00:02:33.680numbers? What was the difference between the 2019 map and the 2021 map?
00:02:37.520Well, very little. I mean, I'd have to go back and check, but I believe this is the Canadian election with the smallest amount of changes from the previous campaign. So the Liberals picked up two seats over 2019, ending up 159. Conservatives lost two seats.
00:02:56.280The Greens lost a seat. An Independent, obviously, Jody Wilson-Raybould didn't run again, so Independents went down one, and both the Block and the NDP went up one seat.
00:03:10.060I think you could say it's fairly, you know, there's been a lot of coverage of how it's been disappointing for everybody, and I think that's accurate.
00:03:16.100Everybody came out of this election expecting to have done significantly better. No one overperformed, with the possible exception of the PPC, but they didn't win any seats either, so they've got lots to be disappointed about as well.
00:03:30.380Yeah, it did feel like everyone was a loser. I know that the Liberals technically won the election and they walked away, but obviously Justin Trudeau planned and devised this whole campaign so that he would get a majority government, and he didn't get that.
00:03:43.080So just by virtue of him not getting a majority, it was like he lost. Well, Hamish, you came up with a really nifty guide for us during the election, the 45 ridings to watch, and you sort of broke them down by the key seats that the Liberals had to win,
00:03:58.500the key seats that the Conservatives would have to win, and the ones that the NDP would have to win in order to make the inroads that they needed.
00:04:06.460So maybe that would be a good place to start to determine who picked up what they needed to win.
00:04:12.560Well, as I said, nobody made a big breakthrough. So if we look at the list of, you know, we had 20 ridings the Liberals need to win.
00:04:20.040They won Vancouver-Ranville. Jody Wilson-Raybould wasn't running again. They didn't pick up any of the seats they had targeted in Quebec.
00:04:26.340They won St. John's East off the NDP in Newfoundland and Labrador, as predicted, although that was actually closer than expected.
00:04:34.800You know, the NDP had lost a long-time popular local MP, and they wasn't sure that his popularity would transfer their new candidate.
00:04:43.100They actually did pretty well there. The Liberals successfully picked up Fredericton.
00:04:48.300That was the seat the Greens had won last time. The Green MP, Jenica Atwin, had crossed to the Liberals.
00:04:54.120It ended up being a very, very closer race. The Greens were far, far behind, and the Conservatives actually did quite well,
00:05:00.180but the Liberals still managed to hang on to it, winning there.
00:05:03.580They didn't make the gains in the West. They broadly expect her in British Columbia.
00:05:09.260There was a bunch of seats in British Columbia they had targeted, but they picked up Cloverdale-Langley City as sort of their one pickup in BC.
00:05:17.940In Alberta, they picked up Calgary Skyview and Edmonton Centre, and then in Ontario, they picked up Aurora, Oak Ridges, Richmond Hill, which were all on the list.
00:05:33.940But there's a lot of other seats that they didn't win. A seat like Charleswood, St. James, and Sineboya, that was certainly on their list in the Winnipeg area, went down to a recount.
00:05:45.140The Conservatives were ahead by only 24 votes before the recount. After the recount, the Conservatives won by, I think, about 400.
00:05:52.340So it was certainly close, and the Liberals picked up a few of their targets, but not very many, and left a lot of seats on the table.
00:05:59.540And what's interesting is that in a lot of areas, the biggest change was that incumbents did better.
00:06:05.500So if you look at the seats that the Liberals tried to pick up off the block, or even the ones that tried to pick up off the Conservatives, you know, a good example is West Nova in Nova Scotia, where the Conservatives in 2019 won by about less than 3%.
00:06:16.620You know, the Conservatives won by a much, much larger margin this time.
00:06:20.840We saw incumbents, the incumbents that survived, generally won with much larger margins, especially non-liberal incumbents.
00:06:27.280So, you know, the Liberals did, they picked up a few of their seats, but they also lost some on the other side.
00:06:32.740So they ended up in a situation where they were still plus 2.
00:06:36.480So you had 12 Tory targets, and these were 12 Liberal-held seats that you thought that the Conservatives would have to win to make the gains.
00:06:44.680I know that one of them in here, Peter Burrow-Kortha, the former member of Parliament, Maryam Monsef, and the former Cabinet Minister, she lost.
00:06:52.780Were there any other seats in this list that went to the Conservatives?
00:06:57.480I know they didn't do very well in the 905.
00:06:59.920They wouldn't have won seats like the one in Richmond Hill or King Vaughn, but were there any other upsets?
00:07:06.780No, the Conservatives did win King Vaughn.
00:07:09.380Yeah. So, you know, in the 905, the Conservatives lost two seats, Markham Unionville and Aurora Oak Ridge's Richmond Hill, but they picked up the Kin Vaughn seats, so for a net of minus one.
00:07:21.280On this list, they picked up Miramichi Grand Lake by a decent margin, but not perhaps as much as they would have liked.
00:07:28.800They picked up Peter Burrow-Kortha, defeating Cabinet Minister Maryam Monsef, as you correctly pointed out.
00:07:38.160They won a different seat in rural Newfoundland.
00:07:39.860Bonavista-Burin Trinity was reasonably close, but they won another seat in central Newfoundland, Costa Bay's central Nautsla Dam.
00:07:50.120So they won some seats like that, but, you know, on the whole, they're net down minus two, mainly because of losses between Alberta and BC.
00:08:03.360So the seats that they did pick up in Atlantic Canada, the four seats they picked up in Atlantic Canada were not enough to overcome those losses, which is why they ended up down minus two.
00:08:20.820So one of the interesting takeaways is how the Conservatives just didn't really make the inroads that they were looking in suburban parts of the country, so mostly the 905, as well as Vancouver.
00:08:32.100They didn't pick up seats in Vancouver, they actually shed some.
00:08:35.380So what happened and why did that, why did they lose those seats?
00:08:40.200Well, I mean, look, the Conservatives lost across the 905, they lost 50,000 votes.
00:08:43.760They didn't get the votes out that they did last time, which certainly would have helped in a bunch of those seats.
00:08:47.900But one of the things that unites a lot of the seats that they didn't win, other ones that they lost or the ones they'd hoped to have win didn't, is a significant Chinese population, Chinese Canadian population.
00:08:59.000So we saw the Conservatives losing Richmond, Steveston Richmond East, Markham Unionville in Ontario, and also seats like Aurora Oak Ridge's Richmond Hill, which has a little bit of, has some Chinese Canadian population,
00:09:16.400and Richmond Hill, which was a seat which was very close in the last election, was not as close this time.
00:09:23.820You know, the Chinese Canadian population had been, for the last decade, big supporters of the Conservative Party.
00:09:29.460The Conservatives done very, very well with that group of Canadians.
00:09:32.580And we saw a significant, significant drop this time, which hurt the Conservatives, both in the lower mainland and in the 905.
00:09:41.180One of the stories that came out, I know that Aaron O'Toole sort of took a firm on China stance and was talking a little bit about how China deals unfairly on the world stage,
00:09:52.800their human rights abuses, their trade abuses.
00:09:55.220And he was sort of presenting himself as a tough on China type guy.
00:09:58.920And Trudeau sort of twisted that and accused him of stoking anti-Chinese bigotry and hatred.
00:10:05.460And then we saw a story about WeChat, the Chinese social networking texting app.
00:10:13.040Basically, there was some kind of, I don't know if it's verified or not, but there was some kind of a campaign run from Beijing to encourage Chinese Canadians not to vote for the Conservatives.
00:10:24.120So can you tell us a little bit more about that?
00:10:26.820And do you think that that had an impact?
00:10:28.440Well, there was an entirely parallel, just as campaigns have evolved on English-speaking social networks like Facebook,
00:10:36.660there's an entirely different parallel campaign being fought strongly and viciously and with great intensity on WeChat in Chinese.
00:10:46.800And there's a lot of accusations and it's really no holds barred politics on that app.
00:10:54.660You know, there's been allegations that a lot of the anti-Conservative messages came from, you know, accounts associated with the Chinese government.
00:11:07.340I obviously am not an expert in these things.
00:11:08.880I don't know which accounts these things came from.
00:11:11.120But it certainly seemed that there was a coordinated and concerted attack on the Conservatives on WeChat,
00:11:18.080which I think had a big, big impact in Chinese-Canadian communities.
00:14:00.340It would have been really interesting.
00:14:02.060But the PPC vote was not the determining factor in the election.
00:14:06.720Can you offer some insight or help us understand this a little further?
00:14:11.360Yeah, I mean, the Liberal vote has become extraordinarily efficient.
00:14:16.760And I imagine if we looked at those results that some of the ones that the Liberals won by would have been winning by dozens or hundreds of votes.
00:14:24.880You know, we would see the Liberals win a lot of seats by very little and Conservatives win a lot of seats by an awful lot.
00:14:33.320So we're in a situation where, you know, that Liberal vote has become very, very efficient, especially in Ontario.
00:14:41.400But it speaks to a Conservative need to really break through in the 905.
00:14:46.960We can't, you know, Conservatives can't be hoping just to add an extra percent here or percent there.
00:14:52.520You know, if Conservatives want to win, you know, the 20-odd seats in the 905, which is what they need to do in order to win government, they should be able to, they need to be winning these seats cleanly, as Harper did in 2011, as Doug Ford did in 2018.
00:15:10.160And as, you know, Mike Harris did historically in the late 90s.
00:15:15.260So the Conservatives need to win these seats by a lot.
00:15:18.300There's a lot more work to do in terms of figuring out what needs to do to get more votes out.
00:15:23.640But they have to start from the point that the number of votes we got in the 905 in 2021 was, you know, Conservatives lost 50,000 votes.
00:15:34.320Wow, yeah, absolutely, especially given the strategy of the campaign there.
00:15:39.740A lot of people are now talking, Hamish, about the need for electoral reform, just given that the popular vote is so lopsided with the seat count.
00:15:48.420And, you know, if you look at, there's been a graph circulating on social media showing the percentage of the popular vote that the Prime Minister has gotten.
00:15:57.420You said that the Trudeau Liberals have gotten increasingly, you know, concise in how they campaign.
00:16:04.320But that's not necessarily good for the country, given that they're not winning the majority or even the plurality of votes.
00:16:09.860I know this is sort of not necessarily your area of expertise, but what do you think of the idea of electoral reform and proportional representation here in Canada?
00:16:18.880Look, I think that I traditionally have not been a big fan of electoral reform, but I'm a sort of a traditionalist conservative sort of fellow, so I don't like big change.
00:16:29.560But I think you could see Canada moving towards a system similar to what they have in Germany and New Zealand, a hybrid system where somewhere between a half and two thirds of the MPs are still elected in constituencies like we have right now.
00:16:42.660And then there's a group of MPs that are elected from a list, which would make the overall result more proportional, maybe not strictly proportional, more proportional.
00:16:53.200I think ending up in a system like that with something would be, I don't think that's inconceivable in Canada.
00:16:59.340I just don't think it's in anyone's interest.
00:17:01.140You know, the Liberals aren't interested in that kind of a change.
00:17:03.800The Conservatives are doing well, would do well without it now, but never would have had a majority government.
00:17:12.720So I don't I don't I don't I'm not holding my breath.
00:17:17.700I'm not sure it's a good idea, but I could be persuaded that it is.
00:17:20.660But I don't think it's going to happen in in a very, very, very long time in this country.
00:17:26.720Well, especially because, I mean, Trudeau was once a proponent of it.
00:17:30.220He once campaigned on it and promised that the 2015 election would be the last election ever determined by the first pass to post system.
00:17:36.720But then he won a majority in that government and in that election and realized that, hey, this voting system isn't all that bad if I can win a majority.
00:17:43.600So surprise, surprise, a politician doing something in their own self-interest.
00:17:48.720Hamish, thank you so much for joining us and for providing insight.
00:17:51.680Thank you for joining us throughout the election campaign.
00:17:54.200You really helped add a lot of insight and color to the election, helping us understand what was going on out there.