00:02:09.180And here's the reason that Patrick's so unique, and you can go to his – we'll put his website up and check his books.
00:02:14.020But he's got essentially first-person accounts of two of the most fascinating groups of really special forces in the Revolution.
00:02:22.520And in these books in the Revolution, you get the whole kind of sweep of the Revolution all the way to a book in Fallujah,
00:02:33.980which up until Bakhmut, the biggest battle of the 21st century was the Battle of Fallujah.
00:02:38.880And you see it with a Marine rifle squad you're in in a first-person account,
00:02:42.760and he's actually, as a combat historian, not a journalist, not a war correspondent,
00:02:46.800but a combat historian is assigned to the rifle squad, and he's going house – he's going room by room, house by house in Fallujah itself,
00:04:27.000I was – you know, I had even more books.
00:04:30.600When I went to American – the first place we went to was the Aberdeen Proving Ground.
00:04:35.100I told my parents on our way down to D.C. we got to go because it – at the time it had the largest collection of German armor in the world.
00:06:07.160We have to understand we anchor ourselves in these traditions.
00:06:09.800This goes back to ancient Athens with Pericles' – you know, the funeral oration to the dead of Athens during the Peloponnesian War.
00:06:20.520But it goes like an unbroken chain throughout the West.
00:06:24.160And that's one of the things that you show particularly in the book that we'll go through in the – what we'll go through on Monday on Memorial Day.
00:06:29.540We talk about the unknown soldier and the tomb of the unknown and how that had antecedents and – or precedents in – in France and other places.
00:06:39.140But – so even in college you were obsessed.
00:06:42.340Did you know then this was going to be your life's work?
00:07:54.200To be able to talk to a guy that fought his way off of Omaha Beach, that laid the Bangalore torpedo that blew up the wire, that allowed them to escape from the beachhead, that changed the course of history.
00:08:07.660Only two types of people on this beach, the dead and those are going to die.
00:08:17.680I mean I interviewed the guy that heard that.
00:08:20.780I mean I know these – I knew these guys.
00:08:22.980Still at this – 101 years old John Rahn, still a good friend of mine who's the oldest surviving ranger officer and probably the oldest surviving officer from dog – white and dog green beach living to this day.
00:10:30.780Was that part of – do you think that that was part of the response that the – it had been so intense and it wasn't a generation that could talk things out?
00:10:43.340Everybody has their own way of dealing with combat.
00:10:47.400And, you know, some people dealt with it in one way and another – and others in another.
00:10:52.180And that was – but I would say by and large, many of these men would – were moved on and just got back into life in one way or another.
00:11:05.560And then it would be – many cases, my interview would trigger a lot of the memories.
00:12:30.860And if you were there, you were special.
00:12:34.340They were often told that they could beat five guys, you know, and obviously a myth.
00:12:38.720But they believed in themselves that they could do extraordinary things.
00:12:43.480And it – the legacy of these units, the American Airborne, for instance, in World War II, 101st Airborne, 82nd, these are exceptional units that have an incredible legacy of many presidential unit citations where they changed the course of battles.
00:13:02.020Their actions alone, the story, stuff, story, and legend, it's incredible.
00:13:10.840But it all comes down to – in all your books, the small units where you say you tell the bigger story, the small unit cohesion, small units, it's all individuals.
00:13:19.380It's individuals in the defining moment actually make – use their agency, make a decision, take action, and that action drives not just the story but drives the event to a different place.
00:17:08.440But does even that expose the frosting intensity of combat?
00:17:14.100That's one of the things I want to get across the audience.
00:17:15.880These men and women in your books, the men and women that we honor this weekend and on Monday,
00:17:24.460the level of violence is so incredible that it's hard to comprehend in these conflicts.
00:17:31.240And you go to these cemeteries and you see the beautiful, peaceful nature.
00:17:34.180The thing that's most juxtaposed is Normandy because you go at this magnificent cemetery,
00:17:49.260the American cemetery, and they brought essentially all the war dead there were buried.
00:17:54.520And it's so calm, it's so beautiful, and it's simplicity, and the monuments are so powerful.
00:18:00.460Almost like you're back in ancient Rome or Greece.
00:18:03.640And, of course, the crosses or the Stars of David.
00:18:07.600But you're right looking on a beach that, and you have people there in the summer,
00:18:12.220and there's kids running around, and it's just, it's a beach, and they're playing.
00:18:15.580And you think about it and you go, my God, there was a time that this was literally hell on earth,
00:18:21.980that you couldn't have gotten more intense than a D-Day coming ashore in those first couple hours.
00:18:28.360And those men and women or those guys knew that they were going to be killed.
00:18:32.180There's just no, the probability of surviving that would have been so low.
00:18:36.520Is anything preparing, or do you think Americans even today understand the intensity of the actual combat that people go through?
00:18:44.220Well, for the World War II generation, I think that there was some preparation in the sense that they were very hardened by the Great Depression.
00:18:53.120And that was, that made people very tough, because they had nothing.
00:19:55.200We would have to do that from a standing start for World War II.
00:19:58.060Remember, the first campaign in North, North Africa at Kazarin, we had sent troops over and they went over, I think, in the, Pearl Harbor was December of 41.
00:20:09.980The North African campaign, I believe, Torch, started in September of 42.
00:20:28.380And one of the criticisms was that you didn't have enough junior officers that knew what they were doing, but you particularly didn't have field officers that had a clue of how to manage men.
00:20:37.580And it was just a, it was just a slaughterhouse.
00:20:39.880So from that, they, they, we got better at training people.
00:20:43.920My, my book, Beyond Valor begins with 50 American Rangers at the D upgrade.
00:20:48.860And that was a, um, that was in August, uh, 42.
00:20:55.840And that was a, a real training point for, for many of these men because they were mixed in with British commandos.
00:21:30.640To open a second front, you had to, you had to take on the Atlantic wall.
00:21:34.280And what the British couldn't do politically, you couldn't take any more slaughter of first, you couldn't have another day, the first day of the Somme.
00:21:41.380You couldn't have another, the British politically church on these guys have been, so they were always hesitant to do it.
00:22:27.340The guys, the 50 Rangers that were in that raid on D-Up were part of Darby's Rangers, and they were part of the first ranger battalion that went in in Oran.
00:24:06.280There were six Ranger battalions in World War II.
00:24:10.160And then there was also Merrill's Marauders, and then something after that called Task Force Mars.
00:24:16.840And I interviewed veterans from every one of those units.
00:24:20.760You've interviewed all six, but every six, every, every, every, from every six, six, every, all six of the battalions, plus Merrill's Marauders, Task Force Mars.
00:24:30.680And I would just go to these reunions, and I'd spend four, three days just sitting there with a microphone and interviewing these guys.
00:24:41.380And that was just some of the most extraordinary experiences of my life.
00:24:44.960And those reunions are essentially gone.
00:30:32.260There's danger of that pretty much all around us in different flanks and different ways.
00:30:38.160Either it be renaming military bases or just the interpretation of our founding, which is fundamentally, in some cases, it's anti-American.
00:30:53.500I'm all about, you know, looking at things from different angles, and that's certainly important in all cases.
00:31:00.200But I think there's a lot of, there's a great issue of, our history is in danger of being lost in many cases.
00:31:08.960All my work has really been about, it's always been like the story is the story.
00:31:14.520It's always been to try to preserve those stories and those legacies.
00:31:18.420And I don't, and I think the other danger that we have is there's a lot of people that put a bias, their personal bias on history.
00:31:29.480I try to just, in most cases, all cases actually, is just let the story tell itself and let the.
00:31:36.180Let the actors, let the actors in the play.
00:31:49.200Are they in literature or in literary, you know, theory, are they reliable narrators?
00:31:57.520Well, I think they have their own bias as well, of course.
00:32:00.880And you have to sort of, you have to suss that out.
00:32:04.200You have to look at all of the, the components and pieces as a historian when you're putting together a book from different sources to, to tell something.
00:32:14.240There's, there's always a bias from a certain perspective.
00:32:17.160When you talked about, you just said about changing the names of the base of the fort, Fort Hood and Fort Bragg come to, to mind immediately.
00:32:25.500And, and Fort Bragg, obviously, the honored 82nd Airborne.
00:32:29.820And then you've got Fort Hood out, out west, right?
00:32:37.400Yeah, there's this, this changing of names.
00:32:40.300I mean, that, that, that was a, an important phase in our history was a reconciliation.
00:32:45.640The coming together of the north and south begins at Appomattox.
00:32:50.600It's, it's there that, that Lee and Grant set this amazing example of, in many ways, forgiveness.
00:32:59.100And the bases, in many ways, were a part of that reconciliation to, to give a tip of the hat to, to the vanquished, in this case.
00:33:10.760Um, so I, I think that's, that's, it certainly is a, a, a real, a great danger in many cases, constantly renaming things in, in, in, in looking upon our history in a different manner.
00:33:24.600Do you think today that the, the combat history is, is harder for younger generations to connect to?
00:33:30.960Or is, is there still a section of men and women?
00:33:34.940I know, for instance, Mo, I dragged her every, uh, Civil War battlefield.
00:33:39.900Uh, and, and she liked it, but I mean, I think she could have opted, opted out of a few of them, went to Chancellorsville a couple of times, you know, Virginia.
00:33:48.000The, the wilderness in Spotsylvania where it's 104 degrees in Virginia summer, she might have thought of some other things to do.
00:33:54.120But, um, obviously it resonated with her.
00:33:56.860It's one of the reasons she went to West Point and then went to the, to the 101st afterwards.
00:34:01.300Um, do you think it's tougher to reach a younger generation that's on social media and TikTok?
00:34:31.620Um, you know, I mean, it depends on, on who you're dealing with because there are, there is a certain segment of the population that does connect.
00:34:46.340I think through story and connecting people with the past.
00:34:49.920And if you, if you have an assignment in a class where you're, you ask somebody to, to investigate, you know, a pension file of a Revolutionary War soldier, then that, that person might make a connection to just an average individual.
00:35:07.260That it's a lot different than memorizing a date and a place.
00:35:11.560It's, you know, you really get sort of a personal connection with history.
00:35:16.060Like, is the hardest war for us still to comprehend or to see about the valor?
00:35:24.080Is Vietnam the hardest that you, of all the ones you've done, what, what's the hardest to actually not bring to life, but to, um, um, tell the stories of?
00:37:37.940Yeah, I think it's, I think it's a, it's a situation that's all, it's all based on, um, the individual and how they, they process the events.
00:37:46.500But I think the other thing is you've had, you know, economic downturns and, you know, people have looked back, um, at different things.
00:37:56.140We never talk about those suicides as part of the honored dead.
00:37:58.980We don't talk about them as the casualties of these wars.
00:38:05.860Is everybody's, you know, they've been touched by war.
00:38:09.160This is true sacrifice that, I mean, there's, there's, there's so much, a tremendous amount of sacrifice goes on for those that have served.
00:38:18.560And those that, also the families of those that have served, everyone.
00:38:23.160When you go to Section 60, and Section 60 is the section they open up for the Iraq and the Afghanistan war dead.
00:38:33.060I mean, Andrew Breitbart, the reason, one of the things of Andrew Breitbart's change is he bought a house that overlooked the National Military Cemetery that's right there in Westwood.
00:38:41.300It's right in the middle of Los Angeles.
00:38:42.540Because, in fact, the U.S. Open that will be played is just right down, is really right down within a quarter of a mile of the cemetery.
00:38:52.140And overlooking it, one of the things that got Andrew, who didn't come from a military background, a family had not been in the military, really had no involvement,
00:38:59.220was to see the young families come back for the section they opened up for the, for the burial of the honored dead in Afghanistan and Iraq,
00:39:08.300were right there in back of where his, his, his backyard on the cliff would look down over and see these young families.
00:39:14.520And it started to have an impact on him.
00:39:16.820The sacrifice of the war was more than just the warrior itself.
00:47:59.840But what I say, what it wasn't was just a situation where the North had an overwhelming number of men and supplies and equipment and overwhelmed the South.
00:49:36.260Patrick will be here on Monday as we do our, I don't know, ninth or tenth annual session with Patrick on a, on a, on the War Room Memorial Day special.
00:49:46.540And we'll really be spending time about Arlington National Cemetery, the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, all of it.
00:49:53.160So I want to thank you in advance for that.