The Joe Rogan Experience - February 08, 2023


Joe Rogan Experience #1938 - Mariana van Zeller


Episode Stats

Length

2 hours and 56 minutes

Words per Minute

178.94179

Word Count

31,622

Sentence Count

2,592

Misogynist Sentences

24

Hate Speech Sentences

55


Summary

On this episode of The Joe Rogan Experience, the legendary journalist joins us to talk about his new show Trafficked with Mariana Van Zeller, a new show on National Geographic exploring the black market in illegal drugs, guns, and violence in the streets of New York City. We talk about how dangerous it is to get drugs and guns in America, and what it's like to travel the world in a backpack carrying all kinds of illegal drugs and weapons. We also talk about what it was like to buy an AK-47 in a Taco Bell parking lot in Arizona, and how he ended up with an AR-15 in the middle of the night in the desert. And, of course, we talk about guns and immigration. This episode is brought to you by Trafficked, a National Geographic show on the growing illegal drug trade in New York, and Trafficked With Mariana van Zeller. It's on Hulu on Wednesdays at 9pm ET on Hulu, and it's available on Amazon Prime and Vimeo on Thursdays at 10pm ET. Thanks for listening and share the podcast with your friends and family! Cheers, Joe & Rory - The Joe and Rory Show. Logo by Courtney DeKorte. Music by PSOVOD and tyops. Subscribe to the pod by Anchor.fm/TheJoeRogan Experience. and leave us a review on Apple Podcasts! and we'll get a shoutout in next week's episode on the next episode of the podcast. Thank you for listening, Rory McElton John! - Thank you, Rory, for your support and support us. - Rory Mclean, for the podcast! Love Ghost Guns and Guns and Stuff? - Tomahawk? RIP, Tomahawks! Sarah, Sarah, for this episode and Good Morning Joe Podcasts, by Sarah, Caitie, for The Good Morning Podcast, by the Good Life Podcast, and Good Day Podcasts. by The Good Life Project, and the GoodLife Podcast, for Good Thing Podcasts Thanks, Rory and Sarah, Josh, for all your support, Sarah & Sarah, Thanks, Joe, for listening to the podcast Good Life, Sarah Goodday, Sarah and Sarah Goodnight, Good Day, Good Night, Good Luck, Good Morning, Good Blessings, and Thank You, Joe and Good Luck. Love, Sarah


Transcript

00:00:01.000 Joe Rogan Podcast, check it out!
00:00:04.000 The Joe Rogan Experience.
00:00:06.000 Train by day, Joe Rogan Podcast by night, all day!
00:00:12.000 And we're up.
00:00:13.000 Hello, good to see you again.
00:00:15.000 What's happening?
00:00:16.000 Great to see you too.
00:00:17.000 Good to see you alive and well.
00:00:19.000 You scare me sometimes with your dangerous adventures, like real boots on the ground, investigative journalism.
00:00:26.000 We've been all over the world.
00:00:28.000 I think the last time I was here was two years ago.
00:00:30.000 Yeah, last time you had just gotten back from the cocaine manufacturing in the jungle.
00:00:37.000 Which was wild.
00:00:38.000 And then you took a backpack with the stuff and traveled with the...
00:00:43.000 And since I've reported on a lot of other drugs and other crazy situations.
00:00:48.000 And we're now doing, actually already filming season four.
00:00:53.000 Wow.
00:00:53.000 Season three is coming out.
00:00:55.000 Tell people where to get it and what it's called.
00:00:57.000 So yeah, it's Trafficked with Mariana Van Zeller.
00:00:59.000 It's on National Geographic, next day on Hulu.
00:01:01.000 And it's on Wednesdays at 9 p.m.
00:01:02.000 And it's about black market.
00:01:04.000 So it's...
00:01:04.000 Illegal markets around the world, whether it's drugs, guns, fight clubs, anything, illegal surrogacy.
00:01:13.000 The craziest one to me was the getting the guns in America and transporting them to Mexico, that that is going on, and that it's going on with cops.
00:01:25.000 It is.
00:01:27.000 For me, it's always been...
00:01:28.000 I think the first story I did on guns in America was about 12, 15 years ago, where I was able to buy an AK-47 out of a Taco Bell parking lot in Arizona.
00:01:39.000 Where else?
00:01:40.000 Where else?
00:01:40.000 In Arizona.
00:01:42.000 I meant where else but a Taco Bell parking lot.
00:01:45.000 Oh yeah, of course.
00:01:45.000 Both those things.
00:01:46.000 Of course.
00:01:46.000 And then we went to a bar to sort of celebrate the fact that we just filmed this crazy thing that just happened because we knew it was possible that people were doing this but we wanted to show it with our camera so we had sort of secret cameras filming and then I went out and I bought it and we went out to a bar after and I ordered a beer and I forgot my driver's license so it didn't give me a beer.
00:02:07.000 That's hilarious.
00:02:08.000 Isn't that funny?
00:02:09.000 So no beer, but I could go out with a naked 47. And a few days later, we bought a 50 cal out of a guy's garage that we went out into the desert and filmed.
00:02:17.000 Women like it when they get carded.
00:02:19.000 Of course we do.
00:02:20.000 Yeah.
00:02:22.000 Unfortunately, I don't get carded as often nowadays.
00:02:24.000 It's just ridiculous.
00:02:26.000 You know, come on.
00:02:27.000 I guess they have to, I mean, but whatever.
00:02:30.000 Oh, it's ridiculous.
00:02:31.000 I know.
00:02:32.000 21?
00:02:32.000 Come on.
00:02:33.000 I know.
00:02:33.000 Look at me.
00:02:34.000 But this was 12 years ago, so it's possible.
00:02:36.000 Possible.
00:02:37.000 Yeah.
00:02:38.000 How hard is it to buy an AK-47?
00:02:40.000 It was so easy.
00:02:41.000 We went online at the time.
00:02:42.000 I can't remember the name of the website.
00:02:43.000 Backpage.
00:02:44.000 At the time, there was a website called Backpage where you could essentially buy anything.
00:02:48.000 I don't think that website exists anymore, but it's not even on the black market, regular online I think we spoke to the guy 20 minutes before.
00:02:58.000 He said, meet us here.
00:02:59.000 We went there.
00:03:00.000 It was him and his girlfriend were there.
00:03:02.000 He was high on drugs.
00:03:03.000 Oh, boy.
00:03:04.000 And he had an AR-15 with him as well that he was also wanting to sell.
00:03:07.000 We ended up buying the AK. But yeah, so I've been fascinated with sort of how easy it is.
00:03:13.000 How do you know he was high on drugs?
00:03:15.000 Because you could tell.
00:03:16.000 I've reported enough on drugs.
00:03:17.000 Meth, you think?
00:03:19.000 At the time, probably.
00:03:20.000 He was very jittery.
00:03:21.000 Yeah.
00:03:21.000 Yeah, it was definitely an upper.
00:03:23.000 I'm sorry.
00:03:24.000 Jesus.
00:03:25.000 And then, yeah, so then we decided to do this for the first season, actually, of Traffic, the story on guns and how American guns are winding.
00:03:34.000 up in the hands of the cartel in Mexico and how it's responsible for so much of the violence that's happening there and sort of this cycle which I don't think most people think about how then the violence leads people to immigrate to America and then they come here and you know so it's like a cycle of violence and immigration it's all and guns and it's all sort of connected but whenever we do a story on guns and we just one another one that I did on ghost guns was released last week On National Geographic.
00:04:04.000 And it is the most sort of controversial issue, the hot topic that we can always...
00:04:11.000 So I immediately start getting messages of people saying that I should go back to my country and what am I doing?
00:04:17.000 And I'm trying to take away people's rights to want a gun, which is absolutely not the case.
00:04:22.000 And it's...
00:04:24.000 I knew that people wouldn't want to know.
00:04:26.000 That police officers are confiscating guns and then selling those guns to the Mexican cartel.
00:04:31.000 That you, as a legal, law-abiding gun owner in America, wouldn't want that exposed.
00:04:37.000 Yeah, absolutely.
00:04:38.000 And that the guns that people are buying, and particularly with this last episode on ghost guns, which is the fact that the guns that are now these untraceable and licensed guns are so easy to make.
00:04:51.000 And so many of them are ending up in crime scenes across America and on the hands of gang members and, you know, militant groups and anti-government groups.
00:05:00.000 And it's scary.
00:05:02.000 And that's all what we're trying to do as a journalist myself when we decided to do the stories because I started hearing from people talking about how these guns are ending up in the wrong place.
00:05:12.000 How do they make a ghost gun?
00:05:15.000 It is.
00:05:16.000 I'm happy you're asking that because I think it's the biggest people don't understand out there.
00:05:22.000 They think that when you talk about ghost guns that it has to be 3D printed.
00:05:25.000 It's not.
00:05:25.000 A ghost gun is an untraceable gun.
00:05:27.000 It doesn't mean that it has to be 3D printed.
00:05:30.000 However, nowadays, it's basically a gun that doesn't have a serial number.
00:05:34.000 And it could have had a serial number and the serial number was scrubbed.
00:05:37.000 And maybe they put a new fake serial number in there.
00:05:40.000 But what happens is because of the 3D printers, it's now super easy to just print a gun or gun parts at home.
00:05:48.000 So there are all these companies out there who sell 80% kits that have everything to build a gun except for the receiver.
00:05:56.000 But there's a company, for example, called Defense Distributed, ran by Cody Wilson, who was the first one to use a ghost gun or a gun, a 3D-printed gun.
00:06:04.000 Actually, it was called the Liberator.
00:06:06.000 And he got into all sorts of trouble.
00:06:08.000 The Liberator.
00:06:09.000 Yeah.
00:06:10.000 And he's a strong believer in—he wanted his company to be sort of the WikiLeaks for guns so that everybody could have access to guns.
00:06:19.000 So he sells these kits that are 80% kits, and it's everything you need to buy a gun except for the lower receiver, which is what the ATF and the government actually considers to be the gun.
00:06:30.000 What part is the lower receiver?
00:06:31.000 It depends on which weapon, I believe.
00:06:33.000 But it's the bottom...
00:06:34.000 On the guns that he's selling, it's sort of the bottom piece.
00:06:38.000 Oh, okay.
00:06:40.000 There's the Liberator.
00:06:41.000 Yeah, that is a Liberator.
00:06:42.000 Yeah, so this is all 3D printed.
00:06:44.000 And he showed me...
00:06:46.000 So that's an actual gun?
00:06:47.000 That plastic thing?
00:06:48.000 That is.
00:06:48.000 If somebody pulled that on me, I'd be skeptical.
00:06:51.000 And this was several years ago.
00:06:52.000 It's evolved a lot.
00:06:53.000 It's evolved a lot since then.
00:06:55.000 Yeah.
00:06:56.000 A ghost gun.
00:06:57.000 Wow.
00:06:58.000 So that's a real gun?
00:06:59.000 That plastic thing?
00:07:00.000 Ghost guns, too.
00:07:01.000 Yeah.
00:07:03.000 But if you want to see some of the new ones and what they're making, yeah.
00:07:07.000 These are also ghost guns.
00:07:08.000 And some of that is metal.
00:07:11.000 Some of it is metal.
00:07:12.000 It can be all 3D printed.
00:07:14.000 Some of it is metal.
00:07:15.000 So you can buy it from companies like Cody Wilson's.
00:07:17.000 These 3D print metal?
00:07:19.000 Oh, nowadays, yes.
00:07:21.000 Really?
00:07:22.000 It's like a polymer material that's what a lot of the guns are actually made of.
00:07:33.000 Like a carbon fiber or something?
00:07:34.000 Because I've seen carbon fiber barrels for hunting rifles.
00:07:38.000 They make them very light so that people can take them into the backcountry when they go deep into the woods.
00:07:42.000 There's all kinds of parts you can make with 3D printing metal stuff.
00:07:46.000 Oh, one of the craziest things we filmed for this ghost gun episode was actually these teenagers that were also making 3D and ghost guns, and they came to the desert with us, and we spent a whole day with them shooting guns and showing us what they build.
00:08:01.000 And they were also making drop-in sears, which are little pieces to the...
00:08:08.000 Transform a gun from semi-automatic to fully automatic.
00:08:13.000 And they're illegal, actually, in America.
00:08:15.000 You can't buy that at a gun store, but they're making them for 50 cents.
00:08:19.000 Yeah, it's a crazy world.
00:08:23.000 How much of an education are you getting in how fucked we are by your show?
00:08:30.000 Because I would be very pessimistic if I had gone to all the places that you've gone to and seen all the chaos that you've seen.
00:08:38.000 I'm not.
00:08:39.000 I'm not pessimistic at all.
00:08:41.000 I think one of the biggest surprises for me filming this show has been finding out that even the people, not all, but the majority of the people that I've met involved in these illegal activities around the world, that they are very much people just like you and me.
00:08:59.000 And it is more often than not because of a lack of opportunities that they end up involved in a life of crime.
00:09:05.000 And I think there is the idea that no matter how far I travel to the edges of our society and that I can still find people who are relatable and redeemable makes me actually have a very optimistic view of the world.
00:09:21.000 Of course, that doesn't apply to everyone.
00:09:23.000 When I'm interviewing white supremacists who talk about wanting death for minorities or...
00:09:31.000 You know, other people that I've interviewed...
00:09:33.000 Have you done that?
00:09:34.000 You've interviewed...
00:09:34.000 Yeah, we did.
00:09:34.000 We did an episode on...
00:09:35.000 Is that on this season?
00:09:36.000 It's on season two last season on white supremacy.
00:09:40.000 Where did you go?
00:09:42.000 We went to Denver.
00:09:43.000 We interviewed a couple of people in Denver, one of which was a 28-year-old.
00:09:57.000 I can't remember what he was by day, but he showed up wearing a swastika.
00:10:04.000 And he was talking about a race war and he was going to do everything he could to make this race war start.
00:10:10.000 And he was part of Atomwaffen, which is a big white supremacist group that has actually been responsible for some deaths in the US. How many of those people just need like somewhere to belong to and this is like something that they find that they can they can find a bunch of people that are energized about a very specific cause and then they find that if they align themselves with this group there's like a camaraderie and a brothership in this cause even if it's ridiculous and
00:10:41.000 disgusting.
00:10:41.000 I think a lot of them.
00:10:43.000 Yeah.
00:10:43.000 I think the vast majority of them actually.
00:10:45.000 Lost people.
00:10:46.000 Yeah.
00:10:46.000 And it's the danger of the internet, right?
00:10:48.000 Because it's a loudspeaker.
00:10:50.000 Unfortunately, it's a place where you can find that community, but that community is not always good.
00:10:54.000 It's a danger of psychology too, right?
00:10:56.000 The people are easily manipulated and they want to belong to a group.
00:11:01.000 And especially if they think that it's like some sort of a secret group that other people don't know about and that they have this cause they think is valid or just.
00:11:11.000 Or make sense of the world.
00:11:33.000 He's so nice and so smart that when they're with him, they're like, hey, you're different.
00:11:38.000 And like, hey, man, you need some black friends.
00:11:40.000 There's a lot of people like that out there, you fucking idiot.
00:11:43.000 You know, it's like these poor, sad, lost people.
00:11:46.000 And then they're committed to this thing, this horrible idea.
00:11:50.000 I know.
00:11:50.000 So much of it comes out of ignorance.
00:11:52.000 Yeah.
00:11:53.000 Most of it.
00:11:54.000 Yeah.
00:11:54.000 I know.
00:11:55.000 And foolishness.
00:11:56.000 Yeah.
00:11:56.000 And it's just, it's so disheartening that that's prevalent.
00:12:00.000 It is.
00:12:01.000 It's very sad.
00:12:02.000 Yeah.
00:12:02.000 That sense of community is really missing for a lot of people.
00:12:06.000 But, you know, unfortunately it leads to a lot of hate as well.
00:12:09.000 So those were the people that for me were really difficult to empathize with.
00:12:13.000 Yeah.
00:12:14.000 I would imagine.
00:12:15.000 What did you do this season?
00:12:17.000 We did Ghost Guns.
00:12:19.000 We did one on LSD psychedelics.
00:12:22.000 It was my first time ever doing a story on psychedelics.
00:12:24.000 It's a great episode.
00:12:26.000 We basically spent months and months trying to get an interview with an LSD chemist.
00:12:32.000 There's only a few of them out there.
00:12:34.000 Yeah, there's only like five or six in the whole country, which is crazy.
00:12:37.000 I know.
00:12:38.000 I just found that out recently.
00:12:39.000 Yeah.
00:12:40.000 It's really, really hard.
00:12:41.000 And we kept hearing about these hermit chemists who live out in the forest and are hidden.
00:12:48.000 And I mean, we interviewed so many people and talked to so many people to try to get access to.
00:12:53.000 And in the end, we got access to a chemist who is no longer a chemist, but it was one of the most powerful interviews we ever did.
00:13:02.000 So he quit after you interviewed him?
00:13:04.000 No, he got in trouble.
00:13:06.000 He was an LSD chemist.
00:13:07.000 He did time in prison, basically, in the UK. But he's American, and he's now living in Montana.
00:13:16.000 Actually, he lives out of school bus in Montana.
00:13:19.000 And it was a really powerful interview because, you know, I spent so much time reporting on drugs and talking to people who do it because of the money.
00:13:27.000 And with psychedelics, we've filmed a lot of people involved in the psychedelics business selling mushrooms and LSD. And not one single one of them was doing it because of the money.
00:13:37.000 They all told us how they were doing it because of the power of the drug and how LSD has changed them and transformed them.
00:13:43.000 And they really believe in the power of the drug in terms of sort of liberating and raising consciousness in the world.
00:13:49.000 And he was one of them.
00:13:51.000 So here I was finally in front of a chemist who spent, you know, years of his life making LSD and then...
00:13:57.000 And he started crying, bawling, and talking about how...
00:14:01.000 When I asked him, do you know other active chemists out there?
00:14:05.000 And he told me, look, I do, but I would never give you that name because I would take away from them what has been taken away from me.
00:14:14.000 And he starts bawling, talking about what LSD meant for him, what making LSD meant for him, and how he was...
00:14:20.000 Robbed of his life's meaning.
00:14:22.000 It's really incredible.
00:14:24.000 I was not expecting it.
00:14:25.000 So he felt like his life's meaning was to provide it?
00:14:27.000 To provide it and to allow people to experience what he experienced at a young age.
00:14:32.000 Did you have any preconceived notions when you went into that that were dissolved?
00:14:38.000 Absolutely.
00:14:39.000 Again, I think the financial component.
00:14:41.000 Most people that are involved in drug trafficking or the making of drugs do it because of money.
00:14:48.000 And, you know, I don't use drugs, never have, because I'm afraid of losing control.
00:14:57.000 I've tried weed, of course.
00:14:58.000 I tried hash.
00:14:59.000 Oh, one of the episodes we have for the upcoming season is actually about hash, because it's the first drug I tried when I was growing up in Portugal.
00:15:06.000 It's decriminalized in Portugal, right?
00:15:08.000 It's decriminalized.
00:15:08.000 Portugal has an amazing success.
00:15:10.000 Yes.
00:15:12.000 Well, that's part of the problem with illegality, right?
00:15:16.000 When things are illegal, only criminals are selling them, and then law-abiding people are prohibited from taking them.
00:15:23.000 That's right.
00:15:24.000 Which is...
00:15:27.000 Terence McKenna once famously said that freedom includes a freedom to explore your own consciousness.
00:15:34.000 And if you deny people that, you're denying them a basic human right.
00:15:37.000 And I think he's right.
00:15:39.000 Yeah.
00:15:39.000 I mean, one of the guys, the people we interviewed was a former military suffering from PTSD, a young kid.
00:15:49.000 Who had been in Afghanistan, I believe, yes, Afghanistan.
00:15:54.000 And he was part of the bomb-sniffing crew that goes looking for IEDs.
00:15:59.000 And the car that he was in, actually, there was an IED that exploded under him.
00:16:05.000 But it was all protected, so nothing happened to him.
00:16:07.000 He suffered a concussion and was out for a few minutes.
00:16:10.000 And then was rescued, but there was still incoming shooting coming at him.
00:16:13.000 It was like a whole situation, and he was suffering from PTSD. And he told us he was incapable, and he tried everything, all the medication that was available for him by the traditional medical community.
00:16:25.000 And nothing was working, and he says he was having trouble waking up in the morning.
00:16:30.000 He was suffering again from PTSD, and then he tried...
00:16:36.000 Yeah.
00:16:50.000 He had done it before, but was one of the first sort of guided sessions.
00:16:54.000 And it was fascinating to see.
00:16:56.000 And he's now in school, and I'm not sure if his life is all perfectly fine, but he's doing much better according to him.
00:17:05.000 Well, whose life is perfectly fine?
00:17:07.000 Yeah, exactly.
00:17:08.000 It's life.
00:17:09.000 But that is one of the best therapeutic uses of it.
00:17:12.000 Did you speak to anyone at MAPS? We did, actually, up in Canada, too.
00:17:17.000 We spent time in Vancouver as well.
00:17:19.000 It's big there.
00:17:20.000 We spent time with some people who are using it as therapy.
00:17:24.000 And it was, again, as somebody who hasn't done a lot of work with psychedelics, it was really, really incredible.
00:17:33.000 And I have since microdosed on mushrooms, and I really like it.
00:17:40.000 Yeah, it's great.
00:17:43.000 I'm a fan.
00:17:44.000 To me, it does what I think I thought people tell you weed does, which is it makes you sort of relax and laugh.
00:17:51.000 That's what microdosing does.
00:17:52.000 Oh, microdosing does that way better than weed.
00:17:54.000 Right.
00:17:55.000 Because weed, for some people, it gives you that paranoia that they don't like at all.
00:18:00.000 Yeah, that's what happens to me.
00:18:02.000 I think it's if you are more like me, who want to always be in control.
00:18:07.000 The weed doesn't work.
00:18:08.000 But microdosing on mushrooms, I've tried it three times during the pandemic.
00:18:12.000 My position on that is that you should lose control.
00:18:16.000 That feeling of wanting to be in control is ridiculous because you don't have any control anyway.
00:18:20.000 And that you really should embrace this.
00:18:23.000 The paranoia that comes with it, because I think what it is is expanding of your awareness and just how insanely bizarre life is.
00:18:34.000 You can decide that life is normal if you do the same thing every day and you have a limited amount of variability.
00:18:41.000 You drive to work the same way, you work with the same people, you do the same thing, come home with the same family, and life seems okay.
00:18:48.000 And then you get really high and you're like, oh my god, this is crazy.
00:18:51.000 It's true, but for somebody who already lives in the uncomfortable side of life constantly for my work, I'm always in places that usually people would make them feel out of control.
00:19:02.000 Sure.
00:19:03.000 You know what I mean?
00:19:03.000 That's your psychedelic experience.
00:19:04.000 That is my psychedelic experience.
00:19:06.000 Exactly.
00:19:07.000 I don't need another one.
00:19:09.000 I see your position.
00:19:10.000 I mean, I see how people are.
00:19:11.000 And I have very good friends that don't like pot.
00:19:14.000 And I'm a pot evangelist.
00:19:17.000 It changed me.
00:19:18.000 It changed who I am as a person.
00:19:20.000 It changed the way I feel about things.
00:19:22.000 It changed the way I treat people.
00:19:24.000 It changed the way I look at life.
00:19:26.000 I think it's a tool.
00:19:28.000 And I had a joke about it.
00:19:30.000 It's like any tool.
00:19:30.000 It's like a hammer.
00:19:32.000 Build a house with a hammer or you could hit yourself in the dick if you're crazy.
00:19:35.000 And that's the problem with anything.
00:19:38.000 And things are open for abuse.
00:19:41.000 Everything's open for abuse.
00:19:42.000 Gambling, food, everything.
00:19:45.000 Sex.
00:19:45.000 Absolutely.
00:19:45.000 Yeah.
00:19:46.000 People are, you know, we have a problem with discipline and with structure and with an objective analysis of life.
00:19:56.000 And so when you add things like marijuana or mushrooms or LSD or anything to those, there's also people that have legitimate psychological and mental health problems.
00:20:07.000 And for them, it's very dangerous because I had Alex Berenson on.
00:20:12.000 I don't know if you know who he is.
00:20:14.000 He used to be with the New York Times and he wrote a book called Tell Your Children.
00:20:19.000 And it was about Marijuana and the dangers of marijuana.
00:20:23.000 And I had him on with Mike Hart, who's a doctor from Canada who prescribes marijuana.
00:20:28.000 He's a pro-marijuana doctor.
00:20:29.000 And I was actually more on Barron's side, even though I'm a marijuana advocate.
00:20:34.000 I think it's – for me, it's been very valuable.
00:20:37.000 But I also know people that have lost their mind.
00:20:40.000 I 100% know people that used to be okay and did too much pot and got really really deep into it and lost their grip of reality and became either marijuana triggered schizophrenia or they had schizophrenia already and but it was manageable you know that it's probably variable in its intensity and what happens and then their experiences with marijuana pushed them over the edge and I think that's a real possibility.
00:21:09.000 Yeah, but I think you can apply that to a lot of things, right?
00:21:11.000 Yeah, certainly with alcohol.
00:21:13.000 Certainly, yeah, with gambling.
00:21:15.000 Yeah, but again, people have a hard time keeping it together when something like marijuana comes along.
00:21:24.000 But that doesn't mean that it should be illegal.
00:21:26.000 That means there should be some real counseling and there should be places that people can go where they can talk to someone and There should be a way to make it legal.
00:21:40.000 I 100% agree.
00:21:41.000 I mean, one thing we know is that the war on drugs hasn't worked.
00:21:44.000 The billions of dollars that the United States has spent on the war on drugs has actually had the reverse effect.
00:21:50.000 And as you know well, the biggest drug epidemic in America's history was created right here in America by the pharmaceutical companies.
00:21:58.000 Yes.
00:21:58.000 Well, that's how I found out about you from the OxyContin Express.
00:22:01.000 That was so eye-opening.
00:22:04.000 And when you did that, what channel were you guys on back then?
00:22:07.000 Current TV was Al Gore's television channel.
00:22:09.000 It was Al Gore's?
00:22:10.000 That's hilarious.
00:22:11.000 It was actually a really interesting experiment.
00:22:14.000 So it was right before YouTube started.
00:22:16.000 And basically they were trying to, the idea was democratizing television.
00:22:20.000 It was giving young kids out there a platform to go out there and explore the world and come back with these stories.
00:22:26.000 So that's how I started.
00:22:28.000 What year was this?
00:22:29.000 This was 2005 or 6. Oh wow.
00:22:34.000 2005 was when I started, yeah.
00:22:36.000 So a long time ago.
00:22:38.000 And then YouTube came around.
00:22:39.000 It turns out that YouTube was a bigger success than going to TV. But I really, the show that I worked on was called Vanguard.
00:22:45.000 And it was all these young journalists who, most of us had just graduated, but they basically gave us cameras.
00:22:52.000 And in my case, my husband at the time was my boyfriend.
00:22:54.000 We both applied.
00:22:56.000 We're good to go.
00:23:20.000 They didn't have databases back then, which was 100% on purpose.
00:23:24.000 Yeah, so you could go doctor shopping.
00:23:26.000 You could go from pill mill to pill mill or pain clinic to pain clinic to buy prescription pills.
00:23:31.000 The amazing thing is my husband is still reporting on this.
00:23:33.000 He actually had a film on CNN that's coming on HBO Max in April.
00:23:39.000 And it's called American Pain.
00:23:40.000 So I don't know.
00:23:42.000 Do you remember the twins that were running American Pain?
00:23:45.000 It was the biggest pill mill or prescription pain clinic in South Florida.
00:23:52.000 It's called American Pain.
00:23:52.000 And it was run by these two twins who were born conjoined twins.
00:23:57.000 At birth.
00:23:58.000 And then they ran a steroid business and they got in trouble.
00:24:01.000 And then they realized that actually they could make a lot more money from selling OxyContin than they could from selling steroids.
00:24:07.000 So they opened this little small strip mall pain clinic.
00:24:12.000 And as you saw, you know, people started coming in from all over the country and buying.
00:24:17.000 And the doctors wouldn't even look at them.
00:24:18.000 And they were prescribing pills like it was Tic Tacs.
00:24:21.000 And this, we found out about them because we were reporting in Kentucky and we were the sheriff who was, you know, overdoses all around them, people, you know, dying, devastating his community.
00:24:31.000 And a lot of the pill bottles had this name, American Pain.
00:24:35.000 And we started, we went down there and we took out the camera and my husband took out the camera and we, the first shot we got immediately, within minutes, This big SUV came with two big guys who were threatening us and started yelling at us and telling us to leave, that we weren't allowed to film.
00:24:52.000 So we drove off and I'm driving.
00:24:54.000 And this is actually in the film.
00:24:56.000 But I'm driving and my husband's filming and they're right behind us.
00:24:59.000 And we decided to film this as the last thing.
00:25:02.000 We were heading to the airport.
00:25:03.000 And we're driving down 985 to head to the airport, and they start following us.
00:25:08.000 And then I realize I have very little gas.
00:25:11.000 So I stop at the gas station, and they stop right behind us, and they come out of the car.
00:25:15.000 And these were big guys.
00:25:17.000 And the day before, we'd been watching The Sopranos.
00:25:20.000 So in my mind, they were coming out guns a-blazing, and they were going to kill us both.
00:25:24.000 So I drove off.
00:25:25.000 I was so nervous.
00:25:26.000 And I drove off.
00:25:27.000 And they continued following us.
00:25:29.000 And I didn't put gas in the car.
00:25:30.000 So we're at 995. And we called 911 and said, hey, we're being followed by this car to explain the situation.
00:25:38.000 And then I ran out of gas as we were filming.
00:25:41.000 And I pulled over to the curb.
00:25:43.000 But they were so...
00:25:46.000 They had no idea, confused by what was happening, that they just parked behind us and they never came out of the car and then the police arrived.
00:25:53.000 And then they made up an excuse that they thought I was an old girlfriend or something like that.
00:25:57.000 But my husband took down their license plates and found out their names and it was the George brothers, Jeff and Chris George, who were running the biggest prescription or pill mill in America's history.
00:26:09.000 They were making I think something like $40 million a year out of this small little pill mill, you know, strip mall clinic.
00:26:17.000 And it was incredible.
00:26:18.000 And then a year later, one of them just left prison and the other one was still in prison.
00:26:25.000 So those were the guys that were following you, the guys that owned the organization?
00:26:29.000 Yeah, owned American Pain.
00:26:30.000 The organization was just a strip mall clinic, pain clinic, with thousands of patients that would come in and out, and tons of doctors writing prescription pills.
00:26:41.000 And when we were working at the time where we'd been interviewing, off the record, a DEA agent who didn't want to go on the record, That we later found out was actually investigating them, and they had wiretaps.
00:26:53.000 So in Darren's movie, he got his hands on all the wiretaps, so you could hear them.
00:26:59.000 And part of it, there's a part where they talk about us and our film and how we were trying to look into them.
00:27:05.000 So it all sort of came.
00:27:07.000 That's it?
00:27:07.000 South Florida Pain Clinic?
00:27:09.000 Yeah, so South Florida Pain Clinic, and then they changed to a new location, a bigger location, and they called it...
00:27:14.000 Yeah, that's it.
00:27:15.000 We called it American Pain.
00:27:16.000 What a great name, by the way.
00:27:19.000 Yeah.
00:27:19.000 American Pain.
00:27:20.000 And those are the two brothers down there with the fish?
00:27:22.000 Yeah, that's the two brothers.
00:27:24.000 Those are the guys that were chasing you?
00:27:25.000 Yeah.
00:27:26.000 Wow.
00:27:26.000 Well, they found a loophole.
00:27:28.000 It's a crazy story.
00:27:28.000 So they're in prison and Darren, he sends them an email and says, Hey guys, remember that guy that you chased down 995?
00:27:35.000 I'm doing a film about you.
00:27:37.000 Do you want to be interviewed?
00:27:38.000 And they did.
00:27:39.000 It's a great film.
00:27:40.000 What did they say?
00:27:42.000 Did they just spill the beans about what they did?
00:27:45.000 They talked a lot about sort of how they grew up and why they did it.
00:27:52.000 Yeah, I think it's interesting.
00:27:53.000 They had already gotten in trouble, so they had really nothing to lose at that point.
00:27:57.000 But wasn't what they were doing legal?
00:28:00.000 No.
00:28:02.000 So that is the difficulty.
00:28:03.000 And that's why, actually, there should have been a lot more people that went to prison.
00:28:08.000 Unfortunately, they didn't.
00:28:09.000 So the government gets you through other things, racketeering charges, bribery, mail fraud.
00:28:15.000 It's always these other...
00:28:16.000 That's the biggest, I think, outrage about the whole opiate crisis is that There have been almost no pharmaceutical executive that has gone to prison.
00:28:28.000 The pharmaceutical companies are the ones that were actually making the big money, right?
00:28:32.000 And it's not just the Sacklers of Purdue.
00:28:34.000 It's also the generic companies that were making even more.
00:28:37.000 And nobody was actually – I mean nothing practically happened to them.
00:28:43.000 No one did time in prison.
00:28:44.000 And it's so sad when you find out how many people lost their lives and how many people – even if they're alive, their lives are destroyed.
00:28:51.000 I mean, Joe, having traveled and reported on this, the opiate crisis for so long, it's whole communities that have been devastated.
00:29:00.000 It's horrible.
00:29:02.000 It's the biggest sort of outrageous thing that has happened in America.
00:29:08.000 And it was made here.
00:29:10.000 Again, we can blame others, but it was made here because we allowed it to happen.
00:29:14.000 It's just amazing the deception that was involved, too.
00:29:17.000 They tried to claim that they weren't addictive and...
00:29:20.000 They were just passing them out to people.
00:29:24.000 I talked before about this.
00:29:27.000 I had my nose fixed.
00:29:28.000 I had a deviated septum.
00:29:30.000 When I got out of the operating room, I was kind of shocked that it wasn't painful.
00:29:37.000 I was like, this is fine.
00:29:38.000 This is just a little mildly uncomfortable.
00:29:40.000 The doctor tried to give me two different prescriptions for opiates.
00:29:45.000 And I was like, I'm not going to use those.
00:29:47.000 Because I had had knee surgery and I also didn't take pain pills.
00:29:52.000 I don't mind pain.
00:29:53.000 What I really don't like is feeling stupid.
00:29:56.000 And when I took, I think it was, I don't remember if it was Percocets or Vicodin.
00:30:01.000 I don't remember.
00:30:01.000 But one of my first knee surgeries, they gave me one of those.
00:30:05.000 And I took it and I remember being on my couch when I lived in New York and just sitting there watching TV like this.
00:30:12.000 Feeling so stupid and thinking, oh my god, I'm never taking this shit again.
00:30:17.000 Like whatever this is doing to me, first of all, I don't think it really stopped the pain.
00:30:22.000 Because I remember getting up because I had to go to the bathroom and it was like liquid fire was going through my knee.
00:30:28.000 And I was like, if it still fucking hurts like this and I'm dumb as shit, like I am not taking these anymore.
00:30:35.000 I know.
00:30:35.000 It's the ease with which they were dispensed and are still being dispensed to some degree.
00:30:39.000 My doctor was trying to force me to take them.
00:30:42.000 He was like, you really should take these.
00:30:45.000 You're going to be in pain.
00:30:46.000 I go, it's just a little pain.
00:30:48.000 Is it worse than this right now?
00:30:50.000 He goes, it could be.
00:30:51.000 I'm like, how could it get worse?
00:30:53.000 Why is it going to get worse?
00:30:54.000 If it just is mildly uncomfortable now.
00:30:57.000 So the doctor was just like, you should take this.
00:31:00.000 And I was like, why would I take that?
00:31:01.000 But I didn't understand why.
00:31:06.000 Like, couldn't I come back to you if I'm in pain?
00:31:08.000 Like, if I'm not in pain now, why do you want me?
00:31:10.000 It was this weird conversation where it's like, I don't know if he was incentivized to try to prescribe them, if he felt like it would be good for him.
00:31:20.000 I didn't understand it.
00:31:21.000 Like, couldn't you just, if you wrote the prescriptions and I didn't take it, like, what do you care?
00:31:25.000 But he wanted me to take them.
00:31:27.000 Yeah.
00:31:28.000 It was weird.
00:31:28.000 So strange.
00:31:29.000 I mean, that's what was happening with OxyContin.
00:31:31.000 That's what was happening later on.
00:31:33.000 We did another story on fentanyl.
00:31:35.000 That was what was happening with fentanyl, too.
00:31:37.000 You had a company, and we investigated one particular company.
00:31:41.000 I think it's the only CEO of a company that he's now in prison, actually, for what he was doing.
00:31:47.000 But yeah, he was bribing, essentially.
00:31:49.000 And he was charged with bribing.
00:31:50.000 He was bribing doctors.
00:31:51.000 And there was a quota.
00:31:53.000 And he was basically telling them, if you...
00:32:04.000 He was paying them out and taking them on trips, luxurious trips around the world.
00:32:11.000 Telling them not only to prescribe this medication to people who have headaches and back pain, a medication that is made and FDA approved only for breakthrough cancer patients, but yet you go to the doctor and you say you have a headache and this guy knows that he can get a kickback from the company and so,
00:32:27.000 oh, you should take this drug.
00:32:29.000 How much of a kickback was it?
00:32:32.000 It was significant.
00:32:33.000 It was in the thousands of dollars.
00:32:35.000 Some doctors got hundreds of thousands of dollars.
00:32:37.000 And so they were incentivized.
00:32:39.000 Yeah, there was a big incentive to do it.
00:32:40.000 And they were also invited to these luxury vacations to go to speaking fees.
00:32:46.000 What they said is that they were paying them for speaking fees, which basically was good.
00:32:50.000 Bribes.
00:32:50.000 Yeah.
00:32:51.000 I have a good friend who used to be a pharmaceutical representative and he explained to me how it works that he would not just know the doctor, but he got to know, he knew who the doctor's kids' names were.
00:33:02.000 He would show up at their baseball games and he would give them gifts.
00:33:05.000 He would take them out to dinners and it was all about cultivating these relationships.
00:33:10.000 And that it was all about, like, I'm your friend, and they wanted to have this sort of weird cronyism, weird sort of relationship where even if it wasn't illegal, like, clearly he was influencing them to sell more pills.
00:33:28.000 It's so crazy.
00:33:29.000 Yeah.
00:33:30.000 Yeah, it's crazy and it's crazy that it's still happening and it's just shocking that not more people have gotten in trouble because of it.
00:33:38.000 What has changed in Florida?
00:33:40.000 Because they did change and they made a database, right?
00:33:43.000 Yeah, there's a database right now, which was the biggest thing that didn't.
00:33:46.000 So you could go to 10 doctors in one day and get 150 pills from each doctor.
00:33:51.000 At the end of the day, you'd have 1,500 pills and no one would know about it.
00:33:54.000 And then you'd grab those pills and go and sell them to other places of the country where you could get 20 times more for the same drug.
00:34:02.000 Yeah, so the databases, it's just much harder.
00:34:05.000 I think there's one of the things that I remember that we reported on, that you shouldn't be able to prescribe and dispense at the same location because it's a conflict of interest, right?
00:34:15.000 If you're going to make money out of the selling of those pills...
00:34:20.000 It shouldn't be at the same place where you're prescribing them because then there's an incentive for you to prescribe because you're making money from the sale of those pills.
00:34:29.000 So that was happening in Florida as well, and it's not allowed in a lot of other states.
00:34:34.000 And then the horrible truth is that a lot of those people became addicted, and then they had to get it on the black market.
00:34:39.000 So then they were getting fentanyl-laced heroin and massive amount of overdoses.
00:34:44.000 Yeah, the progression was Oxycontin, and then it was heroin, and then it became fentanyl.
00:34:51.000 Yeah, and it's still out there.
00:34:53.000 And yet, you know, we talk about drugs.
00:34:57.000 One of the episodes we did this season that's coming out soon is about MDMA. And we also looked at sort of the therapeutical side of MDMA. But one of the reasons why I became interested in reporting on MDMA... I grew up with going to parties that there was ecstasy all around me,
00:35:14.000 never tried it, knew some friends actually that tried it and it didn't go so well for them.
00:35:19.000 They still have, like you were talking about your friend with the weed, how they went off the deep end a little bit.
00:35:24.000 Oh, they went off the deep end with MDMA? Yeah, one friend I know that used to go to these parties, and I knew her well, and she, yeah, she went off the deep end.
00:35:34.000 I haven't been in touch with her for a while, but it wasn't a good thing.
00:35:38.000 It doesn't hit everybody the same way.
00:35:41.000 Well, not only that, I think a lot of people were doing it almost every day.
00:35:45.000 There was a lot of people that I had heard of that were going to these parties and raves, and they just couldn't wait to get back to that state.
00:35:53.000 Because that state of being high on MDMA was so wonderful and so lovely and just so, you know, everyone was like dancing and touching each other's hands and hugging.
00:36:04.000 Have you tried it?
00:36:04.000 Yeah.
00:36:04.000 Yeah, I tried it.
00:36:04.000 It's the love drug, right?
00:36:05.000 It's called the love drug because of it.
00:36:07.000 It removes all of your inhibitions.
00:36:09.000 You have zero inhibitions and you feel so nice.
00:36:13.000 Really?
00:36:14.000 Yeah, you feel so...
00:36:16.000 It's like...
00:36:19.000 You don't worry about anything.
00:36:20.000 You're just filled with love.
00:36:21.000 It just fills you with, I guess, dopamine and serotonin, right?
00:36:27.000 And you're just overwhelmed by it.
00:36:29.000 And I was thinking, imagine if this could be engineered where humans could have an elevated level of this all the time.
00:36:40.000 You would have the most wonderful world, but probably nothing would get done.
00:36:45.000 I was going to say, I'm sure there's a flip side to that.
00:36:48.000 There's a flip side to everything.
00:36:50.000 But if there was a way to, I was thinking like if there was a way to maintain that state where you had an elevated level of serotonin, like people would treat people so much differently.
00:37:03.000 Yeah.
00:37:03.000 I'm sure, yeah.
00:37:04.000 There's a real—again, it was one of those drugs that when we—the episode we did, there was a lot of people who are real believers in MDMA and talk about it, how it's being used therapeutically.
00:37:15.000 But obviously, there's a flip side to that, too.
00:37:17.000 So the reason we decided to investigate MDMA was because I got an email from my son's school in L.A. And it was from a—basically warning parents that there had been a kid in a school close by, a high schooler, who died 50%.
00:37:31.000 I was thinking they were taking an ecstasy pill and it was laced with fentanyl.
00:37:34.000 Really sad story.
00:37:35.000 But it got me thinking, so who's making ecstasy?
00:37:38.000 Where is it being made?
00:37:39.000 How is it being made?
00:37:40.000 How is it getting here?
00:37:41.000 And then I found out that the biggest, I don't know if you know this, but sort of the center, the best MDMA is actually coming from the Netherlands in Europe.
00:37:58.000 Mm-hmm.
00:38:05.000 Lawyers that were representing this guy that was a whistleblower for one of the big drug leaders was also killed.
00:38:13.000 So there's insane things happening in Holland right now, and a lot of it because of the drug trade and partly because of MDMA. There were videos of torture chambers found.
00:38:24.000 The police did a raid on a place that was being used as torture chambers for rival groups.
00:38:32.000 It's crazy.
00:38:33.000 We had heard about that.
00:38:34.000 Who brought that up recently, Jamie?
00:38:36.000 Someone brought that up about Moroccans and the Netherlands.
00:38:42.000 Who was it?
00:38:43.000 Peter Zion?
00:38:44.000 Was it?
00:38:45.000 I don't know.
00:38:46.000 I'm not sure.
00:38:47.000 It was fairly recently.
00:38:48.000 Yeah.
00:38:49.000 But yeah, that's terrifying.
00:38:50.000 And that's what you get when things are illegal.
00:38:53.000 You get organized crime.
00:38:54.000 That was the prohibition in the United States.
00:38:57.000 It propped up organized crime in the United States.
00:38:59.000 Yeah.
00:39:00.000 So what happened in Portugal, actually, we talked about how it was decriminalized and why it was such a success is the rates of incarceration went immediately down.
00:39:10.000 The rates of AIDS went down.
00:39:12.000 People are basically given an option whether they want to go to rehab or if they're caught with a certain amount over a certain amount or if they want to go to prison.
00:39:21.000 Of course, most people just choose to go to rehab.
00:39:25.000 And, you know, the rates of addiction have gone down.
00:39:28.000 There are safe places for people to use drugs.
00:39:30.000 And it really has been an incredible success in Portugal.
00:39:33.000 And I keep telling everyone who wants to listen to me that we should emulate that or at least try to.
00:39:39.000 Yes.
00:39:40.000 But I think we already are so deep in this problem in the United States is that the cartels are bringing these drugs over here in such high numbers.
00:39:48.000 And they obviously have a Very ruthless organized crime business and even if it's decriminalized, they're still going to be controlling the supply and demand.
00:39:56.000 It's true.
00:39:57.000 And that happened with weed in California.
00:40:00.000 So an episode we did last season was about weed and how the black market for weed, the illegal weed market, is actually three times bigger than the legal market, even after it's been legalized in California.
00:40:12.000 And that is because the government has made it so difficult for people to get a license and so costly that people just decide to continue running their weed business illegally.
00:40:22.000 Well, not only that, but they've also made it so that growing marijuana, even with an intent to distribute, is just a misdemeanor.
00:40:29.000 So if you are...
00:40:31.000 So there was a man named John Norris, who we had on the podcast, who wrote a book called Hidden Wars, and he was a game warden in California.
00:40:40.000 Oh, I listened to that book.
00:40:41.000 It was really good.
00:40:42.000 Yeah, really interesting, because his...
00:40:44.000 The original job was just to find people that were violating fish and game laws, like catching too many fish or something like that.
00:40:50.000 And they found a creek that had dried up and it had been diverted to this illegal grow-up on national land and that these forests.
00:40:59.000 Yeah, we filmed some of them.
00:41:01.000 And it's crazy.
00:41:03.000 You're out.
00:41:03.000 We took – the police went in.
00:41:05.000 We went on a big raid with the police.
00:41:07.000 They went in.
00:41:07.000 They were rappelling down helicopters.
00:41:09.000 We had to hike in and it was hours and hours with all our gear to try to get to this place.
00:41:13.000 It was in the middle of nowhere and it was fields and fields of illegal weed and it was all controlled by the cartel.
00:41:20.000 We actually managed to speak to one of them that was there as a worker, and that's the really sad part of it, is that a lot of them are just getting paid nothing.
00:41:28.000 Yeah, and they're risking their lives, and they're camping out there.
00:41:31.000 Yeah, I have a friend who works on a ranch in California who discovered one of those.
00:41:36.000 Oh, wow.
00:41:36.000 Yeah, they stumbled upon these pipes, these plastic pipes.
00:41:41.000 These guys had carried these in 15, 20 miles on their backs.
00:41:45.000 Mm-hmm.
00:41:46.000 And set this up.
00:41:47.000 And he was like, if they were doing something legal, maybe these guys are hard workers.
00:41:52.000 Like you would say, this is a guy I want to hire.
00:41:54.000 How much ingenuity, how much hard work and discipline to carry these things so deeply and to set this all up?
00:42:03.000 But that's the thing with all the black markets, I feel like I investigate, that there is so much entrepreneurship.
00:42:11.000 They're really smart.
00:42:12.000 And again, I think that a lot of them, if they were given, again, not all, but a lot of them, if they were given the legal route, they would have been amazing members of our society.
00:42:21.000 Yes, a lot of them.
00:42:22.000 Not all.
00:42:23.000 The people at the top, though?
00:42:24.000 Oh, no.
00:42:25.000 No.
00:42:25.000 I mean, they're probably too far gone.
00:42:27.000 But the people at the top wouldn't be at the top if they didn't have people working and making them money.
00:42:33.000 Those are the people.
00:42:35.000 Yeah, that's the real problem with poverty, right?
00:42:39.000 The real problem with poverty is it incentivizes people to do crime because they're so desperate.
00:42:43.000 Their lives suck so bad they're willing to do illegal things just to try to get by and do something to better themselves.
00:42:51.000 It's the inequality is the number one reason why these black markets exist.
00:42:55.000 I always say that.
00:42:57.000 But another interesting thing, going back to weed, a scene we filmed, which still blows my mind, was we filmed, and this was a guy at the top.
00:43:06.000 He was running a many million dollar worth illegal weed business.
00:43:11.000 And he was running it, or at least he was selling it, out of the top floor of a building in downtown L.A., It was insane.
00:43:42.000 It was so crazy.
00:43:44.000 Yeah, I mean, supply and demand, right?
00:43:47.000 There's always going to be someone that comes along that's willing to take a chance.
00:43:50.000 Yeah, and he had a real estate business, apparently, and he told us that he was making a lot more money from his illegal black market weed business than he was from his real estate business.
00:43:58.000 Is that guy still out on the streets?
00:44:01.000 The last time we spoke to him was a year and a half ago, and he was doing great, yeah.
00:44:05.000 He was doing great.
00:44:06.000 Yeah, and then they have to figure out a way to launder that money.
00:44:09.000 Yeah.
00:44:09.000 Oh, yeah.
00:44:11.000 You know, I started asking now almost everybody we interview because I'm fascinated by that.
00:44:18.000 Like, what do you do with your money, right?
00:44:19.000 You know, we interview – one of the episodes we did this season was about crypto scams.
00:44:25.000 And we spent time with these, like, three 20-something-year-olds who made millions of dollars out of crypto scams.
00:44:33.000 Have you heard of rug pulls?
00:44:34.000 Yeah.
00:44:35.000 Rug pulls?
00:44:36.000 A rug pull?
00:44:36.000 No.
00:44:37.000 So they would put out these tokens.
00:44:39.000 They would invent this token.
00:44:41.000 Imagine we'd call this token the Joe Rogan token.
00:44:43.000 And they would get people and they would start with a certain seed money that they'd put in.
00:44:49.000 And then they would – this is in the DeFi market.
00:44:52.000 Do you know anything about crypto?
00:44:53.000 A little bit.
00:44:54.000 Yeah.
00:44:54.000 So there's the DeFi market, which is more unregulated market, and where you have all these tokens, which is not Bitcoin or Ethereum.
00:45:03.000 It's more unregulated.
00:45:05.000 And you have these tokens, and you can go and buy these tokens.
00:45:08.000 And there's PR people that are out there telling you that this is the new hottest token, and you can make money overnight.
00:45:15.000 So you set out, you launch this Joe Rogan token, you put some seed money on it, you get a PR person to go out there and get celebrities, you know, putting out social media posts about how this new Joe Rogan token is the shit and you should absolutely buy it.
00:45:31.000 And people start buying it.
00:45:32.000 And after a few weeks, they basically sell all their shares and the price goes down.
00:45:38.000 But what they made, they invested, I don't know, like $100 and they've made...
00:45:44.000 Yeah.
00:46:00.000 And, I mean, they were flying private.
00:46:02.000 They rented a huge mansion in Dubai.
00:46:04.000 They were there for the crypto convention.
00:46:07.000 And, yeah, they were investing heavily in real estate and in other businesses, restaurants and businesses like that.
00:46:17.000 It's really fascinating.
00:46:20.000 Yeah, the crypto market is very bizarre.
00:46:23.000 You know, this whole FTX thing with Sam Bankman-Fried.
00:46:29.000 I'm just fascinated by that.
00:46:31.000 Me too.
00:46:31.000 Fascinated by it.
00:46:32.000 And I was reading a thing today about the new CEO who was hired to untangle it and find out what was going on.
00:46:39.000 And his depictions, he said it was just...
00:46:42.000 100% old-fashioned embezzlement.
00:46:45.000 And that these people had none of the fail-safes and none of the protection that you would normally give to people investing their money.
00:46:54.000 And they're just moving money around.
00:46:56.000 And they were all on speed.
00:46:58.000 Yeah.
00:46:58.000 And just having sex with each other all together in this one house.
00:47:02.000 Nine of them.
00:47:03.000 Just wild.
00:47:04.000 Oh my god.
00:47:05.000 There's a documentary being done.
00:47:07.000 We looked into it because I am fascinated about him.
00:47:10.000 Yeah.
00:47:11.000 Right now, I think.
00:47:12.000 He's fucked.
00:47:14.000 Yeah.
00:47:14.000 They're going to make an example out of him.
00:47:16.000 Yeah.
00:47:16.000 And what's crazy is that they were the number two donor to the Democratic Party.
00:47:20.000 So by doing that, they thought they probably had some sort of protection.
00:47:25.000 Probably would have if that other guy from Binance, the Binance guy hadn't sank their battleship.
00:47:34.000 Yeah, it was crazy.
00:47:35.000 It's all wild.
00:47:36.000 Did you invest in crypto?
00:47:37.000 No.
00:47:38.000 No.
00:47:38.000 I have a little bit of Bitcoin.
00:47:40.000 Very little.
00:47:41.000 But it's like, I watch it go up, I watch it go down.
00:47:44.000 I'm like, ugh.
00:47:44.000 What do you do with that?
00:47:46.000 Yeah, same here.
00:47:47.000 Yeah, we sold a lot of it.
00:47:50.000 Or cashed out a lot of it to give to Fight for the Forgotten.
00:47:55.000 It's a charity that one of the guests in my podcast, Justin Wren, had created to build wells for the Pygmies in the Congo.
00:48:04.000 So it went to good.
00:48:06.000 Oh, that's great.
00:48:07.000 I just came from the Congo.
00:48:08.000 Did you really?
00:48:09.000 What were you there for?
00:48:09.000 Doing a story on ape trafficking and actually spend time with the Pygmies.
00:48:14.000 Ape trafficking?
00:48:17.000 Apes are being trafficked.
00:48:19.000 So people are selling them?
00:48:21.000 Gorillas, chimpanzees.
00:48:22.000 They're illegally being snatched.
00:48:24.000 Baby gorillas go for tens of thousands of dollars.
00:48:27.000 What do people do with them?
00:48:28.000 They sell them to private zoos and people who just want to have animals in their houses.
00:48:34.000 A lot of them end up in the UAE. Private zoos?
00:48:40.000 People who don't know what to do with their money and they like exotic animals and so they own chimpanzees and even gorillas.
00:48:48.000 It's crazy.
00:48:49.000 I remember when I had Mike Tyson on, he was explaining to me how he got into lions.
00:48:55.000 Lions and tigers.
00:48:56.000 And tigers, yeah.
00:48:56.000 And it was basically, I think, wasn't he saying he was talking to a guy about cars?
00:49:01.000 And the guy was, you know, like, what kind of cars he wants to buy?
00:49:04.000 And the guy was like, hey, you want a lion?
00:49:07.000 Yeah.
00:49:07.000 Really?
00:49:08.000 And that's how he got into it?
00:49:10.000 Mike had tigers.
00:49:11.000 Yeah, I remember.
00:49:12.000 Yeah, which is just insane.
00:49:14.000 And apparently when you have a tiger, the tiger will listen to you, but no one else, which is terrifying.
00:49:20.000 So you have this enormous predatory animal that you don't let kill things and has these deep...
00:49:30.000 I mean, it's like taking a creature that has a genetic propensity for a very specific thing and denying them that thing and then hoping that they don't revert.
00:49:45.000 Yeah, it's insane.
00:49:47.000 It's everything that's wrong with it.
00:49:50.000 Well, it's crazy.
00:49:51.000 Do you know that there's more tigers in captivity in Texas than there are in all the wild of the world?
00:49:56.000 I do.
00:49:56.000 We did a story on tigers, too.
00:49:58.000 Texas has the number one population of tigers in captivity in private collections.
00:50:03.000 It's crazy.
00:50:04.000 We visited the Dock Antle.
00:50:06.000 What's that?
00:50:06.000 The Dock Antle.
00:50:07.000 Do you remember?
00:50:08.000 Did you watch Tiger King?
00:50:10.000 I did.
00:50:11.000 So we were filming with, we talked to Joe Exotic and Doc Antle.
00:50:16.000 Do you remember Doc Antle?
00:50:17.000 Which one was he?
00:50:18.000 Is he the guy that ran the sex cult?
00:50:19.000 He's the one that has the safari, kind of, yes.
00:50:21.000 Is he the guy, the weird guy with all the girls?
00:50:23.000 He's the one with several wives or girls.
00:50:24.000 Yeah, yeah, yeah.
00:50:24.000 That's the one.
00:50:25.000 So we were filming that before Tiger King came out.
00:50:28.000 And actually, Tiger King was great because a lot of people wanted to watch our doc because Tiger King became so popular.
00:50:34.000 But we did, yeah, we did an episode about that.
00:50:36.000 And it all started because...
00:50:38.000 The idea that there are more tigers in captivity in the United States, in Texas, to be even more precise.
00:50:43.000 I didn't know that it was just in Texas, but in the US. They have them in Oklahoma, but Texas has some pretty wacky laws when it comes to the ownership of animals.
00:50:52.000 In many ways, it's a success story for some animals.
00:50:57.000 There's animals like oryx that are endangered in their natural habitat, but are prevalent and hunted in Texas.
00:51:05.000 It's very strange.
00:51:06.000 Like, I went to a ranch in South Texas recently to hunt wild white-tailed deer and an animal called Neil Guy, which is an Indian animal that evolved around tigers.
00:51:18.000 This is a crazy animal, really bizarre-looking animal.
00:51:21.000 But they're all over the place.
00:51:23.000 They have so many of them here.
00:51:25.000 And they just...
00:51:28.000 Have these enormous ranches, tens of thousands of acres, and they have all these animals from other countries there.
00:51:34.000 We were driving around, we saw letways and oryx and all these bizarre exotics.
00:51:43.000 They're all over Texas.
00:51:45.000 And the thing about them is...
00:51:47.000 There's no hunting regulations in terms of like wildlife conservation will put limits and tag limits on animals because they're controlling the population and they want to make sure that the populations are healthy and so like if you're in an area like say if you want to hunt mule deer in a very protected specific area there's thousands of people apply for tags but a very limited number of people get them and there's a very specific area you can hunt in And this is all done,
00:52:16.000 and that money all goes to wildlife conservation.
00:52:19.000 It all goes to park rangers and protecting habitat, and it's a very successful and really well-organized and well-funded plan.
00:52:29.000 In Texas, there's none of that.
00:52:31.000 It's private property, so you can hunt these animals 365 days a year, and they're owned by the people who own the property.
00:52:39.000 But again, in many ways, it's a success story because by giving these animals value, they have an incentive to keep their population strong and healthy.
00:52:48.000 And so you have this enormous population of these exotic animals here.
00:52:52.000 Right, which is what they're trying to do in places like the Congo and Rwanda, where you can still find gorillas, for example, is giving them value.
00:53:01.000 So instead of hunting them, there is money going to the people who are currently hunting them, hopefully.
00:53:06.000 The Pygmies was an example of that.
00:53:08.000 It was really sort of sad because we spent time filming with them and they are involved in the hunting of gorillas and chimpanzees.
00:53:18.000 And their story in particular, I mean, they are...
00:53:22.000 We're good to go.
00:53:46.000 Some of these endangered animals.
00:53:48.000 So I think, you know, one of the things that you see that are examples of success are when you make them profitable for them to be alive.
00:53:58.000 So having tourists come in, having, you know, safe conditions for tourists to come in and see and spend time with these animals.
00:54:05.000 Going and seeing the gorillas was one of the most incredible experiences of my life.
00:54:10.000 I recommend it to anyone if you're remotely interested in traveling to Rwanda or Congo.
00:54:14.000 It was incredible.
00:54:15.000 So you saw them in the wild?
00:54:17.000 In the wild, yeah.
00:54:17.000 So you hike, and you don't know exactly where they are.
00:54:20.000 We went with park rangers.
00:54:22.000 We left at like 6 a.m.
00:54:23.000 in the morning.
00:54:23.000 They knew where they had been the day before, but in the meantime, 16 hours have passed, and they have no idea where they are.
00:54:30.000 They're not tracking them with trackers or anything.
00:54:33.000 So then we start hiking up this mountain, and these are lowland gorillas, eastern gorillas.
00:54:39.000 They're an endangered species, beautiful animals.
00:54:42.000 I think?
00:55:05.000 That for us is completely exhilarating after you're hot and you're bitten by mosquitoes and you're exhausted and we're sure maybe we're not, maybe we're going to be the only people who are not going to see gorillas and finally we get to this corner in this place and the park ranger says, oh,
00:55:20.000 completely nonchalantly, he says, oh, it's right here.
00:55:25.000 And right behind a bush there was a gigantic silverback male gorilla and a family, the female and a bunch of little kid babies, including a little baby that was born two weeks before.
00:55:37.000 And we were the first ones to ever film the little baby.
00:55:39.000 And it was my mother carrying the baby around.
00:55:43.000 And then there was that one moment we were all together and you have to sort of be quiet.
00:55:47.000 Obviously you don't want to start yelling next to the gorillas because you can scare them.
00:55:52.000 But yeah, we were from here to you.
00:55:55.000 Me to you.
00:55:55.000 Wow.
00:55:56.000 Right now.
00:55:57.000 That's how close we were to the gorillas.
00:55:58.000 How dangerous is that?
00:56:00.000 They had never suffered any attacks by the gorillas.
00:56:03.000 The gorillas have sort of gotten used to having people around them.
00:56:05.000 There's obviously rules.
00:56:06.000 You can't start jumping in front of them or you shouldn't try to touch them.
00:56:10.000 And it depends on...
00:56:12.000 There's different sort of...
00:56:24.000 Oh, really?
00:56:29.000 Oh, really?
00:56:37.000 But with these gorillas, you're actually supposed to look them in the eye.
00:56:41.000 I think that's right.
00:56:42.000 Really?
00:56:42.000 Yeah, it was an amazing experience.
00:56:45.000 But obviously you're not supposed to go up to them and touch them.
00:56:48.000 And as we were filming, our producer was sort of behind me and he was a little bit on this open trail or this patch that the gorillas had gone through, so it was kind of no brush there.
00:57:02.000 And suddenly one of the big girls that we had an idea was there came behind him and was fast and fast approaching.
00:57:09.000 And he had to like jump out of his place and it was a really close encounter.
00:57:14.000 But he wasn't coming to attack him or anything.
00:57:15.000 He was just trying to pass through.
00:57:17.000 But they're massive animals.
00:57:19.000 Massive.
00:57:21.000 But yeah, they have never suffered any attacks and it's really a spectacular experience.
00:57:25.000 There's a video that I saw of these men that are in this gorilla habitat and this gorilla walks through and grabs one of the men and just drags him.
00:57:36.000 I saw that.
00:57:36.000 Like, you would pick up a laptop bag and just move it a little bit.
00:57:41.000 Almost like just letting them know.
00:57:42.000 Like, hey man, I'll just drag you a little bit just to let you know.
00:57:45.000 We all joked that my producer...
00:57:47.000 This is it.
00:57:47.000 Oh, yeah.
00:57:48.000 So this gorilla walks up.
00:57:50.000 I mean, this is Silverback.
00:57:51.000 Yeah.
00:57:52.000 Look at the size of him.
00:57:53.000 I know.
00:57:53.000 So he grabs this man by the way and just drags him.
00:57:56.000 It's a park ranger, yeah.
00:57:57.000 And just lets him go.
00:57:59.000 And look at his face like, okay, okay, okay.
00:58:04.000 Can you imagine the feeling of one of those things grabbing a hold of your leg and just pulling you like you weigh nothing?
00:58:10.000 It's insane, yeah.
00:58:11.000 We all sent around this video joking that our producers called Paul and he was the one that got the closing counter.
00:58:17.000 I was thinking that was next time we go.
00:58:19.000 So people are taking those gorillas and stealing them.
00:58:24.000 Stealing them and, for example, chimpanzees are super protective, as are gorillas, of their families and their kids.
00:58:30.000 And so what happens is that a lot of times you have to kill the mother in order to be able to take the baby.
00:58:35.000 So when you're stealing one, it's not just one.
00:58:38.000 Sometimes it's the whole family that dies so that you can take the baby with you.
00:58:41.000 But these chimps can go for tens of thousands of dollars.
00:58:45.000 Yeah.
00:58:45.000 And so there's a real incentive there.
00:58:47.000 And we ended up speaking with a guy who bought the chimps from the hunters and then was selling them, was sort of a middleman, and was telling us how he carries them, how he transports them, all of it.
00:58:58.000 It's really horrible.
00:59:00.000 How much of a demand is there for these things?
00:59:02.000 Apparently a gigantic demand.
00:59:05.000 Really?
00:59:05.000 And there's videos out there that you can see on Instagram and YouTube with people.
00:59:10.000 A little less now, but it still exists.
00:59:13.000 But a few years ago, people posting photos of them with their private gorillas and chimpanzees that they just bought.
00:59:20.000 Really?
00:59:20.000 And a lot of it is UAE, you were saying?
00:59:22.000 A lot of it is UAE. Yeah.
00:59:25.000 Right now, the trade is a lot of it is UAE. And they have private zoos.
00:59:30.000 Did you visit any of these private zoos?
00:59:32.000 We tried.
00:59:33.000 We got denied access.
00:59:36.000 We didn't get a visa to go to Dubai, unfortunately, to film it.
00:59:40.000 We wanted to, but we didn't get a visa.
00:59:41.000 So in Dubai, they have...
00:59:43.000 We know of a few of them that we heard and we wanted to go visit and ask questions and see, continue our investigation to find if any of them had come from the Congo.
00:59:52.000 And who are these people that have these private zoos?
00:59:55.000 Just really, really wealthy people?
00:59:57.000 Some are not even public zoos, so it's private, so it's just for them and their friends.
01:00:02.000 There are others that have parks, you know, a little bit like Doc Antle Safari Park, where people can come and pay and visit the wild animals.
01:00:12.000 Yeah, all sorts.
01:00:13.000 And some people like to post it on Instagram or people pay to go and take selfies with these animals, which I'm still, I cannot believe that this is still a thing that happens today.
01:00:23.000 People pay and want to take selfies with wild animals.
01:00:27.000 It's very sad because it's incentivizing the trade is what it's doing.
01:00:31.000 Had you heard anything when you were in the Congo about those extraordinarily large chimps, the Bondo apes?
01:00:38.000 No, the Bondo apes.
01:00:40.000 Yeah, there's like a subspecies of chimpanzee that's enormous.
01:00:44.000 They're much larger.
01:00:46.000 And the locals have two categories that they call the smaller chimps.
01:00:54.000 Tree beaters, because they're up in the trees, and the bottom ones they're called lion killers.
01:00:59.000 And they nest on the ground like gorillas.
01:01:01.000 And they're huge.
01:01:02.000 Oh, wow.
01:01:03.000 Yeah, there's a, I think he's from Switzerland, a wildlife photographer named Carl Armand.
01:01:08.000 And he was one of the first people to definitely document these things.
01:01:14.000 Because there had been old photos from like the 1920s, these black and white photos of these ones that they had killed.
01:01:21.000 That were huge.
01:01:23.000 And there's one famous photo of these two men that are at a—see, that's one of them.
01:01:28.000 Oh, wow.
01:01:29.000 But that's not even the biggest one.
01:01:32.000 There's one—that one up there, that one.
01:01:34.000 Look at the size of that thing.
01:01:35.000 Wow, that does not look like a chimp.
01:01:37.000 I know.
01:01:38.000 It's enormous.
01:01:39.000 That one they kill.
01:01:40.000 They call it the Beely Ape, the Bondo Ape, and they have a crest on their skull like a gorilla does.
01:01:47.000 And so initially they thought they were a hybrid.
01:01:50.000 That one is one of them that was walking upright, that photo to the left of that, Jamie, the one down, down, down below that, right there, that one.
01:02:00.000 That one was a photo that they took with a camera trap.
01:02:05.000 So it walked by upright and they saw this one walk across the road and they said it's six feet tall.
01:02:13.000 A six foot tall chimpanzee that was hundreds and hundreds of pounds.
01:02:21.000 Endangered?
01:02:23.000 Well, they don't know how many of them there are.
01:02:24.000 And there was a lot of speculation as to whether or not they even existed.
01:02:27.000 But now they have bones.
01:02:29.000 They have tissue.
01:02:30.000 They know it's a chimpanzee.
01:02:32.000 And they have video of these things.
01:02:34.000 And they have video of one of them eating a jaguar.
01:02:39.000 No way.
01:02:40.000 Yeah.
01:02:40.000 Or, excuse me, a leopard.
01:02:41.000 That is crazy.
01:02:42.000 Because it's in Africa.
01:02:43.000 Yeah.
01:02:43.000 So they don't know if it killed it or if they found it dead and they were eating it.
01:02:48.000 Wow.
01:02:49.000 But they call them lion killers.
01:02:50.000 Wow.
01:02:51.000 But you can imagine a chimpanzee that's six foot tall, you know, 400 pounds.
01:02:56.000 They're super aggressive.
01:02:56.000 They can be.
01:02:58.000 Chimpanzees in general can be super aggressive.
01:02:59.000 They're like us.
01:03:00.000 Yeah.
01:03:01.000 Closest to us.
01:03:02.000 They're closest to us, yeah.
01:03:03.000 Which is really fascinating because then you have the bonobos that are also really closely related to us.
01:03:09.000 They're all about sex.
01:03:10.000 Yeah.
01:03:10.000 There's peace and love.
01:03:11.000 And they only exist in the Congo.
01:03:13.000 Yeah.
01:03:13.000 I didn't know they were all about sex, though.
01:03:15.000 Well, they have so much sex with each other.
01:03:17.000 They have sex to solve problems, to resolve issues.
01:03:22.000 So they're like chimps on MDMA. Yeah, something like that.
01:03:26.000 I mean, I wonder what's different about them.
01:03:28.000 It's really interesting because they're like the peaceful chimps.
01:03:30.000 But the mother will not have sex with her son.
01:03:34.000 That's it.
01:03:35.000 The father will have sex with the daughters.
01:03:37.000 The father will have sex with the sons.
01:03:39.000 The sons will have sex with the brothers and sisters.
01:03:41.000 They'll have sex with each other, but the mother will not have sex with her sons, which is very fascinating.
01:03:46.000 Really fascinating.
01:03:48.000 They have rules like, get out of here, kid.
01:03:49.000 I didn't know that.
01:03:50.000 Yeah, apes.
01:03:52.000 It's a really fascinating journey.
01:03:54.000 But I would think that that animal in specific, you were a super wealthy individual and you wanted to get one of those giant chimps for your collection.
01:04:01.000 Yeah, because the rarer they are, the more you think you're special because you own this very rare animal.
01:04:08.000 So is it mostly chimps and gorillas or is it orangutans and monkeys as well?
01:04:14.000 Our investigation was into the great apes, yeah.
01:04:16.000 So chimps, gorillas, bonobos, and they are in high demand.
01:04:21.000 And again, they go for hundreds of thousands of dollars.
01:04:23.000 And, yeah, I think we tend to usually point the finger at the hunters and the middlemen, the people that are catching these and killing, but I think the finger should always be pointed at where the demand comes from and who are the people, because those are the people that,
01:04:40.000 you know, it's, to me, I... I do not understand somebody who just wants to have a wild animal that came from the wild in their backyard.
01:04:48.000 But I do understand why a pygmy or a poor guy without any other opportunities in the Congo, when given the chance to bring money for their families, they would do so.
01:04:59.000 Yeah, I mean, no doubt.
01:05:00.000 But it's just, it's such a disturbing part of human nature that they would be willing to do that, especially to an animal that they know is so endangered that they'd want to have a giant park in their backyard where they keep these things.
01:05:15.000 It's, I don't understand it.
01:05:17.000 But the fact that it exists here in the U.S. too, again, we can say it's all happening in places like the UAE and China, but we have these safari parks and these private zoos here.
01:05:28.000 What about public zoos?
01:05:29.000 I mean, I talked yesterday on the podcast about going to a zoo once and it was the saddest thing where this monkey was whaling.
01:05:38.000 Just screaming.
01:05:40.000 And I was like, oh my god, this is like going to a prison.
01:05:43.000 And there's someone alone in their cell just screaming.
01:05:46.000 It's this tiny little cage that's about the size of this room.
01:05:49.000 And you have this poor monkey that's just trapped in there.
01:05:52.000 Yeah, it's horrible.
01:05:54.000 Just regular zoos are fucked.
01:05:55.000 Yeah, I'm not a big fan either.
01:05:58.000 We went to a few sanctuaries for chimpanzees and apes in the Congo, and we had the chance of spending time with some baby chimps, and they're adorable.
01:06:10.000 But one of the things, and they'll jump.
01:06:12.000 They basically jumped on me and my whole crew.
01:06:15.000 They were hugging us.
01:06:16.000 So they're really sweet, so you understand why.
01:06:19.000 People maybe would think that, oh, they really like to spend time with human beings.
01:06:23.000 They would love to be our pets, but that's just not the case.
01:06:26.000 Especially when they get older.
01:06:28.000 Then they get very dangerous.
01:06:29.000 Yeah, and then they kill them or sell them.
01:06:32.000 So this market, how many people are out there that have the means to do this?
01:06:41.000 That's what's bizarre.
01:06:42.000 To purchase them?
01:06:43.000 I can imagine if one really rich guy wanted to do that, but the fact that it's an actual market...
01:06:47.000 Oh, it is.
01:06:49.000 I think that once you have your big house, once you have your exotic cars, then you're thinking what else you can get.
01:06:56.000 I think that's the case for a lot of them.
01:06:58.000 And unfortunately, again, the idea that you're taking all these photos and posting them on social media, I think unfortunately social media has had a terrible negative effect on this because people think it's fun to take photos with all sorts of exotic animals and then They think, you know,
01:07:13.000 once you have money, oh, I'm going to own this.
01:07:15.000 I'm going to buy this and put it in a cage.
01:07:17.000 And when my friends come over, they're going to be impressed by the fact that I own this tiger or this lion or this gorilla.
01:07:23.000 But I imagine it would be very dangerous for you to be exposing that.
01:07:29.000 It always is with all the stories we do.
01:07:32.000 There's always a component of a lot of people there that don't want us to do those stories, for sure.
01:07:37.000 Yeah, I mean, gaining access to these worlds is the hardest part of my job.
01:07:41.000 Do you worry about coming on shows like this, that you're going to become famous?
01:07:46.000 Like, have you been spotted?
01:07:48.000 Has anybody ever said, oh, you're that lady from the TV show?
01:07:50.000 All the time, yeah, yeah.
01:07:51.000 It happens a lot.
01:07:52.000 Particularly in airports, for some reason, I think.
01:07:54.000 Well, that's better than the Congo.
01:07:55.000 Yeah, yeah, yeah.
01:07:57.000 That's true.
01:07:58.000 I'm huge in the Congo.
01:08:01.000 So in airports you get noticed?
01:08:03.000 No, but it actually, it's funny that you say that because it has helped me in some way where I get a lot of messages from people who want to be on the show.
01:08:10.000 So they send me videos of their guns and their drugs and the illicit businesses they are involved in.
01:08:15.000 Oh boy.
01:08:15.000 They're all messed up and going, hey, I'm going to contact you.
01:08:20.000 Absolutely.
01:08:20.000 I want to be on your show.
01:08:22.000 Or you have no idea.
01:08:23.000 And then there's also the people that say, you should do a story about, you know, all the conspiracy theories that exist out there.
01:08:30.000 Or people who tell me, like, I have a story to tell and I share my email.
01:08:34.000 It's like, okay, great.
01:08:35.000 And it's really, and then it's, you know.
01:08:38.000 Like, what are the crazy ones?
01:08:39.000 Oh, it's the government and the CIA is after me and they're checking me out and all of our information is, which actually is true.
01:08:47.000 It's true.
01:08:48.000 It's entirely crazy.
01:08:50.000 But I think people who have, you know, who are not all there.
01:08:54.000 That's the problem with conspiracies is so many of them are real.
01:08:58.000 Yeah, I know.
01:08:58.000 I know.
01:08:59.000 But I think we started this conversation with this story about guns.
01:09:03.000 That is the one story that whenever I do anything about guns, I get a lot of hate.
01:09:08.000 I'm sure.
01:09:09.000 And it's threats and it's people saying really mean and evil things.
01:09:13.000 Yeah.
01:09:15.000 Have you seen the video?
01:09:16.000 There's a video that's going around now.
01:09:18.000 It was shared on Twitter a lot yesterday.
01:09:20.000 It was some people in the 1970s when they started making laws about drinking and driving that you couldn't drink while you were driving.
01:09:30.000 And these people are like, they're going to turn us into communists.
01:09:33.000 You know, like these people were defending, like...
01:09:35.000 Drinking and driving?
01:09:36.000 Yeah, they have, come on, work 12 hours, I want to have a few beers and drive home, and it's like...
01:09:41.000 I remember the same thing happened when they...
01:09:45.000 See if you can find that video.
01:09:45.000 I was going to pull it up earlier when you guys were talking about something else.
01:09:48.000 That's so great.
01:09:48.000 Have you seen it?
01:09:50.000 No, I haven't.
01:09:50.000 It's like early Trump supporters.
01:09:52.000 Yeah.
01:09:52.000 It's like people that...
01:09:53.000 Don't know where QAnon comes from and where distrust of the government comes from.
01:09:59.000 These unsophisticated people.
01:10:02.000 Watch this.
01:10:03.000 No worries.
01:10:05.000 It's pretty crazy because you're like, oh, those people, they exist right now.
01:10:10.000 This is 50 years ago.
01:10:11.000 But these people are alive and well.
01:10:14.000 Here is viewed by some as downright undemocratic.
01:10:18.000 It's kind of getting common just when a fellow can't put in a hard day's work, put in 11, 12 hours a day, and then get in your truck and at least running one or two beers.
01:10:26.000 They're making it laws where you can't drink when you want to.
01:10:30.000 You have to wear a seatbelt when you're driving.
01:10:34.000 Pretty soon we're going to be a communist country.
01:10:39.000 Pretty soon we're going to be a communist country.
01:10:42.000 Making laws, you've got to wear seatbelts.
01:10:44.000 It is incredible.
01:10:46.000 It's pretty funny.
01:10:48.000 There's a lot of those people.
01:10:49.000 They're always going to exist.
01:10:50.000 Always going to exist.
01:10:52.000 They've always existed in the past.
01:10:53.000 And, you know, Trump fucking, he's their king.
01:10:56.000 He found, like, a population that was like, yes!
01:10:59.000 I don't care what he does.
01:11:00.000 He's our guy!
01:11:01.000 He's our guy.
01:11:02.000 Yeah, I know.
01:11:02.000 I get a lot of that.
01:11:04.000 I get a lot of people say, I used to love your show, but now I saw your gun story, and now I realize that it's all fabricated, and it's all you pay actor.
01:11:12.000 Oh, that's one I get all the time.
01:11:15.000 Sure.
01:11:17.000 Sure.
01:11:29.000 Yeah, but I always say my life would be so much easier if I could just script this and pay people to do this.
01:11:36.000 Unfortunately, that's not how it goes.
01:11:38.000 No, you're 100% legit.
01:11:39.000 And there are people that do shows like that where they do have fabricated stuff, unfortunately.
01:11:44.000 There's a lot of nonsense out there.
01:11:46.000 Yeah, not, I mean, the amount of time, the amount of trips that I've done halfway around the world to wait for people that don't show up or the amount of back alley meetings that I've had with people trying to convince them to be on camera and eventually they say no, even disguise.
01:11:59.000 So there's, yeah, there's just an incredible amount of work.
01:12:01.000 Have there been subjects that you tried to investigate but you couldn't get access and you couldn't do a story on?
01:12:07.000 Yes.
01:12:08.000 And it doesn't mean that we're not going to.
01:12:10.000 I'm still trying.
01:12:11.000 A lot of them take, you know, months, sometimes even years to investigate.
01:12:16.000 And then we only start, you know, once we get access, then we start.
01:12:19.000 Like what subjects?
01:12:22.000 LSD was one of them.
01:12:24.000 Finding a chemist.
01:12:25.000 And I think that the whole premise of the show became me trying to find a chemist willing to go on camera.
01:12:33.000 And that at the end actually never happened.
01:12:34.000 We found a former chemist but not an active chemist.
01:12:37.000 But I think the show is equally powerful with or without.
01:12:40.000 But that took months, months.
01:12:42.000 And I think we started investigating even the season before and we were wondering if this was something we should do because obviously the access wasn't there.
01:12:48.000 We thought if we gave it more time, There would be more access.
01:12:51.000 There's another episode we really want to do on dirty bombs.
01:12:54.000 Dirty bombs.
01:12:56.000 And we started looking into it and we had a team that traveled to a country.
01:13:01.000 I can't tell you which the country is yet because I'm hoping we can go back and if I'm afraid if they hear it then they're not going to let us in.
01:13:07.000 But to a country and we were hoping we could get access and then everything failed and then they said we were being watched by the government so they had to leave.
01:13:16.000 So the government is protecting dirty bomb manufacturers?
01:13:38.000 There's a lot of radioactive material still left there, and it's really difficult.
01:13:43.000 You know, there's sort of security perimeters around it.
01:13:46.000 You can still get really sick if you go in there.
01:13:48.000 But there's actually still people giving tourists an underground tour, a black market tour, where you can go and visit Chernobyl.
01:13:57.000 So there is a way in.
01:13:59.000 So it is actually pretty easy to get your hands on radioactive material and then transform it into dirty bombs, which are really powerful bombs that have enormous, devastating impact on a lot of people.
01:14:12.000 And so there's a real fear out there that groups like ISIS are getting their hands or were getting their hands on radioactive materials and making dirty bombs.
01:14:22.000 And we started looking into it, and we still haven't been able to get the access we want.
01:14:27.000 So it's a bomb that sprays this radioactive material?
01:14:30.000 Yeah, it's a radioactive bomb, yeah.
01:14:33.000 And the idea is that it's just going to make a huge population sick with radiation poisoning?
01:14:38.000 Yeah, and it's very, very dangerous.
01:14:40.000 Has that ever been implemented?
01:14:42.000 Has anyone ever detonated a dirty bomb?
01:14:44.000 That's a very good question.
01:14:46.000 I mean, the United States vaccinated a bunch of nuclear weapons during the Second World War.
01:14:51.000 Sure, but I mean a dirty bomb.
01:14:53.000 But a dirty bomb?
01:14:53.000 I don't think so.
01:14:54.000 Not yet.
01:14:55.000 So it's theoretical?
01:14:55.000 It's still theoretical, but it's available.
01:14:57.000 It's out there.
01:14:58.000 And I know that there are investigations and that there's a belief that people, that they're already in the wrong hands.
01:15:04.000 But again, it's a subject that I think we need to investigate a lot more before I can comfortably talk about it.
01:15:11.000 How many episodes did you do this season?
01:15:13.000 We do ten episodes.
01:15:15.000 We did eight the first season, but then people really liked it, so we started doing ten each season.
01:15:19.000 And it's a lot of work.
01:15:20.000 I always say it's the hardest show on television because you're trying to get access to these very secretive organizations.
01:15:27.000 We did one on bikes, motorcycle gangs, or clubs, as they like to be called.
01:15:33.000 The ATF calls them the gangs.
01:15:35.000 And getting access to the 1%ers was also crazy hard.
01:15:40.000 And basically we were trying to figure out where their money, you know, they're involved in the drug business and we were trying to figure out how involved are they and if they're involved and people who would be willing to share that with us.
01:15:52.000 And eventually we found somebody.
01:15:54.000 But we got to spend time with a bunch of different groups, the Vagos in LA and the Sons of Silence.
01:16:05.000 They were in, what's the name of the town that hosts, I finally forgot, that hosts the biggest motorcycle rally, Sturgis.
01:16:12.000 Sturgis, yeah.
01:16:13.000 Yeah.
01:16:21.000 Yeah.
01:16:37.000 I mean, we were filming our show.
01:16:39.000 We spent two months not filming, and then in June, we started filming.
01:16:44.000 So we were very fast, and we were traveling all around the world, and we figured out a way to make it work.
01:16:49.000 But suddenly arriving in Sturges, and not one single person is wearing a mask, and there's all these bars and people partying, and it was wild.
01:16:58.000 It was really wild.
01:16:59.000 But yeah, and then we spent time at the Sons of Silence camp.
01:17:04.000 It was really fascinating.
01:17:05.000 And what's their philosophy?
01:17:09.000 It's really interesting, actually.
01:17:11.000 It's the only sort of outlaw group that was born in America, that was made in America.
01:17:16.000 So unlike the mafia that comes from Italy, right, or the cartel, it's the only group, outlaw group, that is completely 100% American.
01:17:24.000 And it started with a lot of vets from the Vietnam War who basically felt like they lost a sense of identity and community once the war ended.
01:17:34.000 And they came back and they started meeting and then they created these motorcycle groups and they call themselves the one percenters because they say that the rest of the clubs, the 99%, are above the law, which means that they consider themselves to be outlaws.
01:17:48.000 And, you know, there are many cases out there.
01:17:50.000 We interviewed an ATF agent who's been involved in some of the craziest, largest undercover operations in America's history, where he was able to infiltrate a couple of these groups.
01:18:02.000 And really fascinating stuff.
01:18:04.000 I mean, he got patched, so he got a patch, which takes years to get.
01:18:08.000 But they believed him.
01:18:09.000 He went through...
01:18:16.000 Polygraph tests, yes.
01:18:17.000 And he passed them, which is crazy.
01:18:20.000 Well, they don't work.
01:18:21.000 But then he was lucky.
01:18:24.000 Yeah, polygraph tests, you could trick them.
01:18:27.000 Yeah.
01:18:27.000 Well, he did trick them.
01:18:29.000 But the guy on the other side giving him the test had like a gun.
01:18:32.000 And things could have gone south really fast if he had suspected that he was not who he said he was.
01:18:38.000 And so we filmed with him.
01:18:41.000 And then eventually we got somebody from one of the groups telling us how it all goes down.
01:18:48.000 The drugs and how they make their money.
01:18:50.000 That's Sons of Anaker, right?
01:18:52.000 The classic thing is these people that infiltrate and then become one of them.
01:18:57.000 Did you watch that show?
01:18:58.000 No.
01:18:58.000 No, I didn't, but I've heard of it.
01:18:59.000 Yeah, it was really good.
01:19:00.000 And I watched one episode.
01:19:01.000 I liked it a lot.
01:19:02.000 Yeah, it was great.
01:19:02.000 But that is...
01:19:04.000 Did you ever read Hunter S. Thompson's book, Hell's Angels?
01:19:07.000 I didn't, but it's on my list.
01:19:09.000 It's a great book.
01:19:11.000 That was really the book that kind of made him.
01:19:13.000 And it was...
01:19:14.000 I mean, the people that were in the Hell's Angels were very upset because...
01:19:19.000 Hunter has this way of writing or had this way of writing where it's like you couldn't really – there was a lot of fiction mixed in.
01:19:28.000 There's a lot of craziness mixed in with the reality of it and his gonzo journalism, this thing that he sort of coined.
01:19:36.000 But that was all about those guys that had got back from Vietnam and they just felt like society was bullshit and they just wanted to be free and ride motorcycles and I'm sure a lot of them had PTSD and all fucked up from their experiences and just feeling that they were used by the government and they wanted to be outlaws.
01:19:58.000 We went to the funeral of one of them.
01:20:00.000 We filmed in LA. And it was the most incredible.
01:20:04.000 It was a Mongol's funeral.
01:20:06.000 And it was hundreds and hundreds of bikers that showed up to pay their respect.
01:20:11.000 And then they basically take over a whole freeway in LA. It's hundreds of bikes that follow the cars and it's...
01:20:20.000 Incredible spectacle.
01:20:21.000 And then we were with the head of the ATF unit that sort of investigates them, so he's recognizable for them.
01:20:27.000 And we got a lot of middle fingers and people that weren't happy that we were there.
01:20:31.000 Yeah, of course.
01:20:32.000 Yeah, it was a good one.
01:20:35.000 What else did you cover this season?
01:20:38.000 What else?
01:20:39.000 We went to Ukraine.
01:20:41.000 Really?
01:20:41.000 Yeah.
01:20:42.000 One of the best episodes, I think, this season is about.
01:20:44.000 It's coming out this month, actually, at the first year anniversary of the war in Ukraine.
01:20:51.000 But we went to Ukraine.
01:20:52.000 Yeah, we did a story.
01:20:53.000 It was the first story about surrogacy.
01:20:55.000 So Ukraine has become a center for surrogacy around the world.
01:20:59.000 Surrogate pregnancies.
01:21:00.000 Yeah, so people can't get pregnant and they basically hire a woman to carry their baby, a hired womb.
01:21:07.000 And it's legal in the United States, but it will cost you between $150,000 to $200,000.
01:21:12.000 So it's cost prohibitive for a lot of people.
01:21:14.000 So they've turned to places like Ukraine.
01:21:16.000 It's not legal.
01:21:16.000 It's actually illegal in the majority of countries, but it's legal in Ukraine.
01:21:20.000 And they have a strong commercial surrogacy program there and a safe one before the war.
01:21:26.000 But what happened was when the war broke out, there's a lot of actually American babies that are in Ukrainian wombs and that were stuck in the war.
01:21:32.000 So we managed to actually follow a couple from the Bay Area as they head into Ukraine.
01:21:39.000 And the funny thing about the whole story, it was the first time I'd just gotten COVID for the first time.
01:21:47.000 And the baby was about to be born in Ukraine and we knew we wanted to be there when the baby was born because we were following these parents as they were meeting their baby.
01:21:55.000 And it was a crazy experience of having to be at home for five days and sort of waiting and hoping the baby wouldn't be born.
01:22:04.000 I finished my five-day quarantine and I was able to get on a plane and go straight.
01:22:08.000 And because I got there late, a few days later than my team, my team was all there already.
01:22:12.000 I arrived in Poland and then I basically drove straight to Ukraine.
01:22:18.000 My bag was lost.
01:22:20.000 I went in with nothing but went into Ukraine and eventually met this couple and the organization, it's an American organization that's helping them, Project Dynamo.
01:22:30.000 And then filmed them as they go to the hospital and meet the surrogate mother for the first time and then holds their baby and meets their baby for the first time.
01:22:40.000 And it was one of the most emotional moments we've ever filmed on traffic.
01:22:43.000 You know, the show is all about these products that are harmful or sometimes even deadly and dangerous.
01:22:48.000 And here we were seeing something that was bringing a lot of love and hope and joy.
01:22:53.000 And it was a really beautiful moment.
01:22:55.000 And then it was them trying to get the baby out of this war zone in time because the paperwork and having to deal with bureaucracy even in moments like that.
01:23:04.000 So it was crazy.
01:23:05.000 After that, we basically, because the show's about black markets, we went to Kenya.
01:23:09.000 And what happens is when it becomes people, like you said, they have to find, they're going to find a way to do what they want to do, in this case, surrogacy.
01:23:18.000 And the people that can't afford it here, and then it became too dangerous to do it in Ukraine.
01:23:24.000 People are finding new places to do it.
01:23:25.000 And in Kenya, it's not legal.
01:23:27.000 It's sort of a gray area.
01:23:28.000 And it's definitely very shady there.
01:23:30.000 And we spent time filming, you know, women who are promised all this money to carry babies.
01:23:36.000 And then they give birth.
01:23:37.000 And then they never see a cent.
01:23:39.000 And their families never know about it because they've been hiding.
01:23:42.000 They're sort of imprisoned in these houses for months while they're pregnant.
01:23:45.000 And they're carrying American babies.
01:23:47.000 It's such a strange thing.
01:23:49.000 It's common in LA. I have some friends that are a gay couple that hired a woman to get pregnant with their...
01:23:58.000 I think they basically, like, the couple mixed their sperm together so they wouldn't know whose sperm it was that impregnated the woman.
01:24:06.000 And then they went through the whole thing and then she decided to keep the baby.
01:24:10.000 Yeah.
01:24:11.000 Yeah.
01:24:12.000 Wait, is that allowed?
01:24:13.000 I guess it is.
01:24:16.000 I mean...
01:24:16.000 I thought they were, yeah.
01:24:17.000 I don't know, but they didn't get the baby, and so they had to go through it again, and they went through it a second time.
01:24:24.000 And they got their baby?
01:24:25.000 And then they got a baby, yeah.
01:24:26.000 It's really sad, because there is a need out there for it.
01:24:30.000 It's just that with everything, it's exploited.
01:24:33.000 It's a very strange situation.
01:24:35.000 Yeah, it really is.
01:24:35.000 It's very strange, because this person has this life growing in their body, and they become...
01:24:40.000 Deeply attached to it, and then they have to give it to someone.
01:24:43.000 And this woman was like, I can't do this.
01:24:46.000 I'm keeping the baby.
01:24:47.000 I don't know what she did.
01:24:48.000 And in her case, it was probably her egg, right?
01:24:51.000 I believe so.
01:24:52.000 Yeah, because it's a gay couple.
01:24:54.000 And maybe that's why she was allowed to do it.
01:24:57.000 I don't know if they fought her.
01:24:59.000 I don't know.
01:24:59.000 Maybe they just said, okay.
01:25:01.000 I don't know.
01:25:02.000 But they spent all that money taking care of her and paying her and the whole deal.
01:25:08.000 Yeah, it was crazy.
01:25:10.000 But the whole experience in Ukraine was really, yeah, insane.
01:25:13.000 And then being there, so much sort of depression and sadness at the same time with this couple.
01:25:19.000 It was really special.
01:25:20.000 What other things did you cover?
01:25:22.000 What other things did we cover?
01:25:25.000 This week's episode actually that airs tomorrow is about oil.
01:25:29.000 So we spent time in Nigeria in the Niger Delta.
01:25:31.000 It's one of the biggest oil producers in the world.
01:25:33.000 And then we went to Lebanon and spent time with Hezbollah.
01:25:37.000 Really?
01:25:40.000 How do you get connected to Hezbollah?
01:25:43.000 So essentially the episode was about how oil is financing terrorist groups or groups that the U.S. considers to be terrorist organizations like Hezbollah.
01:25:53.000 And so first we went to Nigeria and spent time.
01:25:55.000 And there's Boko Haram.
01:25:57.000 They kidnapped the 200 school children a few years back.
01:26:00.000 And they recently pledged allegiance to ISIS. And they're a very, very scary group that has done very horrific things up in the north of the country.
01:26:09.000 But what we heard is that they're getting their oil, a lot of their oil, from the south of the country, which is the biggest oil-producing region.
01:26:16.000 It's insane.
01:26:17.000 I had been there before, but it's the most insane place in the world, the Niger Delta.
01:26:22.000 It's basically swamps that are filled with oil.
01:26:25.000 You've got ExxonMobil and Shell and all these corporations that have been there taking the oil for decades and people living in absolute poverty.
01:26:35.000 And at one point they decided, you know, fuck this.
01:26:39.000 They're getting wealthy out of our oil.
01:26:41.000 So they started stealing the oil.
01:26:43.000 So there's estimates that anywhere between 30 to 90 percent of the oil that comes from Nigeria or that is produced in Nigeria is actually stolen, which is insane.
01:26:53.000 So we went to one of these sites.
01:26:54.000 It took us...
01:26:56.000 Days and days of—months and months of trying to get access and then days of going in Nigeria to different places and getting no's, no's, no's.
01:27:02.000 And then eventually we met with a king who used to be a militant himself.
01:27:07.000 But when the peace deal happened, they gave him the ceremonial post of being a king.
01:27:11.000 So we visited the king at his palace.
01:27:13.000 And it was a proper palace.
01:27:14.000 And we asked for his permission to film in his land.
01:27:17.000 And once we got that permission, we were able to film one of these huge— I think?
01:27:43.000 Everything is burnt and black, and you've got hundreds of people working, women who carry the huge bags with the refined oil, with the diesel.
01:27:53.000 This is it right here?
01:27:54.000 Yeah, this is it.
01:27:55.000 You see that photo up there, Jamie?
01:27:57.000 The one at the top, the big one?
01:27:58.000 Look at that.
01:27:59.000 Yeah, you see?
01:27:59.000 So that's where they're refining the oil, the big...
01:28:03.000 Oh my God.
01:28:04.000 It is really insane.
01:28:05.000 And they're covered in soot and all the smoke and...
01:28:10.000 A lot of them are barefoot and they're walking through.
01:28:14.000 This guy has boots.
01:28:15.000 But a lot of them that we saw were barefoot, particularly the women.
01:28:18.000 And they're, you know, covered in oil.
01:28:21.000 What kind of health consequences are these people facing because of this?
01:28:25.000 Yeah, it's really, and it speaks to the desperation.
01:28:29.000 You know, they're making like less than a dollar a day by doing this.
01:28:32.000 It's really, really sad.
01:28:33.000 So we arrive at this location and we'd finally been given permission to film and it's hundreds of people.
01:28:39.000 And we started filming and then suddenly we see a group of people coming our way and yelling and picking up buckets of hot oil and threatening to throw it at my cameraman, Josh.
01:28:51.000 It was a really, really scary moment.
01:28:53.000 We captured it on camera.
01:28:54.000 And we were yelling back, please don't, don't.
01:28:57.000 And the idea was that they thought we were white people coming from an oil corporation that were trying to shut down their operation, which would mean that they wouldn't have that $1 a day to bring back to their family.
01:29:06.000 So I had to spend a lot of time showing them my press pass, telling them that I'm a journalist.
01:29:12.000 I promise I'm not here as an oil corporation.
01:29:14.000 I'm a journalist.
01:29:15.000 And eventually it sort of calmed down and we were able to film.
01:29:18.000 But it was...
01:29:19.000 A crazy, crazy experience.
01:29:21.000 When you're in those situations, is there a cell service where you could pull up a video of your show?
01:29:26.000 Yeah, I usually do Instagram.
01:29:29.000 In that case, there was actually self-service, and I showed Instagram.
01:29:34.000 I showed, you see, I'm a journalist.
01:29:35.000 But also, what I get a lot is, I mean, yeah, you could have made that up, which is true.
01:29:39.000 You could have made this up.
01:29:40.000 But yeah, I always carry a press pass that says National Geographic, and it has my name with me as well.
01:29:45.000 In some countries, that actually helps more than whatever is online.
01:29:50.000 So it was definitely one of the sort of most dangerous moments because he was ready to throw hot oil at us.
01:29:57.000 But things calmed down.
01:29:59.000 We were able to film it.
01:30:00.000 And then a week later, we were on the border between Syria and Lebanon with Hezbollah and then with a group that works with Hezbollah and seeing them...
01:30:10.000 Bringing in unsanctioned oil that was coming from Iran and that is basically providing jobs and money and financial help to Hezbollah.
01:30:22.000 How did they steal the oil?
01:30:24.000 They didn't steal.
01:30:24.000 It was given to them by Iran.
01:30:25.000 Oh, okay.
01:30:26.000 So it's sanctioned oil.
01:30:28.000 So they're sanctions, U.S. sanctions, so they're not supposed to be selling their oil to Lebanon.
01:30:34.000 I think?
01:30:55.000 What they are not telling us is that this was not the first shipment, and they've been getting shipments for a long time, and that Hezbollah is making millions of dollars out of the Iranian oil.
01:31:05.000 And, you know, when I asked him, so why, if I know, it means the U.S. government probably knows this is happening, why aren't they doing more?
01:31:12.000 And he said, well, you have...
01:31:13.000 You have Syria, you have Iran, and you have Hezbollah, and it wouldn't be smart for the U.S. to get involved when there's this much power.
01:31:24.000 It could be the start of the Third World War, which is what he told us.
01:31:27.000 But yeah, it was insane.
01:31:31.000 But you're saying that 30 to 90% of this oil in Nigeria was stolen.
01:31:36.000 Stolen, and then a part of it ends up with Boko Haram, which is a terrorist organization in Africa.
01:31:42.000 How are they stealing the oil?
01:31:45.000 That's all stolen oil.
01:31:48.000 And how are they getting it?
01:31:49.000 They basically make holes.
01:31:58.000 We're good to go.
01:32:22.000 Wow.
01:32:23.000 Yeah, it's an interesting thing because I think we all think of, when you think of terrorist organizations, you think of, you know, how are they getting their guns?
01:32:33.000 How are they recruiting people?
01:32:34.000 But you don't think about the number one thing that they actually need is oil.
01:32:38.000 That's what they need for everything.
01:32:39.000 And then we were actually able, we went to a center where they were rehabilitating former Boko Haram terrorists.
01:32:59.000 Oof.
01:33:01.000 Yeah.
01:33:01.000 How much has affected you personally?
01:33:05.000 I mean, you get to see some of the worst aspects of human life in a lot of ways.
01:33:12.000 Some of the most disturbing aspects of human life.
01:33:16.000 I do, but I always see it through the eyes as a journalist.
01:33:21.000 I think that's what protects me in so many ways.
01:33:25.000 You know, I think like how my cameramen that I work with who are amazing always say how their protection is seeing it through the camera and it gives them a certain level of protection.
01:33:35.000 I don't want to sound too naive, but it is true that the fact that I find so many of these people to be so much like me and so human really gives me hope.
01:33:48.000 Because, again, it's about what are the motivations?
01:33:50.000 What is making these people do what they do?
01:33:53.000 And if we can get at those motivations, we can actually do something to prevent these black markets from existing.
01:33:59.000 And I think that's what's missing, is that we're always trying to sort of put a cap on these black markets, whether it's the war on drugs, you know, or whatever it is, we're trying to get to the sort of a very short-minded solution to the problem, our short-term solution as well.
01:34:15.000 But really, what's at the The crux of the problem, at the center of all of this, is the inequality that exists.
01:34:22.000 And if we provide people jobs, whether it's the militants that are now with Boko Haram, if we had given them jobs, or the kids in the cocaine trail, all of these people, the vast majority of them, if you provide them a job in the legal world,
01:34:39.000 they would much rather do that.
01:34:40.000 Not the guys at the top because they're making a shit ton of money.
01:34:44.000 But the guys at the top wouldn't be able to run their operations if they didn't have an army out there of people without opportunities.
01:34:52.000 Well, what you do is so important because if people didn't have access to the kind of footage that you're able to provide by going there and doing boots on the ground journalism, people wouldn't have this understanding of the reality of the world.
01:35:05.000 Yeah, thank you.
01:35:07.000 I love what I do, so none of it is a sacrifice, but it does take me away from my family.
01:35:13.000 I've spent half of my time on the road, and I'm a mother, so it's difficult.
01:35:16.000 I can imagine.
01:35:17.000 It's got to be very, very hard.
01:35:20.000 Have you investigated cobalt mining?
01:35:23.000 I haven't, but I have a friend who has in the Congo as well, and I've been wanting to.
01:35:30.000 Did you have somebody recently?
01:35:31.000 Siddharth Kara, who wrote a book on it, and he was over there for quite a long time, and it's...
01:35:37.000 In the Congo?
01:35:38.000 Yeah.
01:35:39.000 The footage of it is insane.
01:35:41.000 These people, what they call artisan cobalt mines.
01:35:45.000 You know, it's basically people with hammers and no protective equipment.
01:35:49.000 Women who are like 19 years old with babies on their backs.
01:35:53.000 And they're like digging into the ground, pulling out this cobalt.
01:35:57.000 And, you know, he was saying essentially that there's no such thing as like clean cobalt.
01:36:02.000 Like most cobalt.
01:36:04.000 These are these cobalt mines.
01:36:07.000 It was insane.
01:36:08.000 And Siddharth, who had risked his life to go there and try to show this and expose it.
01:36:15.000 What is his book, Jamie?
01:36:22.000 He just put out a book about his experiences, but having him on was like one of the heaviest podcasts we've ever done and him explaining that these companies are doing this and they're well aware and that this is Cobalt Red,
01:36:39.000 how the blood of the Congo powers our lives.
01:36:44.000 Having this conversation with him and realizing that every smartphone has this in it.
01:36:51.000 And this is something that people are blissfully unaware of, the source of the material that is powering the most sophisticated electronics that we use to operate our lives.
01:37:04.000 We are, but the owners of the companies are well aware, right?
01:37:07.000 Oh, they're well aware.
01:37:08.000 They must be.
01:37:09.000 He was explaining how Apple and all these other companies, every smartphone has this.
01:37:17.000 With the lithium-ion batteries, they have cobalt in them.
01:37:20.000 Yeah, we've been looking into doing an episode on that.
01:37:22.000 I've reported extensively on gold mining also in Colombia, for example, and how it was fueling.
01:37:27.000 Back then it was a civil war and it was FARC who was making a lot of money out of first cocaine and then gold became very profitable, if not more profitable.
01:37:38.000 And since then, it's now the Clan del Golfo, which is sort of the Colombian cartel that is the most powerful cartel in Colombia.
01:37:45.000 And they're all over the gold mining.
01:37:46.000 And I've been to a lot of these illegal mines.
01:37:49.000 And it's, again, so sad because it's the poorest of the poor people in horrific conditions also trying to get gold so that we can wear this.
01:37:57.000 Yeah, that's crazy, but that's not necessary.
01:38:02.000 What's really crazy, because gold is not really necessary.
01:38:06.000 Well, it is actually, because isn't it used for like airplanes?
01:38:12.000 I think it is, right?
01:38:14.000 I think so.
01:38:14.000 Jamie, help us out.
01:38:16.000 Gold is using phones, really?
01:38:18.000 Yeah.
01:38:19.000 Yeah, all this mining.
01:38:21.000 Yeah, I just think that there's a lack of awareness in general about where the stuff we wear and use comes from.
01:38:28.000 It just speaks to the chaotic existence that human beings enjoy.
01:38:33.000 It's a great conductor of electricity.
01:38:34.000 Right, yeah.
01:38:37.000 Two mils consider better conductive electricity than gold, silver, and copper.
01:38:41.000 Gold connectors are also used for transmitting digital data fast and accurately.
01:38:47.000 It's just so crazy that the most sophisticated electronics, like our smartphones, The root of it is someone with a hammer in the Congo inhaling these horrible toxic chemicals.
01:39:03.000 People who probably cannot afford to own the smartphones.
01:39:05.000 No electricity.
01:39:06.000 They have no electricity.
01:39:08.000 I mean, they barely are surviving off the money they make working 12 hours a day, digging into the ground.
01:39:14.000 And horrific health consequences of this as well.
01:39:18.000 Yeah, I really, really, really want to do an episode on that.
01:39:21.000 It is insane.
01:39:23.000 Yeah.
01:39:24.000 What else did you cover this year?
01:39:25.000 This year, we have oil.
01:39:27.000 We did one on fight clubs.
01:39:28.000 Oh, you liked that one.
01:39:29.000 Fight clubs?
01:39:30.000 Yeah.
01:39:30.000 That was a really good one.
01:39:31.000 There's real fight clubs?
01:39:31.000 Yeah.
01:39:32.000 Really?
01:39:32.000 I know.
01:39:33.000 There are.
01:39:33.000 I've seen some stuff on YouTube where there's like these backyard setups where people...
01:39:38.000 Yeah.
01:39:38.000 So we went to a few of those, but it's a real thing.
01:39:41.000 We did another on organs, but I'll go there in a second.
01:39:43.000 So fight clubs is really interesting.
01:39:46.000 I actually used to love MMA. Used to?
01:39:49.000 I mean, I don't watch it as much, or I don't watch it ever.
01:39:51.000 But I used to watch it when UFC, the Ultimate Fighting Challenge, came out.
01:39:57.000 Championship.
01:39:58.000 Ultimate Fighting Championship.
01:39:59.000 It's okay.
01:40:01.000 You would know about it.
01:40:02.000 I do know about it.
01:40:04.000 I used to really like it.
01:40:05.000 Actually, I think that's the first time I remember hearing about you.
01:40:08.000 But many, many years ago.
01:40:09.000 When was that?
01:40:10.000 It was like 2008?
01:40:12.000 2008?
01:40:12.000 When you first heard about it?
01:40:14.000 No, when the championship came out.
01:40:15.000 When they did the reality show.
01:40:16.000 That was 2005. 2005, yeah.
01:40:19.000 The reality show.
01:40:19.000 2005 was the ultimate fighter.
01:40:21.000 Ultimate fighting?
01:40:23.000 Wasn't it a challenge?
01:40:24.000 No.
01:40:25.000 I can help you here.
01:40:28.000 The Ultimate Fighting Championship is the name of the organization, and that was started in 1993. And it was purchased in 2001 by the company that I work for.
01:40:39.000 And they were called Zufa.
01:40:41.000 I actually started working for them in 1997. I started working for the UFC when it was very underground, and it was only on direct TV. It was actually banned from cable.
01:40:50.000 But that was more of an economic thing.
01:40:53.000 It was like, Boxing was trying to keep it out.
01:40:56.000 And also, people had a distorted idea of what it was.
01:41:00.000 Some people, like John McCain, referred to it as human cockfighting.
01:41:04.000 But me, as a lifelong martial artist, it was what I'd always wanted to see.
01:41:10.000 Stylistically, what is the best style of martial art?
01:41:13.000 Because it's a puzzle.
01:41:16.000 The way I describe martial arts is it's high-level problem-solving with dire physical consequences.
01:41:23.000 Which is why I loved it.
01:41:24.000 So it was called Ultimate Fighter, right?
01:41:27.000 Yes, that's the reality show that was on Spike TV. Which was so smart because it got people like me that I've never even watched or been interested in boxing to become obsessed with MMA. So for a little time, I was really into MMA and I was really into all the...
01:41:41.000 I can't remember one single fighter that I liked at the time, but I promise you I did.
01:41:45.000 Many years ago, I did.
01:41:46.000 And one of the things that I really loved about it was the use, how smart it was and how their...
01:41:51.000 Yeah, like problem solving constantly.
01:41:53.000 And I love that part about it.
01:41:55.000 Yeah, so haven't been a follower since.
01:41:57.000 But having liked it at some point in my life, and followed it, I started hearing about these fight clubs, and they do exist.
01:42:04.000 And right now, we basically that the episode is about one particular league, it's BKFC, bare knuckle fighting, have you heard of them?
01:42:12.000 And we started the episode actually in Thailand, which is the Mecca for MMA. And we went to a few underground illegal fights there.
01:42:22.000 And it was insane.
01:42:25.000 Oh, you would love it.
01:42:26.000 It was fucking crazy.
01:42:28.000 Everything is allowed.
01:42:29.000 So we went there.
01:42:30.000 It was this garage turned into a...
01:42:33.000 A fight night, and you pay to go in.
01:42:36.000 The promoter was a guy that we call Jonathan.
01:42:38.000 And he says, everything is allowed.
01:42:41.000 Everything you can even bite.
01:42:42.000 Everything is allowed.
01:42:43.000 You can bite.
01:42:44.000 You can do anything.
01:42:45.000 Everything is allowed.
01:42:46.000 And if people, because there's not an actual ring, if people come towards us, just push them back in.
01:42:52.000 And it's, I think it was like 20 kids or something, and they each fight against each other.
01:42:57.000 And some of them come dressed up as clowns or as a businessman.
01:43:00.000 They're trying to make it entertaining, and they come up with names for themselves.
01:43:04.000 And then they go at it.
01:43:06.000 And you can, I mean, you've been to many of these fights, but this, again, no rules.
01:43:10.000 You see people biting?
01:43:12.000 I didn't actually see people biting, but I did see a lot of blood, and there was no medics there, and there's no ambulances, and there's no medical whatever.
01:43:18.000 And then there were two kids in particular that we filmed that had a lot of blood coming out.
01:43:26.000 So that was Thailand, and we spent time there with BKFC there that is actually run by a guy called Nick Chapman.
01:43:33.000 And he was two of the fighters that he had for his upcoming big event actually came from these groups from the illegal and the underground fighting.
01:43:43.000 And it was a big draw because the underground fight that these two kids had fought had millions of viewers and people loved it.
01:43:51.000 And so then he brought them to the limelight of the BKFC and he had them fight.
01:43:56.000 And then we came to the US and trying to figure out, wait, is this really happening here?
01:44:01.000 Because like you said, you see these videos on YouTube, but how big a thing is this?
01:44:05.000 But the first place we went was in Detroit.
01:44:07.000 And we went to this, in this case, it was actually an illegal boxing match.
01:44:12.000 And it was a soup kitchen for the homeless during the day.
01:44:15.000 And at night, it became a gambling and fight club league.
01:44:19.000 And it was boxing again, lots of kids, lots of gambling.
01:44:22.000 So in this case, it's sort of what is legal and illegal changes in state by state.
01:44:27.000 It's not legal.
01:44:29.000 I think BKFC is actually not legal.
01:44:31.000 Bare knuckle fighting is not legal in half, I think more than half of the U.S. And in Michigan, for example, Detroit, this was boxing, but you can't, if there's gambling involved, they don't have a license.
01:44:41.000 So all of it was illegal and there was gambling involved.
01:44:44.000 And you're supposed to have paramedics on site and an ambulance on site.
01:44:47.000 None of that happened.
01:44:48.000 We filmed with one of the kids that got really badly hit and he was taken out with his brother, like holding him out into the night.
01:44:55.000 It was fascinating.
01:44:56.000 So it's there.
01:44:58.000 And then we follow this one kid who's 18 years old, the youngest ever BKFC fighter.
01:45:03.000 As he sort of starts going to tryouts and then has his spot and then we filmed his first fight on the BKFC and it was really fascinating.
01:45:13.000 They're doing a lot of what they're doing is they're taking fighters that are sort of...
01:45:18.000 They fought for big organizations like the UFC and didn't do that well.
01:45:25.000 Or they did well and maybe their time is up and then they offer them a lot of money to fight bare knuckle fights.
01:45:32.000 Apparently they're offering them a lot of money.
01:45:35.000 And we interviewed David Feldman, who is the head of the PKFC. And I asked him, so are you recruiting, because I know he's recruiting a lot from former UFC fighters,
01:45:50.000 but I asked him if he was also recruiting from sort of these illegal...
01:45:53.000 And he said, not so much, but this case, this kid, this 18-year-old was found out because he was fighting in one of these backyard fights.
01:46:01.000 And somebody saw him, a promoter saw him, really liked him, and then gave him this opportunity.
01:46:05.000 The bare knuckle thing is interesting because I was an advocate for removing gloves in MMA because I think that it gives you a false sense of safety and it also protects one part of your body because That is not the best weapon.
01:46:24.000 The only reason why your hands are good weapons as a fist, really, is because your hand's protected by wraps and gloves.
01:46:32.000 Hands are very easy to break.
01:46:34.000 Your hand is designed to carry things and hold stuff and pull things and manipulate things.
01:46:39.000 It's not really designed to hit.
01:46:41.000 And to punch someone with your hand, breaks are very, very common in MMA. And I would imagine even more so in bare knuckle.
01:46:52.000 You're allowed to hit someone with a bare elbow.
01:46:55.000 You're allowed to hit someone with a bare shin.
01:46:57.000 You're allowed to hit someone with knees.
01:47:00.000 It didn't make sense to me that you would protect the hands because you're getting it.
01:47:04.000 So for me as a martial artist, what I wanted was I was like, well, let's be honest about what this is.
01:47:12.000 You're trying to figure out what's the best way to fight.
01:47:17.000 And wouldn't that be more honest if you didn't have protection on your hands?
01:47:21.000 Because you wouldn't be able to use the hands the same way.
01:47:23.000 In MMA, guys just swing wildly and hope they don't break their hands, and their hands are somewhat protected by the gloves and somewhat protected by the wraps, but even then we still get a lot of hand breaks.
01:47:34.000 And I was thinking, it doesn't make sense that you're allowed to kick someone in the face with your shins or knee someone in the face or elbow them in the face, but you had your hands protected.
01:47:44.000 Right.
01:47:44.000 So what he says, which is interesting, is that he kept referring to this study that has been done where they found out that actually there are more concussions in UFC or MMA than there is in bare knuckle fighting, but there are more lacerations that happen when it's a bare hands or bare knuckles.
01:48:02.000 Yeah, that's what I would believe, too.
01:48:04.000 But that's also with elbows.
01:48:05.000 But elbows certainly can give you concussions.
01:48:07.000 But boxing has far more deaths than MMA. And boxing, I would imagine, none of it is good for your brain.
01:48:19.000 Zero.
01:48:19.000 Zero fighting is good for your brain.
01:48:21.000 Zero impact is good for your brain.
01:48:23.000 It's all bad for your brain.
01:48:25.000 But I would imagine if you were just boxing, you're going to get hit in the head more.
01:48:31.000 Because there's not the option to take someone down.
01:48:34.000 There's not the option to clinch and hold and press them up against the cage.
01:48:40.000 What I've seen from Bare Knuckle is this destroying of people's faces, like the laceration.
01:48:47.000 There's a fighter named Chris Lieben, and he was on The Ultimate Fighter season one, and he's kind of a legend in MMA, just a crazy, wild dude who's a brutal knockout puncher.
01:48:59.000 And he fought in bare knuckle towards the end of his career.
01:49:02.000 And he fought this guy, I think, Dakota Cochran, I think was his name.
01:49:07.000 And he got one of the worst cuts I've ever seen in all my years of watching fighting.
01:49:13.000 See if you can find Chris Lieben.
01:49:16.000 So this is, look at that.
01:49:18.000 I mean, that's from a bare knuckle fight.
01:49:21.000 I mean, it looks like he got hit with a machete.
01:49:23.000 It's crazy.
01:49:24.000 And that's lacerations from knuckles.
01:49:28.000 And, you know, this is a guy that fought, and that's Jason Knight, who also was a guy who fought in the UFC for a while and then left the UFC and wound up fighting bare knuckle.
01:49:41.000 And, I mean, just crazy lacerations because your skin and your face tears very easily.
01:49:50.000 So are you not a fan of BKFC? Have you watched any?
01:49:52.000 I've watched it.
01:49:53.000 I wouldn't say I'm a fan.
01:49:55.000 I don't watch it on a regular basis.
01:49:57.000 I'm a fan of people being allowed to do whatever they want to do.
01:50:00.000 And I'm a fan of bull riding if you want to do bull riding.
01:50:03.000 I don't want to ride a bull.
01:50:04.000 I don't want to stop someone from riding a bull, though.
01:50:06.000 And I think that's probably far more dangerous than this.
01:50:10.000 A lot of concussions and bull riding, too.
01:50:12.000 Deaths.
01:50:13.000 There's a lot of...
01:50:13.000 There's skill involved in bare-knuckle boxing.
01:50:16.000 I mean, it is a martial art, without a doubt.
01:50:20.000 The damage that it does to your face is pretty, pretty real.
01:50:24.000 And, you know, there's a woman named Paige Van Zandt, who's this beautiful girl who was a fighter for the UFC and has really become more wealthy from her OnlyFans and from her website and just from being hot.
01:50:40.000 And she's fought a few times in bare knuckle boxing, too.
01:50:43.000 And, you know, every time she fights, I'm like, you know, because I'm just worried about your face getting destroyed.
01:50:50.000 Yeah, we saw there was definitely a lot of blood.
01:50:53.000 But I think, yeah, I think it's the balance.
01:50:55.000 What he kept telling us is the balance.
01:50:57.000 Do you want more concussions or do you want more lacerations?
01:50:59.000 Yeah, well, you're getting concussions.
01:51:01.000 I mean, it's not like you're going to get less concussions.
01:51:04.000 I mean, you're still going to get them.
01:51:06.000 You're literally just punching each other in the face.
01:51:08.000 Right.
01:51:09.000 But I bet it's probably safer somewhat than boxing with gloves on because you can hit someone so much more.
01:51:17.000 It's the thudding on the head and the brain rattling around inside the head that causes all the real damage.
01:51:25.000 It's the rattling around even more than the actual hit, right?
01:51:28.000 Which is the thing with bull riding, one of the reasons.
01:51:30.000 I did a story on CTE and bull riding.
01:51:33.000 CTE is when you have a lot of concussions and then you...
01:51:36.000 Yeah, and it was a lot, what we heard is the rattling around.
01:51:41.000 CTE actually comes often from sub-concussive blows.
01:51:45.000 It's not just concussions.
01:51:49.000 You get it from jet skiing, believe it or not.
01:51:53.000 One of my good friends is Mark Gordon, and he runs therapy for traumatic brain injuries for soldiers and athletes.
01:52:06.000 A pioneer on therapies for people with traumatic brain injuries.
01:52:11.000 And he said that you'd be shocked at how many things cause CTE, which is chronic traumatic encephalopathy.
01:52:20.000 And it's sub-concussive blows that do a lot of the damage.
01:52:24.000 People that play soccer get CTE from heading the ball, believe it or not, which is crazy.
01:52:29.000 Crazy.
01:52:30.000 I don't think people ever associate soccer with CTE, but it's true.
01:52:33.000 It's, um, the brain is just not meant to get rattled around no matter what happens.
01:52:38.000 So if it's MMA or if it's boxing or bare knuckle boxing, you know, you can make it the argument that it's safer, but it's not safe.
01:52:46.000 It's the nature of what you're doing.
01:52:49.000 You understand it going into it.
01:52:51.000 It's not like you're being lied to.
01:52:52.000 You're going into it knowing it's not safe.
01:52:54.000 Yeah.
01:52:54.000 And that's one of the things that when we were interviewing bull riders, for example, that they all told us.
01:52:58.000 It's not as if we don't know this is a risk that this might happen to us, but this is still the profession we've chosen.
01:53:03.000 Yeah, and I don't think you should protect people from their decisions.
01:53:09.000 I think you should be allowed to, but you should be informed.
01:53:11.000 Informed and there should be – I think there should be some sort of controls in terms of if a person has just had a concussion, there should be a time between when they're allowed to go back in the ring or go back on – if people are on top of a bull.
01:53:24.000 And that's where sometimes in the name of profits and show business, that's where sometimes that lacks.
01:53:34.000 Well, there's also the reality of training and that a lot of the brain damage that people get, they get from training.
01:53:41.000 They get it from sparring.
01:53:42.000 When you're sparring and you're training, it's not like you only get brain damage from fights.
01:53:49.000 Most fighters, I believe, get the majority of the damage, especially if they're not in a good camp.
01:53:56.000 And there's different philosophies in terms of how people train.
01:53:59.000 And some people train where they spar hard all the time.
01:54:02.000 And some people train where they very rarely spar hard.
01:54:06.000 But if you're sparring hard, you're getting hit.
01:54:08.000 If you're getting hit, you're going to get damaged.
01:54:10.000 So if they have a concussion, they're still allowed to train if they want, of course.
01:54:14.000 You're supposed to – commissions will put no contact rules on a fighter after they have been knocked out or they've been badly damaged.
01:54:26.000 They would say like no contact for 90 days or something like that.
01:54:30.000 But I mean – How do you really know when a person is sparring?
01:54:34.000 How do you stop?
01:54:35.000 When the person goes back to St. Louis and they go back to their gym and they got knocked out a month ago, how are you going to stop them from sparring?
01:54:45.000 I mean, when there's no one in the gym and they're just working out, how are you going to stop that?
01:54:50.000 There was a story actually today about two women, two athletes.
01:54:53.000 I think one was a cyclist and the other one was a snowboard or something to do with skiing and snow.
01:54:59.000 And they both committed suicide.
01:55:01.000 One was American, I think the other one was British.
01:55:02.000 And they both committed suicide and they were very happy individuals, high achievers, great in school, lots of friends.
01:55:09.000 And then suddenly they had really bad concussions and then everything turned south.
01:55:12.000 It's horrible.
01:55:13.000 It's really, and particularly in women, I think it's understudied, CT in women, because it apparently has even a bigger effect on women.
01:55:22.000 It goes more undetected, or there's less studies done on how it affects the brain, and concussions have a completely different effect on women than they have on men, and that's what the article was talking about.
01:55:33.000 Well, what Dr. Gordon describes is the damage to the pituitary gland.
01:55:36.000 It's like the pituitary gland is particularly delicate.
01:55:39.000 And when you get hit, it could be just one.
01:55:42.000 It varies so much.
01:55:44.000 One person could get knocked out a bunch of times and they don't have an issue.
01:55:48.000 And then one person, just one concussion and they're forever changed.
01:55:52.000 And that's the reality of it.
01:55:54.000 And there's also a gene expression, I think it's called APOE4, that makes someone more likely to get CTE. Yeah.
01:56:05.000 It's really sad.
01:56:06.000 I mean, with the bull riding, we filmed a family of a kid in Canada who won the championship in Canada for bull riding.
01:56:15.000 He's a loved guy in the league.
01:56:19.000 His name was Tyler and he committed suicide and he was so young he was like 24 years old and he was very happy-go-lucky normal and then suddenly you know and he also I mean he had I think he actually did have a lot of concussions but it was everything happened so fast yeah it's horrible it's horrible and for many of these people they don't have another thing to do so this is their life and this is and they want to get back to doing it and they want to try and then it gets worse and You know and then when you're suffering from a concussion and you
01:56:49.000 get repeated concussions and it's compounded Yeah, and a lot of these people, you know, for example, the bull riders and I think the MMA fighters, certainly in the bull riding community, once they start feeling like something isn't right, they don't really have,
01:57:05.000 they don't feel like it's, they don't feel safe or they don't want to talk to other people about it because they think it's not manly to tell other people that they're feeling depressed and they can't figure out why or they're unhappy.
01:57:16.000 Why are you unhappy?
01:57:17.000 You just won a championship or you're doing so well in your life.
01:57:20.000 What's the reason for your depression?
01:57:22.000 So it's sort of a cycle.
01:57:23.000 Yeah, there's a lot of, there's unawareness, and then there's also the reality of what kind of person gravitates towards that thing in the first place.
01:57:30.000 They have extreme confidence.
01:57:31.000 They also have this belief that they're different, and that they, especially if they're a fighter, like, I know what I am, and I'm better than this, and I'm better than everybody else, and I'm going to figure this out.
01:57:43.000 I'm going to just keep doing it.
01:57:44.000 Right.
01:57:44.000 And it's their identity and there's so many things wrapped up into it that makes them continue down that path.
01:57:52.000 And a lot of them, their coaches don't help either.
01:57:55.000 Their coaches, you know, I don't know if the coaches are unaware or if they're not sophisticated about it or they don't care, but they let these guys keep fighting when they 100% should retire.
01:58:08.000 And, you know, it's very difficult for me to watch that.
01:58:12.000 It's the number one thing that I'm most conflicted about, about commenting on MMA fights, is knowing that some people are gone.
01:58:19.000 And they're not the same guy anymore.
01:58:21.000 You see their movement is awkward.
01:58:23.000 Really?
01:58:23.000 Yeah, you see their movement.
01:58:25.000 Their movement's awkward.
01:58:26.000 Their steps are shorter.
01:58:28.000 They don't have a fluidity to their movement anymore and to their gait.
01:58:32.000 And their neural system, their neurological system is compromised.
01:58:37.000 So what do you do in a situation like that?
01:58:40.000 What can I do?
01:58:41.000 You know, if it's a person that I know, I try to tell them, you have to stop.
01:58:45.000 And what's the answer usually?
01:58:47.000 Most of the time they don't want to stop.
01:58:48.000 They reject it.
01:58:49.000 They're mad at me.
01:58:50.000 I had one very public thing that I did with a very good friend of mine.
01:58:58.000 Who had been knocked out a bunch of times in the UFC. And I had to tell him on a podcast after he got knocked out, I'm like, you have to stop.
01:59:06.000 You have to stop.
01:59:07.000 I'm like, this is going to keep happening and it's going to get way worse.
01:59:11.000 Because once you've been knocked out a bunch of times, there's also a thing that happens where it's more easy to knock you out.
01:59:17.000 You can't take a shot anymore.
01:59:18.000 That's right.
01:59:19.000 Which was the case with this kid, Ty.
01:59:21.000 He kept on being knocked out.
01:59:22.000 And so did he stop?
01:59:24.000 He did.
01:59:25.000 Yeah, my friend did.
01:59:26.000 But he fucking was very mad at me for a while.
01:59:28.000 Yeah, he was.
01:59:30.000 Now he's so happy and he thanks me.
01:59:32.000 What does he do now?
01:59:33.000 He does podcasting.
01:59:35.000 That's great.
01:59:35.000 Yeah, but it was a real problem where we were all aware of it, but no one wanted to say anything.
01:59:41.000 I've just been involved in this world my whole life.
01:59:45.000 And I've seen it my whole life.
01:59:47.000 I've seen people that never had a career in fighting, and they just got brain damage from sparring.
01:59:52.000 You know, and I knew that I was on that road myself.
01:59:54.000 Like, I remember one day when I was 21. Laying in bed after sparring and my head was throbbing and I was just lying on the pillow and my head was beat just bing, bing, bing.
02:00:09.000 With every beat of my heart, my head was throbbing and I was like, what am I doing in my brain?
02:00:14.000 Like, what am I doing?
02:00:15.000 And how much damage have I already done?
02:00:18.000 Because a lot of brain damage doesn't even show up until years after the injury.
02:00:25.000 And, you know, there's just, everything's fucked.
02:00:28.000 Everything's fucked.
02:00:29.000 So is it something you're still worried about?
02:00:30.000 No, not anymore.
02:00:31.000 I'm sure I have some lingering effects of it.
02:00:34.000 I mean, clearly.
02:00:35.000 Yeah.
02:00:37.000 No doubt.
02:00:38.000 I think there's a certain amount of brain damage that everyone who competes in combat sports has to accept.
02:00:47.000 But it's not even and you don't know.
02:00:50.000 And some people are fine.
02:00:51.000 They've had full long careers and there's nothing wrong with them.
02:00:54.000 They're fine.
02:00:55.000 And then other people, they're just one or two knockouts and they're never the same person again.
02:01:01.000 You know, there was a guy named Meldrick Taylor who was an Olympic gold medalist, elite boxer, and he had one fight with Julio Cesar Chavez, and it was an absolutely brutal fight where he was knocked out with two seconds to go in the last round by Julio Cesar Chavez,
02:01:18.000 who was one of the greatest of all time.
02:01:20.000 But it was a fight that Meldrick Taylor was winning, and he got knocked out with two seconds to go.
02:01:25.000 It was a famous thing because referee Richard Steele, he waved the fight off and everybody was so mad at him that he stopped the fight with two seconds to go but Meldrick was never the same again.
02:01:34.000 Never the same again.
02:01:35.000 He kept getting knocked out after that and now there's been interviews with him where you hear him talk now.
02:01:40.000 He was planning a comeback years back and they interviewed him and it's the most depressing thing.
02:01:47.000 See if you can find Meldrick Taylor being interviewed because in the beginning of his career You know, you would hear him talk, and he was talking about his training and his this and his that, and he was just a normal guy, nothing wrong.
02:02:01.000 And then you see him, and he's in his 30s.
02:02:04.000 He's young.
02:02:06.000 He's fit, and he literally can't form sentences.
02:02:10.000 He can't get words out.
02:02:11.000 It sounds like he just drank, you know, like five bottles of vodka, and, you know, and you picked him up off the couch and had him have to have a conversation.
02:02:19.000 That's punch drunk.
02:02:20.000 I mean, that's why people call it punch drunk.
02:02:23.000 Yeah, that's right.
02:02:23.000 Because it really does sound like they're drunk.
02:02:26.000 Let's hear this.
02:02:27.000 I was very impressed with what I saw.
02:02:31.000 Everything through was very solid.
02:02:34.000 He looked very advanced to take his punches and everything was accurate and everything was consistent.
02:02:44.000 This is not too bad.
02:02:46.000 This is after one of the fights.
02:02:50.000 Like, do Meldrick Taylor interview brain damage?
02:02:55.000 Google that because people are super aware of him because he was an Olympic gold medalist and he was like, that's the same video.
02:03:03.000 Just go to videos and scroll down.
02:03:14.000 Maybe that one.
02:03:17.000 Maybe that tale of Julio Cesar Chavez versus Meldrick Taylor.
02:03:23.000 Yeah, is it?
02:03:23.000 Well, I don't think they're going to have it in this one because this is HBO. I don't think they're going to show that he...
02:03:29.000 Right.
02:03:31.000 But just Google Meldrick Taylor slurring his words.
02:03:34.000 Try that.
02:03:35.000 But it was really bad.
02:03:37.000 What happened to him, by the way?
02:03:39.000 He retired, but another one is Terry Norris.
02:03:43.000 I know there's ones with Terry Norris.
02:03:45.000 Terry Norris is another, he actually knocked out Meldrick Taylor.
02:03:48.000 He was one of the guys that knocked out Meldrick Taylor after the knockout loss to Julio Cesar Chavez.
02:03:53.000 And Meldrick Taylor, there was actually a thing because his wife, he's teaching boxing now and his wife helps him and he's like really compromised.
02:04:03.000 And Terry Norris in his prom, here, this is it, this is it.
02:04:08.000 It's funny not to me because the media wrote bad things about me.
02:04:12.000 When I'm in my name, I was washed up.
02:04:17.000 See, that's what I'm talking about.
02:04:20.000 And you see now he's fighting, you know, play a little bit more of that.
02:04:25.000 Meldrick is the classic.
02:04:28.000 So that's Dr. Margaret Goodman, and I think she's talking about he's a classic.
02:04:32.000 And I think I'm going to really excel in this fight.
02:04:35.000 It's going to propel me as the best fighter and powerful fighter in the world.
02:04:37.000 It's going to make me a superstar.
02:04:39.000 People say a lot of things about me, about my career.
02:04:42.000 I shouldn't be fighting no more.
02:04:43.000 It's not true.
02:04:48.000 See, that's 10 years.
02:04:49.000 And he's still saying he wants to go fight.
02:04:51.000 This is 10 years later.
02:04:52.000 So this was, you go back 10 years, he's fine.
02:04:56.000 10 years later, he's doomed.
02:04:58.000 And it's only going to get worse.
02:05:00.000 Get to the point where you literally can't understand a word they're saying.
02:05:04.000 Yeah.
02:05:05.000 I mean, it's so wrapped up in their identity.
02:05:07.000 Yes.
02:05:07.000 It's everything.
02:05:09.000 It's also the most exciting moments of their life.
02:05:13.000 There's nothing like it.
02:05:14.000 The victory, and Meldrick was a champion.
02:05:17.000 I mean, he was an elite, elite fighter.
02:05:19.000 So he had trained so hard and dedicated so much.
02:05:23.000 To be at that level that Meldrick Taylor was or that Terry Norris was, you have to dedicate everything you have to be that good because you're beating the best guys in the world.
02:05:34.000 And that it's so much of your identity and you haven't done anything else.
02:05:41.000 This is all you've ever done.
02:05:43.000 Yeah, you've devoted your whole life to being this person and then you're not able to be that person anymore.
02:05:48.000 So I don't know if bare-knuckle boxing is going to protect people from that.
02:05:52.000 I don't think it is.
02:05:53.000 But it's maybe slightly.
02:05:55.000 Maybe you can't do as many fights because your face gets so lacerated.
02:05:59.000 Yeah, I think one of the questions that we were interested in is if there's an incentive for these illegal fights.
02:06:08.000 But I think like everything, boxing, MMA, they all started by getting people from sort of the underground fights, right?
02:06:16.000 Yeah.
02:06:17.000 Is this it?
02:06:18.000 Fight Club Thailand.
02:06:19.000 This is Fight Club Thailand?
02:06:21.000 Yeah.
02:06:21.000 So Fight Club is one of the groups that we filmed with.
02:06:23.000 One of the kids.
02:06:24.000 Interesting how they have gloves on.
02:06:27.000 This is just a fight I found randomly on YouTube.
02:06:29.000 Okay, these kids have...
02:06:30.000 This is just a regular fight.
02:06:31.000 This wasn't that bad.
02:06:33.000 It's just showing you.
02:06:34.000 Yeah.
02:06:35.000 I'm trying to figure out if these were the...
02:06:36.000 Interesting because these guys have gloves on.
02:06:39.000 I think what happened...
02:06:41.000 I'm not sure.
02:06:42.000 The kids that we saw fight...
02:06:43.000 There was a kid called Nassim and Maseng...
02:06:49.000 Oh, but this is interesting because they're letting him get up after he gets dropped.
02:06:56.000 So this seems like...
02:06:58.000 Are they stopping the fight?
02:07:01.000 So this is...
02:07:03.000 So this is like a stand-up fight only?
02:07:06.000 Or is this...
02:07:07.000 This seems like it's Muay Thai with gloves on.
02:07:13.000 Because when the guy went down, they actually gave him an 8 count.
02:07:19.000 This is a lot more organized, by the way, than what we filmed.
02:07:22.000 I found another one that seemed a little more organized too, but it was in the middle of a highway overpass.
02:07:27.000 Yeah, ours was not like this at all.
02:07:29.000 In fact, I don't think there's a lot of films out there that depict what we filmed.
02:07:34.000 It was very, it was like in a garage transformed into, and it was a bunch of kids cheering these guys out.
02:07:41.000 And one of them actually, the promoter, Nick Chapman, who runs BKFC in Thailand, had already picked two of these guys to go and fight with him.
02:07:51.000 For his league.
02:07:52.000 And then there was another one this day that he discovered and went up to him and asked for his phone number and said, hey, we want you to come and try out with us.
02:07:59.000 How much money are they paying these people?
02:08:00.000 Because I don't know.
02:08:01.000 We never got that information.
02:08:03.000 The bare knuckle fighting thing, I know they're incentivizing these MMA fighters to stop fighting MMA. And guys who are like elite fighters like Hector Lombard and Diego Sanchez, who was on season one of The Ultimate Fighter, he's now fighting for them.
02:08:18.000 And there's a guy named Mike Perry, who's a really good fighter, who's one of their, I think he's a champion over there now.
02:08:24.000 And apparently they have a lot of viewers, a lot of people, a lot of fans, a lot of people tune in to their events.
02:08:29.000 I would imagine.
02:08:30.000 Is it a pay-per-view?
02:08:30.000 It's pay-per-view, right?
02:08:31.000 Yeah, I think it's pay-per-view, yeah.
02:08:32.000 And they have their own channel or their own online channel.
02:08:35.000 Yeah.
02:08:36.000 And a lot of people, and even in the Thailand event, there was thousands of people that showed up that day.
02:08:41.000 It was massive.
02:08:42.000 It's very difficult to put together a successful mixed martial arts promotion.
02:08:48.000 It's very difficult to get elite talent.
02:08:50.000 It's very difficult to lure people away from the UFC. There's like these UFC and Bellator in the United States and there's a lesser known organization called the PFL that pays a lot of money.
02:09:04.000 And they pay a lot of money to try to incentivize people that are thinking about re-signing with the UFC to go over to there.
02:09:10.000 And they were on NBC for a while, at least NBC Sports.
02:09:15.000 And then there's One FC, which is an enormous company that's in Asia that gets a lot of elite talent to go over there.
02:09:22.000 And again, it's like they incentivize people with money, but you have to have very, very, very deep pockets to be able to get these people.
02:09:30.000 And then to put together a promotion that people are willing to pay for is even harder.
02:09:36.000 Like Bellator, which is the number two organization in the United States, I think they've only done one pay-per-view event.
02:09:43.000 I think most of what they do is on Showtime or now the last one they had was on CBS. But because it's costly?
02:09:52.000 Yes.
02:09:52.000 And people don't want to pay.
02:09:54.000 To get people to spend enough money on a pay-per-view where you could pay the fighters millions of dollars is so hard to do.
02:10:05.000 Mm-hmm.
02:10:06.000 Right, if you're getting those kind of fighters.
02:10:08.000 But if you're getting fighters like from the street fights of Thailand, you're not paying them.
02:10:11.000 You're paying them a few thousand dollars.
02:10:13.000 And I think there is an inbuilt – that's what we saw is that there's an inbuilt – they already have inbuilt followers because people are fascinated.
02:10:22.000 This had millions of views, this fight between these two kids, these street fighters.
02:10:27.000 And so that's what he used, the already following that these guys had to promote this big event.
02:10:33.000 Yeah.
02:10:33.000 Well, that was what I was getting to.
02:10:35.000 What Bare Knuckle offers, though, is a different, even more hardcore image.
02:10:42.000 It's like these guys don't even have gloves on.
02:10:44.000 And so maybe you can get people to spend money to see that on pay-per-view where they might know some of the fighters.
02:10:53.000 Some of the fighters have names, but...
02:10:56.000 To see them fight in MMA, be like, well, you're watching...
02:10:59.000 I don't mean to disparage, but this is the hardcore fan's perspective.
02:11:04.000 You're watching second-rate MMA, which is not really fair because a lot of those guys are first-rate fighters.
02:11:11.000 They just chose to fight in Bellator and they make more money there.
02:11:16.000 So it's complex.
02:11:17.000 So it's like, to be able to put together a promotion like the UFC has, there's really only one UFC in America.
02:11:23.000 It's the only one that has a pay-per-view every month.
02:11:26.000 A successful pay-per-view every single month.
02:11:29.000 Right, and they're all trying to be UFC. Yes, they're all trying to be...
02:11:34.000 To compete with UFC or be that legitimate.
02:11:36.000 Yeah, from what I heard and saw, there is some sort of appeal to the fact that it's bloodier, right?
02:11:42.000 I think a lot of people want to watch fights because it's promises, blood, and...
02:11:49.000 Knockouts is what people want to see.
02:11:51.000 More even than blood.
02:11:53.000 They want to see people get knocked out.
02:11:54.000 And I think there's a certain idea.
02:11:58.000 They all want to be Kimbo Slice.
02:11:59.000 Yes, yes.
02:12:01.000 We hear that a lot.
02:12:02.000 And this idea that it's a little bit underground still, or some of these fighters are fighting in the underground.
02:12:08.000 There's an allure to that that attracts people, I think.
02:12:11.000 What did you feel when you were watching that, that people are being exploited?
02:12:17.000 What did it feel like to you when you were there?
02:12:19.000 Did it bother you?
02:12:20.000 No, I think that there is.
02:12:22.000 One of my biggest questions was about the incentive, right?
02:12:25.000 Basically, if you're getting these kids and offering them money once you see them play or fight in the underground, you're basically incentivizing these fight clubs to exist.
02:12:37.000 But I think that can be applied to many other forms of fighting.
02:12:41.000 What I did see was that these kids were given an opportunity to be completely fair.
02:12:45.000 They were given an opportunity that they would never be given.
02:12:47.000 They're fighting anyway.
02:12:48.000 It's Thailand.
02:12:49.000 It's in their blood.
02:12:50.000 They're out there on the streets.
02:12:52.000 We saw some of these kids fighting out on the streets and training on the streets and it's craziness.
02:12:56.000 So they're going to be fighting anyway.
02:12:58.000 These street fights, there's one called Fight Club, the other one's called Street Fight.
02:13:01.000 They're like big rivalries and they put on shows that are unpaid and they just do it for the support of it.
02:13:06.000 So at least they're giving them an opportunity with an American company to pay them some money.
02:13:12.000 The problem for me, or perhaps not the problem, but the big question that I raised was, was it incentivizing...
02:13:21.000 I think that is the biggest question that they would say.
02:13:39.000 Is that every single league, whether it's boxing or the UFC, they all started by picking or plucking from the underground.
02:13:46.000 No, that's not true.
02:13:48.000 Not the UFC. No.
02:13:49.000 I mean, there's a few fighters like Kimbo Slice, but Kimbo Slice...
02:13:54.000 He actually became very famous like the first guy to become famous from these backyard fights and became hugely famous and then eventually went on the Ultimate Fighter and lost in the Ultimate Fighter to Roy Big Country Nelson who was a skilled grappler who took him down and beat him up on the ground.
02:14:12.000 And it showed that someone who is a bare-knuckle fighter really has...
02:14:18.000 They're missing some skills that would allow...
02:14:21.000 Because people are like, Kimbo Slice can beat anybody.
02:14:22.000 But then you see, no, this big fat guy takes him down and beats the shit out of him.
02:14:26.000 And you're like, oh, there's levels to this.
02:14:28.000 And then Kimbo, with his incredible courage, decided to continue to learn and grow and try to fight in the UFC. And he had a bunch of fights.
02:14:36.000 And he fought for a company called Elite XC. Which was a CBS startup where they're trying to do the same thing and recreate what the UFC had done.
02:14:45.000 It wasn't that successful.
02:14:46.000 But Kimbo was their main guy because he was so famous.
02:14:49.000 So there's him.
02:14:50.000 But other than that, most of the people come from amateur organizations.
02:14:55.000 And they come from small shows like the LFA and like lower tiered mixed martial arts organizations that are...
02:15:03.000 The level of talent is extremely high now.
02:15:06.000 So because of the incentive to get into the UFC or Bellator or any of these big organizations where you can make a lot of money, you're getting very skilled amateur wrestlers, very skilled kickboxers.
02:15:17.000 They're not all pulling from these backyard fights.
02:15:21.000 That is true.
02:15:22.000 But if you don't have an opportunity to fight on an amateur level, and if all you can do is fight in the backyard and there's somebody filming, and there is an example of a Kimbo Slice out there, I can guarantee that there are hundreds of kids out there willing to take those risks because they think they might be able to be the next Kimbo Slice.
02:15:39.000 Perhaps.
02:15:39.000 And I think the same thing applies to BKFC. Perhaps.
02:15:42.000 The fact that they put on shows with these kids.
02:15:45.000 And I'm not saying that's right or wrong.
02:15:47.000 I'm saying that this is happening.
02:15:49.000 And whether it should be allowed or not is not my place.
02:15:52.000 What I'm just saying is that it's a small percentage of the fighters.
02:15:56.000 When you're dealing with something like the UFC, the vast majority of these fighters are coming from legitimate gyms.
02:16:03.000 Because to be able to compete at the highest level, you have to have a full, comprehensive set of skills.
02:16:09.000 You have to be very good.
02:16:11.000 And you're seeing guys who compete in the UFC for the very first time that are world-class talents because they fought in these other organizations and successfully built up their skills until they're ready for the UFC. Right.
02:16:23.000 They wind up the ladder.
02:16:24.000 But I think BKFC would probably say the same thing, that the vast majority of their fighters are also skilled and they come from other leagues and other places.
02:16:31.000 But some of them also come from the underground.
02:16:33.000 I think BKFC is probably the best example of that sort of underground thing.
02:16:39.000 As far as I know, I think they take care of things medically and they have EMTs on staff.
02:16:47.000 They have people ready.
02:16:48.000 Yeah.
02:16:49.000 So it's different.
02:16:50.000 They absolutely do.
02:16:50.000 It's different than the underground backyard things.
02:16:53.000 Just BFC, BKFC is illegal in a lot of states, but it's legal in like Wyoming and that's where they were having a lot of their fights and some other states that are like, fuck it.
02:17:03.000 Give it a shot.
02:17:04.000 Come on.
02:17:05.000 And I don't think that's necessarily wrong.
02:17:08.000 Like, I think you should be allowed to do it if you want to do it.
02:17:11.000 And there's, you know, I have friends that do it.
02:17:13.000 Backyard fighting?
02:17:15.000 No, bare-knuckle fighting.
02:17:16.000 Oh, bare-knuckle, yeah.
02:17:17.000 I have to say, we went to the event both here and in Thailand, and it's really, as a huge fan of MMA myself, no, it is really, really, I mean, it was really entertaining.
02:17:32.000 Yeah, it's entertaining.
02:17:33.000 Watching people beat the shit out of each other, unfortunately, is very entertaining.
02:17:37.000 I would agree.
02:17:38.000 Yeah.
02:17:39.000 But I think for the casual observer, it can give the sport a bad name because people think of it as just being this awful fight club type thing and this is what it's all about.
02:17:53.000 It appeals to the worst aspects of human nature.
02:17:56.000 Yeah, and particularly if people are making money out of other people's risking without any medical support, again, that idea is bad.
02:18:03.000 And if there's gambling involved and these kids are not being paid or they're only paid if they win, but again, no medical support, that's all questionable.
02:18:13.000 Well, the UFC actually recently outlawed gambling in terms of all of its fighters.
02:18:17.000 Like, no one's allowed to gamble anymore because there was a scandal.
02:18:21.000 What was the scandal?
02:18:22.000 One of the fighters apparently was injured and it was revealed on an online forum in some way.
02:18:30.000 I don't know the full details because there's currently an investigation.
02:18:35.000 So the coach was suspended, the fighter who was in question was suspended, and everyone from that gym or that coach trained is no longer allowed to compete in the UFC. So everyone from that gym had to leave that gym and go to other gyms.
02:18:50.000 So these are professionals that relied on that gym for all of their training and they planned their career.
02:18:56.000 So these people have to relocate.
02:18:58.000 They have to move.
02:18:59.000 They have to do something different.
02:19:01.000 And then this fighter or this trainer rather is in deep shit.
02:19:05.000 Like there's a real serious investigation as to whether or not They told people that this guy was injured and he was going to take a dive or that he was no way he was going to be able to win the fight.
02:19:16.000 And then a bunch of people bet on his opponent.
02:19:19.000 And there was so late money, informed money.
02:19:22.000 Wow.
02:19:23.000 And then they came in and he won and everybody lost their money.
02:19:25.000 Exactly.
02:19:26.000 No, no, no, no, no.
02:19:27.000 He came in and he lost and everybody won money because they knew he was going to lose.
02:19:31.000 Oh, so they were betting on him and losing?
02:19:33.000 They bet against him.
02:19:34.000 Got it, yeah.
02:19:35.000 But why were they telling people that he was going to lose?
02:19:38.000 So then the odds would be- Because they could bet on it.
02:19:39.000 But the odds would be less against them, for them, right?
02:19:42.000 No, they didn't.
02:19:43.000 They wanted to make money.
02:19:44.000 They're not trying to prop him up.
02:19:46.000 Let me explain it.
02:19:47.000 Let me explain it.
02:19:48.000 What they were doing was the fighter who was injured When they have these gambling forums and they discuss this.
02:19:55.000 The fighter who was injured, everyone knew this fighter was injured.
02:19:59.000 This coach had apparently informed people to bet against this fighter.
02:20:04.000 Because he was injured.
02:20:05.000 And then he goes and wins.
02:20:06.000 No.
02:20:06.000 He lost.
02:20:07.000 He was injured.
02:20:08.000 He was informing them correctly.
02:20:10.000 So this guy went in and essentially he had no chance.
02:20:13.000 And all this informed money on the fact that this guy shouldn't have been fighting in the first place, bet against him, bet on the opponent, and made a lot of money.
02:20:22.000 The bookmakers found out about this, the oddsmakers found out about this, and it's akin to cheating because they knew that this guy was not going to be able to really fight.
02:20:30.000 What would have been even smarter because then the odds would have been more in favor of him as if he had told a large group of people that he was injured and in fact he wasn't injured and he went there and won and then everybody was betting against the opponent and there were less people betting for him so they would win more money.
02:20:45.000 That's what I thought you were saying.
02:20:46.000 No, you could do that but then you would have to actually win.
02:20:50.000 Yeah, you'd have to actually win.
02:20:51.000 And then when you're dealing with an organization like the UFC, these fighters are well matched.
02:20:58.000 So the odds of him just being able to win and lie about it, there's no guarantee anyway.
02:21:05.000 He could still get knocked unconscious even if he says, hey, I'm injured, but he's not.
02:21:10.000 You can guarantee a lose, but you can't guarantee a win, right?
02:21:12.000 Right.
02:21:13.000 That's it.
02:21:13.000 So if a guy's injured and you know he's going to lose, then people pushed all the...
02:21:18.000 There was too much money that was being bet, and that's what triggered the investigation.
02:21:21.000 And then people found out that they had discussed the fact this guy was allegedly discussed the fact this guy was unable to really compete.
02:21:30.000 And fought.
02:21:31.000 So now, no one's allowed to bet in the UFC. You can't even bet on yourself, which I think is kind of fucked.
02:21:38.000 Because like if a fighter is going to win, like let's say if your win bonus, your show money and win money is like $100,000 to show and $100,000 to win, which is often the case.
02:21:51.000 A fighter could say, I'm going to bet $100,000 on myself because I'm going to fuck this guy up.
02:21:55.000 And then he wins.
02:21:56.000 Maybe he has good odds.
02:21:58.000 And then you could bet on yourself.
02:21:59.000 You can gamble.
02:22:00.000 And guys have done that, and it's kind of exciting.
02:22:02.000 Now you can't do that anymore.
02:22:03.000 Can you bet in boxing?
02:22:05.000 I do not know.
02:22:06.000 I do not know.
02:22:07.000 That's a good question.
02:22:09.000 I don't think boxing is regulated the way the UFC is, where there's not a primary organization.
02:22:15.000 In boxing, you have a bunch of different promoters.
02:22:20.000 So you have Golden Boy and Top Rank.
02:22:23.000 You have all these different promoters.
02:22:24.000 So it's not like one organization controls all the fighters that are in this league.
02:22:30.000 Right.
02:22:30.000 That's what the UFC does.
02:22:32.000 The UFC is itself famous.
02:22:34.000 It's like the NFL or the NBA. It's itself famous.
02:22:37.000 Whereas in boxing, that's not really the case.
02:22:39.000 In boxing, it's all about who is the champion.
02:22:42.000 And champions will change promoters.
02:22:45.000 They'll move to different organizations.
02:22:46.000 But it's still Canelo Alvarez.
02:22:48.000 It's still Floyd Mayweather.
02:22:49.000 And that's what people pay to see.
02:22:51.000 With the UFC, the UFC is the biggest name.
02:22:54.000 Right.
02:22:55.000 That's what's different.
02:22:56.000 So the UFC, as an organization, said, you know what?
02:22:59.000 We are going to ban all gambling because of this.
02:23:01.000 So no one can gamble, including, I think, me.
02:23:04.000 I think even commentators aren't allowed to gamble, which is interesting.
02:23:07.000 Yeah, I'd assume not.
02:23:08.000 If no one else is, why would you be able to?
02:23:10.000 Yeah, but I mean, I can't affect the outcome.
02:23:13.000 That's the thing.
02:23:14.000 It's like...
02:23:15.000 If I'm just calling a fight and I see the odds, I'm like, these odds suck.
02:23:20.000 I think this guy is going to beat this guy.
02:23:22.000 Did you used to gamble?
02:23:23.000 Yeah, in the early days.
02:23:25.000 Because the odds were so terrible.
02:23:27.000 In the early days, and then I stopped voluntarily myself.
02:23:31.000 In the early 2000s, I'm like, this is kind of fucked.
02:23:34.000 Because I was worried that I was giving biased commentary based on bets.
02:23:39.000 But there was never big bets.
02:23:40.000 It was like $100 or something like that.
02:23:42.000 But I had a business partner of mine, and I would give him all my picks.
02:23:47.000 And we were at 84% at one time.
02:23:50.000 Wow.
02:23:50.000 Where he won 84% of the bets.
02:23:53.000 It was crazy.
02:23:53.000 We calculated it up over multiple cards.
02:23:56.000 But a lot of it was because you were getting these guys like Anderson Silva, who's this elite fighter who came over from fighting in Japan and then fighting in England.
02:24:04.000 Remember Anderson?
02:24:05.000 I remember him.
02:24:06.000 Oh my god.
02:24:06.000 In his prime.
02:24:07.000 He was the GOAT. And so when he first came to the UFC, I was like, bet the house on him.
02:24:13.000 Brazilian.
02:24:14.000 Yeah.
02:24:14.000 I'm like, bet the house on Anderson.
02:24:16.000 And he actually fought Chris Lieben in his UFC debut.
02:24:20.000 And I told my friend, I'm like, bet everything.
02:24:24.000 This is a, fuck, this one's a shoe win.
02:24:26.000 There's a few fights like that where guys will come over and people don't realize how good they are.
02:24:31.000 And then when you see them for the first time, you're like, okay, this is a champion.
02:24:35.000 So you like gambling in general?
02:24:37.000 Nah, not really.
02:24:39.000 I mean, I used to gamble on pool.
02:24:41.000 I used to play pool for money.
02:24:43.000 But not seriously.
02:24:45.000 I'm not like a gambling addict or anything.
02:24:46.000 We just worked on an episode on gambling, underground, illegal gambling.
02:24:49.000 It is fascinating.
02:24:51.000 Yeah?
02:24:51.000 Fascinating.
02:24:52.000 What's fascinating about it?
02:24:53.000 That there's been an explosion of gambling or illegal gambling during the pandemic.
02:24:58.000 Casinos were closed.
02:25:00.000 It's a huge addiction, as we all know.
02:25:03.000 It's very addictive.
02:25:04.000 A lot of people couldn't go to casinos, so they started either online gambling or going to underground poker games and underground casitas, which are all over the U.S. We visited a few, but they have these machines called the fish game, where they spend hours and hours.
02:25:19.000 This is sort of the cheaper gambling, but they...
02:25:22.000 They put in $10 and $20 and they spend hours and hours.
02:25:25.000 But all of this is illegal and there's drugs.
02:25:26.000 The fish game.
02:25:27.000 The fish game.
02:25:28.000 It's these machines and people gather around them and they basically try to kill the fish.
02:25:33.000 It's very rudimentary.
02:25:34.000 But they try to kill the fish and then the more hits you get, you get money out of it.
02:25:39.000 But the machines in many ways.
02:25:41.000 We interviewed one of the guys that runs one of these casitas.
02:25:43.000 And I got tipped into this because I was working with the LA Sheriff's Department on another story, and they told me, have you done anything on these casitas, these illegal gambling operations?
02:25:51.000 Because a lot of, like, there's cartel involvement in it, there's Asian gangs involved.
02:25:57.000 And so we started looking into it, and eventually, after many months, we got access to one of them.
02:26:02.000 And the guy was saying how whenever people actually start winning from these machines, he goes and disconnects the machine and then connects it again.
02:26:08.000 He basically rigs it in his favor, which is very much how casinos work in general, right?
02:26:14.000 And then the poker games.
02:26:16.000 So we went from sort of the low $20 games to the Beverly Hills poker games.
02:26:24.000 I got access with a friend of mine.
02:26:25.000 Have you heard of a guy called Mickey Mace?
02:26:28.000 No.
02:26:29.000 Or actually his online name is Dirt Goth Boy.
02:26:34.000 Dirt Goth Boy?
02:26:36.000 Do you know who he is?
02:26:37.000 I've seen his videos.
02:26:40.000 Apparently makes a lot of money and he's really good at gambling.
02:26:42.000 What is he gambling on?
02:26:43.000 He's really well known for poker and he's got celebrities and rappers who go up to him and tell him, can you play my money or can you help me play?
02:26:53.000 And yeah, that's him.
02:26:56.000 And so we basically filmed this and we filmed with him and he took us to a few places and it was really fascinating to see the illegal underground poker games through his eyes.
02:27:14.000 It was really fascinating.
02:27:15.000 Illegal underground poker games.
02:27:17.000 Yeah, it's basically people who don't have a license.
02:27:19.000 So whenever there's a person taking a fraction of what is being made that day, and you don't have a casino license, you can have a poker game at your house.
02:27:30.000 But if the person that is running that game is making money, and you don't have a casino license for gambling or a casino license, that is immediately illegal.
02:27:38.000 Okay, so we can have a poker game.
02:27:40.000 Yeah.
02:27:40.000 And we could put in our money and that's legal?
02:27:42.000 But if Jamie was making 10% of our house, that's illegal.
02:27:47.000 Interesting.
02:27:48.000 And we went to games in high-rises in L.A. and in Beverly Hills.
02:27:54.000 How much did you see people play for?
02:27:56.000 Hundreds of thousands of dollars.
02:27:58.000 Ooh.
02:27:58.000 Wow.
02:27:59.000 I'm telling you a lot about what's coming out in the next season.
02:28:02.000 That's okay.
02:28:02.000 This is actually one that we're filming right now, but it was really good stuff.
02:28:05.000 Wow.
02:28:06.000 So this fish game.
02:28:07.000 Yeah.
02:28:08.000 Can you show me a video of this game?
02:28:11.000 Yeah.
02:28:11.000 This is it?
02:28:12.000 Oh, okay.
02:28:12.000 Yeah.
02:28:13.000 Oh, I've seen this.
02:28:14.000 Yeah.
02:28:14.000 I've seen this game, but I didn't know that people gambled on it.
02:28:17.000 They do.
02:28:18.000 They put in money or they have these chips that they buy.
02:28:21.000 The one we visited, we arrived and the guy told us, welcome to Vegas.
02:28:25.000 And then there's a bunch of guys around these tables playing.
02:28:28.000 And we went on a raid with the sheriff's department, the LA Sheriff's Department, where they basically raided a few of these casitas and got a bunch of these casitas.
02:28:36.000 But then on the flip side, a few weeks later, we actually got in with the owner of one of these casitas who showed us how they do it.
02:28:43.000 And he doesn't do it, but a lot of the people that run these games also sell meth for really cheap because meth makes you play for longer.
02:28:50.000 Oh boy.
02:28:51.000 Yeah, so it's a, you know...
02:28:52.000 That was always a problem with pool, with gambling and pool.
02:28:55.000 They were all on amphetamines because they would play until someone quit.
02:28:59.000 And so they would play for 24 hours, 30 hours.
02:29:02.000 And they would just gamble and spend thousands and thousands of dollars.
02:29:06.000 I watched some of those games when I was a kid, when I was hanging out in pool halls.
02:29:10.000 Guys would be on all kinds of drugs and they would play.
02:29:14.000 Yeah, there's a huge incentive there for people to sell meth cheaply.
02:29:18.000 Yeah.
02:29:18.000 Because they're making money out of it.
02:29:20.000 But the illegal gambling, what other things were they gambling on?
02:29:24.000 So dice, we also went to a couple of dice games, which was also really fascinating.
02:29:30.000 And a lot of it is sort of in more immigrant communities, but we filmed it both in L.A. and New York as well.
02:29:36.000 It's just fascinating.
02:29:37.000 There's all these worlds.
02:29:39.000 That's what I love about my job is you find out about these worlds that sometimes are happening just 10 minutes from your house.
02:29:45.000 Thriving games and trades and black markets and you know nothing about them and they're happening every single day dressed in your own backyard and you have no idea.
02:29:56.000 So the privilege of being able to gain access to these worlds.
02:30:00.000 Gambling, I think, was fascinating.
02:30:03.000 It makes sense that it would explode during the pandemic when they shut the casinos down.
02:30:08.000 In general, I would say that all black markets exploded during the pandemic.
02:30:11.000 Guns, drugs, sex trafficking, but gambling, yeah, as well.
02:30:16.000 And one of the things I think that the poker games in particular, what they're giving people is they hire like Michelin level chefs to cook for...
02:30:25.000 The guests, they have girls that stand behind scantily dressed women that massage you and then can go into a private room with you if you want to.
02:30:36.000 In some places, not all, but some of them.
02:30:38.000 And so you're given the VIP treatment that some people are given in Vegas, or at least used to be given in Vegas.
02:30:48.000 And plenty of drugs.
02:30:50.000 Lots of drugs available for everyone.
02:30:52.000 And yeah, you're treated like a king.
02:30:54.000 And you have everything at your disposal and it's, you know, once or twice a week you're hanging out with your friends and you're eating amazing food and you have these beautiful women and you're, you know, spending millions of dollars.
02:31:05.000 Oh, wow.
02:31:06.000 It's fascinating.
02:31:07.000 I would imagine that that makes sense that gambling would explode during the pandemic, but why the other things?
02:31:14.000 Why sex trafficking and guns?
02:31:16.000 Well, guns, I think, partly because everybody thought that the government was going to go after your guns.
02:31:22.000 So whenever there's a Democratic president, gun sales go up.
02:31:26.000 Also the riots.
02:31:28.000 The riots, the fear of pandemic, the moment of crisis, all of that.
02:31:34.000 Drugs, because a lot of people were at home, were bored, and also because of the scams.
02:31:39.000 One of the episodes we did this season actually that I haven't mentioned was about cyber piracy and the online ID theft scams that exist.
02:31:47.000 Data right now is more valuable than gold or oil or guns or drugs or anything.
02:31:52.000 Our data.
02:31:53.000 And it's out there and it's online and it's not very hard to find.
02:31:56.000 So we spend time with a woman, for example, who's a single mother.
02:31:59.000 A woman that we called Becky in Miami.
02:32:02.000 And before she met me, she decided she wanted to find out what she could find about me online.
02:32:07.000 And she told me.
02:32:08.000 And she found out a lot about me that was unsafe, that I'd prefer if she hadn't found.
02:32:12.000 But what she does, she goes online.
02:32:13.000 She goes on this website called Vice City and buys a credit card number that comes with a name and an address.
02:32:23.000 And then she puts that information.
02:32:25.000 There's a little machine.
02:32:26.000 She puts that information into a gift card.
02:32:27.000 And then the information with the credit card number.
02:32:30.000 And then she goes with the credit.
02:32:32.000 Oh, and it's a customer guarantee.
02:32:34.000 So she goes with that gift card that now has imprinted the credit card information.
02:32:39.000 And she uses it.
02:32:40.000 If it doesn't work, she will get her $8 back from the website.
02:32:46.000 Whoa.
02:32:47.000 And we saw her get this gift card, get somebody, you know, John Smith from somewhere, from Colorado, his information on his credit card stolen, information on this gift card, and the next day we saw her trying it out first in one of those snack machines.
02:33:03.000 And just make sure that it works.
02:33:05.000 And it did work.
02:33:06.000 And then the next day we saw her go out and purchase a bunch of things at the store with this card.
02:33:10.000 So super, super easy.
02:33:12.000 And then we escalated from there and spent time with the Crips, with a member of the Crips who used to deal with drugs and now exclusively does ID theft online.
02:33:23.000 But in his case, he was...
02:33:25.000 Using the money that was given out by the government during COVID. And particularly in Illinois, it was really easy to give out a name and an address, and they would send you unemployment funds.
02:33:36.000 So these kids, I kid you not, they made millions and millions of dollars.
02:33:40.000 This one kid made over a million dollars, and he showed me his online bank statements, and I could see it.
02:33:46.000 It wasn't all bravado.
02:33:48.000 It was real.
02:33:48.000 He showed me.
02:33:50.000 And we saw him actually going online and with this fake information and ID, he was able to purchase $25,000 worth of music equipment that he wanted shipped to a place.
02:34:02.000 Wow.
02:34:03.000 And it was crazy.
02:34:04.000 So there was a lot of disposable money, is what I'm saying, during the pandemic that went into purchasing things on the black market as well.
02:34:12.000 What happens to these gambling places now that the casinos are open again?
02:34:17.000 Does their business drop off?
02:34:20.000 One of the things we heard is that people prefer not to—I kept on asking, like, why don't you just go to Vegas, particularly if you're in L.A.? You're very close.
02:34:28.000 And they're saying, why?
02:34:29.000 If I can just go to a place across the street 10 minutes from me, why would I go to Vegas?
02:34:33.000 And it's a place where, again, I get preferential treatment, VIP treatment in some situations.
02:34:38.000 So they just prefer it.
02:34:40.000 And it's also—they don't have to tell anyone.
02:34:43.000 They can make their money, and no one will know how much money they're making because it's underground.
02:34:48.000 The gambling addiction is a wild one.
02:34:50.000 It is.
02:34:51.000 It's really, I didn't know about it until I got into pool halls when I was a kid.
02:34:57.000 And I remember being around these people, and they were, it was no different than someone who needs pills.
02:35:04.000 It was, they needed that fix.
02:35:06.000 It's the number one cause of, apparently, of suicide, is addiction to gambling.
02:35:11.000 Really?
02:35:12.000 Particularly among teens.
02:35:13.000 Among teens?
02:35:15.000 Yeah.
02:35:16.000 Yeah.
02:35:17.000 It's really, really sad.
02:35:18.000 They just get too far in the hole and they think their life is over?
02:35:21.000 Yeah, and also because you can do it now so easily online and there's all sorts of gambling.
02:35:26.000 It's very, very, very sad.
02:35:28.000 And then there's legal gambling online, too.
02:35:31.000 There's legal and illegal, yeah.
02:35:32.000 And that's another thing that we saw was people showing us, yeah, just how easy it is to gamble online.
02:35:39.000 You get these WhatsApp groups that give you a link, and then you get into this thing.
02:35:44.000 It looks so legitimate that it's all illegal.
02:35:47.000 It used to be that online gambling was illegal.
02:35:51.000 They made it illegal to help the casinos, because I think the casinos lobbied to stop online gambling.
02:35:57.000 Because there was an organization that was, I think it's called the International Pool Tour, and their business model was based on they were going to have these big matches between elite pool players and people could gamble online.
02:36:11.000 And right when they were launching, they made online gambling illegal.
02:36:16.000 And it destroyed the organization, they wind up owing a bunch of people money, and then the guy who was the head of this whole thing was Kevin Trudeau.
02:36:25.000 I don't know if you remember who Kevin Trudeau was, but he was a guy who would, he was arrested and went to jail for scams.
02:36:33.000 And the scams were, he would put out books like, weight loss secrets they don't want you to know.
02:36:39.000 And he had infomercials that I guess they decided were deceptive, allegedly.
02:36:46.000 I think he might still be in jail.
02:36:50.000 Is he out now?
02:36:51.000 He got out, but he's in some other issue.
02:36:55.000 He got out a couple months ago.
02:36:57.000 Oh, so he was in jail for quite a long time.
02:36:59.000 I actually, in my house, I used to have one of the pool tables from the International Pool Tour.
02:37:04.000 I bought one of the tables after they sold everything off.
02:37:08.000 But his whole thing was scams.
02:37:11.000 You know, like his whole thing was just like preying on people that wanted to, oh, there's a weight loss cure that they don't want you to know about.
02:37:19.000 37 million dollar fine you got for that.
02:37:21.000 The government refunded many of the purchases of the book, but Trudeau said he was broke and did not explain where the money had gone.
02:37:27.000 The government Said he still needed to refund millions of dollars more.
02:37:31.000 Before halting the case years ago, U.S. District Judge Robert Gettleman said Trudeau would have to explain where the money was.
02:37:37.000 The judge added then, that will be interesting.
02:37:40.000 I'm not sure I'll be sitting here, but I hope to be.
02:37:42.000 That's what he's in.
02:37:44.000 Court, because he's apparently out, and I think he's just gonna flee and go get that money.
02:37:50.000 Right.
02:37:50.000 He stashed millions of dollars overseas, I believe.
02:37:53.000 So it was a scam because what he was selling didn't actually do any of the things he did, or was it a pyramid scam?
02:37:57.000 I think it was a scam in that, like, he was...
02:38:01.000 It's a good question.
02:38:03.000 I think he was being deceptive, and he sold all these books on these fake premises.
02:38:10.000 That there was this illegal, or this, you know, secret way of doing, secret way of, what different books did he have?
02:38:18.000 It was all they don't want you to know.
02:38:20.000 It was they.
02:38:20.000 Natural cures they don't want you to know about.
02:38:22.000 More natural cures revealed.
02:38:24.000 The weight loss cure they don't want you to know about.
02:38:26.000 Debt cures they don't want you to know about.
02:38:28.000 Yeah.
02:38:29.000 That was his whole thing.
02:38:30.000 The day.
02:38:31.000 Whenever there's a they.
02:38:33.000 So he had infomercials, and he also was one of the commentators on these pool matches.
02:38:40.000 And I actually went to a few of them.
02:38:42.000 I actually met him.
02:38:43.000 Nice guy?
02:38:44.000 He seemed nice enough.
02:38:46.000 I mean, I don't know.
02:38:47.000 And where's the pool table that you bought, by the way?
02:38:50.000 Oh, I sold it.
02:38:51.000 I got rid of it.
02:38:52.000 But this was early 2000s, I want to say, that this was happening.
02:38:58.000 So at this time, gambling was illegal.
02:39:01.000 And there was actually a company called Bodog.
02:39:04.000 That was an online gambling site and the guy who is the head of Bowdog was a guy named Calvin Ayers and he was like this famous playboy, super rich guy who put together a Bowdog fight and it was the same sort of premise.
02:39:19.000 They were going to have fights and then people were going to be able to gamble on it with his Bowdog website which became illegal so then he had to flee the country.
02:39:28.000 So I believed at one point in time at least if he came back to America he would have been arrested.
02:39:33.000 But he got in a feud with the UFC because, like, his organization was spending similar to, like, you know what I was talking about.
02:39:42.000 It's, like, very difficult to create a new online league.
02:39:46.000 But he spent a lot of money.
02:39:48.000 Got really big-name fighters like Fedor Emelianenko and, you know...
02:39:53.000 Like these big guys and got them to fight and one of the events he put and his thing would be like all scantily clad women and you know and one of them they did I think they did it in Costa Rica They did it on the beach.
02:40:07.000 So they had see if you find bow dog fight on the beach So they put together these MMA fights Like in these exotic locations where they had these elite fighters fight and they fought like on the beach in the sun.
02:40:20.000 And they had the ring set up and people were around it.
02:40:25.000 But again, his thing, I believe, was gambling.
02:40:29.000 Now I think he's involved in some other stuff like cryptocurrencies and stuff, but he's overseas.
02:40:34.000 Perfect follow-up.
02:40:35.000 Yeah.
02:40:36.000 So that was it.
02:40:36.000 So this is the event.
02:40:39.000 So that was bow dog fights.
02:40:41.000 And so, you know, they had these rings set up in these beautiful, exotic locations.
02:40:49.000 And they had elite fighters, too.
02:40:52.000 They brought in like Chael Sonnen fought for them.
02:40:56.000 Again, Fedor, Matt Lindland, a lot of like elite, elite fighters, top of the food chain fighters, went over there with the promise of that big cash.
02:41:04.000 But you were saying how it was not legal nowadays, online gambling and sports gambling too.
02:41:08.000 I think a lot of it opened up during the pandemic.
02:41:10.000 I think they opened up a lot of online gambling.
02:41:14.000 It was an issue with us.
02:41:18.000 There was a time where we were advertising for one of these online gambling sites and then I had to do a gig in New Jersey.
02:41:27.000 And in New Jersey, they had a real problem with the fact that I had advertised for these online gambling things.
02:41:34.000 They wanted to make sure I wasn't still involved with them anymore.
02:41:36.000 I couldn't work at a casino.
02:41:38.000 I was like, what?
02:41:39.000 Yeah.
02:41:40.000 Of all the things they could be said about, that was it?
02:41:42.000 Well, you know, they were just upset that this was cutting into their business in some way.
02:41:47.000 I mean, I don't even, you know...
02:41:50.000 Because the gig was at a casino?
02:41:51.000 Yes.
02:41:51.000 Oh, got it.
02:41:52.000 Yeah.
02:41:52.000 It's just the gambling world is a fucking shady world.
02:41:57.000 I mean, Vegas.
02:41:58.000 So this guy actually says, if you listen to him, Dirt Goth Boy, Mickey Mays.
02:42:04.000 What a great name.
02:42:05.000 He says that because he's made so much money at the legal casinos, he's been kicked out.
02:42:08.000 So he's not allowed to actually go to the majority of the casinos in Vegas.
02:42:11.000 Well, that is a true thing, because Dana White, who is the president of the UFC, who's very wealthy, he likes to gamble.
02:42:19.000 And he made so much money gambling at the Palms that they banned him from the Palms.
02:42:25.000 So he pulled the UFC out of the Palms.
02:42:28.000 He's like, well, fuck you then.
02:42:29.000 And then the UFC wasn't going to have events there.
02:42:32.000 It was like a big deal because, you know, he had won like seven million dollars playing blackjack.
02:42:38.000 Wow.
02:42:39.000 Yeah, he's a really good player.
02:42:40.000 Yeah, he goes hard.
02:42:41.000 Wow.
02:42:42.000 But he's lost a million dollars in a night, too, before.
02:42:45.000 Just, I guess when you're that rich, like, and you're a gambler, you need big thrills.
02:42:51.000 It's what you need to make money is money.
02:42:52.000 Well, you also need, it needs to be a big number for you to get excited.
02:42:57.000 Like, I could play pool for 20 bucks, and it'd be fun.
02:43:00.000 But these guys are like, they're deep into it.
02:43:05.000 They want that crazy rush of, hit me!
02:43:09.000 You know, like, yes!
02:43:10.000 Yes!
02:43:11.000 And they run around, I want a million dollars!
02:43:14.000 Really, it's a part that I don't get at all.
02:43:16.000 I remember the first time I ever went to Vegas.
02:43:18.000 We were traveling cross-country.
02:43:19.000 I moved to the U.S. for the first time.
02:43:22.000 All our shit got stolen in Denver.
02:43:24.000 It was horrible.
02:43:25.000 We were so sad, my husband and I. We went to Vegas.
02:43:27.000 I put $5 into a machine and I won $15.
02:43:30.000 I was like, this is it.
02:43:32.000 And I got like two, three martinis as you were playing.
02:43:35.000 I was like, I'm done.
02:43:36.000 That's it.
02:43:37.000 Well, that's healthy.
02:43:38.000 But you're smelling, you're sniffing it.
02:43:42.000 It's a thing where these people that just are in the casinos every day and the people that live in Vegas and are constantly gambling.
02:43:51.000 But again, I feel like it should be legal and I definitely think that someone should be able to go to a casino and bet money and have a good time and lose money or win money and it should be fine.
02:44:03.000 For some people, the allure of it is no different than a place that sells heroin.
02:44:09.000 Yeah, and actually, not making it, yeah.
02:44:12.000 I mean, there's always the thing that we all know, which is by illegalizing it, you're actually creating a black market because it's not going to disappear.
02:44:18.000 It's going to still be there, but it's going to be there with no rules and regulations.
02:44:21.000 Right, and then you don't get Cirque du Soleil, you don't get a buffet.
02:44:25.000 Exactly.
02:44:26.000 The casinos do a great job of incentivizing people to go.
02:44:30.000 Yeah, I mean, it's like, casinos are great.
02:44:32.000 You go there, these beautiful places, it's a business.
02:44:35.000 They know how to do it, you know, and They've been doing it for a long, long time.
02:44:39.000 No windows, so you never know what time of the day it is.
02:44:42.000 Yeah.
02:44:42.000 But casinos, that's the weird thing, is that if you win legally and ethically, you still can get banned.
02:44:49.000 That should not be allowed.
02:44:50.000 That's kind of fucked.
02:44:52.000 Totally fucked.
02:44:52.000 They want it rigged.
02:44:53.000 Yeah, of course.
02:44:54.000 They want to make money.
02:44:56.000 And so they reserve the right to kick you out if you're good, which is...
02:45:00.000 Bananas.
02:45:01.000 Bananas.
02:45:02.000 The moment you start actually making McBunny, you're not allowed to go there anymore.
02:45:05.000 It's insane.
02:45:06.000 But, I mean, I guess that's the price you pay for having it legal.
02:45:09.000 I mean, I don't know how the laws are structured.
02:45:11.000 I'm not aware of it.
02:45:14.000 But I'm aware that people fucking love it.
02:45:18.000 They love gambling.
02:45:19.000 It's just such a rush to them.
02:45:21.000 And, you know, we show odds with most fights.
02:45:25.000 We show the betting odds with most fights.
02:45:28.000 And there's actually...
02:45:30.000 Online betting organizations that will allow you to bet in the middle of a fight.
02:45:34.000 You can decide where the fight is going, and you can bet.
02:45:38.000 So wait, so betting is still allowed in the UFC, but just not as part of the UFC? Not people that work for the UFC, but fans.
02:45:45.000 Fans, of course, fans.
02:45:46.000 If you're going to have online gambling, of course fans are going to be allowed to gamble in a fight.
02:45:50.000 And it does incentivize people to watch.
02:45:53.000 For sure.
02:45:54.000 Which is why they show the odds, I'm assuming.
02:45:56.000 Yeah.
02:45:57.000 And then also the gambling organizations, they advertise on the UFC and they sponsor the UFC, which again, I'm a fan of.
02:46:05.000 I think you should be allowed to do that.
02:46:07.000 But I can do it.
02:46:09.000 I am healthy in that regard.
02:46:10.000 I don't have a gambling addiction, but I do know people that do have a gambling addiction and it's a real thing.
02:46:16.000 Yeah.
02:46:16.000 I think, again, it goes back to the alcohol idea, right?
02:46:18.000 Yes.
02:46:19.000 Yes.
02:46:19.000 I mean, I think it should be legal.
02:46:21.000 Yeah.
02:46:21.000 What else did you cover this season or anything that's particularly bizarre or disturbing?
02:46:27.000 Yeah, we did one on organs.
02:46:29.000 The first episode of the season was organ trafficking.
02:46:32.000 Oh my god.
02:46:33.000 That one scares the shit out of me.
02:46:34.000 It was the first episode.
02:46:37.000 It was, yeah, I think it all starts, we all think it's a rumor, and it can't really exist, and it's a Hollywood depiction of stuff going on.
02:46:44.000 Oh, I don't think it's a rumor.
02:46:45.000 But you can't, that doesn't really exist.
02:46:47.000 But even I, when I started looking into this story, I was like, is this really a thing?
02:46:51.000 And then we found out it really is a thing.
02:46:52.000 So we traveled to Colombia and Mexico.
02:46:55.000 And here in the U.S., and we spent time filming people involved in the trade.
02:46:59.000 And I think one of the most disturbing interviews I ever did was with a guy in Colombia called The Wrecker.
02:47:04.000 His name is El Desuesador, which means the wrecker or the deboner.
02:47:10.000 He takes the bones.
02:47:11.000 Yeah, it's a horrible name, Desuesador.
02:47:13.000 And he works for the Klan, and we got to him.
02:47:19.000 When you watch the cocaine episode, we interviewed a commander in Colombia who was part of the cocaine trade.
02:47:24.000 And it was basically through him and some other contacts that we got an interview with this guy.
02:47:30.000 And it was horrible because he's telling us how he does what he does.
02:47:35.000 And so much of it was so horrific that I had a hard time actually believing what he was saying.
02:47:40.000 What was he saying?
02:47:41.000 How he cuts people alive, how he takes the organs.
02:47:46.000 So I was asking him questions like, how exactly do you take them?
02:47:48.000 If you're talking about a liver, how exactly do you take a liver from somebody?
02:47:52.000 I wanted him to explain, but do you have any medical training?
02:47:55.000 And again, one of the difficult things with the show that we do is corroborating what people are telling us.
02:48:01.000 So with him, I kept on asking him.
02:48:03.000 You know, because it takes so long to even get this one person to talk to us.
02:48:06.000 So how do we corroborate what he's saying?
02:48:09.000 So I kept on asking him, like, exactly how do you operate on them and how do you...
02:48:12.000 And all of this is very...
02:48:13.000 I'm very transparent about all of this.
02:48:15.000 And in the show, I talk about not being absolutely 100% sure that what he's telling me is true or not.
02:48:20.000 But he then showed me a video of...
02:48:29.000 We're good to go.
02:48:52.000 But it was horrible because, again, with trying to always empathize and understand why people do what they do, this one was impossible.
02:49:00.000 There was no part of me that I understood what he did.
02:49:03.000 And that's why it was so much disbelief.
02:49:05.000 But then we find out that this trade is very much alive.
02:49:10.000 We eventually landed an interview with a doctor in Mexico who told us how he's part of the whole ordeal.
02:49:15.000 And he is actually, in his case, we were able to corroborate a lot more.
02:49:18.000 And he was a doctor with medical expertise.
02:49:20.000 And then with a patient who had gotten one of these organs on the black market.
02:49:28.000 And he looked me in the eye and he said...
02:49:33.000 I know you're judging me, but what would you do if it was you or your loved one and you know that they would be dying?
02:49:40.000 Essentially in the U.S. there's 17 people every day that die waiting for an organ.
02:49:44.000 17 people every single day that wait, wait, wait, wait for years.
02:49:48.000 Their organ never happens, never comes, and then they die.
02:49:51.000 So that's why a black market exists because there are desperate people out there who desperately need an organ and know that they're going to die if they don't have one.
02:49:58.000 Yeah.
02:49:58.000 And so that's what he was saying.
02:49:59.000 Like, what would you do in this situation?
02:50:01.000 I was like, yeah, 100%.
02:50:02.000 It's a very good question.
02:50:03.000 I have no idea what I would do.
02:50:05.000 Would I buy an organ for my kid if he needed a kidney and he was about to die?
02:50:08.000 Would I buy it on the black market?
02:50:10.000 I think that's the questions that I think are important that I ask and that the show asks of people.
02:50:17.000 Where are they getting these people?
02:50:19.000 So the wrecker, El Bezuesador, said a lot of the people that he, the victims, were actually migrants.
02:50:24.000 So we spent time in, right on the south of the Darien Gap.
02:50:28.000 Do you know what the Darien Gap is?
02:50:29.000 No.
02:50:29.000 It's the most dangerous, lawless part of the world, one of...
02:50:34.000 It's the only part, there's basically a road that connects all the way South America up to Canada.
02:50:41.000 And there's one patch where the engineers will never be able to construct a road, which is this Darien Gap.
02:50:47.000 It's a massive jungle with horrible conditions, very wet, and right now full of cartel members that are preying upon the migrants that are crossing, that spend days, sometimes even weeks trying to cross for, you know, it's up hills and muddy and people die of dehydration.
02:51:05.000 They're killed by the cartel.
02:51:06.000 Women are raped.
02:51:07.000 It's a horrific, horrific journey.
02:51:09.000 So we spent time filming right on the South as they were about, all these hundreds of migrants were about to make their way into the Darien Gap to try to make it to the United States.
02:51:18.000 And that's where he sat.
02:51:20.000 And it was really horrible stories, as you can imagine, right?
02:51:22.000 People traveling with their babies, with their kids, and they're about to go through the most horrific experience of their life and dangerous.
02:51:30.000 And, you know, families get separated, kids lose their parents.
02:51:34.000 It's a horrible, horrible situation.
02:51:36.000 And so this, with Sadora the Wrecker, was telling us how that's, because if they go missing, nobody reports them.
02:51:42.000 It's like the easy prey, right?
02:51:44.000 And then we were able to interview a policeman who actually corroborated.
02:51:48.000 What we were saying, he didn't want to be on camera because it was too scary for him because he was afraid the cartel was going to go after him.
02:51:54.000 But he told us essentially with a mask, he told us, yeah, I know that this trade is happening right here and that the migrants are the victims.
02:52:03.000 It's really awful.
02:52:05.000 It's horrible, horrible, horrible.
02:52:06.000 So they find these people, they find their blood type, and then they alert?
02:52:23.000 Colombia or Panama or other countries around there, Mexico, and some of them, particularly the stuff that is being harvested in Mexico, either American patients go down there and get their operations done there.
02:52:35.000 Usually that's how it happens.
02:52:36.000 It's not like the organ travels to the United States.
02:52:38.000 The patients go to these places to get there.
02:52:41.000 And one of the guys we filmed with was this amazing guy called Garrett Rowe who has a kidney disease and for five years has been waiting for an organ.
02:52:51.000 He's young, 30-something-year-old, married, amazing guy, and has to spend half of his day linked up to a dialysis machine and can't work, can't sleep well.
02:53:03.000 It's a horrible way to live.
02:53:04.000 And he knows that the maximum, the usual average life is seven years.
02:53:08.000 So you don't live much past seven years with this condition.
02:53:11.000 And so he had like two more years to go if he didn't get a kidney.
02:53:16.000 So we filmed with him before.
02:53:17.000 And then the good news of the story is that he just got a kidney.
02:53:21.000 Through a triangle where his wife wasn't able to donate to him, because they're not the same type, but she was able to donate to somebody else who eventually donated to him.
02:53:30.000 It was like a charity, I can't remember what it's called, but a charity donor triangle or something like that, donor circle.
02:53:38.000 And he was able to get a kidney, but he was one of the people we asked, like, would you consider the black market?
02:53:43.000 And he says, if a few more years pass by, if I'm at the edge and I know I'm about to die, 100%.
02:53:50.000 But of course, there are people willing to donate or to sell their organs.
02:53:55.000 They don't have to be killed.
02:53:56.000 There are actually people willing to sell their organs.
02:53:58.000 You go online and you can find people all over the world saying, I need money.
02:54:02.000 I have a healthy kidney.
02:54:04.000 I'm willing to sell it.
02:54:05.000 Oh, boy.
02:54:07.000 Yeah.
02:54:07.000 Whoa.
02:54:08.000 I know.
02:54:08.000 That's dark.
02:54:09.000 Sorry, I didn't mean to bring it down.
02:54:11.000 No, no.
02:54:12.000 You brought it down the whole day.
02:54:15.000 That's the nature of your business.
02:54:17.000 This is when the listeners are cutting their wrists.
02:54:19.000 Are there any happy stories?
02:54:21.000 No.
02:54:21.000 Other than the surrogates?
02:54:23.000 Well, the babies, yeah.
02:54:24.000 The surrogates is the happy story.
02:54:26.000 But I think that ultimately, I want people to tune in.
02:54:30.000 At the end of the day, anyone who watches Traffic doesn't come out of Traffic saying, oh my god, that was most horrific, depressing, because people keep on watching.
02:54:36.000 We have a lot of fans.
02:54:38.000 Because there's also always, or a lot of times, there is, I'm trying to find the humanity.
02:54:43.000 Of course, in the record, it's impossible to find their humanity.
02:54:45.000 But again, at the end of the day, I think the message is that in all, the majority of the people that I meet, there is a humanity that can be found.
02:54:52.000 And there's a common ground.
02:54:54.000 And I think that is so much that is what's missing from public discourse when it comes to everything.
02:54:58.000 We live in the most divisive era ever in history.
02:55:02.000 It's a horrible time where you can't talk about anything.
02:55:05.000 Everything is politicized.
02:55:06.000 There is so much judgment constantly.
02:55:08.000 There is no incentive or no one is trying to understand.
02:55:13.000 Everybody is always trying to judge.
02:55:15.000 And the show is completely the opposite.
02:55:17.000 We are trying to understand even the people that are the most stereotyped.
02:55:22.000 People in our society, the criminals, the outlaws.
02:55:24.000 We're at least trying to understand because without understanding them, understanding is not condoning, but without understanding them, we will never understand their motivations.
02:55:32.000 And without knowing their motivations, we'll never prevent these black markets from existing.
02:55:36.000 I think what you're providing is a window into a world that most people don't experience.
02:55:43.000 And by looking at it from that perspective, you do get a chance to recognize that if you were in that situation, what would you do?
02:55:53.000 You would probably be involved.
02:55:55.000 If you were one of those kids that's involved in that cocaine trafficking thing that you studied, what did people do?
02:56:00.000 What would you do if that was you, if you were in that situation with no other ways to get out?
02:56:07.000 Right.
02:56:07.000 That's what I love about the show.
02:56:09.000 It's such a great conversation starter for all of us.
02:56:12.000 What have been the opportunities we've been given and what are we doing with the opportunities we've been given?
02:56:18.000 And what would we do if we didn't have those opportunities and we were born in their situations?
02:56:23.000 Yeah.
02:56:24.000 Well, I appreciate you very much, and I appreciate your work.
02:56:27.000 You have a very, very hard job.
02:56:30.000 I mean, it's one of the most difficult and dangerous jobs in investigative journalism.
02:56:36.000 I really think that.
02:56:37.000 Thank you, Joe.
02:56:38.000 Thank you for being here.
02:56:39.000 Thank you very much.
02:56:40.000 Thank you so much for having me.
02:56:41.000 I always love talking to you.
02:56:41.000 I always love talking to you, too.
02:56:43.000 Bye, everybody.