The Art of Manliness - #223： Valiant Ambition in the American Revolution

00:00:00.000 brett mckay here and welcome to another edition of the art of manliness podcast

00:00:18.000 in the history of the american revolution two figures stand in stark contrast to each other

00:00:22.500 george washington and benedict arnold in the american imagination washington is elevated

00:00:27.600 as an example of sterling character while arnold is ostracized to the seventh layer of dante's hell

00:00:32.280 but what few americans know is that the start of the war of independence washington was actually a

00:00:36.360 blundering general while arnold was one of the colony's very best so how is it that washington

00:00:42.020 transformed himself into one of america's greatest leaders while arnold ended up betraying his

00:00:46.620 countrymen well that's what my guest today explores in his book valiant ambition george washington

00:00:51.460 benedict arnold and the fate of the american revolution his name is nathaniel philbrick and

00:00:55.460 today on the show we discuss the evolution of washington as a general and a statesman

00:00:59.300 benedict arnold's amazing but often forgotten battlefield exploits for the american cause

00:01:03.560 and how arnold's valiant ambition turned into a vain and treacherous appetite that led to his

00:01:08.160 downfall and along the way nathaniel and i just talk about the life lessons we can take from these

00:01:12.640 two imminent revolutionaries really great podcast after the show's over make sure to check out the

00:01:17.200 show notes at aom.is ambition for links to resources that we discuss in the show so you can delve deeper

00:01:24.820 into this topic nathaniel philbrick welcome to the show it's great to be with you uh so your latest

00:01:34.880 book you've written a lot of great historical books uh your latest one is called valiant ambition

00:01:39.200 where you follow the military careers of two of the revolutionary war's most well-known names george

00:01:46.860 washington and benedict arnold um i'm curious why did what inspired you to dig into the history of how

00:01:54.540 these men developed into the men that we know of today how washington turned into the great general

00:02:00.240 that we know as today and how arnold turned into america's most infamous traitor yeah well it's really

00:02:07.040 kind of two sources to that uh my previous book was called bunker hill uh which describes as the title

00:02:13.520 might suggest that the outbreak of the revolution in the boston area and the book uh sort of ends with

00:02:20.160 the arrival of george washington who takes over the what will become the continental army during the

00:02:25.280 siege of boston and uh and it was with the conclusion of that book that i realized i need to follow

00:02:32.000 george washington you this is not the the washington that peers at us from the the dollar bill you know

00:02:37.800 sort of the state pragmatist that looks like the rock upon which this country has been founded

00:02:42.540 washington at the beginning of the revolution was in his early 40s red-haired fiery uh and by

00:02:49.200 natural temperament very aggressive he wanted to attack the british uh that were holed up in boston

00:02:55.060 even if this meant uh burning the city to the ground he just wanted to end it all in one very risky

00:03:01.600 stroke and uh he would repeatedly bring this proposal to his council of war and every time uh the generals

00:03:08.420 would turn it down as as basically madness and and you know this is a washington i you know i had not

00:03:16.100 grown up with and so i i knew i wanted to follow him and so the the question for me was the to who

00:03:23.260 to pair him up with uh because i also knew that the middle years of the revolution uh were very different

00:03:29.420 from i think what most of us assume the revolution to be you know sort of this each battle stepping

00:03:34.240 stone to god-ordained victory uh instead the the sort of the gas came out of the revolution

00:03:40.680 and it became this stalemate in which um americans showed much more interest in fighting themselves

00:03:46.720 uh than the british and i said how do you get at this dark underbelly well my mother uh when i was

00:03:52.940 growing up in the 60s and 70s was a huge fan of benedict darnold and uh my mom was kind of a

00:03:59.340 renegade herself uh and uh she she always said that arnold had gotten a bum rap uh that there 0.69

00:04:07.300 were reasons why he did this and and that you know uh your teacher should teach you this and i'd

00:04:12.960 always say mom arnold personifies evil what what are you talking about well uh i am here before you

00:04:19.640 today to say that mom was right um i i realized that uh you know i had had this exposure to to arnold

00:04:27.920 as a kid and i i realized that's the guy to go with that's the guy to pair with washington

00:04:32.880 uh to and and what i do in value and ambition is is follow for four years uh why arnold at his

00:04:40.400 highest because he was what our best battlefield general uh in the beginning but oh but he would

00:04:45.940 have his reasons to become increasingly embittered uh with the american cause and ultimately four years

00:04:51.620 later uh he would decide to to turn traitor and so i wanted to follow those two very

00:04:57.680 different characters uh along very different paths yeah that's what i mean it really uh

00:05:03.280 opened my eyes to some kind of assumptions that i had i mean even start the book it was going back

00:05:09.020 to washington you talk about how i think one of the secretaries of the continental congress

00:05:13.340 he had these like a journal um and where he talked about like you know sort of the the foibles of

00:05:18.780 washington um and he thought about publishing them but at that time you know washington already been

00:05:24.320 you know he's the apotheosis of washington had already happened and we had this myth and he just

00:05:29.420 like no i can't undo this myth it's good for the country so he didn't publish it um so you said

00:05:34.520 that washington at the very beginning of the war lacked a bit of military acumen didn't have that sort

00:05:39.720 of pragmatic approach that he had so you know are there any specific examples where you talk about

00:05:45.340 in the book the four years you discuss where washington you know showed a lack of military acumen

00:05:50.040 that actually hurt the revolutionary cause yeah yeah well i mean from uh really where the the book

00:05:57.100 begins which is just after the siege of boston uh the british uh now have turned their sights on new

00:06:04.620 york and washington is dug into new york in the high ground in brooklyn on long island and the the british

00:06:13.380 have thrown a huge force at america 30 the uh 400 vessels 34 000 sailors and and soldiers this is the

00:06:24.720 largest invasionary force britain will mount until world war one i mean it's just a huge huge uh army

00:06:31.700 that washington has to deal with and he had no uh experience leading a large army in battle no one in

00:06:38.100 the american army had had that kind of experience and as i said before he was by temperament aggressive

00:06:44.160 and even though his his army was completely overmatched by the british he was determined to

00:06:50.220 fight and um and so he puts his army in a very risky position uh in long island and he's completely

00:06:58.120 out general by his british counterpart uh general howe in a flanking maneuver that uh and howe had the

00:07:05.720 opportunity to completely destroy washington's army uh uh but for the howe the howe brothers

00:07:13.060 because his older brother was the admiral that was in charge of the british fleet were hopeful that

00:07:17.940 they could humiliate the american army to the point that they were forced to negotiate a peace they

00:07:23.100 really felt that by destroying the american army they would hopelessly embitter the american people

00:07:28.500 and ultimately make a reconcile reconciliation impossible and so you could argue that it was not for

00:07:35.600 howe washington would have probably lost his army uh right there at the battle of long island

00:07:41.140 howe gave him the opportunity to escape at night in a brilliant retreat across the east river

00:07:47.440 and um eventually um you know but and yet he persisted in hanging out in in new york and trying to

00:07:54.560 defend that ultimately you'd be forced to retreat uh he would have that great comeback uh at trenton

00:08:01.040 and princeton but the following year uh when he was defending philadelphia from uh howe's uh army that

00:08:08.660 was now marching uh towards philadelphia which is the seat of the condom now congress once again

00:08:14.760 washington at the battles of brandywine and germantown surrenders to his naturally aggressive

00:08:21.060 side and uh and as a consequence puts his army in in very dangerous positions and suffers reversals that

00:08:29.360 ultimately allow the british to take uh to take uh philadelphia and it's only after this uh in the

00:08:37.500 winter of 1777 78 while he's holed up at valley forge that washington begins to realize okay i i really

00:08:46.080 need to commit to a different kind of strategy uh you know i want to fight but this is not the best

00:08:52.940 thing for my country given the state of the army i need to fight a defensive war a war of attrition

00:08:59.900 what he calls a war of posts and it's not what he wants to do it's uh it's it's not the way he's

00:09:06.220 wired but it's the way he will then proceed for the for the next years of the the war of independence and

00:09:13.080 it's kind of extraordinary and there are very few leaders who can go against the very essence of who

00:09:18.880 they are because they know it's the right thing to do and washington was one of those unusual people

00:09:24.160 and that's the moment when he turned into the pragmatic george washington we know today and

00:09:30.120 right and oh go ahead yeah and and one of the things that you know he had his weaknesses as a

00:09:35.860 military commander but he was an absolute genius as a politician and um and so what happens is as the

00:09:43.300 war devolves into a stalemate uh where you know each battle really doesn't do much to move move at

00:09:50.440 move anything in any direction uh it's washington's ability to deal with politicians with officers who

00:09:58.480 are infighting um it's you know it's it's his political skills that really rise to the fore and it's

00:10:05.980 it's it's kind of it's it's and he emerges as that one person capable of holding all of this

00:10:13.120 together yeah there was great examples of that political skill and action where i think washington

00:10:18.300 intercepted a note um where one of the generals was bad mouthing him um and he saw it and then he

00:10:25.000 passed it along to the guy that was supposed to get it and he left a note kind of sort of passive

00:10:29.460 aggressive you know um and it really shut the whole thing down everyone just backed away absolutely

00:10:35.580 right and this is this is during the terrible retreat across new jersey in the the uh fall of 1776

00:10:42.420 you know he's at his absolute lowest point um uh trenton is to come in just a month time but at

00:10:50.520 this point you know he's at his lowest and it's it's correspondence for joseph reed his his adjutant

00:10:56.900 general uh the person upon whom he depends the most the the closest person in his military family

00:11:02.460 reed is out away from headquarters so washington opens it and learns that reed unknown to him has been

00:11:09.660 in correspondence with charles lee the second ranking general in the american army and complaining about

00:11:16.400 washington for his indecisiveness and suggesting to lee that come winter uh uh uh that lee go south

00:11:24.020 and organize a new army you know and so this is not good news and and for most people it would be

00:11:30.700 crushing news that would probably inspire a good amount of anger washington uh doubtless felt that

00:11:37.980 but instead of outwardly expressing it he does something he's brilliant he he reseals the letter

00:11:44.380 and uh and sent it to reed with an accompanying note saying assuming uh this came for you assuming it was

00:11:51.520 official business i opened it as usual realizing it was something else my apologies and he leaves reed

00:11:57.780 the twist and the icy emptiness of his withheld wrath and man did he get the message and this is just

00:12:04.380 those are the political skills that uh would really serve him and our country so well in the years to come

00:12:11.040 yeah and not only did washington have this fiery temperament that wanted to cause you know he wanted to

00:12:15.680 attack all the time but i guess throughout the book this whole idea of valiant ambition

00:12:19.840 is all these generals had it in spades and there was this social pressure to you know to fight with honor

00:12:26.040 and to show yourself a man um and so i imagine that was a lot of the pressure that washington felt too

00:12:32.380 but he had to say you know i'm not going to take part in that i'm going to switch to this other

00:12:36.300 strategy because it's for the good of the country right and it killed him because you know many of his

00:12:41.820 own officers would say you know what are you doing you know why isn't you know why isn't he going after

00:12:47.100 them politicians who really had no clue as to what was going on militarily but you know just wanted

00:12:53.880 things to go as well as possible criticized him uh and and so it was a very difficult position to take

00:13:00.940 and uh and yet ultimately uh after you know two years of learning it the hard way um he he committed

00:13:09.480 to it and and you know it's it's you know it's the ultimate um you know it's it's so easy to to to

00:13:16.720 to surrender to our our impulses in a fit of anger and pique you know uh but washington learned nope i'm

00:13:24.400 going to take the higher ground i am going to keep the long view ahead of me and uh and we really owe

00:13:31.300 the fact that we have a country uh to washington's strength of character in this regard so the the the

00:13:37.300 guy you juxtaposed washington to uh was benedict arnold this is a guy who seemed like who couldn't

00:13:42.520 put a check on his his temperament and his ambition um what's interesting the book though like as you said

00:13:49.700 we had this idea that benedict arnold he was born a traitor like he was born he was predestined to go

00:13:55.340 to dante's seventh layer of hell right exactly but you highlight in great detail before washington

00:14:02.200 before arnold turned into a traitor he was one of america's great revolutionary war generals um i think

00:14:07.400 this is forgotten so can you take us through some of arnold's contributions to the american cause before

00:14:11.140 he committed treason i mean it's kind of right it's kind of amazing in the first years of the

00:14:15.520 revolution there was no one better on the battlefield uh than arnold i mean it was he

00:14:21.100 learned of lexington and concord and uh he's he's in new haven and he realizes that at the southern

00:14:28.960 end of lake champlain is fort ticonderoga a lightly held british fortress that contains all of these

00:14:36.800 cannons that would be of huge help to the american cause and it's also an important strategic point

00:14:42.980 and so he proposes to the officials in boston that he take fort ticonderoga uh by this time others

00:14:50.260 have heard about the idea and he ends up having to team up with ethan allen and the green mountain

00:14:56.800 boys and they famously side by side take fort ticonderoga uh and then while ethan allen and the

00:15:03.440 green mountain boys are getting drunk on the british liquor supply arnold commandeers a loyalist

00:15:09.160 schooner sails up the full hundred mile length of lake champlain and attacks a small british force at

00:15:16.100 saint john's in canada and takes what vessels they have destroys what he can't take with him and now

00:15:22.720 america has command of lake champlain an absolutely essential uh quarter of water uh that you know we

00:15:30.840 need to command and so he does that and then he he then goes to boston uh where now washington is the

00:15:38.040 commander of the american army washington stuck in the siege of boston but he sends arnold on an

00:15:44.520 impossible mission to try to take quebec and this requires him to go overland through maine i've

00:15:51.240 followed i've actually followed arnold's trail uh through the backwoods of maine there's still

00:15:56.100 nothing up there to this day you know if there's there's a signpost it has arnold's name on it because

00:16:02.820 he's apparently the last person to go through there but you know he loses a third of his soldiers

00:16:07.860 um to desertion and death staggers out of the the the wilderness and is there at quebec he's

00:16:15.300 heralded as the american hannibal he's ultimately unsuccessful in taking uh quebec no fault of his

00:16:22.280 own uh he's grievously injured but he pulls himself together and then uh in the the fall of 76

00:16:29.260 he fights the battle of valquor island the greatest naval battle that no one's ever heard of

00:16:34.920 uh fought on lake champlain and washington has lost new york by this time arnold by preventing the

00:16:42.600 british from taking fort ticonderoga saves america because if they had taken that fort and linked up

00:16:48.720 with how in new york it would have all been over and and so then he that that leads a year later to

00:16:55.020 the battle of saratoga the great victory in which uh the french are convinced to come into the war on

00:17:01.380 our side and and it was arnold's soldiers that that were responsible for it and so there's really

00:17:07.460 no one uh as short of washington who's doing more than arnold to to do all this and uh and as you said

00:17:14.100 you know he was passionate he couldn't control himself the way washington could uh when he was off

00:17:19.580 the battlefield but man our country owed him a lot in the first years of the revolution but i guess

00:17:26.280 were the seeds of uh arnold's you know treasonous uh you know his treasonous decision was he had these

00:17:33.800 great victories but it seemed like he perceived that he wasn't getting the the due respect that he

00:17:39.440 thought he deserved from other generals and also from the continental congress so i mean what were some

00:17:43.660 of these slights that arnold experienced from these generals that you know kind of sowed the the his 0.89

00:17:49.280 treason yeah there there are really two events that that had a lot to do with it the first was after

00:17:55.340 uh stopping the british from taking uh fort ticonderoga at the battle of valcour uh he was up for for

00:18:03.120 promotion he was our highest ranking brigadier general with the best record but the the continental

00:18:08.880 congress that reserved the right to pick major generals uh determined that each state should get

00:18:14.100 two of them and since arnold's home state of connecticut already had two he would be overlooked

00:18:21.160 and five generals who ranked below him would be elevated past him to major general and you know this

00:18:26.940 angered him it would have angered anyone in a greatly upset that washington who uh uh who who uh

00:18:34.320 realized that arnold was his best battlefield general at this time and so this began his his

00:18:40.860 questioning you know why am i doing this he had also uh given a lot of his personal fortune to the

00:18:46.720 cause in those first years in canada and the continental congress showed no interest in in compensating

00:18:52.620 but it would really be at the battle of saratoga uh in october of of 1777 where arnold would

00:19:00.540 suffer the experience that would really start his spiral uh uh in down into into treason uh he was

00:19:09.320 his commanding officer was horatio gates who was concerned that arnold with his reputation for

00:19:14.520 aggressiveness and success on the battlefield was a threat to stealing the glory from him uh and uh

00:19:21.420 and what he did gates did was instigate a a uh blow up with arnold there were two battles to the battle

00:19:28.660 of saratoga and the first the battle of freeman's farm it would be arnold's soldiers that delivered

00:19:33.420 a devastating blow to the british and sent them reeling and in his official account of the battle

00:19:39.140 gates chose not to mention arnold and gates uh knew arnold very very well had been with him on lake

00:19:46.260 champlain the previous year and knew just what buttons to push uh when it came to a guy of such a

00:19:51.720 passionate nature and so they have a violent argument and arnold is out of the northern army

00:19:57.980 uh this however does not prevent him from appearing on the battlefield in the final climactic battle of

00:20:04.060 bemis heights and it's arnold uh at the very end leads this amazing charge uh uh to the entrance

00:20:12.720 rear entrance of a british redoubt takes uh enters on his horse waving his sword commands him to

00:20:20.320 surrender and he uh is shot with a musket ball fired by a german soldier that fractures his left thigh

00:20:27.620 kills his horse which collapses on top of his injured leg and he's just lying there and one of

00:20:33.600 his young uh officers uh from new hampshire had been with him since quebec comes up to him says he badly

00:20:39.360 hurt and he says in the left leg i wish the musket ball had gone through my heart you know he knew that

00:20:45.460 uh here he is you know his left leg was going to be in very bad shape uh he's he was going to be in a

00:20:53.640 hospital bed for months ahead and gates is going to be the hero of saratoga and so it really you know

00:21:00.420 why am i doing this you know he he would eventually uh spend that winter in a hospital bed in albany

00:21:07.160 the leg that would emerge from the fracture box that they uh attached to it would be two inches

00:21:13.220 shorter it would be more than a year before he could walk unassisted and he began to wonder you

00:21:17.800 know why am i doing this um continental congress doesn't give me the respect i deserve but by that

00:21:23.180 time they'd give him his promotion but it was too little too late gates had you know messed with

00:21:29.180 his head and he had suffered this terrible debilitating physical injury and it was as much

00:21:36.020 a psychic wound as it was a physical injury and and and so he began to wonder what you know why am i

00:21:43.480 doing this and this began his his gradual creep uh towards uh treason and i think the other thing you

00:21:50.840 you really do your job of highlighting the book is that underneath this these slights that arnold was

00:21:56.400 experiencing that contributed to his you know decision to become a traitor was that during this

00:22:01.720 time of the war like as you said earlier um the america the american the colonies were like were

00:22:06.900 fighting each other basically uh and they were like their own worst enemies um so how did that

00:22:12.880 that acrimony that existed between the colonies also contribute to his um decision to commit treason

00:22:19.840 yeah because you know there was you know war against great britain but there was also civil war going

00:22:26.240 on and the american people were showing much more interest in fighting each other uh than the british

00:22:32.520 and as arnold's becoming increasingly bitter about his own treatment he's watching his country falling

00:22:40.460 apart um the continental congress does not have the power to tax the american people directly

00:22:46.000 so washington's army doesn't have the funds it needs to fight uh the the um and by the fall of 1780

00:22:56.520 um it really looks like if somehow washington can win this war will there be a country left to claim

00:23:03.720 victory i mean you know we we we now look back and see this as as god ordained but in the middle of it it

00:23:10.540 looked like the american people had really turned their backs on the vow they had made to one another with

00:23:15.780 the declaration of independence and so from arnold's point of view um he began to think

00:23:21.420 well since the continental congress is no one to trust uh when it comes to the welfare of this country

00:23:28.500 uh it's time to bring the british back uh we've defaulted on the pledge we made to ourselves let's bring

00:23:36.240 the british back to restore the freedoms we enjoyed before this uh misbegotten revolution

00:23:42.000 and so from his standpoint his what he uh what the others would regard as an act of treason

00:23:48.560 an attempt to uh to sell west point to the british uh he saw it as an act of patriotism uh you know

00:23:55.740 that it was up to someone like him to restore the government uh that had uh uh that had been

00:24:04.140 you know fallen and uh because the american people had proven incapable of governing themselves

00:24:10.180 so at what point did arnold decide to betray his country and i thought this interesting too

00:24:16.000 what role did his wife play in his betrayal yeah well you know arnold uh you know spouses

00:24:23.920 have a big influence on how people think and arnold uh you know had was was the the the hero of

00:24:31.220 saratoga um they had been forced to evacuate with the entrance of france after the battle of saratoga

00:24:37.800 they needed to consolidate their forces in new york and so arnold became the commander of this

00:24:43.280 war-torn city where there's literally fighting in the streets uh between uh patriots and and uh more

00:24:50.420 conservative loyalist leading citizens and um and arnold being the controversial person he was was soon

00:24:57.340 surrounded in controversy he was really unhappy with what was going on in the country and and

00:25:02.760 personally but he had fallen in love uh a a girl literally half his age 18 year old peggy shippen 0.93

00:25:09.340 he was 36 a widower with three young sons and they fell in love and uh her father uh her family was

00:25:16.980 well-to-do philadelphians who had royal connections prior to the revolution during the british occupation

00:25:23.080 she and her sisters had enjoyed socializing with the british officers one of whom major john andre

00:25:29.040 had uh had done a sketch of her that um just shows how beautiful a woman she really was 1.00

00:25:34.500 and uh within a month of uh their marriage um uh arnold would uh send his first feelers to the british

00:25:43.400 who are now in new york uh and uh that that feeler would go to none other than major john andre the

00:25:50.080 officer whom peggy had befriended and would become the british spy chief and and over the next year and a

00:25:56.720 half uh they would negotiate back and forth with arnold uh a wangling command of west point the most

00:26:04.980 important fortress in america and scheming to turn that over to the british and um so he he made that

00:26:13.700 decision he to to give over west point it failed i mean it was kind of i mean i i mean i i guess we

00:26:20.880 won't go into this because um we're almost out of time but like how it failed was it just seemed like

00:26:25.180 it was like pure chance and pure luck that this uh you know well the thing about arnold um you know

00:26:31.560 he was a good battlefield general and he was pretty darn good uh as a scheming uh uh uh traitor uh you 0.72

00:26:39.860 know he he had been in negotiations for more than a year and yet the very extensive spy network that

00:26:45.500 washington and others had put together had no notion no clue of what arnold was trying to do

00:26:51.220 and um and he and andre meet at night on the banks of the hudson river uh exchange the documents that

00:26:59.500 are crucial to the the taking of west point it's all about to happen uh andre needs to get back to

00:27:07.160 british occupied new york to make to make it happen but he's captured by three militiamen and it's only

00:27:12.800 that that uh foiled what might have been uh the plot that uh ended that made great britain victorious

00:27:21.880 yeah but then what i thought was interesting the book is that you you argue that arnold committing

00:27:28.000 treason was probably the best thing that could have happened to the americans why was his you know his

00:27:34.180 treason such a boon to the revolutionary cause well you know by the fall of 1780 uh the american war

00:27:41.940 effort had cratered it seemed like the american people had just given up uh you know no they

00:27:48.080 weren't willing they had hadn't been willing to pay taxes the british now they weren't willing to pay

00:27:52.560 the taxes required to fund the army needed to win them independence and um it just and they were

00:28:00.180 fracturing into 13 independent polities you know instead of functioning as a country but it was the

00:28:06.460 revelation of arnold's betrayal he you know this great uh hero who had uh tried to turn over west

00:28:13.040 point to the british this was uh had a galvanizing effect uh arnold would be burned in effigy in towns

00:28:19.500 up and down the eastern seaboard this was a true wake-up call and um i don't think it's an accident that

00:28:26.540 within a year's time uh america would enjoy the incredible victory at yorktown uh that would make

00:28:35.880 uh the victory of war in independent and the war of independence inevitable and and it's interesting

00:28:41.980 arnold uh uh would become a british brigadier general and be sent down to virginia and washington

00:28:49.400 was by this time very angry with arnold and making a real personal cause to get him

00:28:55.340 sent lafayette the the french general upon whom had become a virtual son to him down to get him

00:29:01.880 and this begins the movement of troops that would ultimately culminate in the great victory at yorktown

00:29:06.880 so i think ultimately you could argue that in the early years of the revolution arnold did more than

00:29:12.540 anyone short of washington for america but it was as a traitor uh that he really made possible ultimate

00:29:20.020 victory my guest here is nathaniel filbrick he's the author of the book valiant ambition it's

00:29:24.780 available on amazon.com and bookstores everywhere also if you want to delve deeper into this topic

00:29:28.420 check out our show notes at aom.is slash ambition

00:29:31.320 well that wraps up another edition of the art of manliness podcast for more manly tips and advice

00:29:47.100 make sure to check out the art of manliness website at artofmanliness.com and if you enjoy

00:29:50.760 the show i'd appreciate if you give us a review on itunes or stitcher it helps us out a lot as always

00:29:55.180 thank you for your continued support and until next time this is brett mckay telling you to stay

00:29:58.780 manly

00:29:59.580 manly

The Art of Manliness - August 05, 2016

#223： Valiant Ambition in the American Revolution

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