Full Comment - March 04, 2022


Report from inside Ukraine under attack


Episode Stats

Length

34 minutes

Words per Minute

186.64195

Word Count

6,512

Sentence Count

321

Misogynist Sentences

1

Hate Speech Sentences

17


Summary

For this episode, we re joined by a reporter on the ground in Ukraine to break down what life is like in a country under brutal invasion. What are the people saying, what do they hope will happen next, and is Putin going to get what he wants? Or is the people of Ukraine going to prevail?


Transcript

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00:01:20.060 Hi, I'm Anthony Fury.
00:01:25.240 Thanks for joining us for the latest episode of Full Comet.
00:01:27.780 Please consider subscribing if you haven't already.
00:01:29.820 Last episode, General Tom Lawson, the former head of the Canadian Armed Forces,
00:01:34.340 joined us to give us a big-picture look at the war in Ukraine from a military perspective.
00:01:39.120 For this episode, we're joined by a reporter on the ground in Ukraine
00:01:42.300 to break down what life is like right now living in a country under brutal invasion.
00:01:47.680 What are the people saying?
00:01:49.180 What do they hope will happen next?
00:01:50.940 What do they think will happen next?
00:01:52.480 And is Putin going to get what he wants?
00:01:55.020 Or is the inspiring pushback we've seen from the people of Ukraine going to ultimately prevail?
00:02:00.400 Freelance journalist and Eastern European affairs expert Neil Howard joins us now.
00:02:04.420 He's been writing for Post Media and also his bylines with CNN,
00:02:07.980 The Atlantic, Foreign Policy, and many other publications.
00:02:11.280 Hey, Neil, great to have you.
00:02:12.440 Welcome to the show.
00:02:13.520 Hey, thanks so much for having me.
00:02:14.660 Yeah, thanks for joining us.
00:02:16.140 You've got such a fascinating and important and obviously alarming story to tell
00:02:21.540 about what's going on there right now.
00:02:23.400 And I want to hear what you're hearing from others.
00:02:26.500 But I also want to hear just about your situation right now.
00:02:29.020 Tell us where are you right now and where were you a week ago?
00:02:33.180 And what has been your travels in Ukraine the past couple of weeks?
00:02:37.640 Right.
00:02:37.820 So right now I'm in the city of Lviv, which is the capital of Western Ukraine,
00:02:42.580 and about 70 kilometers from the border with Poland.
00:02:47.460 So this is sort of the terminus for everyone fleeing the rest of the country,
00:02:51.220 trying to get to Poland, Hungary, Slovakia, et cetera.
00:02:54.860 And, you know, I'm in a cafe right now as the city is pretty overrun
00:02:58.400 with displaced people that are on their way to becoming refugees.
00:03:02.960 And, you know, I've been here in Lviv for the last four days now.
00:03:08.000 After fleeing Kiev myself, I was in Kiev.
00:03:11.660 I arrived in Ukraine a little over a month ago,
00:03:13.220 and I was in Kiev when the war started a week ago today, last Thursday,
00:03:19.040 with cruise missile strikes on the Ukrainian capital about 5 a.m. local time,
00:03:24.600 and spent the next two days in Kiev, you know, hearing, you know, missile strikes,
00:03:30.180 the first missile strikes each night.
00:03:32.000 And then on the second day, even small arms gunfire from our apartment in downtown Kiev
00:03:37.280 as Russian special forces had entered the city.
00:03:40.460 And then on Saturday, managed to get on one of the trains still leaving,
00:03:44.760 scrambling aboard there with everyone else.
00:03:46.220 And since then I've been in Western Ukraine.
00:03:47.900 Wow. I mean, I can't imagine what that was like.
00:03:52.400 Those of us over here in Canada, I mean, we remember that evening
00:03:56.220 when the military operation, as Putin calls it, had started.
00:03:59.400 And we were, I guess it was like 10 p.m., 11 p.m. our time.
00:04:02.200 And I remember just watching on Twitter and, you know, they call it doom scrolling
00:04:04.960 and seeing in real time, okay, this missile has hit and there's this explosion
00:04:10.200 and you're watching, you're going, wow, can't believe I'm watching the live streaming
00:04:14.340 of the commencement of this war, but you were watching it literally from an apartment window.
00:04:20.340 I know there was a number of weeks, I guess, months of will Putin, won't he,
00:04:24.480 what will happen, how's it going to be?
00:04:26.040 What was it like in that actual moment that waking up at 5 a.m.
00:04:30.200 and it actually happening right in front of you?
00:04:32.860 Yeah. I mean, it was all sort of this slow buildup here over a period of months.
00:04:37.720 I mean, I came to Ukraine for that reason.
00:04:40.320 I lived on super far away in Armenia, about a three-hour flight away from Kiev.
00:04:44.340 And so I came here as that buildup was happening and then watching it.
00:04:49.240 And then, you know, there was still a sense that here that thing that, you know,
00:04:53.800 people downplayed the possibility that who could imagine a full-scale invasion from Russia,
00:04:59.360 the largest country in Europe, just launching a full invasion of the second largest country in Europe.
00:05:03.740 But the mood definitely changed here starting Monday last week after Putin gave that speech
00:05:09.040 where he ended up recognizing the two separatist republics.
00:05:11.660 And then people began to understand, OK, this is something different.
00:05:14.300 This is really looking bad.
00:05:16.160 And then, yeah, suddenly at 5 a.m.
00:05:20.420 Kiev time on that Wednesday, it was, you know, the first explosions over the course of the next two hours,
00:05:28.980 probably 15 or so, as the cruise missiles hit the capital.
00:05:33.320 And yeah, wild stuff.
00:05:34.620 What was the immediate reaction from individuals?
00:05:39.180 Was it, I mean, we've seen those videos of obviously children hunkered in subway systems, in shelters,
00:05:45.260 some of those happening, you know, days after things began, you know, pictures of some people screaming.
00:05:49.500 But we've also seen pictures of normalcy in terms of someone with a briefcase,
00:05:54.280 seemingly wherever that person was going, walking to work or what have you,
00:05:57.000 with in the background of a CNN report or some sort of live stream.
00:06:01.060 So there's, there's, yeah, what were people doing with their regular day?
00:06:06.040 I mean, pretty much as soon as it happened in Kiev, life changed very dramatically immediately.
00:06:11.540 I mean, that first day, Thursday, it was already, you know, the streets largely empty,
00:06:17.280 still a few people out and about, but most shops closed.
00:06:20.580 Bank machines were not working, most of them.
00:06:23.060 And the ones that did severely limited the amount of money you could withdraw.
00:06:25.900 And, you know, even then, just walking down the street in central Kiev,
00:06:31.380 about 3 p.m., suddenly the air raid siren goes off and everyone has to run to the nearest, the nearest shelter.
00:06:39.700 And so the daily life, you know, people still going about it a little bit,
00:06:45.220 but it changed very rapidly into, you know, just sort of a desolate environment, really, in Kiev.
00:06:50.600 Now, being in the most Western city, further removed from the most acute points of military action,
00:06:57.400 what is it like day to day?
00:06:58.580 I know you're in a cafe right now.
00:07:00.180 Are people just in the cafe to do as you're doing, sort of to talk to other people about the situation
00:07:05.720 and people connecting with loved ones?
00:07:07.640 Or are there people just chilling out, hanging out?
00:07:09.640 Is there a daily life going on in Lviv right now?
00:07:12.440 Yeah, there is certainly some semblance of daily life happening here.
00:07:15.520 I mean, there is curfew at 10 p.m., so you have to be off the streets by then,
00:07:20.140 and that means most things close around 8 or 9.
00:07:24.000 But, you know, a lot of places aren't open, but there is still, you know,
00:07:28.140 but in the daylight hours here, some semblance of daily life going on as well.
00:07:32.660 I mean, there's very few places to stay in the city.
00:07:35.600 You know, most residences are clogged up with people fleeing the rest of the country,
00:07:41.280 but at the same time, you know, it's a massively different scene here than it was in Asia-Tia.
00:07:46.860 There's, of course, been a lot of concerns about civilian injuries, civilian fatalities,
00:07:52.680 war crimes basically going on based on how Putin is conducting this, quote-unquote, operation.
00:07:59.620 What are you seeing?
00:08:00.720 What are you hearing from that perspective?
00:08:03.060 I mean, absolutely.
00:08:03.880 Like, it opened, I think, with a lot less of just the shock and awe that most people were,
00:08:10.100 most military experts had expected, where they met, you know, just a massive barrage all across Ukraine.
00:08:16.100 And it was more restrained in those early hours.
00:08:18.480 But then, especially in the last few days after the Russians seemingly,
00:08:24.320 Putin really thought that this would be over in two or three days,
00:08:26.720 that they would just walk into the cities and seize control of key infrastructure and take over.
00:08:30.600 But that didn't play out, which, you know, so the lighter columns,
00:08:35.100 the columns of lighter armored vehicles of Russian special forces and paratroopers
00:08:38.080 that tried to seize the cities were destroyed.
00:08:40.740 And now the Russians, especially in Kiev and in Kharkiv,
00:08:45.020 in the city in the northeast, that's Ukraine's second largest city,
00:08:47.680 they're resorting to more of this indiscriminate bombardment strategy
00:08:51.460 of trying to break down the will of the defenders and the will of the population.
00:08:56.320 And definitely people have remarked that there is quite a will for the defenders,
00:09:02.240 quite a fighting spirit among so many individuals,
00:09:04.860 whether it's, of course, Ukrainian forces who are employed to do that, Zelensky himself.
00:09:09.420 We've seen those images of regular citizens arming themselves,
00:09:14.220 people saying a couple of months ago,
00:09:15.880 I would have never envisioned myself picking up arms.
00:09:18.000 Now I'm doing it.
00:09:19.240 Tell us about that.
00:09:20.220 What are people saying about their feelings of defending their own country?
00:09:24.000 Absolutely.
00:09:24.680 I mean, the response of this has been so tremendous.
00:09:27.300 I think in the first few days, the first day or two,
00:09:29.920 people were just sort of in a state of shock.
00:09:31.760 But then that resolve hardened very quickly.
00:09:35.000 And, you know, already on the first day,
00:09:36.280 the government announced that if you want to defend the city in Kiev,
00:09:39.560 we come to the armories, we will give you a Kalashnikov.
00:09:43.800 And already within the first few days, tens of thousands of people took that up.
00:09:47.740 And the scale of it has been such that I'm talking to people in Kiev who went to try and enlist in those militias,
00:09:55.700 enlist in the territorial defense force and were turned away because they cannot handle the amount of volunteers that they have.
00:10:02.360 Wow.
00:10:02.600 I've even seen it with other people, you know, a friend of a friend who we took the train from Kiev to Lviv with.
00:10:09.040 She was initially planning, you know, she's 29 years old, a fitness instructor,
00:10:13.700 and she was initially planning on leaving to Poland and then decided after arriving in Lviv,
00:10:19.880 no, I'm going to stay and make Molotov cocktails.
00:10:22.600 And, you know, these are sorts of stories that are just all over the place here.
00:10:25.920 And to what degree is that playing out?
00:10:29.480 People are getting in a fighting position, they're getting prepared.
00:10:32.460 But what is the volume of regular citizens actually engaged in firefights,
00:10:37.280 in combat, in throwing those Molotov cocktails at Russian forces right now?
00:10:40.680 I mean, I think it's quite a bit, you know, especially in Kiev and Kharkiv,
00:10:44.880 the two cities that are seeing the most fighting in Kiev.
00:10:48.760 As I can tell, it's become a pretty fortified place in the last few days.
00:10:53.840 You know, what initially started as makeshift barricades in the streets have been reinforced with
00:10:58.080 cranes, excavators bringing in, you know, reinforced concrete and setting up barricades
00:11:03.600 all across the main streets of the capital.
00:11:06.440 And, you know, we've seen videos as well of Ukrainian civilians driving past Russian armored vehicles
00:11:13.760 in their cars and then leaning out the window and throwing Molotov cocktails at the Russian tanks.
00:11:18.880 And, you know, just some of these incredible scenes.
00:11:20.920 Neil, we've seen various postings on social media of Russian soldiers
00:11:24.820 being taken captive or waving the white flag, basically saying, OK, I surrender.
00:11:30.340 And then some very compassionate videos of Ukrainians giving a cup of tea and saying,
00:11:34.520 you can now call your mother back in Russia.
00:11:36.300 To what degree are these anomalous?
00:11:39.060 But they're putting them out there to say, hey, look, we're at least scoring these minor occasional victories.
00:11:42.900 And to what degree is this a sense of, yeah, like, you know, we're really doing well here as defenders, Ukrainians?
00:11:48.480 I mean, I think this is becoming one of the key trends that we're seeing here in the last few days
00:11:52.680 is that, you know, a lot of these Russian soldiers really don't want to be there.
00:11:57.600 And that the sense really is that, as we see in here again and again from these captured Russian soldiers,
00:12:03.620 is that they were just told, you're on exercises.
00:12:07.240 You're just out there doing this exercise.
00:12:09.260 They did not know there was going to be an invasion.
00:12:10.960 And a lot of them, you know, they're officially all contract soldiers,
00:12:16.060 but a lot of them were press ganged into it, essentially.
00:12:18.560 They were conscripts doing their mandatory military service,
00:12:22.440 who were then forced to sign a contract or threatened with consequences.
00:12:26.620 And then after that point, you know, forced into this invasion of Ukraine,
00:12:30.160 which they didn't know was happening and which they don't want to be involved in,
00:12:33.800 especially a war that is not just some easy walkover,
00:12:37.440 or they have a very real chance of dying.
00:12:40.120 And so in the last few days, we've seen, you know, so many videos of even whole Russian units
00:12:45.320 basically dropping their arms or walking over to the Ukrainian side.
00:12:50.040 Wow. So who really wants this conflict? Is it just Vladimir Putin?
00:12:54.180 Absolutely. I mean, it absolutely seems like that.
00:12:56.620 You know, we've seen the videos from the very first day across Russia.
00:13:00.960 In the first day alone in Russia, there was protests against the war in 53 different cities.
00:13:05.580 And this is despite the fact that the laws in Russia are so draconian,
00:13:10.360 that if you immediately make a post on social media, on Facebook,
00:13:14.460 about some sort of anti-war stance, you can and often are arrested for that and charged.
00:13:19.900 And you can be in prison for 10 years just for that.
00:13:22.660 And despite this fact, you know, there have been thousands of people
00:13:25.780 coming out into the streets in Russia, protesting, saying no to war,
00:13:29.520 saying, no, we do not want this war.
00:13:31.120 And so, you know, as I saw put well by another another analyst here a little while ago,
00:13:36.760 Putin is fighting two wars now, both in Ukraine and at home.
00:13:40.240 It was remarkable to see some of that footage of protests happening in major Russian cities.
00:13:45.380 And police go up, law enforcement go and take away an anti-war banner that a few protesters have.
00:13:50.820 They drag the three of them away from the edges of the protest.
00:13:53.400 And you're like, OK, you're going to arrest three people.
00:13:55.940 You do realize there are 300 or 1,000 other people right there as well.
00:14:00.980 I mean, can they clamp down on all of this sentiment?
00:14:02.900 I mean, the silver lining for the authorities in Russia is that it's so difficult to organize mass-scale protests
00:14:09.820 that, you know, there's really all these things are completely uncoordinated in terms of
00:14:14.180 they're all just people showing up randomly to Central Square and hoping other people will be there
00:14:18.560 because you can't organize anything at all.
00:14:21.100 But already a couple of days ago, there was reports that the detention centers in Moscow and St. Petersburg,
00:14:27.720 Russia's two biggest cities, are full.
00:14:29.280 You know, they've arrested, he's confirmed at least 5,000 or 6,000 people,
00:14:33.980 and there's no more space in those detention centers.
00:14:36.780 That is massive.
00:14:38.000 6,000 people arrested for this.
00:14:41.120 And to your point, no more space.
00:14:42.860 How long can they keep this going?
00:14:44.980 Is it your sense that Russian opposition to the war will, I guess, be muted because of these arrests?
00:14:50.460 Or are people just saying, no, I mean, we're feeling the economic consequences.
00:14:54.140 We're going to keep protesting.
00:14:55.240 I mean, this situation in Russia, especially now the last two days, is crazy in terms of the economy
00:15:02.040 started to absolutely tank as a result of these massive sanctions, the currency's tanking,
00:15:07.400 tons of services are not available, things like Apple and Google are not available there anymore.
00:15:13.060 And, you know, so people have started fleeing Russia en masse.
00:15:15.700 Like, I talked to one Russian friend yesterday, and she said, literally all my friends are shoving clothes in a suitcase
00:15:20.600 and getting the first flight out because the sense is that there's a strong possibility that tomorrow
00:15:25.720 they will introduce martial law in Russia and ban all flights from the country.
00:15:29.560 And so people are trying to get out before that happens as basically the Iron Curtain is coming down again.
00:15:35.080 I want to ask you the million-dollar question that everybody's talking about right now,
00:15:38.660 and I want to get your perspective on it.
00:15:40.180 What does Putin want?
00:15:42.140 I mean, Putin seems to want, essentially, to destroy Ukraine as an independent and viable state.
00:15:48.560 You know, it would have been nice for him if he could have just walked in and taken over the government
00:15:54.640 and the country and put in some pliable administration in the space of 48 or 72 hours.
00:16:00.900 But if that's not the possibility, then at the very least, you know, destroy Ukraine as a place that can sit,
00:16:07.380 as a country that can exist and make its own choices and be able to have, you know, an anti-Russian orientation
00:16:13.860 and make it so that Ukraine cannot possibly exist as a place with, as a functional independent state
00:16:21.460 with a potentially anti-Russian position.
00:16:24.100 So we had some individuals saying, and this was what it, I think, seemed like to a lot of people early on,
00:16:29.740 that it was really just about carving out further eastern territory, those two regions, Donetsk and Luhansk.
00:16:35.760 We've clearly seen that's not the case because of what's going on in the capital.
00:16:39.680 Then we've got others with a more sort of maximal perspective saying,
00:16:42.920 well, if he's going to do Ukraine, what stops him from crossing over into another border?
00:16:46.400 A lot of people say, well, hold on a second.
00:16:47.660 Those are NATO boundaries.
00:16:48.540 So that's the big difference there.
00:16:49.700 But you've got the smaller view and then you've got the enlarged view.
00:16:54.000 Where does the truth sit?
00:16:55.560 You seem to be suggesting that this is a conflict that is primarily focused on the identity of Ukraine.
00:17:01.740 Yeah, absolutely.
00:17:02.760 And I think, you know, Putin himself made that very clear when he gave this speech last Monday,
00:17:07.220 the one in which he recognized the two separatist republics in the eastern Ukraine.
00:17:10.800 But the first 30, 40 minutes of that speech was just this insane rant about how Ukraine is not a real country,
00:17:16.440 how it was created by Lenin and the Bolsheviks and by the Russians themselves,
00:17:20.900 and how now it's not even being run by Ukraine, but it's being by Ukrainians,
00:17:25.680 but it's being run by this fascist U.S. puppet regime,
00:17:30.220 which exists only to hold Ukrainians themselves hostage.
00:17:33.260 And they're the brother people of Russians who must be freed from this foreign domination.
00:17:38.920 And he made it very clear that he doesn't think Ukraine has a right to exist or is a real country at all.
00:17:44.020 Where does the truth lie in terms of the sentiments going on among Ukrainians,
00:17:49.620 particularly of those in the east?
00:17:52.120 I've seen the public opinion surveys that are actually from Russian news agencies,
00:17:56.000 so let's just call them propaganda,
00:17:57.700 talking about a very high percentage of people in eastern Ukraine who aren't happy being in Ukraine.
00:18:02.240 They want to join Russia.
00:18:03.400 They want to separate.
00:18:04.480 And obviously, Putin is significantly ramping up those numbers.
00:18:07.380 But at the same time, I know the percentage is not zero in terms of the people in the east
00:18:11.140 who have those views.
00:18:12.720 So what's really going on with that question of identity in eastern Ukraine?
00:18:17.760 I mean, Ukraine, you know, as a country always was, pre-2014, was always quite split.
00:18:22.880 And, you know, plenty of people with fond memories of the Soviet Union
00:18:26.940 or fond relations with Russian people.
00:18:29.280 You know, everyone has relatives in Russia somewhere.
00:18:32.480 And Ukraine would always be between these two sides,
00:18:36.140 between balancing between having strong links to Russia,
00:18:39.100 but also having increasing links with the west as well.
00:18:42.420 And then after the invasion in 2014 and the annexation of Crimea,
00:18:47.340 that shifted very heavily against Russia.
00:18:50.000 And people began to have this.
00:18:52.220 This is sort of, you know, the ultimate irony of Putin's moves here is that
00:18:56.360 in order in trying to deter Ukraine from joining NATO
00:19:00.980 and or joining the EU or having Western orientation,
00:19:04.200 he's guaranteed that everyone in the country hates Russia.
00:19:08.860 And now, you know, now that the Russians have launched this full-scale invasion,
00:19:13.140 you know, there is no sentiment here except for just hatred of Russia and of Putin
00:19:17.740 because they're actively, every day, indiscriminately bombarding cities.
00:19:22.840 So you could not have made a policy choice that would have more guaranteed
00:19:28.000 that Ukraine will be an anti-Russian state forever.
00:19:30.260 There are so many images that Canadians are seeing that are shocking, upsetting to them.
00:19:35.640 Images of the Children's Cancer Hospital being under siege.
00:19:39.000 And a lot of voices say, why can't we do more?
00:19:41.640 And there is an appetite, not just among online sort of Twitter voices,
00:19:45.940 but even a number of prominent official individuals
00:19:48.320 basically talking about getting more involved in a military sense.
00:19:51.940 But we've got Jen Steltenberg, head of NATO, saying that ain't going to happen.
00:19:55.700 And they were on the record months ago saying they're not going to do that.
00:19:57.800 President Biden, Prime Minister Justin Trudeau saying similar things.
00:20:01.560 What is your perspective on the role in which Western forces, NATO forces,
00:20:07.360 do want to have any further involvement?
00:20:10.100 Yeah, I mean, the degree to which it's going to happen is essentially what we're already seeing.
00:20:14.700 You know, tons of arms deliveries, especially anti-aircraft and anti-tank shoulder-fired missiles,
00:20:22.880 which have already come into many of thousands of which have already arrived in Ukraine.
00:20:27.460 And we've seen people like places like Germany, Germany, which was always, you know,
00:20:31.400 against this sort of any sort of military aid to Ukraine or anything.
00:20:35.800 Over the weekend, Chancellor Schultz basically undid 30 years of German policy in one speech
00:20:42.820 and said this is an existential threat for European security and we are standing with Ukraine.
00:20:48.240 But the one thing there's not going to be is a no-fly zone or direct NATO involvement
00:20:52.300 because there's a lot of people clamoring for a no-fly zone, a NATO no-fly zone over Ukraine.
00:20:56.860 But then what happens, you shoot down a Russian, if a Russian plane's there and you shoot it down,
00:21:00.860 now you are actively risking an escalation that could very conceivably lead to war between Russia
00:21:07.320 and the West and war between nuclear war as well.
00:21:10.760 So there will never be some sort of no-fly zone here.
00:21:12.940 There are a lot of concerns about Vladimir Putin raising the prospect of upping the nuclear awareness level,
00:21:19.940 whatever the technical term is, but I understand there's four levels in Russia
00:21:23.200 and he only upped them to level two as opposed to going full scale at level four.
00:21:28.340 Is this just a threat?
00:21:30.200 Is this a serious look into the minds of Russian military strategy?
00:21:34.780 How do you approach that issue?
00:21:36.260 Yeah, that's correct.
00:21:36.960 That's good that you mentioned that because that is,
00:21:38.920 it was the second of the four readiness levels that he moved it to there.
00:21:43.680 And, you know, of course, with nuclear matters,
00:21:46.520 you never want to downplay anything or take anything lightly.
00:21:50.040 But at the same time, the fact that Putin does that is a sign of weakness, not of strength.
00:21:54.960 It's a sign that he has a few cards left to play.
00:21:57.500 And, you know, this sort of nuclear bluff, this sort of nuclear brinksmanship is one of them
00:22:02.260 because the war is not going well for Russia.
00:22:05.120 We can say that without reservations, really.
00:22:09.880 And so at that point, you know, he's trying to dissuade any arms deliveries
00:22:14.360 by raising the readiness of the nuclear forces.
00:22:18.440 But, you know, clearly, as he did that, it hasn't worked.
00:22:21.460 We'll be back with more full comment in just a moment after these messages.
00:22:27.160 Neil Hauer, I know you mentioned that originally Vladimir Putin was thinking or hoping
00:22:31.040 and even many military strategists were thinking this would be concluded in just a couple of days.
00:22:34.940 We're seeing this not the case.
00:22:36.600 Instead, Russian forces are getting perhaps more entrenched, although there's some supply
00:22:41.340 line issues.
00:22:42.180 Ukrainian opposition definitely getting more entrenched and getting support from various
00:22:46.520 Western nations.
00:22:47.740 What is the time horizon here in terms of what we're facing?
00:22:50.760 Are we facing something that could unfortunately be a months long invasion and certain insurgency
00:22:58.120 counterinsurgency?
00:22:59.460 What does the future look like right now on the ground?
00:23:01.960 I mean, this is the big question.
00:23:03.180 And, you know, if we're if let's say that, you know, military operations just allowed to
00:23:08.180 proceed at their current pace, then that could easily be, you know, months, weeks, months,
00:23:12.920 because, you know, Russian forces are making some significant advances, especially in the
00:23:17.400 south.
00:23:18.040 Yesterday, they seems like they captured their first major city in Ukraine, the southern port
00:23:23.380 city of Kherson, which is about 300,000 people.
00:23:25.900 And they've besieged now the southeastern port city of Mariupol, which is about 400,000, about 500,000
00:23:32.900 people.
00:23:33.480 So those are some serious advances.
00:23:35.540 But at the same time, you know, near Kharkiv and Kiev, they have made no real headway in
00:23:39.560 the last couple of days.
00:23:40.500 But the thing to watch, especially for me, I think, is how is this going to unfold in
00:23:47.180 Russia?
00:23:47.540 I mean, are they even going to be in a position?
00:23:49.880 Are they even going to be able to to continue persecuting this war with the way the economy
00:23:55.120 is going to absolutely collapse?
00:23:56.500 And even just critical materials, I mean, even just things like ammunition manufacture
00:24:00.700 and weapons manufacture, will they even be able to continue doing that as the full effect
00:24:05.740 of these absolutely basically being cut off from the world market continue to unfold over
00:24:10.620 the next couple of weeks?
00:24:12.220 We've already seen initial reports of various Russian tanks and different groups of forces
00:24:17.560 stopping shorter in their advance than they would like to because of fuel issues or other
00:24:22.280 concerns.
00:24:22.800 And I got to say, that sounds this early on kind of amateur hour when it comes to military
00:24:27.440 planning.
00:24:28.320 Yeah, I mean, I keep saying I think the way the Russians lose this war, if in fact it plays
00:24:33.960 out that way, is going to be morale and logistics, you know, with the main and the biggest example
00:24:40.840 of this being this convoy that's 40 kilometers long north of Kiev.
00:24:45.960 And at 40 kilometers, it's not a convoy.
00:24:47.480 It's a traffic jam.
00:24:48.300 And so and these these vehicles have been sitting there, you know, as the UK M.O.D.
00:24:54.960 said yesterday, we have seen no discernible progress in over three days.
00:24:59.040 And those vehicles are sitting there and it's zero degrees.
00:25:01.200 So you have to have to be running them about half the time burning fuel.
00:25:06.620 And once those vehicles are out of fuel, which will be soon, there's no good way to refuel them
00:25:10.680 all and get them moving.
00:25:11.620 And the Ukrainians are the Ukrainian jets are already hitting this column.
00:25:14.260 And, you know, this is just like a logistics catastrophe.
00:25:18.100 And that is really how a lot of these wars play out.
00:25:22.220 You know, strategies and tactics win battles, but logistics win wars.
00:25:27.560 Speaking about catastrophe, a refugee catastrophe that a lot of warnings that there's a lot of
00:25:32.680 refugees now flooding out of western Ukraine.
00:25:35.360 You're at the most western major city, Lviv, right now.
00:25:38.540 What are you seeing in terms of the refugee situation?
00:25:40.920 Yeah, absolutely.
00:25:42.400 And so we were at the border ourselves two days ago and the main crossing with Poland.
00:25:47.920 And as you get down there, there is a line of cars about 10 to 12 kilometers long all
00:25:53.180 the way up to the border.
00:25:54.700 And that, as people told us, that takes about three or four days to get through that if you
00:25:59.600 want to leave with your car.
00:26:01.080 If you want to leave on foot, if you're Ukrainian and you get to the border, you can go across
00:26:05.320 quite quickly.
00:26:06.540 But if you are, if you're not Ukrainian, you know, there's quite a large number of students
00:26:13.100 and workers from the Middle East, from India, from sub-Saharan Africa in Ukraine.
00:26:19.160 And these people are held at the border for, you know, as we saw there, they have been there
00:26:24.060 for days already and sleeping there outside, lack of food and water as both the Ukrainian
00:26:30.500 and Polish authorities are hesitant to process them.
00:26:34.420 They don't have the correct documents or some combination of that.
00:26:37.120 So that is becoming a big problem.
00:26:38.960 So here we're hearing accusations of racism at the border when it comes to refugees crossing
00:26:43.980 from Ukraine into Poland, a few African nations discussing this and it's making its way into
00:26:49.920 various media reports.
00:26:51.480 Is this a question of people just not having the right documentation or do you believe there
00:26:55.480 is either overt or at least sort of implicit racism going on in these border policies?
00:27:01.180 I mean, it's hard to say.
00:27:02.320 I have not looked into it super closely.
00:27:04.660 I'm sure it's a combination of the two, you know, where people from with countries that
00:27:08.800 are not visa free to Schengen cannot get across so easily and the procedures have not been
00:27:14.160 waived for them.
00:27:15.200 But at the same time, too, you know, the border guards, both on the Polish and Ukrainian side
00:27:19.140 can certainly be much rougher with people of darker complexions than they would be with
00:27:23.260 a white Ukrainian or if I was to cross.
00:27:26.340 So and the treatment for people of the European complexion will certainly be better.
00:27:34.220 So it's a combination of these issues.
00:27:36.080 Speaking of racism issues, Vladimir Putin, when he was announcing the military operation,
00:27:41.440 his original pretext, or at least one of the pretext is, was he's going to de-Nazify Ukraine.
00:27:46.840 And a lot of people did a double take and go, what on earth are you talking about?
00:27:50.220 I mean, the head of Ukraine, Zelensky himself, is a Jewish man.
00:27:54.140 What are you talking about?
00:27:55.580 Then again, I see a few years ago in the National Post a headline, our former conservative
00:28:00.000 government, are we arming neo-Nazi battalions in the Ukraine army?
00:28:04.220 And you go, what on earth is behind the headlines there?
00:28:06.180 And they've got this group, the Azov Brigade, which is believed to have some contingent of
00:28:10.440 neo-Nazis in eastern Ukraine.
00:28:12.680 What's going on with all of these allegations?
00:28:14.620 Because there's a lot of a lot of propaganda all across the board.
00:28:18.060 What should we make of that narrative?
00:28:20.700 I mean, sure.
00:28:21.560 There are groups that are either adjacent to or directly far right here, of course.
00:28:27.940 I mean, and the Azov Brigade itself has quite a bit of this symbolism and is also quite
00:28:34.060 popular, especially in the southeast, where they're engaged in fighting.
00:28:37.200 And it's one of the more popular paramilitary militia groups for volunteers to join.
00:28:43.720 But at the same time, you know, in elections in Ukraine, these groups have never surpassed
00:28:47.380 one percent of the national vote.
00:28:49.800 They're not a mainstream political force.
00:28:53.460 And they're not going to be, you know, of course, Ukraine is a city with, Ukraine is
00:28:58.440 a country with one of the largest Jewish populations on earth, including, as you said, the president.
00:29:03.380 And there are Jewish militias fighting in the city of Dnepro against the Russian invading
00:29:10.800 forces.
00:29:11.140 So the whole narrative, the Nazification is just this bizarre claim from and just this
00:29:18.200 this this the latest a long attempt, string of attempts to find some flimsy pretext for
00:29:24.500 the Russians to launch their invasion.
00:29:26.880 Neil, there's a lot of calls for action here in the West, a lot of perspectives on what should
00:29:31.900 happen next, how this should unfold.
00:29:33.920 You've got the on the ground perspective.
00:29:35.780 You've also got the academic expertise in terms of Eastern European affairs.
00:29:39.340 What is the what would be your pragmatic best case scenario?
00:29:44.860 What do you think is going to happen in the next few weeks?
00:29:48.060 Pragmatic best case scenario, I think, is that, you know, the Russian war effort just continues
00:29:52.440 to collapse.
00:29:54.460 And in terms of the issues with morale and logistics only getting worse.
00:29:59.020 And, you know, the fact that it's easy to block real information in Russia from getting
00:30:03.160 to people and people are only fed state propaganda.
00:30:06.040 But at the same time, if when people wake up and they go to withdraw their paycheck and
00:30:10.960 it's suddenly worth half as much as it was a week ago, then they'll then they realize
00:30:13.900 something's up.
00:30:15.160 And the hope is that that will translate to some sort of, you know, mass crisis and mass
00:30:19.900 dissatisfaction that Putin will not be able to survive.
00:30:23.040 And the military balance of play is such that, you know, the Ukrainian forces have received
00:30:27.360 such a so many of these really impactful weapons.
00:30:30.880 You know, the anti-tank and anti-aircraft missiles sold in the last few days that that will enable
00:30:37.100 them to exact even more damage than they already are on the Russian forces and blunt the attack.
00:30:43.960 So I think that the ideal scenario is that Russia's Putin's war machine here itself just
00:30:50.000 collapses on the home front the next few weeks.
00:30:53.460 So what happens to Putin?
00:30:54.860 Because while it would be good for them to fail, of course, I don't think failure, at least
00:30:58.860 on a grand scale is something Putin is used to.
00:31:01.220 And it's better for global stability that none of this be happening in Ukraine.
00:31:05.300 But it's also not good for global stability that you have a dictator of a superpower with
00:31:09.940 nuclear weapons who suddenly feels like he's a rat in a corner, whether it's with, you know,
00:31:14.960 Western nations, Ukraine or even his own oligarchs.
00:31:17.480 So how does Putin respond to that scenario?
00:31:20.080 I mean, that is the big question, right?
00:31:22.280 And this is something that we're truly beyond beyond the pale with and that we don't know.
00:31:27.980 There's no real precedent in modern Russian history for what would occur in this.
00:31:32.960 I think a lot of people think that the best thing would be some sort of palace coup where
00:31:37.700 enough of the other security elites in Moscow end up reaching this conclusion that we are
00:31:44.680 not, that Putin has lost it and under his leadership things are bad and only getting worse
00:31:50.140 and, you know, somehow overthrow him.
00:31:52.560 But the way that that would actually play out is we don't really know.
00:31:58.140 And that's the sheer fact of the matter is that, you know, mass public protests have never
00:32:04.180 really brought down a government in Russian history, even in the Bolshevik or revolution
00:32:09.920 or the end of the Soviet Union.
00:32:12.240 It was much more of an elite affair.
00:32:13.740 And so it's we're sort of in uncharted waters with all this.
00:32:19.000 Before we go, I want to ask your thoughts on how we engage and interact with the Russian
00:32:24.500 people moving forward here, because as many people have said, the grievance is with Putin.
00:32:28.840 It's not with regular folks in Russia.
00:32:31.420 Hockey agent Dan Milstein posted quite prominently on social media.
00:32:36.020 The Canadian Junior Hockey League will announce that Russian and Belarus and 16 and 17 year old
00:32:40.200 children would be banned from the upcoming draft.
00:32:42.740 Mr. Milstein writes, I am Ukrainian born and want peace.
00:32:45.660 I do not believe banning teenagers for something they do not control is the answer.
00:32:50.000 Here in Canada, there are already minor stories of of disagreements, skirmishes, even some violence
00:32:56.640 between people of Ukrainian descent, Russian descent, Russian descent.
00:33:01.200 What are your hopes for sort of moving forward peaceably in a way that avoids all of this?
00:33:06.160 Yeah, I mean, I saw that with the CHL.
00:33:07.800 And that's just so disappointing because, you know, I get the idea of punishing Russia
00:33:12.620 and sanctions as a whole, but against, you know, state linked companies and branches of
00:33:19.340 the state, not against 16 year old hockey players who now are going to be forbidden from coming,
00:33:25.000 being drafted by Canadian teams and coming over to their own.
00:33:27.540 You know, there's a there's there's a line that you have to draw between the Russian state
00:33:30.920 and then between just ethnic Russians as people, you know, there's 150, 200 million of them.
00:33:36.340 And you can't treat them as responsible for the actions of the state because that's the same logic
00:33:41.120 terrorists use. You know, the the people are responsible for the crimes of the regime.
00:33:45.240 So I think, you know, the the this talk of banning Russians from getting EU visas and everything
00:33:51.460 as is really, really awful and would be the the worst that you could do is to lock Russians there
00:33:58.140 inside the sinking ship.
00:33:59.660 That is the Putin's Russia as the economy continues to deteriorate.
00:34:03.800 And you have to give these people a way out.
00:34:05.520 You have to allow them to to to to get out of that situation if you want them to.
00:34:11.620 And especially if, as you're hoping, you know, they'll be out there risking their lives and
00:34:15.120 their freedom protesting against this war.
00:34:18.960 This has been a really informative, no spin conversation.
00:34:22.120 Neil Hauer, I appreciate you joining us, offering us this on the ground perspective and with your
00:34:26.620 expertise. Thanks so much.
00:34:27.840 Thank you so much for having me.
00:34:29.820 All the best.
00:34:31.360 Full Comment is a post media podcast.
00:34:33.480 I'm Anthony Fury.
00:34:34.260 This episode was produced by Andre Proulx, with theme music by Bryce Hall.
00:34:38.660 Kevin Libin is the executive producer.
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00:34:52.780 Thanks for listening.