00:01:28.020And again, access to a wait list is not access to care.
00:01:31.300One of the big problems we have is that so many people view the idea of even discussing it as akin to grabbing onto the third rail,
00:01:38.380which is why a lot of people in politics, even those who probably think that, yeah, deregulating or getting government to back off a bit would be a good idea,
00:01:45.720people on the right don't want to go anywhere near it.
00:01:48.540Well, we never shy away from tackling the contentious subjects on this show.
00:01:52.680So it is with that that I want to talk to Dr. Sean Watley, who is also the former head of the Ontario Medical Association,
00:02:00.620but more notably right now is the author of the new book,
00:02:03.740When Politics Comes Before Patients, Why and How Canadian Medicare is Failing.
00:02:09.140Dr. Watley, great to talk to you. Thanks very much for coming on the show.
00:04:49.520And that's where the book gets into the ideas that, you know,
00:04:53.620who says it was okay for someone to plan that in the first place?
00:04:57.900Who says it's okay for a group of really smart people to decide when you need care versus you and your doc and your nurses and the team that you're working with.
00:05:06.440So that's where we try to dig deeper, that real and intentional.
00:05:10.900And I think Chief Justice Beverly McLaughlin nailed it in 2005 with that comment.
00:05:15.340And you address this in the book very well when you talk about people that might be on a bed in a hallway waiting for health care.
00:05:23.220And you say that when the doctor or the nurse isn't coming, it's not necessarily just because they're tied up,
00:05:28.420but because someone has, as you've just alluded to there, made a decision that prevents money from having there be an extra doctor or a nurse who can actually help that patient.
00:05:38.960And so I think what we need to do is to have a fearless, dispassionate discussion about how socialized medicine has actually delivered on our dreams for it.
00:05:49.420Did it live up to providing what we were hoping it would provide for patients?
00:05:53.620Or have the ideas that are baked into the system actually led to anti-patient policies, which often deny care and dignity to patients?
00:06:03.680And just a quick comment about the word socialized medicine.
00:06:06.080So, you know, Jim Carrey was on Bill Maher's show about two years ago, and he said, OK, I'm a Canadian, OK?
00:06:14.220And he went on to describe how wonderful it is and how important it is as a Canadian to have this thing called socialized medicine.
00:06:21.400I mentioned this not because I agree with his comments, but I wanted to highlight the fact that he made no apology for calling it socialized medicine.
00:06:31.200You know, a Harris poll in 2019 showed that 50 percent, actually more than 50 percent of voters under the age of 38 would prefer to live in a socialist country.
00:06:41.580So we don't have to shy away from using that term socialized as a descriptive term now.
00:06:46.960We're not trying to criticize someone.
00:06:50.140And so I think we need to look at socialized medicine itself and ask, how is it doing for patients?
00:06:56.620That's actually an interesting point you just raised there, because I don't hear it talked about as socialized by its defenders in Canada.
00:07:05.220The term they use, and I think I even use this in my preamble, was universal, because that's how Canadians view the system.
00:07:11.760And for any number of reasons that you address in the book and that I've covered on the show and that I've experienced in my own life, the system is not universal.
00:07:19.260But you are correct that it does change it slightly.
00:07:22.600And I think people's perception, if you use that term, socialize, which is really at its core what it's supposed to be.
00:07:29.040Right. So I'm so glad that you gave me the opportunity to expand on that, because universal care, you can get universal care many different ways.
00:07:37.100I think Canadians are very supportive of insurance, right?
00:07:40.080We love insurance. We're insured for just about everything.
00:07:42.280You can even insure your pets. You can insure your cows and all the rest.
00:07:45.380So we love insurance. And I think it would be wise to be insured against medical care or catastrophic illness, that sort of thing, or even regular, regular care.
00:07:55.860So let's move the insurance part out of the way.
00:07:58.460We can provide care for everyone, a universal approach without saying the only way to do it is with the government approach.
00:08:05.700So we'll move that to the side. You know, Tommy Douglas, he was the greatest Canadian, right?
00:08:11.880He was voted the greatest Canadian a while back and the father of Medicare by some people.
00:08:16.980In 1979, he was at the SOS Medicare conference.
00:08:20.320So the funding taps had been turned off by the federal government and everyone was really worried.
00:08:26.040Medicare was in crisis. He said, we all knew that there were two phases in Medicare.
00:08:30.840The first phase was to remove the barrier of payment between patients and care.
00:08:36.520But he said, the second phase is much more difficult. He said, the second phase, and he said, we've been talking about this in the 40s, 50s, and 60s.
00:08:43.840The second phase requires a redesign of their delivery systems.
00:08:49.520So we need to completely remake how patients get care.
00:08:55.380Do we focus on acute care or prevention and team care and that sort of thing?
00:08:59.420So that's where you get into socialized medicine, where you take the state, assuming, or I would argue usurping, I didn't use that word in the book, but I'm using it here now, taking control to try to rationally allocate care based on central planning ideas.
00:09:16.740Well, that's radically different from the way doctors and nurses think at the bedside.
00:09:20.400When we're talking about the dollars and cents required, obviously, there's a finite number.
00:09:26.440And one of my big frustrations outside of health care with government in general is oftentimes treating money as though it is this bottomless pit from which you can just keep drawing.
00:09:36.500But with health care, I'm of the mindset that if the government is to say, we are providing this and we are the only people that can provide this, you have to actually provide it.
00:09:45.600Now, we can talk about all the other ways we would rather see that system funded and constructed, but if government's going to do it, you have to do it effectively and efficiently.
00:09:54.380And what you've pointed out in the book here that I'm curious if you could elaborate on is how this kind of, in your words, pits legislators against care providers.
00:10:03.340And I know that prior to your role now with the Macdonald-Laurier Institute, and I know you're still practicing as a physician as well, you were actually at the helm of the Ontario Medical Association.
00:10:13.300So you've been in these very battles with governments.
00:10:16.740And explain how that really manifests, that pitting against that you talked about.
00:10:22.060And so we have an hour and a half for this television.
00:10:25.040So that is a fantastic question, Andrew, and really you nailed it on the head.
00:10:31.400And so just I'll try to be as brief as possible because you've asked a very, very complex question.
00:10:36.320Essentially, medicine is about provision, priority, and patients, individual patients.
00:10:43.180So doctors and nurses as well, nursing is this way as well, I believe, where we focus on providing care.
00:10:50.020So someone's in front of us, how can we provide care?
00:11:07.520And then finally, we're focusing on individual patients.
00:11:11.460Socialized medicine or the people who have to actually plan this whole thing on the civil service side, they're thinking about distribution of care.
00:11:19.820How is it distributed from province to province, from individual to individual, region, you know, urban, rural?
00:12:00.800You never had to ask a bed allocating department whether or not you could accept a sick patient in transfer from another small outlying hospital.
00:12:09.140That ended in the late 1980s, certainly by the 1990s.
00:12:14.000You had to get approval before you could actually provide care.
00:12:16.960But at the same time, there is something about this that has always been unsettling to me, which is that you've got doctors and nurses who are not in a position to strike.
00:12:28.900So any grievances that doctors and nurses want to raise about very legitimate concerns they have with their deal from the government, if you can even call it that, they're not like other professions that can say we're walking off the job.
00:12:40.900So at a certain point, they have to just deal with it and move on, and that is what happened here.
00:12:45.960But are doctors and nurses sounding the alarm about these issues?
00:12:50.220Because I know that there are loud groups like Canadian Doctors for Medicare that will very loudly and vocally claim to speak for the health care industry against anything they see as being a drift towards privatization.
00:13:02.760But when it comes to the system itself, where are the actual health care professionals on this?
00:13:27.380And I said, let me show you the wait times in our emergency department.
00:13:30.920Very, very short letter, very small paper.
00:13:33.980The next day, our CEO of the hospital got a call from the Minister of Health and said, and he said, listen, I've been helping you guys out.
00:13:42.200Do you need me to come down there and fix those wait times for you?
00:13:45.040So that's the level of involvement and sort of attention that hospitals have when it comes to their staff or people who work in their hospitals actually saying anything.
00:13:56.600So people are very, very scared about speaking out.
00:14:00.080If you have hospital privileges, I'd advise you don't speak out.
00:14:03.640Certainly if you're a nurse, you don't have the liberty, the option to actually raise alarm.
00:14:09.380There was a great case just a few years ago where a nurse actually just made a comment on Facebook.
00:14:14.060And she's I don't know if that court case is even settled, but she got in big, big trouble, lost her job.
00:15:18.600And when you have the conversation framed in those terms, some people might think it's, okay, well, just turn on the tap at full speed and let the money flow.
00:15:25.160And the problems will resolve themselves.
00:15:27.440And that's the concern I have when I do hear sometimes from healthcare professionals is that there seems to be this idea that, you know, if you just kind of unlimit or delimit the money, it's all going to make the problems go away.
00:17:07.780But we have to even dig deeper into the concepts.
00:17:10.780Who said it was okay for someone else to decide whether or not your care is warranted?
00:17:15.980And so when you talk about more money, more money has to rely on the concepts and the culture that will determine how that money is used.
00:17:26.880And so if you never have a conversation about the culture and the concepts, more money just goes to make more of what you already have.
00:17:34.940And so that's why I think money keeps failing.
00:17:36.880You talk a little bit about the way government's involvement tends to shape or, I guess, distort the role of health care.
00:17:46.340And you talk about this weirdly one-sided employer-employee relationship where government wants the control of an employer, but not the overall responsibility for the company's output.
00:17:57.240And the company in this case would just be the health care system of whichever province.
00:18:01.780And you talk about, I mean, in a lot of ways, the demise of self-regulation.
00:18:47.800You won't actually solve problems that are meaningful to patients.
00:18:51.560So you need to have a collaborative approach as opposed to a oppositional approach.
00:18:56.300What happens, though, is as time goes on and you get more and more regulations, you have this regulatory ratchet, which gets tighter and tighter and tighter.
00:22:09.340But I argue in the book that actually the whole system of thinking underlying Medicare right now leads to those kinds of behaviors inevitably.
00:22:17.820So we need to face up to the ideas behind it and say, well, what other ideas might we think about first?
00:22:26.740And so I talk about obviously focusing on a patient, but I'll just give you one idea from the end of the book.
00:23:26.120And then someone checks and, oh, yeah, they did forget about you.
00:23:28.920And your name fell off the tracking board or whatever.
00:23:31.580So I think starting with a refocus on relationships is just one small idea that if we make sure everybody gets a great relationship, then we'll start seeing a more robust focus on giving the care and dignity of care back to patients.
00:23:51.720And really, again, you've asked me to give the answer for the whole next book.
00:23:55.080Yeah, and it is really that distinction between my doctor versus the doctor.
00:24:01.480And in a lot of cases, the distinction between a relationship someone might have with a family doctor cultivated over years and just, you know, whichever resident, you know, was able to come by for 90 seconds at the bedside in the emergency room.
00:24:13.520So I do think there's an important distinction there.