Full Comment - February 21, 2023


The murky, ruthless private army tycoon getting rich from Putin’s wars


Episode Stats

Length

39 minutes

Words per Minute

172.0314

Word Count

6,800

Sentence Count

263

Hate Speech Sentences

7


Summary

In this episode of Full Comment, we speak with Miles Johnson, a reporter with the Financial Times, about the mysterious and powerful private military group known as the Wagner Group. The group is run by a man who started his career selling hot dogs off a cart in St. Petersburg, and who is now one of the most powerful men in the world. It s a group that does the bidding of Vladimir Putin, and it s caught the eye of a lot of people, including many journalists.


Transcript

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00:01:18.760 different. Anyone following the war of Russia's invasion of Ukraine might have noticed that
00:01:33.420 there are not just Russian troops involved. Of course, there's Belarusian as well, but
00:01:37.780 also a private military outfit called the Wagner Group, or the Wagner Group, if you wish.
00:01:43.300 It's a private military run by a friend of Vladimir Putin, and it's caught the eye of an awful lot of
00:01:50.660 people, including our next guest, Miles Johnson, who is a writer with the Financial Times. But before
00:01:56.220 we get to Miles, first off, welcome to Full Comment. My name's Brian Lilly, your host. But also, I want to
00:02:02.120 remind you that you can subscribe to Full Comment, to any platform that you're listening to it on. Make sure
00:02:07.680 you hit the subscribe button and don't miss an episode, whether it's on Amazon Music, or Apple,
00:02:14.000 Spotify, what have you. Just make sure you hit the subscribe button, and of course, leave us a comment,
00:02:19.700 because we hope you find these topics interesting. The Wagner Group, though, is immensely interesting,
00:02:25.160 because it's a private military that is operating in many countries in the world now, not just Ukraine,
00:02:30.280 that does the bidding of Vladimir Putin, and that is run by a guy who started his business career
00:02:37.840 selling hot dogs off a cart in St. Petersburg. If that doesn't sound fascinating to you, then I don't
00:02:44.600 know what does. Miles Johnson has not only written about Yevegni Prigozian, I think I'm saying the name
00:02:51.120 right, he's also heard from him, because Prigozian was not happy with the fact he was being investigated
00:02:57.860 by the Financial Times. Miles, thanks for the time today. Thank you for having me on. What was it like,
00:03:04.820 take me to that moment when you're writing about Prigozian and his private military outfit and what
00:03:12.220 it's doing around the world, and you realize that you've got a message from him. I think it was, was it
00:03:20.480 Telegram you got the message on? What was it like looking and saying, oh, the thug has reached out to me?
00:03:27.860 I mean, he's, he's an interesting, uh, as you say, he's got a very interesting background, um,
00:03:33.260 interesting story. And this is a man who, um, he has a sort of, uh, sort of theatrical flourish,
00:03:39.400 I guess, in his engagement with the media where, um, journalists, um, from around the world, um,
00:03:44.840 can send him questions to his press service and, um, his press service sometimes, uh, answers those.
00:03:50.940 And frequently, uh, he uses this, yeah, let's say colorful language, uh, when he responds to these
00:03:57.580 inquiries. And, um, this one we weren't really expecting, but he, um, yeah, it's, uh, it's far
00:04:04.060 less than, uh, he's done to other journalists. I mean, you know, it has to be stressed that, um,
00:04:08.480 you know, there's been people who have been, um, investigating this man for years, uh, where,
00:04:14.700 you know, their lives have been put in danger. You know, um, the, his organization has been
00:04:18.740 connected with the murder of three Russian journalists, um, in Central African Republic.
00:04:23.020 So, uh, the words are not so bad compared to some of the other things that, um, he's been connected
00:04:29.100 to. Well, before we get in, into the story about the Wagner group, then, were there any times when
00:04:34.520 you were investigating him that you felt that your life was in danger or that you were being
00:04:40.020 threatened other than with scatological references and a telegram message?
00:04:44.180 I think, uh, he's, um, someone who has a lot of, uh, plates. He needs to be spinning
00:04:49.440 right now, um, in terms of, uh, uh, you know, his involvement in the war in Ukraine, but, um,
00:04:55.620 he's, he's obviously, you know, his organization is dangerous. And, um, as I said, you know, they've,
00:04:59.300 um, threatened and, um, you know, actually, uh, killed journalists before. So, so it's something
00:05:04.800 that you have to consider. Um, but I mean, I mean, we'll get into some of the other tactics
00:05:09.800 that he's used to intimidate, um, journalists, uh, both in Russia and, um, the West.
00:05:15.140 Well, let's start a little bit at the beginning and, and try and explain who, uh, Prigozhin
00:05:20.440 is. He, he was, uh, a convict who gets out of jail and starts running a hot dog cart on
00:05:27.400 the streets of St. Petersburg. How do you go from that to running what's effectively a global
00:05:33.120 cartel? He's got oil and gas interest, lumber interest, gold interest, and this private military
00:05:39.280 group.
00:05:39.800 Uh, how did he become so big, so powerful?
00:05:44.180 Yeah. I mean, it's a really interesting, uh, biography and it's sort of how, um, we were
00:05:49.360 approaching the story because people have been writing about this man for a while, but you
00:05:54.600 know, the, the key, um, sort of point, which the key change, which occurred was last year
00:06:00.120 where up until last year, he had ferociously denied having anything to do with, you know,
00:06:06.920 mercenary activity. And then he sort of, uh, you know, he effectively had a sort of Scooby-Doo
00:06:11.860 moment pulled off the mask and said, Oh, actually I have been running the Wagner group for, you
00:06:17.740 know, all of these years. So, um, we approached it from looking at it a bit like a business
00:06:22.660 story. You know, this is a man who's a criminal entrepreneur and, um, you know, he began life,
00:06:27.940 as you said, you know, um, he was born in Leningrad in the early 1960s, you know, obviously now
00:06:33.380 St. Petersburg. And, um, you know, the sort of semi-official rendition of his biography
00:06:38.940 is that, um, his father died when he was young and then he was sent off to, uh, prestigious,
00:06:45.020 um, kind of, uh, boarding school for sports and athletics. But then he sort of had this
00:06:49.880 misspent youth whereby the, um, the early eighties, he was actually thrown into a Soviet
00:06:56.460 prison for being involved in the robbery of a woman. And so, um, he spent around a decade
00:07:01.480 in prison. And then, as you said, um, you know, you know, the Soviet union then collapses
00:07:06.560 and this man, um, you know, the story goes, uh, set up as hot dog stand and sort of managed
00:07:13.380 somehow to, um, parlay this, uh, you know, fairly, uh, modest, uh, business venture into,
00:07:19.980 um, uh, restaurant business, you know, where he started setting up, um, fashionable, uh,
00:07:26.580 St. Petersburg restaurants. Um, and that was how, uh, he caught the eye of Vladimir Putin.
00:07:34.420 So Putin sees him, likes his restaurants and effectively just makes him part of the
00:07:43.380 of his entourage and, and, and he gets contracts in that very oligarchy kind of way. The, the
00:07:49.400 friends of the leaders get powerful. Is that it? Well, I mean, it's sort of, uh, a lot of,
00:07:55.420 you know, the details about exactly how these things happen, uh, still unclear, but, you know,
00:07:59.600 we know that he, um, set up, uh, restaurants in Petersburg called new Island, which was on a
00:08:05.860 boat. And, um, it was a sort of hit, it was a fashionable spot. And, um, you know, Putin,
00:08:11.440 you know, around the turn of millennia, the millennium, when Putin had, you know, recently
00:08:15.480 become, um, the president of Russia, he took sort of taking visiting foreign dignitaries
00:08:19.760 there and leaders. So Jacques Chirac, then the president of France, you know, went there
00:08:24.300 in 2001 with Putin. George W. Bush was a diner there, you know, the year later. And Putin
00:08:30.280 was said himself to have celebrated his birthday at this restaurant. So clearly Prigozian was getting
00:08:35.080 a lot of face time with Putin. Um, but then, um, you know, it's then said that, um, through
00:08:42.560 that relationship, he began to, um, win state catering contracts. And that's really when the
00:08:47.760 sort of, uh, money started to roll in, but, um, the exactly how you go from sort of running,
00:08:54.760 um, restaurants in, uh, let's say, you know, the 1990s, obviously in Russia was a very tumultuous
00:09:01.520 time. There was a huge amount of, um, uh, you know, organized criminal activity and stuff
00:09:06.700 like that. And how you go from those wild West days, the 1990s running restaurants to,
00:09:11.840 you know, at this point, uh, going into the private mercenary business is, um, is quite
00:09:17.540 a jump.
00:09:20.140 The, in addition to mercenary, um, he's known for running, uh, troll farms, uh, online troll
00:09:28.040 farms. Was he actually involved in, in some of the campaigns aimed at influencing the,
00:09:34.960 the 2016 U S election?
00:09:37.320 Yes. So, you know, that's another, um, interesting pivot that's occurred recently. So he was actually
00:09:42.460 indicted by the department of justice, the U S department of justice for, um, his Concord,
00:09:48.360 um, group, you know, his catering company is called Concord and it has, it's quite sprawling
00:09:52.020 organization that has all of these different parts, but he was indicted for, um, yeah, running
00:09:57.040 troll farms to interfere in the 2016 elections. And it was something that he vehemently denied.
00:10:02.320 You know, he basically said it had nothing to do with it. He hired, you know, very expensive
00:10:07.160 top, you know, top tier U S law firms to defend him. And, um, it was only recently after, um,
00:10:14.940 the invasion of Ukraine that he came out and said, Oh yeah, actually it's true. I did interfere
00:10:19.500 in the U S elections. Uh, much like, uh, the, the whole issue with Wagner group denied, denied,
00:10:26.420 deny higher, high price lawyers. And I want to speak to you about that part of your fascinating
00:10:30.980 story in the financial times in a bit, but let's stick on with him running all these different
00:10:36.920 operations. And now he's running the Wagner group. They have become central to the Russian
00:10:44.500 invasion of Ukraine. I know you've primarily focused on, uh, Bergogian and, and, and his
00:10:51.640 criminal business element, but do you have any sense of why Putin, uh, and the Kremlin in general
00:10:59.780 are, are using a private military instead of the red army? I mean, we, I grew up hearing stories
00:11:08.320 about the red army. We were all worried about the red army in the cold war. Uh, you Russia's had a long
00:11:13.880 proud military history and tradition. And now he's using a private army made up of people. He,
00:11:19.720 until recently, he's just announced he's going to stop it, but he was recruiting people out of jail.
00:11:26.220 Why are they doing that? Well, I think we have to go back to the sort of, um, the beginnings of,
00:11:32.180 um, the, the Wagner group and sort of when it started first started to appear, which is around,
00:11:36.300 um, you know, the 2014 Russian invasion of Crimea, but what, um, what you have. So if you have,
00:11:43.880 um, you know, uh, an organization like that, it gives the Kremlin a lot of maneuverability that
00:11:49.920 it wouldn't have if they were using, you know, Russian ministry of defense, um, operatives,
00:11:56.020 you know, Russian, um, Russian military, because this is effectively an off balance sheet,
00:12:00.600 private army. This is something where you can fulfill your, your strategic, um, you know,
00:12:08.060 geopolitical goals in places like, uh, sub-Saharan Africa, but you also have deniability. So for years
00:12:16.320 and years, you know, the Kremlin officially denied any connection to Wagner and obviously
00:12:20.840 progress and denied having anything to do with it. And so there were these things happening where
00:12:25.520 everyone knew that these were, you know, Russian speaking, you know, clearly, you know, well-trained,
00:12:31.960 um, you know, sort of, uh, fighters, you know, mercenary operatives, but they were not officially
00:12:37.240 to do with Russia. And, you know, you had a famous incident now where in Syria, you know,
00:12:41.660 which was one of the main centers of operations for, um, you know, uh, Wagner, uh, where they
00:12:47.680 were drafted into, uh, back, um, Bashar al-Assad, you know, in, um, the civil war there, there was
00:12:54.580 a sort of military engagement between the U S military and Wagner fighters. And normally if they were
00:13:01.180 Russian, you know, actual Russian official, um, soldiers, that would be a huge, uh, diplomatic
00:13:08.400 incident, you know, that would effectively be, um, you know, potentially, um, you know, triggering a
00:13:13.320 war between, um, uh, Russia and the United States, if there were, um, U S and Russian, uh, armies,
00:13:19.980 you know, fight, you know, firing against each other, killing each other in Syria. But actually what
00:13:24.220 happened was, you know, the Russian, the Russian ministry of defense basically just said, nope, we don't
00:13:27.860 have anything to do with these guys. And, you know, the, so the story goes, you know, there's
00:13:31.980 various conflicting accounts. There was recently, uh, um, Wagner sort of telegram affiliated telegram
00:13:37.560 channel talking about this incident from the past, but the Wagner troops basically got blown to pieces
00:13:41.860 by, um, U S, um, U S fighter jets. But that was a point where you can deploy these people to parts of
00:13:49.980 the world and they can get into all sorts of trouble or do quite terrible things. And then when that
00:13:55.120 happens, the Kremlin can say, Oh, they're not ours. We don't even know who they are. They might
00:13:59.820 have this. So they've used them, um, in Ukraine when they invaded into Crimea, they've used them
00:14:06.340 in Syria. And I understand that they're very big in the central African Republic, which, uh, you know,
00:14:13.180 some have described as simply a vassal state for Putin's Kremlin. Yeah. So that's, um, you know,
00:14:19.200 in terms of the places like, uh, Sudan and central African Republic, this is also an element where the,
00:14:23.940 um, the Kremlin can kind of project power, um, especially post 2014 when it became increasingly
00:14:30.660 internationally isolated and we're sort of looking for new friends, um, so to speak, and sort of trying
00:14:35.840 to find different ways of, um, projecting power around the world, you know, by deploying, um, these
00:14:42.480 sort of, uh, you know, mercenary groups to, to places like that, they can achieve a number of things
00:14:49.260 all at the same time. Um, you know, they can, uh, basically strengthen, uh, their relationships with,
00:14:55.920 you know, often pretty awful regimes and, um, also set up commercial ventures, you know, so the way we
00:15:02.440 were sort of looking at this story was, um, you know, looking at this as a business operation,
00:15:06.980 because in exchange for mercenary assistance in those countries, you know, Prigozin has been awarded
00:15:13.260 natural resources concessions. So a big, you know, a big part of that was in Syria, you know, where,
00:15:18.520 um, you know, Prigozin connected companies were being given, you know, really quite significant,
00:15:22.900 um, uh, oil concessions. Um, you know, they would, uh, sort of fight against ISIS, you know,
00:15:29.460 and retake large oil fields, and then they would sort of get the running of that field. Um, so there
00:15:33.920 was a profit element where, um, they were being paid in kind and to some extent in things like,
00:15:39.740 you know, there's a gold, um, uh, gold mine in Sudan, you know, there's all sorts of natural
00:15:44.560 resources, which, um, sort of add to this international logistical complexity where you're
00:15:50.300 sort of running an operation, which involves a military side, but you also have a business side.
00:15:55.760 So he's literally going in conquering. It's like a mini empire within an empire conquers a piece of
00:16:02.980 land and his reward is the natural resources that he are on the land. His mercenary group,
00:16:09.740 just taken. Yes. I mean, it's sort of in a way, his edge, because if you can go into, um, places
00:16:18.920 where lots of other, you know, companies and people just wouldn't want to go as in, they wouldn't want
00:16:24.920 to necessarily deal with the regimes there, the security situation would be probably make it
00:16:30.500 impossible to do that. And they would be able to engage in business practices, which basically no
00:16:36.820 one else would really want to do or be able to do because they would be prosecuted. So it gives you
00:16:41.480 a sort of, um, a leg up against the competition, uh, in so to speak, if you're, um, going into, uh,
00:16:47.480 these locations. And I think it's very much a key part of the business model. Um, but at the same time,
00:16:53.760 there are these other more intangible benefits, um, for the Kremlin, um, in having these people doing
00:17:01.200 these things, the attempt to investigate him, uh, he denied doing certain things. Others have written
00:17:11.700 about him. He's denied. In fact, he's, he sued people in British courts. And I want to ask you
00:17:17.440 about that. The fact that both in Washington and in London, this man who is quite the thug, I mean,
00:17:25.940 the Wagner group, I hesitate to call them soldiers, troops have been accused of all kinds of atrocities,
00:17:33.760 human rights abuses, um, you know, dismembering bodies, uh, horrific things that I've just thought
00:17:43.720 about and realized I don't want to say out loud. Um, and yet for people talking about that, they face
00:17:50.400 lawsuits and British and American lawyers at high priced top flight firms defended this man.
00:17:59.560 Is there any blowback on these firms for defending, uh, the, the rights of a, a thug like Purgosian?
00:18:09.000 I mean, this is a sort of fascinating part of the story where if we flash back to just a year ago,
00:18:16.320 he was still engaged. So basically what happened, the background to this story, as you mentioned,
00:18:20.980 is that, um, you know, there were these, um, very, um, intricate and amazing investigations into
00:18:27.060 the Wagner group over the years where he still maintained, they were all lies and it had nothing
00:18:33.360 to do with him, but, but, you know, there were outlets, which, um, I'm sure, you know, some of your
00:18:36.720 listeners would have heard of like Bellingcat, you know, who were doing, um, you know, really amazing
00:18:41.160 work into him and lots of Russian, um, independent media too. And, um, what happened is that, um,
00:18:46.960 around in 2021. So, you know, before the invasion of Ukraine was, you know, a reality and, you know,
00:18:54.940 something which no one was expecting, he, um, hired very expensive lawyers in London to sue Elliot
00:19:00.760 Higgins, who is the founder of Bellingcat, um, for defaming him. And basically in, in, in the court
00:19:07.220 claim, he said he'd suffered severe emotional damage for these horrible things that Elliot
00:19:13.480 Higgins was meant to have accused him of. Um, and it was completely ridiculous, the idea that he had
00:19:18.420 anything to do with any Russian mercenary activity. And this was a kind of fascinating case because,
00:19:23.460 you know, British libel law is known around the world to be very stringent and it's, um, at times
00:19:29.160 quite controversial and it, um, puts a huge, um, burden on reporters who are looking at things like
00:19:35.700 this. But, um, there was never really a case as egregious as this, because obviously it transpired,
00:19:44.420 you know, so flash, you know, forward from that case being filed against Elliot Higgins in London,
00:19:50.120 if you sort of, you know, whenever it was, I think it was around October last year, um, in 2022,
00:19:55.700 that was the moment when Progozin finally said, ha ha ha, actually I really did found the Wagner group.
00:20:02.260 So he was basically saying that all of the things he'd said in this court, you know, submission to,
00:20:06.700 um, the English court were complete and outright lies. And it raised this problem that if you are
00:20:15.120 dealing with people like Progozin, they are, you know, a threat and they raise lots of questions
00:20:21.000 about the rule of law because lawyers will say everyone deserves representation. You know, the worst
00:20:27.580 people in the world, no matter who are, whoever they are, you know, war criminals, mass murderers,
00:20:32.620 they have the right to have a lawyer. And that's the foundation of the rule of law in civilized
00:20:37.320 countries. But then if you have a man like that, who is someone who not on the one hand, he murders
00:20:45.900 journalists, you know, his people have murdered journalists in, um, in, in Central African Republic.
00:20:50.940 And on the other hand, he's hiring the most expensive, uh, lawyers, you know, to sort of go
00:20:57.460 after journalists. Um, he is using, or there's a very large risk that he is using, um, courts as a
00:21:04.680 tool of asymmetric warfare. And that is not necessarily, necessarily something that, um, you know, Western
00:21:11.140 courts are equipped to deal with. They're not equipped to deal with people who act in the way that this man
00:21:17.360 acts and think how he thinks. I completely agree, Miles, that everyone is entitled to a lawyer, uh, for
00:21:24.760 their defense, but this is essentially using courts as an offensive weapon, uh, isn't it?
00:21:31.820 Exactly. Uh, it is. And that's the sort of real problem here and something which there is still a very
00:21:38.400 lively debate in happening in, um, in the UK about how to solve this problem. Uh, it's just that in
00:21:44.720 previous instances, you know, we've had, you know, for a very long time, English courts have been used,
00:21:49.960 um, you know, by wealthy, um, you know, powerful people to sort of, um, you know, uh, go after
00:21:58.120 journalists who've written things that they don't like, but this is a particularly egregious, almost
00:22:03.300 unique, um, uh, case in terms of how brazen and barefaced it was. And so it's sort of, um, it was a sort
00:22:10.780 of fascinating, um, juxtaposition between a man who was releasing social media posts laughing
00:22:20.280 about, you know, uh, videos which appeared to show his fighters, you know, murdering someone,
00:22:27.920 bludgeoning them to death with a sledgehammer. And at the other end of the spectrum, he was hiring
00:22:32.780 very fancy, very expensive lawyers who, you know, sort of white shoe law firms who would not in the
00:22:41.540 morning when they wake up and eat their breakfast cereal would like to think, Oh, you know what I'm
00:22:45.740 doing today? I'm representing a man who's accused of, you know, war, war crimes around the world.
00:22:53.060 We'll get into more about, uh, what's happening with those law firms. Are those lawyers having second
00:22:58.500 thoughts, uh, when we return? My name's Brian Lilly. This is full comment podcast back in moments.
00:23:05.220 The story, if you haven't read it yet is titled Wagner Inc, a Russian warlord and his lawyers in
00:23:11.460 the financial times by miles Johnson and miles, uh, you're writing the piece about how there's some
00:23:20.900 in the British legal system, some in British society who, uh, take issue with the way that,
00:23:26.480 uh, Pregosian and the head of the Wagner group used the British court system to protect himself from
00:23:33.400 criticism. Um, but there was a government panel that looked into this and some of the lawyers that
00:23:38.500 defended them said, Oh no, everything's just fine here. This is all hunky dory, nothing to change.
00:23:43.220 Tell me a bit about that. Yeah, I was quite struck by that when I was researching the story because
00:23:48.500 basically there have been a number of high profile cases in, um, in England, um, obviously, you know,
00:23:55.440 the English legal system is, is separate within, um, the UK. Um, but basically there were, there've
00:24:01.860 been a number of these cases where Russian oligarchs have sued British journalists. Um, um, they have,
00:24:09.840 you know, started a big debate about whether if you are, if you have a system which allows people
00:24:17.580 who are very, very wealthy to, um, impose massive costs on journalists who write about them,
00:24:22.960 are you effectively, you know, severely, um, diminishing free speech and, um, you know,
00:24:29.460 without wanting to go into a massive amount of detail about the UK libel system, um, it's a big,
00:24:34.020 big sort of a threat because the costs of these cases can potentially run into vast sums, you know,
00:24:41.380 hundreds of thousands, even millions sometimes of pounds. And so for an oligarch, that's pocket change.
00:24:48.660 That's sort of, you know, what they'd spend for breakfast, but for a media organization, it can be
00:24:53.260 hugely, uh, damaging. And so, um, that started a big debate after the invasion of our courts, you know,
00:25:00.200 our, um, our media law is basically just not equipped to deal with this. But then the Pregosan case is
00:25:07.480 really unique because in most of these other cases, there's some element of ambiguity or there's some
00:25:16.100 element of, um, you know, both sides can sort of, you know, if someone wanted to try and back,
00:25:21.280 you know, some of the oligarchs, they say, Oh, but you know, this part was a little bit unclear or
00:25:25.660 whatever in this, there was no ambiguity at all. This was a man who was suing a journalist for saying
00:25:30.720 that he ran a mercenary organization. And then eventually after years of lying about it, he admitted
00:25:38.000 he did run the mercenary organization. So it was an outright lie. And, um, the debate hasn't really
00:25:44.720 sort of factored in that possibility that people do that sort of thing.
00:25:49.280 And the man behind it, uh, Elliot Higgins, uh, use out some 70,000 pounds, um, for defending
00:25:58.380 himself for saying the truth.
00:26:00.180 Yeah. And I mean, Elliot probably is relatively lucky in the sense of, uh, it could have cost him
00:26:05.800 a lot more, you know, in an alternate reality where, um, you know, uh, Putin hadn't invaded Ukraine
00:26:11.720 and maybe the sort of revulsion that what was happening wasn't so high. Um, because
00:26:16.160 sorry, in that case, his lawyers, Pugosin's lawyers applied to actually drop, like leave
00:26:21.800 the case. So around in March, you know, just, you know, a month or so after the invasion,
00:26:26.120 the lawyer sort of dropped out of the case and that meant the case fell apart, but that
00:26:30.400 may not have happened in an alternate reality where, um, the invasion hadn't taken place.
00:26:34.540 So it's sort of, um, what this really shows is also it's, it's, it is a story, which
00:26:40.400 is trying to also examine the sort of moral limits of law and corporate law and sort of
00:26:47.400 really the point when a lawyer would say, I don't want to represent this person. And as
00:26:54.100 you know, you know, there is this debate, you know, about when someone should have legal
00:26:58.600 representation and, you know, surely everyone should have the right to a lawyer, but should
00:27:02.560 they always have a right to a lawyer in this instance when they are bringing cases against
00:27:06.580 journalists? And that's something which I think, um, is highly debatable.
00:27:09.640 Well, I think it's definitely an ethical question for the law firms, wouldn't it be? I mean,
00:27:15.420 I would think some of the firms at a certain point would just say, all right, well, we defend
00:27:21.040 all kinds of people, but warlords accused of war crimes, that's a bridge too far.
00:27:27.460 Absolutely. And there's also the, the question of when do you cross the line from defending
00:27:34.300 someone in a legitimate case to actually enabling their crimes? You know, in the case of someone
00:27:40.300 who in this instance was running an international criminal organization, you know, the Wagner group
00:27:47.420 has been labeled by the U S government now as a transnational criminal organization. As you know,
00:27:52.420 you said, it's been accused of the most horrific war crimes, you know, murder, rape, you know,
00:27:58.620 sort of torture the worst crimes imaginable. And these lawyers were serving this man at a time
00:28:05.680 when those activities were occurring. And so if they had been successful, is that something where
00:28:13.140 they are facilitating those crimes themselves? And that's something which is a really, really
00:28:18.500 important ethical question for lawyers in the West to grapple with, especially in the sort of
00:28:23.400 increasingly chaotic and sort of multipolar world that we're operating in.
00:28:29.080 I get a sense that British libel law, which I admittedly have not studied in journalism school,
00:28:35.720 I had to study Canadian libel law, but it sounds like yours is not as friendly to journalists. I mean,
00:28:41.000 my sense would be that, um, we are perhaps, um, between where English law is and where American law is
00:28:50.620 closer to American where there is much more of a free for all, but is it particularly easy to get
00:28:57.900 sued in the UK? Well, I think in obviously, well, in the UK, one of the first things is, you know,
00:29:03.660 we don't have a constitutional, um, protection of freedom of speech. And, uh, but in terms of our
00:29:11.260 libel law, the burden of proof is on the defendant, so to speak. So if I bring a libel claim against you
00:29:18.220 and say, you have defamed me because in an article, you said I was running an international criminal
00:29:24.500 organization, you would have to prove, depending on the defense you picked, there are other defenses,
00:29:29.840 but you know, you would have to kind of prove that that was true. And in these very, very complicated
00:29:36.600 international sort of corruption and criminal sort of stories, it's quite hard to definitively prove
00:29:44.380 things. When you have someone like Purgosin, who's just saying, nope, it's not true. Nope. I have
00:29:49.680 nothing to do with the Varder group. It's not true. It's not true. And just saying that over and over
00:29:52.920 again, um, you know, you, the burden of proof to prove that actually he's lying and he really is
00:29:59.440 running, um, you know, uh, uh, illegal mercenary operation around the world is very, very high.
00:30:05.940 And there was a huge amount of evidence out there to show that he was, you have to think that at the
00:30:10.720 time this man launched this case, he was, um, I think he was at that time on the FBI's most wanted
00:30:16.980 list. You know, so this is a sort of international fugitive. He had been sanctioned by the U S he'd
00:30:23.040 been sanctioned by the European union. So, you know, it's, it's not like this was a guy who no one had
00:30:27.940 heard of. And, you know, he was just sort of being accused by a lone media outlet of a crime. This is
00:30:34.180 someone who was a sort of increasingly becoming a notorious sort of international criminal, yet
00:30:40.820 that wasn't enough to deter him from launching this case. So it shows you how high the bar has
00:30:47.480 to be and how it's extremely difficult to report on this stuff. So he's gone from suing people for
00:30:54.460 saying he runs the, the Wagner group to reveling in it. They've even opened a new headquarters in
00:31:01.640 St. Petersburg with big glass windows. He's openly boasting about it. Uh, yesterday, uh, an announcement
00:31:10.140 that, um, he's no longer recruiting in Russian prisons, uh, that he, I guess part of the deal
00:31:17.220 was if you, um, if you agreed to go fight for them, uh, you, you know, you wouldn't serve the rest of your
00:31:23.200 sentence. I can't imagine that people were signing up, uh, you know, based to go on a battlefield based
00:31:29.100 on a four month sentence for shoplifting. So these were some pretty hard men that were, were signed
00:31:34.560 up for it. He's also now arguing with journalists, as I mentioned earlier, arguing with, uh, CNN's
00:31:41.360 Anderson Cooper, uh, publicly about the activities of, of the Wagner group. So it's, it's, it's a definite
00:31:47.180 change. Uh, this, you know, this puts him in a position, I, I guess, where he would really just be
00:31:57.300 restricted to living in Russia and not traveling internationally because most other countries
00:32:03.580 would, would be on the lookout for him, I would guess. I mean, absolutely now, but now, you know,
00:32:10.340 he has, um, you know, he's sort of crossed the Rubicon. He can't, he can't, um, sort of, uh, go back.
00:32:15.900 I mean, in terms of, you know, it's indicative of the fact, the fact that he was suing a journalist,
00:32:21.280 um, in London, even, you know, as late as, uh, early 2022, you know, just in the months before
00:32:28.020 the invasion showed that at that point, he still wanted to preserve the semblance of him being a
00:32:34.680 legitimate businessman and just a sort of, um, a normal guy, so to speak. And, um, that obviously
00:32:40.400 has been completely discarded. You know, he has been doing, um, as you said, you know, he's, he's
00:32:45.320 opened a corporate headquarters for an organization that he said didn't even exist. Um, you know,
00:32:50.920 a year ago, uh, but he's also becoming increasingly grotesque in, um, and, you know, sort of in the
00:32:57.560 violence he's celebrating, um, and his sort of social media signaling. So, you know, after a video
00:33:04.100 emerged, which, uh, purported to show, uh, defector from his, you know, mercenary outfit being murdered,
00:33:12.140 uh, with a sledgehammer by other mercenaries, he celebrated it online. Uh, then he also,
00:33:19.140 uh, someone put up a video, which, you know, again, not clear if it really happened, but,
00:33:25.220 you know, of him sending a sledgehammer, a bloodied sledgehammer in a violin case embossed
00:33:31.420 with a Wagner logo to the European parliament, you know, so he is almost, uh, like reveling in this
00:33:38.200 sort of, um, you know, this almost kind of pantomime evil, uh, in a way, which, uh, means there's
00:33:44.360 certainly no way back for him into, uh, respectable society. Um, but it is kind of remarkable that that
00:33:50.840 only happened after the invasion, you know, so basically before the invasion, um, yes, he was
00:33:56.660 sanctioned, uh, you know, and increasingly the sort of the, you know, the, the screws were tightened
00:34:02.360 on him, uh, and, you know, the U S you know, were sort of, um, sanctioning his, uh, private jets,
00:34:08.360 which were always held through shell companies and basically making life quite annoying for him.
00:34:13.000 Um, but he was largely able to kind of live relatively unmolested in terms of his, um,
00:34:19.400 his travel and, um, his family as well. And so it basically shows that up until then, the price
00:34:24.800 for running a sort of a murderous, uh, international criminal organization wasn't actually that high.
00:34:30.340 Right. And has it gotten higher in the last few months? Is he, or is he still traveling
00:34:35.560 freely in a evading, uh, attempts to pin him down? I mean, no, he, he can't, um, you know,
00:34:42.220 he can't travel to, um, outside of, you know, he can't travel to, um, the European union or anything
00:34:47.480 like that at the moment. But, um, but there is definitely another element, which is that as he's
00:34:52.420 now become an increasingly prominent public figure in Russia, it becomes much more of a high wire act
00:34:58.380 for him where, you know, he's been, he's been quite vocal and sort of stirring up a lot of trouble by
00:35:06.340 calling out, for example, the Russian minister of defense and criticizing generals and criticizing
00:35:12.720 the way the war's going and generally, uh, making himself probably quite unpopular with some pretty
00:35:18.880 powerful people who are very unlikely to sympathize with a man like him because, you know, the sort of
00:35:25.720 the powerful, you know, the security man in, um, you know, the people in the intelligence services and
00:35:31.660 the military in Russia, you know, he is not one of them. He is, uh, you know, a catering entrepreneur,
00:35:38.560 um, you know, instead of being a kind of street thug who has emerged into this strategic role in, um,
00:35:45.920 the Russian, um, invasion. But, um, by calling out, they will probably not, um, look on him very
00:35:52.100 favorably. And so he's making clearly making some powerful enemies. And I think the news that
00:35:56.960 the, um, Wagner group is no longer recruiting prisoners is very interesting because there's
00:36:01.980 a number of ways that that can be interpreted. Uh, obviously the, the, um, that was actually when
00:36:08.220 he first sort of broke cover was when, uh, a video surfaced, um, late last year of him in a prison
00:36:15.720 pitching the Wagner group to a bunch of prisoners and basically telling them the conditions of, um,
00:36:21.460 you know, what, what the deal would be. Um, and obviously the deal is that, um, no matter
00:36:26.020 how serious a crime you've committed, if you go and serve with them, and I think it's for
00:36:30.280 if you survive, I think for six months, then you get pardoned. Um, but the fatality rate
00:36:35.180 is huge. You know, this is a meat grinder. These people are being sent to the front and basically
00:36:39.780 just thrown over the top and, you know, being, um, you know, shot to pieces. And so, so many
00:36:45.580 people are dying out of those battalions that, um, it is understandable why prisoners might
00:36:51.440 say, well, you know, I've got, uh, another 15 years to serve on my sentence. I'd probably rather
00:36:56.500 just stay here. I think that's where I would be at. Do you have a sense of who would win in a battle
00:37:02.340 between, um, Prigozian and, and the people who serve directly under, uh, Vladimir Putin? Because
00:37:09.640 obviously he's a friend of Putin. So he's an ally of Putin. He's valuable to him. Which,
00:37:15.680 which group of thugs comes out on top in a dispute like this?
00:37:21.220 I think it would be fair to say that, um, ultimately, uh, you know, Prigozian is an outsider.
00:37:30.060 Um, and he's not going, he's not part of the, if you look at, um, Vladimir Putin, um, and the people
00:37:35.920 who've been close to him, they are all people, uh, they tend to be people with very similar backgrounds
00:37:40.600 to Putin as in people who served in the KGB, um, you know, people with a sort of, um, you know,
00:37:46.440 uh, intelligence officer sort of, um, hard mentality where, um, who sort of risen through
00:37:52.940 the apparatus in that way, whereas Prigozian is an outsider. And so I think he, um, it doesn't seem
00:37:58.400 plausible to me that he would ever be able to really, um, sort of gain power, um, or more influence
00:38:06.260 in Russia beyond what he really has. And maybe, you know, there's a point where there's, you know,
00:38:10.520 potentially we've seen his peak. I mean, you know, it's, uh, the fact that, um, you know,
00:38:16.600 if these reports are, you know, the way they're being interpreted is correct of the prisoners, um,
00:38:21.060 uh, not wanting to serve him anymore, how much more usefulness does he have? You know,
00:38:27.420 does he have a monopoly on private military companies? There are a number of, uh, Russian
00:38:31.900 private military companies. His is the most infamous, um, but he could probably quite easily
00:38:37.880 be replaced and he's annoyed quite a lot of people. So, um, I think, uh, it's going to be
00:38:44.460 very interesting to see what happens to him in the next six months to a year.
00:38:49.240 I'm sure either way, we will be hearing about it because as you say, he, um, he likes to make
00:38:54.300 a splash. He likes to be public these days with journalists. If you have not read the story yet,
00:39:00.240 it is Wagner Inc, a Russian warlord and his lawyers in the financial times from Miles Johnson. Miles,
00:39:06.480 thanks so much for your time today. Thank you. The full comment is a post media podcast. My name
00:39:12.600 is Brian Lilly, your host. This episode was produced by Andre Pru with theme music by Bryce Hall. Kevin
00:39:18.580 Libin is the executive producer. Remember you can subscribe to full comment on Apple podcasts,
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00:39:29.720 your friends all about us. Thanks for listening.