The Art of Manliness - October 14, 2024


The Problems With the Cult of Leadership


Episode Stats

Length

34 minutes

Words per Minute

156.02402

Word Count

5,430

Sentence Count

322

Hate Speech Sentences

1


Summary

Elias Aboujade is a Stanford professor of psychiatry and the author of A Leader s Destiny, Why Psychology, Personality, and Character Make All the Difference. He questions the assumptions underlying this phenomenon, which he calls the "Leadership Industrial Complex," and says that the cult of leadership and its idea that everyone can and should become a leader can create burnout and unhappiness.


Transcript

00:00:00.000 Brett McKay here, and welcome to another edition of the Art of Manliness podcast.
00:00:11.420 Are leaders born or made? Judging by the $50 billion leadership development industry,
00:00:16.900 the answer is definitely the latter. From schools to workplaces, everyone is seen as a potential
00:00:21.720 leader and expected to become one by undergoing leadership training. My guest questions the
00:00:26.540 assumptions underlying this phenomenon, which he calls the leadership industrial complex,
00:00:31.180 and says that the cult of leadership and its idea that everyone can and should become a leader
00:00:35.360 can create burnout and unhappiness. Elias Aboujade is a Stanford professor of psychiatry and the author
00:00:41.140 of A Leader's Destiny, Why Psychology, Personality, and Character Make All the Difference. Today on
00:00:46.680 the show, Elias describes the state of the leadership industrial complex, the mathematical
00:00:50.740 impossibility it forwards that everyone can be a leader and no one is a follower, and the primary
00:00:54.940 presumption it makes that leadership can be taught. Elias argues that, in fact, a lot of what makes
00:00:59.640 for good leadership is innate and potentially unchangeable. We discuss the implications of
00:01:03.640 this fact and why it's actually okay not to want to be a leader. After the show's over, check out
00:01:07.960 our show notes at awem.is slash leadership. All right. Elias Aboujade, welcome to the show.
00:01:26.520 Thank you very much. So you are a psychiatrist, and you've taken a deep dive into what could be called
00:01:33.000 the cult of leadership in America. And what kickstarted this exploration of leadership
00:01:39.240 development in the United States is you got a request to write a letter of recommendation for
00:01:44.520 a medical student. So how did that request for a letter of recommendation lead you to exploring
00:01:49.860 our country's obsession with leadership and developing leaders? Indeed. So one of the best
00:01:56.100 medical students I ever supervised, I'll call him Tim, approached me for a letter of recommendation
00:02:01.900 and support for his application to get into a skin cancer program. Tim had really shown exemplary
00:02:09.180 performance on the wards where I supervised him. So I wrote the most, probably the most, the strongest
00:02:15.480 letter of recommendation I had ever written. And in it, I praised his bedside manner, his clinical
00:02:22.160 productivity, his conscientiousness, his research contributions, really the kinds of things that
00:02:27.900 every program wants to see in an application and in a prospective applicant. To sort of make him feel
00:02:34.560 better and hopefully less stressed out about this process, I shared the letter with him and I watched
00:02:40.680 as he read it in my office. And I was surprised to see his facial expression sink into a deep depression
00:02:47.840 and deep sadness. So for a second, I thought I had mistakenly given Tim another student's evaluation,
00:02:55.880 the evaluation of a student who had been failing the rotation. But it turned out I hadn't. What was
00:03:02.000 missing apparently from my letter is any mention of leadership qualities and leadership potential.
00:03:08.920 And Tim was convinced that as strong and outstanding as the letter was, he wouldn't get into any competitive
00:03:16.480 program without a supervisor predicting a brilliant future for him as a leader. So that got me thinking
00:03:24.580 about how we've come to really prioritize leadership over any other quality in our medical field. But
00:03:33.460 also, as I started looking and exploring way beyond medicine, I started paying attention, for example,
00:03:40.160 and noticing daycare centers with names like Future Leaders of America or Leadership Academy,
00:03:47.240 you know, the kinds of things that suggest that we're planting this leadership seed and inculcating
00:03:53.060 people into this cult of leadership, leadership literally with breast milk. And they started
00:03:58.080 noticing also that college applicants now have an entire section where high school students are
00:04:04.900 expected to talk about their leadership experience. You know, who wants a shy violinist or an introvert
00:04:12.240 when you can get the president of five clubs kind of thing. So all this speaks to a real leadership
00:04:19.100 obsession in our society. And it speaks to very high demand for all things leadership. Now this demand
00:04:27.880 is being met, met and then some by what I'm calling in my book, a leadership industrial complex. There's a
00:04:35.600 $50 billion leadership industry that's now available to really convince us that leadership is something
00:04:44.420 that's within reach for practically anyone. All you have to do is take the right course or sign on the
00:04:51.180 right executive coach. So it's a very sort of unhealthy combination between this kind of demand and this
00:04:59.640 kind of supply. And as I see it, it may explain the failures of leadership that we see every direction
00:05:08.560 we look and on every front, whether political, corporate, academic, really everywhere and
00:05:15.880 anywhere. We've created a system where we have so much product out there that the only way for leaders
00:05:23.140 to stand out and actually make it to leadership positions is to be unscrupulous, to have traits that
00:05:33.720 are closer to sort of the narcissistic or even the antisocial end of the spectrum. And we don't want
00:05:39.620 that in our leaders. But this is the system that we have created. And this is what this unhealthy
00:05:45.980 balance between exuberant demand and exuberant supply has created. Yeah, that's one of the big
00:05:51.900 points you make in the book is that there's this paradox that we're seeing in the past, maybe 50,
00:05:56.860 60 years, this emphasis on developing leaders. We're going to develop leaders and very be systematic
00:06:01.880 about it, take courses. But it seems like there's a dearth of leadership, despite all the leadership
00:06:07.740 development we're doing. Absolutely. This is the biggest, one of the biggest paradoxes of the
00:06:12.860 leadership industry, that there has never been more opportunities to develop and train leaders. And yet
00:06:20.100 leaders have never performed worse than they are today. So, you know, one way to look at this is to
00:06:27.160 think, well, we need more training, we need the industry to be even bigger. But another way,
00:06:31.880 to look at it and the position that I take in my book is that the leadership industry and this
00:06:38.120 approach to leadership is actually contributing to leadership failure.
00:06:44.180 And another point you make, too, is that this emphasis, overemphasis on leadership in college
00:06:49.700 students, in your career, it could be leading to burnout and just feeling inadequate. You know,
00:06:55.880 Tim, like he was disappointed that you didn't talk about his leadership skills.
00:06:59.540 But like, did Tim want to be a leader, like personally?
00:07:03.180 That's the thing. Tim had no interest in being a leader. All he wanted to be is the best skin
00:07:08.560 cancer doctor he could become. And that's what he eventually became. But Tim was also convinced that
00:07:14.120 without coming across as having leadership qualities, he had no chance of actually making it.
00:07:21.920 When I touched base subsequently with Tim a few years down the road,
00:07:25.920 I found out that some leadership opportunities had actually come his way, but he was all too happy
00:07:31.100 to ignore them and turn them down. And yet in his application process, he felt forced to, if you
00:07:38.100 will, pretend to be interested in leading. Otherwise, he wouldn't have made it into the program that he
00:07:44.960 was eventually accepted into. Yeah, I've encountered that, too, with letters of recommendation. So I mentor
00:07:51.280 teenage boys at church, and they'll ask me sometimes to fill out letters of recommendations. And there's
00:07:56.720 always a thing on there about leadership, like what leadership skills does this person display?
00:08:02.260 And some of these boys, you know, they're smart, they're bright, but they're not really leaders,
00:08:06.800 and they're not really interested in leadership. But I feel like I got to come up with something,
00:08:11.140 because if I don't, it's not going to look good for them.
00:08:13.560 It's not going to look good. It's going to count against them. And, you know, it speaks to a bigger
00:08:18.440 problem in academia and in college and university life, you know, less than one in 10 students now
00:08:27.200 major with a degree in the humanities, you know, we're shutting down English and history departments
00:08:33.000 left and right. And yet there's this curious rise of the leadership major and the leadership minor
00:08:38.560 and leadership studies everywhere you look. So it's a curious development and feeds into this
00:08:45.220 cultural obsession and academic obsession with leadership that I was talking about.
00:08:51.260 I want to talk about these courses. But before we do, when you've looked at
00:08:55.260 the leadership industrial complex as a whole, what do they mean by leadership exactly? Because leadership
00:09:02.600 can mean lots of different things, like there's lots of different definitions. So how is it
00:09:08.240 described in the leadership industrial complex culture?
00:09:12.680 You know, what goes along with this leadership industrial complex, of course, is intense marketing.
00:09:20.100 And to understand what leadership means to these programs, it's interesting to look at the messaging
00:09:27.500 and the marketing. So you'll find words, you know, really buzzwords like transformative, catalyst,
00:09:33.700 a change driver, unleasher. You know, you'll be empowering people across many verticals and across
00:09:42.020 many tipping points. You'll almost certainly disrupt. If I had the nickel for every time I came across the
00:09:47.880 word disrupt in my leadership research, I'd be a very rich man. So these buzzwords add to add up to the
00:09:55.920 leadership industrial complex's definition of what a leader means today. And through these courses and
00:10:02.400 through this coaching and through all this quote unquote development, they sell the message that
00:10:09.340 all these qualities and traits are perfectly teachable.
00:10:13.980 So, I mean, what skills or traits do they purport to teach would-be leaders?
00:10:18.880 You know, I don't have a problem really with purporting to teach a skill. Where it becomes
00:10:26.320 very problematic for me as a psychiatrist is where they start pretending or communicating that they
00:10:33.600 can teach things like EQ, you know, emotional intelligence, or even charisma, you know, qualities
00:10:39.840 and traits that are linked to personality. And if we know anything as mental health providers,
00:10:45.260 as psychiatrists, as psychologists, is the difficulty changing people's personalities. You know,
00:10:51.500 people's personality tends to be stubborn, not super malleable. If you want to make long-lasting
00:10:58.820 personality changes, it's a long-term commitment that involves potentially years of psychotherapy.
00:11:05.740 It's not the kind of thing that you can pick up over a boot camp or a weekend workshop. And yet,
00:11:12.440 this is the message that a lot of these trainings are selling. And this is the really misleading,
00:11:19.720 no pun intended, notion that accompanies so much of the leadership industry's offerings.
00:11:27.840 Okay. So, leadership in the leadership industrial complex, a lot of buzzwords,
00:11:32.540 you're a changemaker, catalyst, disruptor. So, it's kind of an amorphous thing. It can kind of mean
00:11:38.360 whatever you want. And because it can mean anything you want, like you can create your content that
00:11:42.820 you're teaching however you want. Let's dig into the actual content, these courses. I thought this
00:11:48.020 is really interesting. You talk about what colleges and other businesses are doing to make money on
00:11:53.720 leadership courses. You mentioned, I think you said, a $50 billion industry overall?
00:11:58.160 Yeah, it's a $50 billion industry. And it's an industry that's been fully embraced by our top
00:12:04.460 business schools, you know, entities and institutions that know a thing or two about making money. And this
00:12:11.080 has helped really transform this leadership development field into a full-blown industrial
00:12:18.100 complex. And, you know, when you check out something like Harvard's program for leadership
00:12:23.800 development, for example, you'll be surprised to see that there's an 800 number available for
00:12:30.740 applicants to call. There's an entire program advising team that's waiting to take your call.
00:12:37.060 You'll also be, you might be surprised to see that really there's no formal educational requirements
00:12:43.200 to join. There's this amorphous sort of leadership potential. That's pretty much the only requirement.
00:12:50.460 The program is advertised to people at whatever role or career stage. Again, not really just meant for
00:12:59.120 senior executives or folks already in the C-suite, but marketed as something that's much more
00:13:05.860 open and accessible than that. So the acceptance rate into it seems much higher than the 4.5% or so
00:13:16.080 that undergraduates applying for Harvard usually face. What's unquestionably exclusive though about
00:13:23.220 the program is the price tag, $52,000 for the basic four modules of blended teaching. But if you want a
00:13:31.960 lifelong Harvard email address and if you want alumni status, then you can get that for an additional
00:13:37.260 module and an additional $27,000. So, you know, strategies that to me feel very sort of marketing and
00:13:47.680 business oriented in a way that to me fits uncomfortably within the educational model. You know, another
00:13:56.540 example that I talk about in the book is Wharton. You know, Wharton is the premier, the oldest business
00:14:03.900 school in the country. And I was checking out a program they have, a nine month, mostly self-paced or
00:14:11.360 largely self-paced program called Global C-suite. And I read about it and then I, you know, wanted to close
00:14:18.420 the window. And I had this very interesting pop-up show up offering me $1,000 off the $20,000 tuition if
00:14:28.660 I hurry up and apply in the next nine days. Again, marketing gimmicks and marketing strategies that
00:14:35.640 have no place in education as I see it, yet this is what so much of the leadership industry and the
00:14:42.760 leadership educational opportunities, this is the direction they take.
00:14:46.440 Okay. So for $60,000, I could become a Harvard alum. I could put that on my CV. Yeah, that's crazy.
00:14:52.060 And then it's not just colleges that are doing this. You know, there's also many businesses that offer
00:14:56.700 leadership development courses as well.
00:14:59.380 Oh, absolutely. If Harvard and Wharton are offering these kinds of opportunities, then you can imagine the
00:15:06.000 Wild West out there and the programs with names like Leadership Express Series or a workshop for $18.99.
00:15:16.440 that, you know, promises to teach you how to become a charismatic leader. I mean, any number of such
00:15:23.320 offerings that I review in my book.
00:15:26.860 What's the content of these courses? Like what are exact, when you sit down to go through these modules,
00:15:31.420 what are you learning?
00:15:32.360 Well, a lot of the content is not research-based, certainly. There's very little by way of long-term
00:15:42.820 research results in terms of success that these programs can point to. There's also a ton of
00:15:52.340 mnemonics that I came across as I was researching. And this heavy reliance on mnemonics suggests that
00:16:00.260 leadership is easy, literally as easy as ABC. You know, one popular mnemonic is the so-called
00:16:06.360 three R's, three R's. But depending on which program or which professor of leadership or which coach
00:16:15.580 you consult, the three R's stand for different things. It could be reflections, resiliency, and relationships,
00:16:22.280 but it could also be respect, recognize, and reward, and so on and so forth. So all this suggests a very
00:16:28.720 sort of unscientific, make-it-up-as-you-go process that unfortunately takes up a lot of these offerings.
00:16:38.200 Is there any research that's been done on these leadership development programs that they actually
00:16:43.980 work, like that people who go through them come out as better leaders? And how would you even measure
00:16:48.800 that if you did research on that? Well, it's not easy to measure, which highlights the need for
00:16:55.000 good quality, large-scale, long-term research. And when you look for good quality, large-scale,
00:17:03.820 long-term research that has assessed their success, there's very, very little indeed that you can point
00:17:11.600 to. Okay. And which is, that's interesting because like, you know, businesses are probably paying for
00:17:17.900 their employees to go to these things. They don't even know if it works or not. Oh, to the tune of $50
00:17:23.720 billion. Yeah. And then what's interesting too, you talk about how this is also creeping into
00:17:28.880 middle schools and in high schools. I mean, I grew up in the nineties, late nineties, I was in high
00:17:34.760 school then. And I saw that stuff. I was involved in student council and we did this leadership
00:17:38.560 development stuff. And typically what it was like, the school district was paying some organization to
00:17:44.600 do the teaching. Yes. The leadership bug has fully infected our high school and college systems.
00:17:54.800 And this is manifested in the place that leadership now takes up in college applications,
00:18:01.640 but also it's manifested in how so many schools seem to be changing their mission statements
00:18:07.860 to emphasize leadership. Everybody wants to teach the future leaders of America. Nobody seems interested
00:18:15.640 in teaching, you know, and informing the educated citizenry of the country. And the downside of course,
00:18:22.700 of all this is the inferiority complex that it gives those who are not interested in leading,
00:18:30.080 those who have the self-awareness to acknowledge that. So they're not interested in pursuing leadership
00:18:35.620 who don't succeed at leading. There are real psychological consequences to that and a real
00:18:42.080 inferiority complex that doesn't get talked about as we send the message that all can be leaders.
00:18:49.180 And as we ignore the reality that the world also needs followers and mathematically speaking,
00:18:55.660 not everyone can be a leader.
00:18:58.920 We're going to take a quick break for a word from our sponsors.
00:19:03.980 And now back to the show. So the idea that everyone can and should be a leader and that
00:19:09.680 everyone can develop into a leader with the right training is everywhere these days. And I think the
00:19:15.200 big thing we need to talk about, and you mentioned this before, is that the whole idea and what the
00:19:21.420 leadership development industry relies on is the assumption that leadership can be taught. And there
00:19:27.940 are certain skills that can be taught and people can improve on a little bit, you know, body language,
00:19:33.020 getting a little bit better with public speaking, getting better at strategy. But you talk about if you
00:19:38.440 actually look at the scientific research that's been done on leadership,
00:19:41.600 it suggests that a lot of leadership ability just comes down to inborn temperament. So what does the
00:19:49.120 research say there about leadership ability and temperament?
00:19:53.280 Yeah. So I talked earlier about how there's very little long-term, long-term high-quality research
00:20:01.060 in terms of the success of leadership training. But there's quite a bit long-term high-quality
00:20:08.900 research when it comes to people's personalities and how people's personalities evolve over time.
00:20:16.020 And what this long-term high-quality research tells us is that personality is pretty sticky. I'll just
00:20:23.920 quickly mention a couple of studies, one involving a cohort of Harvard graduates who were assessed at age 22
00:20:33.220 and again at age 67. And you can imagine, you know, all the ups and downs and all the upheaval that can
00:20:41.540 happen in a person's life over the course of four decades or so. And yet when this cohort was reassessed,
00:20:50.180 the fundamental traits in their personalities were essentially unchanged. The fingerprint,
00:20:58.100 their personality fingerprint was essentially the same. Another study looked at an even younger cohort,
00:21:06.340 students aged 6 to 12, and assessed them on 39 personality traits and re-interviewed them again 40 years
00:21:17.440 down the road. And what the researchers found was their personalities were essentially largely stable.
00:21:25.600 So this is what high-quality, long-term research from mental health and from psychology teaches us.
00:21:33.520 And yet, when you look at a lot of leadership offerings, there is this idea that we can teach you EQ
00:21:42.560 and we can do it pretty easily. Now, nobody would dispute the importance of EQ and how leaders emerge
00:21:51.200 and how leaders succeed. Up to 90% of leaders' success has been attributed to EQ when other skills and when IQ
00:22:03.520 is otherwise the same. So the importance of EQ is pretty fundamental and pretty established. But the notion
00:22:11.520 that you can teach EQ and transform EQ is highly problematic because EQ is pretty tightly linked
00:22:20.720 to personality. And what the studies I mentioned about personality show is that it's largely fixed over time.
00:22:30.240 Okay. So yeah, when we typically think of like a leader, we have this idea that he's charismatic,
00:22:35.680 they take risks, they're bold, they know how to manage people, they're detail-oriented.
00:22:41.280 And that kind of lines up with those big five personality traits, conscientiousness,
00:22:46.240 extroversion, low on neuroticism. And let's say you're a person, you're like, okay, I'm kind of
00:22:53.120 neurotic. I'm not very conscientious. I'm not a big risk taker. Can a course, a weekend course actually
00:23:01.680 move the needle on that? And the answer looks like it's probably, probably not.
00:23:05.800 The answer is probably not because personality again is largely fixed. And when psychoanalysis
00:23:12.600 tried to affect meaningful long-term personality changes, it was a years-long endeavor, not for the
00:23:22.920 commitment phobic. So to the extent that EQ is linked to personality, and we know it is,
00:23:29.880 it is not something that you can easily impart or teach.
00:23:35.000 Yeah. And this idea of can leadership be taught, this reminds me, this goes back, this is like a
00:23:39.800 couple thousand-year-old question. Plato was asking the same question. He was asking,
00:23:44.040 can virtue be taught?
00:23:45.160 Very interesting. Yes.
00:23:46.680 Yeah. And he actually tried to figure it out. He actually had this theory that yes,
00:23:50.040 virtue can be taught. If you teach people about the good, and they know the good,
00:23:54.360 they'll start conforming themselves to the good, and they'll be good leaders. That was the idea.
00:23:58.840 And then he had the chance to test it out. You got to go to Syracuse and be a teacher to this
00:24:05.480 king guy who was having lots of problems. And he was teaching him philosophy and teaching about
00:24:10.600 the forms and everything. And it ended in complete disaster. The guy did not change at all. And Plato
00:24:17.560 was like, okay, maybe this idea that I had that if you teach these philosopher kings to be
00:24:23.320 good leaders, it'll teach them the forms, they'll become good leaders, it'll work. And he actually had
00:24:27.640 to take a step back and say, ah, that's actually not going to work. We have to try something else.
00:24:33.160 Well, this is a vignette that clearly belongs in the book, Brad. Thank you for sharing that.
00:24:38.200 You know, what the Greeks were also interested in is charisma. In fact, the word charisma comes from
00:24:44.200 a Greek root that means a freely given gift, like something that God endows you with, or the gods endow
00:24:52.200 you with. And again, it's interesting how many people to this day, when they try to define
00:24:58.760 charisma, will resort to religious sort of metaphors and religious terms. And yet this hasn't
00:25:08.440 stopped us from pretending we can easily teach it in a way that makes us look like we're playing God.
00:25:15.880 Okay. So a lot of these leadership attributes that we, we think of when it comes to a good leader,
00:25:21.560 charisma, high EQ, a lot of it's based in personality. And a lot of that you, you can't
00:25:27.720 change. If you do change it, it's going to take a long time to do, and you're probably not going to
00:25:32.680 change it too much. Yes, indeed. So when companies or organizations are thinking about leadership,
00:25:38.200 should it be less about leadership development and, you know, this idea that you can develop anyone and
00:25:44.440 everyone into a leader and more about leadership finding? Like, is it better to focus on filtering
00:25:49.720 for and selecting good leaders? Should that be the strategy? You know, the subtitle of my book is
00:25:55.640 why psychology, personality and character make all the difference. And I think one shift that needs to
00:26:01.640 happen for the health of our leadership culture is for us to start paying more attention to these things
00:26:10.520 and ease up on the development, ease up on the steps and hacks and tips that that supposedly guarantee
00:26:20.520 good leadership. Basically go back to the basics and put psychology front and center where it belongs
00:26:29.240 in leadership culture. And remember that there's only so much planning and prepping and strategizing
00:26:36.760 that one can do. And some of the most meaningful and significant
00:26:42.440 leaderships that the world has seen, leadership found the leader, not the other way around.
00:26:49.480 So there's a humbling message in this for leadership culture, and it should be humbling
00:26:55.400 for the leadership industry as well. Yeah, I think that's something I've taken away as I've studied.
00:27:00.760 I've read a lot of biographies of great leaders. And one thing I've discovered is what made them great
00:27:06.280 leaders is like, yeah, they rose up to the occasion, like the leadership found them.
00:27:10.600 And they leaned into their unique personality. They weren't trying to conform themselves to this
00:27:15.880 ideal leader, right? That's charismatic and bold and visionary. And even guys who weren't that,
00:27:24.360 like they were still good leaders. Like, I mean, here's an example, Patton and Eisenhower.
00:27:29.160 They had kind of different personalities. Patton's very bombastic, led from the front,
00:27:33.880 was very flamboyant. And that worked for him. He leaned into that. And Eisenhower was more of a,
00:27:39.320 like a people person. Like he did a lot of the, I'm going to be in the background, you know,
00:27:43.880 working on alliances. When you look at football coaches, I love watching how different football,
00:27:48.200 American football coaches coach. You have some coaches who are very, you know, just high energy,
00:27:52.760 just on the sidelines, rah, rah, rah. And then you have those coaches who just, you know,
00:27:57.640 arms folded, never say a word and they're winning football coaches.
00:28:02.440 Yes. Yes. I think you're talking about people basically aligning with their psychology and
00:28:07.720 leaning with their psychology and not pretending to be someone, someone they're not. Winston Churchill
00:28:14.200 is another great example of a transformative, truly transformative and truly disruptive maybe
00:28:19.720 figure who was found by leadership and rose to the occasion as opposed to self-consciously
00:28:29.560 and deliberately in a step-by-step fashion strategized to reach the heights that he reached.
00:28:36.360 Yeah. Another one, Abraham Lincoln, like he was not your stereotypical leader. Like he,
00:28:39.960 he was, you know, he had depression. Like he was severely depressed that he would just lay on the couch and,
00:28:44.280 you know, read the book of Job and just be like, I'm the saddest guy in the whole world.
00:28:48.760 But Lincoln was still one of the most eminent and effective leaders in history.
00:28:52.440 Absolutely. Absolutely. So all this is to say that we lose by limiting the profile of who we
00:29:02.840 support in rising to leadership positions, the way we are doing right now.
00:29:08.760 Well, then I want to go back to this point you made that this everyone is a leader culture that we have
00:29:13.000 can contribute to maybe burnout, depression, inferiority complex amongst particularly young
00:29:18.920 workers, young students. Flesh that out a bit more. How have you seen that manifest itself?
00:29:23.400 When we live in a culture that only values leaders and when we are subjected to endless
00:29:32.920 marketing that all that counts is leadership and that leadership is yours to have for just a little
00:29:42.200 bit of training and a little bit of development, then those of us who don't become leaders,
00:29:49.480 either because they're not interested or they're not successful, can be left with an inferiority complex
00:29:56.600 and be left thinking, well, what is wrong with me when, you know, it should be so, so easy? Like,
00:30:02.920 where did I go wrong? And that's an unhealthy state, psychologically speaking, and it's totally
00:30:10.200 unnecessary because the marketing itself that's driving it and the leadership obsession that's driving it
00:30:18.280 are what's faulty with society, not the individual who doesn't become a leader or isn't interested in
00:30:24.680 pursuing leadership. Yeah. And it also sets people up if they do pursue leadership because they feel
00:30:29.800 like they have to, to feel like I actually hate this. Like I am not suited for this. I am miserable,
00:30:36.520 but I got to do this because I have to advance my career. Right. Like I got the position that supposedly
00:30:42.600 is what matters in life, but I'm absolutely miserable leading.
00:30:47.960 So I think the takeaways from what we've talked about are leadership development, probably not a
00:30:53.160 thing. I mean, there are certain skills you can develop a little, but as far as those ineffable
00:30:57.640 qualities that we think of when it comes to leadership, that comes down to personality. And
00:31:03.080 that's either, it's kind of either you're born with it or you're not. So maybe organizations of all
00:31:07.720 kinds should focus more on leader finding, filtering and selecting instead of a leader development.
00:31:15.080 At the same time though, I think we can expand on our idea of what makes a good leader. It doesn't
00:31:20.200 have to be the stereotype. So maybe you don't have those qualities of a stereotypical leader,
00:31:25.640 but you can still be a good leader in your own way. But let's say whether or not you do have
00:31:31.000 potential for leadership, you're just not interested in it. Like it's not something you want to do.
00:31:35.320 What advice would you give someone who, you know, they've got the self-awareness to know that they're
00:31:40.360 not a good fit for leadership positions, but they still feel this pressure to get on that track to
00:31:46.520 advance their career?
00:31:48.280 Yeah. What I would tell them is to do what aligns with their psychology. Don't tie your self-worth to
00:31:54.600 leadership positions. It's okay to be a leader, but it's also okay not to be one. And certainly don't
00:32:00.840 look down on followers, including yourself, if you happen to be one.
00:32:05.480 Okay. And that can be tough because like you're just told from a young age, you got to be a leader.
00:32:10.280 It is tough. And that's why the change has to happen on many fronts. It has to happen at the
00:32:17.720 level of parenting. It has to happen at the level of schools and universities, and it has to happen at
00:32:24.280 the corporate level. I mean, this is not an easy change to make, but it's a necessary change to make
00:32:32.360 to the extent that we need good leaders. And our approach to leadership today is almost guaranteed
00:32:40.840 to leave us with unimpressive leaders.
00:32:45.160 Yeah. Well, I feel like it just comes down to being okay with being a follower and that maybe
00:32:51.560 will require reframing what it means to be a follower some, right? Because it has,
00:32:55.800 the word has a lot of negative connotations and baggage, you know, like being a follower doesn't
00:33:00.840 mean there's something wrong with you or you're deficient. You just have a different disposition or
00:33:05.480 maybe just like different kinds of work. And actually this reminds me something we talked about on the
00:33:09.160 site. This goes back to Patton and Eisenhower is that some people are strategists and some people are
00:33:14.680 operators, right? So like some people like to be the manager where they're setting the agenda
00:33:18.520 and other people, they just like to be on the ground in the field doing the work. It's like
00:33:22.840 some people like to plan the action and some people just want to take the action. So it's okay not to
00:33:29.480 want to be a leader and just want to be an operator. That's okay. Maybe you won't get as much
00:33:34.120 clout and money, but you'll be happier. Absolutely. Leadership is not the only path to happiness and self-worth.
00:33:42.040 I love it. Well, Elias, this has been a great conversation. Where can people go to learn more
00:33:45.080 about the book and your work? Thank you very much. They can go to my personal website,
00:33:48.760 EliasAbujaude.com or find the book on Amazon or any of their favorite venues.
00:33:54.520 Fantastic. Well, Elias Abujaude, thanks for your time. It's been a pleasure.
00:33:57.320 Thank you very much.
00:33:58.360 My guest today was Dr. Elias Abujaude. He's the author of the book, A Leader's Destiny. It's
00:34:03.480 available on amazon.com. You can learn more information about his work at his website, EliasAbujaude.com.
00:34:08.600 Also check out our show notes at AOM.is slash leadership where you find links to resources.
00:34:12.440 We delve deeper into this topic.
00:34:21.160 Well, that wraps up another edition of the AOM podcast. Make sure to check out our website at
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00:34:43.260 Until next time, it's Brett McKay. Remind your time to listen to AOM podcast, but put what you've heard
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