The Art of Manliness - April 25, 2022


Overcome the Decision Traps Around Diet and Exercise


Episode Stats

Length

43 minutes

Words per Minute

175.8642

Word Count

7,694

Sentence Count

444


Summary

In this episode, Dr. Michelle Seeger explains why exercise and eating aren t conducive to becoming habits, at least of the automatic variety, and why it s more helpful to think of these behaviors in terms of life space and choice points. She makes the case for why we shouldn t just focus on what drives behaviors, but also on what disrupts them.


Transcript

00:00:00.000 Brett McKay here, and welcome to another edition of the Art of Manliness podcast.
00:00:10.960 When it comes to making behavior change around diet and exercise, it's no secret that many
00:00:14.820 people fail in their efforts. My guest would say that's because too often we only concentrate
00:00:18.920 on the things that drive us towards that change, whether willpower or motivation or the rewards
00:00:23.080 that turn behaviors into habits, and that we need to think more about the obstacles keeping
00:00:26.420 us from making the decisions we desire. Her name is Michelle Seeger, and she's a behavioral
00:00:30.200 science researcher and health coach, as well as the author of The Joy Choice, How to Finally
00:00:33.920 Achieve Lasting Changes in Eating and Exercise. Today on the show, Michelle explains why exercise
00:00:38.100 and eating aren't conducive to becoming habits, at least of the automatic variety, and why
00:00:42.260 it's more helpful to think of these behaviors in terms of life space and choice points.
00:00:45.960 She makes the case for why we shouldn't just focus on what drives behaviors, but also understand
00:00:49.540 what disrupts them, and unpacks four of these disruptors, temptation, rebellion, accommodation,
00:00:54.120 and perfection. Michelle then offers a three-step decision tool for dealing with these disruptors
00:00:58.400 and explains how to develop the flexibility to choose the perfect and perfect option that
00:01:03.100 keeps you consistent and even celebrate and enjoy the decision to do something instead of
00:01:07.740 nothing. After the show's over, check out our show notes at awim.is.seeger. Michelle joins
00:01:13.140 you now via clearcast.io. All right, Michelle Seeger, welcome back to the show.
00:01:28.160 It's great to be here.
00:01:29.460 So we had you on a couple of years ago to talk about your book, No Sweat, which is all about
00:01:33.880 how to become more consistent with your exercise without gritting it out with just willpower.
00:01:39.060 And I was telling you before we got on, I have referenced that episode so many times on the
00:01:44.620 podcast whenever I have like a fitness person on. It's just some really great insights. You got a
00:01:49.840 new book out called The Joy Choice, How to Finally Achieve Lasting Changes in Eating and Exercise.
00:01:55.240 How is this new book a continuation of your thinking from No Sweat?
00:02:00.200 Great. You know, that's the question. And, you know, when I wrote No Sweat, I didn't think I had any
00:02:07.500 more ideas. So it was kind of a surprise to me when new thinking popped into my head. And here's
00:02:14.260 the relationship. No Sweat was about setting people up for converting exercise from a chore
00:02:22.920 into a gift. And of course, as you know, from what you just said, that has to do with picking
00:02:27.940 activities that you enjoy, that feel pleasurable or satisfying in some way, and definitely not
00:02:33.900 punishing. But no matter how much we set ourselves up for success in exercise and healthy eating or
00:02:41.000 really in any life area, the reality is, is that we are going to confront challenges to our plans and
00:02:48.980 our goals. And so the joy choice speaks to that. It explains to people what really gets in our way
00:02:58.460 when we bump up against an unexpected conflict to either our eating plan that we were doing so
00:03:05.280 great on or the exercise or physical activity regimen that we'd been doing. Oftentimes, and so I'll just
00:03:13.200 finish my answer there, that this book is all about how can we joyfully, easily, playfully address
00:03:21.700 those conflicts so that they don't get in our way. Gotcha. And I think this, again, this is kind
00:03:28.000 of counterintuitive because, or your approach in this book, because I think the typical approach
00:03:32.480 when people have, when they think, well, I got to eat better, I have to exercise regularly, they think,
00:03:38.360 well, I got to make these things a habit. And you make the case that behaviors like diet and exercise,
00:03:44.220 they are actually very conducive to habit formation. Why is that?
00:03:48.040 Yes. So first of all, let me just say, I love my flossing habit. I'm so glad I have an automatic
00:03:58.260 habit to feed my dog in the morning or else he might starve. So habit formation and automatic habits are
00:04:06.120 wonderful for simple behaviors that we depend on. The problem comes when we try to create automatic
00:04:15.300 habits for complicated, complex behaviors. Habit formation is based on what's called the habit
00:04:22.460 loop, which starts with some type of cue. It could be, you know, walking in the bathroom or brushing
00:04:27.800 your teeth. Then you do the behavior, and then there's some type of reward. And that reward in our
00:04:34.380 brain is very satisfying and helps create this association between the cue, the behavior, and then
00:04:41.460 the reward. And thus, an automatic habit that we don't have to think about. And it makes, like,
00:04:47.260 who wouldn't want to offload our choices? We have so much to think about every day.
00:04:51.740 The problem happens with complicated, complex behaviors. Because if you think about something
00:04:58.520 like flossing, where does it happen? And who's in there with you? Well, it mostly happens in the
00:05:04.900 bathroom. And much of the time, there is no one else there to disrupt that cue from happening.
00:05:11.000 But when it comes to physical activity or healthy eating, you know, we could be anywhere doing
00:05:17.340 anything with any number of people with any number of unexpected, you know, curveballs coming our way.
00:05:23.960 And the cues depend on a stable environment. And so with complicated behaviors, it's very hard for
00:05:34.520 that cue to stay stable. Now, I do want to add a caveat and two caveats. One is nothing is ever true
00:05:42.080 for everyone. So for example, this isn't true for my husband, who is what I call a habiter. He gets up
00:05:49.380 at 530 in the morning before he has any distractions, anything to get in the way of his cue, the alarm,
00:05:55.460 you know, getting him into the basement where he exercises. So people who are very disciplined and
00:06:02.160 don't have a lot of disruption in their life, or what I call habiters, they tend to be able to form
00:06:09.240 habits much more easily for complicated behaviors. But hopefully, the difference between forming a
00:06:17.440 habit for flossing and forming a habit for, you know, following some type of healthier eating plan,
00:06:23.380 the distinction is clear.
00:06:25.440 No, I think it is clear because eating is a complex thing. There's timing can be off.
00:06:29.600 Sometimes you are unexpectedly invited out to eat, right? And that wasn't part of the plan,
00:06:34.600 but you still want to be social and engaged with these individuals. And so that throws you for a
00:06:39.840 loop and your habit's not going to come in handy there because it's not the same routine.
00:06:44.960 And again, oftentimes things that are common sense, we kind of easily adopt them and think,
00:06:53.560 this makes sense. I'm going to do this. Or, you know, this was written about and it sounded
00:06:57.740 really compelling. But the problem is, or not the problem is, the deal is, is that when it comes to
00:07:04.260 making changes in behavior, there's always going to be assumptions underneath behavior change
00:07:11.940 strategies. And if we don't know to look at those assumptions and see if we meet them or not,
00:07:17.520 then we won't know if it's actually going to be the right fit for us.
00:07:20.660 Got you. So yeah, one of those assumptions is that you can turn any, any behavior into a habit.
00:07:26.180 Maybe if you're like, if you're like your husband, you might be able to do that. But if you're someone
00:07:30.700 who's not as disciplined or conscientious, you're not going to be able to turn complex behavior,
00:07:35.220 like exercise program into a habit. And you have to take that into consideration.
00:07:39.540 Yeah. Not just person, not just personality is definitely an issue, but the other part of it is,
00:07:44.380 you know, if you're managing the lives of many people and you're juggling multiple roles and
00:07:49.520 responsibilities, that adds a level of unexpected chaos and hubbub that, you know, would make a
00:07:57.000 habit very hard to stand the test of time. An automatic habit, I should say.
00:08:01.500 Well, another issue with behaviors like eating and exercise, unlike flossing, flossing doesn't
00:08:07.440 have a lot of emotional baggage typically. I mean, I typically, I get shamed every time I go to the
00:08:12.780 dental dentist and the hygienist is like, they do that test where they check your pockets to see,
00:08:17.180 and they can tell, oh, you got some four millimeter pockets here. I'm like, oh, geez.
00:08:21.880 But I mean, I don't really, I don't have a lot of baggage about flossing, but exercise and diet,
00:08:27.060 people over the years could develop just bad experience with those. And that can affect
00:08:31.480 whether that becomes a habit or not. Right. And you know, that's something else that
00:08:35.960 we don't think a lot about. So if we have any body shame that could be intertwined with exercising or
00:08:44.920 trying to change your eating or discomfort or guilt or sense of failure, you know, for habits to form
00:08:54.200 with that loop, we have to be able to have that reward. And so think about how feeling that those
00:09:02.200 types of complicated negative emotions could really thwart having the reward that is actually needed to
00:09:09.300 form a habit. So that's another one of the assumptions that you're mentioning.
00:09:12.340 Okay. So instead of thinking of implementing these behavior changes of diet and exercise in
00:09:19.300 terms of habits, you make this case that you should think of it in terms of life space and
00:09:25.980 choice points. And this came from a social psychologist named Kurt Lewin. Can you tell us
00:09:31.680 about his idea of decision-making and how you've taken that and applied it to diet and exercise?
00:09:37.400 Sure. So a lot of people these days are talking about Kurt Lewin. His work has kind of had a
00:09:44.780 resurgence after a long time. And, you know, Daniel Kahneman actually was talking about this idea and it
00:09:53.420 was recorded on a Freakonomics episode. And so Daniel Kahneman said this was, I think he said,
00:10:00.800 this is the best idea, a Nobel prize winning, let me say, you know, the man, Daniel Kahneman was saying
00:10:06.620 that the best idea he's ever heard came from his mentor, Kurt Lewin, which is that instead of trying
00:10:14.940 to drive a behavior, we should look at everything that gets in its way. And so if we take that idea
00:10:21.660 and we think about the life space, which is the, everything we bring to a decision at the point
00:10:29.400 of choice of any choice, that is our life space. And we bring our personalities to it. We bring
00:10:36.160 our internal conflicts to it. I mean, we bring everything. And so at this life space, which is
00:10:43.280 this choice point, this point of decision, we're coming with everything, not just, I really want to
00:10:50.580 follow my plan, but I feel, I'll feel like a failure if I don't do it or this, you know, I know I can't
00:10:57.620 do it. Why even bother? Or, oh no, my phone's ringing. It's my, you know, it's my, my kid's
00:11:03.740 school. I better pick it up. I mean, everything comes to this moment of choice. So the question is
00:11:09.300 which forces, and this is part of this idea that there's drivers and then there's disruptors at these,
00:11:17.640 at every point of decision or what I'm calling choice points, there's drivers and disruptors.
00:11:24.040 And so which is going to win out and, and whichever forces are more compelling at the, at the moment
00:11:31.940 are going to basically flip the switch. Are you going to do the choice you hoped for? Are you not
00:11:38.520 going to do it? Is there an alternative to the, to the choice? Gotcha. Okay. So just to reiterate with
00:11:44.460 any choice, there's things driving us towards that choice. And I typically, when we think about
00:11:48.760 behavior change, we think about that, like how can we drive ourselves to make the correct choice?
00:11:53.700 But what Lewin says, you also have to think about what's disrupting, what's pushing you away from
00:11:57.700 that choice. And I like Kahneman says, you should ask instead of how can I drive this behavior? Ask
00:12:03.480 instead, why aren't I doing it already? I think that's really insightful.
00:12:07.520 It is really insightful. And it's, it's kind of interesting to note that that is also,
00:12:13.140 you know, habit formation is based on a driver model. Right. Yeah. Right. It's based on a reward
00:12:22.060 driving a behavior and creating this unconscious association. So, you know, Kahneman saying,
00:12:28.520 gee, we really would be the most strategic thing we can do is figure out what is actually getting in
00:12:34.020 the way and addressing those things. And then this idea of not just choice points,
00:12:38.240 but life space, thinking about the decisions in the broader context of your life. You can't just
00:12:42.180 think of diet and exercise as separate from your life. We like to think we can do that,
00:12:47.660 that there's sort of these separate systems, but in fact, they are part of our larger life experience.
00:12:53.120 We have to integrate it with not only with work, but our family life, stress levels. And if you don't
00:12:58.840 do that, you're just kind of kicking against the pricks.
00:13:00.860 Yes. That's exactly right. But we haven't been taught as a society, we haven't been taught to
00:13:06.880 think about the context, the many contexts that are around these desired changes in behavior. But
00:13:13.880 just like you said, it's like if people start a business and they start businesses without
00:13:18.800 business plans, but oftentimes, you know, investors are going to look to see, okay,
00:13:22.780 have you done your analysis? What is it called? The SWOT analysis or some type of analysis where you
00:13:27.840 show that you know, what are the opportunities, what are the challenges, what are the competitors?
00:13:34.160 We really need to come to changes in behavior in that strategic way. And the reason why is because
00:13:41.660 we often think about changes in behavior, like I'm motivated right now, this is what I want to achieve.
00:13:47.980 But if we switch our perspective from this kind of intense motivation or the motivation bubble that
00:13:55.360 gets us started to, gosh, I really want this behavior to stand the test of time through the ins and outs
00:14:03.060 and ebbs and flows of my life. And that means I have to think about the context that it has to survive
00:14:10.620 within.
00:14:11.440 Okay. So let's talk about these disruptors that push us away from the decision we want to make.
00:14:17.120 And you highlight four of them in your book. Let's talk about the first one. It's temptation.
00:14:23.440 As a behavioral scientist, how do you define a temptation?
00:14:27.440 You know, I define temptation, I would say more from my coaching than as someone who is,
00:14:35.540 you know, actually done research on temptation. My experience is how people experience it,
00:14:41.860 that I work with. And here's what they say. They say they feel like they're being seduced
00:14:47.080 or pulled and it's a visceral experience. And it could be a pull toward that chocolate cake that
00:14:53.400 they may not be on their eating plan or a pull toward the couch and, you know, HBO Max or something
00:15:03.020 instead of the plan to go to the gym. And so we're used to thinking of temptation as something that
00:15:10.580 controls us from the outside. But what I think is really interesting is the new theory are the new
00:15:17.340 theories that are about temptation and desire. And they propose and there's research to support them
00:15:25.740 that temptation, when we feel that visceral pull to do something like that, it's coming from inside
00:15:33.280 our brain. It's not coming from the chocolate cake that's in front of us. It's coming from our history
00:15:40.180 of experiences eating chocolate cake, not just the flavor, but the texture and the mood we were in when
00:15:47.900 we ate it or the many times we ate it and who we were with and the connection we felt. And so I think
00:15:55.840 it's really empowering to understand, no, it's not just that that cake looks good. It's that,
00:16:01.600 and this, we could think of these as forces that are in our life space at these choice points. And so
00:16:08.160 that's, in that chapter, I talk about how we can kind of harness this, these new theories that are
00:16:15.060 about how our brains work and the different systems in our brain to help us address the visceral pull
00:16:23.920 we might feel. I was going to say that, that theory with, in terms of food, you apply a grounded
00:16:29.040 cognition theory. Yes. And that's what you're talking about. It's like all the feelings you
00:16:33.380 experience when you see that, I don't know, that cheeseburger, right? Like, oh, I, I, when I had a
00:16:39.780 cheeseburger when I had a kid, like, it made me feel good, have memories of it. Like, you're bringing
00:16:43.280 that to, with you every time you have that choice to eat a burger or not. Yeah, that's exactly right.
00:16:48.220 The grounded theory of cognition says, is all about the sense, the sensory experiences that go
00:16:55.180 with it and the meanings that go with it. And to a great extent, many of them are under our
00:17:00.260 consciousness. But the really cool thing is that once you learn about these things, once you learn
00:17:06.220 that certain things are there, but you might not have been aware of it, you shine a light on those
00:17:11.340 experiences and then you can be aware of them and name them, which also helps you have a better able to
00:17:17.380 control impulses to succumb to a temptation that you might not want to succumb to. Yeah, you make
00:17:23.280 this, you have the sentences, in its very essence, temptation is emotion remembered, basically.
00:17:30.460 Yeah, I believe that came from an interview I did with Dr. Joel Nigg, who's an expert in executive
00:17:38.020 functioning. Yes, it's, it is, I mean, isn't that a cool definition? It's, it's an emo, it's emotion
00:17:46.240 remembered. And, but the memory can be, it doesn't have to be consciously remembered. It can be
00:17:51.880 unconsciously remembered. And then with exercise, there's this idea of effective reflective theory
00:17:57.980 of physical activity. Yes. Which kind of helps explain like why, like, ah, we, we, we want to
00:18:03.660 exercise and we're like, ah, I don't actually, no, I don't want to. And then we decide not to.
00:18:07.480 Yes. And so, I mean, those, they're different theories about different behaviors, but they,
00:18:13.900 there are some similar, really kind of fundamental similarities. And, you know, one of the similarities
00:18:19.240 is that our past experiences with the behavior, you know, contribute to the life space at the moment
00:18:26.200 of choice. And if we had a negative experience or PE, or we feel self-conscious in the gym or,
00:18:33.800 you know, whatever the reason is that those experiences, they call them in the paper,
00:18:39.200 they say they tag exercise with an emotional meaning, or another word is branded. So our past
00:18:45.660 experiences brand, have branded physical activity. And like any branding process, you know, it creates
00:18:53.320 either an, a desire to approach something or a disdain to avoid it. And that's why we have to be
00:18:59.440 so conscious of what these behaviors mean to us. And, and again, once we learn that,
00:19:07.980 then we can take back control.
00:19:11.320 Right. And we, um, we had on the podcast a couple months ago, Judson Brewer, and you highlight his
00:19:17.060 research as well, where he's using these ideas of grounded cognition theory and ART, this active
00:19:23.500 reflective theory to update your emotional values to these behaviors. So that instead of being like,
00:19:30.640 meh, like you're like, Oh yeah, actually I want to do those things. Cause I actually enjoy them.
00:19:34.480 Yeah. Yes. And you know, the value-based decision-making and updating the value of something,
00:19:39.960 I mean, really that was the biggest part of no sweat was helping people increase the value of
00:19:46.440 exercise through converting it from a chore into a gift. And it, even though, you know, my process
00:19:52.320 didn't explicitly talk about the underlying brain mechanisms that Judson Brewer talks about. And I
00:19:58.400 am a big fan of his, by the way, that is what, that's what we're talking about. And that's what
00:20:03.940 we need to do. I mean, that is part of the process. If you disdain exercise, no matter, you know, what
00:20:10.260 your goal is, the research pretty clearly shows you just will not be able to sustain it. So, you know,
00:20:16.640 the first step for someone is to figure out if you really disdain the eating plan you're trying to
00:20:23.920 adopt or, you know, the exercise program you're trying to develop into a lasting change, starting
00:20:32.980 with figuring out how to create a positive meaning and experience is really going to be the first part
00:20:38.600 because those experiences are so potent emotion as, you know, we probably talked about this in our
00:20:44.660 last interview that, you know, how we feel about something really determines whether we do it over
00:20:49.320 time. So the emotions, the emotional meaning we have for any behavior is hugely impactful and we've
00:20:55.900 got to be aware of that. And that is what the temptation chapter, that is, you know, we, that's
00:21:01.600 the beginning, that's the tip of the iceberg on that question. We're going to take a quick break
00:21:06.120 for your words from our sponsors. And now back to the show. So another disruptor is rebellion.
00:21:13.140 And this is interesting because why would we want to rebel against a positive choice?
00:21:19.680 Well, you know, when I, as soon as I say it, people are going to go, oh yeah. Well, because we rebel
00:21:26.540 against having our freedom taken away, you know, via reactance theory, we know that human beings are
00:21:33.120 motivated to reclaim their freedom when they feel that it's been removed. So on a higher level,
00:21:39.540 if we're trying to exercise or change our, the way we're eating, because we think we quote unquote
00:21:44.680 should do it, or our doctor told us to, or our company is somehow either incentivizing us in ways
00:21:52.140 that feel controlling or punitive. Well, I'm going to want to rebel against that. I actually, I have a
00:22:00.240 real, I have a story to really explain this. I have a colleague who worked for a company that
00:22:06.560 well, I wouldn't say incentivized. There were, there were programs in place that he would pay less
00:22:11.980 for monthly insurance if he lost weight and went to the gym and attended Weight Watchers and they
00:22:19.420 tracked him, right? It was an electronic tracking system. And he, he did all these things to get the
00:22:23.980 inexpensive health insurance. But as soon as he got home, he was like, screw this and just went to
00:22:31.620 town. And that is rebellion, you know, that in its true essence. And guess what? He, he recognized what
00:22:38.700 was going on and he's like, you know what? I'm going to pay the higher insurance premium because this is
00:22:44.260 just a psychological nightmare and I'm not taking care of myself. So that might be an extreme example,
00:22:50.520 but it really does reflect why we would rebel against something that we in theory think we
00:22:56.440 really want. No, I've had that experience too. And you talk about this in the book. There's these
00:23:00.960 companies who have developed apps that are geared towards better eating or exercising where they'll
00:23:06.340 send you a notification and say, Hey, it's time to do your exercise. You just tap it. And then it gives
00:23:11.600 you the workout. And what the research has found is that people actually rebel against that. I mean,
00:23:15.960 the first time they're like, this is great. I'm getting this kind of coach, but then after a while,
00:23:18.980 I was like, this is really annoying. And then they just turn it off and they don't want to do it
00:23:22.780 anymore. I had that experience. I downloaded this app. It was a habit app actually to help me floss,
00:23:28.300 right? Remind myself to floss. So it'd send me this notification at night on my smartwatch.
00:23:33.700 And at first like, Oh, this is great. And then after a while, like, this is so annoying. And then
00:23:37.660 it kept, keeps bugging you. It's like, it looks like you're not doing your flossing, Brett. And I'm
00:23:42.400 like, I just deleted the app. I'm like, no, you're annoying.
00:23:46.700 It goes from a nudge to a nudge.
00:23:49.500 Yeah. Don't want to be a nudge. All right. So we have temptation. We have rebellion. Another one,
00:23:54.560 a disruptor is accommodation. I think this happens a lot for people, particularly around their diet.
00:23:59.920 What's the accommodation disruptor?
00:24:02.280 Well, you know, well, it's, it's, it's different depending on which behavior, but let's jump,
00:24:07.460 jump into the example that I use in the book. So accommodation reflects consistently placing your
00:24:16.180 plans, your self-care plans, your exercise, exercise needs, whatever, always behind the needs
00:24:22.580 of other people or the project. So if we're talking about eating, I had a client and she had a three
00:24:27.980 family reunion every year at the same time. And people, you know, always bring these wonderful,
00:24:34.300 delicious foods. And a few weeks or months before she, this very celebratory weekend happened,
00:24:40.960 she had started following a new eating plan. She felt great. She was proud of herself. There was
00:24:45.560 no rebelling in sight. I mean, this was, she was all in, but on one of the evenings, one of the,
00:24:53.360 her, her friends took out a special cake that she had baked just for this occasion. And my client felt
00:25:01.860 like she didn't have a choice about eating it. She was accommodating what she perceived as the
00:25:07.280 celebratory needs of the full group. And so that's an example of how with accommodation,
00:25:14.280 how someone with eating could think, gosh, I don't want to be a bummer. I don't want to burst the
00:25:18.120 bubble. I don't want to be the no, you know, the no person, you know, and that's just one very
00:25:23.380 straightforward way with eating, how accommodation works. Of course, there are many other alternatives
00:25:28.840 to her, but she was so stuck in, I need to make sure I meet other people's needs that she couldn't,
00:25:37.180 she didn't have the consciousness or the mental prowess to figure out the many alternatives that
00:25:44.600 were there. Or like with exercise, that happens too as well. My kid needs to do this thing. So I'll
00:25:48.860 go do that thing with my kid instead of exercising. Yeah. Or I, my work is always more important.
00:25:55.060 And it's always more important, you know, trying to get to zero and inbox just in like, oh, oh yeah,
00:26:01.180 I know I had planned to go, you know, outside and take a walk, but I've got 50 emails. Let me see if
00:26:06.900 I get down to it. But it's like, if you consistently make those choices now, sometimes we have to make
00:26:11.560 the choices. That's not what accommodation is. Accommodation is consistently placing your
00:26:17.900 eating plans, your exercise goals, whatever they are below all these other needs.
00:26:23.860 And that's an easy one to fall into because you feel like you're being a good person. It's kind of
00:26:27.960 playing to your idea of altruism, but in the end, it's actually, it's hurting you.
00:26:32.240 It's, it's what, well, it's also what we've been taught to value in society. I mean, that's why we
00:26:36.840 think we're being a good person is, you know, we have been taught to be productive and to be successful
00:26:41.140 and to take care of all the people we love. But, you know, that's an extreme, we haven't been taught
00:26:47.700 that it's an extreme message, but really it's much more adaptive to be in the middle, right? If you're
00:26:53.060 always taking care of yourself to the exclusion of other people's needs, then you're selfish and
00:26:57.200 that's a bad thing, but really there's a middle ground. That's the sweet spot.
00:27:01.600 All right. The final disruptor is perfection. And I think we talked, I mean, we talked about this in
00:27:07.260 No Sweat as well, but how's that, how's this idea of perfection disrupt our good choices?
00:27:13.220 Well, perfection is, you know, I was, I'm going to say, this is the icing on the cake. I mean,
00:27:20.100 this is the cake and the icing, you know, and the platter. We've been taught to have all or nothing
00:27:25.860 thinking in society. And so when we come to a choice point where we had planned to, you know,
00:27:31.900 we were just talking about going outside and taking a walk and a conflict arises.
00:27:35.620 If I can't take the 45 minute walk, then the only alternative is nothing. And that is how most
00:27:44.100 people come to choice points. But, you know, in a way it's become a dogma that it's, we have very
00:27:50.660 perfectionistic ideas about what our exercise and our eating needs to look like. And this dogma has,
00:27:57.520 it blinds us to the, to the numerous, many options that are right in front of us, but we haven't
00:28:05.280 learned, we haven't been taught, been socialized to, to understand that being flexible is actually
00:28:13.360 the most adeptive response we can have so that the alternative to all or nothing is,
00:28:20.220 ta-da, something is better than nothing. Right. And I can see this, this perfection problem
00:28:25.900 hitting people, particularly if they decide to follow some strict, restrictive diet, like paleo
00:28:30.340 or whole 30 or whatever. It's like, well, I didn't do it today. What the hell? I'm just going to eat
00:28:35.240 this giant cake. Why not? Because I've already blown it. And that's what tends to happen. And
00:28:39.920 research shows when you come to these choice points with restrictive strategies, it boomerangs and
00:28:46.540 it backfires. But, you know, and again, I want to say, I want to say this here, because it's
00:28:51.720 appropriate. This is a place also where there might be individual differences where, you know,
00:28:57.580 someone, and I think it's the minority of people, but I do know some people who, you know, literally
00:29:02.680 have to follow their, you know, paleo diet to a T. The problem is, is that everyone has been taught
00:29:10.440 to follow whatever diet to a T. And that is not what research shows results in sustainable change for
00:29:18.320 most people. So what we need to do, I mean, we really need a revolution on this. We need to
00:29:23.880 revolutionize our thinking, our belief systems, our mindset, so that we begin to understand that
00:29:30.460 something is better than nothing. I'm going to make the perfect imperfect choice because that is what
00:29:36.720 will keep me on the path of lasting change. Okay. So every choice point we have when it comes to diet
00:29:41.120 or exercise, there's, there's possibly going to be a temptation there. You might have a feeling of
00:29:46.140 rebellion, accommodation, or perfection. And I guess for every person, it's going to be different
00:29:51.820 what that disruptor is, correct? Correct. Okay. And then, so I guess by knowing what the disruptor
00:29:57.880 is, it'll allow you to figure out how to approach this choice. Is that the idea? That's exactly right.
00:30:03.560 And, you know, if people are interested in seeing whether they, you know, how they score on these
00:30:09.040 disruptors or what I call traps, decision traps, there's a, there's actually a quiz on my website that
00:30:14.940 people can take. But the thing is, is that it's understanding what, again, self-awareness is
00:30:22.480 what we all need to make changes that we can stick with. So just, so being able to say, oh, I know
00:30:28.080 that this is my trap or this is, you know, one of the things that really gets in my mind. I'm noticing
00:30:33.000 it. Hello, temptation. I see you staring at me. The very act of naming, what has the propensity,
00:30:40.760 what has the possibility of derailing our choice or getting us into some kind of non-optimal self-talk
00:30:49.240 or self, you know, denigration, we can take some of that power away. So that's the power of knowing
00:30:56.560 what, what our traps tend to be. And then to counter, or like to make a, what do you call a
00:31:02.240 joy choice? You've developed this acronym called POP. And I like this, this sort of metaphor you've
00:31:06.300 created. These, these life choices that we experience are kind of like bubbles, right?
00:31:10.740 Like we have this idea of different possibilities, but everyone could be popped at any moment because
00:31:16.440 of circumstances. How we respond to how that original idea pops is what you talk about with
00:31:21.560 this acronym POP. So let's say we, we face this decision point with our diet or exercise, say we
00:31:26.800 want to exercise. We have this plan of what our, what our ideal workout plan would look like.
00:31:32.240 The choice is there, but then something comes up to interrupt it. How can this acronym of POP
00:31:37.220 help us navigate that choice point? Sure. So first let's think about it this way.
00:31:44.820 Usually at choice point, at choice points, life bursts our bubble, right? Like something happens and
00:31:51.420 we think we have all or nothing thinking and it just goes, our bubble goes down the drain, but instead
00:31:56.600 pop is this proactive self-owning action, I'm going to pop my plan metaphorically that we had,
00:32:05.200 cause we can't do it. And we can open up and release the options that are in front of us. So
00:32:10.020 POP now is an acronym that we are, you know, proactively choosing the process to go through.
00:32:16.980 It stands for pause because, you know, I didn't make up the wisdom of the pause. It's been around
00:32:24.080 for thousands of years. It, the pausing lets us both name our trap, which takes away some of its
00:32:31.080 power. It also gives us a space so that we can figure out how to respond instead of react unconsciously,
00:32:38.940 you know, through a trap or something else. It allows us to harness our conscious attention
00:32:45.720 so that we can engage our executive functions, which is our, which are our innate mental abilities
00:32:51.620 that let us problem solve. So that's what pause does. Then the O in POP is open up our options and
00:33:00.360 play. And that's just a fun opportunity to just think, what else could I do? I don't have 45 minutes
00:33:09.560 from my walk. I could walk for 15, or maybe I go down to the basement and ride the exercise bike
00:33:16.520 for five after dinner. Or maybe I see if a friend wants to take a walk, uh, for 10 minutes before dinner,
00:33:23.380 or I pop into the gym for seven minutes. I mean, there's all these options always available, but we
00:33:29.440 haven't been taught to think about it. And, you know, research shows that when we help people see
00:33:35.460 things in a certain way, it actually helps them embrace the concept. So by the very essence of the POP
00:33:42.220 process and acronym, people are learning how to think more adaptively. And then the third part of POP
00:33:51.020 is the second P, pause, open up your options and pick the joy choice. And the joy choice is anything.
00:34:01.640 It's the perfect imperfect option that lets us do something instead of nothing. And that could be
00:34:07.820 as simple as I am simply going to walk to the mailbox, which I might not have done. And that's
00:34:14.300 going to be my joy choice today because that's all the time I have, or that's all I have energy for.
00:34:20.080 And by its very essence, we are choosing to be consistent. And that is something that we can
00:34:29.540 feel success about and, and joyful.
00:34:33.600 No. And you can apply this POP to any one of those different traps, right? So I was thinking,
00:34:39.240 as you were talking about this, I was saying, well, say like your trap is accommodation,
00:34:42.360 right? You get invited out to dinner, which you weren't expecting to like the cheesecake factory.
00:34:47.400 And so you accommodate, you're like, well, I want to go because I want to be with these people that I
00:34:50.440 enjoy. But like, you could be like, okay, this doesn't fit my eating plan exactly. How can I still
00:34:56.020 join them in this, this dinner without it just disrupting things too much? And you could say,
00:35:01.140 well, I'll get a salad, a big salad instead of like the cheeseburger with the cheesecake afterwards.
00:35:06.320 Like that's a way you could use this POP process to counter the accommodation trap.
00:35:12.080 Yeah. I mean, you could say, you know, gee, I'd really like a hamburger and I want to participate
00:35:17.040 in the celebration, but I know the hamburger isn't going to make me feel great. So how about I have
00:35:21.120 half the hamburger? Like it's really about teaching people to make compromises that in the past would
00:35:29.840 have been considered as quote unquote failures. But in fact, it's the compromises, it's the trade-offs
00:35:36.220 that research suggests best keep us on the path of lasting change. So, and the more we do it,
00:35:43.300 the better at generating different options we get. So it is a process of learning and it might
00:35:49.660 not be, you know, people, it takes time to learn, you know, to memorize an acronym POP.
00:35:55.300 But I also suggest to my clients that they make a contact. So when they get to the choice point at
00:36:00.060 the beginning of learning it, they don't have to remember it right away. They can just pull up POP
00:36:05.260 and read it and go through the process. No, I've done this, like this POP process sort of
00:36:10.720 intuitively over the years, because I think one of my big troubles with working out consistently
00:36:15.920 was always perfection. It was like, well, if I can't do the actual workout, I'm not going to
00:36:20.300 work out at all. And a couple of years ago, it just changed to, well, I don't have time to get
00:36:25.320 the whole workout in. So I'll just do the main, like I do barbell training. So I was like, well,
00:36:28.680 if I can't get the whole thing in, I'll just do the main lifts and I won't do like the bicep curls
00:36:33.580 and the accessory work. I'll just clip that. Or I'll even reduce, I'm really clipped for time,
00:36:38.380 really short for time. So what I'll do instead of, I'll just do two sets instead of three sets.
00:36:42.920 And that'll shorten and allow me to get some work in. And then, you know, it's not the full
00:36:47.260 workout, but I got something in it. And it keeps that, I guess that flywheel turning of consistent
00:36:52.180 exercise in my life. That's exactly right. You know, in the past, when I might not have wanted
00:36:59.060 to go into the gym for 45 minutes and do a full set of, you know, hand weights, because I was just
00:37:06.200 exhausted. But I said, Michelle, you know what? Go in and do, you know, three sets of three,
00:37:13.220 like literally, like do a quarter or 20%. And instead of viewing it as not worth doing,
00:37:19.900 view it as the joy choice, the perfect and perfect option that lets you do something. I mean,
00:37:25.000 that is the new mantra. We've, that is what will get more people successful, feeling good and,
00:37:32.100 and staying consistent. It's so counterintuitive in a way that if we give ourselves permission to do
00:37:38.540 less than the ideal or the bullseye, that it's somehow we're failing, but it's the opposite.
00:37:46.200 When we let ourselves do less, we actually do more.
00:37:49.560 No, that's the thing. Every nutritionist I've talked to, health expert I've talked to,
00:37:53.140 the thing they say that will lead to lasting success is you just have to be consistent.
00:37:58.300 And that perfection, I think for a lot of people, the perfectionist thing gets in the way of being
00:38:02.900 consistent because they just, it's all or nothing. So if you can just do something,
00:38:07.480 that is probably better for you in the long run than just not doing anything at all.
00:38:12.480 And can I just add something right here?
00:38:15.240 Sure.
00:38:15.720 When I actually, last week when I was giving a keynote, someone raised their hand and said, well,
00:38:21.280 how do we stop someone from creating a bad habit of, you know, not doing anything or not doing enough?
00:38:27.740 And, you know, it's a great question, right? But the answer is the other way doesn't work.
00:38:36.260 The other way for most people, which is trying to aim for a bullseye doesn't work.
00:38:41.720 So would you rather have people do less of, be consistent with doing less than,
00:38:48.900 you know, might be an optimal dose of something,
00:38:51.600 or would you rather have people do nothing of the gold standard? And, you know, the logic is clear
00:38:58.300 that a better model for the way our human brain works and the way our chaotic lives are lived is
00:39:06.940 that we have to learn how to be flexible. But it's one thing to tell people that being flexible is the
00:39:13.440 solution. And it's another thing to get them to really feel great about it. And that's the point
00:39:19.740 of the book. I want people to celebrate when they make the perfect and perfect choice.
00:39:26.260 Well, how do you do this process, this pop process, when you're feeling particularly
00:39:29.260 stressed or, you know, tempted? Because it is, you're bringing in your executive function to do
00:39:34.460 this. And, you know, the research has shown when you're really stressed out, like that executive
00:39:38.300 function kind of goes to the back burner and our lizard brain takes control. Is it just a matter
00:39:43.800 of practicing? It is a matter of practicing. And, you know, I find that when I'm stressed,
00:39:52.120 you know, the act of noticing that and saying, can I pop it? Like I use pop for everything now.
00:39:59.640 I don't just use it for choice points with exercise and eating. I use it, you know, when I might be
00:40:06.020 irritated at someone in my family, you know, can I pop this? What are my, let me pause me,
00:40:10.580 open up my options here. Let me pick the joy choice. Yes. So if we can name the stress and see
00:40:17.240 it, then we immediately take back some of the power in that situation. And then we can shift into
00:40:24.600 the, you know, harnessing our executive functions. You know, I really like what Judson Brewer says,
00:40:31.060 which is get curious. So as a first step, I think getting curious, hmm. And that's, he even says that,
00:40:38.920 hmm, I notice that I'm feeling stressed right now. I wonder what that's about. I think the
00:40:45.320 friendly we are, the more curious we can be instead of just feeling like, I can't believe it. Or when we
00:40:52.900 notice and have awareness, that gives us an observer perspective. And again, this is, you know,
00:40:59.300 paramount. This is core wisdom in the mindfulness movement. When we can self-observe, we really do have
00:41:06.560 much more control. And so the idea is that we can notice the stress and then shift into the pop
00:41:15.680 process. And I found it very empowering to say, I'm going to pop that stress or I'm going to pop
00:41:20.580 that anger or I'm going to pop that in my plan and see what else, what else I can do.
00:41:25.960 Yeah. As I was reading your book, I got, you were saying that you, you use this process for things
00:41:31.200 beyond eating and exercise. And I think it works for other complex behavior change as well. I mean,
00:41:36.300 I think typically people make near resolutions. Like I want to be less angry. And I think this,
00:41:40.680 this pop process can help you. Whenever you feel angry, it's like, I think about, okay,
00:41:44.680 what's going on here? What are my options besides lashing out? And then you pick the one that's
00:41:50.980 a better option besides lashing.
00:41:53.260 And then you celebrate.
00:41:54.580 Yeah. Well, Michelle, this has been a great conversation. Where can people go to learn more
00:41:58.340 about the book and your work? I've had so much fun, Rhett. Thank you. People can go to my website,
00:42:04.060 which is my name, michelleseger.com. And I know that this is being aired on the 25th of April. So
00:42:12.040 if people are intrigued by the ideas we're talking about and want to learn more about the science or
00:42:17.800 method, if they order before the 26th midnight tonight, they can participate in my four session live
00:42:26.380 book club with a workbook. That's where we'll go deeper into these issues. So, but there's more
00:42:31.680 information on my website and the quiz too. Fantastic. Well, Michelle Seeger, thanks for
00:42:35.400 your time. It's been a pleasure. Thank you so much. My guest there is Michelle Seeger. She's the
00:42:39.740 author of the book, The Joy Choice. It's available on amazon.com and bookstores everywhere. You can find
00:42:43.740 more information about her work at our website, michelleseeger.com. Also check out our show notes
00:42:47.740 at aom.is slash seeger. We find links to resources. We delve deeper into this topic.
00:42:59.220 Well, that wraps up another edition of the AOM podcast. Make sure to check out our website at
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