David Cayley is the author of a new book about the CBC, "The CBC: How Canada's Public Broadcaster Lost Its Voice and How It Can Get It Back." He spent more than 30 years working for the organization, including stints as a radio host and producer.
00:02:11.080My argument is that that era is coming to an end, perforce, because of the segmentation, the fragmentation, and the divisions within the audience.
00:02:26.420The CBC's move in the 60s was towards the audience.
00:18:29.500I think it needs to be more formal in a sense that I hope doesn't mean stuffy or withdrawn, but simply standing back so that it is not identified with this or that fraction or fragment.
00:18:47.000I think it needs to be more questioning because I think there are real questions and that the question does open a real question opens a path.
00:19:13.160And when we come back, you do spend a chapter in the book talking about and taking CBC to task for how they handled one of the biggest events in all of our lifetimes from late, that being the COVID-19 pandemic.
00:19:26.720We'll come to that when we're back right after this.
00:19:29.700This is Tristan Hopper, the host of Canada Did What?, where we unpack the biggest, weirdest, and wildest political moments in Canadian history you thought you knew and tell you what really happened.
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00:19:51.520So, David, you talk about CBC as the place where things should have been noticed during the COVID-19 pandemic, where things should have been talked about.
00:20:02.920And in your assessment, CBC was not treating that issue, which dominated headlines for two and a half years, the way that you've just described how they should be withdrawn, questioning, thoughtful.
00:20:21.820They weren't any of those things in the pandemic, were they?
00:20:27.960I would say most of the media was not.
00:20:30.200No, I mean, the CDC was not exceptional, but neither did it do any of the things you just said.
00:20:37.520I remember as a journalist who did question our public health officials for some of the things that they did, as you note, early on, and I was there for those news conferences, we were told masks don't work.
00:20:54.240And then it was, well, you can't leave your home without them.
00:20:57.560As someone that would question what the public health officials were saying as a working journalist, I can tell you that it was not well received by my media colleagues to say anything that wasn't in line with the official statements of the day.
00:21:15.720Should CBC have done more to look at the claims, the questions that others were putting out, rather than just parroting the government?
00:21:30.700Yes, I think I would answer that with an unequivocal yes.
00:21:47.380When all about you are losing their heads and blaming it on you, as Rudyard Kipling says.
00:21:53.400Yeah, I mean, I read by John Yanidis on a reputable source in March 2020 an essay saying that if people didn't wait and find out what this is before acting decisively, a fiasco would ensue.
00:22:22.860John Yanidis was professor of medicine at Stanford.
00:22:29.620He was an eminent medical statistician.
00:22:32.960He had virtually touched off the so-called replication crisis in science with an article some years before saying that most scientific studies couldn't be replicated.
00:22:45.260Unitas is one example of many voices that spoke in 2020.
00:22:54.900Another was Richard Chabas, who was the former chief medical officer of health in Ontario.
00:23:01.780He'd been 10 years in that position in the late 80s and into the 90s.
00:23:06.680He had been absolutely prescient during the first SARS crisis.
00:23:13.520So he was a man, an elder, and an eminent figure in the field who should have been attended to, who went on CBC News Network on March 20th, 2020,
00:23:27.380and gave an interview which was thoughtful, but which raised questions about the policy of lockdown specifically.
00:23:36.080That interview was removed that same day.
00:23:41.540Letters were sent from the head of that section of CBC News World to the relevant people saying he must never have Chabas on again.
00:23:51.680And he's the equivalent of a climate change denier.
00:23:57.520That was already a well-established scarecrow.
00:26:00.620Its statutory obligation is to enlighten the people of Canada.
00:26:07.020I had the broadcasting act, asked it to enlighten the people of Canada as well as entertain them.
00:26:15.820You mentioned a couple of times you've mentioned or alluded to tribalism and, well, if someone I don't like believes that, then I must believe something else.
00:26:27.000When Travis Danraj had his show on CBC News Network, Canada Tonight, he wanted to bring together people of various positions and just let them be authentic as they debated issues of the day.
00:26:47.800And, you know, I remember going on with Sheila Cobbs and Guritan Singh, the brother of Jagmeet Singh and former New Democrat MPP here in Ontario.
00:27:03.720And the simple fact of my name being mentioned on CBC was enough for people to write in and complain.
00:27:11.080I mean, there is a demand by some in the audience to say we don't want to hear certain voices.
00:27:22.060As the national public broadcaster, how wide should CBC, whether it is the pandemic or politics or anything else,
00:27:32.280how wide should CBC be looking to go in terms of who they bring on, who they profile, who the audience sees and hears from?
00:27:44.440Well, I think it should be utterly Catholic.
00:27:49.200So you're using that in the term universal?
00:27:51.460I'm sorry, I'm leaning heavily on that word today.
00:28:02.280And, you know, accepting opinions that are, that violate the law and intend to destroy the very forum that, in which they're participating.
00:28:17.280But I think there should be a public forum in which all opinions are welcome.
00:28:29.620It doesn't mean the CBC has to suffer fools gladly or do extensive interviews with people who think Bill Gates has two heads or whatever the case may be.
00:28:53.380It, it, um, uh, but, but yeah, Travis Danrage would, uh, would post on social media that I was coming on and his inbox would immediately be filled with protest.
00:29:06.740So, I, to me, the, the way to unlock this, uh, is it, it's a mode of thinking, I think, uh, because you, you have to see that there are questions here.
00:29:25.800So, if, uh, if a vaccine that has been tested for a few months, uh, very scantily is proclaimed to be safe and effective, something has been said, which is beyond knowing.
00:29:45.700There's, there has to be questions about it.
00:29:48.280You can't introduce a brand new technology, which is not really properly vaccination at all, but a new procedure by which you manufacture the antigen within the body of the recipient.
00:30:03.440And then what you just simply, there are questions in which you simply don't have evidence at all.
00:30:10.720And then say that it's going to be this way.
00:30:38.140And then, well, AstraZeneca was quickly pulled after a whole pile of people got it because they determined it was no longer safe and effective.
00:30:46.600Um, so, I mean, yeah, we should have been questioning all along.
00:30:51.880Some, some folks were, but most were not.
00:30:54.020No, I mean, yeah, you, you, I think, saw it as, perhaps I did as, as a, as a, as some, a somewhat totalitarian regime was, was introduced worldwide.
00:31:10.760And, uh, it, uh, it was surprising to me how little it alarmed people on the left, uh, that that was the case.
00:31:21.980Uh, so, yeah, but, but the, but the fundamental thing is not who's right, uh, but that there is a question.
00:31:33.220And the question, I mean, there are limits to knowledge and there are, uh, uh, opinions that are founded ultimately in conviction, in faith.
00:31:50.300Um, there isn't, I think, you know, one of the most pernicious things which has the CBC in its grip is the myth of science, which, uh, would, which emerged during the pandemic, in my opinion, as it, it declared itself as a myth.
00:32:13.600Uh, uh, i.e. there is a correct, ascertainable, and unanimous opinion that's possible to put forward on a subject about which you know next to nothing because it's just happened.
00:32:29.860Uh, and to be able to carry conviction, uh, that you're following science, that's, that's a, a really peculiar situation, I think.
00:33:19.300Uh, and, and, and, and then it, you know, it, it became, well, we can only trust these scientists.
00:33:26.140And if you have other views, you, you mentioned Dr. Jay Bhattacharya and the Great Barrington, uh, declaration.
00:33:31.800These were all smart and accomplished people who were, uh, shunned and ridiculed.
00:33:37.880I mean, just mentioning Great Barrington, uh, declaration on CBC was kind of, um, uh, you know, just, uh, an offhand code for people that shouldn't be listened to.
00:33:49.860I know, which is very strange, really, given the eminence of the three, uh, people who made the declaration, and given the fact that what they said was essentially the conventional wisdom, uh, in public health.
00:34:07.080Uh, up till, uh, sometime in February, 2020, when it miraculously, suddenly, and seemingly unanimously changed a very interesting thing, uh, to, to meditate on.
00:35:46.500And to overcome this crisis of trust, uh, I think we're, we're in a, whether or not the future of humanity is at stake, which arguably it is and has been ever since Hiroshima, uh, whatever you think about the dangers of climate change.
00:36:10.500I think we're in a, uh, uh, a period of world revolution, right?
00:36:18.340That what we have called modernity, or a lot of people don't use that word because it's a fancy word, but the, the modern period is, is under challenge.
00:36:32.180What we mean by science is under challenge.
00:36:37.380Um, what is right and true is under challenge.
00:36:43.340Uh, it, I, I don't think we can at all foresee the future.
00:36:51.660Uh, I just think the CBC can give better counsel than it does.
00:36:59.560And it does have a statutory mandate to be a counselor to the country.
00:37:07.340So let, let me end on this then, David.
00:37:09.740Um, you've got CBC radio, you've got CBC television, you've got a changing media landscape.
00:37:16.320You've got a government that has given it more money.
00:37:19.120Supporters of CBC would argue not still not enough that it's, uh, needs to be funded at a higher level, but.
00:37:24.700Uh, I don't see that coming along more than 150 million that was just given in the budget.
00:37:31.780But how do you, how do you structure or run CBC, um, that does have this statutory mandate through the Broadcasting Act that was set up before the age of the internet, before the age of the smartphone?
00:37:46.720How do you run CBC going forward as a public broadcaster that is forward facing to the whole country in, in this changing landscape?
00:37:58.660It's, it's a big question, I know, but what are your thoughts?
00:38:02.220Well, I have no idea, uh, I, in detail.
00:38:05.940Well, I, I, I, I think probably I'm counseling greater wisdom and I, I don't, uh, where's wisdom to be found?
00:38:17.300I think it begins with the mode of thought, with how you think about the task that you have, how you think about the country that you're to serve, how you think about the audience, how you think about the question of vaccination or the question of euthanasia or the question of anything else that divides people, right?
00:38:46.600And, and, and how you see, um, so I think fundamental questioning has to start, uh, and I think that, I mean, in a chapter called, um, living in the question, I've put forward the views of essentially a German philosopher called Hans-Georg Gadamer, who says the path of all knowledge leads
00:39:16.420through the question, what he means is that a real question, which has to be a real question, right?
00:39:25.820You don't know the answer to it in advance, opens a way, it opens a path.
00:39:32.520Uh, if you knew what the path was, it wouldn't be a real question.
00:39:37.480Uh, if you knew the way, you wouldn't need to ask a question.
00:39:41.240Uh, I think there, it has to begin in questioning and then the path emerges.
00:39:50.540I don't think you can do it the other way around.
00:39:54.340There's no blueprint for a new era at the CBC.
00:39:57.680There wasn't a blueprint for the second era.
00:40:00.180Uh, when, when, when seven days made their revolution, they didn't have this country in the morning in mind necessarily, or a morning sign or anything that was good in, in, in the new order, the new regime.
00:41:48.240There wasn't even an act of parliament.
00:41:50.380This whole thing is due to a somewhat surprised decision out of the Supreme Court of Canada.
00:41:55.060And it came about in large part because of one man, a Canadian doctor who had been relentless about running illegal abortion clinics since the 1960s and was determined to overturn the laws prohibiting the practice.
00:42:07.380Along the way, he endured multiple arrests, constant raids, a jail term, a firebombing of his clinic, an attack by a fanatic wielding garden shears, the approbation of virtually his entire profession, and frequent death threats.
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