Based Camp - New Research Shows UBI Makes Life Worse ... BUT WHY？!

00:00:00.000 Hello, Malcolm.

00:00:01.120 I'm so excited to be speaking with you today

00:00:02.760 because we're gonna talk about universal basic income

00:00:05.980 and how even more experimentation and research on it

00:00:10.000 has come to light showing that

00:00:11.260 it does not meaningfully change policy outcomes

00:00:14.840 like housing and stress.

00:00:16.460 It actually decreases working hours.

00:00:18.540 And even though people still anecdotally say that,

00:00:21.020 oh, it's so great, it doesn't actually help them.

00:00:23.600 And this that we're gonna be covering

00:00:25.300 is coming from someone who really wants

00:00:28.180 universal basic income

00:00:29.840 and cash handouts to work

00:00:31.380 or cash transfers as they would probably put it.

00:00:34.160 So what we're gonna do is get into this.

00:00:36.260 So this is not for people who think

00:00:38.380 this is not the Sam Altman study.

00:00:40.140 We already did an episode on that one,

00:00:41.780 this giant study that showed

00:00:43.100 if you give people a thousand dollars a month

00:00:45.200 over three years, at the end of it,

00:00:47.580 they're poorer than the people who got nothing.

00:00:49.520 Well, we have to just explore here

00:00:51.020 and going beyond the information

00:00:53.080 that we're gonna go over in the article

00:00:54.340 that shows in various different studies

00:00:56.700 how it doesn't work.

00:00:57.340 We wanna explore the really key question here

00:01:00.160 of why do these cash transfers fail?

00:01:03.460 But it's super clear in the data

00:01:05.480 that earning more correlates with better outcomes.

00:01:09.300 So that's the other thing.

00:01:10.220 Before we get into that,

00:01:11.260 I think it's very important

00:01:12.060 that we frame for people

00:01:13.000 why this is an important conversation right now

00:01:14.940 and why it is such an existential threat to humanity.

00:01:18.000 Yes, UBI, an existential threat.

00:01:19.800 AI may replace a lot of people's jobs.

00:01:22.600 The last time we did a video on

00:01:25.100 when will AI actually replace jobs,

00:01:27.420 the head of one of our programming teams, Bruno,

00:01:30.240 had been the one who sort of asked the question.

00:01:31.960 He's like, I don't see people being let go

00:01:34.100 because of AI.

00:01:34.940 I don't see things changing because of AI.

00:01:37.300 Now, like three months later,

00:01:39.440 the RFAB team is just me, him, and AI

00:01:41.740 because it has replaced all of those jobs.

00:01:45.380 That is how quickly,

00:01:46.800 if you can go from saying,

00:01:47.980 I have no idea how this is gonna,

00:01:49.880 you know, actually replace workers

00:01:51.680 or actually change the economy

00:01:52.940 to like just months later

00:01:55.860 and like, oh, this is doing most of my work, right?

00:01:58.580 And why this becomes so threatening

00:02:01.420 is it's like, well,

00:02:02.000 how do you maintain an economy around that?

00:02:04.000 And then you have to look at

00:02:05.380 what happens to a population

00:02:06.540 if it's on UBI intergenerationally, right?

00:02:11.480 And, you know, you have predictions

00:02:13.960 like the predictions you get in WALL-E.

00:02:16.780 In WALL-E, they sort of show,

00:02:18.560 I think an actually pretty accurate prediction

00:02:21.620 of what could happen to humanity

00:02:22.820 if anything less gruesome.

00:02:25.100 In space.

00:02:25.940 Nah, we did that yesterday.

00:02:27.140 I don't want to do that.

00:02:28.420 Well, then what do you want to do?

00:02:30.460 I don't know.

00:02:31.440 Something.

00:02:32.680 Cut.

00:02:33.660 Over here.

00:02:37.380 Time for lunch.

00:02:39.260 In a cup.

00:02:40.020 Attention, Axiom Shockers.

00:02:49.220 Try blue.

00:02:50.380 It's the new red.

00:02:52.500 Ooh.

00:02:55.060 Ooh, lovely.

00:02:59.280 So we're going to go over

00:03:00.600 some real-life case studies here

00:03:02.160 before we go into the data.

00:03:03.480 You have the Pechang Band

00:03:05.780 of Louisiana Indians in California.

00:03:08.640 Despite operating one of the largest,

00:03:10.280 most profitable casinos in the U.S.,

00:03:12.760 Pechanga Resort Casino,

00:03:14.160 generating over $1 billion annually

00:03:16.040 and distributing substantial

00:03:17.840 per capita payments

00:03:18.840 up to $20,000 per member monthly

00:03:22.160 in peak years.

00:03:23.020 Oh, wow.

00:03:23.340 Okay.

00:03:23.620 The tribe reported a staggering

00:03:25.460 91% unemployment rate

00:03:28.240 with the unemployed individuals

00:03:30.820 often living below the poverty line.

00:03:34.280 Wait, so they're probably unemployed

00:03:35.680 because they feel like

00:03:36.420 their money is taken care of,

00:03:37.920 but they're still in poverty.

00:03:40.640 Yeah.

00:03:41.020 Well, no, the money comes on good years.

00:03:43.420 So they're not getting this every year.

00:03:45.400 And so they are living in

00:03:46.940 just like existential poverty.

00:03:48.760 For another example here,

00:03:49.880 you have the Ho-Chunk Nation,

00:03:50.920 Winnebago Tribe, Wisconsin, Nebraska.

00:03:53.620 This tribe runs multiple casinos,

00:03:55.380 Ho-Chunk Gaming,

00:03:56.420 and distributes per capita payments

00:03:57.960 from revenues,

00:03:58.720 historically $500 to $1,000 monthly,

00:04:00.840 varying by year.

00:04:02.340 Yet their unemployment rate

00:04:03.860 is at around 82% in 2005.

00:04:08.480 It fell though recently.

00:04:09.800 In 2022, it fell to 32%,

00:04:11.200 but that's still 6X the national average,

00:04:13.540 with poverty affecting

00:04:14.560 around 30% of members.

00:04:16.420 So I'm not going to keep

00:04:17.700 going over all of these

00:04:19.420 because there are a number

00:04:20.500 of examples like this,

00:04:22.580 but it is,

00:04:23.040 and we're probably going to do

00:04:24.020 a separate video just on

00:04:25.520 what happens if you're

00:04:26.860 intergenerationally exposed to UBI

00:04:28.700 and how much it just saps

00:04:30.160 your culture of its potentiality,

00:04:32.940 how quickly high-skilled jobs

00:04:35.040 just disappear from communities

00:04:36.380 that this happens to,

00:04:37.540 and what it would mean

00:04:38.780 for the human species

00:04:39.780 if we lived with this.

00:04:41.160 But continue.

00:04:42.460 Oh, that's great.

00:04:43.620 Yeah.

00:04:44.040 So what we're going to do

00:04:45.320 is go over the article

00:04:47.360 and the argument

00:04:48.000 that goes over all this research

00:04:50.460 called Giving People Money

00:04:51.760 Helped Less Than I Thought It Would

00:04:53.380 by Kelsey Piper.

00:04:55.160 And then we're going to talk about this.

00:04:56.440 Like, why is it that,

00:04:58.360 you know, because you would think,

00:04:59.360 okay, if, you know,

00:05:00.460 having more income

00:05:01.340 leads to better outcomes,

00:05:03.160 why does giving people more income

00:05:04.680 lead to worse outcomes?

00:05:06.360 Because I think that's a really key

00:05:07.580 cultural question.

00:05:09.120 So getting into the article,

00:05:11.200 just give people money.

00:05:12.580 It's the simple brute force solution

00:05:14.520 to so many problems.

00:05:15.620 In low-income countries,

00:05:16.580 charities are sometimes measured

00:05:17.700 against whether their interventions

00:05:18.880 are better than simply

00:05:19.980 giving people cash.

00:05:21.220 Even in high-income countries

00:05:22.540 like the U.S.,

00:05:23.100 when disaster strikes,

00:05:24.020 often the best thing you can do

00:05:25.060 is get money into the hands

00:05:26.080 of affected people immediately.

00:05:27.780 They know whether they should

00:05:28.660 use it to buy gas,

00:05:29.760 rent an Airbnb,

00:05:30.840 fly to their cousin's house,

00:05:31.860 or one state over.

00:05:33.520 So it wasn't that crazy to assume,

00:05:35.800 particularly once promising pilots

00:05:37.780 were released,

00:05:38.900 that the same should be true

00:05:40.040 for addressing chronic poverty

00:05:41.340 in high-income countries.

00:05:42.840 If you give a new mom

00:05:43.700 a few hundred dollars a month

00:05:44.860 or a homeless man $1,000 a month,

00:05:46.780 that's got to show up

00:05:47.640 in the data, right?

00:05:49.220 Alas.

00:05:50.140 A few years back,

00:05:51.020 we got really serious

00:05:51.900 about studying cash transfers

00:05:53.360 and rigorous research began

00:05:55.460 in cities all across America.

00:05:57.520 Some programs targeted the homeless,

00:05:59.580 some new mothers,

00:06:00.500 and some families living

00:06:01.480 beneath the poverty line.

00:06:02.860 The goal was to figure out

00:06:03.800 whether sizable monthly payments

00:06:05.320 help people lead better lives,

00:06:06.980 get better educations and jobs,

00:06:09.080 care for more of their children,

00:06:10.400 and achieve better health outcomes.

00:06:12.240 Many of the studies

00:06:12.920 are still ongoing,

00:06:13.900 but at this point,

00:06:14.620 the results are uncertain.

00:06:16.440 They're pretty consistent

00:06:17.380 and very weird.

00:06:19.120 Multiple large,

00:06:20.000 high-quality,

00:06:20.620 randomized studies

00:06:21.500 are finding that

00:06:22.320 guaranteed income transfers

00:06:23.640 do not appear to produce

00:06:24.920 sustained improvements

00:06:25.780 in mental health,

00:06:26.820 stress levels,

00:06:27.740 physical health,

00:06:28.580 child development outcomes,

00:06:29.760 or employment.

00:06:31.020 Treated participants

00:06:31.680 do work a little less,

00:06:33.580 but shockingly,

00:06:34.400 this doesn't correspond

00:06:35.220 with either lower stress levels

00:06:37.160 or higher overall

00:06:38.500 reported life satisfaction.

00:06:39.680 So I want to stop

00:06:40.180 and pull out

00:06:41.100 what's being said here.

00:06:42.880 That when people are like,

00:06:45.020 well, you know,

00:06:46.500 if you just gave me more money

00:06:48.580 or I just didn't have to worry

00:06:50.260 about money so much,

00:06:51.720 I would be less stressed.

00:06:53.840 Yeah, it's the money.

00:06:54.540 It's always,

00:06:54.960 it's the money.

00:06:55.500 It's the money.

00:06:56.040 I don't have enough money.

00:06:57.000 Factually untrue.

00:06:58.380 If you earned more money,

00:07:00.020 you would be less stressed.

00:07:01.080 Not if you were given more money.

00:07:03.220 And this is really key,

00:07:04.440 and we'll get into this at the end

00:07:05.760 because yeah,

00:07:07.380 total, total highlight.

00:07:09.040 All right, to continue.

00:07:10.080 Homeless people,

00:07:10.660 new mothers,

00:07:11.260 and low-income Americans

00:07:12.220 all over the country

00:07:13.040 receive thousands of dollars

00:07:14.300 and it's practically invisible

00:07:15.640 in the data.

00:07:16.740 On so many important metrics,

00:07:18.160 these people are statistically

00:07:19.460 indistinguishable

00:07:20.640 from those who did not

00:07:21.560 receive this aid.

00:07:22.680 I cannot stress

00:07:23.580 how shocking I find this

00:07:24.720 and I want to be clear,

00:07:25.460 this is not,

00:07:26.220 we got some weak counter evidence.

00:07:28.400 These are careful,

00:07:29.520 well-conducted studies.

00:07:30.680 They are large enough

00:07:31.480 to rule out

00:07:32.000 even some positive effects

00:07:33.380 and they are

00:07:33.940 all very similar.

00:07:35.460 I want to stop again here.

00:07:37.340 So the studies on UBI

00:07:38.360 are particularly damning

00:07:39.900 because most of them

00:07:41.540 were done by people

00:07:42.760 who were for UBI

00:07:44.440 and tried to frame the data

00:07:46.700 as being as pro-UBI

00:07:48.640 as possible.

00:07:49.600 Yeah, and that's,

00:07:50.220 so a big issue with this

00:07:52.000 is that many media outlets,

00:07:54.300 if they cover these at all,

00:07:56.120 they manipulate the results

00:07:57.860 to only like very selectively

00:07:59.680 say that this was good

00:08:00.860 because people don't want

00:08:02.420 to hear this.

00:08:03.100 This is not pleasant news

00:08:05.100 for anyone

00:08:05.640 because everyone's answer

00:08:06.680 to Malcolm's point

00:08:07.680 is always,

00:08:08.280 no, just give me more money

00:08:09.200 and then I'll be okay.

00:08:11.140 This is an amount of evidence

00:08:12.580 that in almost any other context

00:08:14.380 we'd consider definitive

00:08:15.960 and yet you'd be hard-pressed

00:08:17.560 to hear about it

00:08:18.280 in the media.

00:08:19.440 Quote,

00:08:19.700 overall,

00:08:20.040 the larger and more credible

00:08:21.160 studies in this space

00:08:22.060 have tended to find worse effects

00:08:23.460 and yet the press

00:08:24.220 seems to prefer

00:08:24.960 to cover the small pilots

00:08:26.700 that show positive impacts.

00:08:29.240 Eva Vivalt,

00:08:29.780 co-author of one recent

00:08:31.120 open research study

00:08:32.060 on guaranteed income

00:08:33.160 in the U.S.

00:08:33.820 told me,

00:08:34.820 the war on poverty

00:08:35.520 is the unfinished business

00:08:36.640 of American liberalism.

00:08:38.360 No randomized controlled trial

00:08:39.860 is really going to convince me

00:08:41.400 that money does not improve

00:08:42.860 people's lives,

00:08:43.720 but I do think cash

00:08:44.860 as an intervention

00:08:45.620 is best used

00:08:46.580 in emergencies

00:08:47.220 for pregnant women,

00:08:48.120 domestic violence victims,

00:08:49.100 or in other narrower contexts

00:08:50.740 where a study

00:08:51.360 is still unknowing.

00:08:52.220 She basically said

00:08:53.840 only for women.

00:08:55.460 For the two examples

00:08:56.880 she gave,

00:08:57.880 pregnant women

00:08:58.440 and in her mind

00:08:59.200 likely domestic violence women,

00:09:00.660 she is saying

00:09:01.300 only for women.

00:09:02.400 And this is how women think.

00:09:04.000 We want to take society's money

00:09:06.060 and use it

00:09:07.360 to make women

00:09:08.220 nuns to the state.

00:09:09.660 Yeah,

00:09:10.020 I mean,

00:09:10.260 that is a whole other

00:09:11.260 can of worms.

00:09:12.620 She continues,

00:09:13.360 winning the war on poverty

00:09:14.420 will require more

00:09:15.460 than just transfers,

00:09:16.300 it will require

00:09:16.840 building and improving

00:09:17.680 institutions that provide

00:09:18.680 education,

00:09:19.320 healthcare,

00:09:19.780 and housing.

00:09:20.740 It's harder this way,

00:09:21.660 but in the words

00:09:22.220 of John Meener Keynes,

00:09:24.380 anything we can do

00:09:25.100 we can afford.

00:09:26.400 The evidence,

00:09:27.280 what do the basic income studies

00:09:28.900 really show?

00:09:29.860 This is so interesting.

00:09:31.060 First,

00:09:31.480 some good news.

00:09:32.100 Poor Americans

00:09:32.600 do not fritter away

00:09:33.680 cash on vice goods

00:09:35.160 like drugs,

00:09:35.960 alcohol,

00:09:36.380 or gambling.

00:09:37.400 And the best piece of news

00:09:38.340 is that in qualitative interviews

00:09:39.660 when you ask people

00:09:40.560 how they're doing

00:09:41.340 and what they did

00:09:42.000 with the money,

00:09:42.840 the recipients

00:09:43.280 give very moving accounts.

00:09:45.420 The money brought comfort,

00:09:46.880 security,

00:09:47.580 hope,

00:09:47.940 and steps toward

00:09:48.500 a better future

00:09:49.140 just like you'd expect.

00:09:50.360 And this is so interesting

00:09:51.580 because there's this

00:09:52.420 collective delusion

00:09:55.080 that money fixes things

00:09:56.540 even when it doesn't.

00:09:57.700 You think it does.

00:09:59.200 So if you were to give me,

00:10:00.540 Malcolm,

00:10:00.820 just a bunch of money

00:10:01.800 and meaningfully

00:10:03.100 it does not make me happy

00:10:04.260 or anything else,

00:10:04.780 I'm still going to be like,

00:10:05.460 oh, it was so meaningful.

00:10:06.440 Yeah, definitely.

00:10:07.180 Give me more money.

00:10:07.920 That would be great.

00:10:08.320 Actually, there's a great way

00:10:09.520 to think about this.

00:10:10.640 So Simone

00:10:11.220 is very odd

00:10:12.700 in the way that she relates

00:10:14.100 to jewelry

00:10:15.460 and clothing

00:10:16.180 and shoes

00:10:16.900 and everything.

00:10:17.280 You got this for me.

00:10:18.060 I decided to wear it today

00:10:18.880 because it made me so happy.

00:10:19.980 But I got that for you

00:10:21.160 because you said,

00:10:22.000 like, I was like,

00:10:22.540 what sort of jewelry

00:10:23.400 early in our relationship

00:10:24.440 do you want?

00:10:25.440 And you're like,

00:10:26.240 well, you know,

00:10:27.140 I've always wanted

00:10:27.700 like pearl necklace.

00:10:29.100 I think that could look

00:10:29.780 pretty classy, right?

00:10:31.340 And so I got her

00:10:32.520 a few chains

00:10:33.320 of pearl necklaces

00:10:34.120 at like a pearl

00:10:34.980 like discounter place

00:10:36.060 where you can get them

00:10:36.640 like bulk or whatever.

00:10:38.040 Yeah.

00:10:38.440 And after that,

00:10:40.120 you know,

00:10:40.340 like the next year

00:10:40.880 I'll be like,

00:10:41.180 what do you want?

00:10:41.680 And she goes,

00:10:42.040 well, you gave me

00:10:42.540 what I wanted last year.

00:10:43.600 Yeah, I have it now.

00:10:44.860 I'm good.

00:10:45.360 Yeah, she's like,

00:10:46.240 you gave me that two years ago.

00:10:47.320 I don't need,

00:10:48.180 why would I need,

00:10:49.080 like, I've got a ring.

00:10:50.640 I've got a necklace.

00:10:51.840 I've got earrings.

00:10:53.220 I don't need,

00:10:53.860 why would I need

00:10:54.340 more than one earring?

00:10:56.040 Like, I need one for each ear.

00:10:57.960 I don't need-

00:10:58.100 Well, I did lose,

00:10:59.160 I did lose one of the

00:11:00.240 false diamond earrings

00:11:01.900 that I really liked.

00:11:03.020 Oh, the one with the globe?

00:11:05.060 No, it was just,

00:11:06.160 it was like an Asher cut

00:11:07.200 fake diamond earring stud.

00:11:09.360 And I just,

00:11:10.720 it's somewhere around this house

00:11:11.880 or one of our kids stole it

00:11:13.000 after it fell on the ground.

00:11:13.900 But like, I miss it.

00:11:15.660 I want to,

00:11:16.040 I could just use the ones

00:11:17.100 that your mom left to us

00:11:18.780 that are also just like fake.

00:11:20.200 So I don't have to be scared

00:11:21.240 wearing them around the house,

00:11:22.260 but they're so big

00:11:23.020 that they kind of don't work.

00:11:24.180 They're a little too gauche.

00:11:25.540 But the problem is,

00:11:27.100 is the way that you relate

00:11:28.840 to jewels is,

00:11:31.320 well, I need a pair of shoes

00:11:32.960 like for like the three occasions.

00:11:35.740 So you've got like boots,

00:11:36.960 like nice shoes

00:11:38.080 and like another pair of boots

00:11:39.780 for wearing outside,

00:11:40.660 but not anything more than that.

00:11:42.720 And it's the same with your outfits.

00:11:43.700 Like how many of these outfits

00:11:45.200 do you have?

00:11:45.640 Like four?

00:11:46.980 Yeah, enough to be able

00:11:48.100 to have something to wear

00:11:49.620 when the inevitable urine or vomit.

00:11:52.580 That's from our children.

00:11:54.180 Like, they, they,

00:11:55.740 I mean, you should see my apron now.

00:11:58.040 It's covered in like bread dough

00:11:59.560 and stuff.

00:12:00.320 But anyway, the point being

00:12:01.220 is that you, you, you, you,

00:12:05.700 if you,

00:12:06.540 if I got you a bunch of stuff,

00:12:10.080 jewels or an outfit,

00:12:12.240 you would look at me

00:12:13.660 and say like,

00:12:15.920 this is just a burden

00:12:17.000 at this point.

00:12:17.620 Like, this is just stressful

00:12:18.960 at this point, right?

00:12:20.000 Yeah.

00:12:20.240 Where am I going to put it all?

00:12:21.380 And this is the,

00:12:22.460 but you would still act like,

00:12:24.800 especially if you're a normal person,

00:12:25.760 because I don't think anyone else

00:12:26.600 actually gets additional happiness

00:12:28.320 from more shoes

00:12:29.820 or more jewelry

00:12:31.040 or more anything like that.

00:12:32.440 But they do get

00:12:33.240 in the moment appreciation.

00:12:34.900 Sure.

00:12:35.580 Absolutely.

00:12:36.020 The emotional maturity

00:12:37.620 that you have

00:12:38.480 to understand that

00:12:39.740 actually their life

00:12:40.900 has gotten worse

00:12:41.840 because now they have

00:12:42.960 more fancy stuff

00:12:44.080 they need to care for.

00:12:45.260 More liabilities.

00:12:46.300 Yeah.

00:12:46.720 Yeah.

00:12:46.860 And they feel bad

00:12:48.280 about having this stuff.

00:12:50.360 Yeah.

00:12:51.120 And I mean,

00:12:51.540 most of these studies

00:12:52.540 are looking at people

00:12:53.260 of much more limited means.

00:12:54.620 And the good news,

00:12:55.540 like she said,

00:12:56.140 is they're not spending

00:12:56.780 this money on drugs and jewelry.

00:12:57.940 Like they are actually

00:12:58.800 spending on stuff they need,

00:13:00.160 but even so,

00:13:01.280 it's not meaningful

00:13:02.060 to make them happen.

00:13:02.700 So to continue

00:13:03.200 what Kelsey Piper's writing,

00:13:04.300 but if you're hoping

00:13:06.100 that monthly transfers

00:13:07.000 of a few hundred

00:13:07.660 to a thousand dollars

00:13:08.600 could transform

00:13:09.380 the war on poverty,

00:13:10.360 then I think the results

00:13:11.040 are fairly clear

00:13:11.700 that this is,

00:13:13.100 at this point,

00:13:13.860 cash isn't king.

00:13:15.220 The gold standard

00:13:16.020 for guaranteed income experiment

00:13:17.300 goes something like this.

00:13:18.720 Researchers recruit

00:13:19.460 a large population,

00:13:20.920 thousands of people,

00:13:21.760 often across multiple cities,

00:13:23.040 and split them

00:13:23.800 into experimental

00:13:24.440 and control groups.

00:13:25.400 Sometimes a control group

00:13:26.360 gets a smaller sum of money,

00:13:27.680 20 or $50 a month,

00:13:29.280 rather than getting nothing.

00:13:30.880 Researchers arrange

00:13:31.660 to protect other benefits

00:13:33.040 so that no one

00:13:33.620 loses eligibility

00:13:34.300 for Medicaid,

00:13:35.420 Supplemental Nutrition

00:13:36.360 Assistance Program,

00:13:37.420 or SNAP,

00:13:38.360 or other programs,

00:13:39.300 because losing eligibility

00:13:40.480 for other benefits

00:13:41.280 would make it much harder

00:13:42.040 to usefully test

00:13:43.000 the effects of cash.

00:13:44.940 Well-designed studies

00:13:45.640 typically pre-register

00:13:46.720 what they'll study

00:13:47.640 so they can't

00:13:48.440 p-hack their way

00:13:49.160 into the results

00:13:49.760 after the fact.

00:13:50.980 The team behind

00:13:51.620 Baby's First Years,

00:13:52.760 one study of a guaranteed

00:13:54.120 income program

00:13:54.800 for new mothers

00:13:55.420 with an emphasis

00:13:56.200 on the effects

00:13:56.880 it would have

00:13:57.240 on new mothers

00:13:57.680 and child development,

00:13:59.040 gave their control group

00:13:59.880 $20 per month

00:14:00.920 and their experimental group

00:14:01.960 $333 per month.

00:14:03.620 They recruited

00:14:04.420 low-income mothers

00:14:05.260 at the hospitals

00:14:06.040 where they gave birth,

00:14:07.140 running the study

00:14:07.720 in Omaha, Nebraska,

00:14:09.160 New York, New Orleans,

00:14:10.280 and the Twin Cities.

00:14:11.480 The experimental group

00:14:12.360 had more money,

00:14:13.620 as you would expect,

00:14:14.720 and worked a little less,

00:14:16.220 but it's probably good

00:14:17.200 if mothers of young babies

00:14:18.360 can cut back

00:14:18.860 on hours slightly.

00:14:20.000 They also spent

00:14:20.600 slightly more money

00:14:21.360 on stuff for their kids,

00:14:22.580 but there was not much else.

00:14:24.100 The cash transfers

00:14:24.820 did not improve

00:14:25.680 maternal health outcomes

00:14:26.700 or child health outcomes.

00:14:28.180 They had no effects

00:14:28.880 on stress,

00:14:29.780 depression,

00:14:30.460 body mass index,

00:14:31.240 or how often children

00:14:32.360 get sick

00:14:33.180 or the children's

00:14:33.920 overall health.

00:14:34.860 They did not improve

00:14:35.580 mothers' self-reported

00:14:36.540 relationship quality

00:14:37.500 or measures

00:14:38.040 of psychological distress.

00:14:39.860 There was no effect

00:14:40.820 on child development.

00:14:41.920 So basically,

00:14:42.460 like, the kids

00:14:43.340 now have more junk.

00:14:44.300 There's, like,

00:14:44.560 more plastic stuff

00:14:45.480 sitting around their house.

00:14:46.240 Sitting around their house,

00:14:47.380 that's it.

00:14:47.740 Yeah.

00:14:48.480 I was very surprised.

00:14:49.720 We were all very surprised.

00:14:50.920 UC Irvine economist

00:14:52.020 Greg Duncan,

00:14:53.100 one of the study authors,

00:14:54.200 told the New York Times,

00:14:55.280 the money did not

00:14:55.880 make a difference,

00:14:56.860 but maybe it just takes

00:14:58.080 a lot more cash.

00:14:59.480 Quote, $333

00:15:00.540 in a time of inflation,

00:15:02.340 a historic pandemic.

00:15:03.560 That's just not going

00:15:04.280 to go very far.

00:15:05.320 End quote.

00:15:05.940 Amy Castro,

00:15:06.700 faculty director

00:15:07.440 of the University of Pennsylvania

00:15:09.020 Center for Guaranteed Income Research,

00:15:10.720 observed to me.

00:15:12.020 On some level,

00:15:12.820 she has to be right.

00:15:13.900 As an area gets richer,

00:15:15.120 people's life outcomes

00:15:15.980 get systematically better.

00:15:17.320 But it matters quite a lot

00:15:18.420 how much money it takes

00:15:19.600 to see meaningful improvements.

00:15:21.560 We would disagree with,

00:15:22.640 and the data would disagree with,

00:15:23.920 it's as they get richer

00:15:25.220 because they're making

00:15:26.020 their own money,

00:15:26.840 not the money itself

00:15:28.360 that is improving the area.

00:15:30.200 Exactly.

00:15:30.880 And as we have seen,

00:15:31.800 this study would go

00:15:32.420 against the Sam Altman study

00:15:33.360 that showed that they had

00:15:33.980 less money when they were

00:15:34.780 given money.

00:15:35.560 And that was when they were

00:15:36.360 given a lot more

00:15:37.140 than the $300, you know.

00:15:38.380 And I think that's the problem

00:15:39.260 is that when you get

00:15:40.400 to a higher amount,

00:15:41.600 and she goes into

00:15:42.520 higher amount studies,

00:15:43.760 so we're going to get

00:15:44.300 into more higher amount studies,

00:15:45.420 but I think once you get

00:15:47.020 more and more,

00:15:47.800 then you start to actually

00:15:49.160 scale back your life

00:15:50.200 in a very damaging way,

00:15:51.900 kind of expecting

00:15:52.680 that larger money.

00:15:54.520 Like $333,

00:15:55.380 you're not going to

00:15:56.760 meaningfully

00:15:57.420 start to depend on that,

00:15:59.700 you know,

00:16:00.160 especially in this time

00:16:00.980 of inflation with a new baby.

00:16:02.500 But yeah,

00:16:03.140 so to continue,

00:16:03.980 a Compton, California RCT

00:16:05.380 tried $500 per month

00:16:07.700 for two years.

00:16:08.280 They found

00:16:08.760 no significant effects

00:16:10.320 on the transfers

00:16:11.400 on labor supply,

00:16:12.780 assets,

00:16:13.520 psychological well-being,

00:16:14.840 financial security,

00:16:15.700 or food security.

00:16:17.020 Like,

00:16:17.420 what else are you going

00:16:18.100 to care about?

00:16:19.000 The biggest effect

00:16:19.900 they found

00:16:20.420 was on other income sources.

00:16:21.920 The groups receiving

00:16:23.080 transfers worked

00:16:23.880 fewer hours

00:16:24.580 and got paid less

00:16:26.040 than people

00:16:26.480 in the control group.

00:16:27.580 The lost non-transfer

00:16:28.860 of income

00:16:29.340 averaged $333 a month.

00:16:31.960 That, to me,

00:16:33.320 like,

00:16:33.560 if I were reading that,

00:16:34.320 I'd be like,

00:16:35.120 oh my god,

00:16:35.940 I've just damaged

00:16:36.680 these people's lives.

00:16:37.820 Like,

00:16:38.240 when they go off this dole,

00:16:40.500 they're less set up.

00:16:42.300 Like,

00:16:42.480 their recurring

00:16:43.620 self-reliant income stream

00:16:45.300 is damaged

00:16:46.100 because of what I did

00:16:47.420 with my study.

00:16:48.420 Like,

00:16:48.620 I can't believe

00:16:49.040 that people aren't

00:16:50.100 not just perturbed

00:16:51.240 by their results,

00:16:52.360 but embarrassed

00:16:53.220 and concerned

00:16:54.000 about the harm

00:16:54.720 they've done.

00:16:55.040 The harm that they've done.

00:16:55.880 Yeah,

00:16:56.000 absolutely.

00:16:56.620 Yeah.

00:16:56.960 And that they don't accept

00:16:58.360 that this is what's happened.

00:16:59.700 And this is how you know

00:17:00.300 these results are so accurate.

00:17:01.700 Yes.

00:17:02.120 Because the very people

00:17:03.000 running the study

00:17:03.600 are like,

00:17:04.420 it must have been

00:17:05.780 an anomaly,

00:17:06.840 you know.

00:17:07.300 Well,

00:17:07.620 and as Kelsey Piper puts it,

00:17:09.380 in the article,

00:17:10.200 she writes literally after that.

00:17:11.680 Now,

00:17:11.860 I think the working poor

00:17:12.960 having more free time

00:17:13.820 is a good outcome.

00:17:15.300 She's not,

00:17:15.940 like,

00:17:16.140 putting two and two together

00:17:16.980 that,

00:17:17.300 like,

00:17:18.060 you're damaging

00:17:19.840 these families.

00:17:20.900 Yeah.

00:17:21.200 And this is the problem

00:17:22.160 with socialism,

00:17:23.160 communism,

00:17:23.740 everything like that

00:17:24.500 more broadly,

00:17:25.520 is that the more

00:17:26.680 that we,

00:17:27.740 you know,

00:17:28.180 you take from

00:17:29.080 productive individuals

00:17:30.660 and give it

00:17:31.320 to non-productive individuals

00:17:32.680 through whatever means,

00:17:33.860 the more you destroy

00:17:35.040 the psychology

00:17:35.720 and lives

00:17:36.480 of those non-productive

00:17:37.340 individuals.

00:17:38.060 As I think any of us

00:17:39.020 have seen of individuals

00:17:40.120 once they start living

00:17:40.880 on Social Security.

00:17:41.740 I mean,

00:17:42.200 this isn't just in this.

00:17:43.660 I have seen this

00:17:44.400 within my own life.

00:17:45.260 When somebody starts

00:17:45.880 living on Social Security,

00:17:46.780 they begin to

00:17:48.300 basically descend

00:17:49.360 into madness.

00:17:50.440 Yeah.

00:17:51.680 100%.

00:17:52.200 She continues,

00:17:53.400 except the participants

00:17:54.640 were asked to rate

00:17:55.500 their own psychological

00:17:56.680 well-being

00:17:57.460 and nothing changed.

00:17:59.180 Okay.

00:17:59.880 Well,

00:18:00.240 let's double it.

00:18:00.960 The Open Research

00:18:02.000 Unconditional Income Study

00:18:03.320 tried $1,000 per month

00:18:04.600 for three years

00:18:05.720 while the control group

00:18:06.660 got $50 per month.

00:18:08.300 They found the participants

00:18:09.340 worked less

00:18:10.140 but nothing else improved.

00:18:12.100 Not their health,

00:18:13.020 not their sleep,

00:18:13.700 not their jobs,

00:18:14.560 not their education,

00:18:15.420 and not even time spent

00:18:17.000 with their children.

00:18:17.860 Yeah.

00:18:18.220 They did experience

00:18:18.880 a reduction in stress

00:18:19.880 at the start of the study

00:18:20.800 but it quickly went away

00:18:22.180 because of course it did.

00:18:23.840 I was surprised

00:18:26.960 at how little we found.

00:18:28.120 That looked great,

00:18:29.000 Sarah Miller,

00:18:29.580 one of the study authors,

00:18:30.520 told me.

00:18:31.560 I want to pause for a moment

00:18:32.660 and note how weird this is.

00:18:34.800 Most studies

00:18:35.300 on the relationship

00:18:35.940 between income

00:18:36.660 and well-being

00:18:37.100 in the U.S.

00:18:37.560 find that increases

00:18:38.300 in income

00:18:38.820 predict increases

00:18:39.780 in well-being.

00:18:40.600 This is the key crux

00:18:41.740 that we need to discuss here,

00:18:43.040 like from a policy standpoint.

00:18:45.040 She continues,

00:18:45.580 research from the

00:18:46.900 earned income tax expansion

00:18:48.220 in 1993

00:18:49.000 found that the extra cash

00:18:50.360 improved stress

00:18:51.320 and material health.

00:18:53.420 Direct cash payments

00:18:54.320 not making people better off

00:18:55.620 is a surprising finding

00:18:56.660 and while baby's first years

00:18:58.200 and Compton

00:18:59.320 are relatively small sums of money,

00:19:01.360 open research is larger.

00:19:03.020 None of the researchers

00:19:03.640 I spoke with

00:19:04.200 believe that giving people money

00:19:05.300 actually makes them

00:19:06.100 no better off.

00:19:07.420 Okay, so also like

00:19:08.140 none of these researchers

00:19:09.060 despite the evidence

00:19:10.160 being presented to them

00:19:11.180 are like-

00:19:12.100 I believe you accept this

00:19:13.020 and I'd also point out

00:19:14.120 that this is why,

00:19:15.800 you know,

00:19:16.020 if you are a white supremacist

00:19:17.460 you need to support reparations.

00:19:19.220 There is nothing you could do

00:19:20.880 that would do more

00:19:21.560 permanent damage

00:19:22.500 to the American Black community

00:19:23.720 than reparations.

00:19:24.640 No, but that's worse.

00:19:25.880 That's not even

00:19:26.740 being a white supremacist.

00:19:28.320 That's being a

00:19:29.060 I want to hurt Black people person.

00:19:31.500 Right.

00:19:31.880 All of these people

00:19:33.500 who are pushing for this

00:19:34.700 would just destroy

00:19:35.820 these communities.

00:19:36.460 Yeah, we should call them

00:19:37.720 like Black extinctionists

00:19:38.960 because that's what this would do.

00:19:40.820 Yeah.

00:19:41.020 This would Native Americanize

00:19:42.680 Black populations

00:19:44.020 subject to this

00:19:45.020 to your point earlier

00:19:46.320 citing how income-

00:19:48.340 And I point out,

00:19:48.980 by the way,

00:19:49.300 some Native tribes

00:19:50.280 have made this work

00:19:51.180 and we'll talk about

00:19:51.820 the ones that have made it work

00:19:52.760 and the ones that haven't.

00:19:53.760 The core difference

00:19:55.120 for the ones that have made it work

00:19:56.180 is they make the money

00:19:57.080 conditional

00:19:57.760 on things like education

00:19:59.620 and grades, etc.

00:20:01.580 Nice.

00:20:02.080 Okay.

00:20:02.780 Yeah.

00:20:03.980 I can't believe

00:20:05.160 that more income is worse,

00:20:06.960 Miller told me.

00:20:07.900 That would mean

00:20:08.620 that recessions are good.

00:20:10.020 We know their consumption went up.

00:20:11.660 A lot of times

00:20:12.320 that's a fundamental measure

00:20:13.620 of well-being.

00:20:14.680 Ha, ha, ha, ha.

00:20:15.680 But then what's going on?

00:20:17.220 I scoured these reports

00:20:18.260 for answers.

00:20:19.140 Where was the money going?

00:20:20.200 People weren't blowing it all

00:20:21.120 on vices like gambling,

00:20:22.440 tobacco, or alcohol.

00:20:23.780 It is generally proportionate

00:20:25.200 to overall spending.

00:20:26.120 So, lots on housing

00:20:27.280 and transportation,

00:20:28.220 some on food and childcare.

00:20:29.720 The Compton study found

00:20:30.620 that people paid down

00:20:31.380 their debt some.

00:20:32.340 There's no obvious

00:20:33.100 single pain point

00:20:33.920 for these families.

00:20:35.100 Maybe this isn't as confusing

00:20:36.380 as it initially feels.

00:20:37.560 If you gave me

00:20:38.320 an extra 10%

00:20:39.060 of my income to spend,

00:20:40.380 it would absolutely

00:20:41.020 make me better off,

00:20:42.060 just not necessarily

00:20:42.800 in ways you could measure.

00:20:44.160 I might give some to friends

00:20:45.220 going through a time of need,

00:20:46.780 which makes my community stronger,

00:20:48.240 even if it doesn't show up

00:20:49.200 in a study looking at my habits.

00:20:50.920 I might take the kids

00:20:51.800 across the country

00:20:52.480 to visit my aging grandparents.

00:20:53.880 Stressful,

00:20:54.440 but worth it in a way

00:20:55.520 that probably doesn't show up

00:20:56.600 in mental health inventory.

00:20:58.220 Oh my God,

00:20:58.780 these people looking

00:20:59.840 for their little...

00:21:01.060 And then if you've studied this,

00:21:02.680 are they doing more trips

00:21:03.640 to grandma?

00:21:04.320 No, they're not.

00:21:04.900 That's the way

00:21:05.520 it always is with these studies.

00:21:06.920 Yeah.

00:21:06.960 But we like Dorothy Piper.

00:21:08.760 We've met her.

00:21:09.300 She's a great person.

00:21:09.880 She's absolutely brilliant.

00:21:11.280 And yeah,

00:21:11.760 she can do no wrong

00:21:13.220 in my mind.

00:21:15.420 She's a very empathetic person

00:21:16.780 and it's showing up in this.

00:21:18.380 Quote,

00:21:18.620 it's very hard to evaluate

00:21:19.580 something like cash,

00:21:20.520 end quote,

00:21:20.840 Miller told me.

00:21:21.900 You might spend it

00:21:22.600 on a new car

00:21:23.340 and I might spend it

00:21:24.380 on a vacation

00:21:24.960 and someone else

00:21:25.560 might spend it

00:21:26.040 on their kids.

00:21:26.860 And when you average

00:21:27.680 all that together,

00:21:28.320 it's hard to find anything.

00:21:29.720 No study with this setup

00:21:30.600 can demonstrate conclusively

00:21:31.880 that money didn't help someone,

00:21:33.740 but they can and did

00:21:35.280 demonstrate

00:21:36.020 that giving low-income people

00:21:37.240 in this format

00:21:38.160 does not advance

00:21:38.960 other policy priorities.

00:21:40.860 It will not

00:21:41.420 at any detectable scale

00:21:42.840 make them measurably healthier

00:21:44.360 or happier

00:21:44.940 or give them better jobs

00:21:45.980 or improve their children's

00:21:47.000 intellectual development

00:21:47.980 because which is kind of

00:21:49.160 all that matters, people.

00:21:50.480 Certainly,

00:21:51.080 if it's not a big

00:21:52.540 give everyone cash program,

00:21:54.280 researchers did point out to me

00:21:55.600 that something much more

00:21:56.380 narrowly targeted

00:21:57.240 as a cash program

00:21:58.300 that is currently underway

00:21:59.300 is pulling its weight.

00:22:00.880 Then she continues

00:22:02.080 to do section.

00:22:02.700 The Basic Income Cover-Up

00:22:04.360 Death by a Thousand

00:22:05.900 Press Releases

00:22:06.760 These latest small

00:22:08.240 to null results

00:22:08.980 largely weren't surprising

00:22:10.160 to people who watched

00:22:11.120 this issue closely.

00:22:12.480 Many of them had realized

00:22:13.400 years ago

00:22:14.140 when the first studies

00:22:16.080 came out

00:22:16.880 that the effects of cash

00:22:18.400 weren't going to be

00:22:19.280 transformative.

00:22:20.400 While exciting big results

00:22:21.360 from pilots

00:22:21.880 tend to make headlines

00:22:22.780 and travel quickly

00:22:23.560 on social media,

00:22:24.560 sobering results

00:22:25.240 from RCTs

00:22:25.960 generally don't.

00:22:27.280 The depressing facts

00:22:28.160 I've recounted to you

00:22:28.880 are largely missing,

00:22:29.960 obscured,

00:22:30.420 and glossed over

00:22:31.080 in public communications

00:22:32.020 about these studies.

00:22:33.800 Articles focused

00:22:34.520 on tiny positives

00:22:35.440 or at best

00:22:36.460 will note

00:22:37.360 the evidence is uncertain.

00:22:38.600 Well, the Big Sam Holder study

00:22:38.820 that we pointed out

00:22:39.540 in that episode,

00:22:40.580 they framed it

00:22:41.780 as a success for UBI.

00:22:44.080 Yeah, it was massively

00:22:44.880 misrepresented in the media.

00:22:46.640 They were like,

00:22:47.040 well,

00:22:47.560 massively misrepresented.

00:22:48.580 People had more free time.

00:22:49.940 Isn't that great?

00:22:51.680 Isn't that nice?

00:22:53.620 Wouldn't you like that?

00:22:54.640 No, but I think

00:22:55.240 this is important

00:22:55.920 for people to understand

00:22:56.880 is that we don't have

00:22:59.640 any other viable

00:23:01.920 alternative right now

00:23:02.940 and that's a whole

00:23:03.640 separate episode

00:23:04.420 for what we do

00:23:06.020 when AI starts replacing us.

00:23:09.060 Yeah.

00:23:09.820 And it looks like

00:23:11.740 we're going to have

00:23:12.500 to WALL-E ourselves,

00:23:13.980 WALL-E-ize ourselves

00:23:14.840 if this is the path

00:23:17.040 we keep going on

00:23:17.760 and that's really horrifying

00:23:19.400 because there aren't,

00:23:21.580 you would need to create

00:23:22.560 some sort of

00:23:23.380 artificial hardship,

00:23:25.060 but we'll get to that later.

00:23:25.760 Yeah.

00:23:26.900 She points to one example

00:23:28.820 of this sort of

00:23:29.500 media misrepresentation.

00:23:31.280 Perhaps the most

00:23:31.780 egregious offender

00:23:33.240 is the Denver Basic Income Project,

00:23:35.340 the most bizarre

00:23:36.200 set of findings I reviewed.

00:23:37.780 This is what a prominent part

00:23:38.760 of the report section

00:23:39.600 on their website looks like.

00:23:41.040 Year one research report results,

00:23:43.440 groundbreaking findings.

00:23:44.720 All payment groups

00:23:45.540 showed significant improvements

00:23:46.740 in housing outcomes,

00:23:47.720 including a remarkable increase

00:23:49.260 in home rent and ownership

00:23:50.380 and decrease in nights

00:23:51.800 spent unsheltered.

00:23:53.520 Participants reported

00:23:54.480 positive shifts

00:23:55.280 in financial well-being

00:23:56.320 with an increase

00:23:57.240 in financial stability

00:23:58.180 and a greater ability

00:23:58.960 to pay bills

00:23:59.560 and reduced reliance

00:24:00.400 on emergency assistance.

00:24:02.800 She adds,

00:24:04.180 I guess I can't tell

00:24:05.120 this is a lie per se,

00:24:06.320 but in reality,

00:24:07.000 they gave a thousand a month

00:24:08.160 to homeless people

00:24:09.020 and they were barely

00:24:10.280 more likely

00:24:10.900 than the control group

00:24:12.000 to get housing.

00:24:12.900 Oh my God.

00:24:16.060 Time for some media criticism.

00:24:17.920 It's not just the researchers' fault.

00:24:19.520 Even when researchers

00:24:20.340 don't understate

00:24:22.440 or null,

00:24:23.360 sorry,

00:24:24.040 don't understate

00:24:24.780 a null or negative result,

00:24:26.220 they told me that journalists

00:24:27.120 are often less eager

00:24:28.120 to go to press with it.

00:24:30.060 Researchers have written

00:24:30.880 a dozen null effect papers.

00:24:32.300 They're trying to get

00:24:33.060 the result out there,

00:24:33.940 Miller told me.

00:24:35.040 People aren't interested

00:24:35.920 in reading them.

00:24:36.640 And that's totally legit.

00:24:38.020 I get that.

00:24:38.480 One researcher said

00:24:40.680 that the university press office

00:24:42.140 seemed to lose interest

00:24:43.240 in a press release

00:24:43.960 about their paper

00:24:45.020 once they learned

00:24:45.820 it was a null result,

00:24:46.700 saying that publication

00:24:47.540 could affect support

00:24:48.560 for public assistance programs.

00:24:50.500 There is clearly a motive here.

00:24:53.280 The researcher was unimpressed.

00:24:54.840 The press release

00:24:55.380 did eventually go out.

00:24:56.760 It's easy to say

00:24:57.400 a bunch of true things,

00:24:58.580 yet leave your reader

00:24:59.720 less informed.

00:25:00.680 And even if the study

00:25:01.600 gets covered,

00:25:02.340 there are several different ways

00:25:03.280 to write the same take.

00:25:04.780 When covering baby's first years,

00:25:06.280 you can highlight the fact

00:25:07.100 that mothers felt

00:25:07.900 more confident about parenting

00:25:09.500 or you can show

00:25:10.700 disappointing results

00:25:11.580 on child development metrics.

00:25:13.580 In some ways,

00:25:14.080 the way we identify

00:25:14.900 promising anti-poverty programs

00:25:16.360 is itself setting us up

00:25:18.040 for failure.

00:25:18.960 Local governments,

00:25:19.720 multiple researchers told me

00:25:20.740 will often only really

00:25:21.680 get excited about a program

00:25:22.940 if they've seen eye-popping results

00:25:24.920 from a pilot program elsewhere.

00:25:27.120 They want a silver bullet.

00:25:28.780 Many of the people

00:25:29.420 working on guaranteed income

00:25:30.640 chafe at the fact

00:25:31.420 that their programs

00:25:32.080 can be criticized

00:25:32.700 for not measuring up

00:25:33.620 precisely because they conducted

00:25:34.880 high-quality studies

00:25:35.780 in the first place.

00:25:36.540 When we look at every other

00:25:38.440 anti-poverty regulation,

00:25:39.660 we don't test it

00:25:40.440 at this level of rigor,

00:25:41.640 Castro pointed out to me.

00:25:43.600 Whole nother can of worms.

00:25:44.080 Which means most other

00:25:45.100 anti-poverty regulations

00:25:46.220 probably make things worse as well.

00:25:47.840 I know, right?

00:25:48.840 She continues,

00:25:49.460 it is true that it would

00:25:50.220 have been impossible

00:25:51.040 for me to write an article

00:25:52.020 about whether high-quality

00:25:53.060 randomized studies found

00:25:54.140 SNAP had benefits

00:25:55.260 for food insecurity,

00:25:56.600 even if I wanted to

00:25:57.480 because we didn't do RCTs

00:25:59.640 when we introduced SNAP.

00:26:01.740 That's the biggest

00:26:02.400 food assistance program

00:26:03.260 in the United States

00:26:03.900 for those living abroad.

00:26:04.720 The standards are higher

00:26:06.260 for guaranteed income

00:26:07.160 than they were

00:26:07.620 for most anti-poverty measures

00:26:08.880 when they were first introduced.

00:26:10.540 But increasing rigor

00:26:11.220 is a good thing.

00:26:12.220 It can allow us

00:26:13.020 to shift focus

00:26:13.800 from programs

00:26:14.340 that don't seem

00:26:15.000 to move the needle

00:26:15.740 towards ones that do.

00:26:17.580 Quote,

00:26:17.780 there's many of cash options

00:26:18.920 we should be looking at,

00:26:19.820 end quote.

00:26:20.280 Stassian West,

00:26:21.120 director of the Center

00:26:21.860 for Guaranteed Income Research,

00:26:22.920 told me.

00:26:23.860 The cash is writ large

00:26:24.880 and then there are

00:26:25.840 targeted life events.

00:26:27.520 Among the many studies

00:26:28.600 still underway,

00:26:29.460 there are much more specific

00:26:30.520 and targeted cash programs,

00:26:31.900 say aimed at pregnant women,

00:26:33.020 people just leaving prison

00:26:34.420 or those recovering

00:26:35.600 from a major negative life shock

00:26:37.020 that look promising.

00:26:38.060 If we hesitate to say

00:26:39.000 what works and what doesn't,

00:26:40.280 money will be wasted

00:26:40.980 on things that don't work,

00:26:42.360 money that could have gone

00:26:43.540 where it will make

00:26:44.400 a big difference.

00:26:45.320 I'm excited to see

00:26:46.380 whether big leaps findings,

00:26:48.060 this is another study,

00:26:49.160 that cash can help victims

00:26:50.420 of domestic violence

00:26:51.360 is reproduced in upcoming work.

00:26:53.000 I'm excited to see

00:26:54.000 the results of cash

00:26:54.700 for pregnant women

00:26:55.320 to improve pregnancy outcomes,

00:26:56.740 cash for parolees

00:26:57.680 to prevent recidivism,

00:26:59.060 and cash in response

00:27:00.020 to major shocks

00:27:00.760 and life events.

00:27:01.880 I hope some of these

00:27:02.580 deliver on their early promise

00:27:04.220 and help us advance

00:27:05.280 the project of addressing poverty.

00:27:07.100 But whatever the results are,

00:27:08.160 we should not bury

00:27:09.020 or exaggerate them.

00:27:10.420 We're in a dangerous

00:27:11.100 epistemic environment,

00:27:12.580 one where widespread agreement

00:27:13.720 on basic facts

00:27:14.800 is scarce

00:27:15.400 and noble lies

00:27:16.440 have permeated

00:27:17.440 the halls of truth-seeking

00:27:18.440 organizations like the media.

00:27:20.320 Those of us who care

00:27:21.040 about ending poverty

00:27:21.780 have to choose.

00:27:22.720 That's how you can tell

00:27:23.380 she's a left-wing person.

00:27:24.500 She thinks the media,

00:27:25.340 the truth-seeking organization.

00:27:27.360 Well, I appreciate

00:27:28.720 her acknowledgement

00:27:29.360 as someone who's left-leaning,

00:27:30.560 as someone who has

00:27:31.460 these tendencies.

00:27:32.620 With social programs,

00:27:33.780 whether it's SNAP

00:27:34.900 or UBI

00:27:37.140 or, you know,

00:27:38.400 anything that you do

00:27:39.820 as a handout

00:27:40.700 is probably making

00:27:42.440 the situation worse.

00:27:43.780 And we really haven't done,

00:27:45.800 when we have done studies,

00:27:47.080 that's what we find.

00:27:48.040 Absolutely.

00:27:48.120 And then another piece

00:27:48.680 is we just haven't done the studies.

00:27:49.920 Yeah.

00:27:50.220 And she ends it with,

00:27:51.720 those of us who care

00:27:52.320 about ending poverty

00:27:53.160 have to choose

00:27:53.980 the integrity of our work

00:27:55.180 over trying to play 5D chess

00:27:57.760 and hoping no one else

00:27:58.920 knows the rules.

00:27:59.560 So is she going

00:28:00.360 to become Trump?

00:28:01.100 Is she going to become MAGA?

00:28:02.360 We're getting MAGA here?

00:28:03.380 I mean...

00:28:03.840 I don't, I don't know.

00:28:04.780 I actually think

00:28:05.680 that there's like a community

00:28:06.820 in the EA world,

00:28:08.520 like,

00:28:09.300 and we're just going

00:28:09.980 to be some of the first

00:28:11.060 that it moved over.

00:28:12.200 But I would not be surprised

00:28:14.220 if by the next election cycle,

00:28:15.700 a lot of people like her

00:28:18.340 in a wider sort of intellectual

00:28:19.800 counterculture movement

00:28:21.120 just mainstream moves right.

00:28:23.300 Like, I mean,

00:28:24.700 you already have

00:28:25.260 that sort of heterodox center

00:28:26.420 that really, really,

00:28:27.180 really hates Trump.

00:28:28.180 Like,

00:28:28.960 Jesse Singel

00:28:29.620 of Blockton Reported

00:28:30.540 and his own blog

00:28:31.660 and own work

00:28:32.240 is one of those people

00:28:33.240 that like is super, super,

00:28:35.860 so even somewhat

00:28:36.600 Trump derangement syndromed,

00:28:38.140 and yet he still represents

00:28:39.940 someone who's willing

00:28:40.680 to question the orthodoxy.

00:28:41.960 There are lots of people

00:28:42.780 like that.

00:28:43.340 Maybe she's kind of

00:28:44.000 in that zone now.

00:28:44.760 Yeah, well,

00:28:45.280 and maybe once Trump

00:28:46.420 is not the face

00:28:47.680 of the Republican Party

00:28:48.520 and you get like a J.D. Vance,

00:28:49.640 it's much harder

00:28:50.160 for people in that crew

00:28:51.320 to be anti-Mega.

00:28:53.660 Yeah.

00:28:54.580 But so there's this question

00:28:56.300 of why cash transfers fail,

00:28:58.460 but earning more

00:28:59.160 correlates with better outcomes.

00:29:01.000 And one thing

00:29:01.620 that you encouraged me

00:29:02.220 to look at is the New Deal,

00:29:04.160 which was a set

00:29:04.960 of U.S. federal programs

00:29:06.020 and reforms instituted

00:29:07.020 in the 1930s

00:29:08.000 in the United States

00:29:08.680 that responded

00:29:09.880 to the Great Depression.

00:29:11.400 And they primarily did this,

00:29:12.640 it was a big program.

00:29:14.340 So it was jobs,

00:29:15.080 it was financial relief,

00:29:16.100 it was new regulatory systems.

00:29:18.180 Millions of people

00:29:19.080 were involved with this.

00:29:20.160 Although really,

00:29:21.820 recovery didn't go

00:29:23.480 all the way

00:29:23.900 until World War II.

00:29:25.120 But there were some programs

00:29:26.540 within the New Deal,

00:29:28.120 which long-term studies

00:29:29.720 have shown

00:29:30.340 were very impactful.

00:29:32.940 So specifically,

00:29:33.660 there was this one

00:29:34.860 youth employment program,

00:29:36.960 the largest employment program,

00:29:38.220 youth employment program

00:29:39.640 of its time,

00:29:40.520 the Civilian Conservation Corps,

00:29:42.060 the CCC,

00:29:43.060 which saw sustainably

00:29:44.320 improved outcomes,

00:29:45.140 including higher

00:29:46.160 lifetime earnings,

00:29:48.360 better health,

00:29:48.840 and lower disability rates,

00:29:50.460 which is huge

00:29:51.360 because here is this program

00:29:52.600 that existed in the U.S.

00:29:54.300 that provided employment

00:29:55.300 to youth,

00:29:56.460 that lasted...

00:29:56.800 It forced them to work.

00:29:58.360 Well, yeah,

00:29:58.720 but after,

00:29:59.460 it didn't force them to work.

00:30:00.900 After it ended,

00:30:02.500 it had sustained impact.

00:30:03.740 So lifetime earnings...

00:30:04.300 Wait, it didn't force them to work?

00:30:06.480 Yeah, it wasn't forced work.

00:30:07.540 It was a job opportunity for you.

00:30:09.300 No, that's what I mean.

00:30:10.060 You have to work for the money.

00:30:12.080 Yeah, yes.

00:30:12.700 Oh, yes, yes, yes.

00:30:13.460 You can't...

00:30:13.820 You don't get the money

00:30:14.420 if you don't work, yes.

00:30:15.460 But it wasn't like a labor camp.

00:30:18.120 No, the point is,

00:30:19.560 is that if you give money

00:30:20.880 to people for no work,

00:30:22.600 you make their lives worse.

00:30:24.000 Yes.

00:30:24.560 So just...

00:30:25.360 I just want to go over

00:30:26.060 the findings for this

00:30:26.800 because they were

00:30:27.200 so shocking to me.

00:30:28.780 Lifetime earnings

00:30:29.420 were 5% to 10% higher

00:30:30.900 than those

00:30:31.340 for similar peers

00:30:32.340 who did not participate.

00:30:34.000 Those with longer CCC service

00:30:36.380 experienced improved height,

00:30:38.180 health status,

00:30:38.840 and longevity,

00:30:39.880 and they lived about

00:30:40.880 a year longer on average.

00:30:42.880 They had lower stress

00:30:44.040 and disability

00:30:44.600 with CCC alumni

00:30:45.940 claiming disability benefits

00:30:47.500 0.4 years later in life.

00:30:50.520 They had 10% lower rates

00:30:51.820 of Social Security

00:30:52.960 disability insurance claims,

00:30:54.360 which is huge for the government.

00:30:55.680 Like, talk about ROI.

00:30:57.280 They had higher geographic mobility

00:30:58.920 and educational attainment

00:31:00.300 among those exposed

00:31:01.320 to work relief

00:31:02.040 and childhood

00:31:02.500 and their midlife income

00:31:04.300 and cognition

00:31:04.860 were much better

00:31:07.060 than those

00:31:07.920 who did not participate

00:31:09.680 in these programs.

00:31:11.000 So their health was...

00:31:11.840 Like, in terms of all the things

00:31:13.100 Kelsey Piper was looking for,

00:31:14.360 right?

00:31:14.520 She's like,

00:31:15.020 is their psychological

00:31:15.680 well-being better?

00:31:16.320 Is their earning better?

00:31:16.940 Is their education better?

00:31:17.800 Like, you know,

00:31:18.380 policy outcomes,

00:31:19.260 as she put them in her article.

00:31:20.860 The CCC did that.

00:31:22.600 Why are people not looking at that?

00:31:24.440 Why are people not looking

00:31:25.700 at putting people to work?

00:31:27.420 Why is this just giving people money?

00:31:28.680 Because they don't...

00:31:29.100 It's antithetical

00:31:29.980 to their world perspective.

00:31:31.120 They do not want to work.

00:31:34.180 So I will point out

00:31:35.440 just one little caveat

00:31:36.960 that I tried to find evidence

00:31:39.500 of other work programs

00:31:41.220 like in India,

00:31:42.000 in other countries,

00:31:42.720 in Europe, etc.,

00:31:43.380 China,

00:31:44.240 where that had such lasting impacts

00:31:47.500 as the Civilian Conservation Corps.

00:31:49.660 Many of them were more targeted,

00:31:51.940 like, oh, this is for vulnerable people.

00:31:53.720 It's only for this little period of time.

00:31:55.160 And pretty much all of them

00:31:56.880 had the kinds of outcomes

00:32:00.660 that she'd hoped for

00:32:01.580 during the treatment periods

00:32:02.840 of the studies that she looked at.

00:32:04.160 So, like, lower stress,

00:32:05.880 better financial security,

00:32:07.380 better feelings of empowerment, etc.

00:32:09.320 Like, it actually created

00:32:10.480 the effect she's looking for,

00:32:11.620 but it ended with those programs.

00:32:13.420 So there's something special

00:32:14.640 about the CCC.

00:32:15.480 I don't know if it was

00:32:16.020 because it was targeted at youth

00:32:17.240 or because it was more broad

00:32:18.480 or because it was, you know...

00:32:19.840 I'm not sure.

00:32:21.180 It could have even been

00:32:22.160 the nature of the work.

00:32:22.920 A lot of this was, like...

00:32:24.300 I remember walking on trails,

00:32:26.180 like hiking trails,

00:32:27.080 as a kid,

00:32:28.180 that people were like,

00:32:29.500 oh, yeah, this was built

00:32:30.200 by the Civilian Conservation Corps.

00:32:32.180 So, like, it was

00:32:32.800 a really big, cool,

00:32:35.540 like, infrastructure project,

00:32:36.580 but also involved

00:32:37.280 a lot of physical work

00:32:38.040 maybe that was good for people.

00:32:39.000 I'm not really sure

00:32:39.680 if it's, like,

00:32:40.120 the nature of the work that's given

00:32:41.180 that can also have

00:32:41.980 an effect on whether

00:32:43.220 this lasts longer.

00:32:45.400 But, yeah, I just find

00:32:47.480 this really interesting.

00:32:48.480 Maybe one way to do

00:32:49.460 a controlled research on this

00:32:50.680 is to look at people

00:32:52.080 who served in the military

00:32:53.240 and their outcomes

00:32:54.140 because that's government payments

00:32:56.820 that you get only

00:32:57.900 in return for work, right?

00:32:59.940 So, what happened?

00:33:01.520 With the military?

00:33:02.500 I haven't looked at that

00:33:03.700 if people who went

00:33:04.840 into the military...

00:33:05.840 Well, what we need

00:33:06.700 is to conscript the poor,

00:33:08.600 force them to work out,

00:33:09.720 you know?

00:33:10.160 That's how they get

00:33:10.940 their money.

00:33:12.380 I mean, South Koreans

00:33:13.400 have mandatory conscription.

00:33:15.320 Israelis have

00:33:15.840 mandatory conscription.

00:33:16.600 Yeah, you see

00:33:17.820 mandatory conscription

00:33:18.720 in a lot of, you know, well...

00:33:20.600 Yeah, like, successful,

00:33:22.300 industrialized,

00:33:23.040 influential, innovative countries.

00:33:25.040 I think it matters

00:33:25.700 a lot less now

00:33:26.260 that we have AI.

00:33:26.840 AI is going to totally

00:33:27.520 change warfare.

00:33:28.560 Well, yeah, but, I mean,

00:33:29.300 military doesn't have

00:33:30.220 to mean fighting.

00:33:32.760 It can mean

00:33:33.660 engaging in IT

00:33:35.360 or health

00:33:36.000 or cybersecurity.

00:33:37.240 I mean, even now,

00:33:38.280 the U.S. is shifting

00:33:39.260 its use of military

00:33:40.280 from, like,

00:33:41.220 foreign policy stuff

00:33:42.420 or, like,

00:33:42.800 foreign conflicts

00:33:43.440 to, you know,

00:33:45.300 hey, maybe we can

00:33:46.140 maintain order

00:33:46.720 in Chicago, California,

00:33:48.220 and Washington, D.C.

00:33:49.420 It's, like,

00:33:49.880 more local stuff.

00:33:51.040 This could...

00:33:52.720 Military service

00:33:53.920 in the future

00:33:54.620 could mean things

00:33:55.520 like maintaining

00:33:56.820 public parks,

00:33:58.120 fixing up

00:33:58.660 crumbling infrastructure,

00:33:59.780 which we're going to need.

00:34:01.320 I mean, considering,

00:34:02.200 you know,

00:34:02.420 the Small Towns Initiative

00:34:03.660 or whatever they're called

00:34:04.720 that's trying

00:34:05.340 in the United States

00:34:06.120 to raise awareness

00:34:07.320 about the fact

00:34:07.940 that many cities

00:34:08.780 and towns

00:34:09.180 that have been built

00:34:09.640 in the United States

00:34:10.280 were built on

00:34:11.080 somewhat shoddy infrastructure

00:34:12.460 that was funded

00:34:13.080 by the property

00:34:14.080 developers

00:34:14.520 and now has to be paid

00:34:16.060 for by the municipalities

00:34:17.300 set up around them

00:34:18.320 who have no tax base

00:34:20.100 to afford it.

00:34:21.320 You know,

00:34:21.680 it could be that

00:34:22.520 in the future

00:34:23.000 a big saving grace

00:34:24.080 if the government

00:34:24.620 gets its policy gears

00:34:25.720 in order

00:34:26.140 isn't UBI

00:34:28.000 but rather

00:34:28.780 employing people

00:34:29.920 and giving them jobs

00:34:31.140 but also

00:34:31.920 helping to maintain

00:34:34.440 the infrastructure

00:34:35.160 that is inevitably

00:34:36.060 going to crumble

00:34:37.060 as we lose the tax base

00:34:38.740 to support it.

00:34:39.820 But I also am not

00:34:40.520 exactly sure

00:34:41.060 how we're going to pay

00:34:41.680 for that.

00:34:42.460 But tell me

00:34:43.460 about the cases

00:34:44.040 in which tribes

00:34:45.220 in the United States

00:34:46.160 indigenous tribes

00:34:47.000 in the United States

00:34:47.500 We'll go into that

00:34:47.880 in a separate episode.

00:34:49.180 Oh, okay.

00:34:49.900 We're not going to get here.

00:34:51.640 But yeah,

00:34:52.180 I guess you're saying

00:34:52.700 it's because they worked

00:34:53.660 or they had to do stuff

00:34:54.740 for it.

00:34:55.560 Yeah, yeah.

00:34:56.200 They have to do stuff

00:34:57.160 for it.

00:34:57.400 You cannot give people

00:34:58.220 giving like

00:34:59.200 it psychologically

00:35:00.200 destroys people.

00:35:01.680 Reparations

00:35:02.120 when you look at

00:35:03.140 mental health, right?

00:35:05.520 One of the biggest things

00:35:06.640 is like within workplace

00:35:08.100 like jobs.

00:35:09.340 One of the jobs

00:35:09.960 where people are really

00:35:10.620 stressed out and miserable

00:35:11.480 or they have really

00:35:12.120 poor mental health

00:35:12.840 and one of the jobs

00:35:13.880 where people are

00:35:14.500 in a really good position.

00:35:16.140 When you feel like

00:35:17.160 you don't have control

00:35:18.000 or you don't have ownership

00:35:19.020 of your work,

00:35:19.960 your mental health

00:35:20.500 is really crappy.

00:35:22.180 And then when you do feel

00:35:23.400 like you're in control

00:35:24.680 and your life

00:35:26.480 is not subject

00:35:27.140 to the vicissitudes

00:35:27.980 of some system

00:35:29.020 or some manager,

00:35:30.940 your mental health

00:35:32.180 is way better.

00:35:33.480 Yeah.

00:35:33.920 And I think this is

00:35:35.180 one of those

00:35:35.560 so many of our episodes

00:35:36.840 just turn to like

00:35:37.760 external locus of control.

00:35:39.960 You know what would be

00:35:40.800 a very interesting study

00:35:41.960 in this area

00:35:42.780 is to apply a multiplier

00:35:46.000 to somebody's Uber earnings,

00:35:47.940 give somebody cash handouts

00:35:50.100 and then have a control group

00:35:51.560 and see if the Uber earnings groups

00:35:54.540 sees a positive.

00:35:56.820 So like turn gig work

00:35:58.780 into more of a living wage thing

00:36:00.240 and see if that gig work produces.

00:36:02.840 Oh, that would,

00:36:03.560 yeah, that would be interesting.

00:36:04.920 Yeah, anything where people

00:36:05.780 have to work for something,

00:36:07.140 even if it's just like

00:36:08.060 picking up trash

00:36:10.300 in a park or something.

00:36:11.520 Love you to Desimone.

00:36:12.620 Have a spectacular day.

00:36:15.400 And, you know,

00:36:16.280 we work for you guys

00:36:17.940 to give us money, please.

00:36:20.700 You got our Patreon here.

00:36:22.420 We got our-

00:36:22.780 And Substack

00:36:23.440 for those who hate Patreon.

00:36:24.300 Stack and Patreon

00:36:25.060 get down as well,

00:36:26.320 you know, let's see.

00:36:27.940 By the way,

00:36:28.500 Patreon and Substack

00:36:29.140 have the exact same benefit.

00:36:30.340 It's just two different

00:36:31.020 Playman products.

00:36:31.620 And the benefits include,

00:36:32.660 I mean, we're going to keep it up.

00:36:33.620 I'm pretty sure.

00:36:34.540 So far we haven't,

00:36:35.340 we're on an unbroken streak.

00:36:36.580 One weekend episode every day.

00:36:38.460 So, sorry, two weekend episodes.

00:36:39.740 You get a Saturday episode

00:36:40.680 and a Sunday episode.

00:36:41.580 So if you want to upgrade from-

00:36:43.120 We are releasing an episode

00:36:43.920 every day of the week now.

00:36:45.420 Yeah.

00:36:45.840 If you want to go from

00:36:46.580 five days a week

00:36:47.260 to seven days a week

00:36:48.140 of Basecamp,

00:36:49.360 you can.

00:36:50.620 The weekend episodes

00:36:51.380 are often stuff

00:36:52.120 that I don't think

00:36:52.680 will do well

00:36:53.120 on the main channel

00:36:53.820 because they're-

00:36:54.600 No, but it's stuff

00:36:54.940 that people ask for.

00:36:56.620 Yeah, there's stuff

00:36:57.520 that people ask for,

00:36:58.140 but they're often like,

00:36:59.600 how do you vibe code?

00:37:00.900 You know, something like that.

00:37:01.660 Like this isn't a channel

00:37:02.460 on how to do that.

00:37:03.640 Or like more personal stuff.

00:37:04.860 This most recent one we ran

00:37:06.500 was on our debauched

00:37:07.660 health regimes,

00:37:08.580 which include

00:37:10.080 functional disorders,

00:37:12.400 you know,

00:37:13.820 medicated,

00:37:15.120 whatever.

00:37:16.240 If I was going to

00:37:17.200 sum this episode up,

00:37:18.140 would you say to people,

00:37:20.240 work makes one free?

00:37:23.100 Work will set you free.

00:37:25.300 Sorry, do you know

00:37:25.820 what that's from?

00:37:26.900 Yes.

00:37:29.060 They were wrong.

00:37:30.660 I mean-

00:37:31.400 In that context,

00:37:32.440 it was a lie.

00:37:33.400 Yes, that was a lie.

00:37:34.920 So for people

00:37:35.580 who don't know,

00:37:36.160 that was-

00:37:36.880 I mean,

00:37:37.420 there the sign

00:37:38.740 should have been

00:37:39.280 incinerators will set you free.

00:37:41.240 But like,

00:37:43.320 the general premise-

00:37:44.880 No,

00:37:45.360 that was on the

00:37:46.240 concentration camps

00:37:47.040 in Nazi Germany.

00:37:47.900 That was a sign

00:37:49.140 on Auschwitz specifically.

00:37:50.440 Auschwitz specifically,

00:37:51.280 okay.

00:37:51.400 Yeah, I can just imagine

00:37:53.060 some like nice German architect

00:37:54.560 being told that like,

00:37:55.740 oh, this is a work camp.

00:37:57.100 You know,

00:37:57.280 we're trying to,

00:37:58.140 you know,

00:37:58.680 we need to build stuff

00:37:59.820 for the war effort.

00:38:00.820 You know,

00:38:01.020 can you help us out here?

00:38:01.920 And they're like,

00:38:02.320 you know what?

00:38:02.840 I think a really inspirational

00:38:04.060 message for people

00:38:04.980 coming in to help

00:38:06.260 the German war effort.

00:38:07.400 Oh my God,

00:38:07.600 that generation's version

00:38:09.340 of like the cat

00:38:10.540 on like the string,

00:38:11.960 like hang in there

00:38:12.740 or something.

00:38:14.340 Like at the Auschwitz,

00:38:15.760 it's just like hang in there.

00:38:16.800 Hang in there, buddy.

00:38:18.260 Oh my God.

00:38:19.880 That's at the progressive

00:38:21.080 Auschwitz,

00:38:21.600 which is still set up.

00:38:22.240 I'll put it in the

00:38:22.680 South Park scene here.

00:38:23.720 Eventually,

00:38:24.200 you know,

00:38:24.360 we all know

00:38:24.760 that we're going to

00:38:25.480 be living through this

00:38:26.920 if we keep up

00:38:27.460 with the wrong thing.

00:38:30.080 Welcome to Tolerance Camp.

00:38:32.600 You are here

00:38:33.360 because you refuse

00:38:34.720 to accept the life choices

00:38:36.200 of your fellow man.

00:38:37.740 Well,

00:38:37.920 those days are now over.

00:38:40.100 Here you will work

00:38:41.100 every hour of every day

00:38:42.600 until you submit

00:38:43.440 to being tolerant

00:38:44.440 of everybody.

00:38:45.480 Today,

00:38:46.680 we will be using

00:38:47.760 the finger paint.

00:38:49.520 You will make a painting

00:38:50.700 that shows people

00:38:51.480 of different races

00:38:52.240 and sexual orientations

00:38:53.440 getting along.

00:38:55.040 Finger paint.

00:38:55.920 Finger paint.

00:38:57.340 What are you finger painting?

00:38:59.160 A bear?

00:39:00.420 A bear?

00:39:01.880 And bears nothing to do

00:39:03.240 with accepting people

00:39:04.200 of different races.

00:39:05.640 I didn't know

00:39:06.440 what else to paint.

00:39:07.360 Start over.

00:39:08.280 You will finger paint

00:39:09.280 what we tell you.

00:39:10.200 Go.

00:39:11.920 Faster.

00:39:12.300 Faster.

00:39:15.840 Faster.

00:39:18.200 Faster.

00:39:18.700 Are you done?

00:39:19.360 What is it?

00:39:19.900 What have you done?

00:39:20.640 People of all colors

00:39:21.320 and greens

00:39:21.600 holding hands

00:39:22.020 beneath a rainbow.

00:39:22.940 Good.

00:39:23.840 We are making

00:39:24.420 the prisoners

00:39:24.880 make macaroni pictures

00:39:25.960 that illustrate diversity

00:39:27.060 in the workplace.

00:39:29.220 Excellent.

00:39:32.620 Oh, my God.

00:39:34.420 Yeah, I love you.

00:39:35.000 Oh, the one where

00:39:35.380 they drew pictures

00:39:36.260 or something?

00:39:36.980 Yeah.

00:39:38.200 God.

00:39:40.700 All right.

00:39:41.280 Okay, so,

00:39:41.780 Simone,

00:39:42.220 for the next episode,

00:39:43.260 I had an alternate one

00:39:44.200 we can do.

00:39:44.860 Oh, good.

00:39:45.380 I think I might do better,

00:39:46.360 which is on

00:39:47.940 how mixing races

00:39:49.960 became racist.

00:39:53.240 Oh, like mixed race marriages?

00:39:55.160 Yeah.

00:39:56.620 Okay, sure.

00:39:57.540 Yeah, I have the other one

00:39:58.380 ready to go.

00:39:58.940 So, the comments

00:39:59.640 on today's episode?

00:40:01.440 They enjoyed it.

00:40:03.060 They enjoyed it.

00:40:03.640 What surprised me

00:40:04.560 was the number of people.

00:40:05.260 What was it on?

00:40:06.260 When we do this part,

00:40:07.080 explain.

00:40:07.480 Oh, so today,

00:40:09.080 the episode that we ran today

00:40:10.280 as we're recording

00:40:11.000 was on Jimmy Kimmel.

00:40:13.280 What surprised me the most

00:40:14.220 was the number of people

00:40:15.060 who were like,

00:40:16.660 no, y'all are wrong

00:40:18.280 about Sandy Hook.

00:40:19.220 That was a false flag attack.

00:40:21.220 Wait, do we have an audience

00:40:22.340 that believes Sandy Hook

00:40:23.340 was a false flag attack?

00:40:24.260 There was at least three people

00:40:25.780 that I saw.

00:40:27.740 So.

00:40:29.260 This is,

00:40:30.300 okay.

00:40:30.980 No, the Jimmy Kimmel thing,

00:40:32.720 I mean, we could maybe

00:40:33.520 do a deep dive

00:40:34.220 into whether Sandy Hook

00:40:35.360 was a false flag attack.

00:40:36.700 That could be a fun episode

00:40:37.800 one day.

00:40:38.320 No, we will not be doing

00:40:39.520 this episode

00:40:40.040 because I spent some time

00:40:41.640 looking into it

00:40:42.460 and the evidence

00:40:43.700 that it is a false flag attack

00:40:45.420 is so laughably bad

00:40:47.920 that there isn't

00:40:48.640 really much to go into.

00:40:50.480 It's stuff like

00:40:51.180 just not understanding

00:40:52.260 humaning.

00:40:53.380 Like, they'll be like,

00:40:53.960 oh, somebody was laughing

00:40:55.380 when they were having

00:40:56.080 an emotional breakdown

00:40:57.020 because their child

00:40:57.980 was recently killed.

00:40:59.520 It's like,

00:41:00.240 yeah, that's normal

00:41:01.640 human behavior

00:41:02.640 to be completely

00:41:03.860 emotionally unhinged

00:41:05.400 when your kids are killed.

00:41:07.180 Like, I don't,

00:41:08.240 yeah,

00:41:08.660 I think it just shows

00:41:10.480 most of the information

00:41:11.780 where it's like,

00:41:12.280 oh, this showed

00:41:13.400 that there were no deaths

00:41:14.460 of this type

00:41:15.140 in this region

00:41:15.940 at this time.

00:41:17.040 And it's like,

00:41:17.520 yeah, but here's where

00:41:18.900 the form was actually filed

00:41:20.260 and you can just trace

00:41:21.460 the paper trail

00:41:22.140 and see that the deaths

00:41:22.920 were recorded here.

00:41:24.500 And so it's just like

00:41:25.560 over and over again

00:41:26.160 stuff like that

00:41:26.840 or like,

00:41:27.220 oh, this website's

00:41:28.580 timestamp shows this

00:41:29.760 and it's like,

00:41:30.680 well, that was

00:41:31.300 improperly captured.

00:41:32.420 You can look right here.

00:41:33.920 It's very easy to find

00:41:35.480 sort of mistakes

00:41:36.700 in terms of research

00:41:37.800 and not deeper sort of

00:41:39.560 because there are some areas

00:41:40.520 where I dive into

00:41:41.100 conspiracy theories.

00:41:41.860 You can look at any

00:41:42.340 of my conspiracy theory videos

00:41:43.500 where I'm willing to consider

00:41:44.900 a conspiracy theory

00:41:45.720 if I think that they're interesting

00:41:47.160 and this would have been

00:41:47.920 an interesting one

00:41:48.540 if it had any

00:41:49.260 sort of weight to it.

00:41:51.340 Yeah.

00:41:51.780 Someone else suggested

00:41:52.880 an episode that I thought

00:41:53.700 would be fun

00:41:54.220 which is on

00:41:54.980 what we think

00:41:55.620 the future of organized crime

00:41:57.140 is going to be.

00:41:58.680 Oh, very interesting.

00:41:59.560 Yeah.

00:41:59.740 Very interesting indeed.

00:42:01.200 So that was a

00:42:01.700 They're already seeing

00:42:02.380 like 10,000 songs a day

00:42:04.360 on like Spotify

00:42:05.020 or whatever.

00:42:05.680 Like, can you spam

00:42:06.840 organized crime with AI?

00:42:08.320 Because there's going

00:42:08.640 to be crime AI.

00:42:10.060 Oh, AI based crime.

00:42:11.660 No, they're already doing that.

00:42:12.720 That's already happening

00:42:13.460 with spoofed calls.

00:42:15.500 So, you know,

00:42:16.160 they used to have these,

00:42:17.420 you know, like honeypot based

00:42:19.200 and they still do.

00:42:20.100 Like people who are basically

00:42:21.040 in slavery conditions

00:42:22.000 doing these honeypot calls.

00:42:24.000 But I think a lot of that's

00:42:24.840 just going to be AI based

00:42:26.020 in the future.

00:42:27.620 But yeah.

00:42:28.580 Her grandma was robbed

00:42:29.800 by AI.

00:42:32.380 It's also

00:42:32.960 Her AI lover.

00:42:34.260 Her AI lover.

00:42:35.680 Yeah.

00:42:36.440 So that's interesting.

00:42:38.140 The other thing,

00:42:38.920 because I've actually been

00:42:39.460 thinking more about

00:42:40.140 the Jimmy Kibble thing

00:42:40.780 and it's just so weird.

00:42:41.900 And it's even wilder

00:42:45.400 that they gave him

00:42:46.000 his job back,

00:42:47.120 given that,

00:42:47.620 as we pointed out

00:42:48.140 on that episode,

00:42:49.060 his ratings were well below

00:42:50.460 most other late night shows

00:42:52.080 when they were canceled.

00:42:53.300 And he himself admitted

00:42:54.900 that he was planning

00:42:56.060 to not be renewed that year.

00:42:57.940 So, and the thing

00:42:59.540 that got him fired

00:43:00.500 wasn't even lying on air.

00:43:02.080 It was refusing

00:43:02.700 to apologize for it.

00:43:04.120 And he's still refusing

00:43:05.500 to apologize for it.

00:43:07.000 And when I go on

00:43:07.740 left wing forums

00:43:08.360 to just find out

00:43:09.120 how they're justifying

00:43:10.000 this to themselves,

00:43:10.760 the way that

00:43:12.140 they're justifying it

00:43:13.100 is by saying,

00:43:14.360 well, he said

00:43:15.440 that the right

00:43:15.920 is using this

00:43:16.520 for political purposes.

00:43:17.840 And I'm like,

00:43:18.920 no, he said

00:43:20.260 that the shooter

00:43:21.060 was right wing.

00:43:22.440 That's a very

00:43:22.980 different claim.

00:43:24.040 He's lying.

00:43:27.420 And he won't even

00:43:28.460 apologize for lying

00:43:29.420 about somebody

00:43:29.840 who was just shot.

00:43:30.400 Again, I see

00:43:31.200 very little difference

00:43:31.940 between what he did

00:43:32.640 and Alex Jones

00:43:33.400 with Sandy Hook.

00:43:34.360 And I will note

00:43:34.900 that his goal

00:43:35.660 is exactly the same

00:43:36.560 as what Alex Jones'

00:43:37.580 goal was,

00:43:38.580 which was to prevent

00:43:39.520 a public conversation

00:43:40.640 that an event

00:43:41.780 would otherwise trigger.

00:43:42.820 In Alex Jones' case,

00:43:43.800 it was around shootings.

00:43:45.940 In this case,

00:43:47.160 it was around

00:43:47.980 somebody being killed

00:43:49.120 for free speech.

00:43:50.100 And he doesn't want

00:43:51.180 that conversation

00:43:51.980 to happen

00:43:52.540 or his audience

00:43:53.340 to have questions

00:43:54.120 around that conversation.

00:43:55.600 Note here for the people

00:43:56.500 to be like,

00:43:57.420 the one way

00:43:58.040 that what Alex Jones

00:43:58.720 did was worse

00:43:59.440 is that he targeted

00:44:01.380 families

00:44:02.480 in the way

00:44:03.760 he told the lie

00:44:04.380 and the way

00:44:05.420 what Jimmy Kimmel

00:44:06.020 did was worse

00:44:06.660 is he didn't even

00:44:08.040 give an explanation

00:44:09.040 as to why

00:44:09.920 he was lying.

00:44:10.760 Like, at least Alex Jones

00:44:11.680 was like,

00:44:12.380 here is why

00:44:13.540 I think this.

00:44:14.380 He was just like,

00:44:15.460 this factual

00:44:16.580 inaccuracy

00:44:17.820 is a truth.

00:44:18.560 Accept it

00:44:19.060 because I told you so.

00:44:19.960 There is

00:44:21.060 any freak out

00:44:22.620 about it at all

00:44:23.660 that like

00:44:24.340 somebody

00:44:26.280 who a core part

00:44:27.320 of their job

00:44:28.120 is newscasting

00:44:29.300 for a private company.

00:44:31.360 Well, okay,

00:44:32.120 a lot of people

00:44:32.800 also pointed out

00:44:33.520 in the comments,

00:44:33.960 many, many people,

00:44:35.040 this guy is not

00:44:35.660 a newscaster,

00:44:36.560 he's a comedian.

00:44:37.620 He is a newscaster,

00:44:38.900 Simone.

00:44:39.120 I am sorry.

00:44:40.020 They disagree.

00:44:40.820 The vast majority

00:44:41.580 of people,

00:44:42.060 so if you look at,

00:44:43.200 you know,

00:44:43.440 whether it's Jon Stewart

00:44:44.500 or Stephen Colbert

00:44:45.540 or his show,

00:44:47.400 I would argue

00:44:48.160 that if you're talking

00:44:48.820 about his average viewer,

00:44:50.500 he is the primary

00:44:51.440 source of news for them.

00:44:52.560 That's the thing

00:44:53.240 is that

00:44:53.800 both can be true

00:44:56.580 and now

00:44:57.860 what's seen

00:44:58.660 is like

00:44:59.020 the primary source

00:45:00.020 of news

00:45:00.340 for a lot of people

00:45:01.160 is like

00:45:03.160 online commentators

00:45:04.360 who primarily

00:45:05.160 are also comedians

00:45:06.620 and entertainers

00:45:07.500 and there's,

00:45:08.680 there's,

00:45:09.540 I used to get

00:45:10.880 most of my news

00:45:11.940 from like

00:45:12.540 The Daily Show

00:45:13.360 and shows like that.

00:45:14.080 But this is the thing

00:45:15.020 as well,

00:45:15.820 why would you

00:45:16.460 intentionally

00:45:17.200 other than

00:45:18.580 just because

00:45:19.060 you're trying

00:45:19.380 to be old timey

00:45:20.140 or whatever

00:45:20.460 make the news boring?

00:45:22.040 Right?

00:45:22.280 Like you have a choice

00:45:23.400 in how you,

00:45:24.160 how you relate

00:45:25.120 information to people.

00:45:26.160 You can either

00:45:26.800 resist telling jokes

00:45:28.680 when opportunities arise

00:45:29.960 or make it funny

00:45:31.840 and engaging.

00:45:32.860 The fact that you

00:45:34.260 are not an idiot

00:45:35.840 about how you deliver

00:45:37.100 educational content

00:45:38.800 to people,

00:45:39.500 i.e.

00:45:39.820 you make it entertaining,

00:45:41.280 doesn't make you

00:45:42.000 not an educator,

00:45:43.180 doesn't make you

00:45:43.800 not an anchor,

00:45:45.360 which is,

00:45:46.260 but the point

00:45:46.740 I'm making here

00:45:47.160 is that's his core job

00:45:48.420 is telling people

00:45:49.140 what's true

00:45:49.640 and what's not true

00:45:50.460 and he lies

00:45:51.360 and he works

00:45:51.920 for a private company

00:45:52.660 and the private company

00:45:53.920 decides to fire him

00:45:55.700 while he also has

00:45:57.180 desperately low ratings,

00:45:58.680 ratings that are,

00:45:59.420 as we pointed out

00:45:59.820 in the episode,

00:46:00.460 much lower

00:46:01.120 than the ratings

00:46:01.700 that most of the other

00:46:02.820 shows that are

00:46:03.540 equivalent to his

00:46:04.360 were canceled under

00:46:05.800 and he himself

00:46:07.560 said he expected

00:46:08.420 the show to not

00:46:09.100 be renewed.

00:46:09.900 Like,

00:46:10.160 it's just like,

00:46:10.760 why have a freak

00:46:11.920 out about this?

00:46:12.660 Like,

00:46:12.880 what's the,

00:46:14.120 why would it,

00:46:15.080 they're like,

00:46:15.620 oh,

00:46:15.860 Disney should have

00:46:16.420 gone to bat for him.

00:46:17.580 It's like,

00:46:18.000 Disney is probably

00:46:19.200 losing money on his show,

00:46:20.820 like,

00:46:21.060 on an episode-for-episode

00:46:21.980 basis at this point

00:46:22.880 if you look at the numbers.

00:46:23.920 Yeah.

00:46:24.380 And given that his show

00:46:25.180 was put back on,

00:46:26.080 it's almost like

00:46:26.620 what we're being shown

00:46:27.500 is you cannot be fired

00:46:29.240 if you're progressive enough

00:46:30.500 from some companies,

00:46:31.760 no matter how badly

00:46:32.880 you perform.

00:46:34.700 If you support the narrative,

00:46:36.760 you get to stay.

00:46:37.580 So why would they,

00:46:39.280 like,

00:46:39.480 there's this weird world

00:46:41.540 that people are living in

00:46:42.880 where they think

00:46:44.900 that basically,

00:46:46.480 I mean,

00:46:46.980 the answer is obvious.

00:46:48.640 They think if you are

00:46:49.540 progressive,

00:46:50.780 you have a duty to lie

00:46:52.660 as an information person

00:46:54.860 because with-

00:46:55.740 Yeah,

00:46:55.880 a lot of people

00:46:56.500 commented on that as well.

00:46:57.500 They were talking about

00:46:58.300 how there's this belief

00:47:00.340 that you have to lie

00:47:01.560 as part of the greater good

00:47:03.720 or something like that.

00:47:05.820 Yeah.

00:47:06.300 Oh,

00:47:07.380 and this is why

00:47:07.680 when everyone is like

00:47:08.320 the Tau or the nice race

00:47:09.440 in Warcraft,

00:47:10.220 I'm like,

00:47:10.440 no,

00:47:10.560 the Tau are like

00:47:11.180 the most evil race.

00:47:12.400 Well,

00:47:12.520 maybe not the most evil.

00:47:13.480 There's some pretty evil races,

00:47:14.740 but-

00:47:15.260 Was that you who referenced

00:47:16.120 them in the comments

00:47:16.640 or did someone else?

00:47:17.520 Because I was like,

00:47:18.160 who are the Tau?

00:47:18.860 I don't know how to respond to this.

00:47:20.380 Anyway,

00:47:20.900 did somebody say that

00:47:21.820 in the comments?

00:47:22.540 Yes.

00:47:22.840 Someone referred to the Tau,

00:47:24.200 so they get it.

00:47:25.680 Well,

00:47:26.000 if you're talking about

00:47:26.760 the greater good,

00:47:27.460 you're going to get people

00:47:28.060 referencing the Tau,

00:47:28.880 Simone.

00:47:29.140 Come on.

00:47:29.680 Oh,

00:47:29.980 well,

00:47:30.360 sorry,

00:47:30.860 I'm not read in

00:47:31.840 at all,

00:47:32.960 but-

00:47:33.420 All right.

00:47:33.700 No,

00:47:33.860 the point I was making

00:47:35.140 is I began to realize

00:47:37.240 that they sort of have a duty

00:47:39.900 to not pop the bubble,

00:47:41.800 pop their like information sphere

00:47:43.840 where everything is good

00:47:44.860 and their site only does good.

00:47:46.740 And there really isn't an interest

00:47:48.360 in what's true at all.

00:47:49.520 And if anything,

00:47:50.460 if he had told the truth,

00:47:51.860 that would have been

00:47:52.540 a greater violation

00:47:53.420 than the way

00:47:54.560 that he handled

00:47:55.240 the information,

00:47:57.620 right?

00:47:58.240 Well,

00:47:58.480 a lot of people

00:47:58.940 also wanted to point out

00:47:59.760 because we didn't know this

00:48:00.700 at the time of recording

00:48:01.520 that he was suspended

00:48:04.280 or slash fired

00:48:06.840 not specifically,

00:48:08.680 you know,

00:48:08.960 only for having

00:48:10.300 misrepresented reality

00:48:12.020 and said that

00:48:12.760 Tyler Robinson was MAGA,

00:48:15.040 but because he was asked

00:48:16.660 by ABC to publicly apologize

00:48:18.640 for that misrepresentation

00:48:20.420 and he refused to.

00:48:22.580 And then that is when

00:48:23.820 he was,

00:48:25.240 fired.

00:48:25.500 That's a very good reason

00:48:26.740 to be pulled.

00:48:27.700 A lot of people chimed in

00:48:29.120 to say that.

00:48:30.300 My argument is

00:48:31.260 there's just absolutely

00:48:32.080 no reason why

00:48:32.700 he would ever do that

00:48:33.640 because he already knew

00:48:34.700 he was going to be canceled.

00:48:35.940 He knows he needs

00:48:36.620 to line up a new audience

00:48:37.480 and that new audience

00:48:38.220 is only going to be

00:48:39.440 his ultra progressive base,

00:48:41.220 which is all that's left

00:48:42.120 for him now.

00:48:42.860 And if he were to

00:48:43.900 backpedal on that,

00:48:45.740 he would alienate

00:48:46.460 the only source of income

00:48:47.420 he has coming in the future.

00:48:48.820 So of course he didn't do it.

00:48:50.880 Would be crazy.

00:48:51.960 Well,

00:48:52.240 I mean,

00:48:52.840 some of these people

00:48:53.760 have gone,

00:48:54.380 I can't remember

00:48:54.820 I want to say

00:48:55.520 something Hall

00:48:57.260 or something,

00:48:58.360 Arsenio Hall

00:48:58.860 or something.

00:48:59.380 I can't remember.

00:48:59.860 There was some

00:49:00.280 black late night show

00:49:01.780 hosts that I had heard about.

00:49:04.280 So I tried to find it

00:49:05.440 because a few

00:49:06.080 fell into this category.

00:49:07.560 Arsenio Hall,

00:49:08.900 DL Hughley,

00:49:10.140 and Travis Smiley,

00:49:11.420 but I can't find

00:49:12.340 the exact channel.

00:49:13.040 I seem to remember

00:49:13.460 it was Arsenio Hall,

00:49:14.340 but now I can't find

00:49:15.040 his channel.

00:49:15.800 But if you go to something

00:49:16.420 like the Travis Smiley channel,

00:49:17.780 they'll be getting

00:49:18.240 2.7,

00:49:20.460 7.6k views per video.

00:49:22.640 And I'll try to find

00:49:23.200 his thing again.

00:49:24.660 And he started a YouTube

00:49:25.700 and he gets

00:49:26.520 around what we get

00:49:28.820 per video,

00:49:29.780 which I was really

00:49:31.100 shocked of.

00:49:32.100 So that audience

00:49:33.100 may not be as on lock

00:49:34.520 as you think,

00:49:35.220 Simone.

00:49:36.000 Oh,

00:49:36.440 well.

00:49:37.120 I mean,

00:49:37.680 of course,

00:49:38.000 we're growing regularly.

00:49:39.660 We're probably

00:49:40.720 twice as big

00:49:41.740 as we were

00:49:42.140 this time last year,

00:49:42.840 three times as big.

00:49:44.040 And people are helping us.

00:49:45.540 One person commented

00:49:46.440 that they gave us

00:49:47.160 all their hype points,

00:49:48.180 which is something

00:49:48.620 that YouTube is now

00:49:49.400 releasing to help

00:49:50.180 viewers help

00:49:52.220 new channels

00:49:52.860 that they think

00:49:53.360 are merited.

00:49:55.120 That was really nice

00:49:55.880 of them.

00:49:56.260 So thank you.

00:49:57.040 So anyway,

00:49:57.660 let's get into it,

00:49:58.620 though.

00:49:58.880 We have a lot to cover.

00:50:00.740 You ready?

00:50:04.080 Yeah?

00:50:04.580 Is that it?

00:50:06.200 You're leading this one,

00:50:07.240 right?

00:50:07.460 Yeah.

00:50:07.680 Okay.

00:50:07.980 So you ready?

00:50:08.480 I can start?

00:50:09.440 Yeah,

00:50:09.640 you can start.

00:50:10.560 Good.

00:50:12.280 Okay.

00:50:12.640 Where do you want

00:50:13.360 me to put this?

00:50:14.260 I'm on YouTube.

00:50:15.260 What about you,

00:50:15.760 Titan?

00:50:16.620 YouTube.

00:50:17.860 Okay.

00:50:18.360 And what are you doing?

00:50:20.200 So I just made

00:50:21.540 this orange.

00:50:23.500 But how did you do that?

00:50:24.360 That's impossible.

00:50:25.620 I just got

00:50:27.020 about five nips

00:50:29.000 of red and

00:50:29.620 five nips

00:50:30.500 of yellow.

00:50:32.680 Wait,

00:50:35.160 are you?

00:50:35.780 Give you a close-up.

00:50:37.500 Are you like a...

00:50:38.740 Yeah,

00:50:39.020 get the phone close.

00:50:40.460 Okay.

00:50:40.940 Look at this.

00:50:42.640 Are you like

00:50:43.100 a science guy?

00:50:44.400 Yeah,

00:50:44.700 look at that.

00:50:45.880 Wow.

00:50:46.440 Are you docked off?

00:50:48.620 I like the climate now.

00:50:50.740 This is so cool.

00:50:52.600 What about you,

00:50:53.080 Titan?

00:50:53.720 Titan,

00:50:54.080 are you a superhero?

00:50:55.460 Yeah.

00:50:56.100 Yeah?

00:50:56.640 Are you going to

00:50:57.060 save the world?

00:50:58.280 Yeah,

00:50:58.840 I am.

00:50:59.520 Yeah.

00:51:00.640 What's up?

00:51:01.280 I can...

00:51:02.320 Carson's making

00:51:03.220 my superhero.

00:51:04.620 Oh,

00:51:04.860 he's making

00:51:05.340 a superhero?

00:51:06.060 Carson,

00:51:06.420 are you making

00:51:06.780 a superhero?

00:51:07.760 No,

00:51:08.100 I'm not.

00:51:08.440 I'm making

00:51:08.960 something else.

00:51:10.360 What are you making?

00:51:11.080 I'm going to make

00:51:13.380 that thing

00:51:14.200 that's

00:51:16.640 that I'm going to wait.

00:51:18.680 Look at how

00:51:19.340 to put this around.

00:51:20.580 This looks so cool.

00:51:22.260 Oh my.

00:51:23.460 Ooh!

00:51:23.940 Bye.

00:51:24.940 Bye.

00:51:25.940 Bye.

00:51:26.940 Bye.

00:51:27.940 Bye.

00:51:28.940 Bye.

00:51:29.940 Bye.

Based Camp - September 25, 2025

New Research Shows UBI Makes Life Worse ... BUT WHY？!

Episode Stats

Length

Words per Minute

Word Count

Sentence Count

Misogynist Sentences

Hate Speech Sentences

Summary

Transcript