Ep 858 | The Disturbing Origins of Adderall | Guest: Dr. Roger McFillin (Part Two)
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Summary
In this episode, Dr. Roger McFillan, a clinical psychologist, discusses the root causes of ADD and ADHD and how we should treat them. Dr. Mcfillan discusses the dangers of over-the-counter ADHD meds and how they can be misused and misdiagnosed.
Transcript
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What are the origins of ADHD medication? Why are we prescribing stuff that doesn't even fix the
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behaviors that are associated with ADD and ADHD? And what should we do to help ourselves or to
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help our children who may be struggling with attention issues or behavioral issues? How do
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we get to root causes and treat these problems in a healthy and actually productive way? That's
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what we're going to discuss today with Dr. Roger McFillan, a clinical psychologist. This is part
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two of a two-part conversation about ADD and ADHD, the problems with these diagnoses and how we treat
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them. Go back and listen to part one, yesterday's episode, if you haven't done it already. This
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episode is brought to you by our friends at Good Ranchers. Go to goodranchers.com. Use code
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Allie at checkout. That's goodranchers.com, code Allie.
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It was kind of like a joke in college, and maybe it still is now. You mentioned this,
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that abuse of medicines, medications like Adderall is very common on university campuses. And I remember
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that in college, it was like a joke that people would take someone's Adderall that was prescribed
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to them. Thankfully, I never did that because I just have like a fear of being dependent upon anything
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or addicted to anything. But I had friends who did, and they would joke about like, oh, yeah,
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I stayed up all night to write my paper that I've been putting off. Or they would say, don't, you know,
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don't start doing something like not study related after you've taken Adderall because you won't be able to
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stop doing that. If you start cleaning your room or something when you're on Adderall, you won't be
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able to stop cleaning your room. You'll be cleaning your room all night. It is crazy how just pervasive
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it's gotten and how almost funny it's gotten that it is the same thing. It does sound like the same
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thing as someone being on cocaine or some kind of stimulant that we all know is sketchy and that you
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shouldn't engage in. And yet when it comes to these pharmaceuticals, people just kind of shrug their
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shoulders and say, yeah, that's just what I needed to study or that's just what I needed
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to get by. And there are all kinds of justifications for it. And I like I can sympathize with it again
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as someone who, you know, I'm thinking about a million different things at once. I have a hard
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time. I have to try really hard to stay organized and keep up with my schedule growing up. I was always
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losing papers. I was losing pens. I was always amazed at people who kept the same school supplies all year
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long. But, you know, I grew up and I figured out tools to, you know, be able to succeed in life and
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to be a productive person without medication. And so while I can sympathize with it, at the same time, I
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think our nonchalant attitude about just medicating kind of normal personality traits, as you're talking
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about, has really scary long term implications and really unknown long term implications on the people who have
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kind of fallen for that narrative. It's an experiment on the brain. There's no doubt about that. And so and so one of
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the things that I think is really important to your listeners, so I want to speak to if somebody is a detractor to
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that last statement, they'll say, well, we cannot compare somebody who's abusing the drug and taking higher doses to
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those who have a legitimate condition. The truth of the matter is we have no idea how people are going to respond to
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drugs. We're all so diverse. So people are going to respond differently to drugs. Some people will get
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manic, potentially even develop psychosis, have increased energy, euphoria, while others will have
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more enhanced focus. It will calm some others down, while others will create tachycardia, which is
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increased heart rate. Heart rate can increase your blood pressure. There's just a varied reaction.
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And so there's a large range in the dosage that psychiatrists or pediatricians are going to
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prescribe because it is trial and error. The other thing that I think is really important for your
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listeners to know is there can be legitimate reasons why someone's having a hard time focusing
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and they are mislabeled as ADHD. So let me give you some really important examples. In the work that I do,
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kids who have been abused or come from neglectful environments are going to have a difficult time
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sitting still and focusing. It's a natural response to danger or traumatic events. We've seen this uptick
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in girls who are kind of perfectionistic or worriers because they are internalizers and so they're having a
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hard time focusing their attention on certain tasks that are non-stimulating and they retreat inward into
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their minds. And so that's a legitimate problem with concentration, but the problem is worry or
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perfectionism. Other things that are really important to know is we are in a unique period in human
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evolution. This technological age where everyone has a smartphone is new. Our brains are neuroplastic.
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That means they are very adaptable. We have evolved to be able to focus our attention on what is the
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most relevant stimuli. So what is the most relevant stimuli? It's often what is engaging to our brain.
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In life-threatening situations, obviously it's going to be situations that pose danger. In other
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situations, it can be what creates something that's really interesting to us. So put kids on social media
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and video games since they were very young. And we're in a period where toddlers are being raised
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by smart pads and iPads and things like that, where they're watching television and other movies.
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What does that do to the brain and our own ability to be able to focus to non-relevant stimuli? So
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we're going to raise kids with iPads in front of them and then expect them to go into school
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environments and focus on math or science or a teacher. So that's something that we have to
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really look at is how the brain is adapting to this new technology. Again, the ethical question is,
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does that mean it's a disorder? No. I think a lot of people would say that the brain is designed to
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adapt to the most relevant of situations and there's a lot of diversity. So you as in the media
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who likes to talk, obviously those skills served you well in your later career and you have a lot
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of success. But let's think about people in the military or farmers or anyone who is in some type
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of profession where you're using your hands and construction workers and so forth. We compare the
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differences amongst a human population and strengths and weaknesses. It's very concerning for us to kind
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of restrict about how somebody should be. That diversity is extremely important. So this is what
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I was seeing in the schools when I was working in the schools. The kids that were getting identified as
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ADHD from the school environment, predominantly boys, predominantly boys who were active, predominantly
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boys who would later go to like low-tech programs. So that in itself is concerning. The other group of kids
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that would often get identified with ADHD are ones who are having other mental health problems. And that could be
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anxiety, depression, horrible home environments, getting bullied, things like that. It's very difficult to focus
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in school when other things are capturing your attention. And that's how we're designed to be. So when we talk about
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ADHD not being a real diagnosis, what I mean, it's not a discrete diagnosis. It should be a rule out. It's all it is
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a constellation of symptoms that's being misapplied to more and more people driving high rates of drug use.
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Right now, as we speak, we have an Adderall shortage in the United States, at least partially due to
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I want to talk a little bit about the origin of ADHD treatments, which I heard on an episode of your
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podcast, you had a guest, Patrick Hahn. He wrote a book called Obedience Pills, ADHD and the Medicalization
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of Childhood. And he talks about Charles Bradley, 1937. He was a psychiatrist who administered,
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and you can tell me if I am pronouncing these correctly, benzidine sulfate to problem children
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at the Emma Pendleton Bradley home in Providence, Rhode Island. He was using, you're going to have to
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pronounce this word for me. Let's see if I can do it. Bradley was using a pneumo, a pneumo encephalography,
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pneumo encephalography to study children's brains. And basically, he found that putting the putting
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them on this medication subdued them, it made them quiet and still. And so that was the precursor to a lot
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of the medicalization that we see today, the precursor to things like Ritalin. And so, I mean,
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this seems to be kind of the origin story of a lot of these medications today, that it started from
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kind of like a faulty premise and an experiment that didn't actually go very well. And yet it's
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been carried into the 21st century, has been advertised and marketed as a happy pill or a
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compliance pill. It's kind of crazy that no one even asks, wait, what is the science behind this
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and where did this all start? Well, I think that speaks to the historical context of this in the
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industrial age. At some point, we needed to train factory workers. We needed to train obedient
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capitalists for the American economy to function in the way that it did. We needed to have workers who
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were going to show up on time, stay focused, listen to their direct manager or superior.
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And we had to create environments where that system was going to function economically.
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And that's why you see the US public school system evolve in the way that it did. It's why you have
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bells. It kind of mimics a factory system. And so you're thinking about, I think it's the integration
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of major industries and thought leaders in industry. So we know how this benefits the pharmaceutical
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industry. But also, in a functioning society, you only have so many people in leadership.
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You only have so many people who are actually running the company, making decisions. You need
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a whole lot of people to be able to function on specific tasks that are not very stimulating.
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And you have to be able to focus your attention and follow those rules. So there's beliefs that
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this is part of a larger systemic system of trying to institute manners of means of control on the
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population. And so we are evolving as a culture where we're seeing things that are also really
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important. We're seeing less connection with nature, more social isolation. Our food source
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is implicated in also having some difficulties with concentration and hyperactivity. I don't know
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if you're aware of the impact of nutrient deficiencies or glyphosate, which is a pesticide that is
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sprayed on our wheat crops or red dyes. These are chemicals.
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I'm kind of starting to learn about this, actually. I think COVID kind of was an impetus for a lot of
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people to start looking into how all the different parts of our system may be affecting us. So I don't
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know. I don't know a lot, but I have definitely heard about red. What is it? Red 40, one of the
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dyes. And I mean, a lot of the ingredients that we use here in the United States are illegal in other
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parts of the world. And again, if you question it, it's kind of like you're some kooky, woo-woo
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Yeah, it's really important that this should be probably a future podcast for you to get experts
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in this area, but it's very clear science that these pesticides or these dyes or some of the other
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things that we put in American food are going to create some of the symptoms that mimic the diagnosis
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of ADHD. So it's a whole system that kind of works together. I call it the sick care system.
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So we raise kids on horrible foods, sugars, dyes, pesticides. They're on screens and their behavior
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is a problem entering into the school system. Then we have a drug for that. And then the later
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problems with their health related to the lack of activity, a sedentary lifestyle, being in screens
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and eating poor foods, then we have more drugs for that. And it all feeds off of itself. I'm just
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saying that as parents, we need to be aware that these diagnoses are not legitimate and that you
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could be missing other options to be able to assist your kid if they are having problems with attention
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and hyperactivity. They include dietary changes, behavioral interventions. So another reason why kids
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are going to have problems in school is if you don't have a very disciplined home. And some parents
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really do need help, especially in modern society where there's so many two-parent income homes.
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They're outside of the home. Their kids are in daycare during the day. They're under a lot of stress
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because of the financial challenges that exist. And you come home and you have a two-year-old or a
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three-year-old or a four-year-old. And those are critical periods of time for self-discipline and
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emotion regulation skills to be developed. And you're just wiped out. So what do you do? You
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pull out the screen or you scream and yell. And before you know it, you've developed situations
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in your home where your kid's behavior is kind of controlling the entire environment. And then
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you go into school and you see something similar. So the problem with the ADHD diagnosis, it doesn't
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help people like me. It doesn't give me any information. It doesn't help me be able to identify
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what are the legitimate problems that are affecting that kid in these specific environments.
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Sometimes they're just not meant for the environment. The environment is the problem,
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not the kid. And we have to be able to recognize what are those unique strengths and how do we create
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learning environments that can be able to optimize who that kid's natural brain activity,
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personality, and skills are so they can feel good about who they are and they can learn in a way
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that's going to fit their talents. I think that human beings being individual is really
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inconvenient for people and for systems that rely on everyone kind of learning the same way and acting
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the same way. Something that you alluded to a few minutes ago. And also I think it can be confusing
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for parents who say they have three kids. All the kids were raised the same way, but they've got one
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child, one child who just won't listen, won't comply, won't behave. And so I think sometimes that
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pushes parents to say, well, there must be something diagnosably wrong with this child because my other
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kids aren't like that. Maybe forgetting, and maybe we all do at some point, that everyone's an individual.
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It might be the parenting, it might not, it might be personality, but there are a lot of different
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factors that don't mean that there is something that needs to be medicated in your child just because
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they're not the same as either other students or the same as their siblings.
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Yeah, there's a nice bell-shaped curve that exists across so many different attributes. And kids require
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different things in order for them to thrive. And you know what, that's the way we want it to be.
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Think about how beautifully integrated our entire society is, that you can have people who can
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construct buildings and are mechanical while others are creating beautiful works of art.
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And then you have scientists, and then you have media with incredible verbal skills and
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asking incredible questions. And you just think about the diversity that exists for a society to
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function. It's so perfectly integrated. And so that's why we have to be very resistant to the idea
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of restricting or limiting how kids should behave and be. And that's why we're seeing movements around
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homeschooling. Because when I look at the data, kids are in school too long. Our sleep is disrupted
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because of the school day. So we don't have a schedule that fits the needs of kids' sleep.
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They're not active enough. If you go back to the Bush era with No Child Left Behind, there was such an
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emphasis on testing that a lot of schools started eliminating recess. And it's just really cool to
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see other programs who are integrating a lot more activity. And then that decreases the diagnosis of
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ADHD. The problem there is you need active kids to be able to be active. Social kids need to be able
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to socialize. These things are critically important to development. And if we're not aware of that,
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and we believe kids should only act one certain way, then what are we doing? We're creating a
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generation of kids who are going to have mental and behavioral health problems. What do we currently
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have? Generation of kids having mental and behavioral health problems.
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Yes. I want to talk a little bit. We don't have very much time left, but I want to talk a little
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bit about the marketing of these ADD medications that we did touch on when we were talking about the
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teachers and the kind of messages that the teachers relate to parents that whether they're intended to
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or not, they do guilt the parents into saying, wow, if I really love my child, if I really want to help my
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child reach their full potential, that's really like the line that's used, reach their full potential,
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then I'll give them this ADD medication or whatever. And you've talked about this before,
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these advertisements that use that, that use that language, that your child will be able to become
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their full self, will reveal their better self. And there's even advertisements that have been
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analyzed over the years, like showing a child that once really struggled and stressed out mom to now
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this child who's taking out the garbage voluntarily and who was thriving with their friends and they're
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excelling athletically and academically, that's kind of what you're promised in some ways with these,
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with these medications. And like what parent doesn't want that? What parent doesn't want this
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child who is voluntarily and happily doing their chores? And we're told that's what Adderall is going
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to do for your child. And to be honest, like I've heard some parents say things like that. I've heard
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some adults. I'm thinking of a friend right now who's an adult. He would say he has ADHD.
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And takes medication for it. And he would say, this helps me reach my full potential. I wouldn't
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be able to function without this. I have such debilitating ADHD. This is how I'm able to thrive.
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So like, what is, what's your response to all of that? Okay. I'm going to repeat some things that
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I said the last time I was on there. So we really, we lay the foundation here with this is that
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the pharmaceutical industry is the largest criminal organization, most lucrative criminal organization
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in the history of the world. They lie. They have lied. They've, uh, they've withheld important data
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from clinical trials. They're routinely sued and, and fined by the federal government. Their drugs are
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just so lucrative that they can pay the lawsuits, that they can defend themselves, that they can pay
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the fines. So their job is to make as much money as they can. They are beholden to their shareholders.
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They are not beholden to us. With that being said, there's, there is truth. Remember, I've said that
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stimulants are, they are cognitive enhancers. They are performance enhancing drugs. And there will be
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a percentage of people who don't necessarily have the same adverse side effects. And for a period of
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time, it's going to be really beneficial. Again, the question is what is the long-term risks of doing
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that? The idea of things being, saving your life and, you know, kind of that, those hyperbolic statements.
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I want to bring people's attention to a study that just recently came out regarding placebo for pain.
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They took an opiate group and a, and a, and a placebo group for people who were experiencing
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chronic pain. And the opiate group or the, the placebo group just helped perform the opiate group.
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Other studies that are widely available, there was a really interesting study where orthopedic surgeons
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were doing a arthroscopic knee surgery where they weren't sure if that improved the mobility or
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outcomes. So they set up a group that they provided them the orthopath, the, um, arthroscopic knee
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surgery. And then they took a group where they didn't know. So they were wheeled into a OR. They
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were provided anesthesia. They woke up, they were told that they had the arthroscopic knee surgery.
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And you know what, what they find is that the group that did not get the surgery has decreased pain,
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increased mobility. They just feel better. So the point I want to make to people is that we are
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creators of our own reality. What we choose to believe will become powerful. If you believe you
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can't focus, which is very hard for you to determine, how can we compare one, one person to
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another? These are internal experiences with complex causes. But once you identify yourself
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to have an impairment, one that you can't identify that no medical professional is going to be able
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to identify, this becomes your experience. So does that then impair your ability to learn the tools
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or do the necessary work in order to focus? We know that attention is similar to, um, other attributes.
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So if I go to the gym and I, and I work out, I can get stronger. I might not be, I might not be 250
00:22:40.140
pounds of pure muscle because I'm limited by my genetics, but I can maximize or optimize my potential.
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And so when we think about attention or things of that nature, it's very critical that we think about
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that in a similar way, because we do have a lot of tools, behavioral treatments, and work that can be
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done that do improve the ability to focus. So you are a creator of your reality. So if you tell
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yourself that this drug is changing your life, you're going to believe that that's going to be
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your experience. You're going to share that with people. It might even enhance your, the outcomes.
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But again, what is the dark side? It's what happens to this drug long-term, how the body and brain
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adapts. And that's the thing around informed consent. So if parents are given this information and say,
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hey, we're going to put your kid on a stimulant at age four, and we're uncertain what it's going to
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do to their brain down the line. We have no idea about its effect, but they do mimic other stimulant
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drugs that are highly addictive. And this is a drug that will create dependence down the line.
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Here are all the negative consequences for this. Potentially, it's going to act on the reward centers
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of the brain. So you start giving people that information, or you say, or we can provide these
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other interventions. We can try to identify what your kid's unique talents and skills are.
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We can try to put in an environment that allows him to explore and learn. And then we can have a
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really good token economy behavioral system at home and assist you with parenting to be able to manage
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who your kid is. Because right now, it might be a perceived weakness, and it might be difficult
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to be able to parent a kid who is that active. But down the line, this might be a blessing,
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and this might be exactly who they are meant to be.
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And for parents who they're struggling either with a kid who is so different than their other
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siblings or classmates or whatever, or has behavioral problems, or maybe has been placed on
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medication. But now they're realizing, okay, I don't want to do this anymore. I want to figure
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out something else. Is there a place that they can go just to get started? I think that's really
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overwhelming and a little bit scary for parents to know what this route really looks like. What do
00:25:07.080
Yeah, it's very difficult for me to answer these questions because we're currently in a system where
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someone like me is right now on the outskirts of what is typical. So I'm making statements that have
00:25:21.520
not been yet accepted mainstream in the medical system. So what I do is I try to prevent harm.
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I try to get people to think about the experience differently. So instead of thinking about poor
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concentration in a school environment or maybe an active kid as something that is really problematic
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and detrimental to them down the line, reframe it and see what are their strengths? How can we set
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an environment that responds to them? How can I work with teachers that can be aware of what my kid
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needs? And how can I put them in environments with people who are much more tolerable for the variability
00:26:06.880
of human behaviors and especially kids' behavior? I think environment is key.
00:26:12.400
Now, the one thing I want to say is the potential exists that somebody's listening who has a child who
00:26:18.160
has really clear neurodevelopmental problems and is a special needs kid.
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So if a stimulant medication can calm that person down and improve quality of life,
00:26:31.440
then that is always an option. And then you have to think about how that drug can be implemented in
00:26:38.480
a way that can maintain safety down the line. So things that used to happen in the past that are
00:26:44.640
not as frequent anymore are things like drug holidays. So putting somebody on a stimulant for a period of
00:26:50.720
time and then periods without being on the drug, like taking summers off, the reason they did that
00:26:56.320
was because of the concerns for dependence. And so the long-term use appears to be problematic.
00:27:02.800
So that's another way to think about it. But I'm going to say 99.8% of your listening population
00:27:11.280
likely shouldn't have children on stimulant drugs due to the long-term risks and should be considering
00:27:22.480
Well, thank you so much, Dr. McFillen. This is going to be, I'm sure it's going to stir some controversy,
00:27:28.640
but a lot of truth, if not all truth, stirs controversy. And there have to be people
00:27:34.800
people who are out in front of something before it becomes mainstream. It takes a lot of voices.
00:27:43.200
It takes a lot of strength. It takes a lot of persistence and perseverance. And as you have
00:27:47.920
experienced yourself, it's a big pharma in collusion with big tech and the messages that you are speaking
00:27:56.160
out against are protected. And it's all, uh, they're protected in the name of alleviating harm. When in
00:28:03.200
reality, that is what you are trying to do is alleviate harm rather than cause it. So, um,
00:28:08.640
okay. Where can people find you, follow you, all that good stuff?
00:28:14.320
Yeah, you can find me on Twitter at Dr. McFillen. So I'm very active on Twitter.
00:28:19.040
We have a website, uh, at Dr. McFillen or Dr. McFillen.com. There's a radically genuine
00:28:25.680
podcast where we have amazing guests and we continue to increase our audience. Thanks
00:28:31.760
to you. And a lot of the people who are, who are listening have now jumped on the radically
00:28:35.680
genuine podcast to get some of this alternative information. We also have a YouTube channel at
00:28:41.280
radically genuine, even though that YouTube channel was unfortunately terminated early on, there was a
00:28:48.800
big, um, widespread support, uh, with Joe Rogan and others to get that YouTube video, uh, channel
00:28:57.040
backup. And so we're going to be putting on resources on that YouTube channel to be able to
00:29:01.840
provide information. Listen, if you get anything from me, it's that I support your individual rights
00:29:08.240
to be able to make informed healthcare decisions. So I'm giving you the other side. There's a dark side
00:29:13.680
to a lot of these common psychiatric diagnoses and drugs that are provided as frontline treatment.
00:29:20.480
ones that most people are not aware of be aware. We have to be informed consumers. There is an
00:29:26.240
awakening that has occurred post pandemic, where we realize that just blindly accepting the medical
00:29:33.360
authorities recommendations have created significant harm. And a lot of us are trying to take back that
00:29:39.120
individual freedom. I'm concerned about the expert culture. Don't just accept my opinion. There's many
00:29:44.560
people like me, but be able to trust yourself and common sense. And I do believe a lot of people can
00:29:50.480
also do independent research and bring this information to their, their physicians or other
00:29:55.440
people that they trust, whether it's in the mental health system or within the medical system, we just
00:30:00.000
have to be better at giving accurate information. We are in a, a culture that is overestimating benefits
00:30:08.320
from potentially harmful medical interventions and we're underestimating the risks. And so I'm trying to
00:30:14.240
give accurate information and allow people to make informed decisions and consider what alternatives
00:30:20.320
exist. I think there's going to have to be a shift in the way we think about humanity.
00:30:24.720
Well, thank you so much. And thanks for your message. And I'm hopeful that you will be on the
00:30:28.640
Joe Rogan podcast at some point in the future. That would be amazing. I'm rooting for that. So
00:30:34.640
thanks so much for taking the time to come on. Thank you, Ali. I really appreciate it.
00:30:44.240
Hey, related bells and related bros. If you could please leave us a five-star review,
00:30:56.240
wherever you listen to relatable, that would mean so much to us. And it really does help the show.
00:31:01.800
Also, if you haven't subscribed to our YouTube channel, please do. Thanks.