00:46:46.620are being cheap. They just said it's0.95
00:46:48.660easier to kill them than buy them. You can buy them.1.00
00:46:50.680very very easily and they have and they will so i don't really see them even as real players0.74
00:46:57.440in this struggle jews and muslims are both long-term civilizational enemies of the white0.98
00:47:03.460christian world and if anything muslims are the bigger enemy if you look at war dead right like0.97
00:47:10.580we've never fought generational thousand-year conflicts against the jews the way that we have0.90
00:47:16.500against the muslims i it seems to me that the conflict between the jews and the muslims is a
00:47:21.380post-war thing it comes from israel like how much of this existed before israel stepped in there and
00:47:27.840decided to curb stomp their children for 75 years straight prior to that there weren't even any0.98
00:47:32.360fucking jews there they didn't have a problem with the jews they had a problem with us they've0.99
00:47:35.880had a problem with us for for literally since they since muhammad they've had a problem with1.00
00:47:40.540us for 1500 fucking years yeah well and let me say this just to continue down this uh path i'm
00:47:47.620on explaining where i was coming from all i said was a i don't think this argument's going to work0.94
00:47:51.620on most people because it's very internally inconsistent and then of course striker comes
00:47:58.120in and calls says oh why don't you go defend chabad why don't you go volunteer for that like
00:48:02.760just saying oh why don't you go defend the jews i'm like okay look you don't need to know who i
00:48:08.460am i understand you probably don't you don't listen to blood salad it's for cool people it's0.51
00:48:13.200for winners who kill but you understand you just read that and said oh yeah jewish guy that's a
00:48:20.580jewish thing you're you're a jew or you're a groiper like they just assign titles to you and
00:48:25.880i'm being pretty diplomatic here i'm like okay i could say a lot of things i could i could say a
00:48:33.180lot of things because i know you and you don't know me that's what you'll say i don't know who0.97
00:48:36.320the fuck are you you know all this stuff about me yeah okay i know your exact height0.98
00:48:40.140but you know he was at some point he's like well just state your position then stop beating around1.00
00:48:47.080the bush i'm like i'm not beating around the fucking bush and that's when his friends started0.98
00:48:49.820saying like if this guy's jewish the mask is slipping and i said you know what bothers me0.98
00:48:54.820and it shouldn't but let me just state it now because i know you're all paying attention
00:49:00.040And what you're doing is very interesting, ironic, one might say, because your entire position that I'm seeing them express is that Israel is genocidal.
00:49:16.840But I'm like, you guys are also genocidal.
00:49:19.960and i said this and i said you are talking amongst people who not only want to destroy
00:49:27.980israel but want to wage a genocidal war against the jewish diaspora right let's be honest i'm0.93
00:49:34.920like i'll see the mask slips i'm like no just fucking admit this what you want if it were up1.00
00:49:39.320to you if you had limited power you'd kill all the jews of course you fucking would you're not0.99
00:49:43.280anti-genocide and i said it's just ironic that you are leveraging this sort of post-war1.00
00:49:50.260internationalist moralism that was crafted by jews to make this argument for you but let's be
00:49:57.760on like i'm like no one's fooled by it no one's fooled by this no one's fooled by the guys who
00:50:04.980run a show called the daily show about how they're the anti-genocide guys you know no one's fooled
00:50:15.180by people who openly call themselves nazis and who talk about how much they want to destroy the jews
00:50:22.360forever that they're now plural pearl clutching about the morality of genocide like no one no0.79
00:50:30.480one buys it not christians not republicans not other nazis not jews not liberals not anybody no0.97
00:50:37.740one buys this so why fucking do it and and this goes back to your earlier point which is like you0.99
00:50:43.500know what can when you support muslims what do you mean support you mean financially because0.99
00:50:47.920none of them are they take selfies with palestinian flags but the palestines probably don't want
00:50:52.220anything to do with you so so why are you doing this why are you pretending that you don't want1.00
00:50:56.840genocide just stop being a fucking faggot because everyone everyone knows what you are who you are1.00
00:51:04.060but more importantly what you are and so that that's just what frustrates me it's like no no1.00
00:51:07.400we're in fact we're the only moral people in the world like yes or no would you kill all every1.00
00:51:12.360single jew on earth if you had the chance if you had a button that said kill all jews would you0.98
00:51:15.960press it yeah you would so this is just like some sort of moralistic convenience that you're talking0.98
00:51:21.560about it again they'll say don't expose the game that we're playing yes don't counter signal them
00:51:27.380we've got them fooled who's them you have no one fooled like we're at least we're at least being0.94
00:51:32.020honest you know but we're we're right out here it's like look the muslims are my enemies and i0.99
00:51:37.080want to destroy them i want to destroy my enemies i'm not apologetic about that the jews are also1.00
00:51:41.820my enemies i think we should destroy them i would be great i would love it if we could destroy our0.99
00:51:45.940enemies and be victorious and you're like how we go but the anyways it's just so funny it's a0.98
00:51:53.200woman coded and it's post-war coded so when when there's a shooting of a muslim father and son
00:51:59.580shooting jews i'm like well that's what you get that's what we get that's what we all get for
00:52:05.420living in this situation we've let it get here where the israel-palestine conflict is just taking1.00
00:52:11.660place next door so it's not an international conflict anymore it's happening in your fucking0.96
00:52:17.940parks yeah and am i allowed to dislike that i'm taking my kid to fly a kite and exactly yes the0.99
00:52:26.420muslim shooter is saying no no no don't come over here i don't want to shoot you i'm like i'm just0.87
00:52:31.500supposed to say thank you thank god thank god this one didn't want to shoot me and my children0.98
00:52:36.080right forget that the dozens and dozens of others where we were the only people who want to shoot
00:52:41.060today i got lucky and because i got lucky i'm grateful because i'm so grateful i'm going to
00:52:46.600become a muslim this is the type of insane knotted up dialectic that we're in right now i'm just like
00:52:53.620i just i just don't like this am i allowed to dislike that in the canadian context it's like
00:52:58.700the india calistan thing like do you side with calistan because india is so oppressive or do
00:53:04.040you side with india because they're our great trading partner and they provide us so much
00:53:08.120etc etc like how about i just want both of them to go back man i hate that we have protests and0.97
00:53:14.100fights and extortion and we have houses being fucking shot up i want all calistanis and all0.95
00:53:20.240indians to all go back i number one let's let's use that amazing example and i appreciate that0.95
00:53:26.860you said that to use the exact same components of what we're just talking about so it's like
00:53:32.200someone will come to you and say so whose side are you on calistan or india and say what and you
00:53:38.380would say what the heck are you talking about i don't i don't think it's like well obviously you
00:53:43.880need to because one of these is jewish controlled let's just say india is india is corrupted by zog
00:53:50.660there's more there's more jews that are controlling that and calistan they're the base nationalists
00:53:56.800they're they're kind of like the ira isn't the ira cool they're in fact they're kind of like the
00:54:02.400nazis they're indian nazis wouldn't you want to support them so honestly if you don't support
00:54:07.760the calistanis you're helping the jews no joke that's what i'm hearing yeah it is though yeah
00:54:14.860it's it's like we had a one of our one of our great listeners right-wing persian he was a
00:54:21.480positive okay america might be going to war with venezuela i'm not sure about that from
00:54:26.680one of the news i'm reading it i'm not are we looking at a boots on the ground war by we i
00:54:32.620mean as outsiders in america but is america like doing a ground offensive in venezuela or is it0.74
00:54:39.720just blockades and sanctions and shit have you seen this at all or no yeah yeah are you asking0.57
00:54:45.040me i mean yeah yeah let's say you i don't i don't think they're going boots on the ground unless it0.95
00:54:49.900goes through congress because i don't i mean my understanding of it is the i don't they can't and0.84
00:54:55.540So if Trump did it, he'd be risking a lot by starting, not that Obama didn't do the same fucking thing repeatedly, but I don't know.
00:55:02.920I just don't think, I don't think that's in Trump's playbook that we would do a ground war without running through Congress.0.74
00:55:07.640On Tuesday night, the U.S. president stated he is ordering a total and complete blockade of all sanctioned oil tankers going into and out of Venezuela.
00:55:16.480Donald Trump said it's because the Maduro regime is using oil from these stolen oil fields to finance, among other things, drug terrorism, human trafficking, and murder.
00:55:26.700It's not clear what he means by stolen, possibly referring to U.S. companies Venezuela nationalized decades ago, and which Maduro's predecessor increased control over.
00:55:36.680Because, you know, he was our good friend, right-wing Persian, and he's like, well, in that case, in that example, what side would you take?
00:55:44.020who do you want to win or lose and i had said something fairly controversial i said i don't
00:55:49.300think america can 100 lose a war these days i don't think they like lost lost the war in iraq
00:55:59.060or afghanistan yes they you could say they retreated they abandoned it but it's like
00:56:05.140look at the other side like they utterly decimated an entire country and extracted
00:56:10.180wealth of resources and complete like when america lose quote unquote loses a war the winner is worse
00:56:17.620off than a loser you know what i mean like yeah america is so insanely powerful and so kinetic
00:56:25.220about its business interests that it can deploy in the region i'm like even if you win you're flat
00:56:30.820i mean if you lose if you win you're flattened basically so i'm like yeah america engages that's
00:56:35.940the way i'm looking at it which is like you can't lose loops you're never going to like chase them
00:56:41.380out and that like the cockroaches will be the ones who take over the country after and that's
00:56:46.420a very cynical way of looking at it i'm sure but i'm like i don't see it as a win or lose there
00:56:51.860you know because look at how many american interests are served like it's not just
00:56:57.300seizing territory and resources it's all kinds of other administrative goals and shit to terraform0.97
00:57:07.560that entire country and that's how they operate anyway but he's like you know america is zog
00:57:12.960so i want to see zog zog lose which means you he had said that i'm trying to be fair here because
00:57:20.780i think it's an interesting point he was making and maybe he could make it to other people as well
00:57:25.980and listeners you could ask yourself he would say that uh you seem to be unwilling to sacrifice
00:57:33.960american lives first of all i'm not american but what right he knows that but let's just let's just
00:57:39.860say we're all american you know in a sense we're all american he's like you need to be comfortable
00:57:46.380with sacrificing the lives of white marines let's say in the interest of giving zog which is america
00:57:55.060black eye watch them lose the fight and i just didn't like that framing you know i mean it just
00:58:01.300like the bondi shooter it's like it seems that the soil this is all grown out of is white death and
00:58:10.100white oppression it seems that you know for this cruel muslim versus israeli conflict to happen
00:58:17.220we need to sacrifice our parks and also maybe my child's skull because i don't think he's that good0.97
00:58:22.340of a shooter you know i mean like is there any equation here that doesn't involve white people0.99
00:58:28.340being raped and killed i'm like can i have one and we were i was laughing about this imagining0.96
00:58:36.020adolf hitler in vienna serving the landscape of the post-war germany seeing it overrun by0.97
00:58:45.540communists and he describes this mein kampf and communists and jews jewish control and then he
00:58:53.300goes and sees this little rinky ding political party that stands in opposition to it it's like0.95
00:58:59.06012 guys in the basement of a pub and he thinks to himself i hate germany i hope it's destroyed0.94
00:59:06.980because we have a zionist occupied germany and the only way to defeat the jews is for germany
00:59:13.060to fall that's how we save the continent you know i mean just as one example because a lot of these
00:59:19.620guys are hitler fans i'm like so like can you accept any solution this problem that does not
00:59:25.340involve millions of white people dying just in the hopes that the jews will be chased into space0.92
00:59:33.360because there's only one guarantee that i'm seeing is that white people lose and i don't know like i0.62
00:59:40.500And I've circled back to my original argument, like that's not going to work on people.
01:54:29.480The question facing the Canadian people is twofold.
01:54:33.000Whether we shall know and develop a true idea of social order in Canada and whether as a people we shall then take our true place in the life of the world.
01:54:45.300One of the manifest faults of our present pure Canada cult is that the whole idea of nationalistic independence belongs to an age that is now and very rarely in its death throes.
01:54:57.480It's not new. It belongs to the 18th century and was appropriate enough for the United States when they declared their independence but has no place in the world of which we are entering.
01:55:06.540for we cannot exist and chart our course through history as if Karl Marx had never lived and led
01:55:12.180the world in revolt against all such ideas of independence it's not enough that we affirm an
01:55:17.960independence based on geography and then agitate ourselves with the desire to be of importance in
01:55:23.380the world and so I don't know what I really like about this is he's not he's almost trying to
01:55:28.000remove us from the conversation of sovereignty through first of all not sovereignty through
01:55:34.320democracy of course but then sovereignty through nationalism or nationalism as the sort of
01:55:41.600state construct he's trying to say what we're really trying to return to and people talk about
01:55:46.560this all the time like what is you know the essence of society it's not just the government
01:55:52.560because we can change the government but it won't necessarily change the people he's trying to be
01:55:57.120like what is social order is that what you want do you want a good state or do you want social order
01:56:03.280well we can define that and maybe that's only achievable if you have something in his opinion
01:56:10.140the king in parliament so you would still have the parliament of course you would have the king
01:56:14.540it would be a canadian king it wouldn't just be the british king and you could work that into the
01:56:19.700system we have right now but you cannot have an absentee king i think that that's such an
01:56:25.680interesting idea to reconcile to get people on the same page like what do you really want
01:56:32.520what do you want is it just prosperity is it just money i don't think that's what most people want
01:56:38.880they want to live the good life and i think we need to remind people of what's at stake and what
01:56:44.480they really want it's you want to leave a good life you want it's safety we talk about this all
01:56:49.580the time in different terminology but high trust society might be one or a safe society or you know
01:56:56.780we're just complaining whatever the opposite of izat is whatever the opposite of these deceitful
01:57:04.440games the rest of the world plays in every interaction we want a place where we can trust
01:57:09.580our neighbor where we have space to grow space to thrive a place that people actually want to
01:57:16.160have a family of seven kids it's not just treated as a new type of war it's not natal warfare that's
01:57:23.560we talk about it right now you need to have nine kids for the race war you need to have
01:57:28.200seven kids because you need you need bio capital for the horrible future that's coming no one's
01:57:36.600even talking about do you want to have just have seven kids because you love your
01:57:40.360people and you love your country and that's just a natural consequence of what happens
01:57:45.880how do you get that well you need this this essence of social order which you can't arrive
01:57:50.200about from like the top down not really like you need to completely change the system you can't
01:57:55.720you can't get there through liberal democracy is what he's saying so it's like what outside of
01:58:02.120democracy can you do and then you need something you need to understand what the idea of a monarch
01:58:07.720is because no one can really comprehend it outside like dictator or tyrant or little man in a crown
01:58:15.960they've never seen it represented what a true king actually was because in a true kingdom
01:58:22.840it wouldn't operate like the neoliberal state which is just you know a socialism machine
01:58:29.400connected to a deracinated atomized people it's implied that in this new social order
01:58:35.640it was an ecosystem of relationships and kid networks and stuff that the the modern didn't
01:58:42.520really have a direct access to you know i mean like he would have no need to anyway what do you
01:58:50.040think about all that um yeah just explain no no i mean absolutely it's funny hearing it from
01:58:55.960a liberal but also we're talking about a liberal from almost a century ago so yeah um
01:59:02.920i know we gotta get going soon so i'm just gonna read a couple more parts here because i want to
01:59:06.280make sure i do it justice i really like this book i would recommend it's very difficult to find um
01:59:11.800or at least it was for me a great many of these canadian books that i really like
01:59:18.120they're not widely spread i think there might be a reprint of it somewhere but like
01:59:22.440it's it's really hard to find pdfs it's really hard to find like easy access to this stuff
01:59:30.840the social good is not regarded as the simple result of merely adding together the differing
01:59:35.880amounts of happiness acquired by a mass of individuals each pursuing the greatest amount
01:59:41.160of happiness for himself in a basic independence of his fellows. It is rather, if implicitly,
01:59:48.400recognized that a government is able to make its own distinctive contribution to the good life of
01:59:52.960its people by ensuring the maintenance of general social condition, conducive rather than detrimental
01:59:58.680to the realization of that life. Thus, in the traditional Canadian or British view, society is
02:00:05.080not a number of basically independent individuals it is rather a community of persons bound together
02:00:11.220by a common spirit of loyalty in an essentially unitary society the role of government is not
02:00:17.700conceived in terms of a law to ensure the natural liberty or basic independence of each citizen
02:00:24.200i think that's important because i think a lot of canadian identity got confused with american
02:00:31.800identity and it's true to say that american identity was founded on individual liberty
02:00:37.560all that stuff they talk about and i think canadians think that canada was founded the
02:00:42.660same way and it absolutely was not uh we have a different government for a reason but it was it
02:00:48.640was never really about individual liberty like that or natural liberty or basic independence
02:00:54.980of each citizen so i i think the main argument he's making is that this thing he's talking about
02:01:01.620is easier to sell to the canadian people at least back then i don't know if it works now considering
02:01:09.060how many provinces or how many movements there are in canada trying to join with america 51st
02:01:17.300state movement or alberta separation or whatever it might be right and this is why i think it's
02:01:23.460so important for canadians to rediscover look we want to rediscover what makes us different than
02:01:30.020americans first of all second of all we need to understand the history of our adversarial
02:01:38.780relationship with america yes i'm not saying we need to remain there we don't need to stay stuck
02:01:43.880there we should figure out a way to reconcile that and move forward because i actually think
02:01:48.100we have more in common than we have different but i think this is important figuring out
02:06:48.400that's removed from the conversation entirely.
02:06:50.460so that that's where you can get lost in the weeds on stats that don't seem to add up and
02:06:55.760everything that's because you're not doing what you're supposed to do as a leader which is like
02:07:00.540understand your people understand the mood of the nation understand what their real desires are
02:07:05.160like right now would obviously be mass migration obviously but you know there's still this is why
02:07:12.040the left has failed because they think you know what i actually think it's about universal health
02:07:15.800care you know what i think it's it's it's about uh more free lunches for kids like that's because
02:07:23.380you've been reading too many stats you can't look at you can't look at this from a more ancient
02:07:30.060perspective which is what we at least can do you know viewing these in terms of forces and wills
02:07:36.960and spaces occupied it's spatialized we can have a far more dynamic spatialized understanding
02:07:44.260of how power flows we can have an ecosystem of change but that is completely lost on our enemies
02:07:52.200anyway we've gone on long enough um at the this at the end of this what do you think yes yes
02:08:01.780absolutely man bring it get into both sides here of the uh of the monarchist argument which i am
02:08:09.520in favor of so happy to hear it i think the next consequential multi-generational
02:08:18.220great man will emerge from canada yeah let's end with that i'm not going to elaborate on that
02:08:25.760the next pole pot the next ball one of the guys one of the good guys one of the good guys is
02:08:35.120gonna be canadian and he's gonna show up and billions must die is what they'll say they'll1.00
02:08:42.180say oh billions can't die how many it's gonna be billions and he's gonna rape0.99
02:08:48.340he's gonna he's gonna rape his way to mars i'm very tired all right so0.78
02:08:56.180we gotta head out thank you so much for taking the time no worries man it's been good see ya0.73
02:09:00.500welcome back to the nautical chronicle i'm the uh the host of this show uh clausington and i'm
02:09:22.860joined by two friendly neighbors to the north how's it going yeah yeah i i just had to check
02:09:33.400that uh i i don't know what what it is but something about reading about how i guess
02:09:41.320uh upper canada and lower canada are geographically reversed like you'd expect
02:09:48.140upper canada to be the north but it's it's in the south i i and we sell our milk in bags too
02:09:56.480yeah so how's it going dimes how's it going fort well too bad it's going good am i correct in that
02:10:06.620this is the lead-in to pony express radio did i hear that right so there there used to be a few
02:10:14.040different um miscellaneous um i guess sort of i guess how would i say um pre-game shows i know
02:10:25.380paul fairnight had you know two episodes of a pony express live or pony express radio um
02:10:32.160show for like uh months and months ago although that kind of fizzled out um
02:10:40.900um so i i just kind of picked up the habit initially i just wanted an excuse to chat with
02:10:47.940uh you know guys that uh i'm quite fond of online while putting together you know various model
02:10:54.780ships hence the knuckle chronicle well i tell you what i don't see this as any leading show to me
02:11:00.980this is the main event pony express radio i'm thinking pony x girlfriends radio right no no
02:11:08.300Hold on. As something of a founder and central committee chairman, I can't exactly – I will not tolerate these assaults from the North.
02:11:20.220Let's be – just to make it official, that is not Pony X Girlfriend Radio.
02:11:26.040That is – okay, yes. And you keep this up and we'll invade you a third time.
02:11:32.680Well, apparently reading the news – and maybe this will be – we'll touch on this later on.
02:11:38.300that uh the pleas for annexation from the north are very big right now and that's a story that's
02:11:46.420been pretty consistent even pre-confederation of canada so if you were to invade and start war
02:11:53.360like i don't know how like half of alberta would be into it i don't know what the exact numbers are
02:11:58.760but it's looking grim yeah i have no clue how i guess it's how how
02:12:07.000like who is actually in favor of annexation it's it's it seems like the you have to be a very be a
02:12:17.200very um very odd canadian to yes especially an odd sort of right-wing canadian to want
02:12:25.620uh american annexation after all as we're going to lead up to um as we're going to discuss
02:12:34.080canada is something of i mean i i wouldn't necessarily say that's ideologically founded
02:12:43.600on being anti-american i would say that
02:12:48.260being opposed to american annexation is core to the founding mythos
02:12:54.940um and that's part part of the reason why i uh i wanted to chat about the war of 1812 with you
02:13:02.400guys because i guess there's a certain there are two american wars that people kind of
02:13:09.820forget about you know two forgotten wars there's the war of 1812 and the korean war
02:13:15.120um you know both get you know a few minutes of uh discussion in american high schools
02:13:24.340during history classes and uh not too too much else um my impression is that the war of 1812 is
02:13:34.100a much more seminal conflict for the canadians where you guys get to you know you guys have a
02:13:43.440few great victories to to boast about many great heroes um and it's the final attempt from the u.s
02:13:53.040to officially or i guess i guess meaningfully annex canada uh after that the border is somewhat
02:14:01.640solidified um and hasn't budged too too much since uh excluding the far western you know
02:14:09.840uh territories which yeah so first off i'm kind of curious how exactly like you know americans
02:14:22.320we have you know 15 minutes of discussion in history class about war of 1812 the brits
02:14:28.640don't even don't even think about it how how widely covered is war in i guess canadian
02:14:37.160high schools or at least what's your impression of it dimes uh i think your experience may be a
02:14:43.180little bit different from mine so please uh you know you can go ahead oh yeah so we were talking
02:14:47.900about this just before we went live that both myself and four sacks i think have essentially
02:14:52.840different viewpoints and by essentially i mean that he was brought up in quebec and i was in
02:14:57.840ontario and if you're in canada that will seem very very significant to american audiences it
02:15:03.240probably doesn't matter but i think the quebec perspective is very is going to be very different
02:15:09.860and the uh heroes that focuses on just to answer your question um and i'm old as shit so it was
02:15:16.980hard for me to recall precisely what we were taught in high school i do know that 1812 was a massive
02:15:23.160part of our high school history classes as was the boer war uh there was a lot of the boer war
02:15:30.580which i i doubt was ever covered in american history classes but yeah the war of 1812
02:15:35.480very very important uh furthermore i think it sits very high in the it's very top of mind for
02:15:44.120canadians um just in terms of quick recall because they can say oh that's when we burned down the
02:15:49.440white house you'll still see that brought up to this day um which was just one minor aspect of
02:15:56.900it most people don't have a thorough understanding of the war as most people don't have thorough
02:16:01.300understandings of most wars but uh as i'm sure you're going to show that map that you drew that
02:16:06.240i find very impressive um and anyone who's got an understanding of the american revolution as i'm
02:16:10.560sure many of your viewers do um it's not just this block of a country it was very very messy it was
02:16:17.780it was like fractals it was very dynamic but and the borders were very blurry and so one thing to
02:16:24.720keep in mind is that war of 1812 is pre-confederation pre-confederation of canada which i believe
02:16:29.960top of my head was like 1861 so that's when you start seeing the unification of this thing called
02:16:37.040canada prior to that it was you know british north america and quebec who were really the originators
02:16:45.060of the word canadians as i'm sure ford or sacks will back up but uh so when canadians say we
02:16:50.840burned down the white house as canadians it's not accurate you could say the british and if
02:16:57.900you're a british loyalist you could say that too but um a lot long story short it's it's a big part
02:17:04.820of the canadian mythology and it's covered quite a bit in high school and there's landmarks
02:17:10.280everywhere and just we were talking about this even in the weeks leading up to the show
02:17:15.100So I believe, Clossington, this was started by you were taking a vacation or some kind of excursion to the border areas and you start seeing references to the war.
02:20:12.260And, like, that's the only thing that a Canadian can tell you about the War of 1812.
02:20:18.020They don't know who Laura Secord is. They don't know who Isaac Brock was. They couldn't tell you about the military genius of Isaac Brock. They couldn't tell you that Ontarians had spent the preceding 50 years since the American Revolution forming military sanctuaries, all in southern Ontario, specifically in the anticipation of American invasion, and that they were drilled.
02:20:44.040and there was no separation between citizen and soldier basically everybody was a minute man
02:20:48.640like a kind of loyalist minute man john graves simcoe built the infrastructure of southern
02:20:53.760ontario uh on military logic the times the the towns and all the townies were were and the
02:21:00.340highways and all of this were built along that's for the ease of uh transportation of soldiers
02:21:07.040and equipment and so on and so forth in quebec they kind of skim over a lot of the
02:21:12.160Anglo aspect of it. But they do focus on Isaac Brock's counterpart, who is Charles de Salaberry.
02:21:20.660And de Salaberry was in the French colonial army before he was recruited into the British-led
02:21:26.540armed forces. And he is known for his amazing victory in the Battle of Chattagy, where they
02:21:32.120fooled the Americans into thinking they were outnumbered and retreated, promptly. And if not
02:21:37.220for that victory the americans may have taken southern quebec and moved on to uh to um to take
02:21:43.420the rest of it they didn't so of course the difference is that salivary didn't die um salivary
02:21:48.960was leading the voltigers who are this kind of asymmetrical asymmetrical military force like
02:21:55.060skilled in ambushes and guerrilla tactics and um very north american style fighting not not so much
02:22:01.560line uh line infantry line battles the way they did in europe well also quebec was a massive
02:22:08.480target like benedict arnold invaded quebec well that's because in quebec there was the only
02:22:14.440infrastructure in canada was basically in in montreal in quebec city so like this is long
02:22:20.200before the city of york kind of rose to become toronto um you know there were towns and settlements
02:22:25.880in southern ontario but nothing to the size or or the population of of the previously inhabited
02:22:31.680you know quebec which was like 80 000 people 70 000 people at that point so yeah like uh when i
02:22:39.340when i really got into i guess the statistics of what canada actually looked like um the the
02:22:46.940number thrown around is that lower canada sort of modern day quebec had roughly uh it's around
02:22:54.340350 000 ish people and upper canada marinday ontario uh had roughly 80 000 ish you know give
02:23:04.680or take uh plus about 100 000 around the uh the seaborne you know eastern um provinces
02:23:14.740the maritimes yeah yeah the maritimes uh by comparison the u.s had about
02:23:22.100uh about seven seven and a half million people um and just like canada uh we had
02:23:31.500militias where every man between the ages of like 18 and 60 had to uh drill with his
02:23:40.100local militia company every month like once a month or once a quarter uh drilling on how to
02:23:47.260respond to indian raids uh because there are a lot of indians out here and the thing about indians
02:23:56.180is um if you make a treat if a chief makes a treaty and that chief dies his son isn't on the
02:24:04.900hook legally to abide by these trees so we we end up with is a bunch of raiding we call that indian
02:24:11.840dying yeah um but so i i also um i don't mean to interrupt you i also wanted to say there's a
02:24:20.880misconception i think on both the canadian and the american side um that this was a predominantly
02:24:27.300british-led war while it's true that the military leadership were british like obviously brock was
02:24:32.700from guernsey he was from the island of guernsey the actual soldiers doing the fighting were native
02:24:37.780born loyalists like as in they were north americans who had been there for at least 200 years
02:24:42.820since the mayflower so you know when they say well it wasn't it wasn't canadians who burned
02:24:48.460down the white house that's not exactly accurate it's not entirely true but it's not exactly
02:24:52.880accurate well before we get into i guess the the course of the war uh let's get into i guess some
02:25:03.020of the the backstory on how the war actually got started and i guess the canadian perspective on
02:25:09.660i guess what would you say american predation or oh 100 1812 might as well have been maybe a
02:25:20.420tuesday for the united states for canada it was a total existential struggle it was a total war
02:25:28.140I'm talking like, so you have this Anglican Tory elite in Upper Canada who had regrouped from 1776, and they're out for blood, they're out for revenge, their struggle against revolutionary fervor, which they refer to as the age of madness and the age of reason, continued unabashed.
02:25:54.180they had national schools that were tied to this anglican oligarchy they were called the family
02:25:59.520compact and they were basically landed gentry and all but named they tried to even recreate the
02:26:04.340the uh landed gentry system of the united kingdom in ontario problem is they didn't have any landed
02:26:10.820noblemen like actual uh knighted men who who sort of rose through the ranks of becoming counts and
02:26:16.760dukes and whatever um and they were deeply reactionary they were deeply obsessed with
02:26:21.540idea of loyalty and loyalism and there's a misconception that loyalism is simply blind
02:26:26.820loyalty to the institution of the british crown and this is wrong loyalism ended up evolving
02:26:32.100into this entire counter-revolutionary ideology that was very reactionary in a way very similar
02:26:38.820to your dixies i would say very similar to your uh cavaliers in the southeast um who rejected
02:26:47.060yankee industry and and uh and and liberalism yeah and also another note is that the demographics
02:26:55.080during this whole period are very interesting and that you had a lot of americans that resided
02:26:59.900in these what we call canadian territories and there was a lot of british loyalists that were
02:27:05.140in america so another way to understand the loyalist phenomenon is so many of the loyalists
02:27:10.860were chased into canada because they were being dispossessed and like literally tarred and
02:27:18.140feathered in america there's this great book i'm sure you're familiar with the true history of the
02:27:22.780american revolution by sydney george fisher um i know the american revolution heads out there will
02:27:29.660have heard of it but that's why there was so much animosity towards america because you had these
02:27:36.860what were effectively british refugees coming into canada and saying like i i hate america
02:27:43.340because they killed my family because they killed my family they seized my property they0.97
02:27:48.380fucking desecrated my church and like there's a huge uh and this is probably the most esoteric0.97
02:27:54.460aspect of 1776 and the war of 1812 a lot of this was heavily religiously motivated with the and0.99
02:28:01.820i'm pulling from robert passfield who is a great scholar on this subject he wrote the upper canadian
02:28:06.860anglican tory mind and torian toryism in upper canada and so um these loyalists viewed themselves
02:28:15.380as being part of a holy war they viewed themselves as as being the sword of the church of england
02:28:20.460against what they called the dissenting ministers specifically the puritans they hated puritans
02:28:27.800they hated massachusetts they blamed massachusetts for even starting the american revolutionary war
02:28:33.760um and so they viewed this this intentional separation of the church of of england uh
02:28:40.320under heretical terms so there's a there's a vicious sectarian uh elements to this whole thing
02:28:46.580too that has been totally washed away um by time in history uh that i find very fascinating and
02:28:52.980another thing just i feel like this is all painting a picture but i think it's an essential
02:28:56.660picture at the time to contextualize this is that my reading of the history was that the colonies
02:29:03.640and if you pay attention to the period this was occurring in you know there's a lot of stuff going
02:29:08.700on in europe at the time but it felt that the british colonies and especially the french
02:29:15.200colonies weren't taken too seriously by their homelands and didn't get a lot of material
02:29:20.960support and i think this is what drove uh those in quebec and new france to become we are canadians
02:29:28.660like we are a distinct people and i think that that i think for sex you yourself have made the
02:29:34.900case correct me if i'm wrong that you know this this thing called canada really originated in
02:29:40.580quebec um and that sort of momentum and i think that also created many pressures what for us
02:29:48.740i was just describing the pressure from militia because you got the sense that no help was coming
02:29:54.580and i remember there's this quote from even here like voltaire had some quotes about okay and he
02:30:00.820was just dismissing the region of quebec saying it's a couple of acres of frozen tundra like over
02:30:06.820in france didn't give they didn't give a what was going on over here so if you were over here
02:30:10.740it's like you need to carve this out yourself and i think it's why we needed it's why we needed
02:30:15.620state mandated girlfriends yeah with it was it the field something yeah state mandated gfs for
02:30:23.620everyone i recall that's more of a french skill issue than anything else
02:30:28.400look nobody wanted to have kids in this frozen wasteland right which is fair okay it's it's0.98
02:30:36.400negative 40 44 i didn't know you could use mods for child rearing i didn't know you could fucking0.96
02:30:43.180download shit um so yeah in another thing i think klaus you'll find very fascinating is that0.92
02:30:50.740and you even see you see parallels to this in in modernity um because the population around 18120.97
02:30:59.760was like one-third loyalist one-third late loyalists who were actually just americans
02:31:05.220and one-third british emigres or settlers uh the tory oligarchy was scared they were scared
02:31:13.060they were terrified of and suspicious of subversion of infiltration of republicans
02:31:19.560coming in liberals trying to change these the this so-called sanctuary that they had established
02:31:25.000um this monarchical christian sanctuary against the the all-consuming mass of liberal republicanism
02:31:33.400and they made it into a public cult um they sponsored celebrations of royal anniversaries
02:31:38.600they built monuments to loyalist heroes they ensured that churches and schools reinforced
02:31:44.360monarchism and only read the the anglican bible and um this they would make citizens prove their
02:31:52.920loyalty and proving loyalty meant like affirm affirming publicly their their loyalism their
02:31:58.440loyalty to anti-revolutionary ideals um loyalty to the church and crown the whole the the phrase
02:32:04.920that passfield uses is thrown an altar they were obsessed with this phrase thrown an altar um and
02:32:11.480they would it was it's like they'd test they would test the public you'd go out you'd accuse somebody
02:32:16.120of not being sufficiently loyalist he would face this public humiliation ritual where he now has
02:32:21.240to like prove how loyalist he is um in a way that's that parallels in ironically in some ways
02:32:26.920perhaps uh elements of of the patriot movement or or even the french revolution it was very much a
02:32:33.480counter revolution not in that it was a reactionary thing but trying to throw your own revolution and
02:32:39.640And as Dimes said, that sense of abandonment wasn't just felt by the French.
02:32:44.960It was also felt by the Tories, because in the Revolutionary War, the British officers didn't really care about the loyalists.
02:32:51.840They thought the loyalists were unreliable because the loyalists would often go AWOL.
02:32:56.740They would try to get their land and property back.
02:32:59.120They would target specific patriot militias.
02:33:02.120They would break ranks and seek revenge, things like this.
02:33:06.780They thought that Canada was a backwater.
02:33:08.740and uh and france just didn't invest in it and so and i'll end my plane on this and we can move on
02:33:15.460uh as we set up this this picture the anglican tories of upper canada viewed themselves as
02:33:21.680um more hardcore than britain they thought that britain had grown soft with whigs with with
02:33:28.160liberalism and so they would outdo them they would outdo them at their own traditions they
02:33:32.720would become the sword of the empire this kind of um aggressive reactionary um conservatism if the
02:33:39.800british would not stand and fight against this this scourge this plague of liberal republicanism
02:33:46.000then they would do it and they'd be you know well yeah i just want to say it's it's very important
02:33:50.780they just said that i'm sorry to just i feel like we're building a picture but it's also to answer
02:33:55.500your initial question of how it's taught in schools because in my recollection it's taught
02:34:02.580as like it was british versus america as as if it was just another front in the american rev like
02:34:10.320the american revolution is the main story and then this is just a part of britain's pushback
02:34:15.800you mean the napoleonic wars yeah and and also like what what foresack said which is that
02:34:21.620these two things first of all those fighting against america weren't just british soldiers
02:34:28.960that are brought in they'd been living here for quite some if you go back into the the founding
02:34:33.380the building of the maps of canada from jacques cartier and champlain and and many others and
02:34:40.940carving out these trading posts and these people have been settled here for quite some time but
02:34:45.760on top of that and this is never brought up it's everything fortisacs just said about the the not
02:34:52.160an ideological but a spiritual war like the the each side was fundamentally opposed to the other
02:34:58.720and that's not taught in schools at all from what i can remember it's almost seen as just a historical
02:35:04.480quirk or it's it's materialistic or it's about territory but it's it's so much deeper than that
02:35:10.400and that's why that as far as actually just establishing the roots of the war there
02:35:15.200and it goes right into the core of canadian identity and i don't think that's ever been
02:35:19.280resolved um and that's why it's still somewhat ongoing um what what i am kind of curious about
02:35:27.440is how i guess the indian allies of the british during this war are portrayed uh
02:35:35.360Like, in terms of justification for the War of 1812, there's the, most schools emphasize, you know, American sailors being impressed onto British naval ships.
02:35:57.960But what's often downplayed was the tenacity of Tecumseh's Rebellion, the Red Stick War, and the complicity of the British in supplying arms and guidance for the massacre of many American settlers.
02:36:20.920uh but i'm not sure how it's taught in schools in in canada where we're not taught much at all
02:36:31.060uh about this aspect in america no and the canadian government would not go this angle
02:36:37.240in teaching the actual history of the war of 1812 because the implications are just too severe
02:36:42.420for the cultural revolution and the institutions that have been established since the 60s and the
02:36:48.74070s like this completely turns on its head this fiction of canada being this place of always
02:36:56.100becoming um it suggests that there is a definitive canadian people with two polarities it suggests
02:37:02.840that our origins are just as ideological and spiritual as other nations who are born in
02:37:09.500conflict um it is completely against the narrative of canada being a post-national economic zone
02:37:15.360so they would never teach any of this they would never ever go this far into um emphasizing the
02:37:22.920fact that ontario was trying to be warhammer 40k in the 19th century
02:37:28.040um in in terms of i guess being a little bit more specific on the indian question
02:37:38.780like you guys alluded to there are only like 80 000 like anglo like anglos and you know loyalists
02:37:48.880up in upper canada one of the strategies for mitigating american encroachments onto
02:37:55.860onto the frontier was potentially propping up a native american buffer zone in the northwest
02:38:06.460territories um by specific by specifically arming uh tecumseh and his prophet brother in this
02:38:16.100um well it's a it's a reactionary revolt against american settlers settling on the
02:38:24.240in the midwest around indiana and michigan um at the time the american government about
02:38:32.360a third of its budget was uh coming from the sale of this western land and most of our banking
02:38:41.840system was based off of the securities of land speculation deals you know big company buys you
02:38:50.500know a hundred eight hundred thousand acres of land they sell it off to you know smaller scale
02:38:57.920settlers at 10 acre lots and you know buy these big territories wholesale mark up the price for
02:39:06.660the nice cushy settlements and make up the difference in profit but this securities market
02:39:13.680is what's really propping up the american economy especially after we got into all sorts of embargo
02:39:20.880conflicts with you know napoleon and britain um and and i i really want to emphasize like after
02:39:30.280like between i think the statistic the statistic was something like between um you know 1800 and
02:39:38.6601812 like 9 000 american sailors were impressed onto british ships out of a total of like 60 000
02:39:47.480american merchant marine sailmen uh sailors like the scale is pretty it's pretty bleak
02:39:56.000and uh the tenacity and you know viciousness of the indian attacks is it's really quite startling
02:40:04.240um like down south yes like down south um the red sticks uh this is you know in the midpoint
02:40:13.180around the midpoint of the war um the cherokee were basically split into two factions the pro-war
02:40:21.140uh faction that wanted to or there's a pro-peace faction that wanted to integrate with american
02:40:29.740uh with american sellers and to actually settle down and have farms and you know
02:40:36.740have a written language or whatever and then there are the red stick you know reactionaries
02:40:43.280that wanted to return to tribe uh they started by mass by you know killing off their um pro-peace
02:40:53.360uh farming settlements and then they committed the fort men's massacre where they killed about
02:41:00.600uh 250 uh american militiamen and then killed another 250 uh men women or you know women and
02:41:10.940children that were also in the fort and scalped them all they love doing that yeah i love doing
02:41:16.500that up here too and i think 40 made a good point earlier where it's like a good amount of this
02:41:22.320history aside from tecumseh that is uh wallpapered over because i don't think they want the stories
02:41:29.380of what these tribal bands got up to because the allegiances between various groups and then the
02:41:37.720various uh we call them aboriginals up here or natives but i remember aboriginals um because we
02:41:44.740have we have a different problem with indians up here so it's we have to keep a firm demarcation
02:41:50.220between that um i mean the stories you would read um and these these are even covered in modern
02:41:56.060literature like when i was reading about um like the people who basically discovered canada as
02:42:01.880they're trying to discover uh river passage to the west um they had to partner with tribes along the
02:42:08.060way and their relationships tended to be a bit different than those in america but if you read
02:42:13.640the journal entries from maybe not champlain but um like mckenzie yes yes from champlain yeah in
02:42:21.500as far back as i was thinking of uh jack not cartier kind of cartoon not really but champlain
02:42:27.780yes and then um mackenzie yes where like they would partner with like a tribe i think it would0.97
02:42:36.180have been the name escapes me but they're one of they're not crazy like the fucking comanches like0.95
02:42:42.180they were sort of reasonable but they'd just be walking along they'd find a village of women and0.98
02:42:47.440children it's like okay we have to hold on we have to go torture them to death like for just
02:42:51.280no reason and they're describing like all they did was like they would torture everyone for days
02:42:58.600just because that's what you did so it's no doubt in my mind that any average the canadian aboriginal
02:43:05.600tribes even there was one that was pretty consequential which would have been the
02:43:11.920five nations of the algonquin that would probably be the biggest one they were notable because
02:43:16.600you mean they were iroquois oh iroquois sorry yeah iroquois um the algonquin are different but
02:43:22.140the iroquois were making inroads again and they were just decimating every other tribe
02:43:27.320yeah and that's so it's like who are you brokering relationships with this kind of whoever's near you
02:43:33.840and then so the relationships with certain tribes might have been like true savages but yes you
02:43:39.920needed them it's you know like that like cannibalism um human sacrifice and torture
02:43:47.860are not things that you would typically associate with north american history certainly not the
02:43:52.980first nations the way you would i don't know cortez's um cortez's excursions into south
02:44:00.540america but the reality is we actually did have that up here um they did casually torture and
02:44:06.360maim everybody they just came across in fact that is what the beaver wars were that hundred year war
02:44:12.300between the early 1600s to 1700 was just the Iroquois killing beavers to trade for guns so
02:44:19.400that they could exterminate their neighbors which they did yeah see that tribe there it's called the
02:44:24.120neutral tribe and they were remarkable because different tribes had different levels of societal
02:44:29.560advancement and the neutrals were remarkable because they had mastered agriculture because
02:44:35.260they were neutral they didn't want to participate in these wars right so they actually when they
02:44:39.020just came across and they said they were remarkable for actually understanding something
02:44:42.960like agriculture where these other tribes just did not they just migrated with uh the animals
02:44:48.680with the seasons and of course they were utterly decimated like it didn't take long before they
02:44:53.500were just like wiped out well like um you know i have this handy dandy before the beaver wars
02:44:59.540map you know early 1600s and then afterwards um you know around the year 1700 uh the iroquois
02:45:10.040the iroquois didn't actually settle in uh you know pennsylvania and ohio down here they're more
02:45:18.820just empty farming or empty hunting lands that uh they seasonally hunt uh for various pelts around
02:45:28.140there but completely depopulated all these tribes are just either gone or like expelled
02:45:36.220um and you know what this is just a side thing but something i'm going to talk about on blood
02:45:42.520salad because we're going to cover these books that i read on the show as well there's this
02:45:46.700common myth in when you learn about our relationship with aboriginals or indians that
02:45:54.480you know um america was discovered then they left and then they came back a few years later
02:46:00.040and all the villages were empty where there were once these great populations it was completely
02:46:06.360desolate and they say well it must have been all the diseases that the new world brought right
02:46:12.180i'm sure that there was some but once you read the history like it's so fucking obvious that
02:46:18.820these villages were just wiped out by opposing tribes but that's one of the things that they
02:46:23.120they can't introduce that if these there's only something like what 200 000 of them in total
02:46:28.860like north in canada certainly like there wasn't a lot they were all spread out and i was always
02:46:34.700thinking about it's like okay you're saying these villages are banned so it must have been disease
02:46:38.260i'm like well if it was disease there would still be bodies there you would find bones you'd find
02:46:43.640skeletons but there's no one there so maybe they were just captured and enslaved and raped and
02:46:49.500then their tendons ripped out because that's what they did they gouged your eyes out and then would
02:46:54.500cut open your arm and take just take out whatever they found in there and laugh at you that's what
02:46:59.660they did champlain has um champlain has this go on like a few numbers onto this uh the iroquois
02:47:07.640really only had a population of like 30 000 to 40 000 ish between the five tribes like uh
02:47:16.780pennsylvania like down here former sesquahannock there are only about 5 000 natives in this big
02:47:23.520state like almost no one lived in ohio it's just completely depopulated after these brutal wars of
02:47:31.720genocide um and then you know the one the the nice tribes that decided to hey let's put down
02:47:41.500some roots and uh actually you know start farming you know they get massacred by their compatriots
02:47:49.280over and over and over again like we we don't talk about like no one talks about king philip's war
02:47:55.840um when the pilgrim so like mid 1600s you know the pilgrims and puritans have settled massachusetts
02:48:09.080uh in larger and larger numbers and a whole lot of the indians are converting to christianity
02:48:16.320and some are starting to settle down um and this and the nice uh chief that made the first initial
02:48:24.880treaties with the puritans he passes away and his bloodthirsty uh son takes over uh kills
02:48:33.400all of the christian converts and then starts waging you know this bloody uh race war against
02:48:41.340the against the settlers and you know they end up losing but the but at great cost to many many
02:48:51.060puritan towns and you know that was what it was like out west uh right before the war of 1812
02:49:00.500and um and before the war of 1812 kicks off uh tecumseh's confederacy uh loses at the battle
02:49:11.500of tippy canoe and it's discovered that a significant amount of these guns are conveniently
02:49:19.340british made either purchased through uh through trade or just given to them by british agents
02:49:27.880and after dealing with like 20 years of indian wars on the frontiers on the frontier and seeing
02:49:36.500that you know the natives are getting an upper hand by the brits uh to kill americans this
02:49:42.280this enrages a whole lot of people um so on top of the paranoia of you know the british don't
02:49:51.820entirely uh don't entirely respect our neutrality they uh they fire upon an american ship around
02:50:01.180norfolk the uh the uss chesapeake uh down here uh and drag off four of its sailors
02:50:11.260uh hanging one of them who was an actual you know an actual deserter
02:50:15.420um but then kidnapping you know three other americans which wasn't very cool so
02:50:22.760anyone who kind of had a backbone um particularly resented the british in america
02:50:32.360but i i can see how i guess from the canadian perspective many of these upper canadians are
02:50:40.940loyalists who are as you say thrown in altar reactionaries don't particularly like americans
02:50:48.840either um and this buffer state is the closest thing that you can get to you know a buffer
02:50:56.960between you guys and this expanding you know this westward expansion uh that will eventually
02:51:04.780envelop everything i i can see it the total the total victory condition was not achieved in order
02:51:11.320to turn michigan into basically a first nations ethnostate um but i do find it interesting that
02:51:17.560the americans would copy the idea with the trail of tears when they tried to relocate all of the
02:51:22.400remaining first nations up there it seems that it ended up kind of happening anyway i don't know
02:51:29.520what happened to those first nations in the in the succeeding years but but i do know that that that
02:51:34.380forced relocation was supposed to kind of recreate that plan as a kind of sort of buffer zone sort
02:51:40.540of neutral territory between the two well well uh for the oklahoma territory um what happened was
02:51:49.500out of these uh these sort of five civilized tribes in this american south um in order to
02:51:58.220sort of jumpstart the american economy after we killed our central bank we had a sort of
02:52:04.680liquidity crisis and we needed to stimulate the economy so these dastardly engines who
02:52:14.480you know just uh 10 years earlier and rose up and killed a whole bunch of settlers you know
02:52:20.880seize their land and ship them out to uh oklahoma out here which is
02:52:28.160interesting yeah it's like red right yeah like red around here um but then we just you know
02:52:40.620privatize that land later on anyways so it didn't really go it didn't really work out too much for
02:52:47.500um i guess in terms of the course of the war and how it affected canada in particular
02:52:57.280uh there are three major fronts in on the canadian border right uh there are about
02:53:05.1402 000 amer well i know the american figures pretty well there are about 2 000 americans
02:53:11.180at the start of the war in fort detroit uh they're about 2 600 around uh around buffalo
02:53:19.080and then around lake champlain they're about 6 800 um by comparison i think the figure is
02:53:29.180somewhere between like 10 000 12 000 british soldiers on the field uh something like that
02:53:37.040The Native Americans, Tecumseh's force is somewhere between 1,000 and 2,000 soldiers, but those were the major three fronts.
02:53:50.300The main objective for the Americans was, one of the books that I read as research described Canada in its new strategic situation as something like a tree, where the main corridor up here is how all the supplies comes in.
02:54:10.200it's how all of the uh it's where all the population is and the tree has various branches
02:54:16.140that um are sort of side shows as opposed to the main event and if you cut down the tree and take
02:54:26.240montreal uh that's pretty much it for uh for it's the canadian defense like even after the americans
02:54:36.520uh took uh york martin day toronto that was just a supply hub for the rest of the the branches
02:54:44.140in upper canada we could never we could never really take the main trunk around uh around
02:54:50.520montreal french canadians also had their own reasons for fanaticism um in this conflict that
02:55:28.180them um into a trauma response where they would rather ally with the anglican british than become
02:55:35.140subjects or subordinates to new york new england puritans and so they were very very aggressively
02:55:41.780opposed to them and this also goes back to the quebec act because the british um tolerated the
02:55:50.180exist once they acquired quebec in in the war they left them alone they left the seigneurial
02:55:56.420system alone they left the clergy alone they left those 70 000 uh french canadians alone and the
02:56:03.300american colonists didn't like that because they wanted that land to expand it to particularly
02:56:07.220southern quebec there are a number of towns actually that were founded by um those uh loyalist
02:56:13.300methodists there are still methodist churches in southern quebec uh closer to the border of the us
02:56:18.900uh that were founded by by those initial settlers and uh they hated the puritans too which is
02:56:25.380interesting they they were aggressive in their defense they saw the acadian expulsion not as a
02:56:31.820british thing but specifically as a as a continental thing as a as a um as an american thing now these
02:56:38.920days french canadian national or sorry quebec nationalists and separatists will claim oh it was
02:56:42.980the english it was the british etc um but the reality was that the expulsions were not approved
02:56:48.260of by british authorities it was local militia in new england who decided to round up and and
02:56:54.740disperse the the uh the acadians although in defense of the english at that time of new
02:57:00.720england uh the acadians refused to stop the war and peace was settled and they continued fighting
02:57:06.360um and they also refused to at least proclaim neutrality by swearing allegiance to the crown0.91
02:57:13.420and uh you know they faffoed basically it sucks it's it's a shitty situation for everybody involved0.87
02:57:19.720in that situation but they they kind of did deserve it well one of the ironies is that0.94
02:57:27.320like as you say the quebecois have a particular have particular animus against puritans but
02:57:34.840the actual states that were opposed to war and expansion into canada were yes you know
02:57:42.280we're against exactly new england was like new england almost separated from the u.s over the
02:57:47.140war of 1812 so the the hartford convention is i i don't think it's it's quite that extreme if you
02:58:00.540look into what the the provisions that they actually advocate for uh constitutional reforms
02:58:07.100for uh increasing the threshold for declaring war uh more apportionment better apportionment
02:58:17.120of congressional seats, but the mere fact that later on in the war, in 1815, the war's been
02:58:26.220grinding on for a while, the Federalists of New England meet in Connecticut, this little
02:58:36.080orange CT, they bring up the idea of seceding from the United States, all these orange territories
02:58:46.340up north orange states up north um throughout the war many of the you know new england yankees
02:58:55.740end up supplying the canadians with food and rations and end up you know assisting the brits
02:59:03.660throughout the war um this is the you know when uh jefferson embargoes britain a lot of these
02:59:12.620yankee uh merchants end up smuggling goods into canada anyways uh then you know this is the
02:59:21.940mercantile hub of the u.s yes as opposed to the land like expansionist like western and southern
02:59:30.340states whose economies are based off of mostly land speculation although the cotton uh you know
02:59:39.540cotton gin was invented in i think like the late 1790s and cotton was starting to catch on
02:59:47.380uh as a profitable crop uh it should be noted that slavery was actually starting to die out in the
02:59:54.900south throughout the 1700s uh it was extremely unprofitable the south's economy was turning more
03:00:03.060more into just land speculation and growing like more more investing in in land development rather
03:00:09.920than you know the agricultural commodities market until the congen came along but that that's that's
03:00:18.400i like that that's becoming more popular too like when we had our mutual friend christopher sandbatch
03:00:24.060on our show for the first time years ago that's what he talked about and that's such like a an
03:00:29.920arguing that breaks so many people's mind frames they haven't even considered it that just like
03:00:35.600no like i think the slaves are actually becoming this like an asset class that
03:00:40.720people were just holding on to and didn't know what to do with well well the like the sandbatch
03:00:46.780thesis for uh slavery uh kicking off the american civil war is that we killed the second bank of the
03:00:55.040U.S., which was a central bank that particularly favored northern, very corrupt northern mercantile
03:01:04.560interests and stock jobbers and people who could afford to buy in to buy U.S. bonds at the expense
03:01:16.740of southerners who didn't have access to credit from these northern banks that had bonds from the
03:01:24.200us um but what killing the central bank did was uh the one guarantor of easy credit uh just got
03:01:35.960beheaded and instead uh a bunch of uh bank of england bearings bank bank of rothschild
03:01:45.120they filled in the credit the they started buying up southern credit and would only take
03:01:51.740collateral in slaves uh causing a runaway evaluation of slaves uh at the same time you know
03:02:02.860the the um the market the the market for land crashed because uh
03:02:11.260jackson kind of stole all this southern land from the native americans but the the real estate
03:02:17.980market collapsed uh corn futures kind of shit the bed so the only thing that we actually had to
03:02:25.740collateralize was slaves but that's that's like a sandwich hypothesis we're here to talk about
03:02:33.260war of 1812 um there are several i guess very big early battles right uh for well
03:02:43.340Well, going front by front, the American force in Fort Detroit stuck its pinky into Ontario, ran back home after fearing some Indian attacks, Indian ambushes, and surrendered to Canadian General Isaac Brock after some fast deception.
03:03:09.580um and then this is this is after right after the war breaks out uh second invasion of canada
03:03:19.720uh you know later on in the year uh american regulars tried to storm uh queenston heights
03:03:27.840around around niagara but the militia units that make up the bulk of the army refuse to
03:03:36.400you know cross into canada because uh the militia aren't authorized to exactly go outside of their
03:03:44.400state so um isaac brock is able to send them back packing across the u.s border but he himself dies
03:03:53.840in the process and then the main army up north that's trying to take montreal
03:04:02.380um they engage in i believe one small battle but then just completely collapse and run back home
03:04:12.700and pathetically you know run home with their tails behind them um1.00
03:04:20.340and this uh this very first year um it's a complete shit show for the americans0.99
03:04:29.520um in the next year um there's a major battle of lake erie where a small well where the americans0.94
03:04:41.140just kind of build this navy from scratch and are able to take over lake erie
03:04:47.240after this rather epic battle and put in bay um i didn't put and then afterwards the americans are
03:04:56.320able to uh have access to the lake where they uh you know burn well after an accidental explosion
03:05:04.720happens uh kind of burn down york capital of upper canada and have to you know have to
03:05:13.880evacuate afterwards uh for fear of you know brits coming back to retaliate um
03:05:22.100and i don't believe that there's there are too too many other big battles um across
03:05:31.660canada in 1813 1814 there's a disastrous invasion um the disastrous invasion of
03:05:42.580uh vermont where the brits are beaten back at a battle of lake champlain um
03:05:50.540and i believe the like tecumseh tecumseh ends up passing away and his confederation just
03:05:59.300completely collapses uh meanwhile the battles ck2 moment yeah me like meanwhile down south
03:06:08.560like we like i said earlier the red sticks massacre their own people and start massacring
03:06:14.240settlers um andrew jackson ends up fighting and defeating them um by 1814 the napoleonic wars
03:06:26.420have wrapped up and napoleon is exiled um leaving a bunch of these veterans uh these
03:06:35.800british veterans free to actually retaliate against the americans uh they send a large force
03:06:42.640that ends up uh burning down washington dc uh they're not able to uh take baltimore which is
03:06:52.700over here the the fourth biggest u.s city uh i don't think people realize that washington dc is
03:06:59.920basically like a swamp with like three with like three inns at this point um so baltimore is a
03:07:09.080little bit more of a more of a strategic target um after the brits are they lose their main general
03:07:17.760for this expeditionary force uh they decide either we attack newport up in rhode island or
03:07:25.940uh trying to take new orleans they end up invading new orleans and
03:07:34.060um in a very disastrous battle for the british they decisively lose this battle
03:07:44.540um right before they get new right right before they get news that the the peace treaty had been
03:07:51.800signed um officially ending the war um throughout this war um are there any particular
03:08:02.620uh i guess battles that are venerated that battles that are celebrated or heroes of the
03:08:11.660canadian uh the canadian army i don't think there's much of a canadian navy yes there are
03:08:19.080So as I mentioned, the Battle of Chattagy is a big deal, mainly because Lieutenant Colonel Charles Michel de Salaberry, with only 300 Voltigers supported by about 1,400 Mohawk and Abenaki, like raw recruits, not very skilled, not directly engaged in the front line.
03:08:40.500they're more like suppliers um and his lieutenant colonel george mcdonald whose name was red
03:08:47.500george red obviously for blood salivary expertly chose ground in the woods along the shatagy river
03:08:53.960sort of building abatis which are like felled trees they're used as roadblocks and laying
03:08:58.860ambushes in the dense forests and his men mimicked bugle calls to confuse the americans as they're
03:09:04.960marching down the saint lawrence river to try and take montreal shouting orders in english
03:09:09.360which deceived the U.S. troops into believing British reinforcements were behind them.
03:09:14.480So the Voltigers are 300 Frenchmen yelling in English to confuse and put the Americans under disarray.
03:09:23.180So they attack the flanks using hit-and-run tactics.
03:09:26.640The engagement on October 26 in multiple columns becomes disoriented.
03:09:31.700The Americans take heavy fire from hidden Canadian positions.
03:09:35.760The St. Lawrence is a very difficult place to invade.
03:09:37.760and um they believe themselves to be outnumbered the american force was something like three
03:09:44.940thousand to four thousand troops versus you know three hundred maybe two thousand total canadian
03:09:50.160troops um they took that heavy fire they only lost about 23 people about 33 injured but the
03:09:58.360psychological defeat was massive and it's because of the reason you stated earlier on in this in the
03:10:03.080in the stream which is that montreal is basically the trunk the whole the saint lawrence valley is
03:10:09.080the trunk that supplies everything it's it is the the engine it is the kind of heartland and
03:10:17.160uh shatagui with chrysler's farm as well as lundie's lane um and queenston heights are the
03:10:25.880big ones those are those are kind of like the big decisive battles that you hear mentioned
03:10:30.040in canadian songs because even in the in maple leaf forever which is supposed to be our national
03:10:34.840anthem not oh canada at least the english version mentions queens and heights um and and the
03:10:43.800sacrifices that were entailed there so the u.s never attempted to attack montreal a second time
03:10:49.320during the war salaberry is considered a national hero in quebec and it is a cornerstone of french
03:10:54.440canadian military pride the voltegers of course under that tradition would go on to
03:10:59.960become like the the 22nd regiments also called the vendos or vendors the 22nd regiment was a
03:11:06.440canadian military regiment comprised entirely of french canadians and so they you know spiritually
03:11:12.040inherited that kind of tradition from that region so these are yes these are the two major
03:11:24.440you say that the major uh general figures or the general figures um the major battles
03:11:34.180queenston heights over here as he mentioned yeah the sacrifice of brock and the victory of
03:11:39.980salaberry basically are the two the two big ones that you do hear repeated um in our history if
03:11:45.660they're mentioned at all well i i i see brock as sort of um i'm trying to think of like what the
03:11:52.780the best analogy would be for him in american history um
03:12:00.780like we really don't have too many generals that just die tragically um like maybe like there's
03:12:08.940some analogy from the civil war when you know the life expectancy of brigadier generals was not
03:12:15.580particularly um particularly high um out of the americans that actually invaded canada
03:12:26.380like the only general or the only the only commander that or the only two commanders that
03:12:32.380were actually the three that are really is notable um there's a first crop of officers
03:12:41.420who begin uh the war in charge a lot of them are i guess uh doddering old uh you know american0.99
03:12:55.100revolutionary war veterans uh politically connected uh idiots and you know in one case0.99
03:13:05.340with a general uh wilkinson you know spanish spies uh and after this initial crop is replaced1.00
03:13:14.720after the disastrous for after the disastrous uh first year you end up with figures like
03:13:21.240winfield scott uh henry harrison and um oliver hazard perry who end up you know becoming
03:13:30.480much more legendary figures um although no one in america or american public schools really
03:13:39.500knows these particular names jackson kind of hogs the the spotlight
03:13:44.260so we're we're getting into sort of the the impact of the aftermath of the war of 1812 which
03:13:51.420is probably the most important part of it everything like say like the war is the war
03:13:57.260but like 70 percent of the profundity in the changes in canadian society happen in the succeeding
03:14:03.500years in the immediate succeeding years um you see brock elevated to this the level of like
03:14:09.020hector of troy he's kind of this like heroic figure who dies on the battlefield and achieves
03:14:14.800victory um they cultivated this myth of heroic loyalty the men who kind of stand to defend the
03:14:23.080province as earlier loyalists had left everything to uphold their kind of oaths um there's one
03:14:28.520post-war account that loads the original loyalists rather than submit to successful rebellion they
03:14:32.720forsook the land of their forefathers their homes their families in many instances their friends
03:14:37.120and all they hit her to held the deer upon the earth loyalty was earned in 1812 as it had been
03:14:43.460by the original loyalists in 1776 and the tory elite in particular john strakan who is an enigmatic
03:14:51.940figure in canadian history people don't realize the extent of how influential this person was
03:14:56.100john stracan was an anglican bishop and he was basically a prince bishop like pretty much a
03:15:02.180european style prince bishop and everything but name um and so they used the victory of 1812 and
03:15:08.580they believed it was a victory because they defend they successfully defended the colony
03:15:12.660maybe they didn't achieve the total victory of having you know secured michigan and and
03:15:18.340using it as a buffer zone um but defense of what they had already built since the
03:15:23.380revolutionary war was was deemed such and so yeah um all of the the veterans were also rewarded
03:15:32.420this is something else too that that i wanted to to impress upon uh on you too like the first
03:15:38.760people to claim the land in ontario were actually soldiers they were loyalist soldiers um with the
03:15:43.760biggest acreages of land given to the officers and to the generals. So you have this very
03:15:50.600paternalistic, very hierarchical society kind of developing. And you see this continuity of
03:15:57.200loyalist identity. The loyalist ethos remains a touchstone of upper Canadian identity and
03:16:01.620politics for decades later. John Strakan's associate, J.S. Cartwright, who is the son of
03:16:06.200a prominent loyalist, still implores citizens to remember their forebears. Excuse me, sir, for
03:16:11.060these noble canadians they chose to found a home in the wilderness under the sanction and
03:16:15.000protection of their sovereign rather than remain citizens of a nation whom they regard as rebels
03:16:19.780such reverence for loyalist past this is from my notes that i that i wrote a long time ago
03:16:24.980and calculate the noble sentiments and principles for which they contended
03:16:28.640the founders or the father's sentiments and loyalty obedience and sacrifice were held up
03:16:34.760as the sheet anchor of a conservative government in the colony so being a loyalist in ontario
03:16:39.640evolved from a literal descriptor as war refugees into a proud cultural identity synonymous with
03:16:45.180devotion to king and and and throne and altar so like they turned this they really they really
03:16:51.900solidified this i also want to just focus on the crackdown because the crackdown is is very very
03:16:58.240canadian and it's in its uh attitude and its implementation and i'm just gonna so they just
03:17:07.780So there was a crackdown against dissenters.
03:17:09.940There was a crackdown against moderates, people who wanted peace much earlier on.
03:17:16.580Presbyterians, Baptists and Methodists in particular were targeted because they were seen as being most of them were actually American late loyalists.
03:17:25.320They're American colonists moving up into the new territory.
03:17:28.820The Tory elite were concerned with internal purges.
03:17:31.220they were concerned with this corrupting influence from within spreading and metastasizing and so
03:17:38.580there was an exclusion never heard of this uh yes oh yeah oh yeah so there was an exclusion of the
03:17:44.520disloyal um the anglican tory elite drew sharp lines around who counted as part of the loyal
03:17:51.000community and immediately after the war of 1812 these policies were implemented to marginalize or
03:17:55.620control residents in a dubious alliance, specifically American immigrants. And in 1814
03:18:01.240to 1816, the government requires loyalty oaths from inhabitants and denying patronage, which is
03:18:07.380jobs, land grants, and so forth to Americans. The influx of American settlers was curtailed by
03:18:12.380official discrimination. By 1817 and 1818, Attorney General Robinson went further, delivering a legal
03:18:18.940opinion that all U.S.-born residents who had not sworn allegiance were aliens in law, unable to
03:18:24.020vote hold land or office and this sparked the protracted alien question debate but it illustrates
03:18:29.360that the tory principle that loyalty was a prerequisite for rights are you seeing some
03:18:35.260parallels in in modern canadians when you think about the convoy and how canadians acted towards
03:18:41.980that at least uh people who are pro-government at that time well does that sound does that sound
03:18:48.420familiar i mean uh cracking down on i guess how do you say what what i'm trying to what i'm trying
03:18:56.320to say is that descent i guess yes what i'm trying to say is that we are an authoritarian people
03:19:01.500like we are we are a very authoritarian people by american standards and this goes all the way
03:19:06.880back to our founding all the way back to the the very seeds ideological spiritual political
03:19:12.780of the Canadian people in both upper and lower Canada.
03:19:17.900Christopher Hagerman complained that it was a disgrace
03:19:20.940that American-born residents were placed on equal footing
03:19:23.960with a loyal population under some laws.
03:19:27.060The Tory press formulated at the idea that men like Barnabas Bidwell,
03:19:30.500who is an American, might claim equal privileges with disloyal Americans.
03:19:34.260It also meant that the War of 1812 and its veterans were continually venerated.
03:19:38.540They had shed blood for the province and thus earned political capital,
03:19:42.060whereas these newcomers did not so yeah you see tory mythologizing you see the legitimacy or the
03:19:49.980legitimizing of the government and the oligarchy who uh had at that point been struggling with
03:19:56.420desire for more representation among the population there were some people who are like
03:20:01.160hey listen we're fine with this paternalist system this hierarchical system but also
03:20:04.780maybe we could have some wiggle room um they use it to crack down on moderates they basically use
03:20:10.340it as a politically legitimizing event and you still see that permeate in Canadian society today
03:20:18.160you you see that that fear of internal disorder that necessity to purge dissidents and you know
03:20:26.540spies traitors so on and so forth the need for hierarchy the need for order and you really see
03:20:33.820the the emergence of the canadian national value of order kind of come up here um is so during it
03:20:42.740like i guess proceeding and immediately afterwards uh for the war of 1812 uh kata had something of
03:20:52.320a siege mentality right whether more british than the actual british verbatim siege mentality is is
03:21:00.520how launch ariel was yes um did so i guess did this siege mentality uh moderate or become diluted
03:21:14.380over time or were there various i guess increases in public uh public public crackdowns on on
03:21:26.660antisocial behavior um i would say it's a bit of both kind of like ebb and flow it's it is an ebb
03:21:33.940and flow because to say that the the canadian character is purely authoritarian would be
03:21:38.280incorrect it's not entirely true but there is a streak there in canadian conservatism and in
03:21:43.420canadian conservatives um that is sort of foundational in a way that it is not in the
03:21:49.280united states or in france or in the modern united kingdom and what you'd see especially
03:21:53.560around the confederation years with the slow trickle of methodists and baptists uh many of
03:22:00.160them from the united states in fact most of them from the united states um you'd see this
03:22:06.540so they would try to bring these liberal and republican ideals into ontario and they would
03:22:13.100be forced due to all of the loyalty shit tests and the government crackdowns to frame their0.93
03:22:19.020arguments under like whig british constitutionalism because they couldn't just come all out go full0.98
03:22:25.940blown you know screw the king we're a republic now they just couldn't do this um especially after
03:22:33.080the lower and upper canada rebellions had been crushed the upper and lower canada rebellions
03:22:39.260being crushed was kind of like the the end of the discussion for liberal republicanism for
03:22:43.980liberalism for revolutionary fervor the government was yet again uh legitimized the the authorities
03:22:50.080were yet again legitimized and this the uh the revolution or the rebellion of uh 18 was it 37
03:22:58.200i believe yeah upper the the upper and lower canada rebellions it was bigger in lower canada
03:23:03.420which is now quebec there was a smaller one with this guy named mackenzie this psycho uh fleeing
03:23:09.540to an island somewhere in the great lakes and continuing the war and the americans actually
03:23:14.000took him out which is really funny um just like republican inspired by the lower canada rebellion
03:23:21.420he got a bunch of hunters lodges which were americans sympathetic to the idea of uh of
03:23:27.940annexing canada he got he allied with these sort of rogue american uh hunters lodges and hunting
03:23:34.060groups and whatever they tried to attack um the government they tried to take this island eventually
03:23:38.900the american authorities were like what are you doing stop like we we just signed a peace treaty
03:23:44.680can you please not do this and they arrested mckenzie so um like uh i remember there's also
03:23:52.660like um was it the famous like caroline affair where we had an american smuggler tried to like
03:24:00.020ship guns to your rebels and uh i think it was like the ship was eventually like seized and like
03:24:09.300thrown off niagara falls something yes something like that yeah yeah you're you're absolutely right
03:24:15.040i do also recall that around this exact same time you know 1830 i think it's 36 there's the
03:24:23.820black hawk war out in uh you know the american midwest uh where they're called like the british
03:24:31.800band they were like a band of like former like canadian allies during the war of 1812 that
03:24:40.280you know just loved killing uh settlers uh broke out into open conflict but after the war of 1812
03:24:49.600canadian support for the indians and their uh their resistance against the americans kind of
03:24:55.980dried up formally um like there were still incidents like you know sort of rogue british
03:25:06.040arms dealers supplying the seminoles of east florida or you know black hawk war where
03:25:13.080you know the former allies of the brits um and uh you know instigating wars against the americans
03:25:21.880um there's a you know i don't have i don't have a cuba on here
03:25:27.860british uh gun smugglers getting guns to cuban slaves to instigate slave revolts
03:25:36.080um british uh arms dealers arming the cults of the uh i think it's the cult of like the
03:25:43.680it's like the the stick cross something like that in yucatan and in mexico you know that sounds
03:25:52.020about right yeah our arming um you know wild jungle indians to to kill you know what what
03:25:59.720how few like white mexicans there were back then you have um on the american side with this you
03:26:06.760have the fenian raids yes uh i do actually remember posting about this um it's like a
03:26:16.600uh sorry i gotta head out guys sorry to interrupt yeah it's all right uh we're just wrapping up
03:26:24.760anyways but if you have to dip you know thank you so much for for coming in uh dimes all right
03:26:30.620thank great stream guys had a great time i'll talk to you both later all right next time uh i i do
03:26:37.240have uh yeah i found it it's um you know eerie maritime museum you know the immediately after
03:26:45.820the civil war these during the civil war america kind of imported half of ireland to fight in the
03:26:54.460war yes um and after the war all of these sort of armed like veterans of the civil war were like
03:27:03.700hey let's um let's let let's come up with this this this is a this is a brilliant plan uh we
03:27:13.060seize canada and then we use it as a bargaining chip to you know to to have a free and independent
03:27:22.020ireland you know we'll trade sea backsies i mean it's look it's one of those ideas that's so crazy
03:27:29.920that it might actually work you know um but uh what i find the fenian raid fascinating because
03:27:37.680the relationship with the irish in canada versus what they did in the states is very very different
03:27:43.680and at this point you had already had so canada received something like 800 000 irish settlers
03:27:49.860throughout the 19th century a good chunk of them arrived before the fenian raid
03:27:54.760and most of the irish to canada were either northern irish they were either olsterman
03:28:01.780or they were catholic loyalists they were a very rare breed of people from the rep
03:28:07.300from southern ireland from catholic ireland who believed in in loyalty towards the the crown
03:28:14.840um thomas darcy mcgee one of our fathers of confederation was himself a catholic irishman
03:28:21.680and you don't have this same hostility between anglo-americans and irish americans uh emerging
03:28:29.140in canada the irish were kind of wholesomely amalgamated into broader anglo-canadian identity
03:28:33.380eventually they just disappeared uh with the exception of cape breton cape breton is a
03:28:37.880distinctively very gaelic island very small island in the maritimes they they maintain that that
03:28:43.540celtic identity very strongly um you can make that same case for newfoundland but what's fascinating
03:28:49.100is that the iris just became anglo-canadian they just kind of assimilated in the u.s you have like
03:28:54.820gangs of new york for years for years and years well we we had uh you know more of i guess so
03:29:03.020sort of ethnic enclave kind of situation in in northern cities in particular um it's
03:29:13.140you know i i think you're out in the frontier things are a lot easier to i mean it's a lot
03:29:22.820easier to assimilate when you know you have three neighbors uh and you know you're in a relatively
03:29:32.380you know sort of a sort of survivalist state right where yeah where you actually have to yeah
03:29:38.980i was gonna say too like the presence of the french changes everything and it it changed
03:29:46.040canada and put it in a trajectory that australia and the united states would not go through
03:29:51.140which for a number of profound and and almost incalculable reasons namely the presence of
03:29:57.360another european people with a different language and religious denomination living right next to
03:30:02.800and the implications of having to live with that and the irish became the glue between anglo and
03:30:10.580french canada namely that 15 of all of the 800 000 irish settlers actually married into french
03:30:17.580canadian families and what they would do is they would mix their their english language with
03:30:22.640catholicism because they were english speaking but they were catholic they could communicate
03:30:27.280and liaison between Anglo-Scottish Protestants