00:00:24.000Hey everybody, today on the Charlie Kirk show, we go to the entire hour, Clarence Thomas, who issues a scathing rebuke against the tech companies and offers some hope of how we can challenge them.
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00:02:34.000Came out and set the record straight when it comes to big tech and the massive tech oligarchs running our country.
00:02:44.000I'm reading from the New York Post, quote, on Monday, Justice Clarence Thomas announced that the Supreme Court soon will have to put an end to big tech tyranny.
00:02:54.000If the high court fails to act, it could mean the end of free speech in the 21st century.
00:02:59.000And as he puts it, relegating free speech rights to just simple paper rights.
00:03:07.000Clarence Thomas came out and eloquently and said, quote, one person controls Facebook and just two control Google.
00:03:17.000Three people, in other words, have the power to disappear any of us from the digital public square, even a commander-in-chief.
00:03:27.000The Supreme Court, Justice Clarence Thomas, argues, must rein in this unaccountable tyranny.
00:03:37.000So before I go any further, I feel like I'm reading from a podcast script as if Justice Thomas has been listening to what we've been saying.
00:03:44.000So we've been making this argument for the last couple of years, and I'm beyond thrilled to see the United States Supreme Court, at least one person of the nine on the Supreme Court, speak this language.
00:03:57.000But this is bigger than I think most people realize because Justice Clarence Thomas is not quick to say that we should use government against a quote-unquote private company.
00:04:11.000That's the argument that the big tech companies use when they fund a lot of the libertarian think tanks, or these libertarian think tanks then push out their white papers saying we should never touch Google, never touch Facebook, never touch Twitter because they're allegedly private companies.
00:04:34.000Now, we've gone through why that's not the case in great detail.
00:04:37.000If you drive from Gary, Indiana to Chicago, you will probably drive on the Chicago Skyway.
00:04:43.000And the Chicago Skyway is a private highway.
00:04:50.000It is against the law for the owners of that private partnership to say you are not allowed to ride or drive on our highway based on your ideological views.
00:05:00.000It has to be for everyone accessible to anyone that has a car.
00:05:05.000That's an interstate highway, and tech companies are information highways.
00:05:12.000Since they are information highways, we must understand that the purpose of these tech companies should be to have the most amount of access and speech.
00:05:27.000So Clarence Thomas coming out is a big deal in the fight against big tech for a variety of reasons.
00:05:39.000Number one, other judges and lawyers that want to become judges across the country on the state, local, county, and federal level that are in the originalist tradition take what Clarence Thomas says very seriously.
00:05:58.000That's Clarence Thomas comes out less as a judge in this opinion and more as a scholar.
00:06:04.000It's almost like in the political world, when Donald Trump or Tucker Carlson says something, we all listen carefully.
00:06:12.000When they say something new or they are trying to set a trend, that's a big deal for us.
00:06:18.000You have to understand in the legal community, looking up to Supreme Court justices for guidance is not just normal.
00:07:05.000That no person should be able to be ruled over without that term that pops itself up all over the Constitution and in the Federalist papers, consent of the governed.
00:07:19.000It comes from a belief of negative rights, not positive rights.
00:07:25.000Negative rights are that who you are naturally, government can't take away from you unless you did something to warrant the sacrificing or the removal of those rights.
00:07:40.000Your right to speech, your right to consciousness, your right to own property, your right to take risk, your right to travel, your right to express your beliefs.
00:07:57.000In the Declaration of Independence, it says very clearly that the social contract or the social compact that we have from the Lockean tradition is one that governments and the role of government exists to protect and secure those rights, not administer them.
00:08:18.000You asked Jean-Jacques Rousseau, who is also a social contract theorist, literally wrote a book on the social contract.
00:08:28.000Thomas Hobbes was the other social contract theorist who came to the wrong conclusion, but the right observation when it came to human behavior.
00:08:38.000Rousseau would say that government is the administer of these rights, that government exists to tell you what you can and cannot do.
00:08:49.000Whereas those of us that are conservatives or Americans, pro-American, I should say, we would say, no, no, no, we tell the government what they can and cannot do.
00:08:58.000They take orders from us, that no one has a right to rule another.
00:09:03.000That is a moral claim that is made repeatedly in our founding documents.
00:09:10.000That is a moral claim that the founding fathers worked very hard to get their words right on.
00:09:22.000So Clarence Thomas is a believer in the natural rights doctrine.
00:09:27.000Now, natural rights doctrine has fallen out of favor in almost every single academic circle across the country.
00:09:35.000They believe that it's not God that administers your rights.
00:09:40.000That God is a questionable proposition at best.
00:09:43.000Instead, they believe that a central ruling authority, the state, is why you're even able to exist in the first place.
00:09:55.000They would believe in a John Rawls veil of ignorance approach to anything we would consider rights.
00:10:07.000So Clarence Thomas comes from that tradition, and I could do an entire podcast just on natural rights, where they come from, why it's so important, how we take it for granted.
00:10:21.000But to tie it back to this news story, and we're going to explore this throughout the hour together, Clarence Thomas saying this, coming from a position that government must be used sparingly and rarely, is a big deal, and it spells trouble for these tech companies.
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00:12:23.000Clarence Thomas coming out and arguing from a natural rights doctrine that we must, quote, reign in the tech companies should be a warning shot to the big tech oligarchs.
00:12:35.000The oligarchs are deciding to ignore more than half the country in their anxiety around this issue.
00:12:55.000That parents giving children smartphones spells the end of their humanity and the beginning of their cyborg age and era.
00:13:06.000I'm more and more convinced that these tech companies act as predators with young people and students across America.
00:13:17.000So this was an opinion that was issued by Thomas, Clarence Thomas, the great Clarence Thomas, who, by the way, is not in the Black History Museum.
00:13:34.000Clarence Thomas writes: When a person publishes a message on the social media platform Twitter, the platform by default enables others to retweet the message or reply.
00:13:47.000The user who generates the original message can manually block others from republishing or responding.
00:13:55.000Donald Trump, the president of the United States, blocked several users.
00:13:58.000They sued, and the second court held that the comment threads were a, quote, public forum, and that the president violated the First Amendment.
00:14:08.000You see, Clarence Thomas is so smart here.
00:14:25.000He continues by saying the disparity between Twitter's control and Mr. Trump's control is stark, to say the least.
00:14:31.000Mr. Trump blocked several people from interacting with his messages.
00:14:35.000Twitter barred Mr. Trump from not only interacting with a few users, but removed him from the entire platform, thus barring all the other users from interacting with his messages.
00:14:45.000Under its own terms of service, Twitter can remove any person from its platform, including the president, at any time for any reason, according to Twitter Incorporated user agreement.
00:14:56.000This is not the first time or the only case used to raise issues about digital platforms.
00:15:02.000And Clarence Thomas goes and mentions a bunch of them.
00:15:07.000So the entire argument that Clarence Thomas makes surrounds on the issue, I should say it focuses on the issue of Donald Trump not having access to his Twitter account and how it actually happened.
00:15:19.000He continues by saying, if part of the problem is a private company, concentrated control over online content and platforms available to the public, then part of the solution may be found in doctrines that limit the right of a private company to exclude.
00:15:33.000Historically, at least, two legal doctrines limited a company's right to exclude.
00:15:40.000First, our legal system and its British predecessor have long subjected certain businesses known as common carriers to special regulations.
00:15:49.000And he goes after 230 with great eloquence.
00:15:54.000He continues by saying, the other one is if the good serves the, quote, public interest.
00:16:02.000And he says, at this point, a company's property is, quote, not its own, but its instrument and the means of rendering the service which has become that of a public interest.
00:16:16.000And he's, of course, not in the black history museum because he is not sufficiently black, because he's a free thinking, constitutional-loving conservative.
00:16:24.000And to the left, that deserves no platform whatsoever.
00:16:28.000And you want to talk about someone that every young black person should know about and aim to become?
00:16:34.000It's Clarence Thomas on the Supreme Court, a courageous, clear-thinking man who grew up in absolute poverty and rose all the way to the United States Supreme Court.
00:16:47.000Clarence Thomas authored an amazing response to the tech companies, saying that it is time to regulate them because of the natural rights doctrine.
00:16:58.000So I mentioned earlier, this is a big deal, and I've made this argument.
00:17:01.000I'm so pleased to see Clarence Thomas make it, is that we do not want to break up the tech companies because we lust for government takeovers.
00:17:10.000We want to regulate them and break them up because we care about natural rights, because we care about free speech, because we care about God-granted liberties that are being violated by these despots in Silicon Valley.
00:17:26.000Continues by saying, internet platforms, of course, have their own First Amendment interests, but regulations that might affect speech are valid if they would have been permissible at the time of the founding.
00:17:37.000See United States versus Stevens in 2010.
00:17:41.000The long history in this country and in England of restricting the exclusion right of common carriers and places of public accommodation may save similar regulations today from triggering heightened scrutiny, especially where a restriction would not prohibit the company from speaking or force the company to endorse the speech.
00:18:00.000Clarence Thomas continues by saying, in many ways, digital platforms that hold themselves out to be public resemble traditional common carriers.
00:18:11.000Though digital instead of physical, they are at the bottom communication networks and they carry information from one user to the other.
00:18:18.000Let me just stop here and explain what he's talking about here.
00:18:22.000Clarence Thomas is basically saying Facebook and Twitter, they don't create any content of their own.
00:18:27.000They're starting to get into the content creation business, but almost everything on their platform is carrying one piece of information from person A to person B. What a brilliant argument.
00:18:40.000Quite honestly, I didn't think about this.
00:18:43.000Clarence Thomas is saying, this is not a media company.
00:18:46.000This is not a company that is producing new thoughts and new ideas.
00:18:52.000They're not a company that has massive investments in production.
00:18:57.000They're not a company like Fox News or the Charlie Kirk Show or Washington Post, where they have infrastructure that thinks of what to say and how to say it, guests and perspectives.
00:19:15.000They just get one thing from one place to the other.
00:19:18.000It's a valuable service, but they're not actually in the content creation business.
00:19:24.000That's a really important distinction.
00:19:26.000And when they are, YouTube is just funding other people's shows.
00:19:29.000And I think that would be the only exception to what I just said.
00:19:31.000And that's a new development because I think those tech companies are trying to anticipate the response to them.
00:19:37.000Clarence Thomas continues by saying, a traditional telephone company laid physical wires to create a network connecting people.
00:19:46.000Digital platforms lay information infrastructure that can be controlled in much the same way.
00:19:51.000And unlike newspapers, Clarence Thomas argues, digital platforms hold themselves out as organizations that focus on distributing the speech of the broader public.
00:20:02.000Federal law dictates that companies cannot, quote, be treated as the publisher or speaker of information that they merely distribute.
00:20:13.000And he cites the code in the criminal code.
00:20:17.000The analogy to common carriers is even clearer for digital platforms that have dominant market share.
00:20:25.000This is a very detailed piece, by the way.
00:20:29.000I am going to reinforce for the third or fourth time how big of a deal this is.
00:20:33.000This is a Supreme Court justice that just takes out his sword and starts waving it and saying, We're coming after you, tech companies.
00:20:41.000And it's thoughtful and it's detailed and it's nuanced and it's philosophically and morally sound.
00:20:49.000Continues by saying, The internet, of course, is a network, but these digital platforms are networks within that network.
00:20:56.000The Facebook suite of apps is valuable largely because 3 billion people use it.
00:21:05.000Google search, at least 90% of the market share, is valuable relative to other search engines because more people use it, creating data that Google's algorithm uses to refine and improve search results.
00:21:20.000These network effects entrench these companies.
00:21:23.000Ordinarily, the astronomical profit margins of these platforms last year, Google brought in $182.5 billion total and $40 billion in total net income or profit, which would induce new entrants into the market.
00:21:41.000These companies have no comparable competitors and highlight that the industries may have substantial barriers to entry.
00:21:47.000I mentioned this earlier, but we're getting actually into the Supreme Court.gov statement here.
00:21:54.000Where Clarence Thomas says very clearly, Google brought in $182.5 billion, which is larger than the GDP of several Eastern European countries.
00:22:19.000And only someone like Justice Thomas or Anthony and Scalia could pull this off.
00:22:24.000He's making an argument that we would make against limiting government, against limiting private corporations.
00:22:32.000He's making an argument without the reader really realizing it.
00:22:36.000That if you hate tyranny and you believe in the moral claim of the consent of the governed, of which are all claims that are made in the U.S. Constitution and Declaration, people say all the time, Charlie, what is the Declaration about?
00:22:47.000What was the revolutionary war about taxes?
00:23:21.000And Clarence Thomas is brilliantly and legally challenging their oligopoly using language that appeals to those of us that love natural rights because Clarence Thomas is sending a public memo to other judges across the country and other legal scholars across the country.
00:24:05.000Where his former clerks who've become partners at law firms and his former clerks that have become judges, they're reading this saying, wow, I didn't think about that.
00:24:14.000You see, what Justice Thomas is doing here is he's moving the Overton window.
00:24:20.000He's moving the window saying, if you love liberty, you must break up these companies.
00:24:26.000That argument is not being made enough.
00:24:30.000Instead, the argument is they're too big, too powerful.
00:24:35.000And I actually sympathize with that more and more.
00:24:38.000But you're not going to win over most judges that went through rigorous, intense, and detailed constitutional law, courses, classes, and clerkships on just an argument on economic monopolization.
00:24:58.000So Clarence Thomas is trying to start not just a movement, but some positive progress in the legal community to say, prove me wrong.
00:25:11.000Clarence Thomas continues by saying, to be sure, much activity on the internet derives value from network effects, but dominant digital platforms are different.
00:25:22.000Unlike decentralized digital spheres, such as email protocol, control of these networks is highly concentrated.
00:25:30.000Although both companies are public, one person controls Facebook and just two people control Google, as I mentioned earlier.
00:25:36.000No small group of people control email.
00:25:40.000He continues by saying, much like with a communications utility, this concentration gives some digital platforms enormous control over speech.
00:25:51.000When a user does not already know exactly where to find something on the internet and users rarely do, Google is the gatekeeper between that user and the speech of others 90% of the time.
00:26:04.000It can suppress content by de-indexing or downlisting a search result or by steering users away from certain content by manually altering autocomplete results.
00:26:18.000That's the argument we use against despotic government all the time.
00:26:25.000And why I am cheering Clarence Thomas in this is this is the winning argument.
00:26:33.000People do not like totalitarian impulses, whether it be in private companies or public companies.
00:26:42.000Clarence Thomas is not being shy and basically saying to anyone that cares to listen, if you believe in the greatest political document ever written in the United States Constitution, with the first couple words, we the people, and you believe in the consent of the governed, then you better get on the program right now to challenge and break these up.
00:27:06.000As if he was reading or listening to the Charlie Kirk show and I, I don't know, maybe he listens, who knows?
00:27:14.000I would be stunned, but it would be kind of fun because he says this.
00:27:17.000It changes nothing that these platforms are not the sole means of distributing speech or information.
00:27:23.000A person could always avoid the toll bridge or train and instead swim the Charles River or hike the Oregon Trail.
00:27:29.000But in assessing whether a company exercises substantial market power, what matters is whether the alternatives are comparable.
00:27:37.000For many of today's digital platforms, nothing is.
00:28:11.000There's only two ways to govern people: by force or by speaking and persuasion.
00:28:17.000When people do not have a right to speak, then it will resort to force, which in and of itself we know does not end well.
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00:28:38.000You have computers with access to rockauto.com, so why allow yourself to be intimidated by the people that run the auto part stores?
00:28:46.000One reason to repair and maintain your cars is to save money that you can then use for other important things like the mortgage or food.
00:28:52.000Why would you choose to spend 30, 50, or 100% more on the exact same auto parts at a chain store or new car dealership?
00:28:58.000Chain stores have different price tiers for professional mechanics and do-it-yourselfers.
00:29:02.000Rockauto.com's prices are the same for everybody, and they're reliably low.
00:29:07.000Rockauto.com always offers the lowest prices possible rather than changing prices based on what the market will bear.
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00:29:17.000Go to rockauto.com to shop for auto and body parts from hundreds of manufacturers.
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00:29:31.000Go to rockauto.com right now and see the parts available for your car or truck.
00:29:46.000Justice Thomas continues: if the analogy between common carriers and digital platforms is correct, then an answer may arise for dissatisfied platform users who would appreciate not being blocked.
00:30:00.000Laws that restrict the platform's right to exclude.
00:30:04.000When a platform's unilateral control is reduced, a government official's account begins to better resemble a quote government-controlled space.
00:30:14.000It continues by saying common carrier regulations, although they directly restrain private companies, thus may have an indirect effect on subjecting government officials to suits or lawsuits, basically saying, that would otherwise not be cognizable under our public forum jurisprudence.
00:30:37.000Clarence Thomas continues by saying, This analysis may help explain the circuit court's intuition that part of Mr. Trump's Twitter account was a public forum.
00:30:50.000First, if market power is a predicate for common carriers, as some scholars suggest, nothing in the record, that's right, nothing in the record evaluates Twitter's market power.
00:31:03.000Second, and more problematic, neither the Second Circuit nor respondents have identified any regulation that restricts Twitter from removing an account that would otherwise be, quote, government-controlled space.
00:31:16.000Clarence Thomas finishes near the end: once again, a doctrine such as public accommodation that reduces the power of a platform to unilaterally remove a government account might strengthen the argument that an account is truly government-controlled and creates a public forum.
00:31:33.000The question facing the courts below involved only whether a government actor violated the First Amendment by blocking another Twitter user.
00:31:42.000That issue turns, at least to some degree, on ownership and the right to exclude.
00:31:47.000As Twitter made clear, the right to cut off speech lies most powerfully in the hands of private digital platforms.
00:31:52.000The extent to that which power matters for the purpose of the First Amendment and the extent to which that power could lawfully be modified raise interesting and important questions.
00:32:02.000And he finishes by saying this particular petition, because he kind of meandered from it, offers no opportunity to confront them.
00:32:12.000If we do not challenge these tech companies properly through every means that we have at our disposal, there will be no speech as we know it in our country.
00:32:22.000Clarence Thomas, an originalist and a textualist, is now leading the charge legally against these companies that engage in surveillance capitalism where you are not the user, you are the product.
00:32:35.000Only addictive drugs and social media companies call the people that use their products users, not customers.
00:32:44.000Maybe because they're highly addictive.
00:32:46.000Maybe because they're not good for you.
00:32:49.000When a company controls 92% of all the volume of search results in a country, what's to say they will not use that power and abuse that power?
00:32:59.000We do not accept the premise that a president should be unchecked, that a Supreme Court justice can be unchecked, they can be impeached and removed.
00:33:09.000A member of Congress is up for election.
00:33:27.000To try and protect Sergey Brin's $100 billion?
00:33:31.000If you have a really good idea that dares question them, or if all of a sudden you come out with a story that they don't like, like the New York Post Hunter Biden story, and you're not able to spread that story or communicate about that story, how is that not a direct and clear violation of the moral right to hear and receive information?
00:33:53.000Where we are headed is a Soviet-style totalitarianism, a soft totalitarianism that controls the circuits of all the information in our country.
00:34:01.000And Clarence Thomas is realizing that the threat to speech in our country is not only coming from the federal government, it's coming from once called private companies that are public forums, that are content carriers.
00:34:16.000They simply connect the dots from one to the other, from point A to point B.
00:34:23.000They don't come up with their own content.
00:34:25.000They're simply drawing a line from one to the other.
00:34:50.000And we have to follow the great Clarence Thomas' lead: that if you love liberty, it's time to end our love affair with the tech companies who hate our country.
00:35:02.000Thanks so much for listening, everybody.
00:35:04.000If you want to email us, go to freedom at charliekirk.com to do so.
00:35:07.000And again, if you want to support us and our mission to reach millions of young people, go to charliekirk.com/slash support.