Does Liberalism Dissolve Societies? | Guest: Carl Benjamin | 6⧸9⧸23
Episode Stats
Length
1 hour and 26 minutes
Words per Minute
177.21825
Summary
In this episode, I'm joined by Carl Benjamin, founder of The Lotus Eaters, to talk about the challenges that classical liberalism faces, and what it has to make if it wants to survive in the 21st century.
Transcript
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I've got a great stream with a great guest that I think you're really going to enjoy.
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So I saw Carl Benjamin post a really interesting post over on Twitter about liberalism, classical liberalism,
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some of the challenges that it faces and some of the adjustments it has to make if it wants to survive.
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Carl's, of course, the head of the Lotus Eaters.
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If for some reason you are not checking out all of that content, you most assuredly should.
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So I saw this post and I definitely wanted to have this conversation because it kind of opens up all kinds of different stuff that I've been talking about,
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but things that I've noticed that you have been exploring and I think really tie into a lot of the kind of zeitgeist around a lot of political movements that we saw online throughout the years.
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Now kind of arriving at a conclusion that scares some worries others, many are not sure how to address this.
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Your post talked about kind of the problems that classical liberalism faces, that it made some assumptions that a lot of people have forgotten about.
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And now those things leave it vulnerable to some real problems.
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What are some of those issues that you're talking about with classical liberalism?
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Well, I think the one that is at the very bottom, that it is difficult for an atheist such as myself to admit,
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is that it was always presupposed by the classical liberals, say Locke and the cohort around that sort of time, late 17th century, early 18th century,
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Christians, that was always presupposed, and therefore you get a Christian social morality as a substratum to the very notion of classical liberalism.
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And this made classical liberalism work in its own day, and for many, many years afterwards, obviously,
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because it really is a form of kind of game theory against the state.
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It's a legalistic doctrine that only has a very narrow focus on what areas of life that it should actually have any control over,
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It makes sense to have a doctrine of rights, natural rights, when dealing with the government,
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because it's not just that you as an individual benefit from that.
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Everyone will benefit from a general softening of the hard edge of state power,
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because if the people in charge also believe in a doctrine of natural rights that is underpinned by God,
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then you have a much more stable society that is less prone to political purges, to the confiscation of property.
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And honestly, I think there have been many people who have said this over the years,
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but the idea that classical liberalism is kind of an extraction of the Christian English tradition,
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political tradition, and just a codification of it, and that's why it works,
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I am genuinely at the point where I think that that's probably true.
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And without the underpinning of what we can just broadly term conservatism,
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the liberal tradition becomes what has been known in academic circles as comprehensive liberalism.
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And that's liberalism applied to every aspect of life,
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where the only moral factor is whether a person consents to the social contract or not.
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And you can imagine what applying a doctrine of consent does to all of those things in our lives
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that we didn't actually consent to, but still consider to be a public good,
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such as being born, such as having a family, such as having a country.
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All of these things are things that we inherited or gifted without anyone asking us
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whether these were right or wrong and whether we wanted them.
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And we are habituated and raised into them, and they are good things,
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And so if you apply a comprehensive view of liberalism to all things in life,
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you get a universal acid that eats away at every social institution imaginable.
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And I think that's happened, and I think that's where we are now.
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And there's a lot of different parts of that that we probably want to unpack.
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But let's just go ahead and start at the beginning.
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Like you said, a lot of this seems really rational to a bunch of people
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because there's this substrate of Christianity,
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kind of a Protestant Christian substrate that everything kind of arises out of.
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We can liberalize some of these interactions in the public square
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people will still be bound by these other social spheres in really important ways.
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And in fact, the American founders were really clear about this.
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the Constitution is only good for governing immoral and religious people.
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This is not something that we've just reverse engineered and discovered.
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This is something that many of the people enacting what was happening there
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understood kind of as a foundational necessity for liberalism going forward.
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that allowed this to kind of break free of that base understanding,
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this understanding that this has to be part of this?
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Why do people feel that they were able to expand the sphere of liberalism
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in a way that would eventually kind of erode that basis of Christian consensus?
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But incidentally, I was reading this just before the stream,
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which if you can't see, is just an overview by a chap called Jonathan Darcy
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And he had many contentions with Locke because Locke was what we could call
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an empiricist realist and Berkeley was an idealist.
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But Berkeley has a good point on one particular thing, in my opinion,
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which is the role of God in both conceptions of the world.
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And John Locke, just to be clear, was a deeply religious man.
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It's just, and I think this is a habit that many liberals have,
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Whereas you can get a slightly more cynical person like Berkeley.
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And he says expressly that if you create a worldview in which the universe is mechanical,
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so it's kind of like a clock and it's wound up by God and then just left to mechanically
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operate on its own merits from that point onwards,
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then you don't actually need God to be a part of your worldview.
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And I think that is the general, the genuine sort of beginning of bifurcation into atheism.
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Because if the universe is mechanical, all you need then is a doctrine that can replace
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And again, I just want to make it, I'm saying this as an atheist who has studied these things
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I don't have an emotional need to drive to this point.
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Because a lot of people say, well, Christians would say that,
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But I'm neither a Muslim nor a Christian, and I've never been,
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and I don't have any animus against either of the religions really at base.
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I'm just someone who has done the reading and has looked into it
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with what I hope is a fairly impartial perspective,
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and come to the conclusion, well, actually Berkeley is right on that.
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Because, of course, we develop the doctrine of the Big Bang,
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and I'm not challenging any of the science or anything like that.
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But what you can see philosophically is what happens is that easily replaces God,
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or actually it kind of kicks the ball further down the field, or it kicks the can.
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Because, of course, you know, well, what's the origin of that?
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But for the modern rational person, the rationalist person,
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what that does is fully brings about Berkeley's prediction that, in fact,
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we will have a mechanical universe that does not require God,
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and therefore atheism will become predominant, and religion will die.
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Yeah, I find that really interesting because, of course,
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Carl Schmitt came to a similar conclusion when he talked about political theology.
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He said that kind of the deism that was popular during kind of these liberal periods
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was an attempt to remove God in many ways, you know, the removal of the miracle.
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And so he tied the transition from monarchy to liberal democracy
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to the same transition between the need for the miracle and the need for the mechanical universe,
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that the removal of the executive and their ability to will things into existence
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was also removal of kind of the power of God and his need for the divine intervention and the miraculous.
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The state of exception gets removed, and instead you're governed by mechanisms and constitutions
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And that kind of slowly but surely kind of shifts people into a mindset of,
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sure, maybe God's out there somewhere creating something,
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but he's not really necessary for our day-to-day function.
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We've rationally instituted a mechanism that will govern us objectively without the need
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for kind of the divine wisdom, you know, imparted into a king or someone else.
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And therefore, we are now able to kind of avoid this necessary miracle,
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And even that on its own, I don't think is the worst thing that could have happened.
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And the presuppositions that were put in place by deeply religious and Christian people
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have carried on for generations through which people became atheists.
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Like, literally, for the last, like, three or four generations, you can see religiosity on the decline.
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And yet things still carried on, because at least the presuppositions of what it is to be a good and noble and decent person
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and to have an orderly country to follow the laws, all of these assumptions were all at least baked into the culture.
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But with the proliferation of this comprehensive liberalism that has gone through the educational system,
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through academia, from academia, and now into the educational system as we see it,
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we are now seeing generations of people who are simply not tethered to those religious presuppositions,
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even though we haven't been religious for some time, right?
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And so that's where it becomes a real problem, because at least before,
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you had a kind of unspoken anchoring in a reality of the universe.
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But now we've come to the point, well, actually, the universe, if it doesn't conform to our moral choices,
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the choice of our free wills, then the universe itself is the thing that is wrong,
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not the will that is fighting against creation.
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Therefore, you get all of these sorts of movements that are striving against the natural order.
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And it might actually be a lot easier if you come to peace with that which you are
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and change your mind rather than change your body.
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But I think it's all a bit late for that now, isn't it?
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Do you think that healthy restrictions on the human can be removed from an investment in metaphysics?
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Do you think that people are able to self-regulate from individuation and liberation
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if they are not invested in an idea that the hierarchies around them naturally established
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are somehow based on something transcendent and metaphysical?
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I think, yes, that is possible because you could have a very practical and down-to-earth view of the world.
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Honestly, a rather English view of the world that isn't really very metaphysical
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but is based in real-world practicality that is just a bit unthinking but realistic
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and would say, look, you're obviously a boy, you're obviously a girl, you need to do this, you need to do that.
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And you don't necessarily have to have a dogmatic transcendent view.
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However, there are other things that come along with that
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because then you do have, again, another valid argument
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against what essentially just collapses into utilitarianism
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which is, well, why wouldn't you just live at the level of an animal then?
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And of course you had the Epicureans through to Mill saying,
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well, surely the argument will go that the finer things in life are above animals to the intellectual pleasures
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and so people will naturally strive towards them
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to which we can look around at modern culture and say that's clearly not happened.
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People aren't striving for anything and we're in a clear decline at this point.
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but no, I do find myself having difficulty refuting the point
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that actually having a higher ideal to strive for
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might actually be genuinely healthy for mankind.
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like absolutely necessary for kind of one to order themselves
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and orient themselves kind of towards something like that
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but let's get back to comprehensive liberalism before we go too deep
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let's define our terms before we kind of go a little too deep here
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you noted the difference here between classical and comprehensive liberalism
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and can we really keep one from transitioning into the other?
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says well liberalism is purely a political doctrine
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well, why do we stop at any one particular point?
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you may have an inherited narrow band of things
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but why should liberalism therefore permit, say, a nunnery to exist
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but then has illiberal practices imposed upon them
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in order to take part in a particular community
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in order to gain the other benefits of being in that community
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well, it's just because it's outside of the purview of the state
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that person's made an informed choice to join the convent
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whatever illiberal practice they can see going on
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and say, well look, I don't really agree with that
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in fact I don't think that should be permitted to happen
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that being the choice that that person would make
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so the question of informed consent actually becomes
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well, actually illiberal institutions formed the desire
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for that person to go into that social institution
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and so the comprehensive liberal starts challenging
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absolutely everything that they do in their life
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and of course there isn't any social institution in the world
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that can withstand non-stop constant critiquing
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because at some point you're going to be asked to do
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without a, what again I'm just going to broadly call
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because when you have a strong conservative religious base
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you have a suite of moral values that are important
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and all of those can be used to liquidate any institution
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in fact that's kind of what Rawls relies on entirely
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from any ability to have a shared moral language
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not only does the comprehensive liberal position
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way and there's no really it's kind of unfair to
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like yeah but uh the solution seemed necessary i
01:08:50.700
the the grinding human toll that will come from
01:08:53.060
liberalism and capitalism things that i think a
01:08:55.920
lot of people would would uh would be scared to
01:09:01.020
remember again that those you know those things
01:09:30.360
opinion as the conservatives are too weak sadly
01:09:33.820
uh yeah i think you do need a new right i think
01:10:11.200
going to step in to say like the current fbi in
01:10:22.960
where you can uh build build institutions where
01:10:32.140
are going to need to build the institutions well
01:10:34.460
and i think this is again where it's a failure of
01:10:37.460
understanding i think uh regionalism versus you
01:10:40.540
know centralization uh you might be able to enter
01:10:43.660
into institutions locally or regionally that you
01:10:47.780
otherwise could not at a national level so again i live
01:10:50.980
in florida i live under the beneficence of king
01:10:53.100
desantis um and in florida because we did not have a
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basically able to walk in and just conquer institution
01:11:04.600
after institution inside the florida uh ecosystem
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because of that so just because you know you can't
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doesn't mean that you can't gain control of the
01:11:20.200
and reform that institution and make a very significant difference for the
01:11:25.800
all right we got creeper weirdo here for a ten dollars thank you very much
01:11:30.340
sir uh people want big important things god family nation and
01:11:33.960
uh and uh sorry and small fun distractions movie books uh video games etc
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the two contradicts sometimes but that's what people want so yeah i think
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it's can i can i take it i think this is interesting like this this hits on
01:11:48.100
something i've been thinking about recently because these things are not
01:11:50.780
separate you know um the question is the the the question
01:11:55.700
is of order and liberty right they want the order of god family and nation and
01:11:59.980
the liberty that that provides to enjoy movies books and video games etc
01:12:04.340
uh in the comfort and safety of having the established order
01:12:11.560
just because i enjoy reading scrutin because he's nice to read
01:12:14.640
and uh he makes a good point that the the the main sort of dichotomy intention
01:12:19.880
in modern politics is kind of down to to an assumption that look from the
01:12:25.060
liberal perspective order comes from liberty but from the
01:12:28.060
conservative perspective liberty comes from order
01:12:30.220
and it's demonstrable that the liberal assumption is wrong
01:12:34.140
right it's demonstrable like they they assume that in the state of nature they
01:12:38.240
have perfect liberty and therefore they come together to form an order
01:12:40.940
well that's not true that's never how things have been and actually uh what
01:12:45.380
they would if we look back historically you what the liberal would judge to be
01:12:48.720
a hideously oppressive hierarchical society existed before the liberty that the
01:12:55.440
liberal eventually uh molds it into right into into the modern world where we
01:13:01.020
have too much liberty and so the conservative position that liberty comes
01:13:06.060
from order is undoubtedly true and order does not come from liberty
01:13:14.200
and so the the conservatives have got quite a strong um
01:13:17.600
thing to stand on their foundation stand on there
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uh by saying look you do have to have the big things
01:13:24.140
before you can have the fun distractions uh but the fun distractions come after you
01:13:29.460
establish the big things and the big things themselves
01:13:31.220
are made up of small things like the family the nation uh they they are scaling
01:13:36.960
things and once you have them correct once you can be
01:13:41.040
a decent family man and be uh appropriately patriotic to your country you have the
01:13:46.860
fun distractions then you can go and grill that's literally the end goal right so
01:13:50.740
these aren't necessarily intention and it's just about the way that we look at how
01:13:56.760
it's hard to describe to people because like you understand it theoretically but until you've
01:14:02.560
done it it's hard to describe to people the joy of passing a hobby that you love
01:14:07.680
onto a child it it sounds so insignificant but it is really truly one of the like the great
01:14:16.340
joys of life and this is part of the experience like this is part of the thing yes you have to
01:14:23.440
have the family you have to have a nation of stability you have to have a god
01:14:27.360
that ties you to these things before you then have the family which you can pass these things
01:14:32.700
on to but when you do it will be almost as significant as the other things you are doing
01:14:38.220
in a way honestly right so one one of the things i am is a stern disciplinarian when it comes
01:14:46.740
to playing video games uh i am worse than communist china for letting my children play the video
01:14:51.520
games right which sucks because i love playing video games and what's more is i love playing
01:14:56.940
video games with my son and so i've got a desk just next to this one uh in which uh for a few
01:15:03.420
hours on the weekends uh we will sit and play some video games together and it's the best part of my
01:15:08.740
week and i look forward to every week right and the thing is he looks forward to it as well because
01:15:12.660
he loves playing the video games and so i use this as a method of keeping him in line if you do
01:15:18.520
something naughty no video games this weekend and it always kind of breaks my heart when he does do
01:15:23.320
something naughty because then you don't get to do it yeah exactly yeah exactly because then i don't
01:15:27.740
get to play video games either and that's the hardest thing is it's like it's like realizing that
01:15:32.020
the discipline of your child is more important than your enjoyment of a moment with that like
01:15:38.040
that's actually way harder than some of the other stuff that people don't realize but sorry i
01:15:41.600
didn't know no no you exactly you're exactly right and you just exactly finished the thought
01:15:45.440
because that was completely correct it can be heartbreaking yeah but um but you are exactly
01:15:50.780
right passing on the things you love to your children has a genuine magic about it and like
01:15:56.060
40k is again another great i was wondering when we were getting here yeah we were gonna get there
01:16:00.340
because man the the so when when i first me and my son first started playing with necrons and space
01:16:05.740
marines that came in the box i really wanted thousand suns so i got the thousand suns codex and when my son
01:16:10.680
first saw it man the look on his face he was like daddy can these be for me i was like oh no
01:16:15.020
yeah i wanted those you know and he was just like blown away by it so you know i got him
01:16:20.280
chaos demons instead but like there's genuine magic there and i'll never forget the face you
01:16:26.080
know he was like it was the you can't describe it until it's happened to you uh but man when it
01:16:31.680
happens to you it's just genuinely the best thing the best thing absolutely yeah and i i think so i
01:16:36.360
think it there is a there's a no fun brigade that runs around on twitter and stuff you know these
01:16:41.720
people oh how could you you know play these games how could you do this stuff you should only be
01:16:46.380
lifting weights and earning money and and and whatever but uh but yeah don't listen to those
01:16:52.100
people like yes order yourself correctly go after the big things first but don't lie to yourself about
01:16:57.500
the essential nature of the small things because when you do get to share those that will be something
01:17:02.540
that's beautiful totally all right so we've got uh coney current year very nice well done uh for
01:17:08.640
five pounds here uh former new atheist here where uh where uh were we to return to christianity
01:17:15.100
would it stop another death of god situation in society that nietzsche pointed to again an excellent
01:17:20.160
question and i think a legitimate challenge to religious people that's kind of why i uh mentioned
01:17:26.640
kind of dugan's uh post-modern religious uh moment uh where you move beyond the death of god and into
01:17:33.960
a situation where this is kind of no longer the struggle this is no kind of the defining under
01:17:38.460
the the disenchantment of the world is no longer the defining feature of kind of your epoch and you
01:17:44.140
move into one in which i think you're asking different questions because you understand that the death of god
01:17:49.140
was not a positive step for your society and you move into something that that onboards that and so
01:17:55.940
you're right that i don't think i think that religion will shift it will be eternal because
01:18:01.780
its truths are eternal um but i think there will be an approach that will be somewhat different
01:18:07.060
onboarding the lessons of modernity and post-modernity when we kind of turn that corner
01:18:11.620
i don't really have a lot to add to that it's it is i just feel bad for nietzsche to be honest
01:18:20.260
like the the the misunderstood uh like prophet of modern age you know oh he's a nihilist no
01:18:28.240
shut up you know it was not a good thing that god was dead to me yeah well that's that's what
01:18:34.780
happens when people read a quote and that's all they know about you know precisely or even half a
01:18:39.500
quote really with that one he talks about the the blood you can never wash away from your yeah but
01:18:44.140
anyway and to be honest with you nietzsche did make himself deliberately impenetrable
01:18:47.940
and i tell you it took me years to be able to actually read anything that he'd written
01:18:51.600
so i actually don't blame people for not having read it um you know maybe there's a question about
01:18:57.440
methods of delivery there nietzsche yeah it's still a slot for me when i get into it i'm still it's
01:19:03.020
not still not something i enjoy reading even though yeah yeah uh all right here uh johan richardson
01:19:09.320
999 thank you very much i'd sooner in uh interpret anglo-american liberty as a function of the
01:19:15.160
reformation rather than the enlightenment luther and cromer republics uh explain more of what
01:19:20.560
historically made free men uh many people uh will make a similar argument that's not the first time
01:19:27.960
not that you have to formulate a incredibly no no yeah that is a deep a large question there but
01:19:35.440
there's there's a part of me that thinks that maybe it's not even worth separating anything
01:19:43.040
when it comes to this sort of uh the historical trend because
01:19:49.060
you can see the same impulses and trends have been happening for literally hundreds of years
01:19:58.060
before anything we would call liberalism and it was probably inevitable just given like geographic
01:20:04.140
circumstance and the procedure of events that something like this would end up happening
01:20:10.420
uh but then you start getting into a kind of deterministic frame where nothing that happens
01:20:16.880
is changeable and it was all inevitable and you can never identify a starting point for anything and i
01:20:22.900
don't really like getting into those sort of discussions because it kind of takes away the
01:20:26.160
agency of the person examining it right and so and it kind of implies that we were not responsible
01:20:31.420
for anything as well i don't like that either so you know i i mean you you definitely probably could
01:20:37.100
point to luther and cromwell but then like you know well it's kind of the dramatic view on personal
01:20:42.460
responsibility and industry and blah blah blah and then you get into other conversations aren't really
01:20:46.860
very productive in my opinion so i try to avoid them fair enough yeah i'm always in a position where
01:20:52.060
like i don't like the deterministic view but then i just keep staring at everything spangly gets right
01:20:56.440
i'm like well this gets harder and harder to disagree with all right um cody here again thank you very
01:21:03.620
much sir is liberalism just the ideology of merchant rule so yeah i mean for for there there's certainly
01:21:09.460
a huge part to that right and but merchant rule what does that mean it really means the alienation
01:21:14.180
of things right the ability of to to move things and make them quickly interchangeable um that's if you've
01:21:21.040
ever read nick land's meltdown that's basically just as while it seems indecipherable if you just read it
01:21:26.740
by understanding the beginning it's just him explaining merchant rule uh then it quickly becomes
01:21:31.380
far more understandable um so so in many ways yes it it is um and money power again to to reference
01:21:39.000
spangler is something that always rules at kind of the the late winter stage of civilizations uh so that
01:21:45.860
should really become you know something that's not too surprising if you're kind of following that pattern
01:21:50.740
i i think there's a there's an argument to be made that it's not as bad as it sounds at least in the
01:21:55.700
time that it existed because you didn't have international conglomerate corporations that owned
01:22:02.860
everything in your country most well unless it was the unless it was the east indian trading company
01:22:08.100
sure unless you're in india but but you know when napoleon's like well england's a nation of
01:22:13.460
shopkeepers he wasn't wrong you know most most people owned a small business and they they ran it
01:22:18.520
themselves and so they had their own sphere of independence and uh productivity that was closely
01:22:26.360
linked to the success of their own country and so being you know having a merchant ideology wasn't
01:22:32.120
necessarily a bad thing in the time and place of course we lived 200 years on from that and uh now
01:22:37.840
everything's owned by black rock so yeah that's the thing again like if if you view history as a like a
01:22:44.840
series of connected mistakes that are keeping you from progress then you can see how this is a problem
01:22:51.240
but if you don't have this whiggish view of history if you understand that these are these are cycles
01:22:57.100
these are things that all civilizations go through these are inevitable patterns of humanity and social
01:23:02.200
organization then it's less about them being good or bad in and of themselves as part of of the growth
01:23:09.120
and maturity and then eventually aging of a society i think that merchant you know power is gonna come
01:23:16.080
i think the reason we're seeing it's you know bad effects now is that our classes work so hard to continue
01:23:24.080
it beyond its natural life cycle and the reason it looks so ugly and deformed now is it's being kind of
01:23:29.520
kept alive on life support through the most drastic use of uh of kind of uh state and ideological power
01:23:35.280
uh available but eventually it too will pass and a new cycle will begin again and merchant power will
01:23:41.680
transform into something else and i think that so so so there there are highlights of each one of
01:23:46.480
these phases and i think it's just a mistake to look at any one of them and say this is inherently wrong
01:23:50.960
and if we could just defend against this then it would be all up from here like i don't think that's
01:23:54.560
how it works i mean imagine if you're living in like you know 19th century england in a small town
01:23:59.120
and everyone you know owns their own shop you'd be in favor of that right you that's the conservative
01:24:04.640
dream in america right that's what people talk about when they talk about america yeah this
01:24:09.040
benefits all of my friends and family and local community for for this ideology to be in ascendance
01:24:15.600
so you would agree with it it would be morally correct because you're not thinking 200 years down
01:24:19.840
the line how will this look of course you're not thinking that right and then then this is why
01:24:25.760
the encoding of knowledge and wisdom in traditions is always essential because even when you move through
01:24:31.520
these patterns if you can hold closer to those things that your society has kind of found valuable
01:24:38.880
encoded in something deep and meaningful then you're much more likely to reap the benefits of
01:24:43.920
where you are rather than falling off of that entirely and going too far taking that to its its logical
01:24:50.240
conclusion spinning out of control to where we're at at this moment i think and just just a thing to add
01:24:54.640
on to that and that that that begins with humility actually absolutely that which is we i we i knew
01:25:00.800
i knew you'd agree but like a lot of people don't think about it right they're not it's not at the
01:25:04.800
forefront of their mind and i have to say for many years it wasn't at the forefront of my mind either
01:25:08.800
you know but there is a humility that builds up in these traditions because they have been through the
01:25:12.720
cycles you know the the traditions have survived the cycles the rise and the fall and so
01:25:17.920
beginning with i don't know is actually a much more reassuring and successful position and i'm sure
01:25:27.120
we've got it figured out this time uh no no you don't yeah i did both both chesterton and lewis
01:25:33.840
captured this really well you know democracy is or tradition is the democracy of the dead you know and
01:25:39.360
then lewis talking about uh chronological snobbery you know us looking yeah looking at everyone behind
01:25:44.400
us and realizing you know perhaps they they might have something some wisdom to say we're not we're
01:25:48.560
not better just because we're further along the timeline all right guys i've come to really hate
01:25:53.280
the wig view of history yeah it's it is it is absolutely the worst yeah it's just wrong it's just
01:25:58.800
wrong you know all right guys well i think we got through all of the questions here thank you everybody
01:26:04.640
who came by i think this was a great talk uh again carl thank you so much for coming on it's always
01:26:09.280
a blast to talk with you my pleasure man really really good to have uh to have a conversation on this
01:26:14.000
with you absolutely all right guys well if it's your first time by the channel make sure that you
01:26:17.840
go ahead and subscribe like all that stuff and of course if you want to get these broadcasts as
01:26:22.400
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when you do that make sure that you leave a rating or review over there and uh guys again really
01:26:32.320
appreciate it lots of great discussion great questions thank you for coming by and as always