Making Sense - Sam Harris - April 03, 2018


#122 — Extreme Housekeeping Edition


Episode Stats

Length

18 minutes

Words per Minute

150.38182

Word Count

2,757

Sentence Count

172

Hate Speech Sentences

3


Summary

In this episode, I explain why I invited Charles Murray on the podcast, and why I felt it was a moral obligation to defend him. I also talk about the problem of a spreading moral panic on college campuses, and the role of the free exchange of ideas, which is the whole point of the institution of the college campus, in creating a climate of fear that delegitimizes free speech and delegitimize conservative speakers who dare to speak on campus. And I talk about why I think it's a good idea to have a conversation with someone who's been accused of racism, and who has been deplatformed, in order to defend them against the charge that they are part of a "morally panic" that's spreading across the country. We don't run ads, and therefore, therefore, our podcast is made possible entirely through the support of our subscribers. If you're not a subscriber, you are not currently on our subscriber-only feed, you'll need to subscribe to our premium tier, where you'll get immediate access to our full-length episodes of the podcast. You'll also get access to all our premium features, including ad-free versions of the Making Sense Podcast, as well as access to the podcast's most popular sub-series, "Making Sense: The Making Sense" wherever you get your epsiode. Please consider becoming a supporter of our podcast by becoming a MMS Member! Subscribe, become a supporter, and you'll be helping to make sense of what we're doing here! We're making sense. of it all! Sam Harris explains what it means to him, what he's doing here, and what he thinks it means, and how he's going to you, too. What does he thinks of it? What he thinks about it, what does it mean to him? and why it matters to him and what it's doing it better than you can do it better? And what does he think it matters? What would he think of it, anyway? All of that and why he thinks that it matters more than you should be listening to it, not just that it's making sense, and not just making sense? How does it make him feel about it? What does it matter what it makes him think it does it better, not better, to him feel better, right? He thinks it's better than it matters, not only better, better, more?


Transcript

00:00:00.000 Welcome to the Making Sense Podcast.
00:00:08.820 This is Sam Harris.
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00:00:46.840 Okay, it has been an intense week.
00:00:50.140 I was on vacation this last week.
00:00:53.400 This is the first vacation I've taken in quite some time with my family.
00:00:57.460 It's been at least a year.
00:00:59.340 I can't recall the last one, I think.
00:01:01.060 But anyway, I was on vacation and attempting to be a good father and good husband, not paying
00:01:07.620 too much attention to social media.
00:01:09.880 But I did happen to catch at one point that Glenn Greenwald and Reza Aslan and Ezra Klein
00:01:17.880 had all attacked me in the span of an hour on Twitter.
00:01:21.880 And genius that I am, I felt that I needed to respond right then and there.
00:01:28.540 I think the lesson of this whole episode is don't rush to make things worse.
00:01:33.600 That is a lesson I will try to fully absorb going forward.
00:01:37.940 And frankly, I think I need to rethink my relationship to social media.
00:01:41.460 There are so many problems that need not be created that are pure confections of having
00:01:49.480 said something or noticed what somebody said on social media.
00:01:54.280 So I'll be rethinking my relationship to all that.
00:01:57.840 To bring you all up to date, I know that many of you have noticed what happened to me in
00:02:03.320 the last week.
00:02:04.040 But I just want to give you my picture of it and then tell you what's happening going
00:02:09.080 forward.
00:02:09.400 Almost exactly a year ago, I had Charles Murray on my podcast.
00:02:14.620 And Murray, as most of you know, is the author of the notorious book, The Bell Curve, which
00:02:20.240 while it was not focused on differences between races in any significant sense, there was a
00:02:27.600 chapter on race and IQ in that book.
00:02:30.420 But the book was devoted to just the cognitive stratification of society having nothing to
00:02:36.520 do with race.
00:02:37.120 Anyway, that chapter on race and the negative response it received fully engulfed Murray's
00:02:44.240 life.
00:02:45.340 This is in the mid-90s.
00:02:47.480 And Murray is still someone who gets protested when he goes to a college campus to give a
00:02:53.460 talk about something that is totally unrelated to that book.
00:02:57.280 And while I have very little interest in IQ and zero interest in racial differences in IQ,
00:03:04.260 I invited Murray on my podcast because I am deeply interested in free speech and in not
00:03:11.920 letting moral panics get out of hand.
00:03:13.880 And what had happened is Murray had been invited to give a talk at Middlebury College, and he
00:03:20.200 was deplatformed in a fairly spectacular way by an angry mob of students.
00:03:25.480 And as he and his host were leaving the auditorium, they were physically assaulted.
00:03:30.600 And ironically, his host was a very liberal professor who was planning to debate him, essentially.
00:03:34.760 She had a list of hard questions she wanted to ask Murray.
00:03:38.580 Anyway, she received a concussion and a neck injury, and I believe she still suffers from
00:03:42.380 the results of that.
00:03:43.560 So this was a big deal.
00:03:46.280 And it appeared to be the worst example of this spreading moral panic on college campuses,
00:03:52.880 where conservative speakers, or even those who are just imagined to be conservative, are
00:03:58.180 getting deplatformed.
00:03:59.140 And the fact that this is happening at colleges, where the free exchange of ideas is the whole
00:04:05.100 point of the institution, that is something that many of us are quite worried about and
00:04:10.980 are appropriately focused on.
00:04:13.000 Now, there are people who consider all of these examples of moral panic on college campuses,
00:04:19.200 Middlebury and Yale and Portland and Berkeley and Evergreen.
00:04:24.040 Many people consider these outliers that signify absolutely nothing.
00:04:27.220 And there are some poll results that suggest that attitudes toward free speech haven't
00:04:32.960 changed the way many fear.
00:04:35.800 So whether there really is a moral panic on college campuses can be disputed, I think.
00:04:40.900 I know Jonathan Haidt, who's been on this podcast, thinks the panic is real, and he's writing
00:04:44.940 a response to a recent Vox article that suggests that it wasn't.
00:04:48.600 But in any case, people can debate the state of the panic.
00:04:52.120 All I can say is that there certainly seemed to be one at the time I invited Murray on the
00:04:57.800 podcast.
00:04:59.200 And the thing that made me most committed to speaking with him was the realization that
00:05:03.640 I had been part of his shunning.
00:05:05.920 As I say in that podcast, I had avoided him and even avoided his book for decades because
00:05:12.680 I believe that where there was that much smoke, there must be fire.
00:05:15.740 Right, so I felt morally culpable for this.
00:05:20.260 So I had this podcast conversation with him.
00:05:23.080 And of necessity, in order to defend him against the charge of racism, and in order to show how
00:05:29.700 unfairly he had been treated for decades, our conversation had to present some of the scientific
00:05:35.980 justification for his claims.
00:05:37.760 So we spoke about the current picture of IQ data, we talked about the way genes and environment
00:05:43.800 likely contribute to intelligence and any other human trait.
00:05:48.640 We got into the weeds somewhat, but again, this is driven not by my interest in IQ, much
00:05:56.420 less racial differences in IQ.
00:05:58.300 It was born of my trying to right a very clear intellectual and moral wrong.
00:06:07.360 And then in the aftermath of that podcast, Ezra Klein, who was the editor-in-chief of Vox,
00:06:13.120 he was at the time, now he's editor-at-large, he published a paper that was highly critical
00:06:18.560 of both Murray and me.
00:06:20.340 The article was written by Eric Turkheimer, Catherine Hardin, and Richard Nisbet, who are all real
00:06:25.940 scientists, and because Nisbet is the most famous of them, and because he's been grinding
00:06:30.520 this axe over IQ for several decades now, I've tended to refer to this as the Nisbet paper.
00:06:36.940 But Turkheimer appears to be the first author on it.
00:06:40.480 So Klein published this piece, and I'm assuming he published it because he thought it was a
00:06:45.240 fair and accurate and important critique of the conversation I had with Murray.
00:06:50.420 But it wasn't.
00:06:51.960 So I contacted Klein by email.
00:06:53.840 This first probably happened on Twitter, but then we moved email.
00:06:57.560 And I expressed how unfair and inaccurate I thought the piece was.
00:07:04.340 And there was some talk of us doing a podcast together to hash this out, but then I got so
00:07:09.480 exasperated in this email exchange with him that I pulled the plug on that idea.
00:07:15.500 I decided there was no way I could talk to this guy.
00:07:17.960 There was just so much evidence of bad faith on his side.
00:07:22.980 As my friend Brett Weinstein says, bad faith changes everything.
00:07:26.840 And it really does.
00:07:28.060 Either someone is going to reason honestly about the plain meaning of words and about facts as
00:07:36.480 we know them, or they will try to smear you with anything they can use, however dishonest.
00:07:44.660 Right?
00:07:44.940 And that's what I feel Klein was up to.
00:07:48.700 And so I pulled the plug on the podcast idea because I thought it would be an excruciating
00:07:52.460 waste of time.
00:07:53.600 Be like the podcast that I have ironically titled The Best Podcast Ever with Omer Aziz.
00:07:59.080 So, let me just be clear about what I think happened here.
00:08:04.320 The Nisbet article was truly dishonest and actually slanderous.
00:08:11.020 It put the onus on Murray and me to prove that we're not Nazis.
00:08:15.840 And if you don't think it did that, you're not reading closely enough.
00:08:19.280 It contained highly charged and highly moralistic accusations.
00:08:24.460 It accused us of the most egregious intellectual misconduct.
00:08:29.080 On Nisbet's account, we were guilty of purveying racialist pseudoscience.
00:08:34.780 Okay?
00:08:34.980 And that's everyone reads racialist as racist.
00:08:38.560 Okay?
00:08:38.920 And if they were trying to split the difference there, their true intentions were revealed
00:08:43.280 in many of the other things they said.
00:08:45.900 Okay?
00:08:46.480 We were part of this horrific legacy of bigotry.
00:08:49.760 And everything we said justified bigotry.
00:08:53.860 Klein called my podcast with Murray disastrous on Twitter.
00:08:57.380 I had titled it Forbidden Knowledge, right?
00:09:01.540 And he said, it's not forbidden knowledge.
00:09:03.040 It's America's most ancient justification for bigotry and racial inequality.
00:09:07.480 This is what he said in his most recent piece.
00:09:10.780 So, these are serious accusations.
00:09:14.400 And they're actually false.
00:09:16.140 This is not good faith criticism that I was complaining about.
00:09:21.520 These are the kinds of blows that, if they land, can and should destroy a person's reputation.
00:09:28.940 They're intended to destroy a person's reputation.
00:09:32.340 The reality of the situation is there's the scientific data on IQ and race and genetics and environment and all the related issues.
00:09:43.440 And there can be a good faith debate about these data.
00:09:47.620 And there can be a good faith debate about the social policies that one would want to enact to respond to whatever the facts are.
00:09:56.240 So as to most help everyone.
00:09:58.920 Right?
00:09:59.780 How can we do good in the world?
00:10:02.060 Honest debates to be had on those questions.
00:10:04.700 But the criticism of me and Murray was not an example of honest debate.
00:10:09.480 It presented a very skewed and ideological view of the science.
00:10:15.320 And it branded Murray's account of the science as junk science and racialist pseudoscience.
00:10:21.900 Whereas his account of the science is actually mainstream.
00:10:26.040 I'm talking about his account of the data.
00:10:27.920 I'm not talking about his views on affirmative action or what should be done in the world.
00:10:32.800 All of that can be debated, too.
00:10:34.680 You can debate both sides of the affirmative action question being fully committed to equality and without a racist bone in your body.
00:10:44.160 But now I'm just talking about the scientific picture.
00:10:47.760 And I should note that just yesterday, the first author on this paper, Eric Turkheimer, apologized for calling me and Murray peddlers of junk science.
00:10:56.760 He admitted that was an empty insult.
00:10:59.380 It turns out it's just science.
00:11:01.620 Right?
00:11:02.120 This is a disagreement about how to interpret data.
00:11:06.020 And it could have been a good faith disagreement.
00:11:09.300 But the truth is, and this is my honest take on the scientific field at the moment,
00:11:15.900 the truth is that if there is a fringe here, Nisbet and Turkheimer and Hardin are on it.
00:11:23.100 For patently ideological reasons.
00:11:26.500 Now, of course, it is understandable that they are worried about racism.
00:11:32.120 We all should be worried about racism.
00:11:35.300 We should all be committed to political and economic equality.
00:11:39.960 We want everyone to have as much opportunity as they can have.
00:11:43.800 That is all understandable.
00:11:45.580 But distorting and cherry-picking the science and slandering anyone who won't succumb to your level of confirmation bias as a racist is totally unethical.
00:12:00.320 That's not good faith criticism.
00:12:02.980 This is one side of a scientific debate smearing the other side with the most toxic moral and intellectual aspersions possible.
00:12:13.660 These are reputation-destroying slanders.
00:12:16.500 So, when I wrote Klein, and I found him to be totally evasive, I got fairly pissed.
00:12:24.840 One especially unethical thing he did, after sliming us with this piece,
00:12:30.600 Klein refused to publish a far more mainstream and balanced defense of us
00:12:34.760 that was submitted by Richard Hare, who's the editor-in-chief of the journal Intelligence,
00:12:39.580 and is the author of a recent book, The Neurobiology of Intelligence.
00:12:43.180 Hare came to our defense totally unbidden by me, or Murray, and with a far more mainstream opinion.
00:12:49.400 And Klein refused to publish it, and he has continued to publish attacks on Murray and me in Vox.
00:12:57.380 So, when our email exchange unraveled, I told him that if he continued to slander me,
00:13:03.240 and, in particular, if he misrepresented the reasons why I declined to do a podcast with him,
00:13:09.160 I would publish that exchange, because I thought the world should know how he operates as a journalist and an editor.
00:13:16.800 The world should know how dishonest he was being,
00:13:21.680 and how he wasn't even slightly committed to offering a fair representation of both sides of this debate.
00:13:28.720 Then, I think, basically a year passed, certainly without me noticing anything from Klein on this topic.
00:13:34.820 Whether or not he actually made any noise on it, I don't know.
00:13:38.100 But, then there was a New York Times op-ed by the Harvard geneticist David Reich,
00:13:42.680 which made some statements similar to the ones that had gotten Murray and me into hot water.
00:13:49.240 And, Murray retweeted it, and then I retweeted it with a jab at Klein.
00:13:55.100 Okay, I said, you know, I sure hope Ezra Klein's on the case.
00:13:57.840 Racialist pseudoscience never sleeps.
00:14:00.180 It was a totally snide comment, of course, but totally fair, given what he has done.
00:14:06.700 It is just obvious that David Reich is not a racist.
00:14:11.060 And, the points he was making could be easily spun the way mine and Murray's have been spun.
00:14:17.580 And, he was definitely saying some of the same things about genetics and population differences.
00:14:22.020 They could have gotten him slimed.
00:14:24.280 And, then Klein responded with yet another article attacking me and Murray.
00:14:28.980 And, crucially, he discussed the email exchange I had with him and my refusal to do a podcast with him
00:14:36.380 in ways that I found to be totally self-serving and misleading.
00:14:41.100 So, this prompted me to publish our email exchange.
00:14:45.660 Now, as it turns out, that was a mistake.
00:14:50.320 That was a serious miscalculation on my part.
00:14:53.320 Because, if you just read the emails, apparently, I looked terrible.
00:14:59.360 I seemed inexplicably angry.
00:15:01.480 I assumed bad intent on Klein's part for reasons that were not clear to readers.
00:15:07.180 Klein seemed friendly and open to dialogue, and I just seemed pissed.
00:15:11.700 And, the fact that I published a private correspondence seemed unethical.
00:15:16.280 But, if you had listened to my podcast with Murray,
00:15:18.820 and you read the Vox article, to which my emails were a reaction,
00:15:24.860 then most people understood my anger and saw Klein's evasiveness for what it was.
00:15:31.120 And, when you saw that he had mischaracterized the contents of our email exchange,
00:15:35.420 you thought that my publishing those emails was fair game.
00:15:39.360 Now, that's obviously the view I took.
00:15:41.360 Otherwise, I wouldn't have done it.
00:15:42.360 But, let me be the first to admit, it was a colossal mistake,
00:15:47.920 given that I was asking way too much of readers.
00:15:53.240 The problem was, it took a lot more work to be in the second camp,
00:15:57.660 and understand what was actually going on here.
00:16:01.120 I was relying on people to have listened to a two-hour podcast,
00:16:05.220 and to have read the original Vox article.
00:16:08.520 Of course, many people didn't do either of those things.
00:16:10.560 In particular, it seems that my declining to do a podcast with Klein
00:16:15.040 was widely interpreted as my avoiding a hard conversation,
00:16:19.720 and just failing outright to deal with serious criticism.
00:16:24.360 Needless to say, I didn't see it that way, and I don't see it that way.
00:16:28.400 But, in the aftermath of all this,
00:16:31.020 I became very uncomfortable with that perception.
00:16:34.200 So, I put it to a vote on social media,
00:16:37.260 Twitter and Facebook,
00:16:37.980 and 76% of people on both platforms
00:16:41.440 claim to want to hear a podcast
00:16:43.060 with the two of us.
00:16:45.080 So, I've changed my mind.
00:16:47.840 And, I'm now going to do a podcast with Klein,
00:16:50.820 and we will record that in a few days,
00:16:53.840 and we will release it jointly
00:16:55.740 on our podcast.
00:16:58.400 I won't insist upon any ground rules
00:17:00.580 apart from it being unedited.
00:17:02.140 And, I don't know whether this will be a productive conversation or not.
00:17:05.600 There's certainly a danger
00:17:06.740 that it could be my next best podcast ever,
00:17:10.000 because, again,
00:17:11.100 I detected an extraordinary amount of bad faith
00:17:14.020 on Klein's side.
00:17:15.760 Some of you think I'm listening to this,
00:17:18.600 but I really don't.
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00:17:50.020 Thank you.