Leo D.M.J. Aurini - Nietzsche & the New Testament Part 1： Setting the Stage

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00:00:29.720 This video is brought to you by Mr. Davis, who asks that I contrast Nietzsche's philosophy,

00:00:35.440 specifically from Thus Spoke Zarathustra, to the New Testament.

00:00:40.020 And this is an excellent, excellent question, because Nietzsche is one of the most misunderstood philosophers of all time.

00:00:47.920 Many of his adherents think that all of his talk about God is dead, there is no morality, and become an ubermensch,

00:00:55.380 which means that they can do whatever they want. They can stomp upon the weak, they can ignore rules,

00:01:03.920 whereas his detractors criticize those people for being nothing but hedonists,

00:01:09.280 who wind up dead in a gutter with a needle sticking out of their arm.

00:01:13.900 The great irony about all of this is that both sides are interpreting Nietzsche as a nihilist,

00:01:19.940 when the whole point of his philosophy was to combat the nihilism that he saw engulfing Western civilization at the time.

00:01:29.060 And remember, folks, history, philosophy, it moved slowly.

00:01:33.820 Nietzsche was only a couple weeks ago, in historical terms,

00:01:36.900 and the nihilism that he saw engulfing civilization, well, look out the window. It's everywhere now.

00:01:43.700 Now, to do this video justice, it's going to have to be a two-parter.

00:01:49.980 I need to set the stage, initially, talking about the history of theology, of moral development,

00:01:58.240 of philosophical development that's been happening over the millennia.

00:02:02.860 And to kick that off, we are going to go back to the beginnings of recorded history,

00:02:08.960 or going back to 4000 BC, to the Sumerian religion.

00:02:13.840 And we're going to start by looking at them.

00:02:18.200 Now, the Sumerians.

00:02:21.380 Interpreting the Sumerians, interpreting the paganism that the Bible talks about,

00:02:26.600 that existed back then, can be a bit challenging to the modern mind.

00:02:29.960 See, when I say paganism, most Westerners would think of Kurnunos, or Odin, or Apollo,

00:02:38.560 or maybe the gods from Dungeons and Dragons.

00:02:41.420 All of which are patriarchal religions with very distinct roles for everything.

00:02:48.900 You know what Apollo is, you know what Odin stands for, and you know where to find Kurnunos.

00:02:55.000 And the D&D gods, they have charts listing exactly what they do, what their pantheon is, etc.

00:03:03.960 Sumerian religion was nothing like that at all.

00:03:07.200 And one of the challenges in investigating it, in the anthropology, the archaeology of looking at it,

00:03:15.880 is that it changed year to year.

00:03:18.700 You see, the Sumerian religion was treated the way that we treat our fairy tales.

00:03:30.260 Sumerian religion did not have distinct creation myths.

00:03:33.820 It did not have nailed down gods and goddesses, each with their own role,

00:03:39.460 each with part of the creation story, this is how the universe began, this is how it's going to end.

00:03:44.720 Rather, it was treated like poetry.

00:03:48.520 It was an art form, writing these mythos, and they would rewrite them generation to generation, year to year.

00:03:56.120 It was faddish, it was solipsistic, and in fact, the abyss, the nihilism that Nietzsche talks about,

00:04:04.560 this is what existed at the time.

00:04:06.460 Each of these gods and goddesses, they would exist with certain dominant traits that happen in the story.

00:04:16.120 But those traits could change.

00:04:18.500 You weren't required to follow the story the same way each time.

00:04:21.420 Much the way that Disney reinterprets The Little Mermaid, and nobody's angry about that, you know,

00:04:28.680 it didn't destroy the original.

00:04:30.440 You want to go read the Hans Christian Andersen book, it's still there.

00:04:33.500 Disney didn't destroy that, they just did their version of it.

00:04:38.860 Same way that Shakespeare rewrote historical events, but he wrote them into a narrative with a morality at the end,

00:04:50.340 and nobody's angry at him for misrepresenting history.

00:04:55.100 We understand that it's just a story, and that's fine with stories.

00:04:58.720 But the Sumerians did this with their very fundamentals of creation.

00:05:04.860 Creation would vary from day to day.

00:05:07.840 It was whatever you felt like it being.

00:05:11.320 And fundamentally, all of these gods and goddesses, they were always paired up.

00:05:17.720 It was a god pursuing his goddess and doing whatever she wanted to do.

00:05:24.040 It was the modern solipsism of rewriting your history, of rewriting what happened,

00:05:29.620 to serve the narcissistic self, to serve the ego.

00:05:33.700 And the result of all of this was bloodshed.

00:05:37.500 Keep in mind, the fundamental fact of human nature is blood and cannibalism.

00:05:45.440 We need somebody to pay for all the stuff that went wrong.

00:05:49.960 We're imperfect beings, and we need to blame somebody.

00:05:53.920 And so with ancient Sumeria, because it was entirely subjective,

00:05:57.840 it was, well, who paid for it?

00:06:00.940 Slaves paid for it.

00:06:02.260 Children paid for it.

00:06:05.040 Massive orgies and licentiousness followed up with murder and blood.

00:06:10.540 If you want a modern corollary to what was going on back then,

00:06:14.660 is the celebrity culture.

00:06:17.300 Because again, we have descended into that solipsistic abyss,

00:06:21.440 and we no longer have religion, we no longer have a god,

00:06:25.540 or a raison d'etre.

00:06:28.000 Our societies are empty, consumerist black holes.

00:06:32.760 And so who do we worship?

00:06:34.640 We worship celebrities.

00:06:36.420 We take Britney Spears.

00:06:37.780 We raise her up, make her the summer queen,

00:06:43.160 and celebrate her as the perfect version of femininity of humanity.

00:06:48.600 And then, when her fans have had their fill,

00:06:52.640 they rip her down, and they eat her alive.

00:06:57.280 So, we've managed to make it a little bit less bloody nowadays with the mass media,

00:07:01.580 but this is what's going on in ancient Sumeria.

00:07:04.760 In response to this,

00:07:10.220 in response to this solipsistic,

00:07:12.200 hey, whatever you feel like goes,

00:07:14.300 this bloody, pointless nonsense

00:07:16.860 that was retarding the growth of civilization,

00:07:20.220 you start getting religions like Judaism.

00:07:26.740 Judaism rejected the solipsistic female principle

00:07:30.780 and embraced the masculine principle of this is the law.

00:07:36.380 And that's what the Jews are.

00:07:37.820 They are the people of the law

00:07:39.320 who follow the rules of the book.

00:07:42.260 They're not very good people,

00:07:44.240 and they know that,

00:07:46.500 and so instead of second-guessing all of the rules,

00:07:49.040 they just follow the rules.

00:07:51.540 You know, there's one Jewish rabbi

00:07:55.480 I read that he was opining

00:07:57.500 that the reason the Jews are so successful

00:08:00.360 in contemporary society

00:08:02.080 is because they follow the rules,

00:08:03.820 is because they do their duty.

00:08:05.740 They know that they're terrible people,

00:08:07.900 and their salvation is just following the rules

00:08:10.100 without thinking about it,

00:08:11.660 which does lead to success.

00:08:13.840 Now, obviously, they're also a very intelligent people,

00:08:16.620 and that helps things,

00:08:17.740 but they are very disciplined.

00:08:18.860 Even the worst amongst them

00:08:20.920 are growing up in a culture

00:08:22.420 of extreme discipline,

00:08:24.940 of social expectations.

00:08:28.080 And so when people look at the Old Testament,

00:08:30.940 and they see this wrathful,

00:08:33.460 this vengeful God,

00:08:36.180 and that's because the context

00:08:38.000 that this is coming out of

00:08:39.420 is this solipsistic, hedonistic,

00:08:42.780 abyss-dwelling,

00:08:44.500 whatever you feel like.

00:08:46.140 Oh, you got pregnant,

00:08:47.120 well, just murder the baby.

00:08:48.120 You know, sacrifice it to Moloch.

00:08:51.000 You know, that's African gods,

00:08:54.440 but it's the same thing.

00:08:57.040 Do whatever you feel like.

00:08:58.320 Don't take responsibility for anything.

00:09:02.520 And so the Jewish religion,

00:09:04.860 the Old Testament,

00:09:06.040 is all about taking responsibility.

00:09:08.940 You did wrong.

00:09:09.860 No, you don't get to blame Britney Spears.

00:09:12.260 You don't get to blame somebody else.

00:09:15.040 Eye for an eye.

00:09:16.000 You accept the punishment.

00:09:18.860 And you can see this.

00:09:22.380 You know what?

00:09:23.120 Look at Moses.

00:09:25.000 Moses goes up Mount Zion,

00:09:27.820 and he has his acid trip,

00:09:31.700 and he comes back down

00:09:33.040 with the Ten Commandments.

00:09:34.540 And what does he find?

00:09:37.220 These Jewish people he just saved

00:09:40.700 from Egyptian slavery,

00:09:42.680 what are they doing?

00:09:44.500 They're running around,

00:09:45.640 they're getting drunk,

00:09:46.860 and they're swapping wives,

00:09:48.920 and they're worshipping golden calves,

00:09:51.140 which is the worship of an idol

00:09:53.240 is a metaphor for the worship of the self.

00:09:55.760 It's instead of,

00:09:56.680 see,

00:09:56.840 that God

00:09:58.080 is going to hold you accountable.

00:10:00.440 You know,

00:10:00.640 that God,

00:10:01.340 he doesn't give a shit

00:10:02.920 about how you feel.

00:10:03.840 He just wants you to do the right thing.

00:10:05.340 But the golden calf

00:10:06.500 tells you whatever you want.

00:10:08.760 You know,

00:10:09.000 the golden calf

00:10:09.820 is like the astrology.

00:10:12.400 You know,

00:10:12.680 how many people out there

00:10:15.060 read an astrological,

00:10:17.720 a horoscope,

00:10:18.980 how many of them

00:10:19.760 go to an astrologer

00:10:21.100 and get kicked in the ass

00:10:22.680 and said,

00:10:23.120 you did wrong,

00:10:23.940 you need to fix it.

00:10:24.920 No,

00:10:25.500 no.

00:10:26.560 Astrology is all about

00:10:27.420 patting yourself on the back

00:10:28.480 and feeling good about yourself.

00:10:29.700 Same thing with the golden calf.

00:10:31.280 So,

00:10:31.900 he comes down with these ten commandments,

00:10:32.980 and there you go.

00:10:34.260 There you go.

00:10:34.620 He leaves for a few days,

00:10:36.640 and they're already back

00:10:38.000 to their old habits.

00:10:39.180 So he has to smash

00:10:40.280 the ten commandments on the ground,

00:10:41.880 goes back up the mountain,

00:10:42.880 and gets a second set.

00:10:44.600 And the second set,

00:10:46.040 they're not about being a good person.

00:10:48.380 They're just about following

00:10:49.520 the basic rules

00:10:50.740 that you need for civilization.

00:10:52.860 It's like,

00:10:53.480 it's idiot level.

00:10:54.920 It's training wheels.

00:10:57.980 So,

00:10:58.940 the Old Testament,

00:10:59.700 yes,

00:10:59.900 it is a wrathful God

00:11:00.820 because people are being

00:11:01.740 bloody idiots.

00:11:02.600 Like, look,

00:11:02.920 you people are so stupid,

00:11:05.040 you need training wheels

00:11:06.060 on this bike.

00:11:07.760 So that's the Old Testament.

00:11:10.560 Very disciplined,

00:11:12.100 legalistic.

00:11:14.900 Next,

00:11:16.060 we get to Christianity.

00:11:17.680 we get to the magic

00:11:20.900 of forgiveness.

00:11:25.500 Now, here's the thing.

00:11:26.460 If you follow the rules,

00:11:28.740 you know,

00:11:29.440 people like to say nowadays,

00:11:30.520 an eye for an eye

00:11:31.200 will leave the whole world blind.

00:11:32.520 Well, no.

00:11:33.060 It will leave the whole world

00:11:34.420 with only one eye,

00:11:36.060 which is not very efficient.

00:11:37.900 But having only one eye

00:11:39.320 is better than the massive

00:11:41.420 bloodbaths and orgies

00:11:43.060 that were happening

00:11:43.680 prior to that.

00:11:44.620 It was a step forward.

00:11:47.340 But even then,

00:11:48.200 back in Jewish times,

00:11:49.520 the thing is about,

00:11:50.460 the thing about evil

00:11:51.420 is,

00:11:52.940 and, you know,

00:11:53.740 this is the quote

00:11:54.220 from Star Trek.

00:11:55.220 You know,

00:11:55.540 it's faster,

00:11:56.980 it's easier,

00:11:57.600 but it's not more powerful.

00:11:59.820 Evil spreads faster

00:12:00.920 than good.

00:12:02.080 You know,

00:12:02.340 in one day,

00:12:03.080 you can do more evil

00:12:04.080 than you can make up for

00:12:05.080 in your entire lifetime.

00:12:07.040 And so even with the Jews,

00:12:08.860 even following the law,

00:12:10.000 they still needed

00:12:11.080 a release valve

00:12:11.900 for all of this evil.

00:12:12.840 And that was the scapegoat.

00:12:15.500 You know,

00:12:15.800 it's like every so often

00:12:16.740 the sins of the community,

00:12:18.300 the bad blood,

00:12:19.080 would just build up

00:12:19.880 to the point

00:12:20.420 that we need to sacrifice

00:12:21.800 a goat.

00:12:22.740 You know,

00:12:22.940 put all the sins on it,

00:12:23.860 send it out to the wilderness

00:12:24.660 to die.

00:12:27.240 Christianity

00:12:27.640 goes the next step further.

00:12:30.300 That humans demand

00:12:31.760 the sacrifice.

00:12:33.080 Somebody needs to pay

00:12:34.940 because we're all bad people.

00:12:37.280 And ultimately,

00:12:37.960 the only being

00:12:40.220 that could pay

00:12:40.920 that massive debt

00:12:41.940 is God himself.

00:12:45.340 And so Jesus comes to earth,

00:12:47.140 he bleeds,

00:12:48.640 he dies,

00:12:49.620 we cannibalize him

00:12:50.800 because that's the only way

00:12:52.600 that,

00:12:52.840 that's the only thing

00:12:53.380 that balances out

00:12:54.440 the equation

00:12:55.520 between good and evil.

00:12:58.080 But see,

00:12:58.480 along with this

00:12:59.400 comes the miracle

00:13:01.120 of forgiveness,

00:13:01.960 the magic,

00:13:02.940 the spark

00:13:03.840 of all of this.

00:13:05.360 for example,

00:13:09.340 the adulteress,

00:13:12.260 you know,

00:13:12.540 he who is without sin

00:13:14.100 casts the first stone.

00:13:17.080 Now,

00:13:17.560 when Jesus

00:13:17.920 encounters

00:13:19.040 the adulteress

00:13:20.220 and all the men

00:13:22.160 in the village

00:13:22.620 are upset,

00:13:24.380 he does not say

00:13:25.340 she doesn't deserve

00:13:26.120 to be stoned to death.

00:13:26.940 She does.

00:13:28.580 You know,

00:13:28.800 we all deserve

00:13:29.700 to be punished

00:13:30.380 for our sins.

00:13:31.520 We're all bad people

00:13:32.420 that have screwed

00:13:33.040 people over,

00:13:33.900 that have been unkind,

00:13:35.460 that have been cruel,

00:13:36.780 and we all deserve

00:13:38.020 the punishment.

00:13:39.880 But see,

00:13:40.200 this is going

00:13:40.540 to the next level.

00:13:42.080 It's the forgiveness,

00:13:43.700 the idea that

00:13:44.700 by this woman

00:13:46.120 accepting

00:13:46.960 the fact

00:13:48.020 that she needs

00:13:48.520 to be punished,

00:13:49.380 by embracing

00:13:50.240 the need

00:13:51.840 for punishment,

00:13:53.680 we can actually

00:13:54.420 forego the punishment

00:13:55.480 and move forward.

00:13:58.260 That we can be

00:13:59.200 better

00:13:59.940 than just following

00:14:01.240 the rules.

00:14:01.720 Now,

00:14:01.840 this doesn't mean

00:14:02.320 that we throw

00:14:03.360 the rules out.

00:14:04.840 It means that

00:14:05.440 if you know

00:14:05.840 what you're doing,

00:14:07.240 you don't need

00:14:08.200 the training wheels.

00:14:10.100 If you're actually

00:14:11.280 skilled at riding

00:14:13.000 a bicycle,

00:14:14.480 the training wheels

00:14:15.540 are never going

00:14:16.680 to hit the ground.

00:14:18.500 Now,

00:14:19.140 you're still

00:14:19.760 obeying

00:14:20.760 the training wheels,

00:14:22.480 you're still

00:14:22.940 following down

00:14:24.080 that straight

00:14:24.960 and narrow

00:14:25.360 and you're not

00:14:25.820 tipping over,

00:14:27.060 but you don't

00:14:27.760 need the training

00:14:28.800 wheels anymore.

00:14:29.540 You don't need

00:14:30.680 the law

00:14:31.720 because you

00:14:32.500 now understand

00:14:33.220 the purpose

00:14:33.900 behind the law,

00:14:35.060 the idea

00:14:35.800 behind the law.

00:14:37.840 The Jews,

00:14:39.440 for instance,

00:14:40.380 they still

00:14:40.880 follow the law

00:14:41.580 strictly.

00:14:42.420 Take pork

00:14:43.660 and shellfish.

00:14:45.320 There's very

00:14:45.960 good reasons

00:14:46.860 why,

00:14:47.840 if you're living

00:14:48.420 in, you know,

00:14:49.920 3,000 years ago,

00:14:51.540 that you should

00:14:52.200 not be eating

00:14:52.680 pork and shellfish.

00:14:53.600 It's very dangerous,

00:14:55.480 et cetera.

00:14:55.920 Nowadays,

00:14:58.740 with modern

00:14:59.140 refrigeration,

00:15:00.020 that doesn't

00:15:00.520 really make sense

00:15:01.340 anymore.

00:15:03.600 And so this is

00:15:04.220 where Jesus says,

00:15:05.240 don't worry about

00:15:05.680 what you're putting

00:15:06.120 in your body,

00:15:06.660 worry about what

00:15:07.160 you're putting

00:15:07.500 in your mind.

00:15:08.960 Because in your

00:15:09.960 mind,

00:15:10.380 if you are

00:15:11.020 thinking,

00:15:11.700 if you are

00:15:12.100 being responsible,

00:15:13.400 if you are

00:15:13.920 riding that bike

00:15:14.740 and keeping it

00:15:15.440 balanced,

00:15:16.500 you don't need

00:15:17.660 to have a bunch

00:15:18.680 of blind rules

00:15:19.820 telling you

00:15:20.360 what to do

00:15:20.820 because you are

00:15:21.360 going to follow

00:15:23.040 the spirit

00:15:23.720 of those rules.

00:15:25.920 Now,

00:15:27.740 the dangerous

00:15:28.300 part of this

00:15:29.160 is that

00:15:30.980 the undisciplined

00:15:31.820 Christian,

00:15:33.300 the modern

00:15:34.820 Christian in the

00:15:36.440 abyss,

00:15:37.780 hears about the,

00:15:38.600 hears that,

00:15:39.040 oh,

00:15:39.160 I don't have

00:15:39.520 to follow the

00:15:40.000 rules?

00:15:40.600 That means I

00:15:41.200 can just lay

00:15:41.660 my bike

00:15:42.100 at the side

00:15:42.620 of the road

00:15:43.260 and, you know,

00:15:45.040 I'm fine.

00:15:45.960 I'm saved.

00:15:47.220 Well, no,

00:15:47.600 that's not what

00:15:48.120 it means.

00:15:48.540 It's a very much

00:15:49.360 a higher wisdom

00:15:50.520 sort of a thing.

00:15:51.880 It's a very

00:15:52.240 dangerous

00:15:53.360 philosophy

00:15:55.040 to push on

00:15:55.760 people

00:15:55.940 because it's

00:15:56.280 so easily

00:15:57.300 misunderstood.

00:15:59.180 The simple fact

00:15:59.760 is most people

00:16:00.240 are absolute

00:16:00.880 idiots

00:16:01.440 and they,

00:16:03.520 you need to

00:16:04.020 start by telling

00:16:04.620 them basic

00:16:05.660 rules.

00:16:06.100 You know,

00:16:06.260 when you have

00:16:06.680 kids,

00:16:07.100 you raise them

00:16:07.760 to give them

00:16:08.820 basic rules.

00:16:10.160 Just do this.

00:16:12.140 You know,

00:16:12.320 make your bed,

00:16:13.100 brush your teeth.

00:16:14.140 You know,

00:16:14.700 you need to

00:16:15.680 give them

00:16:15.920 the basic

00:16:16.560 rules before,

00:16:17.800 you need to

00:16:18.120 give them

00:16:18.300 training wheels

00:16:18.900 before they

00:16:20.460 can do that

00:16:20.920 amazing magic

00:16:21.840 of riding

00:16:22.960 a bicycle.

00:16:25.600 And really,

00:16:26.100 just think about

00:16:26.800 that metaphor,

00:16:27.780 the bicycle.

00:16:28.420 The idea

00:16:29.160 that you can

00:16:30.840 ride down

00:16:32.580 the road

00:16:33.040 on two

00:16:34.020 thin little

00:16:34.700 wheels

00:16:35.140 and actually

00:16:36.400 steer yourself.

00:16:37.680 Counter-steering

00:16:38.560 on a motorcycle,

00:16:39.580 when you're

00:16:39.820 at a high

00:16:40.120 enough speed,

00:16:40.740 you actually

00:16:41.060 turn the,

00:16:42.320 you turn

00:16:43.240 in the opposite

00:16:44.400 direction that

00:16:45.100 you want to

00:16:45.660 go in.

00:16:46.760 You know,

00:16:46.920 how ridiculously

00:16:48.180 insane

00:16:49.120 is that?

00:16:50.440 And that's

00:16:51.020 that spark

00:16:51.780 of divine

00:16:53.400 magic

00:16:54.000 that you

00:16:54.860 get.

00:16:57.560 Now,

00:16:57.940 Christianity,

00:16:59.640 we can't

00:17:02.780 finish there,

00:17:04.180 however.

00:17:05.740 You know,

00:17:05.940 that was

00:17:06.360 Christianity,

00:17:07.280 that was

00:17:07.700 the Catholic

00:17:08.460 Church.

00:17:10.240 We need

00:17:11.160 to consider

00:17:11.680 the Protestant

00:17:12.980 Reformation,

00:17:14.180 because this

00:17:14.820 is where

00:17:15.300 things begin

00:17:16.320 falling apart.

00:17:17.760 Now,

00:17:20.700 Martin

00:17:20.940 Luther,

00:17:21.740 he had

00:17:24.500 valid

00:17:25.080 criticisms

00:17:25.820 of the

00:17:26.540 Church.

00:17:27.260 The Catholic

00:17:27.840 Church of

00:17:28.880 the time,

00:17:29.720 in fact,

00:17:29.980 for the past

00:17:30.360 couple hundred

00:17:31.100 years before

00:17:31.920 that,

00:17:32.360 ever since

00:17:32.760 the Black

00:17:33.760 Death,

00:17:34.400 had been

00:17:35.000 incredibly

00:17:36.180 corrupt,

00:17:36.980 embarrassingly

00:17:38.100 corrupt.

00:17:40.280 And so,

00:17:40.680 Martin Luther's

00:17:41.280 complaints were

00:17:41.940 absolutely

00:17:42.620 valid.

00:17:43.240 the problem

00:17:45.120 is,

00:17:46.160 I mean,

00:17:46.480 you look at

00:17:46.900 Martin Luther,

00:17:49.100 very kind

00:17:50.440 man,

00:17:51.400 very good

00:17:52.160 man.

00:17:52.520 That's a

00:17:52.980 face of

00:17:53.460 somebody with

00:17:54.000 a very

00:17:54.680 decent

00:17:56.160 sort of a

00:17:57.140 person.

00:17:58.820 But he's

00:17:59.620 also no

00:18:00.380 scholar.

00:18:02.160 He's no

00:18:02.660 theologian.

00:18:04.260 To put it

00:18:05.240 cruelly,

00:18:06.160 he's got the

00:18:06.640 brain span

00:18:07.360 of a brick

00:18:08.120 layer.

00:18:10.420 And so,

00:18:10.740 this whole

00:18:11.100 Protestant

00:18:11.460 Reformation

00:18:12.100 wound up

00:18:13.200 with the

00:18:13.580 likes of

00:18:14.720 Calvin,

00:18:16.220 creating his

00:18:16.840 monstrosity.

00:18:18.140 Of the

00:18:19.180 Puritans,

00:18:20.040 with their

00:18:20.440 obsessive

00:18:21.160 sex cult.

00:18:22.380 With Europe

00:18:23.500 just put

00:18:24.980 into this

00:18:25.540 religious

00:18:26.220 warfare

00:18:27.040 for centuries

00:18:28.720 that we

00:18:29.840 finally decided

00:18:31.200 to stop

00:18:31.740 killing one

00:18:32.320 another over

00:18:32.780 religion,

00:18:33.240 but we are

00:18:33.520 still suffering

00:18:34.220 from this

00:18:35.360 greatly.

00:18:36.440 It was a

00:18:36.940 major blow

00:18:37.760 to our

00:18:38.560 understanding

00:18:39.160 of ourselves,

00:18:40.220 of the

00:18:40.600 universe,

00:18:41.140 metaphysics

00:18:42.140 and everything.

00:18:45.100 And what

00:18:45.820 it boils

00:18:46.120 down to

00:18:46.660 is a

00:18:48.560 philosophical

00:18:49.200 difference.

00:18:50.460 The difference

00:18:50.900 between

00:18:51.500 Platonic

00:18:52.220 philosophy

00:18:52.840 and

00:18:53.880 Aristotelian

00:18:54.700 philosophy.

00:18:57.620 Now,

00:18:58.320 Platonic

00:18:58.720 philosophy.

00:19:00.560 Plato.

00:19:02.280 Amazing,

00:19:03.440 brilliant,

00:19:04.760 principled

00:19:05.180 man,

00:19:06.020 but also

00:19:07.180 a little bit

00:19:07.560 of a fool.

00:19:09.840 You see,

00:19:10.280 logic is wonderful.

00:19:12.520 It is an

00:19:12.880 excellent tool,

00:19:14.320 but it doesn't

00:19:14.880 get you anywhere

00:19:15.720 on its own.

00:19:17.220 By itself,

00:19:18.240 without impetus,

00:19:19.260 without that

00:19:19.800 divine spark,

00:19:21.540 without that

00:19:22.160 soul,

00:19:23.140 that higher

00:19:24.560 meaning,

00:19:25.800 it's just a

00:19:26.440 machine sitting

00:19:27.540 at the side

00:19:27.980 of the road,

00:19:28.540 not doing

00:19:29.200 anything.

00:19:31.440 And similarly,

00:19:33.520 as one of my

00:19:35.000 philosopher friends

00:19:35.660 likes to put

00:19:36.180 it,

00:19:37.280 reason is a

00:19:38.100 whore,

00:19:38.980 she'll give

00:19:39.340 anyone a

00:19:39.860 ride.

00:19:43.220 And while

00:19:43.960 Plato did

00:19:44.540 an amazing

00:19:45.000 job breaking

00:19:46.980 down,

00:19:47.640 like actually

00:19:48.240 thinking rationally,

00:19:50.160 logically,

00:19:51.220 you know,

00:19:51.440 creating this

00:19:52.200 philosophy of

00:19:53.240 disciplined

00:19:53.740 thought,

00:19:54.320 not solipsism,

00:19:55.240 but disciplined

00:19:55.760 thought,

00:19:57.540 he also

00:19:57.840 completely,

00:19:59.260 he missed

00:20:00.360 the forest

00:20:00.840 for the trees.

00:20:02.640 You know,

00:20:02.840 logic will be

00:20:04.240 completely blind

00:20:05.080 to the thing

00:20:05.420 that's right

00:20:05.920 in front

00:20:06.220 of its face.

00:20:08.480 And a perfect

00:20:09.140 example of this

00:20:09.860 is that Plato,

00:20:11.660 Plato used

00:20:12.700 logic to figure

00:20:13.540 out how many

00:20:14.180 teeth women

00:20:14.900 have in their

00:20:15.520 mouth,

00:20:16.820 and he was

00:20:17.800 completely wrong.

00:20:19.020 He never

00:20:19.620 bothered to

00:20:20.260 actually look

00:20:21.420 in a woman's

00:20:21.980 mouth to

00:20:22.480 confirm that

00:20:23.540 he was

00:20:23.840 logically,

00:20:24.620 that he had

00:20:25.140 his logical

00:20:25.660 proof and

00:20:26.140 that's all

00:20:26.600 he needed.

00:20:27.780 You know,

00:20:28.020 logic,

00:20:28.800 pure logic,

00:20:30.040 can often

00:20:31.360 lead you down

00:20:32.280 the road

00:20:32.620 to folly.

00:20:35.700 And there's

00:20:36.420 two more

00:20:36.780 things,

00:20:37.640 two big

00:20:38.500 things that

00:20:39.040 really show

00:20:39.700 you the flaw

00:20:40.260 with Plato's

00:20:41.520 philosophy.

00:20:43.940 The first

00:20:44.780 is his attitude

00:20:45.360 about rhetoric.

00:20:47.340 Now,

00:20:47.880 by Plato's

00:20:48.520 philosophy,

00:20:49.340 rhetoric is

00:20:50.560 nothing but

00:20:51.040 propaganda.

00:20:52.340 It is

00:20:52.740 nothing but

00:20:53.460 political

00:20:54.440 machinations

00:20:55.120 of scam

00:20:56.320 artists,

00:20:57.040 and so it's

00:20:57.420 completely beneath

00:20:58.120 his contempt.

00:20:58.800 It's not even

00:20:59.440 worth considering

00:21:01.140 in his

00:21:01.780 philosophy,

00:21:02.360 because it's

00:21:02.640 nothing but

00:21:03.600 scam artistry.

00:21:07.240 The other

00:21:08.040 big flaw

00:21:08.640 is that

00:21:11.100 Plato argued

00:21:11.900 that

00:21:13.260 literature,

00:21:15.220 that stories,

00:21:17.080 should only

00:21:17.740 exist if

00:21:18.600 they serve

00:21:19.420 the republic,

00:21:21.080 if they serve

00:21:21.680 the society.

00:21:23.140 That every

00:21:24.040 story needs

00:21:24.620 to have a

00:21:25.000 moral lesson

00:21:25.580 in it,

00:21:26.080 and there

00:21:26.360 should be

00:21:26.620 no stories

00:21:27.440 aside from

00:21:28.600 those with

00:21:29.320 moral lessons.

00:21:30.800 Basically,

00:21:31.340 Aesop's

00:21:31.900 fables are

00:21:32.800 the only

00:21:33.360 sort of

00:21:33.860 storytelling

00:21:34.340 that's

00:21:34.760 allowed in

00:21:35.960 Plato's

00:21:36.620 Utopia.

00:21:42.180 Completely

00:21:42.740 logically

00:21:43.160 sound,

00:21:43.680 of course,

00:21:44.400 but this

00:21:44.840 shouldn't sit

00:21:46.800 well with

00:21:47.180 you.

00:21:47.780 Most people,

00:21:48.300 you hear that,

00:21:48.780 it's like,

00:21:48.960 well,

00:21:49.080 there's

00:21:49.340 something wrong

00:21:51.340 with all

00:21:51.780 of that.

00:21:53.940 And this

00:21:55.000 is where

00:21:55.280 we get

00:21:55.560 to Aristotle.

00:21:56.860 Aristotle's

00:21:59.360 philosophy

00:21:59.900 understood that

00:22:00.920 there was

00:22:01.600 this divine

00:22:02.140 spark behind

00:22:03.020 everything,

00:22:03.820 that you

00:22:04.420 needed the

00:22:05.120 human soul

00:22:05.920 to tell the

00:22:06.960 car which

00:22:07.380 way to go,

00:22:07.920 that logic

00:22:08.480 itself is

00:22:09.260 not going to

00:22:09.860 give you a

00:22:10.300 purpose,

00:22:10.780 it's not

00:22:11.120 going to

00:22:11.300 give you a

00:22:11.700 meaning,

00:22:12.460 but that

00:22:12.900 understanding

00:22:13.460 these

00:22:13.780 ephemeral

00:22:14.420 things,

00:22:15.540 like beauty,

00:22:17.780 like strategy,

00:22:20.120 like morality,

00:22:21.160 that there

00:22:21.680 are these

00:22:22.860 pinnacles up

00:22:23.640 there that

00:22:24.940 we can't

00:22:25.400 quite see

00:22:26.020 them,

00:22:26.660 we can't

00:22:27.140 quite say

00:22:27.600 exactly what

00:22:28.400 they are,

00:22:28.640 we can't

00:22:28.900 put them

00:22:29.140 into words,

00:22:30.100 but they're

00:22:30.700 definitely

00:22:31.140 there.

00:22:34.040 Some

00:22:34.560 examples of

00:22:35.260 this,

00:22:36.240 the big

00:22:36.920 one is

00:22:37.240 rhetoric,

00:22:37.920 Aristotle

00:22:38.460 did a

00:22:38.860 whole book

00:22:39.720 on that,

00:22:40.700 but what

00:22:41.100 it boils

00:22:41.440 down to

00:22:41.920 is that

00:22:42.420 rhetoric

00:22:43.300 is art,

00:22:44.780 and art

00:22:45.300 deserves to

00:22:45.880 exist for

00:22:46.580 its own

00:22:47.140 sake.

00:22:48.060 Art

00:22:48.200 doesn't

00:22:48.420 need to

00:22:48.680 justify

00:22:49.040 itself,

00:22:49.980 art

00:22:50.200 exists

00:22:50.840 because

00:22:51.600 it's

00:22:52.060 beautiful.

00:22:56.260 And so

00:22:56.620 good

00:22:57.040 rhetoric,

00:22:58.060 good

00:22:58.500 rhetoric

00:22:58.760 would of

00:22:59.160 course

00:22:59.340 be

00:22:59.540 informed

00:23:00.100 with

00:23:00.620 true

00:23:00.980 facts,

00:23:02.220 and

00:23:02.460 good

00:23:02.780 logic.

00:23:04.060 It

00:23:04.240 would

00:23:04.340 not

00:23:04.520 be

00:23:04.720 specious

00:23:05.100 manipulation,

00:23:06.880 and

00:23:07.080 Lord

00:23:07.600 knows,

00:23:08.040 there is

00:23:08.340 a lot

00:23:08.620 of

00:23:08.760 specious

00:23:09.160 manipulation,

00:23:10.160 a lot

00:23:10.320 of

00:23:10.440 propaganda

00:23:10.820 out

00:23:11.280 there,

00:23:12.140 but

00:23:12.760 bad

00:23:13.640 art

00:23:13.960 doesn't

00:23:14.460 take

00:23:14.640 away

00:23:14.860 from

00:23:15.060 good

00:23:15.380 art.

00:23:17.000 Aristotle

00:23:17.260 would

00:23:17.420 say,

00:23:17.640 yeah,

00:23:18.100 some

00:23:18.420 of those

00:23:18.620 politicians

00:23:19.000 are scam

00:23:19.520 artists,

00:23:19.900 some

00:23:20.940 of them

00:23:21.160 though,

00:23:21.980 are

00:23:22.380 people

00:23:22.740 that

00:23:22.940 are

00:23:23.100 genuinely

00:23:23.580 trying

00:23:24.000 to

00:23:24.140 do

00:23:24.260 good

00:23:24.460 for

00:23:24.620 their

00:23:24.800 society,

00:23:25.780 and

00:23:26.120 they're

00:23:26.260 basing

00:23:26.580 it

00:23:26.680 upon

00:23:26.860 true

00:23:27.160 facts

00:23:27.640 and

00:23:28.100 accurate

00:23:28.480 logic.

00:23:30.600 Rhetoric

00:23:31.200 is merely

00:23:32.040 the product

00:23:32.680 of the

00:23:33.060 two,

00:23:33.600 where you

00:23:34.120 take this

00:23:34.860 machine,

00:23:35.580 and you

00:23:35.740 take these

00:23:36.100 ideas,

00:23:36.720 and you

00:23:37.060 put it

00:23:37.360 on the

00:23:37.620 road.

00:23:38.580 You

00:23:38.720 take your

00:23:39.600 logic,

00:23:40.120 and you

00:23:40.300 try and

00:23:40.740 change

00:23:41.200 society

00:23:41.660 for the

00:23:42.800 better.

00:23:45.620 Music.

00:23:46.760 Let's

00:23:47.000 consider music

00:23:47.520 for a

00:23:48.300 second.

00:23:48.620 Now,

00:23:49.540 it goes

00:23:50.100 without

00:23:50.340 saying

00:23:50.800 that there's

00:23:52.080 a lot

00:23:52.460 of garbage

00:23:53.020 music

00:23:53.560 out there.

00:23:56.200 But,

00:23:56.960 the fact

00:23:57.480 that we

00:23:57.760 can say

00:23:58.400 there's

00:23:58.720 garbage

00:23:59.040 music,

00:24:00.120 that tells

00:24:01.200 us

00:24:01.340 something.

00:24:03.400 Compare,

00:24:04.120 for example,

00:24:06.400 you know,

00:24:06.720 we could go

00:24:07.460 classical,

00:24:08.100 let's not even

00:24:08.980 use classical

00:24:09.580 music,

00:24:09.900 which is

00:24:10.140 amazing and

00:24:10.780 beautiful and

00:24:11.360 profound.

00:24:12.080 Let's look

00:24:12.540 at classic

00:24:14.040 rock.

00:24:14.460 classic

00:24:16.600 rock required

00:24:17.700 a lot of

00:24:18.420 talent,

00:24:18.800 a lot of

00:24:19.240 innovation.

00:24:20.420 It was

00:24:20.900 beautiful.

00:24:22.820 It's

00:24:23.080 wonderful.

00:24:23.980 Or jazz,

00:24:24.760 if you

00:24:24.940 prefer.

00:24:25.800 Or so

00:24:26.780 many

00:24:27.020 mediums

00:24:28.160 have created

00:24:28.680 this beautiful

00:24:29.580 thing.

00:24:31.200 And then

00:24:31.860 you've got

00:24:32.380 modern

00:24:33.440 pop

00:24:34.160 auto-tune

00:24:35.460 garbage,

00:24:37.140 where it's

00:24:37.860 almost

00:24:38.160 constructed by

00:24:39.100 a computer.

00:24:39.680 Now,

00:24:42.620 according to

00:24:43.000 the Platonic

00:24:43.740 philosophy,

00:24:45.080 these things

00:24:45.500 are absolutely

00:24:46.180 equal.

00:24:46.800 They're just

00:24:47.580 BS to

00:24:48.880 waste your

00:24:49.340 time.

00:24:49.660 They are

00:24:50.060 wallpaper.

00:24:51.400 They're just

00:24:51.860 noise.

00:24:52.600 There's nothing

00:24:52.960 inherent to

00:24:53.580 it.

00:24:55.560 Aristotle

00:24:55.840 would say,

00:24:56.300 no,

00:24:56.480 this one,

00:24:57.340 this is

00:24:57.700 informed by

00:24:58.700 musical

00:24:59.860 theory,

00:25:00.880 by a lot

00:25:01.380 of practice,

00:25:02.480 a lot of

00:25:02.820 study,

00:25:03.580 a lot of

00:25:03.980 understanding.

00:25:06.700 It's art.

00:25:07.720 It's beautiful.

00:25:08.580 This,

00:25:08.980 is cynically

00:25:10.360 constructed to

00:25:11.340 appeal to a

00:25:11.940 mass audience,

00:25:13.180 and it's

00:25:14.000 driven by

00:25:14.860 propaganda,

00:25:15.720 by marketing.

00:25:17.160 This is

00:25:17.540 garbage.

00:25:18.100 This is

00:25:18.460 beautiful.

00:25:19.460 And there

00:25:19.940 is a

00:25:21.160 difference

00:25:21.760 there.

00:25:26.560 With the

00:25:27.360 Protestant

00:25:27.740 Reformation,

00:25:29.140 what happened

00:25:29.920 is that we

00:25:30.520 took this

00:25:31.260 Aristotelian

00:25:32.140 philosophy,

00:25:34.020 which,

00:25:34.980 you know,

00:25:35.260 applied to

00:25:35.960 the church,

00:25:36.600 applied to

00:25:37.000 Christianity.

00:25:37.600 Aristotelian

00:25:38.920 is about

00:25:39.180 that spark,

00:25:41.280 that divine

00:25:42.180 bit that you

00:25:42.620 can't quite

00:25:43.060 touch.

00:25:43.820 You can't

00:25:44.180 see it,

00:25:44.540 you can't

00:25:44.880 put it into

00:25:45.280 words.

00:25:46.520 You can't

00:25:47.940 nail down

00:25:48.540 why it is

00:25:49.040 that Beethoven's

00:25:49.740 great and

00:25:51.100 Rebecca Black

00:25:51.820 is terrible.

00:25:53.180 Aren't they

00:25:53.540 just both

00:25:53.880 music?

00:25:54.580 Don't they

00:25:54.940 both have

00:25:55.300 meter and

00:25:55.660 rhyme,

00:25:55.980 et cetera?

00:25:57.240 But there's

00:25:57.880 that divine

00:25:58.660 spark,

00:25:59.340 that right

00:26:00.000 and wrong,

00:26:01.060 that beauty,

00:26:03.480 that we can

00:26:03.900 always try and

00:26:04.980 understand it

00:26:05.580 better,

00:26:06.500 but we'll

00:26:06.920 never truly

00:26:07.580 know it.

00:26:09.440 And so

00:26:09.720 with the

00:26:10.060 New Testament,

00:26:11.160 all of

00:26:11.740 these miraculous

00:26:13.320 things,

00:26:14.780 the ability

00:26:15.420 to be

00:26:16.060 forgiven

00:26:16.580 and to

00:26:18.060 move forward,

00:26:20.500 with these

00:26:22.260 things,

00:26:22.860 you need

00:26:23.740 that higher

00:26:24.740 understanding,

00:26:25.540 that metaphysical

00:26:26.440 understanding of

00:26:27.740 them.

00:26:29.340 With the

00:26:29.700 Protestant

00:26:30.120 Reformation,

00:26:31.160 what happened

00:26:31.640 is we went

00:26:32.640 back to

00:26:33.300 crude

00:26:33.940 Platonic

00:26:35.020 thought.

00:26:37.800 And so

00:26:38.060 as a result,

00:26:40.380 all these

00:26:41.500 higher complex

00:26:42.860 mysteries got

00:26:44.000 crammed down

00:26:45.740 into base

00:26:47.900 reality,

00:26:49.200 into base

00:26:49.920 logic.

00:26:52.000 And so

00:26:52.260 now you

00:26:53.160 get people

00:26:53.680 trying to

00:26:54.300 legislate

00:26:54.920 public

00:26:55.360 morality.

00:26:56.940 You know,

00:26:57.140 it's like,

00:26:57.420 well, the

00:26:57.640 Bible says

00:26:58.320 that we

00:26:58.640 need to

00:26:58.880 be better

00:26:59.220 people.

00:27:00.500 And the

00:27:01.420 Catholics

00:27:01.820 understood it.

00:27:02.960 it's a

00:27:03.560 progress.

00:27:05.360 Good Lord,

00:27:05.720 the Catholic

00:27:06.220 Church used

00:27:06.660 to run

00:27:07.000 brothels.

00:27:08.240 Okay, because

00:27:08.660 yeah, ideally,

00:27:10.360 perfect world,

00:27:11.720 people will stop

00:27:12.380 going to

00:27:12.780 brothels and

00:27:13.440 they'll all

00:27:13.680 go out of

00:27:14.020 business.

00:27:15.020 In the

00:27:15.700 real world,

00:27:16.640 that's not

00:27:17.320 going to

00:27:17.540 happen anytime

00:27:18.180 soon.

00:27:19.300 You know,

00:27:19.520 people have

00:27:19.900 a lot of

00:27:20.440 trouble

00:27:21.600 controlling

00:27:22.680 their lust.

00:27:23.520 It's one

00:27:23.940 of our

00:27:24.200 highest drives.

00:27:25.760 So the

00:27:26.240 Catholic

00:27:26.460 Church said,

00:27:26.860 well, okay,

00:27:27.480 we're going to

00:27:28.920 have to deal

00:27:29.320 with this.

00:27:30.080 Let's at

00:27:30.540 least make

00:27:30.960 sure it's

00:27:31.720 not that

00:27:32.220 destructive.

00:27:32.960 Protestants,

00:27:35.060 meanwhile,

00:27:35.900 the Platonic

00:27:36.440 philosophy,

00:27:37.000 oh, well,

00:27:38.120 sex outside

00:27:38.620 of marriage

00:27:39.060 is bad,

00:27:39.980 and so we

00:27:40.580 will punish

00:27:41.100 anybody that

00:27:42.540 does it.

00:27:43.900 And so they

00:27:44.380 start trying to

00:27:44.980 force the

00:27:45.920 utopia

00:27:46.660 onto the

00:27:49.100 populace.

00:27:49.920 They try and

00:27:50.660 take the

00:27:50.980 kingdom of

00:27:51.420 heaven,

00:27:51.740 which is this

00:27:52.240 metaphysical

00:27:52.840 concept beyond

00:27:53.720 any of our

00:27:54.320 understanding,

00:27:55.100 and they try

00:27:55.440 and put it

00:27:55.940 into the

00:27:56.400 real world.

00:27:57.000 world, and

00:27:57.780 what you

00:27:58.140 get is a

00:27:59.000 monstrosity.

00:28:01.140 You wind

00:28:01.860 up with

00:28:02.980 two extremes

00:28:04.060 happening at

00:28:04.540 the same

00:28:04.820 time.

00:28:06.060 On the

00:28:06.720 one hand,

00:28:07.260 everybody is

00:28:08.040 very self-righteous

00:28:09.160 and pretentious

00:28:10.180 and life is

00:28:11.240 controlled and

00:28:12.100 regulated,

00:28:13.380 but all of

00:28:15.060 the insanity

00:28:16.040 comes out

00:28:17.200 on the

00:28:18.280 other side.

00:28:19.120 So, yeah,

00:28:21.180 you have

00:28:21.500 these very

00:28:21.980 strict, oh,

00:28:22.860 they're so

00:28:23.640 morally correct,

00:28:24.560 these cultures,

00:28:26.120 except there's

00:28:28.200 so much bad

00:28:28.840 stuff going

00:28:30.340 on behind

00:28:31.420 closed doors,

00:28:32.960 behind

00:28:33.640 manipulation

00:28:35.560 by the

00:28:36.940 priests,

00:28:37.340 this obsession

00:28:38.160 with sex.

00:28:39.080 Instead of

00:28:39.680 allowing it to

00:28:40.600 get out,

00:28:41.700 it now

00:28:42.420 goes deeper

00:28:44.420 and becomes

00:28:45.340 more violent,

00:28:46.500 more nasty,

00:28:48.160 again,

00:28:48.540 leading to

00:28:49.500 the bloody

00:28:50.460 wars that

00:28:51.040 Europe suffered.

00:28:56.040 And we

00:28:56.760 see this

00:28:57.400 still

00:28:58.420 in the

00:28:59.800 modern day.

00:29:01.500 You know,

00:29:01.780 because when

00:29:02.120 you try and

00:29:02.580 put down

00:29:03.040 these higher

00:29:03.480 truths into

00:29:04.400 base material

00:29:06.000 reality,

00:29:07.280 you wind

00:29:08.180 up with

00:29:08.440 just absolute

00:29:09.580 nonsense.

00:29:11.080 And we

00:29:11.400 can see

00:29:11.860 that presently

00:29:12.960 with atheist

00:29:14.760 cult.

00:29:16.080 Now,

00:29:16.960 when I talk

00:29:17.540 about atheist

00:29:18.020 cult,

00:29:18.540 I'm not

00:29:19.180 talking about

00:29:20.080 deism or

00:29:22.720 rational skepticism

00:29:24.060 or anything

00:29:24.460 like that,

00:29:25.600 because these

00:29:27.300 atheist cult

00:29:27.860 people,

00:29:28.060 they've gone

00:29:28.340 completely off

00:29:29.040 the deep

00:29:29.380 end.

00:29:29.960 They are

00:29:30.380 complete

00:29:31.380 nonsense

00:29:32.580 nowadays.

00:29:33.900 And the

00:29:34.760 best example

00:29:35.700 of that

00:29:36.280 is Neil

00:29:38.300 deGrasse

00:29:39.000 Tyson.

00:29:39.640 let me

00:29:42.820 play you

00:29:43.280 a clip

00:29:44.140 from an

00:29:44.700 interview

00:29:45.060 that he

00:29:45.820 was in.

00:29:46.740 Don't worry

00:29:47.300 about

00:29:47.460 pounds.

00:29:47.920 Philosophy

00:29:48.260 was my

00:29:48.640 major.

00:29:49.220 That can

00:29:49.860 really mess

00:29:50.320 you up.

00:29:50.700 It really

00:29:50.960 does mess

00:29:51.360 you up.

00:29:52.160 It's when

00:29:52.760 it starts

00:29:53.220 crossing over

00:29:53.900 with math

00:29:54.300 and science

00:29:54.720 and you're

00:29:55.020 solving,

00:29:55.500 you know,

00:29:55.700 if you have

00:29:56.360 to solve

00:29:56.700 an argument

00:29:58.280 using math,

00:29:59.340 you know,

00:29:59.640 P's and

00:29:59.960 Q's and

00:30:00.340 whatnot.

00:30:00.560 But the

00:30:02.120 idea that

00:30:02.960 the philosophy

00:30:04.000 of science

00:30:05.140 and math

00:30:05.620 of like,

00:30:05.980 well,

00:30:06.080 why is a

00:30:06.480 yard a

00:30:06.760 yard and

00:30:07.160 what makes

00:30:07.580 this this,

00:30:08.260 you know,

00:30:08.600 is I always

00:30:10.500 felt like

00:30:11.120 maybe there

00:30:11.720 was a

00:30:12.300 little too

00:30:13.360 much question

00:30:14.220 asking in

00:30:14.820 philosophy

00:30:15.140 because at

00:30:15.600 a certain

00:30:15.860 point it's

00:30:16.620 just futile.

00:30:17.440 Like,

00:30:17.540 well,

00:30:17.620 I don't

00:30:17.780 know.

00:30:18.000 I don't

00:30:18.180 know why

00:30:18.420 this is a

00:30:18.720 table.

00:30:19.300 Exactly.

00:30:19.860 Exactly.

00:30:20.360 And my

00:30:21.120 concern there

00:30:21.840 is that the

00:30:22.320 philosopher

00:30:22.780 believes they

00:30:23.920 are actually

00:30:24.360 asking deep

00:30:25.000 questions about

00:30:25.640 nature.

00:30:26.520 And to the

00:30:26.940 scientist,

00:30:27.860 it's what

00:30:28.300 are you doing?

00:30:28.900 Why are you

00:30:29.180 wasting your

00:30:29.640 time?

00:30:30.080 But why are

00:30:30.500 you concerning

00:30:30.860 yourself with

00:30:31.340 the meaning

00:30:31.920 of meaning?

00:30:32.760 Well,

00:30:32.840 I think a

00:30:33.140 healthy balance

00:30:34.380 of both is

00:30:35.020 good.

00:30:35.460 A healthy

00:30:35.740 balance of

00:30:36.220 both is

00:30:36.560 good.

00:30:36.580 I'm still

00:30:36.980 even worried

00:30:37.380 about a

00:30:37.680 healthy

00:30:37.880 balance.

00:30:39.400 Yeah,

00:30:39.880 if you are

00:30:40.400 distracted by

00:30:41.380 your questions

00:30:42.040 so that you

00:30:42.680 cannot move

00:30:43.160 forward,

00:30:43.560 you're not

00:30:43.800 being a

00:30:44.080 productive

00:30:44.460 contributor to

00:30:45.640 our

00:30:45.800 understanding

00:30:46.200 of the

00:30:46.400 natural

00:30:46.660 world.

00:30:47.340 And so

00:30:47.540 the scientist

00:30:48.060 knows when

00:30:50.080 the question,

00:30:51.960 what is the

00:30:52.300 sound of one

00:30:52.780 hand clapping,

00:30:53.620 is a

00:30:54.160 pointless delay

00:30:55.200 in your

00:30:55.880 progress.

00:30:56.560 And it's

00:30:56.900 this.

00:30:57.560 Yep.

00:30:58.160 Yep,

00:30:58.440 that's it.

00:30:59.640 Cool.

00:31:00.280 What are you

00:31:02.900 dumb?

00:31:03.180 Can't you

00:31:03.420 hear it?

00:31:03.700 It's right

00:31:03.940 here.

00:31:04.460 It's with

00:31:05.340 this.

00:31:05.920 It's with

00:31:06.200 this.

00:31:06.320 How do

00:31:06.820 you define

00:31:07.300 clapping?

00:31:07.760 And then all

00:31:07.960 of a sudden

00:31:08.180 it devolves

00:31:09.440 into a

00:31:09.840 discussion of

00:31:10.340 the definitions

00:31:11.080 of words.

00:31:11.860 And I'd

00:31:12.300 rather keep

00:31:12.820 the conversation

00:31:13.440 about ideas.

00:31:14.560 And when

00:31:15.600 you do that

00:31:16.280 and you

00:31:16.800 don't derail

00:31:17.360 yourself on

00:31:18.400 questions that

00:31:19.800 you think are

00:31:20.440 important because

00:31:21.440 philosophy class

00:31:22.520 tells you this,

00:31:23.400 but the scientist

00:31:24.100 says, look,

00:31:24.700 I got all this

00:31:25.240 world of unknown

00:31:25.980 out there.

00:31:26.400 I'm moving

00:31:27.100 on, I'm

00:31:27.460 leaving you

00:31:27.820 behind, and

00:31:28.600 you can't

00:31:28.920 even cross

00:31:29.320 the street

00:31:29.780 because you're

00:31:30.520 distracted by

00:31:31.280 what you are

00:31:32.000 sure are deep

00:31:32.680 questions you've

00:31:33.160 asked of

00:31:33.460 yourself.

00:31:34.040 I don't have

00:31:34.680 the time for

00:31:35.220 that.

00:31:37.140 Tyson in

00:31:37.840 many ways

00:31:38.480 reminds me of

00:31:39.720 Martin Luther.

00:31:42.080 He's obviously

00:31:42.920 a very kind

00:31:44.160 and conscientious

00:31:45.060 man.

00:31:45.820 He's fairly

00:31:46.860 intelligent as

00:31:47.980 well, and

00:31:49.140 yet he is so

00:31:50.060 blind to the

00:31:51.360 forest, he only

00:31:52.520 sees the trees,

00:31:53.180 that he just

00:31:53.820 delves into

00:31:55.060 complete nonsense.

00:31:57.820 He doesn't even

00:31:58.920 realize that his

00:31:59.780 rejection of

00:32:00.480 philosophy is a

00:32:01.620 complete rejection

00:32:02.420 of the scientific

00:32:03.200 method as a

00:32:03.980 whole.

00:32:05.080 So, if you

00:32:06.340 look at his

00:32:06.760 show Cosmos,

00:32:09.000 95% of the

00:32:11.200 stuff they talk

00:32:11.840 about on that

00:32:12.440 show is pure

00:32:13.680 speculation.

00:32:15.540 It is, yeah,

00:32:16.980 it's an

00:32:17.760 interesting game.

00:32:19.460 It's science

00:32:20.040 fiction, and he

00:32:21.520 doesn't even know

00:32:22.520 that.

00:32:23.140 He does not

00:32:23.660 understand the

00:32:24.300 difference between

00:32:25.240 what you can

00:32:26.380 know is actually

00:32:27.220 true and what

00:32:27.760 you're speculating

00:32:29.160 is true.

00:32:30.720 He doesn't

00:32:31.340 understand that

00:32:31.860 there are

00:32:33.240 demonstrable higher

00:32:34.020 truths, like

00:32:34.680 beauty, like

00:32:35.860 morality.

00:32:37.300 He lives in

00:32:37.880 this simplistic

00:32:38.980 world of pure

00:32:40.040 mechanics, and

00:32:42.460 like Plato, he

00:32:43.720 has logicked

00:32:44.580 himself into

00:32:45.360 believing things

00:32:46.080 that are absolutely

00:32:47.120 absurd, and he

00:32:48.620 is utterly, utterly

00:32:50.000 blind to it.

00:32:50.860 You know, this

00:32:52.400 platonic shift of

00:32:53.980 society has

00:32:54.480 created, yeah, the

00:32:55.280 scientists, the

00:32:56.480 atheist cult, on

00:32:57.700 the one hand, these

00:32:59.140 absolute fools that

00:33:00.540 think they can nail

00:33:01.920 everything down with

00:33:03.100 their logic and

00:33:04.180 constantly go off

00:33:05.740 kilter and start

00:33:06.400 believing the most

00:33:06.960 ridiculous of

00:33:07.660 concepts, and on

00:33:09.440 the other hand, we

00:33:11.540 get the extreme

00:33:12.300 spiritualists, the

00:33:13.860 solipsists again, the

00:33:15.720 astrology, the new

00:33:18.720 age nonsense, whatever

00:33:20.060 you believe, man.

00:33:23.120 We've got these two

00:33:24.420 groups, you know, one

00:33:25.460 is spiritually

00:33:26.100 autistic, and the

00:33:26.920 other one is

00:33:27.440 materially ignorant, and

00:33:31.280 we are declining

00:33:32.600 into that abyss.

00:33:37.480 So this is what

00:33:38.500 Nietzsche was looking

00:33:39.220 at, this decline of

00:33:43.440 our philosophy, of our

00:33:44.380 understanding of the

00:33:45.280 metaphysical world, of

00:33:46.960 the abyss that we

00:33:48.280 were all falling

00:33:49.000 into, and too

00:33:50.300 blind to see any

00:33:51.320 of it.

00:33:52.660 And so when you

00:33:53.120 see Nietzsche

00:33:54.040 rejecting the

00:33:55.480 church, he's angry

00:33:57.240 at this church, which

00:33:58.120 has become purely

00:33:59.060 mechanistic.

00:34:00.860 It's an opiate to

00:34:03.280 make sure you keep

00:34:03.880 going to work.

00:34:05.060 It's an excuse to

00:34:07.600 call yourself a

00:34:08.320 self-righteous person,

00:34:09.180 even though you've

00:34:09.720 done no self-

00:34:11.300 development.

00:34:12.640 It enables people to

00:34:16.160 fall into, to become

00:34:17.520 these broken

00:34:18.920 mechanistic

00:34:20.480 automatons, as

00:34:22.280 opposed to growing

00:34:23.400 and overcoming and

00:34:25.540 moving forward, which

00:34:27.680 is the whole purpose

00:34:28.780 of the New Testament

00:34:30.320 in the first place, the

00:34:31.700 idea that we can go

00:34:33.520 over and overcome sin

00:34:35.740 through forgiveness and

00:34:37.900 become better for it.

00:34:39.080 this is what Nietzsche

00:34:41.900 was writing about.

00:34:43.840 This is what he was

00:34:44.720 trying to prevent.

00:34:46.900 And yet in our

00:34:47.480 modern, mechanistic,

00:34:49.780 solipsistic ignorance,

00:34:52.200 we've put him, we've

00:34:53.860 completely misunderstood

00:34:55.340 him and made him part

00:34:56.300 of the problem.

00:34:57.540 All right, so that's

00:34:58.340 the first part.

00:34:59.760 In the next video, we're

00:35:01.560 going to look a little

00:35:02.200 bit closer.

00:35:03.160 Now that we've got the

00:35:03.900 context of this

00:35:05.440 philosophical decline,

00:35:07.720 this base, mechanistic,

00:35:10.940 simplistic, and lazy

00:35:12.520 philosophy that

00:35:15.280 dominates nowadays,

00:35:16.300 we're going to look at

00:35:17.840 what Nietzsche actually

00:35:19.060 said, at what

00:35:20.340 Zarathustra actually

00:35:22.120 said, and see how

00:35:24.400 that compares to the

00:35:25.460 original conception of

00:35:27.420 the New Testament.

00:35:29.600 Farini out, folks.

00:35:30.360 Farini out, folks.

Leo D.M.J. Aurini - March 19, 2015

Nietzsche & the New Testament Part 1： Setting the Stage

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