Based Camp - Introducing the Collins Institute： Revolutionizing Education as We Know It

00:00:00.000 Hello, everyone. I am so excited to be here with you with Simone today.

00:00:04.160 This is going to be an explanational video, first on how to use the Kalanith Institute,

00:00:10.320 our hopefully sort of competitor to existing educational models, and then the theory behind

00:00:17.320 how we built it and why we made the design decisions we did, because what is coming to

00:00:22.460 the public is evolved a lot as a model from what we originally thought we were going to make.

00:00:28.640 So the first thing before we go into the school system itself, if you're like, okay, what

00:00:35.320 is this? Is this a replacement for public school? Is this a teaching aid for people who are already

00:00:41.640 in the school system? Is this just for kids? Or is it also for adult learners? The answer

00:00:46.680 is, in terms of how you contextualize it, the role it's filling in your head, is sort of

00:00:52.140 all of those. Think of it like Wikipedia, but transformed into more of a directed learning

00:01:00.920 engine. So a question with something like Wikipedia, is Wikipedia something that helps people who are

00:01:06.860 already in school? Yes, of course. Is Wikipedia something that would help a homeschooler? Of

00:01:11.300 course. Could a person realistically educate themselves to quite a high level using Wikipedia?

00:01:16.060 Yeah, they could. It's just not really designed to be used that way. So you can think of this as us

00:01:23.540 redesigning a Wikipedia-like system or collation of all human knowledge so that it can be used in

00:01:29.880 a directed way. And we have tried to include everything in this, you know, from how to lay

00:01:34.780 drywall, to aquaculture pharmacology, to tax policy as it relates to investments, to what you would study

00:01:43.000 in a subject from when you can read in that subject to midway through a PhD in that subject.

00:01:48.120 I'm just incredibly excited about this tool. And both Malcolm and I wish that we had access to this

00:01:52.700 when we were kids. Oh, yeah. Yeah. No, as somebody with an MBA from Stanford and an undergraduate degree

00:01:59.200 from St. Andrews, which are two really good schools, I would have been so much better educated had I been

00:02:06.360 using this platform than the educational system I actually went through. Yeah, to a great extent,

00:02:11.180 it combines a textbook with Wikipedia in the sense that when I used to study, I would go through a

00:02:17.340 textbook's quizzes before I would go through a chapter because I found that I was a little bit

00:02:21.160 more attentive in my learning when I was wondering if I got questions right or if I got a question

00:02:25.840 wrong. And that is something you can do with this tool. Our goal with the Collins Institute was to

00:02:30.100 divide all human knowledge into a skill tree like you might see in a video game. You progress through

00:02:36.080 this skill tree unlocking nodes, which gives you the ability to tackle more advanced nodes. Here you can

00:02:41.920 see the classic vertical style skill tree like you might see in a video game. However, if you prefer

00:02:47.840 other form factors, we also have a radial view where the skills all radiate out from a central node

00:02:53.680 and a collapsible view where you can collapse all of a single skill tree path using this double arrows

00:03:02.160 or specific pathways using this single arrow here. Today, we will be focused on the vertical view

00:03:09.040 because, well, frankly, I find it to be the easiest to use. To navigate this tree, you can click and hold

00:03:14.720 to drag up or down. You can scroll in and out using your middle mouse button. And if you are on a tablet,

00:03:21.360 you can use this at the bottom right of the screen to control how far zoomed in and out you are. And

00:03:28.000 on the far left bottom of the screen, you can use this thumb joystick. When you see a skill you want to

00:03:34.320 attempt to master, you can click the skill and then click see more to go into the skill. Within the skill,

00:03:41.120 you will see a description of what you need to know to pass the skill. And below it, you will see a list of

00:03:46.400 the best sources online for studying this subject. If you click add a source right here, you can add

00:03:52.000 your own. You can upvote and downvote sources here. If you notice that any of these sources have issues

00:03:58.000 with them and should be reviewed, you can click right here and flag the source for our admin team.

00:04:03.280 You can also offer yourself as a tutor in this particular subject if it is something you like

00:04:07.760 talking to others about. When you are ready to take the assessment, you can click the take the

00:04:12.880 assessment button up here at the upper right. It will give you eight questions that is not meant

00:04:17.680 as an absolute test of your skill, but more to keep you honest with yourself about whether or not

00:04:21.840 you actually took the time to study this particular skill. Right here, there is a question bank button.

00:04:28.240 This can be used if you wanted to edit the question bank for this skill. And up here, there is an edit

00:04:34.400 button which can be used if you want to edit the mastery requirements for the skill. Note if you are a

00:04:39.760 student, your edits will be put in a queue and then an admin will review them and approve them if they

00:04:46.880 are good. However, if you would like to become an admin, you can always just reach out to us and join

00:04:52.480 our team that is helping to improve this tree. If you want to, you have the ability to review skills

00:04:57.760 that you haven't unlocked yet. However, when you open one of these skills, instead of seeing an option to

00:05:05.280 take the test, you will see an option to go to the nearest unlockable skill. Just click this and it

00:05:10.880 will take you to the nearest unlockable skill within this test tree. Here you can take the assessment and

00:05:16.960 eventually unlock the skill that you were looking at. You will notice a few different types of skill

00:05:21.280 pathways. Some are simple like the ones we just looked at, but occasionally you will get to skills

00:05:26.960 that are called cluster nodes. Cluster nodes are when a skill involves a number of sub-skills to pass.

00:05:34.880 Here are some good examples here of the Roman Republic. So when you get to a cluster node,

00:05:39.760 you will notice this dot dot dot line that leads to the central cluster node and then the outer cluster

00:05:45.280 nodes. To pass a cluster node, you actually need to pass the outer cluster nodes before you can pass the

00:05:51.440 inner cluster node, which will include questions from all of the outer cluster node tests. This becomes

00:05:56.800 particularly relevant when a cluster node must be passed to pass the nodes above it as we see

00:06:01.520 right here with physics and chemistry 1. Here you would need to pass the properties of water, states

00:06:07.760 of matter, matter, basic concepts, basic reactions, volume, mass, weight, simple machines, and measuring

00:06:13.600 systems before you could take a test that covers all of those subjects and moves you to the physics and

00:06:19.120 chemistry 2 section right here. Once those are done, you can then unlock the center of the cluster node

00:06:25.600 here, which then unlocks the next stage of this particular subject, physics and chemistry 3.

00:06:30.400 Occasionally, you will come to a section in the tree where there is no node. Right here you can see

00:06:35.280 this at the branching point of physical science. When you reach one of these, these can be thought of

00:06:40.400 as nodes that are automatically passed and used mostly to help sort things. For example, right here,

00:06:46.000 you can see this sorts down into repair, building, and maintenance, which goes into things like

00:06:50.800 mechanical drawings, cutting things in electrical circuits, but is still technically under the

00:06:55.760 physics tree. However, it doesn't need basic physics like the properties of water and the

00:07:00.480 states of matter to move forward with it, so we separated it out. All right, we're excited to have

00:07:04.960 you guys back. I hope you enjoyed learning about how to use the product. There really isn't anything else

00:07:11.520 to it right now, unless you're an admin or an editor, in which case the user interface is a little

00:07:17.200 different, and you're going to have a few extra tools, but it's just as intuitive of what we just

00:07:22.800 showed you. I mean, I'm sure as we went through that, you're like, I could have figured all of

00:07:26.160 this out just by looking at it, and that's what we were trying to do in terms of building this.

00:07:30.480 The big design changes that happened as we were building it were a few fold. In the initial

00:07:36.800 system, we had tried to build out something that was very good at measuring a student's actual

00:07:43.280 progress in the moment. So by that, what I mean is like school. When you get a test at a school,

00:07:50.160 right, it's meant to judge your ability at that particular subject. However, what we realized is

00:07:57.280 that these are very not fun tests to take. Like a 50-question test or something like that,

00:08:02.320 or a long written assessment is just not very fun if we're treating this as a game loop.

00:08:07.360 Then the second problem is, is they're super cheatable on. Even if we use like an integrated

00:08:12.960 camera on a student's computer, which first of all felt like a huge invasion of privacy,

00:08:17.040 the student could just use AI to cheat on them. And they're moving into a academic environment where

00:08:22.640 that's going to be increasingly common. And so I sort of took a step back and said, hey,

00:08:27.600 okay, we're now in a world where it's very hard to judge somebody's objective understanding of a

00:08:33.440 subject. What if instead we made the test more about keeping a student honest with themselves

00:08:41.200 about whether or not they actually know the content of a node instead of us checking if they know the

00:08:48.320 content of a node. And then I realized that this completely changes the student's relation to the

00:08:53.280 educational system. It's not adversarial. It's not checking if they're constantly lying, basically,

00:08:59.440 or trying to deceive it. It is that they are to help them. And the relationship, the cognitive

00:09:05.200 relationship that is going to lead them to form to education as a process is going to be quite

00:09:10.320 different. Also, it allowed us to narrow these tests down into like short eight question tests.

00:09:14.640 That flexibility now makes the game loop of the testing process much more fun for students.

00:09:22.560 As we have seen in our own usage of this and much more viable for adult learners as well,

00:09:28.720 because now for an adult learner, you're not dedicating, you know, 20 to 45 minutes on a test

00:09:34.960 for every individual node you want to fill out. On the original system, we also had a decay

00:09:41.440 feature where the nodes, which actually sort of you'd lose them if you didn't keep working on nodes

00:09:47.440 within that tree or revisit them occasionally. And this again, just was not very fun from like

00:09:55.040 a game design perspective. There was a game recently, I was looking at vampire something

00:09:59.440 that had a similar feature with base building. And it was just incredibly unfun because you felt like

00:10:03.600 your accomplishments were not tangible. Like they just, they just fell away as time went on. And I

00:10:11.280 didn't want that feeling for students. If students want to redo a nodal tree, they can.

00:10:17.680 Might we add some voluntary decay feature eventually that teachers or students can add themselves?

00:10:23.920 Sure. But I think we also found that like making, making accomplishment ephemeral doesn't necessarily

00:10:29.360 help. Especially if someone's still advancing, because if you're advancing, you need to know

00:10:33.440 foundational knowledge anyway. It's not like if you get really far along in Roman history,

00:10:38.480 you're going to forget the very basics because they're going to be so solidified in your understanding

00:10:42.400 of more complex subjects. So, because most of the knowledge that you're developing through a

00:10:47.520 skill tree like this is going to be building on the more foundational elements, you don't have to

00:10:53.280 worry about decay as long as there's advancement. Yeah, you're absolutely right, Simone. Another

00:10:58.240 big thing that changed as we were going through this is we initially planned for students to have

00:11:03.760 like a bank of paid tutors that they could access through the site. And then the tutors are ranked

00:11:09.360 based on how much they helped students within an individual test. We moved away from this model

00:11:15.440 to the free tutoring model for two reasons, right? So right now, the way it works is you can just sign

00:11:20.560 up as a tutor and people can reach out to you until you want to take your name off as a tutor. And they

00:11:24.640 can also upvote and downvote you so other people can see this is one because you actually do help learn

00:11:29.440 more through tutoring other people to an extent. But I suspect the primary way that people are going

00:11:34.400 to interact with teachers who are using this platform is twofold. One, they're going to be

00:11:40.640 challenged by something and go to their parents or whoever is in any way moderating their learning.

00:11:46.000 So it might be, you know, they might be in a teaching group or something like that. They might

00:11:49.280 be in a homeschooling group or pod or something like that. Or they might go ask their friends who know

00:11:54.000 a lot about a subject. And that to me felt much more organic. Or they may ask an AI. And when I

00:12:00.880 look at the speed to which AIs are developing right now, I kept thinking to myself, like,

00:12:05.520 is a student going to get better instruction from an AI like perplexity even today than they are from

00:12:12.720 a low cost teacher that, you know, we were able to find and book at, you know, on demand on a platform

00:12:20.640 like this. And it was just like, obviously they will. And better yet, the AIs are on demand,

00:12:25.920 right? Like the teacher, you'd have to wait a day maybe for a reply. Whereas the AI, you don't need

00:12:30.320 to organize anything, you know, and it's consistently getting better. So we decided to

00:12:35.200 lean more heavily on students will figure out how to access instructors. And then we also thought,

00:12:40.960 but that's also an important part of the learning process. Like it gives students a lot more agency

00:12:45.520 if there isn't a, this is obviously what you do if you're struggling with something,

00:12:50.160 instead of a, you need to figure it out yourself. Because, you know, that's what we're teaching in

00:12:54.800 an educational system. And we also found that a lot of the advisors that we worked with

00:13:00.800 really found most of the students they tutored learn by teaching themselves. So the tutoring that

00:13:06.240 we offer is almost more as a helping you learn a subject kind of option than it is a, here's how you're

00:13:13.840 going to learn this subject. Obviously the tutoring is going to help both people involved in most cases,

00:13:18.080 but we've discovered that teaching people something you've just learned is also a really

00:13:23.360 important element to something to build into this, this platform.

00:13:26.240 Yeah. And if you are somebody who teaches like a pod of students or a group of students,

00:13:31.280 and you want to use this platform, we actually have a special type of account for you that allows

00:13:35.840 you to monitor all of the students in your pod. And you will be able to check yes on certain tests

00:13:42.000 for them because while a lot of the tests are multiple choice, some are written answered and

00:13:45.440 some are picture based like the food ones or the making friends ones. And so they need you to

00:13:51.360 approve those particular answers. One of the first updates that we're going to be dropping

00:13:56.560 after, after launch. And we're working on this right now is to have an AI that can handle grading of

00:14:02.240 the written answers and the picture based answers. So if a student wants to approach this without

00:14:07.520 any form of teacher, they can. Right now, when they get to those types of questions,

00:14:12.000 if they don't have a teacher assigned to their account, they can just create one,

00:14:14.960 basically reach out to a parent, use their email. Or if you're an adult learner, use your own email

00:14:19.360 to create your own basically teacher account. But we want to move away from that and have the whole

00:14:23.200 system be automated as soon as possible. But that doesn't mean that the system isn't going to work

00:14:28.000 with outside instructors or that you as an outside instructor aren't going to be able to see

00:14:31.600 what students are doing. Another thing that we move to is it's much more self-generating than we

00:14:39.920 had originally planned. Whenever a student takes a test, they get an opportunity to suggest a new

00:14:44.960 question for that test, which also sort of tests their knowledge on something. Eventually, we'll be

00:14:50.000 giving students a secondary grade based on the questions they're suggesting, as well as the edits they

00:14:56.160 submit. So unlike Wikipedia, what you do is if you want to make an edit or you are uncomfortable with

00:15:02.480 something there, there is a flagging feature and there is a editing feature and then it just needs

00:15:07.040 to be approved by an admin. So we don't do the whole, you have to have a source for everything here.

00:15:12.640 We try to keep a competent enough pool of admins within every subject domain and feel free to reach

00:15:18.400 out if that is something you're interested in participating in, that you will be able to know

00:15:22.880 if the students' changes are good or not. Originally, I was going to hire PhDs to fill out all of these

00:15:29.920 trees and all of these questions, but we moved to doing it with AI because I just feel that the user

00:15:34.880 generated feedback that we're going to get is going to so quickly get to a quality of content that we

00:15:43.760 would have gotten from PhDs, but at a much lower cost and I think much higher readability content.

00:15:50.560 Because the problem with traditional PhDs, and I know this because I was going down the academic

00:15:54.960 path, is you learn to write descriptions and everything like that, like an academic, like

00:15:59.360 you're writing research papers, and that can be very hard for a layperson to read. And I wanted to

00:16:04.240 ensure that we didn't have that style of writing on this stuff, which is why we moved to a public

00:16:09.920 collection mindset. Another thing that we moved away from was the banding thing. We initially wanted to

00:16:16.240 have a system in here that prevented students from becoming non-well-rounded. So basically you

00:16:21.440 needed to get a certain number of points to stay in the school every quarter, and those points were

00:16:26.160 determined by how far behind you were, was in a branch of the tree. As to why we threw this out,

00:16:31.120 basically the only people who wanted this were the people who didn't want to use our system.

00:16:36.480 So it was like existing public school educators who were like, well, how are you going to deal with

00:16:42.000 students not being well-rounded? When we actually went towards the type of people who were like,

00:16:46.160 public school isn't working anymore, I want something else for my kid, and we mentioned

00:16:49.200 this system. They're like, I hope you can turn that off because I don't want that for my kid.

00:16:53.520 Like, I don't want somebody telling my kid what they should and shouldn't be learning. I just want

00:16:57.280 a system that's going to completely allow them to go with their passions because we're moving into a

00:17:01.680 world where well-rounded is the first thing that gets automated. Well-rounded is the first thing that

00:17:07.040 gets outsourced. It's the lumpy skill sets that ensure employability in a post-AI, post-

00:17:11.920 outsourcing future. And I was like, yeah, you got a really good point there. What was I thinking?

00:17:16.880 Another thing that we have thrown out is at first we were really afraid of bias. And I was like, well,

00:17:22.480 you know, we want to have true impeachability on bias. So we'll have students compete in

00:17:27.200 prediction marketplaces or do real world tests, like post a story, a scary story on Reddit or something

00:17:34.080 like that as a judgment of their English skills to see how many upvotes they got. And then use that to

00:17:38.960 modify which questions we were keeping in and which questions we were keeping out. And then

00:17:43.760 I had this realization of one day we might build a system like that, but there's so many negative

00:17:50.640 externalities that could accidentally work their way into the system due to this. And it's just

00:17:56.480 incredibly heavier to build a system like this than to just have editors in a version history like you

00:18:01.920 have with Wikipedia. And so I was like, why am I adding all of this complication when it's really

00:18:06.320 mostly an aesthetic difference? And so I decided I was like, yeah, that's, that's a waste of time

00:18:12.480 for everyone. So, and also you can't automate it as much by that. What I mean is, you know,

00:18:17.680 you would need some sort of person to go and check how they were doing on Reddit to review the topics

00:18:23.200 that they were suggesting to review the authentic tests they were suggesting to create the prediction

00:18:28.560 markets. And I was just like, well, it's so much better if you don't have that because then it's so much

00:18:35.040 lower cost to operate. Like if we can get to cost zero operation per student, you have created such

00:18:41.040 an astronomically better system because one it's operating on demand for every student. They don't

00:18:46.560 need to wait for like a cohort of students to reach a particular stage in a tree to then access a

00:18:51.520 prediction market to gate them moving forwards. Well, and we're also, you know, as parents of four

00:18:56.480 kids, hopefully soon more, we understand that the simpler something is the better. And that while it

00:19:04.560 can be nice to think of all these elaborate, lovely things you can do for your children in the end,

00:19:09.440 what will get done is what is simplest. And sometimes you can go above and beyond. And sometimes you can

00:19:14.080 make authentic assessments for your kids. Sometimes you can encourage that, but that is the icing on the

00:19:19.280 cake and something that you can do on your own really well and very easily. Whereas what we want to make

00:19:23.520 sure we deliver is something that works without extra intervention and that doesn't give you or

00:19:29.280 students a lot of unnecessary busy work. So that is important. And then somebody is like, well, what if,

00:19:35.040 what if I, as a parent think that something in the tree is really biased, right? Fortunately,

00:19:39.120 still have a solution for that. You can just censor those skills. You know, if you're going through and

00:19:43.120 you're like super progressive and you don't like that at the end of the civil rights chain on the tree,

00:19:48.320 there's one on the scams that were run using the black lives matter movement. And you're like,

00:19:52.000 I don't want my student to see that. You can just check that off. Or, you know,

00:19:55.920 if you don't want to see like the evolution of human sexuality, you could just check that off.

00:19:59.680 Right. And then, and then you'll know, based on what you've checked off,

00:20:02.800 what you need to personally teach the student that could have introduced some bias to the student.

00:20:08.240 And so there's, there's just not the same risk of bias from the perspective of a parent,

00:20:12.640 because there's only so many subjects that can really introduce sort of systemic bias to

00:20:18.400 a student and those you can search for yourself and, and remove.

00:20:23.120 Perfect. The, the final thing is if you're like, oh, I, I hate all this AI text here and stuff like

00:20:29.120 that, then work on it yourself. And as AI gets better, we'll replace chunks of it. We could really

00:20:33.920 use admins for this. So anyone who's like, I really am dedicated to doing lots of edits for this.

00:20:39.280 We'll look over your edit suggestion history. And if it's good, then we can make you an admin,

00:20:44.480 because I do want this to grow on its own. I want this to be fully operational for my kids by the

00:20:51.280 time that they're fully reading and can engage with a platform like this. And if you're using it

00:20:55.760 and you're like, oh, this node should be here, or you should have a lot more nodes on this subject.

00:21:00.560 Every year, we're going to be doing a thing where we add a lot of nodes and prune some nodes. We'll call

00:21:05.360 it like the pruning, the yearly pruning that will be made. It's sort of an executive level decision

00:21:10.880 based on feedback that we're getting. We may come up with a more organized way to do feedback

00:21:15.440 or even vote on this stuff. We just don't know what that's going to look like right now.

00:21:20.560 If you are an existing educational institution and you want to use this system, we are happy to

00:21:25.840 work with you to white label it or anything like that. You let us know. And if you're somebody who

00:21:30.480 wants to donate to keep this free, because right now we're trying to launch it free. At first,

00:21:36.160 we had this goal where we can turn this into an alternate source of income and then we're not

00:21:41.840 going to have to worry about being fired from our jobs for saying things that are against the

00:21:50.480 current political or social establishment or too controversial. And we basically got to a point

00:21:55.840 where I was like, yeah, but I really want this to be free and I'll find another way to support myself

00:22:01.040 if things go wrong. But if you want to donate to ensure that this stays free to people,

00:22:06.320 you can always reach out to us about how to do that. Or if you want to put the foundation in your

00:22:10.960 will, that's always a nice thing. I'm going to start suggesting that more because that's

00:22:15.440 a good way to without burdening you today, help keep this free for future generations.

00:22:21.840 Anyway, I absolutely appreciate all of you so much who have made this happen. I have been working on this

00:22:27.680 for years. I wanted to ensure that the product that got to you was something that is high quality

00:22:34.240 and usable in its alpha form. But keep in mind, you know, this is an alpha. It is an active development.

00:22:40.640 Parts of the UI are going to be changing. Parts of the system are going to be changing. Features are

00:22:46.560 going to get added pretty much constantly over the course of the next few years. And so, you know,

00:22:52.800 you're seeing now it took us about two years of development time to put together. Imagine where

00:22:58.720 it's going to be in two more years of development time. This isn't like a work on it and finish it

00:23:04.080 game. This is something I want to constantly, constantly, constantly be developing and making

00:23:09.440 better because I think it's the only way we can really protect the next generation is to protect 0.99

00:23:13.360 them from the types of brainwashing that goes on in the existing school system. Were there any other

00:23:18.800 major features that we dropped, Simone? I think the most important thing is if anyone has feedback

00:23:25.600 that they would like to provide to us or they want to discuss this with other people, there is a

00:23:32.400 part of our Discord server associated with our podcast where you can talk about the Collins Institute,

00:23:39.200 specifically this platform, Parisia, on the Discord server. We'll include a link to the Discord server in

00:23:44.000 the description of this video. So if you want to chat with people about it as you're exploring it,

00:23:47.600 that's a good place to go. If you want to provide feedback directly to us, you can email us at

00:23:52.320 partners at Collins Institute dot org. Yeah. Oh, and I was going to add the one other thing that we

00:23:57.760 removed. One other thing that we had dreamed about putting together was when we had actually put it

00:24:02.320 together, a democratized nepotism, which is to say a network of high profile individuals that you can pitch

00:24:08.000 to and work with in various fields if you got really far within any branch of the tree. That network still

00:24:13.440 exists. I just couldn't find an easy and automated way to work it into the system. The way the network

00:24:19.920 works now is if you have a student who has worked their way to the end of any of the branches of the

00:24:25.040 tree, just reach out to us. We'll be able to see their user history. We'll be able to talk with them,

00:24:30.960 get a brief vetting of them. And then if they are extremely precocious, connect them with people in

00:24:37.920 most fields that can be useful to them. So that feature is still there. It's now just part of the

00:24:42.880 free version of the software until we get so big that I need to find some other system for doing that.

00:24:49.040 As a bonus, because the launch has taken so long, we actually got a few new features working. One of them

00:24:55.520 that I'm very excited about is now we have an AI that will grade written answers, as well as picture

00:25:01.520 based answers, which are common on things like the food test, like make eggs in four different ways,

00:25:06.560 or learn to make fried rice, or things like that, as well as the friendship based ones, which is like,

00:25:11.840 you know, show a picture of you and a new friend that you made. So very excited that we got that

00:25:16.000 working before it goes live, because that means that anyone can pass through the entire skill

00:25:19.120 seat without an instructor to be attached to their account, if they want to. They can, of course, attach structures.

00:25:24.720 write this out.

Based Camp - September 06, 2024

Introducing the Collins Institute： Revolutionizing Education as We Know It

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