00:01:28.740So I do all kinds of things, but I really have come from the financial space.
00:01:33.460And I think what makes me different than a lot of folks out there is I was the first person in my family to graduate from college.
00:01:41.240So I came from a father who was an electrician, a mom who was sort of a hobby entrepreneur, and they really believed in the American dream.
00:01:51.100And I have been able, you know, through their hard work and then my own hard work to achieve that American dream.
00:01:57.320And I see that being tamped down for a lot of people.
00:02:00.920So it's my passion point to preserve that for everybody.
00:02:05.740Yeah, and that's exactly why we wanted you specifically on, because there's a lot of financial experts out there.
00:02:13.480But look, my audience, we don't typically focus on financial stories.
00:02:18.860It's just not really my beat, and it's not always the primary interest of my audience.
00:02:23.520But yesterday I asked on Instagram, as I often do on Sundays, what do you want to hear about?
00:02:28.480And almost every answer was, tell me what is going on with Silicon Valley Bank.
00:07:47.380Instead of buying maybe a one-year or a two-year or even a five-year security, they locked that up for 10 years.
00:07:55.620And this was incredibly stupid because these are bankers and the head of the Silicon Valley Bank was also a member of one of the regional Fed banks.
00:08:07.180So they should have known at some point that the Fed was not going to be able to keep interest rates artificially low forever and interest rates would increase.
00:08:16.360And what happens with bond securities, like a treasury, for example, is when interest rates go up, the bond prices go down and vice versa.
00:08:29.040So there's an inverse proportion there.
00:08:31.140So when the Federal Reserve ended up in a situation where there was tons of inflation and they had to feel like they had to do something, that's when they decided to raise interest rates.
00:08:43.700Which, again, something that if you are a banker, you should have known that that was coming.
00:09:07.220So we've got that inverse relationship.
00:09:08.940So you have these 10-year bonds, treasuries, mortgage-backed securities that are on the balance sheet, which if they hold them for the 10 years, it doesn't matter because they're still going to get to maturity.
00:09:23.280They're going to get paid their interest rates.
00:09:25.180But if for some reason they had to sell them, then the market is now saying they are worth less because we could get more interest buying a different bond.
00:09:35.400So we're going to pay you less for the one that has a smaller interest rate.
00:09:40.100So as interest rates are going up, the people who have their deposits in the bank are going, well, I'm not getting very much on my deposit in the bank, Silicon Valley Bank.
00:09:51.320I could go buy a treasury, which over recent days and weeks, you could get 5% on a treasury of a short duration.
00:10:01.020So I'm going to pull my money out and I'm going to go look somewhere else.
00:10:05.160Or maybe because the economy is slowing down, I'm going to pull more of my money out for operating capital.
00:10:11.260So they had this money locked up and now they can't pay back all of these depositors who are pulling out more money than was expected.
00:10:30.120They did on that, which, again, they shouldn't have had to do.
00:10:34.720There are other things they could have done.
00:10:36.540They could have gone out and raised capital.
00:10:40.180But just the way they communicated this to the market and the steps that they took, their customers, who are very close-knit, they're in Silicon Valley, they're all talking to each other on Slack channels, go,
00:10:53.060Oh, my goodness, did you see what's happening?
00:10:56.100If more people pull it out, they're not going to be able to cover all of this.
00:11:03.160And that created panic for the next person.
00:11:05.700And that created panic for the next person.
00:11:07.780And all of these entities started pulling money out, which is what is considered a bank run.
00:11:13.620And if the individuals don't feel comfortable and in good faith that their deposits are secure, particularly in this case, because so many of these were corporate clients, they had balances that far exceeded the insurance limits from FDIC.
00:11:34.100There were just a ton of uninsured balances, which made them even more eager to pull that money out and create safety.
00:11:43.460And that created the situation that we're in today.
00:11:46.080Okay, let me see if I can summarize it and you correct the points that are incorrect.
00:12:03.860And so basically, okay, so let me go back.
00:12:08.580So you said from 2019 to 2021, people were taking out fewer loans than they had before.