000 He went on Sam's podcast, and I enjoyed him more than I enjoy him on his show.
03:40:49.000 I know.
03:40:50.000 Tucker didn't look the same way on Dave Rubin's show, though.
03:40:53.000 He looked totally different.
03:40:55.000 How do you look?
03:40:55.000 I didn't see it.
03:40:56.000 Oh, my God, you got to see it.
03:40:58.000 You know, Tucker, you know, I'm having my own weird issues where I used to, you know, my previous position was that Fox News is just propaganda and that Tucker was in that old crossfire situation way back when.
03:41:13.000 Tucker was opening up as a different person, saying, you have the freedom, you're the new, I'm still stuck in the old.
03:41:19.000 Well, he must really feel that.
03:41:21.000 He must really feel like he is.
03:41:22.000 Look, that is what you have to do if you want to survive on Fox News.
03:41:27.000 And again, it's a velvet coffin.
03:41:30.000 You're in there.
03:41:31.000 It's beautiful.
03:41:32.000 You're getting paid shitloads of money.
03:41:34.000 But you don't necessarily have the freedom to express.
03:41:37.000 First of all, you don't have long-form freedom.
03:41:39.000 Right.
03:41:39.000 And you don't have the freedom to completely express yourself across the border.
03:41:43.000 You can't look at the left's ideas and say, you know what, I really like the idea of universal health care.
03:41:48.000 I really like the idea of universal basic income.
03:41:50.000 I really like the idea of paying for people's school.
03:41:54.000 But Joe, I think you and I actually have a really interesting difference of opinion.
03:41:57.000 I think your opinion is there's nothing preventing you from staying in the Velvet Coffin and doing this style of podcast.
03:42:05.000 No, no, no.
03:42:05.000 I'm not saying that.
03:42:06.000 I'm only saying that with Bill Maher.
03:42:08.000 I think Tucker Carlson probably can't do that.
03:42:10.000 I think Tucker Carlson left.
03:42:12.000 Could Colbert do it?
03:42:13.000 Yes.
03:42:13.000 I don't think so.
03:42:14.000 I think he could.
03:42:15.000 I don't think he would, though.
03:42:17.000 I think he, out of all of them, and I think he's brilliant.
03:42:19.000 Don't get me wrong.
03:42:20.000 And when I said he's from an organization of kid fuckers, it's not him.
03:42:24.000 I mean, but he's a part of the Catholic.
03:42:26.000 But you could do Seth Meyer.
03:42:27.000 You could do any one of these people.
03:42:28.000 They're all bright and gifted people.
03:42:29.000 The Catholic thing is a big thing.
03:42:30.000 I mean, it's a big thing in terms of, first of all, the actual reality of the organization and what they've done to protect people that have molested children.
03:42:38.000 It's unprecedented.
03:42:39.000 Right.
03:42:39.000 It's also something that I was raised in.
03:42:41.000 I mean, I was Catholic.
03:42:42.000 I went to Catholic school.
03:42:44.000 I don't think that he wants to do that sort of wild country, open-type internet show.
03:42:53.000 I think he enjoys wearing a tie and doing a straight-up talk show like the Johnny Carson show or the Jay Leno show, and I think he's very, very good at it.
03:43:02.000 And I don't think there's anything wrong with that.
03:43:03.000 I think a lot of people like that format.
03:43:04.000 Okay, that's on preference, and I understand that.
03:43:05.000 But I think that's him.
03:43:06.000 I might be wrong.
03:43:07.000 I'm just assuming.
03:43:08.000 I'm claiming that there's a drug interaction.
03:43:09.000 Seth Meyers could do different.
03:43:10.000 A what?
03:43:11.000 A what interaction?
03:43:12.000 That if you tried to do both of these things, I see what you're saying.
03:43:29.000 I think you're probably right.
03:43:30.000 I think if you had two people having these conversations in long form instead of those CNN three windows where they're just battling it out for six minutes and then everybody's yelling over everybody, that is the single worst way to argue ideas.
03:43:47.000 I think there's no Gracie challenge.
03:43:48.000 There's not.
03:43:49.000 Well, Jordan Peterson is kind of doing his own Gracie challenge.
03:43:52.000 It's only about gender.
03:43:54.000 Yeah, and he's the only one they want.
03:43:57.000 Yes.
03:43:58.000 Which is, I think, a puzzle.
03:44:00.000 He's the hoist crazy of the intellectual dark web.
03:44:01.000 He's the hoist crazy.
03:44:04.000 He is!
03:44:05.000 He's out there tapping wrestlers.
03:44:07.000 Yeah.
03:44:08.000 I mean, I think...
03:44:11.000 Legitimately, he's worked his way past the Kung Fu people and he's now on to Olympic wrestlers.
03:44:17.000 They're throwing at him.
03:44:18.000 This latest woman was very good.
03:44:20.000 She's much better than that Kathy Newman lady.
03:44:23.000 She didn't make any of these ridiculous straw man arguments.
03:44:26.000 She came at him with her positions and her points.
03:44:29.000 It was interesting.
03:44:30.000 I think what you're saying is true for everybody except Bill Maher.
03:44:34.000 I think Bill Maher would hold his positions in podcast form, and I think he would just have more time to expand on them, and I base this on him being on Sam Harris' show, and I find it to be very good.
03:44:47.000 It was the 10th anniversary of Religious, and he was excellent on there.
03:44:51.000 I think he could do it.
03:44:52.000 But I think he's also, he can say, fuck you.
03:44:55.000 He got in trouble for dropping an N-bomb on his show in a joking form.
03:44:59.000 I mean, he's a different cat.
03:45:00.000 The whole thing is very different with him.
03:45:02.000 He's on HBO. But when Ice Cube came to him and said, you can't do that, it was painful to me because I was positive that he had a Carlin-style attitude about that word.
03:45:13.000 That's tough.
03:45:13.000 Because in this environment, again, that's where he makes his living.
03:45:17.000 He butters his bread over at HBO. And if you wanted to have a long-form conversation with that guy, even on a podcast, and he didn't have an HBO show, that's one thing.
03:45:25.000 But if you do have an HBO show, you have to have a totally different attitude because you're walking a goddamn tightrope.
03:45:32.000 But this is what I'm trying to get at, is that we are too dangerous, in some sense, to play with.
03:45:40.000 He's asked, I've talked, Bill and I actually went back and forth on an email about something.
03:45:45.000 I think I dropped the ball, but no, he would do anybody's podcast.
03:45:49.000 I don't think that's the case.
03:45:50.000 He could do his own podcast as well.
03:45:52.000 I agree that he would be the one most likely to be able to do both.
03:45:55.000 He could do it.
03:45:56.000 Yeah.
03:45:56.000 He could do it.
03:45:57.000 I think all of them could do it.
03:45:58.000 I think Seth Meyers could do it too.
03:46:00.000 I think Jimmy Kimmel could probably do it as good or better than any of them.
03:46:03.000 Jimmy absolutely could do it.
03:46:05.000 I mean, the only thing that's holding him back, he's a man of his ideas.
03:46:10.000 He's probably the least likely to alter or manipulate his ideas of anybody that's ever done one of those late night talk show hosts.
03:46:18.000 He's just operating inside a format where you don't swear, and you have a certain amount of time, and you try to be funny, and you say insightful stuff.
03:46:25.000 But he's a very ethical guy, and he's also a very, very smart guy, and he's also very rich.
03:46:30.000 He's got a shitload of fuck you money.
03:46:32.000 And I think Jimmy Kimmel could do it easily.
03:46:34.000 I think a lot of people could do it easily, and I think they're going to have to.
03:46:37.000 I think some point along the line, they're going to realize that the restrictions that they're operating under, unless they really enjoy that format...
03:46:45.000 I don't think those formats are going to be there that long.
03:46:47.000 I think those formats are a lot like sitcoms.
03:46:49.000 They're slowly starting to vanish.
03:46:51.000 For every one Roseanne show that comes up, which is kind of nostalgic and that runs into its own disaster, how many new sitcoms are there that everybody's aware of?
03:47:00.000 Shit, it used to be every time there was a new sitcom, whether it was Friends or Fill in the Blank, whatever the show, Seinfeld, everybody was talking about these new sitcoms.
03:47:09.000 Nobody fucking talks about sitcoms anymore.
03:47:12.000 Well, this is the...
03:47:13.000 This is the thing I took on this morning on Twitter, which was Dave Rubin and Brett Weinstein and myself were talking about this phenomena of very high follower counts with psycho low engagement.
03:47:28.000 Yeah.
03:47:28.000 Oh yeah, that's fake.
03:47:30.000 Those are fake followers.
03:47:31.000 That's what that is.
03:47:32.000 Well, it may be, but...
03:47:33.000 It's a lot of it.
03:47:34.000 But it's very interesting that we're talking about getting rid of visible follower counts and getting rid of likes.
03:47:40.000 Who's saying that?
03:47:42.000 Apparently there's discussion about Jack may have floated some trial balloons that Twitter is going to try to improve the level of conversation.
03:47:49.000 And by getting rid of follower counts.
03:47:51.000 Right.
03:47:51.000 And removing likes.
03:47:53.000 Can you imagine thinking that you're going to improve the level of conversation by getting rid of a heart that you can put on someone's idea?
03:48:00.000 No, it's feedback.
03:48:00.000 It's not a heart.
03:48:00.000 But it's a heart.
03:48:01.000 It's literally a heart.
03:48:02.000 But it's feedback.
03:48:03.000 But you're clicking on a heart.
03:48:04.000 It's on Instagram and on Twitter.
03:48:06.000 It's a heart.
03:48:06.000 It's a like.
03:48:08.000 Here's your little heart.
03:48:09.000 I love you.
03:48:10.000 You're going to get rid of love?
03:48:11.000 Jack.
03:48:12.000 Come on, Jack.
03:48:13.000 You're going to get rid of love?
03:48:14.000 Yeah.
03:48:15.000 You're a terrifying human being, Joe.
03:48:17.000 Why?
03:48:17.000 What?
03:48:18.000 What's terrifying about that?
03:48:19.000 Well, because I'm seeing you blowing kisses in my general direction.
03:48:21.000 I'm remembering all the videos I've watched where you attack some sort of a punching bag with this vicious spinning elbow or something.
03:48:28.000 I'm just thinking like, okay.
03:48:29.000 Listen, you can't...
03:48:30.000 We're talking about ideas here.
03:48:31.000 You can't...
03:48:32.000 No, I want to get out on that stuff later.
03:48:34.000 I want to have my midlife crisis with some instruction from you.
03:48:38.000 I think we've got to end this thing.
03:48:39.000 Okay.
03:48:39.000 We've done four hours and ten minutes, right?
03:48:41.000 Are you kidding me?
03:48:41.000 I'll just show you what they said, though.
03:48:43.000 This was just a couple weeks ago.
03:48:44.000 This is their...
03:48:45.000 We've been saying for a while, we are rethinking everything about the service to ensure we are incentivizing healthy conversation that includes the like button.
03:48:54.000 We are in the early stages of the work and have no plans to share right now.
03:49:01.000 And this is in response to the Telegraph saying, Twitter to remove the like tool and the bid to improve the quality of debate.
03:49:07.000 Yeah, I think something really weird is going on.
03:49:09.000 Well, I mean, what is the quality of debate and by whose definition?
03:49:12.000 I mean, you're definitely not going to change the way people interact with each other.
03:49:17.000 You're just not.
03:49:18.000 People interact with each other because they're anonymous.
03:49:20.000 They have the incentive to talk shit.
03:49:22.000 It's fun.
03:49:23.000 Okay, so the one thing I could ask as we close this thing out is if we could plug not only my Twitter, which is my main thing, but I'm trying to diversify into Instagram and YouTube should I get shut off Twitter.
03:49:35.000 Oh, shit.
03:49:35.000 Are you worried about getting shut off?
03:49:37.000 I'm always worried.
03:49:37.000 But you don't say anything inflammatory.
03:49:40.000 You're a very logical and reasonable guy.
03:49:43.000 So, you think it's really gotten to that point?
03:49:45.000 Well, yeah.
03:49:46.000 I'm actually worried that by being logical and reasonable, I have more of a risk because the things that I'm saying...
03:49:53.000 You're also a recognized intellectual and very left-wing.
03:49:56.000 You're progressive.
03:49:57.000 Yeah.
03:49:58.000 So, why would they shut you off?
03:49:59.000 Oh, I think because they're much more worried about a progressive who says that the current progressiveness is absolute stupidity.
03:50:06.000 That's much more dangerous than some right-winger who's always against anything that's progressive.
03:50:10.000 Yeah.
03:50:11.000 Interesting.
03:50:12.000 There's a war afoot.
03:50:13.000 You love that kind of stuff.
03:50:14.000 You love that cloak and dagger type shit, don't you?
03:50:17.000 Yeah, well, I'm part of the ineffectual dork web.
03:50:20.000 You don't want to coin it.
03:50:21.000 I watch your stuff.
03:50:21.000 I don't say ineffectual.
03:50:23.000 I say intellectual dork.
03:50:24.000 No, you said international dork.
03:50:25.000 That's right.
03:50:26.000 International dork web.
03:50:27.000 Yeah, that's what I call it.
03:50:28.000 Listen, I have to.
03:50:29.000 I can't call myself a part of the dark web.
03:50:32.000 That's just too ridiculous for a man in my position.
03:50:34.000 Okay, we'll see you at the secret hideout later tonight.
03:50:36.000 I'm one of a thousand people.
03:50:39.000 That speak the humor across the lands.
03:50:41.000 Listen, this is effortless.
03:50:44.000 Yeah, I could do this for hours.
03:50:45.000 I had no idea it was four hours.
03:50:47.000 Flew by!
03:50:48.000 Fucking flew by.
03:50:49.000 It was awesome.
03:50:50.000 Can I just give the names?
03:50:53.000 Please do.
03:50:54.000 Alright.
03:50:56.000 I think I am...
03:51:00.000 It really is 510. Jesus.
03:51:02.000 Eric R. Weinstein on Twitter.
03:51:04.000 I'm Eric R. Weinstein on Twitter.
03:51:05.000 I'm Eric Weinstein PhD, I think, on Instagram.
03:51:11.000 And on my Instagram...
03:51:14.000 I linked you on the Instagram.
03:51:16.000 Okay, so I'm ericrweinstein on Instagram, and I'm on YouTube, ericweinsteinphd.
03:51:21.000 Yeah, and if you can't find his Instagram, I linked it on my Instagram.
03:51:25.000 All right.
03:51:25.000 Joe, thanks for having me, buddy.
03:51:26.000 Thank you, my friend.
03:51:27.000 Lots of fun.
03:51:28.000 All right, bye, you fucks.