The Auron MacIntyre Show - Nick Land on Entropy and the Nature of Time ｜ 12⧸16⧸24

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00:00:30.140 Hey everybody, how's it going?

00:00:31.480 Thanks for joining me this afternoon.

00:00:33.400 I am Oren McIntyre.

00:00:36.460 So I often go into the work of the philosopher Nick Land on this channel.

00:00:41.380 And one of the most fascinating things that he has done is speculate about the nature of time

00:00:47.500 and its relationship to entropy and intelligence.

00:00:51.280 And today I wanted to go into a little bit of how that works for Nick Land.

00:00:56.940 And previously, if you wanted to understand this topic, you had to hunt down a bunch of

00:01:01.180 different blog posts from his defunct blog, Xeno Systems.

00:01:05.060 But luckily, Passage Press has put together a volume collecting many of the key posts.

00:01:11.380 And that is what I drew on for this.

00:01:13.880 Actually, I originally put this lecture together back a few years ago for an event with the

00:01:21.160 Skildings in Oxfordshire.

00:01:23.360 I delivered a lecture there on this, but I wanted to bring that to you today.

00:01:27.600 Now, interestingly, other people have worked on this topic.

00:01:31.100 There's actually a pretty good article on this.

00:01:33.580 It's on Substack.

00:01:35.180 It's a guy named Sphinx.

00:01:37.280 Let me look at the topic there or the title.

00:01:41.080 It was Nick Land's Esoteric Platonism.

00:01:43.840 So he pulled out many of the same strands that I did, though I promise I did do this before

00:01:49.300 he made that post.

00:01:50.300 But I found his post very valuable.

00:01:51.600 So if you want to take a look at that and use that to help you further understand this

00:01:57.180 topic, I think that's good.

00:01:58.400 But I'm going to be delivering you my original presentation that I did on it.

00:02:02.820 So we're going to dive into Nick Land, his conception of time, how it's impacted by intelligence

00:02:08.880 and how it connects to the concept of entropy.

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00:03:10.100 All right, so let's dive in here.

00:03:13.880 I've even got slides since I did this as a lecture and presentation so we can lay out

00:03:19.860 this concept.

00:03:21.120 So again, I'm taking all of this from his Xeno systems work.

00:03:25.100 Now, Land has done more work on the concept of time in other places.

00:03:29.140 He's spoken about it in his work, Templexity, and in his work a little bit on Bitcoin.

00:03:34.260 I'm not going to be going into those other formulations today.

00:03:37.900 This is just what is drawn from Xeno systems.

00:03:40.900 So there is probably more to be said on Land's understanding of time in those other works,

00:03:46.120 but I'm confining our definitions here to what happens in the Xeno systems blog.

00:03:52.660 So the first concept we need to understand is entropy versus extropy when we're going to

00:03:59.360 be talking about Nick Land's conception of time.

00:04:01.800 So Nick Land in Xeno systems talks about several other thinkers when they're discussing their

00:04:10.640 understanding of time.

00:04:12.440 And the first thing he talks about is the idea of the arrow of time progressing through

00:04:17.500 rising global disorder or entropy.

00:04:21.280 Basically, the idea here is that the universe starts in a state of order and moves to disorder.

00:04:29.740 It's entropic in the sense that the energy that is originally there in the universe after

00:04:35.120 its initial formation is dissipating constantly.

00:04:38.620 Everything around us is slowing down.

00:04:41.060 This is why you hear the phrase, the heat death of the universe, right?

00:04:45.100 Is this idea that the thermodynamic principle of entropy is leading us towards eventual dissipation

00:04:53.420 of all the energy.

00:04:54.720 Energy is moving from a state of higher order and dissipating out into less order.

00:04:59.260 And so one way we can conceive of time is the process of the universe moving from a state

00:05:06.980 of higher energy to a state of lower energy.

00:05:10.220 Entropy is acting and dissipating that.

00:05:13.780 Now, extropy is the idea of local reduction or reversal of entropy, creating order out of

00:05:21.720 chaos.

00:05:22.040 Because you might say to yourself, well, okay, if the universe was in a higher state of order

00:05:26.800 previously, but we're like building civilizations now, how does that work, right?

00:05:32.420 We're obviously creating more complex systems here on Earth than existed previously, but

00:05:38.780 we're saying that we're getting less order.

00:05:41.040 What does that mean?

00:05:41.960 Well, Nick Land explains that extropy is a very normal process throughout the universe, and

00:05:49.640 extropy is when we reverse entropy.

00:05:53.320 It's entropy that is being reversed.

00:05:55.720 We are creating order, but it can only be done in a local and specific place.

00:06:02.420 It's never universal.

00:06:03.760 So while the rest of the world is, or the rest of the universe is moving towards entropy,

00:06:09.620 we have the ability to take agency and create order in very specific places.

00:06:15.640 So when we're talking about extropy, we're never talking about universal extropy.

00:06:20.500 We're always talking about extropy in a very specific area, right?

00:06:24.960 In a very specific contained situation.

00:06:28.300 And that's what we do every time that we are trying to create order, right?

00:06:33.740 Anytime you are working, let's say, in a garden, that's, I think, one of the easiest ways to

00:06:38.540 understand this.

00:06:39.440 When you're in the garden, if you leave it to its own devices, it will be overgrown, right?

00:06:44.020 It will lose the order that you have imposed on top of it.

00:06:48.140 But if you take the time to build fences and build planter boxes and cultivate things carefully,

00:06:54.760 you can reverse the chaos in that specific area.

00:06:58.800 Now, the wider you get in your attempt to reverse extropy, the harder it gets, right?

00:07:04.480 You can do it in a specific garden, in a specific area rather easily, but the larger that plot

00:07:10.700 of land gets, the harder it becomes.

00:07:13.060 And eventually it just becomes too much for you to manage.

00:07:15.500 You can't reverse entropy everywhere.

00:07:18.520 You cannot create extropy everywhere.

00:07:21.080 You can only do it in a specific confined area.

00:07:24.340 So you can create that specific order.

00:07:26.660 And this is what happens all the time.

00:07:28.580 This is what life forms do.

00:07:30.680 They take energy, right?

00:07:33.500 They create more entropy, but they localize extropy.

00:07:38.060 They reduce that chaos and create order in confined areas.

00:07:42.820 They are overall contributing to the process of entropy by doing this.

00:07:48.060 But in their local contained areas, they are actually reversing the process of entropy.

00:07:55.060 They are creating more order.

00:07:56.780 They do this by growing, adding more cells.

00:08:01.380 These kind of things is like an animal or a plant.

00:08:04.160 And then if you're a human being, if you're an intelligent creature, you're creating civilization,

00:08:09.480 right?

00:08:09.760 Like this is what you do.

00:08:11.260 You're creating a certain level of order inside a particular region, right?

00:08:15.900 But you can't do it universally.

00:08:17.360 That's really key.

00:08:19.000 And so Nick Land says that in a very real way, those that are looking to fight entropy are kind

00:08:26.640 of reversing time because if time is a flow from more order to less order, if it's a flow from

00:08:36.080 this state of higher order to a state of lesser order, then reversing that process going from

00:08:42.980 less order to more order is in a way reversing time.

00:08:47.160 Now, obviously, we don't mean this like specifically chronologically, but we mean this conceptually,

00:08:52.240 right?

00:08:52.440 If we're conceptualizing time in this manner, if we're understanding in this manner, then

00:08:57.960 in a way we are reversing the thing that defines the flow of time, at least potentially for a

00:09:04.260 while.

00:09:04.820 So that is entropy and extropy.

00:09:07.680 The next thing we want to understand is intelligence as extropy.

00:09:12.300 Nick Land has a very different understanding of intelligence than most people would.

00:09:17.280 Our understanding of intelligence is very anthropomorphic.

00:09:20.640 It's very human as where Nick Land's understanding is much more general than we would normally

00:09:27.120 think.

00:09:27.800 So how does he understand intelligence and what does that have to do with it being extropy?

00:09:34.260 So Land defines intelligence abstractly as the solving of problems by the avoidance of

00:09:40.660 probable outcomes by guiding behavior to produce local extropy.

00:09:45.820 So most things have a natural flow.

00:09:49.120 They're going to, again, go from that higher level of order to that lower level of order.

00:09:54.020 And that creates a predictable outcome, right?

00:09:56.700 We're going to consistently see the same behavior over and over again.

00:10:00.320 If we just leave nature to its own devices, the natural process will lead us to a particular

00:10:05.140 result.

00:10:06.600 However, intelligence is the application of solving a problem to avoid those probable outcomes,

00:10:13.280 right?

00:10:13.760 So normally, if I just leave a garden there, then some animal is going to come and eat

00:10:19.940 things.

00:10:20.580 They're going to destroy my crop.

00:10:22.760 They're going to, the other plants, nature is going to overtake the boundaries that I've

00:10:28.320 created in my garden.

00:10:29.800 This is the normal flow that things would take.

00:10:32.980 But if I'm intelligent, right?

00:10:35.700 If I notice these patterns and I apply my problem solving skills to this problem, I can

00:10:43.240 avoid those probable outcomes.

00:10:45.620 I can figure out how to, you know, trap vermin that would come in or, you know, destroy pests

00:10:51.180 or create barriers that keep unwanted plants from entering, weed the garden, all these things.

00:10:56.880 These are problem solving tools that I can apply and therefore battle against the probable outcomes

00:11:04.380 that will continue to occur if I do not apply my intelligence to them.

00:11:09.160 And this is how we're going to produce extrapy.

00:11:12.740 Now, this means that extrapy production or intelligence has a cybernetic infrastructure,

00:11:18.840 which adapts to feedback and makes regular adjustments.

00:11:22.760 That's a lot of words to say that over time, I'm learning things, right?

00:11:28.680 I see what works.

00:11:29.940 I see what doesn't work.

00:11:31.160 What actually keeps the pests out of the garden?

00:11:33.380 What actually keeps the vermin from digging up my crops and eating the produce?

00:11:38.760 What actually keeps the other plants at bay?

00:11:41.900 What are the best cycles to produce the best yields of crops?

00:11:45.940 These kind of things.

00:11:46.720 I learn this over time.

00:11:48.600 If I'm intelligent, there's a feedback loop.

00:11:51.080 What works?

00:11:51.640 What doesn't?

00:11:52.160 What helps me get the outcomes I'm looking for and what fails to produce those outcomes?

00:11:57.280 That is what I'm looking at.

00:11:59.480 And that feedback loop is cybernetic in nature.

00:12:03.820 I'm constantly making small adjustments to better my understanding of what works and what

00:12:10.840 doesn't.

00:12:11.280 And that, for Nick Land, is the nature of intelligence.

00:12:15.520 The ability to iterate on these processes over and over again and create positive feedback to

00:12:21.900 say, oh, this is what works.

00:12:23.960 I'm learning from that.

00:12:25.060 I'm getting better at that.

00:12:26.200 I'm creating a higher yield of crops.

00:12:28.320 Next year, I'm going to protect my produce better.

00:12:32.300 I'm going to keep out more vermin.

00:12:33.440 I'm going to get rid of more pests.

00:12:35.000 I'm going to yield more production.

00:12:37.400 This is the creation of intelligence over and over again.

00:12:41.220 This is also the evolutionary process.

00:12:44.220 This is inextricable from the evolutionary process from Land, right?

00:12:48.980 That we're going to iterate on these things over and over again, that it's going to learn,

00:12:53.340 that it's going to grow, that it's going to produce better.

00:12:56.120 The feedback is going to sharpen the production each time and create more intelligence.

00:13:02.200 That is how he understands this feedback loop.

00:13:05.700 And that's what creates extrapy in these situations.

00:13:09.880 Positive feedback circuits can generate escalation.

00:13:14.120 Landseed's cybernetic intensification as intelligence itself.

00:13:19.120 So again, if we keep this loop going, if every year, I, again, we're just sticking with

00:13:25.200 the metaphor of the garden in this sense, but you can apply this to literally everything.

00:13:29.280 But if I'm applying this over and over again, every year I'm getting better and better,

00:13:34.220 right?

00:13:34.460 Every year I'm learning more and more.

00:13:36.320 The situation is going to become more complex.

00:13:38.420 I might even be able to expand this garden.

00:13:40.360 I might be able to expand the area over which I go ahead and exert this extrapy, right?

00:13:46.820 It's still localized.

00:13:47.860 It has to be in a specific region.

00:13:49.380 It still can't universalize.

00:13:50.780 But if I increase my intelligence and I increase the complexity, if the feedback circuit allows

00:13:56.840 me to understand and learn and grow in each iteration, I can expand what I'm doing, the

00:14:02.300 area over which I am actually applying this reduction of entropy, this extrapy, right?

00:14:09.140 So I'm reducing the flow of time over this element over and over again, right?

00:14:14.920 I'm moving it towards more order and less chaos, but it has to be inside this confined space.

00:14:21.100 Maybe that space can expand if I get better at it, but it's that positive feedback loop

00:14:26.480 that is constantly iterating on itself that is allowing the escalation, right?

00:14:33.960 It's generating that escalation, and that is what is creating more intelligent.

00:14:38.820 I'm becoming more intelligent about my food production.

00:14:42.400 Again, we could look at this in industry.

00:14:44.680 We can look at this at war.

00:14:45.900 We can look at this at academia, every aspect of life, particularly human life, which is

00:14:53.800 centered on intelligence in a way that other areas might not be as centered, but it still

00:14:59.820 exists in those areas.

00:15:00.900 We see this escalation, right?

00:15:03.200 That this is what we feel when we feel the idea of progress, right?

00:15:07.880 It's in a way, it's actually in creating more and more order in each one of these iterations.

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00:15:44.900 Conservative organizations provide negative feedback to limit acceleration, especially

00:15:50.580 intelligence optimizing itself as a general purpose adaptive response.

00:15:56.420 So one of the things that most traditional cultures have done is have a certain institutions

00:16:04.780 that limit the amount that a specific type of intelligence can accelerate beyond, right?

00:16:11.780 There are certain rituals, there are certain traditions, there are certain ways of being

00:16:16.640 and understanding that say, we don't do these certain things.

00:16:20.980 Think about, for instance, the Christian prohibition on usury, right?

00:16:26.300 If you can't loan people money, loaning in a way is borrowing money from the future, right?

00:16:32.560 It's saying, we're going to take money that you would have had in the future and we're going

00:16:37.060 to give it to you now.

00:16:38.180 And that allows you to build more things because you have more money available to you.

00:16:45.400 You can scale things up more.

00:16:47.020 You can produce things more in the here and now because you have the money from the future

00:16:52.300 that you would have had and you've pulled it into the present, right?

00:16:55.900 By restricting that usury, by restricting that loan giving, the tradition, the religious restriction 0.85

00:17:06.560 actually provides a negative feedback, a limiter on the reaction, right?

00:17:12.900 Just like a thermostat allows your air conditioning to kind of run until it hits a certain spot, right?

00:17:19.340 If the air conditioning just came up running and running and running, it would accelerate,

00:17:22.380 accelerate, accelerate.

00:17:23.140 But you have a thermostat that tells it to cut off at a certain point, no more beyond

00:17:27.480 this point.

00:17:28.200 And that keeps it from like just running out of control.

00:17:30.980 The same thing is true with intelligence and cultural production.

00:17:35.080 In conservative systems, in human systems, we have had traditions.

00:17:41.280 We have had limits on how far intelligence is allowed to advance itself, how far we are allowed

00:17:47.580 to advance production for its own sake, right?

00:17:51.560 And this actually protects certain aspects of our culture because it keeps us within certain

00:17:57.560 bounds, certain realms.

00:17:58.860 It ties that production to a specific set of people and a specific way of being and a specific

00:18:04.860 life.

00:18:05.500 It is not looking to create more for its own sake.

00:18:09.340 It is only creating enough for the civilization or people or whatever you're referencing at hand.

00:18:16.680 And then it places a limit on that production.

00:18:20.340 And so that is kind of the function that tradition and these kind of conservative institutions create.

00:18:27.740 They create homeostasis, right?

00:18:30.020 They keep us in a specific range.

00:18:32.680 We produce enough for what we need or for that particular civilization, that particular set of

00:18:38.540 people, that particular organization.

00:18:40.140 But we never go beyond it.

00:18:42.360 We are putting a specific limit, a very human limit on what can be produced and how it can

00:18:49.560 be produced and how intelligence can accumulate across certain areas.

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00:18:59.360 And when we come back, we'll continue with our discussion on intelligence, entropy, and time.

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00:20:32.360 All right.

00:20:33.620 So that is intelligence as extrapy.

00:20:36.080 Let's look at now civilization as extrapy.

00:20:41.380 So civilizations are born as cybernetic feedback accumulates through low time preference behavior.

00:20:49.940 Those of you who are familiar with kind of the libertarian, you know, like Hoppe, these kind

00:20:58.480 of libertarians, they'll talk about low time preference behavior, right?

00:21:02.780 And they'll say that, and Nick Land says this in several different places, including the

00:21:07.680 dark enlightenment, that civilization is synonymous with low time preference behavior.

00:21:13.580 I've done episodes on low time preference versus high time preference.

00:21:16.700 You can go back and take a look at that if you want a clarification on those terms in

00:21:22.100 detail.

00:21:22.520 But really quickly, low time preference behavior is behavior that says, I will put off what

00:21:29.240 is good for me today to earn something in the future, right?

00:21:33.460 This is the classic marshmallow test for kids.

00:21:35.700 You go to the kid, you say, Hey, would you like one marshmallow now?

00:21:39.500 Or if you wait five minutes, you can have two marshmallows.

00:21:43.200 And the kid with no impulse control will just take the marshmallow, pop it in their mouth.

00:21:47.620 But a child who's demonstrating impulse control, the ability to plan for the future, to think

00:21:52.560 through different outcomes and what would be best for them, not just in this moment, but

00:21:58.780 in the future, they will wait, right?

00:22:00.540 They will demonstrate low time preference and civilizations are built out of low time preference.

00:22:05.820 If you have groupings of people that there are high time preference civilizations, there

00:22:11.080 are peoples that have high time preferences, but they tend not to build great civilizations.

00:22:16.300 It tends to be that accumulation of cybernetic feedback through low time preference behavior

00:22:23.500 that builds a civilization over and over again.

00:22:26.000 We iterate, uh, you know, this is what's the best in the future.

00:22:28.800 We learn, uh, maybe we don't need to constantly hunt.

00:22:31.760 Maybe it's better to settle down and farm.

00:22:33.840 Oh, actually, uh, maybe if we learn how to build machines, that'll help us farm, uh, learn

00:22:38.320 crop rotations, all these things we can have more population increase complexity.

00:22:42.880 Oh, we can start building these machines and we can, can move into kind of a industrial

00:22:47.200 society again, like by accumulating this knowledge, by accumulating intelligence through

00:22:53.280 low time preference behavior, we increase the complexity of our civilization.

00:22:58.240 That's where like high civilizations are born.

00:23:01.840 Uh, Oswald Spangler sees this as the metaphysical animating spirit shaping the character and the

00:23:07.840 form of civilization.

00:23:09.120 So if you want to go to like a more Spanglerian understanding, something that's a little less

00:23:14.400 modern and something that's a little more grounded in, in tradition, uh, he understands this as like,

00:23:19.840 this is the way that the different peoples, the ways of being the, the cultural Dasein,

00:23:24.720 if you want to use the Heideggerian understanding, this is the way that they live and the way that

00:23:29.520 they live eventually accumulates, um, more and more of this kind of civilizational capital,

00:23:35.520 right?

00:23:35.680 He would not use the phrase civilizational capital, but you understand what I'm saying here.

00:23:40.080 That, uh, the, the fact that they have this level of discipline, that their nature brings

00:23:44.880 them to create these things and delay gratification and build these things. 0.88

00:23:49.760 That would be his understanding.

00:23:51.120 So he's going to, you know, I'm framing it in this way.

00:23:54.000 So we can, we can take, uh, you know, Nick land has the much more like evolutionary,

00:23:58.960 very modern understanding and language of civilization.

00:24:02.320 Spangler has a much more classical traditional understanding.

00:24:06.160 I'm trying to give us kind of the language is different, but the concepts are there, right?

00:24:11.600 They, they both are wielding similar concepts.

00:24:14.480 So that's why I want to use Spangler in contrast with, with land, not to say that these things

00:24:19.360 are completely, uh, unable to be compatible.

00:24:22.960 They are, they are uncomfortable in certain areas, but they aren't completely, um, noticing

00:24:29.280 different, uh, systems in many ways, they are overlapping and noticing similar effects

00:24:35.200 and systems, right?

00:24:36.160 So Spangler sees that you would use different language to understand this, but we, we're

00:24:41.120 noticing a similar mode in which, uh, uh, a culture is developed in the transition, uh,

00:24:47.840 from the Spanglerian cultural mode to the Spanglerian civilization mode.

00:24:51.760 These once inherent traits must be translated into institutions.

00:24:56.080 So for Spangler, you have these initial behaviors, right?

00:24:59.920 These initial ways of being think of it, uh, think of like America pre, uh, the constitution,

00:25:05.840 right?

00:25:06.080 Just, uh, colonial America before it had broken away from the United Kingdom, from Britain.

00:25:12.080 At that time, they were living in a certain way, right?

00:25:14.880 There are peoples, mostly Anglo coming over, um, and they are practicing certain understandings

00:25:22.640 of how they should behave, how they should build things, how they should treat each other,

00:25:27.040 right?

00:25:27.520 These are all modes of being that they are operating in and no one usually needs to tell

00:25:33.120 anybody what this is, right?

00:25:35.360 Later on, people would go back and Max Weber would identify the Protestant work ethic and,

00:25:40.240 uh, you know, uh, Alexis to Tocqueville would give us a little more of the, the, the understanding

00:25:45.440 of the way that Americans live.

00:25:47.120 But at that time, no one needed to walk up to the average American and rationally lay out,

00:25:52.560 oh, this is how you live your life, right?

00:25:54.720 Like they just understood this was their culture.

00:25:57.360 This was their religion.

00:25:58.320 This was their tradition.

00:25:59.520 This was their language.

00:26:00.560 This was their heritage.

00:26:01.760 This is the way that they live their lives, right?

00:26:04.560 But for Spangler, there's a shift in civilizations where they move from this form of, uh, of cultural

00:26:13.680 production to civilizational production.

00:26:16.400 And that's where you take those things that were once inherent.

00:26:19.600 They were things that always existed for your people.

00:26:22.640 The thing that you always understood as inherent to your tradition and your culture and your way

00:26:27.200 of being.

00:26:27.840 And you start shifting them and codifying them into more materialistic forms.

00:26:32.560 You start moving them into institutions and the institutions allow you to scale.

00:26:37.680 They take that intelligence.

00:26:39.200 If we want to use the Nicolandian understanding that you take that intelligence and you move it

00:26:45.120 into, uh, not just human processes, not just purely human day-to-day cultural Dasein,

00:26:51.920 but you move it into institutions, right?

00:26:55.360 The, the, the intelligence that's transferred into con a constitution and the constitution

00:27:00.000 specifically enumerates.

00:27:01.760 Here is what we believe.

00:27:03.120 And here are our customs and here are what rights you can expect as being, uh, you know,

00:27:08.880 the rights of an Englishman was the way it was described before the revolution and the rights of

00:27:12.960 an American after the revolution, right?

00:27:14.640 But either way you are enumerating things that otherwise used to not need to be said.

00:27:19.920 Now, often they are being, uh, said because they have been violated.

00:27:24.320 Some, something has broken in the cultural understanding and you feel the need to institutionalize

00:27:30.720 and materialize those ways of beings and under and understandings.

00:27:34.880 And what you're doing in that movement moment is transferring the intelligence that once existed

00:27:41.120 as part of your people, your tradition that was created in a very, um, spiritual, uh, organic way.

00:27:48.240 And you were moving it into more rigid and artificial structures.

00:27:51.360 Now, human institutions aren't that artificial.

00:27:53.680 They're still pretty close to human, uh, but they are a level of abstraction, right?

00:27:58.160 It is, we are taking one step away from the way we used to live.

00:28:03.120 And we are putting that into some kind of hard form, some rigid form.

00:28:08.000 And usually we need to do that because of scale.

00:28:10.800 Usually we need to do that because we are trying to expand the range of our extra, right?

00:28:16.800 We are going to add more people groups.

00:28:18.640 We're going to add more territory.

00:28:20.800 We, we have to go beyond our garden, right?

00:28:23.200 That to, to go back to my earlier metaphor, we have to expand beyond that original boundary.

00:28:28.240 And so to do that, we can't just carry the traditions.

00:28:31.200 We can't just carry the intelligence, the feedback, the cybernetic feedback and low time

00:28:35.840 preference that accumulated intelligence.

00:28:37.840 We can't just keep that in its original state because we need to apply it to people who it's not

00:28:44.400 obvious to, or over areas in which it's not inherent.

00:28:47.680 And so that's why we have to move it into institution over times.

00:28:51.600 These traits dissipate as social organizations expand and cultural norms lose their connection

00:28:58.640 to the founding civilization and the conditions that gave rise.

00:29:02.880 Now I've talked about this in many places.

00:29:04.720 It's in my book, the total state it's I've, I've kind of covered it in many different episodes,

00:29:09.360 but as we move, as we dissipate the, that social or as we move that intelligence into these social

00:29:17.440 organizations and into these institutions, we separate it from the people groups who were 1.00

00:29:23.280 initially the ones who founded it.

00:29:25.680 Again, the kind of the, the, the, again, the, in the Spenglarian understanding, the spiritual

00:29:30.560 metaphysical binding, that cultural Dasein, we have moved it into materialistic,

00:29:36.800 less human organizations.

00:29:39.040 And we do that over and over and over again, right?

00:29:41.680 Think about what we do now in like a modern American, you know, civics class, right?

00:29:48.000 You take this thing that wants to be part of a long tradition, a culture that you were steeped in

00:29:54.080 for, you know, decades or, or centuries that your family and your family family that they instituted,

00:29:59.600 and you want to just be able to narrow it down to something that can be read on a card

00:30:05.520 to a new immigrant who's been here for, you know, a couple of years and they can understand it too,

00:30:10.720 right? That takes a certain level of reduction. You have to boil it down. You can't just take

00:30:16.240 something that was a lived experience and a long connection and part of a great chain of being

00:30:21.120 and like put it on a three by five note card that someone can like take an online test on.

00:30:26.240 You can't do that and like maintain all of the content.

00:30:30.160 You can, you, you have to do something to it when you transfer in this way.

00:30:34.720 So as these organizations expand, as they have to teach these norms in these ways and use this

00:30:42.960 intelligence and pass it out to different peoples, they have to change it fundamentally, right?

00:30:48.560 And in a way this dissipates the intelligence. This is what normally happens in a situation, right?

00:30:54.640 What I'm explaining you now is the Spanglerian cycle of civilizations. We're going to look at how

00:30:59.520 this might change under a Landian understanding, but right now we're looking at the traditional

00:31:04.400 cycle of civilization. The civilization rises, the people who kind of founded it expand, they grow,

00:31:11.360 they learn, but they continue to communicate what they've learned. This, this cybernetic accumulation

00:31:17.520 of low time preference behavior is passed on through tradition and custom and religion.

00:31:22.400 But then we get to a point where we've moved into the, out of the, uh, out of the cultural

00:31:27.520 phase and into the civilizational phase. And when we make that move, when we start moving to the

00:31:31.920 institutions, when we start trying to expand beyond our natural borders, when we try to become empire,

00:31:36.960 when we try to do these things, we necessarily dissipate some aspect of that traditional norm,

00:31:44.480 right? That, of that founding, that connection to that founding civilization.

00:31:48.880 What Rome was as a kingdom looks very different than what it was as a Republic.

00:31:54.320 And what it was as a Republic looks very different from what it is in the early empire.

00:31:58.560 And it looks radically different what it is in the late empire. There's still a certain level of

00:32:03.520 continuity. People outside of Rome would still know who the Romans were, right? But who the Romans were

00:32:11.120 has fundamentally changed. By the time you get to the Eastern Roman empire, the Byzantine empire,

00:32:16.000 they are very, very different from the founders of Rome, but they still would have called themselves

00:32:22.080 Romans. And so would have their enemies, by the way. So it would have been people outside the 0.79

00:32:25.920 civilization. So it doesn't mean that during this transformation and often dissipation of that

00:32:31.520 original, uh, culture, you're not completely disconnected, right? It's, it's not now today we do

00:32:39.120 recognize as, as different cultures. We call it the Byzantine empire now for a reason, even though they

00:32:44.160 never would have called themselves that because we do recognize that the, the culture had mutated,

00:32:49.840 the original understanding, the way of being the cultural Dasein had changed so radically over that

00:32:56.880 time, over that arc, that it became something entirely different. We recognize that doubt now

00:33:02.560 looking with the benefit of hindsight and history and, and, and, and most importantly, distance,

00:33:07.680 right? We, we're not tied to that culture in the same way they are in that identity, the same way

00:33:12.400 they are. And so we can recognize that. And I think that's going to be true of America too,

00:33:16.080 by the way, I think at some point people will look at America in, you know, the, uh, you know,

00:33:20.880 16 nineties and America in 2024 and say, oh, at somewhere in there, there's a distinct break.

00:33:27.440 And this is something different, uh, than necessarily the America that was originally founded. But today,

00:33:33.040 because we kind of have that continuity of identity, uh, at least in our institutions,

00:33:38.000 we still see ourselves as doing the same thing. But Spangler says, this is very natural part of

00:33:42.640 civilizations, right? They flower. He gives it the morphological cycle of a plant. It starts as a

00:33:48.320 seedling, it grows, it becomes stronger. It starts to flower, but eventually it has to die, right?

00:33:54.400 Like that is also part of the civilizational cycle. And so for him entropy, uh, which is not a word

00:34:01.280 Spangler used, but since we're, you know, bleeding over our concepts here for Spangler entropy eventually

00:34:06.800 comes for every civilization. We have this cultural burst, this growth, uh, this extra P right that

00:34:12.880 we create in a civilization civilization's extra P, but as it fades, as it loses its energy, as it

00:34:18.880 dissipates its cultural knowledge into the first into non-human institutions. And then, you know,

00:34:24.960 completely, uh, as it tries to expand too far, we start to see the separation, uh, the, you know,

00:34:31.760 severing the connection from the original civilization. Eventually institutions separated

00:34:37.360 from their founding ethos lose all ability to compel social coordination. And like the untended

00:34:43.760 garden entropy slowly reclaims the civilization. So this is the classic cycle of civilization in

00:34:51.120 the Spanglerian understanding. Eventually those institutions where you moved your things out of

00:34:56.880 the realm of the metaphysical, you moved your beliefs, all that low time preference, accumulation,

00:35:02.640 that intelligence, you moved it out of the metaphysical and into the institutional in a defend,

00:35:07.600 in an attempt to kind of artificially expand it and, and, and grow it. Uh, eventually it loses

00:35:14.080 its momentum too much. It becomes too separated. The institutions that were supposed to protect your

00:35:19.760 society start to come apart. They lose their mission and your civilization starts to fail.

00:35:25.680 If this sounds familiar, it's because it's what happened, it's happening to the United States,

00:35:29.760 right? The department of defense does not defend the United States. The department of education

00:35:34.400 does not educate the students of the United States. The border patrol, uh, doesn't actually protect the

00:35:39.600 border of the United States, right? All of these institutions that were created to expand society,

00:35:46.640 to inculcate the future generations with the spirit of the United States to educate the people in the

00:35:52.000 United States in what they should be and who should they, they should become. Those are all losing their

00:35:57.360 purpose, their own meaning. Even the very institutions that are meant to prepare our young people to become

00:36:04.000 good. Americans are now mainly dominated by the question of what is an America American is America

00:36:09.760 any, any good. Is it even worth perpetuating America? These are not weird, a historical moments.

00:36:16.960 This is the natural life cycle of institutions and civilizations. When you create institutions,

00:36:23.200 uh, you, and when you transfer this knowledge into the institutions, it fades because it's been cut off

00:36:30.560 from the root of what actually created it right over time, as it expands, as it massifies, as it scales

00:36:36.880 up, as it becomes further and further separated from that original animating spirit, that cultural Dasein,

00:36:43.520 it loses that momentum, that vitality. And it comes to question itself. Why do I even exist?

00:36:49.760 Is it even worth exerting my own influence, my own understanding? This is very normal. Again,

00:36:56.320 we think of this as like, oh, it's some specific American problem, a cultural problem there. It looks

00:37:02.240 specific to us. It has its own characteristics in our civilization that it may not have seen in other

00:37:07.120 civilizations, but this is a very normal pattern. Again, Spangler lays it out in a decline of the

00:37:13.040 West. If you want to read a thousand pages on this, I encourage you to, but it's a climb. So I'll give

00:37:18.320 you, I'm giving you the, the, the, the footnotes here. If you want to do the dive, I do the reading.

00:37:23.280 I encourage you, but it is a bit of a climb. I'm actually really looking forward to going back to

00:37:27.200 it. It's one of those weird things where you rarely think you're going to be excited about

00:37:30.480 revisiting a thousand year old or a thousand year old, a thousand page text, but, but I really do

00:37:35.840 find it incredibly compelling. And I encourage you to, to, to go ahead and dive into it if you would

00:37:40.480 like. But this is a very normal aspect of civilizations. This is what we expect most

00:37:47.360 civilizations to do. If we have a long view of history, not kind of the current American view of

00:37:52.560 like, we're at the end of history and we're the only empire, or we don't call ourselves an empire,

00:37:56.560 but we're like the height of civilization and nothing will ever happen to us. Like that,

00:38:00.080 that's kind of the attitude that we have, but all of our current maladies are signs of that we are

00:38:06.800 somewhere in the Spanglerian cycle. Now I want to be clear that isn't hopeless. There are, you know,

00:38:12.080 many cases of retrenchment, right. Of people being able to shore up and, and extend the life cycle,

00:38:18.160 retake those institutions, you know, move that, you know, rescue them for, for certain periods of

00:38:23.440 time. It's not that every part of this goes exactly the same way and that you're always on exactly

00:38:29.440 the same, uh, time allowance. Uh, but these are again, part of the morphological cycles of

00:38:35.440 civilization that had been observed by many people, including Spangler. And this is what happens,

00:38:40.880 you know, civilization has that extra P, but eventually entropy comes for it, right? Eventually,

00:38:46.720 you are no longer able to create more order. You're no longer able to reverse the flow of time.

00:38:52.160 You are no longer able to exert, uh, this control over the area because you have been

00:38:57.840 separated too far from your institutions. So that is the classic Spanglerian cycle of understanding.

00:39:03.440 Now let's talk a little bit about Nick Land's understanding, which is, uh, a little more,

00:39:09.440 um, well, it's, it's based a lot on, uh, Deleuze and Guattari, which again, we've talked about a

00:39:15.040 little bit before. I've certainly, uh, explained the process of deterritorialization,

00:39:20.160 re-territorialization, but it is definitely connected to Nick Land's understanding here.

00:39:24.800 So we're going to go back and talk about it a little bit. If you'd like to get more details,

00:39:28.720 again, I've got a whole playlist of Nick Land and we've, we've talked about this, uh, before,

00:39:34.080 especially, I believe I've talked about it with the Prudentialist in different streams.

00:39:37.520 Uh, but let's, let's see how it connects to civilizations here. So traditional societies

00:39:44.160 use conservative organizations to stabilize the process of extra P production by territorializing.

00:39:50.080 It, we talked about this in a previous slide, right? You have that limiter on your civilization.

00:39:54.880 You, you ban usury, right? To keep the, uh, building up of intelligence from overloading and

00:40:02.560 escaping its purpose, right? I want my society. I want the financial system of my society to serve my,

00:40:10.720 my society. I don't want my society to serve its financial system, right? That is why you put

00:40:17.360 traditional limits on, uh, on all kinds of behavior. I'm just going to use finance here

00:40:23.440 because that's the way that both, uh, Deleuze and Qatari discuss it. And it's also how Nick Land

00:40:27.920 discusses it, but we can see this across all kinds of stuff, right? Like this is why we limit sexual

00:40:32.160 behavior. This is why we, uh, you know, have certain boundaries over, uh, all kinds of consumptive

00:40:37.520 behaviors because we recognize this process, right? That this cybernetic feedback loop,

00:40:43.040 once people get a little weird about sex, they get weirder and weirder and weirder until things get

00:40:47.760 absolutely Weimar, right? And then like the same thing is true of finance. It's true of

00:40:53.120 all consumptive behaviors. Every time, you know, the, the human sees something they want,

00:40:58.480 they get better at cultivating it. They get better at creating things, uh, that they increase their

00:41:04.080 intelligence. You get the feedback loop that accelerates itself. And this creates a process that

00:41:09.280 can run away from itself very quickly. We've all seen this happen with people. Uh, and this is, uh,

00:41:15.920 again, very true when it comes to finance, right? So we have this idea that traditional societies

00:41:22.880 are creating limits on certain areas of production. You can see this breaking down in our own society

00:41:28.480 because people do weird things like worship capitalism. Now, again, I think capitalism's

00:41:33.920 better, you know, I'm not a communist. I don't, I'm not for socialism. I think capitalism is a very

00:41:40.400 nebulous term that people poorly define, but as we generally understand it, uh, it is the best economic

00:41:46.240 system that we have, but it is good only in the sense that it serves our people, right? Our country.

00:41:53.920 That's what makes it valuable. Uh, that it's not good in and of itself. It's not something to itself

00:42:00.000 worship. It's not something that you actually want all of your institutions to serve. You want

00:42:06.560 it to serve you. You want the institutions to serve you. You want the econ economic system to serve you.

00:42:12.400 You want all of these things to perpetuate your civilization and its wellbeing. You don't want to

00:42:17.040 serve them, right? But you can tell when they get out of whack, when you start serving them, when you

00:42:21.840 start serving, uh, the financial system, when you start serving, uh, the, uh, institutions of the

00:42:28.000 United States, instead of them serving you like in the good of the people, when, when the good of the

00:42:32.640 people are, is destroyed so that you can have a stronger state department or more profitable

00:42:38.320 military, or, you know, like when you start, uh, cannibalizing the wellbeing of your civilization

00:42:45.280 for, uh, the institution or that system, something has gone wrong, right? It is run away. That, that

00:42:51.040 traditional limiter is gone. So in, uh, land and, uh, Duluth and Guattari's formulation,

00:42:57.520 modern forms of trade production and communication require massification and interconnectivity,

00:43:03.280 which break down traditional barriers, right? If I want to trade with certain civilizations,

00:43:08.960 we need to have mediums of exchange. We need to have time zones. Uh, we need to have a ways in which

00:43:15.200 we can communicate. Like I can't deliver something, a product to you at a specific time and pay you in

00:43:22.160 a specific way. If we don't have an agreed upon understanding of what time is and what money is

00:43:28.320 and what like, like how contract law works, like we have to unify this, these cultural understandings,

00:43:35.280 but that's not how people actually work, right? Like different civilizations are different. They are

00:43:42.000 culturally distinct. They have cultural DAW signs. They have different ways of being. And so if you

00:43:48.000 want to create these trade, you know, this, this system across all of these areas, you have to break

00:43:54.080 down the differences. You have to break down the different ways in which you do these things and

00:43:59.120 you have to unify them into one that creates a system where everyone can work together that creates

00:44:06.000 many of the trade systems and communication systems and governance systems that we have today,

00:44:11.360 but it breaks down the cultural distinctions, right? I don't know if you guys saw this,

00:44:14.960 but it's Romania just had its elections canceled by NATO because, uh, they said that there, there was

00:44:22.160 Russians manipulating them through tick tock. Now, in reality, it looks like the conservative candidate, 0.98

00:44:27.120 the non-globalist candidate was just doing too well. So NATO is just like, nah, you're, you're,

00:44:31.600 you're not doing these. Like you're dependent on us for your security. You're dependent on us for your

00:44:35.840 trade. Uh, you're dependent on us for like all of these things that make your civilization function.

00:44:40.960 So we get to tell you when you have elections and when you don't, because really the elections don't

00:44:46.400 matter. We need to put the people we want in charge. And so if the wrong people are going to

00:44:50.720 be in charge, then we will stop that process, right? We, we will do that. And so this breaks down

00:44:56.560 the natural cultural limits of a place like Romania, right? They can't keep their customs. 0.99

00:45:00.960 They can't keep their understandings. They can't make their own decisions because they are too

00:45:05.200 much part of this larger system. So we have escaped the traditional barriers of extra P,

00:45:13.120 right? Normally the extra P is confined to a specific local limit. It has to be, you know,

00:45:19.280 my garden is only so big. Maybe I can expand it. Maybe I can expand it a little more every year,

00:45:25.120 but eventually it becomes too big and it breaks down. But in this formulation,

00:45:29.120 we create a scenario where there's a network large enough. There's a much enough intelligence

00:45:35.200 feedback where we can actually create something larger than these normal cultural restrictions,

00:45:41.920 those limitations, those cultural barriers that prevented the overgrowth of this intelligence,

00:45:47.840 the accumulation beyond its, its human limits. Those are breaking down, but we do this by creating

00:45:53.440 increasingly inhuman systems, right? NATO, the WEF, IMF, like all of these world organizations

00:46:02.400 are artificial in a very real sense. And we can feel that, right? There's a reason that nobody who

00:46:07.200 gets governed by these places, you know, people in the UK hate the EU and then they, you know,

00:46:13.120 they hate like all these organizations that were trying to force them to behave a certain way.

00:46:18.400 You know, the people in Romania probably aren't too happy about having their elections canceled

00:46:23.040 because some, uh, super national authority, uh, does that. And the reason they don't like it is a,

00:46:28.400 they don't like the loss of control, but B it also feels inhuman, right? It feels inhuman to be

00:46:33.520 governed by organizations that are so far abstracted from your way of being, from your understanding,

00:46:39.520 from your culture. But this is the only way to create enough extra P right to outrun the entropy

00:46:46.240 that would break down the civilization. You must make it less human. You must free it from its natural,

00:46:52.720 human restrictions. And Nick land compares this process to a nuclear reactor with the control

00:46:58.080 rods ripped out. Right. And the way that a nuclear reactor works is it just continues to accelerate.

00:47:03.600 You have more and more reactions. It grows. If you don't have a containment mechanism for that

00:47:08.240 reactor, everybody has seen like Chernobyl movies and stuff like that. Like if you don't have something

00:47:13.200 containing that reaction, eventually it will get out of control and it'll just kill everybody.

00:47:18.000 Right. And he says, this is basically what happens with our human control systems.

00:47:22.640 The, in the intelligence wants to escape human control. Now that sounds weird to us. We're like,

00:47:28.400 no, these are things that humans created. Right. But it's, but he says, no, this is actually like

00:47:32.880 the first artificial intelligence, or we could call it a hyper agent. If you prefer, uh, these are

00:47:39.120 non-human entities that may have been originally created for human ends in the same way that nuclear

00:47:45.280 reactor was, but eventually escape the control, the use that humans had for them. And once that

00:47:52.160 intelligence is no longer having a limiter put on it, once that cybernetic feedback loop is completely

00:47:57.520 closed and has no way for any kind of thermostat to stop the reaction, any kind of reactor to stop

00:48:04.320 what's going on, then it will just continue to build and grow. Things will become more and more

00:48:09.280 inhuman. And that's what we're seeing with these globalist organizations, cultural aspects that were

00:48:14.400 once mediated by organic social institutions are de-territorialized and re-territorialized

00:48:20.640 into the market. Now in glue, uh, in Deleuze and Guattari, they initially give this, uh,

00:48:25.120 role to the tyrant, right? Uh, the, the conqueror, the conqueror comes in to a civilization and says,

00:48:31.120 Hey, uh, we see the way you're doing things, but it, we can't trade with you, uh, this way.

00:48:36.480 You're not producing properly. Uh, you're not serving our needs. And so we need to pick up these

00:48:42.080 different aspects of your culture, the things that were deeply territorialized, that were deeply

00:48:47.040 grounded inside your cultural Dasein, your understanding, your way of being. We need to

00:48:52.480 tear these up and we need to build them in a way that serves us right now. This isn't one,

00:48:58.560 the one, I think they overstate this, uh, but I'm not going to nitpick the entirety of this.

00:49:02.560 I think wise rulers recognize that leaving most of their cultures that they conquered intact was

00:49:07.680 actually best, uh, because it allowed people to produce, uh, in a way that was natural to them.

00:49:12.960 And that actually helped like, um, you know, guys like Alexander, the great realized that

00:49:17.040 ultimately you wanted to like, uh, let people more, you wanted to put your guy in charge.

00:49:21.920 Like you ultimately wanted to have veto power, but you wanted them to run things. Same thing

00:49:25.760 with the Roman empire, right? That sometimes they took total control, but more often than that,

00:49:29.680 they create like a vassal state, right? They created the satrapy and they put someone who was loyal to

00:49:35.120 them in charge, but they had like some connection to the cultural bloodline and they still let people

00:49:41.440 live lives the way that they live them. We don't do that as much today, right? We we're saying, no,

00:49:47.200 you can't, uh, if you want to be attached to our global protection system, you want to be part of

00:49:51.840 NATO. You want to be a part of our banking system. You want to be part of all of these systems that we

00:49:57.200 have. You need to rip up more and more of your culture and make yourself more and more, uh, akin to 1.00

00:50:03.440 the system, right? You have to become less and less specific and human, and you have to become more

00:50:08.080 and more general and in human in order to kind of attach yourselves to the system that allows for

00:50:13.680 massive scale and massive scale has such an incredible power has such incredible advantage

00:50:19.680 that it actually allows you to do more. You're going to conquer anybody who kind of stands against

00:50:24.960 it. But in the process, you're also ripping up all of these things that made people human,

00:50:29.120 made people happy, made people part of specific cultures and peoples. The markets seek to remove

00:50:35.360 all negative feedback and create an even tighter auto-productive loop, which accelerates

00:50:40.560 de-territorialization. Now, again, I'm speaking specifically in the market because that's where

00:50:44.880 they focus here, but we can see this across many different cultural domains. It's not just financial

00:50:50.000 production, but that's what they focus on, uh, in their, uh, in their formulation. But we can

00:50:56.000 understand that this can apply across all kinds of different domains over and over again. We see,

00:51:01.040 you know, the, the, uh, the different aspects of human life get pulled out of their kind of

00:51:06.000 more traditional limiting structures and tied in any of these consumptive behaviors into these

00:51:11.680 auto-productive feedback loops that will accelerate the de-territorialization process. Now,

00:51:17.840 Nick Land also sees that chaos can be one of the most important ways in which you actually create

00:51:26.160 more order. So he thinks that higher order can actually be created from more intense chaos. For

00:51:31.200 instance, war is a situation in which we tend to make most of our advancements, right? Why do we get

00:51:38.400 a higher degree of social organization in, uh, World War II? Why is every state between World War I

00:51:45.920 racing to become more centralized, right? The managerial revolution, I've talked about so

00:51:49.760 much on this channel. It's the first time on this channel. I'm sorry. I'm assigning you like

00:51:52.800 all the homework, but if you've been here before, you know about the managerial revolution,

00:51:56.800 you know that James Burnham is talking about it. It takes place between World War I and World War II.

00:52:01.840 Why is every country, whether it's a Western liberal democracy under, you know, someone like FDR,

00:52:07.760 uh, communism under Stalin or national socialism under Hitler, why are they all looking simultaneously

00:52:14.640 to centralize power, make five-year plans, create this production? Like, why are they doing that

00:52:20.800 simultaneously? And the answer is that war is creating this necessity, right? They look at what

00:52:27.280 happens in World War I and they realize war has changed significantly. War has changed radically.

00:52:32.880 The mechanization, the production of scale, the industrialization has radically changed what we're

00:52:40.000 doing. At the beginning of World War I, they're fighting on horses with, with soft caps, right?

00:52:44.960 At the end of World War I, they're going through trenches with a machine gun fire and we start

00:52:49.360 seeing tanks and all this stuff. Why are they, why do they have to centralize everything? Because they

00:52:55.520 know that technology has radically changed. We have to create higher levels of social order,

00:53:00.640 which means we need to centralize power, which means we need all of these, uh, processes we're

00:53:06.560 talking about war creates the need to innovate. It makes us far more likely to create this dynamic

00:53:12.080 order. And so for land war is one of these things that creates chaos, right? We have more and more

00:53:18.320 chaos, but that frees up more and more energy and more and more opportunity for extra be higher orders

00:53:24.800 of civilizations. Right. And this is something that we see over and over again, whenever there's a radical

00:53:29.760 shift in the dynamic of technology, it's usually come because there's some kind of major disruption

00:53:35.680 in the world. There's some kind of a loss of order increase in chaos that requires higher levels of

00:53:41.600 order to be created. So this is the connection that Nick land sees between intelligence and time and

00:53:51.440 extra be right at each step. We see a way that, uh, time, which is for land, this loss, uh, this extra

00:54:00.400 or entropy, this, uh, reduction in order gets reversed through extra P and we see these,

00:54:07.280 this recurring need to create more and more order in more and more chaos. And so that is the link that

00:54:13.280 he sees between the, uh, the, this dissipation of order and the creation of order and the role that

00:54:19.600 intelligence plays inside of it. Now this has all kind of different implications. Uh, again, I've talked

00:54:26.960 about these in several different places. If you want to look at the different streams we've done

00:54:30.640 on Nick land, but I wanted to go back and give this specific talk because this is kind of a missing link

00:54:35.600 in the chain of things I've kind of explained about land's understanding. And I wanted to have this as

00:54:40.560 part of kind of the, the wider picture so that we could all grasp the role that this plays in his work.

00:54:46.560 All right, guys, we're going to go ahead and wrap this up. Let me see if there's any questions

00:54:50.160 from the people real quick here. Doesn't look like that's the case. All right. So we'll go ahead

00:54:55.760 and end here, but I want to thank everybody for watching as always, if this is your first time

00:55:01.840 on the channel, you need to go ahead and subscribe, click the bell notifications. So you know when the

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00:55:17.920 it helps with the algorithm. And if you would like to pick up something for your loved ones for

00:55:22.480 Christmas, who liked the show, there's my book, the total state. And of course there's a new merch

00:55:27.280 in the merch store. You can go to shopblaze.com and pick up a gift for someone in your life who

00:55:31.680 enjoys the show. Thank you everybody for watching. And as always, I will talk to you next time.

The Auron MacIntyre Show - December 16, 2024

Nick Land on Entropy and the Nature of Time ｜ 12⧸16⧸24

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