The Glenn Beck Program - Ep 1 ｜ Control Freaks： The 'Scientific' Roots of Progressive Tyranny ｜ History Pilot

00:00:00.000 This podcast is going to try to give you honest history, the good, the bad, the ugly, without

00:00:10.080 an agenda, just the truth of how we got here.

00:00:14.800 How did this happen?

00:00:17.320 American pilgrims came over not just because they wanted to worship God the way they saw

00:00:23.220 God.

00:00:24.720 They were also escaping a tyrant.

00:00:27.280 A tyrant that was an expert appointed by God.

00:00:34.200 That's why William Tinsdale was burned at the stake.

00:00:37.920 He just felt that you shouldn't have to go to a priest that worked for the king to read

00:00:44.860 the Bible or actually stand there while someone told you what it said.

00:00:51.480 Tinsdale believed you had the right to read it yourself and to discover it yourself.

00:00:57.280 And apply it yourself without the priesthood, the expert, the guy that could read Latin.

00:01:04.520 How many times lately have you heard, well, do you have a doctorate in that?

00:01:11.500 Oh, are you an expert?

00:01:13.680 Oh, you must be a scientist.

00:01:16.840 No, I'm not any of those things.

00:01:19.600 I am somebody who's a reasonable thinking American.

00:01:23.440 I have a right to question, and I also have a responsibility to be involved in all of the

00:01:31.240 decisions that now seem to be being made for me.

00:01:36.420 So how did we get here?

00:01:38.680 How many times in the past few years have you heard some version of this?

00:01:45.320 Health experts say your time might be running out.

00:01:48.440 Experts say it's happening.

00:01:49.860 Well, experts.

00:01:50.660 Health experts say.

00:01:51.740 Some experts.

00:01:52.620 Experts follow the science.

00:01:54.300 Follow the science.

00:01:55.480 Be driven by science.

00:01:57.060 Listen to the scientists.

00:01:58.680 But if we now have access to so many experts and so much science, why is it that everything

00:02:07.720 seems to be breaking down and basic common sense is gone?

00:02:13.040 Answer?

00:02:15.160 Expertise killed it.

00:02:16.800 Every day now, decisions are being made by a class of experts that have a direct bearing

00:02:23.100 on your life and the future of not only your nation, but the world, and no one is asking

00:02:29.380 you about any of it.

00:02:31.720 As the world learned in 2020, expertise untethered from humanity and combined with a cult-like devotion

00:02:39.680 to the science, end quote, can have disastrous, far-reaching consequences.

00:02:46.800 But again, how did we get to this point?

00:02:49.560 That's the journey I want to take you on this season.

00:02:52.600 How the experts rose to such power.

00:02:56.020 How they wielded that power.

00:02:58.400 And how America is now struggling with the fallout.

00:03:10.660 Our story begins with Louise Marie Taylor.

00:03:13.760 She had traveled all over Europe numerous times, but she had never seen a lavish spectacle quite

00:03:20.140 like the one that greeted her in Rome in 1927.

00:03:24.800 Lou, as her family called her, was in Rome for the Third International Management Congress.

00:03:31.200 The pageantry and the crowds surrounding the conference demonstrated the power of her late 0.77

00:03:36.820 husband's legacy, Frederick W. Taylor.

00:03:39.780 He'd been dead now for 12 years, but he was a legend in the field known then as scientific

00:03:47.420 management, a field that he basically invented in more ways than one.

00:03:55.740 Frederick Taylor's most famous book called The Principles of Scientific Management was first

00:04:01.160 translated into Italian in 1915, the year Taylor died.

00:04:06.240 Just 11 years later, Italian bureaucrats were so taken with Taylor's principles that they

00:04:13.000 created a government agency to promote scientific management.

00:04:18.020 At the closing ceremony of the conference, banners, flags, soldiers all provided a regal atmosphere

00:04:24.280 in the Italian Senate chamber.

00:04:27.460 Lou was moved when a photo of Frederick, her husband, was projected on a big screen.

00:04:31.840 Then the leader of the conference rose to speak and gave a full-throated endorsement of scientific

00:04:39.280 management, and the crowd roared with approval.

00:04:43.520 After the closing ceremony, Lou received a special invitation from the revered conference

00:04:49.140 leader to his private office.

00:04:51.200 He was eager to present Lou with a photo of himself in exchange for a photo of her husband,

00:04:57.300 Frederick Taylor, whom he said was a great man and had revolutionized management.

00:05:04.660 Lou thanked the man, who happened to be a little bit more than just the Italian leader

00:05:09.640 of the management conference.

00:05:12.200 In fact, he was the new leader of everything in Italy.

00:05:17.640 He was Benito Mussolini.

00:05:20.680 When you learned about the progressive era in history class, it probably went something

00:05:45.860 like this.

00:05:47.340 The progressives are big-hearted heroes who cared for the common man.

00:05:51.600 They used government to fight for the poor, for children, for women, and immigrants, battling 0.99

00:05:56.480 all the terrible things that they had suffered at the hands of evil industrial capitalists.

00:06:02.720 Right?

00:06:03.660 This reform obsession that came to be known as progressivism was not an overnight sensation.

00:06:10.340 It was a slow burn, roughly the 1890s to the end of World War I in 1918, and some of the

00:06:18.220 reforms that progressives brought about were good things, like basic safety and sanitary

00:06:23.160 standards for America's food and drugs.

00:06:26.220 No one's going around today saying, gee, I wish we still had kindergartners working on

00:06:31.160 the factory floor.

00:06:32.120 But overall, America's history textbooks don't tell you the whole story about progressivism

00:06:40.060 or, frankly, anything.

00:06:42.260 They fail to mention how a cult of expertise developed among progressives and how these experts

00:06:49.440 took a sledgehammer to our constitutional system of government.

00:06:53.940 And we're still feeling the effects today.

00:06:56.680 In 1856, Frederick Winslow Taylor was born into a wealthy family in Philadelphia.

00:07:05.060 When he was 12, he spent three years touring around Europe with his family at a time when

00:07:10.320 no one outside of the wealthiest Americans did such a thing.

00:07:15.020 When he was 16, Taylor attended Phillips Exeter Academy in New Hampshire, an elite boarding school

00:07:21.040 for America's wealthy young men.

00:07:22.700 Two years later, he passed the Harvard Entrance Exam with honors, then horrified his parents

00:07:29.340 by deciding not to attend Harvard.

00:07:32.640 He hung out at his parents' Philadelphia mansion for several months until his father finally

00:07:37.960 helped Taylor get an apprenticeship at a machine shop called the Enterprise Hydraulic Works.

00:07:45.340 There, Taylor learned to cuss like a commoner and work with his hands.

00:07:50.000 He had a genuine knack for engineering and design.

00:07:53.380 In fact, he eventually owned several patents, including tennis racket and golf club designs.

00:08:00.860 Taylor would always use his apprenticeship as a badge of honor.

00:08:04.440 Having rubbed shoulders with the common folk gave him some sort of street cred.

00:08:09.820 But Taylor was always an elite.

00:08:12.680 He never shed that part of himself.

00:08:14.720 And the major difference between he and the regular men that he apprenticed under was that

00:08:20.000 ultimately, he didn't need the job.

00:08:22.880 He had a safety net.

00:08:24.940 After his apprenticeship, he pleased his parents by completing an engineering degree from Stevens

00:08:30.600 Institute of Technology in New Jersey.

00:08:33.500 He then got a job at Millvale Steel Company in Philadelphia.

00:08:36.940 And it was there that he discovered the knack that would make him famous.

00:08:42.200 The knack for telling people how to do their jobs better.

00:08:47.320 At Midville, Taylor observed inefficiencies through the company, including what he believed

00:08:53.220 to be employees working slowly on purpose.

00:08:57.360 Taylor soon fell in love with the stopwatch and then began doing time studies each step of

00:09:03.120 the manufacturing process.

00:09:04.540 He then corrected the workers, dictating the best technique that they should follow in

00:09:09.760 performing their job.

00:09:11.620 Oh, he must have been mighty popular.

00:09:15.140 Detailed performance standards were put in place for all of the areas of the operation.

00:09:20.440 He moved equipment around and meticulously streamlined everything.

00:09:25.100 Through these efficiency audits, he was able to enhance a company's productivity and cut

00:09:29.780 costs.

00:09:30.380 He essentially invented management consulting.

00:09:34.540 Here's how historian Jill Lepore described what Taylor did.

00:09:39.320 Quote,

00:09:39.760 He'd get himself hired by some business, spend a while watching people work, stopwatch and

00:09:44.880 slide rule in hand, write a report telling them how to do their work faster, and then submit

00:09:50.260 an astronomical bill for his services.

00:09:53.080 End quote.

00:09:54.100 He called it science.

00:09:56.260 And since no one had really done it before, no one really argued with him about how scientific

00:10:02.480 it actually was.

00:10:04.400 His favorite example, which he talked about in his book and countless lectures, was his

00:10:10.140 1899 pig iron study at Bethlehem Steel Company in Pennsylvania.

00:10:15.820 Pig iron was part of the steelmaking process in which iron ore was smelted and then poured into

00:10:21.880 molds.

00:10:22.880 When the iron cooled, you can have individual planks of iron that were later used as raw material

00:10:28.660 for producing steel.

00:10:31.040 Taylor loved to tell the story about how his efficiency science got a man named Henry Knoll,

00:10:36.660 who he referred to as Schmidt in his book, to work harder than everyone else when it came

00:10:42.940 to the job of moving pig iron.

00:10:45.460 The legend, as Taylor always told it, was that he got Henry Knoll to prove that a man could

00:10:51.100 move 47 and a half tons of pig iron per day instead of 12 and a half tons.

00:10:57.840 How did Taylor's science come up with 47 and a half tons as the standard?

00:11:03.080 Well, he picked 10 men.

00:11:04.940 He challenged them to load 16 and a half tons as fast as they could.

00:11:09.240 They did it in 14 minutes.

00:11:12.480 So, at that rate, over a 10-hour day, that equaled about 71 tons per man.

00:11:19.100 But then he knocked that number down to 47 and a half tons based on his guesstimate of

00:11:25.120 what he called the law of heavy laboring.

00:11:28.480 But only Henry Knoll was ever able to get close to 47 and a half tons per day.

00:11:34.700 And he certainly didn't reach the number every day.

00:11:39.640 Was that really science?

00:11:42.220 Well, apparently it was, if you just kept saying science over and over.

00:11:46.820 And if you saved your client some money in the process.

00:11:51.360 You can really see Taylor's elitism shining through as he discusses the pig iron job in

00:11:57.140 his book.

00:11:57.620 This work is so crude and elementary in its nature that the writer firmly believes that

00:12:06.040 it would be possible to train an intelligent gorilla so as to become a more efficient pig

00:12:12.040 iron handler than any man can be.

00:12:15.060 Yet it will be shown that the science of handling pig iron is so great and amounts to so much

00:12:21.360 that it is impossible for the man who is best suited to this type of work to understand

00:12:27.040 the principles of this science or even to work in accordance with these principles without

00:12:32.260 the aid of a man better educated than he is.

00:12:36.180 Unfortunately, he goes on.

00:12:38.720 Quote,

00:12:39.060 Now, one of the very first requirements for a man who is fit to handle pig iron as a regular

00:12:44.980 occupation is that he shall be so stupid and so phlegmatic that he more nearly resembles 0.81

00:12:51.840 in his mental makeup the ox than any other type.

00:12:56.140 He is so stupid that the word percentage has no meaning to him and he must consequently be

00:13:02.980 trained by a man more intelligent than himself into the habit of working in accordance with him.

00:13:09.060 Here is the progressive hero narrative of experts in action.

00:13:19.920 Poor Schmidt had no chance on his own.

00:13:23.420 But with rules and prodding by expert overseers, he can rise above his station.

00:13:30.860 Taylor's audiences ate up the Schmidt story.

00:13:34.080 Never mind the fact that Taylor described the workers he was supposedly helping

00:13:38.440 as stupid gorillas and oxen. 0.94

00:13:42.140 He was merely doing science.

00:13:45.580 As America would find out, elitism usually goes hand in hand with progressivism.

00:13:52.380 Frederick Taylor considered himself a progressive.

00:13:56.140 But he wasn't much of a political activist during most of his career.

00:14:00.200 Politics and state power were not his passions.

00:14:02.940 Yet, he had basically stumbled onto the holy grail that would make him a hero and a saint

00:14:09.720 to American progressive elite.

00:14:11.960 He synthesized the spirit of the progressive era he lived in.

00:14:16.780 He codified what progressive leaders were instinctively building, but just hadn't branded it yet.

00:14:23.080 It was the idea that we should put experts in charge of all aspects of life.

00:14:29.140 And life would improve for everyone.

00:14:32.400 Taylor said, quote,

00:14:33.840 In our scheme, we do not ask the initiative of our men.

00:14:38.040 We do not want any initiative.

00:14:40.360 All we want of them is to obey the orders we give them, do what we say, and do it quick.

00:14:47.060 Perhaps nothing made Taylor more progressive than the fact he was so in love with his own ideas.

00:14:54.520 In his book, he said scientific management should be applied across all of society.

00:15:00.320 Quote,

00:15:00.640 This would become music to progressive ears.

00:15:25.340 Taylor's concept of scientific management gave PowerMad progressives the perfect label and tool they needed.

00:15:34.260 If you could transform a complex business through careful study and planning and dictated change,

00:15:41.040 imagine what could be done by using those same techniques on government and society.

00:15:47.560 Now, progressivism had a unifying rallying cry.

00:15:52.760 Taylor was the Moses for them.

00:15:55.340 Coming down from the mountain with a new set of commandments and giving them even more justification to take charge.

00:16:03.300 Because now, science was on their side.

00:16:07.500 And you can't argue with science.

00:16:10.260 Progressive leaders took Taylor's concept and married it with political power.

00:16:15.280 But it would take another progressive titan,

00:16:18.600 someone that the left still worships today,

00:16:21.180 to take Taylor's ideas about the importance of experts and make them go viral.

00:16:27.060 A century ago, as we're now learning,

00:16:32.740 we witnessed the dawn of the expert class in this country.

00:16:36.780 The consolidation of power into a few hands was something the founders tried to avoid.

00:16:42.900 But we had progressivism.

00:16:45.200 Woodrow Wilson, he brought it all crashing back into our lives.

00:16:48.720 And in one of the most blatant efforts of all time,

00:16:51.900 trying to stamp out individualism and freedom.

00:16:55.180 We're doing it again.

00:16:56.340 And that means the freedom to have the opportunity to take your destiny in your own hands.

00:17:03.060 It's something that I believe in.

00:17:04.580 And if you're listening to this podcast, I believe you are too.

00:17:06.660 And it's something that Jace Medical believes in as well.

00:17:10.680 They're a proud partner in bringing this together.

00:17:13.380 And I'm happy to have them on board.

00:17:15.080 They understand the way you and I do,

00:17:17.540 that you need to be able to make decisions for yourself and your family.

00:17:20.860 You need to be as self-reliant as possible.

00:17:24.560 And they're providing some of the most vital, life-saving medications.

00:17:28.320 Medications that the experts wouldn't want you to be in charge with.

00:17:32.240 Medicines because of the experts in charge

00:17:34.860 might not be easy to get in the coming months and years.

00:17:38.300 And they'll make sure you're prepared for anything

00:17:40.600 with a year's worth of whatever medicine you have to take every day.

00:17:44.660 I encourage you to check out jacemedical.com

00:17:47.460 and prepare yourself and your family.

00:17:50.400 I'm no expert, but I use Jace Medical.

00:17:56.040 Louis Brandeis.

00:17:57.500 He was one of those guys you didn't want to get into a debate with.

00:18:01.220 You know, kind of like Elon Musk.

00:18:03.200 You're certain to lose.

00:18:05.940 The son of a secular Jewish immigrant from Prague,

00:18:09.360 Brandeis was born in Louisville, Kentucky, and mostly grew up there.

00:18:13.720 He was incredibly smart and ambitious,

00:18:16.560 graduating from Harvard Law School when he was 20 years old,

00:18:19.800 with the highest grades in the school's history at the time.

00:18:23.540 In 1879, Brandeis started a law firm in Boston with a friend from Harvard.

00:18:29.820 And soon their practice was so profitable

00:18:32.720 that Brandeis started taking on select cases for free,

00:18:36.820 cases that furthered his progressive ideals.

00:18:40.420 For Brandeis, that included advancing the idea of rule by experts.

00:18:45.660 This speaks volumes about Brandeis' philosophy.

00:18:50.880 Among his papers,

00:18:52.060 a note was once found that he had written himself which said,

00:18:55.360 quote,

00:18:56.120 Advice client on what he should have,

00:18:59.160 not what he wants.

00:19:01.080 That could practically be the progressive motto.

00:19:04.120 In our history textbooks,

00:19:08.660 a 1908 Supreme Court case,

00:19:10.820 Mueller v. Oregon,

00:19:12.460 is often cited as an example of superhero progressivism at work.

00:19:17.320 Before this case,

00:19:18.400 the Supreme Court had considered it

00:19:20.280 a right of employers and employees

00:19:23.200 to establish a work contract without interference from the state.

00:19:28.420 Brandeis would change that.

00:19:30.120 This case demonstrated Brandeis' passion for rule by experts.

00:19:35.780 He defended the state of Oregon in front of the Supreme Court,

00:19:39.020 packing his brief with over 100 pages of research

00:19:42.800 and supposed science,

00:19:45.140 backing up his theory that women working long hours was, 0.98

00:19:49.400 quote,

00:19:49.960 dangerous to the public health,

00:19:52.300 safety,

00:19:53.300 morals,

00:19:54.200 and welfare.

00:19:55.720 This progressive argued that the state was correct

00:19:59.700 to restrict work hours for women,

00:20:02.220 rather than allowing employers and employees

00:20:04.700 to set up their own work arrangement.

00:20:08.760 Brandeis won the case,

00:20:11.020 as he usually did,

00:20:12.420 and he's been hailed as a hero ever since

00:20:15.080 for his Brandeis briefs.

00:20:17.820 Judicial historian Stephen Powers wrote,

00:20:20.800 quote,

00:20:20.980 the so-called Brandeis brief

00:20:23.020 became a model for progressive litigation.

00:20:25.680 He says the hallmark of this approach is,

00:20:29.340 quote,

00:20:30.120 its disregard for common law jurisprudence

00:20:33.560 in favor of

00:20:34.920 faith

00:20:35.820 in a jurisprudence

00:20:37.480 that takes into account

00:20:38.840 social and historical realities.

00:20:42.640 Because of cases like

00:20:43.920 Mueller v. Oregon,

00:20:45.280 Brandeis gained a saintly reputation

00:20:47.480 on the left as

00:20:48.780 the people's lawyer.

00:20:50.080 In 1910,

00:20:51.600 he got another big opportunity

00:20:53.120 to stand up for

00:20:54.360 the people,

00:20:55.960 this time in a hearing

00:20:57.160 before the Interstate Commerce Commission.

00:21:00.200 The ICC

00:21:01.180 was an early product

00:21:03.040 of progressivism.

00:21:04.260 It was established in 1887

00:21:06.380 to regulate

00:21:07.480 the railroad industry.

00:21:09.860 It was the first

00:21:10.520 regulatory authority commission

00:21:12.120 in U.S. history.

00:21:14.360 Brandeis was brought in

00:21:15.780 by the Trade Association

00:21:17.060 of the Atlantic Seaboard

00:21:18.280 to make an argument

00:21:19.380 for why railroad companies

00:21:21.220 should not be approved

00:21:22.820 to increase their rates.

00:21:25.000 He dug in,

00:21:25.920 preparing one of his famous

00:21:27.140 Brandeis briefs,

00:21:29.020 and that

00:21:29.840 is when he stumbled

00:21:30.940 onto the glories

00:21:32.480 of Frederick Taylor's

00:21:34.140 scientific management.

00:21:38.360 Brandeis traveled to Philadelphia

00:21:39.940 and met with Taylor

00:21:40.900 in person

00:21:41.560 to glean everything he could

00:21:43.160 about the amazing new science.

00:21:45.480 He also met with

00:21:46.460 Taylor's associates

00:21:47.680 In true progressive

00:21:49.180 expert style,

00:21:50.880 Taylor was extremely

00:21:52.320 protective of his

00:21:53.460 scientific management concepts.

00:21:56.020 Only he could certify

00:21:57.620 official scientific

00:21:58.860 management experts.

00:22:00.520 According to him,

00:22:01.840 there were only five

00:22:03.120 other authorized experts

00:22:04.500 in the world,

00:22:05.520 and they all happened

00:22:06.440 to work for him.

00:22:08.440 After learning everything

00:22:09.540 he could about Taylor's

00:22:10.640 scientific management,

00:22:12.080 Brandeis was enthralled,

00:22:13.600 writing, quote,

00:22:14.440 Of all the social

00:22:15.900 and economic movements

00:22:17.520 with which I have

00:22:18.420 been connected,

00:22:19.860 none seemed to me

00:22:21.180 to be more equal

00:22:22.500 in its importance

00:22:23.760 and hopefulness.

00:22:26.860 Brandeis felt he held

00:22:28.480 the key to a glorious

00:22:30.000 progressive future,

00:22:31.640 and that key

00:22:32.540 was experts in charge.

00:22:35.960 Just like Taylor

00:22:37.160 hovering over his

00:22:38.120 stopwatch and charts

00:22:39.340 to reconfigure

00:22:40.260 every department

00:22:41.160 of a steel company,

00:22:42.900 Brandeis could see

00:22:43.980 experts reconfiguring

00:22:45.560 every aspect

00:22:46.740 of America's

00:22:47.680 messy society.

00:22:49.780 Brandeis said,

00:22:50.720 quote,

00:22:51.360 Efficiency is the hope

00:22:53.500 of democracy.

00:22:56.500 In October 1910,

00:22:58.740 before heading to D.C.

00:22:59.940 for the Interstate

00:23:00.720 Commerce Commission

00:23:01.600 hearing,

00:23:02.540 Brandeis held a meeting

00:23:03.820 in New York City

00:23:04.880 with some of Taylor's

00:23:06.080 associates.

00:23:07.360 Among the attendees

00:23:08.240 were Frank and Lillian

00:23:09.900 Gilbreth,

00:23:11.140 who later would become

00:23:12.500 famous in the book

00:23:13.520 Cheaper by the Dozen,

00:23:15.200 which was written

00:23:15.900 by two of their children.

00:23:17.940 Yes, they really did

00:23:18.980 have 12 kids,

00:23:20.160 and if you read the book

00:23:21.600 or seen the 1950s movie,

00:23:24.020 you recall that it's

00:23:25.180 about these eccentric

00:23:26.580 parents who try to run

00:23:27.960 their chaotic household

00:23:29.340 with strict efficiency rules.

00:23:32.120 The Gilbreths were all 1.00

00:23:33.720 about studying human motion

00:23:35.540 to eliminate inefficiencies

00:23:37.960 in everything

00:23:38.960 from factory work

00:23:40.240 to household tasks.

00:23:42.540 At that meeting,

00:23:43.700 Brandeis had everyone

00:23:45.360 help him settle in

00:23:46.560 on an official title

00:23:47.660 for this efficiency

00:23:48.740 management by expert system.

00:23:51.320 They decided to call it

00:23:52.640 scientific management.

00:23:55.380 Taylor, who was not

00:23:56.360 at the meeting,

00:23:57.200 had used the term before,

00:23:58.700 so he was sure

00:23:59.540 to approve their choice.

00:24:01.000 And of course,

00:24:01.640 using the word scientific

00:24:03.040 was the key ingredient.

00:24:05.540 At the ICC hearing,

00:24:08.320 Brandeis built his case

00:24:09.800 trying to demonstrate

00:24:11.240 how evil capitalist railroads

00:24:13.460 had no clue

00:24:14.560 as to how they arrived

00:24:16.140 at their crazy high rates

00:24:17.840 and therefore were not justified

00:24:19.540 in raising them even more.

00:24:21.940 He built up to his

00:24:23.220 you-can't-handle-the-truth moment

00:24:25.960 when he questioned the VP

00:24:27.880 of a New York railroad company

00:24:29.780 named Charles Daly.

00:24:31.880 Daly admitted setting their prices

00:24:33.960 was based on judgment.

00:24:36.300 So Brandeis asked him

00:24:37.580 for details

00:24:38.280 on exactly how

00:24:39.780 he made that judgment.

00:24:41.000 The basis of my judgment

00:24:43.080 is exactly the same

00:24:44.640 as the basis of a man

00:24:46.220 who knows how to play

00:24:47.380 a good game of golf.

00:24:49.760 It comes from practice,

00:24:51.480 contact,

00:24:52.380 and experience

00:24:53.220 with the particular subject

00:24:54.780 at issue.

00:24:55.660 Then Brandeis said,

00:24:57.140 I want to know,

00:24:58.780 Mr. Daly,

00:24:59.860 just as clearly

00:25:00.900 as you can state it,

00:25:02.560 whether you can give

00:25:03.840 a single reason

00:25:05.000 based on anything more

00:25:07.020 than your arbitrary judgment

00:25:08.800 as you have expressed it.

00:25:11.040 None whatever,

00:25:12.640 replied Daly.

00:25:13.980 None whatever.

00:25:15.880 None whatever.

00:25:19.200 Frank Gilbreth,

00:25:21.240 the cheaper-by-the-dozen dad,

00:25:23.820 was a star witness

00:25:24.900 for Brandeis.

00:25:27.240 Gilbreth put on a show

00:25:28.460 mesmerizing the commissioners

00:25:30.360 when he used a stack

00:25:31.420 of law books

00:25:32.200 to demonstrate

00:25:32.960 the bricklaying

00:25:34.280 efficiency techniques

00:25:35.660 he had developed

00:25:36.880 using the new

00:25:38.020 science of motion study.

00:25:40.580 When Gilbreth

00:25:41.680 was done with his show,

00:25:43.140 one of the commissioners said,

00:25:44.480 this has become

00:25:45.680 a sort of substitute

00:25:46.980 religion with you.

00:25:48.780 Yes, sir,

00:25:50.160 responded Gilbreth

00:25:51.240 with enthusiasm.

00:25:52.320 The commissioner

00:25:54.240 had no idea

00:25:55.040 how prescient he was

00:25:56.220 comparing this

00:25:57.220 to a religion.

00:25:59.920 The other thing

00:26:00.960 that made Brandeis

00:26:01.880 an activist lawyer

00:26:03.080 who was way ahead

00:26:04.940 of his time

00:26:05.620 was his genius

00:26:07.120 at controlling narrative.

00:26:09.660 At one point

00:26:10.460 in the hearings,

00:26:11.160 he made a startling claim

00:26:12.620 that scientific management

00:26:13.920 would save the railroads

00:26:15.220 one million dollars a day.

00:26:17.920 He knew that figure

00:26:18.880 would turn heads.

00:26:20.180 The next morning,

00:26:20.860 the New York Times headline read,

00:26:22.900 Rhodes could save

00:26:23.840 one million dollars a day,

00:26:25.560 Brandeis says,

00:26:26.860 scientific management

00:26:28.460 would do it.

00:26:29.760 Calls rate increases

00:26:31.220 unnecessary.

00:26:34.660 Well, similar headlines

00:26:36.100 like that

00:26:36.680 ran all across the nation,

00:26:38.240 and it was a brilliant

00:26:39.440 PR coup.

00:26:40.920 Brandeis had no real way

00:26:42.340 to back up

00:26:43.140 the million dollars a day claim,

00:26:45.020 but it didn't matter.

00:26:46.540 Reporters had never heard

00:26:47.860 of scientific management

00:26:49.280 before,

00:26:49.800 and they were mesmerized.

00:26:50.900 That dollar figure

00:26:52.340 struck in the public's mind.

00:26:54.200 Brandeis won,

00:26:55.340 as usual.

00:26:57.140 The railroads

00:26:57.720 were denied

00:26:58.240 their rate hike.

00:26:59.500 It was like

00:26:59.940 taking candy

00:27:01.200 from a baby.

00:27:02.500 All you had to do

00:27:03.480 was invoke

00:27:04.180 scientific management.

00:27:07.540 But Brandeis

00:27:08.500 wasn't just

00:27:09.280 some clever

00:27:10.000 con man.

00:27:11.440 He actually believed

00:27:13.040 what he was preaching,

00:27:14.040 and

00:27:15.140 he was just

00:27:17.500 getting started.

00:27:20.480 Frederick Taylor.

00:27:21.920 He became

00:27:22.720 an overnight star.

00:27:24.260 His scientific management

00:27:25.820 spread like wildfire.

00:27:28.880 Brandeis hooked him up

00:27:29.880 with a glowing profile

00:27:31.640 in the American magazine,

00:27:33.920 written by

00:27:34.520 uber-progressive journalist

00:27:36.320 Ray Stannard Baker.

00:27:38.940 The same issue

00:27:40.180 also serialized

00:27:41.460 Taylor's book,

00:27:42.280 The Principles of Scientific Management,

00:27:44.780 which came out

00:27:45.560 just in time

00:27:46.620 to ride the public wave.

00:27:48.960 The magazine issue

00:27:50.040 was titled

00:27:50.660 The Gospel of Efficiency,

00:27:53.660 A New Science

00:27:54.840 of Business Management.

00:27:57.440 In his profile of Taylor,

00:27:59.820 Baker wrote,

00:28:00.700 quote,

00:28:01.160 From the very first,

00:28:03.180 young Taylor

00:28:03.920 with his early home environment

00:28:05.700 in a reform atmosphere

00:28:07.180 and his natural

00:28:08.340 democratic instincts

00:28:09.620 was impressed

00:28:10.680 with the deplorable conditions

00:28:12.220 of industry

00:28:12.980 and the heartlessness

00:28:14.720 which characterized

00:28:16.000 nearly all

00:28:16.940 industrial operations.

00:28:19.180 It was as natural

00:28:20.500 as sunlight

00:28:21.240 for him to inquire,

00:28:23.100 how can I change

00:28:24.680 these things?

00:28:26.500 Mr. Taylor

00:28:27.360 is a man

00:28:28.180 of wide cultivation,

00:28:29.900 of varied interest,

00:28:31.300 and of personal charm.

00:28:33.200 He has a lively

00:28:34.340 and progressive mind,

00:28:36.040 seizing eagerly

00:28:36.940 upon the problems

00:28:37.960 of the day.

00:28:38.620 As would be the case

00:28:41.000 with many leading progressives,

00:28:42.760 they often revealed

00:28:43.880 their true colors.

00:28:45.720 Maybe Baker missed

00:28:47.180 the part

00:28:47.780 in Taylor's book

00:28:49.040 when he described

00:28:50.240 the common laborer

00:28:51.620 as, quote,

00:28:52.840 Too stupid properly

00:28:54.440 to train himself.

00:28:56.520 But that kind of rhetoric

00:28:57.840 didn't matter

00:28:58.860 because with the progressive cause,

00:29:01.460 the ends

00:29:02.160 justifies the means.

00:29:03.900 One biographer

00:29:06.180 stated that Taylor's

00:29:07.160 Principles of Scientific

00:29:08.460 Management book

00:29:09.440 was, quote,

00:29:11.400 Above all,

00:29:12.460 a reformed tract,

00:29:14.100 a progressive manifesto.

00:29:16.660 Regardless of whether

00:29:17.840 Taylor actually

00:29:18.700 considered it that,

00:29:20.160 many progressive

00:29:20.900 activists did.

00:29:23.400 Louis Brandeis

00:29:24.360 raved that,

00:29:25.620 quote,

00:29:25.860 The coming

00:29:27.180 science of management

00:29:29.160 in this century

00:29:30.580 marks an advance

00:29:32.420 comparable

00:29:33.240 only to that

00:29:34.480 made by the coming

00:29:35.580 of the machine

00:29:36.420 in the last.

00:29:39.400 Nothing captured

00:29:40.640 progressivism

00:29:41.480 quite like

00:29:42.220 scientific management.

00:29:44.320 Here was a bulletproof

00:29:45.800 form of improved control.

00:29:48.500 You couldn't argue

00:29:49.520 that it wasn't better

00:29:50.580 for you

00:29:51.080 because it was

00:29:51.980 based on science.

00:29:53.820 More than a century

00:29:54.960 later,

00:29:55.440 progressives are still

00:29:56.940 using this

00:29:57.840 science argument.

00:30:00.720 And that's why

00:30:01.720 in my first

00:30:02.360 inaugural address,

00:30:03.460 I vowed to return

00:30:04.420 science to its

00:30:05.660 rightful place.

00:30:06.580 Follow the scientists

00:30:07.680 and the science.

00:30:09.140 We have seen a pattern

00:30:10.100 with this administration,

00:30:11.160 which is they don't

00:30:11.760 believe in science.

00:30:12.580 Science is settled.

00:30:14.040 Science, science,

00:30:15.120 science, and science.

00:30:16.440 On almost every subject

00:30:17.840 that you can name,

00:30:19.340 science is the answer.

00:30:20.940 The science determines

00:30:22.280 what is the correct

00:30:24.580 answer to a particular

00:30:26.120 question.

00:30:27.860 Armed with this magic

00:30:29.420 new rhetorical device,

00:30:31.540 it was time for

00:30:32.320 progressive operatives

00:30:33.460 to do what Taylor's book

00:30:35.360 dictated.

00:30:36.860 Apply scientific management

00:30:38.620 to basically everything,

00:30:41.080 but especially

00:30:42.660 government.

00:30:43.460 A little over a year

00:30:47.500 after Taylor's book

00:30:48.520 came out,

00:30:49.460 Louis Brandeis

00:30:50.380 met his ideological

00:30:51.720 twin,

00:30:53.160 Woodrow Wilson.

00:30:54.960 They met just after

00:30:56.180 the Democratic Party

00:30:57.240 nominated Wilson

00:30:58.400 for president.

00:30:59.720 Wilson,

00:31:00.140 the former president

00:31:00.900 of Princeton

00:31:01.640 and governor of New Jersey

00:31:03.220 at the time

00:31:03.820 of his nomination,

00:31:05.240 was instantly

00:31:06.540 captivated

00:31:07.660 by Brandeis'

00:31:08.860 intellect.

00:31:09.520 Wilson biographer

00:31:11.300 A. Scott Berg

00:31:12.820 wrote that

00:31:13.920 Brandeis,

00:31:14.800 quote,

00:31:15.600 as much as anyone

00:31:16.740 would shape the future

00:31:18.260 of Woodrow Wilson's

00:31:19.440 campaign and career.

00:31:21.880 Brandeis and Wilson,

00:31:23.840 a perfect match.

00:31:25.560 Two self-styled experts,

00:31:28.220 a Harvard man

00:31:29.080 and a Princeton man,

00:31:31.100 like-minded

00:31:32.020 about the problem

00:31:32.900 facing America.

00:31:34.500 They both thought

00:31:35.320 America had outgrown

00:31:37.280 the Constitution.

00:31:39.200 An editorial

00:31:39.820 in the New Republic

00:31:40.760 magazine perfectly

00:31:42.000 captured this

00:31:42.900 progressive mindset,

00:31:44.440 quote,

00:31:45.580 the business of politics

00:31:47.140 had become too complex

00:31:48.580 to be left

00:31:49.400 to the pretentious

00:31:50.660 misunderstandings

00:31:52.080 of the benevolent

00:31:53.240 amateur.

00:31:55.320 Ray Stannard Baker,

00:31:56.920 the guy Brandeis

00:31:57.880 got to write

00:31:58.520 that glowing feature

00:31:59.880 about Frederick Taylor,

00:32:02.020 called for a,

00:32:03.000 quote,

00:32:03.460 new aristocracy

00:32:04.960 which must appear

00:32:06.440 in America

00:32:07.120 if our inefficient

00:32:08.660 and halting

00:32:09.560 political democracy

00:32:10.800 is ever to develop

00:32:12.100 into a true democracy,

00:32:14.060 that higher and finer

00:32:15.480 sort of aristocracy

00:32:16.880 based upon

00:32:17.900 a scientific

00:32:18.680 and artistic outlook

00:32:20.280 and inspired

00:32:21.600 by an intense

00:32:22.720 enthusiasm

00:32:23.420 for human progress.

00:32:27.300 Brandeis and Wilson

00:32:28.580 believed the situation

00:32:30.000 required experts

00:32:31.780 to fix it.

00:32:32.500 They nominated

00:32:33.760 themselves to do it.

00:32:35.840 Wilson was the first 0.98

00:32:36.820 president to have

00:32:37.780 a PhD

00:32:38.720 and progressives

00:32:40.200 were beside

00:32:41.040 themselves about it.

00:32:42.840 The left's charge

00:32:43.820 against every

00:32:44.860 non-progressive

00:32:45.940 president

00:32:46.340 since Wilson

00:32:47.340 has been

00:32:48.620 that they're just

00:32:49.740 dumb.

00:32:51.220 When Wilson

00:32:52.040 was president

00:32:52.920 of Princeton,

00:32:54.200 he gave a speech

00:32:55.140 titled

00:32:55.580 Our Elastic

00:32:57.080 Constitution.

00:32:58.760 That really should

00:32:59.760 have been a warning

00:33:00.420 sign to America,

00:33:01.920 but progressives

00:33:03.180 saw it as a virtue.

00:33:05.420 Wilson and Brandeis

00:33:06.360 helped institutionalize

00:33:08.000 this notion

00:33:08.660 of a living

00:33:09.800 constitution.

00:33:11.700 Wilson was the 0.90

00:33:12.380 very first president

00:33:13.480 to ever

00:33:14.040 disparage

00:33:14.920 the constitution

00:33:15.760 and the separation

00:33:17.260 of powers,

00:33:18.100 which he considered

00:33:18.940 an outdated

00:33:19.780 barrier to his agenda.

00:33:21.940 He thought it was

00:33:22.880 time for America

00:33:23.980 to evolve

00:33:24.960 beyond the constitution.

00:33:27.300 He was a fanboy

00:33:28.220 of the British

00:33:28.840 parliamentary system

00:33:30.020 and desired to see

00:33:31.200 the U.S. convert

00:33:32.360 to a British-style

00:33:33.760 setup.

00:33:34.880 Wilson said,

00:33:35.560 quote,

00:33:35.860 Each generation 0.51

00:33:36.860 must form

00:33:37.940 its own conception

00:33:39.100 of what liberty is.

00:33:41.180 We are not bound

00:33:42.360 to adhere

00:33:43.280 to the doctrines

00:33:44.200 held by the signers

00:33:45.360 of the Declaration

00:33:46.080 of Independence.

00:33:47.440 We are as free

00:33:48.540 as they were

00:33:49.280 to make and unmake

00:33:50.320 governments.

00:33:51.540 Every Fourth of July

00:33:52.780 should be a time

00:33:53.700 for examining

00:33:54.640 what forms of power

00:33:56.540 we think most likely

00:33:57.780 to affect

00:33:58.400 our safety

00:33:59.400 and happiness.

00:34:01.620 Brandeis and Wilson

00:34:02.440 had big plans

00:34:04.160 for America,

00:34:05.280 which they dubbed

00:34:06.580 the New Freedom

00:34:07.760 during the 1912

00:34:09.160 presidential campaign.

00:34:10.780 But when Wilson

00:34:11.740 won the election,

00:34:13.380 the reality was

00:34:14.420 that he still had

00:34:15.340 to work within

00:34:16.300 the constitutional system

00:34:17.780 for the time being.

00:34:19.460 So they needed

00:34:20.260 willing allies

00:34:21.260 in Congress

00:34:22.000 to carry out

00:34:23.420 their progressive bidding.

00:34:26.540 You know,

00:34:28.300 the field of medicine

00:34:29.020 didn't used to draw

00:34:30.200 a distinction

00:34:30.800 between itself

00:34:31.980 and what we would

00:34:32.780 now call

00:34:33.340 holistic remedies.

00:34:35.420 It was just

00:34:36.680 the field of medicine.

00:34:38.180 Some things worked

00:34:38.860 better than others

00:34:39.600 and that's it.

00:34:40.960 But then,

00:34:41.500 of course,

00:34:41.960 came the experts.

00:34:44.060 They insisted

00:34:44.860 on things being done

00:34:46.080 in a certain way,

00:34:47.560 which meant

00:34:48.240 that a lot of good

00:34:49.280 treatments for things

00:34:50.460 that we all

00:34:51.960 had taken

00:34:52.740 or our grandparents

00:34:54.100 had done

00:34:54.620 that really did work,

00:34:56.040 went by the wayside.

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00:35:36.740 Have you ever heard

00:35:42.900 of Robert LaFollette?

00:35:44.720 If you live in Wisconsin,

00:35:46.560 you probably have.

00:35:48.280 When you see a photo

00:35:49.500 of Senator Robert LaFollette,

00:35:52.180 one aspect

00:35:52.800 makes him stand out

00:35:54.220 from almost every other

00:35:55.240 politician of his era.

00:35:56.680 His full-on,

00:35:58.280 gravity-defying,

00:35:59.940 righteous mane of hair,

00:36:01.820 which totally fit

00:36:03.520 the man

00:36:04.020 who became known

00:36:05.180 as Fighting Bob.

00:36:07.560 Theodore Roosevelt,

00:36:08.760 progressive himself,

00:36:09.860 called LaFollette

00:36:10.740 an extremist

00:36:12.260 with a touch

00:36:13.240 of fanaticism.

00:36:15.140 And that's coming

00:36:16.200 from the guy

00:36:16.760 who started

00:36:17.420 the progressive party.

00:36:19.640 The way Robert LaFollette

00:36:21.360 told it,

00:36:22.380 his own party

00:36:23.080 turned him

00:36:23.640 into a rebel fighter.

00:36:25.320 He was a Republican

00:36:26.080 from Wisconsin

00:36:26.980 with a law practice

00:36:28.300 in Madison.

00:36:29.660 In 1890,

00:36:30.580 he claimed that

00:36:31.300 Wisconsin U.S. Senator

00:36:32.800 Philetus Sawyer,

00:36:34.500 a fellow Republican,

00:36:35.980 offered to bribe him

00:36:37.260 if he would influence

00:36:38.420 a court case

00:36:39.320 involving Sawyer.

00:36:41.200 The judge in the case

00:36:42.260 happened to be

00:36:43.300 LaFollette's

00:36:44.180 brother-in-law.

00:36:45.740 LaFollette said

00:36:46.420 he refused the bribe

00:36:47.760 and his outrage

00:36:49.080 set him on a war path

00:36:50.840 against corruption

00:36:51.760 in his own party.

00:36:53.720 It also put him

00:36:54.480 on the outs

00:36:55.060 with Wisconsin Republicans.

00:36:57.240 He stuck with his party

00:36:58.500 but became the leader

00:36:59.880 of the progressive wing

00:37:01.360 and rallied a coalition

00:37:02.900 that got him elected

00:37:04.320 governor in Wisconsin

00:37:05.400 in 1900.

00:37:08.900 As Governor,

00:37:09.900 LaFollette

00:37:10.460 was an early pioneer

00:37:12.140 of the progressive

00:37:13.080 obsession

00:37:13.920 with experts.

00:37:15.740 One of his co-pioneers

00:37:17.000 of this strategy

00:37:17.720 was Richard T. Eli,

00:37:20.180 a University of Wisconsin

00:37:21.360 professor

00:37:21.860 who had major influence

00:37:23.840 on a young Woodrow Wilson

00:37:25.260 years earlier

00:37:26.440 when Wilson

00:37:27.560 was his student

00:37:28.520 at John Hopkins University.

00:37:31.300 LaFollette,

00:37:32.060 in partnership

00:37:32.780 with the University

00:37:33.980 of Wisconsin,

00:37:35.200 established the

00:37:36.040 Legislative Reference Bureau

00:37:37.860 in which professors

00:37:39.180 and other experts

00:37:40.520 provided guidance

00:37:41.860 to lawmakers

00:37:42.620 and actually drafted

00:37:44.200 legislation for them.

00:37:46.420 In 1905,

00:37:47.580 Wisconsin's legislature

00:37:49.000 elected LaFollette

00:37:50.440 to the U.S. Senate.

00:37:51.740 Within a few years,

00:37:53.180 he established himself

00:37:54.520 as the leader

00:37:55.660 of the progressive

00:37:56.540 Republicans in the Senate

00:37:58.120 who were often called

00:37:59.580 insurgents.

00:38:01.440 The American magazine

00:38:02.480 published a glowing

00:38:03.680 10-part series

00:38:04.780 on LaFollette

00:38:05.600 titled

00:38:06.020 An Autobiography

00:38:07.600 of an Insurgent.

00:38:09.860 His co-writer

00:38:10.540 was Ray Stannard Baker.

00:38:13.360 You remember him?

00:38:14.600 The guy who would go on

00:38:15.740 to write that puff piece

00:38:17.000 on Frederick Taylor

00:38:18.220 and scientific management.

00:38:21.840 In 1909,

00:38:23.180 LaFollette called

00:38:24.340 the insurgents together

00:38:25.400 to divvy up the work

00:38:26.800 of pushing progressive reforms

00:38:28.480 through the Senate,

00:38:29.600 their biggest reform

00:38:30.840 was the 17th Amendment

00:38:32.380 and it allowed

00:38:33.200 for the direct election

00:38:34.680 of U.S. Senators.

00:38:36.680 The insurgents

00:38:37.720 thought they were

00:38:38.360 improving democracy

00:38:39.740 by empowering voters.

00:38:41.980 But clearly,

00:38:43.000 it was a massive tilting

00:38:44.600 of the playing field

00:38:45.740 away from the states

00:38:47.360 and toward bigger,

00:38:49.780 more destructive

00:38:50.900 federal power.

00:38:52.320 In 2010,

00:38:54.720 the late Supreme Court

00:38:55.760 Justice Antonin Scalia

00:38:57.240 said that through

00:38:59.080 the 17th Amendment,

00:39:00.440 quote,

00:39:01.220 you can trace

00:39:02.080 the decline

00:39:02.880 of so-called

00:39:03.940 state rights

00:39:05.040 throughout the rest

00:39:06.560 of the 20th century,

00:39:08.200 end quote.

00:39:09.380 The 17th Amendment 0.66

00:39:10.720 was a seismic win

00:39:12.480 for progressivism.

00:39:14.140 The fighting Bob,

00:39:15.400 he was fast becoming

00:39:16.800 a progressive icon.

00:39:18.660 He started a magazine

00:39:19.780 to promote progressive ideas

00:39:21.600 called La Follette's

00:39:23.060 weekly.

00:39:24.320 It's now called

00:39:25.320 The Progressive

00:39:26.380 and it's still running today.

00:39:29.080 Shortly after

00:39:29.940 Louis Brandeis'

00:39:31.400 scientific management show

00:39:33.500 at the ICC hearings,

00:39:35.180 La Follette brought

00:39:36.960 his fellow insurgents

00:39:38.180 together for a meeting

00:39:39.580 where they formed

00:39:40.480 the National Progressive

00:39:42.240 Republican League.

00:39:44.360 Historian William Murphy

00:39:46.120 described the league

00:39:47.080 as, quote,

00:39:48.160 a bold effort

00:39:49.220 by a group

00:39:50.040 of Republican reformers

00:39:51.440 to seize control

00:39:52.640 of their party

00:39:53.580 and transform it

00:39:55.380 into a party

00:39:56.220 of progressivism,

00:39:57.960 end quote.

00:39:59.760 Ultimately,

00:40:00.460 Woodrow Wilson

00:40:01.000 solved the Republican Party's

00:40:02.600 progressive insurgency problem

00:40:04.260 by making progressivism

00:40:05.820 dominant in the Democratic Party.

00:40:08.700 And when Wilson took office,

00:40:10.480 he and Brandeis

00:40:11.360 had no bigger champion

00:40:12.900 for their new freedom agenda

00:40:14.600 than Robert La Follette.

00:40:17.080 One historian stated,

00:40:26.320 quote,

00:40:26.640 Woodrow Wilson

00:40:27.420 was the first president

00:40:28.600 to develop systematically

00:40:30.660 the legislative powers

00:40:32.540 of his office.

00:40:34.320 The Constitution

00:40:34.900 does not give the president

00:40:36.400 any legislative powers,

00:40:38.800 but surely the founders

00:40:40.320 meant to make an exception

00:40:41.660 for the president, right?

00:40:43.100 I mean,

00:40:43.480 if he has a PhD.

00:40:45.440 Louie Brandeis

00:40:46.820 became Wilson's

00:40:47.840 chief economic advisor.

00:40:50.240 Wilson wanted to give Brandeis

00:40:51.860 a cabinet position,

00:40:53.260 but there was strong

00:40:54.480 public pushback

00:40:55.780 because of Brandeis' radicalism,

00:40:58.000 so he remained

00:40:59.000 just an advisor.

00:41:00.800 In that role,

00:41:01.840 Brandeis was one

00:41:02.980 of the chief architects

00:41:04.260 of both

00:41:05.200 the Federal Reserve Act

00:41:06.720 and the new

00:41:08.220 Federal Trade Commission.

00:41:10.360 The Federal Reserve

00:41:11.240 was absolutely transformational.

00:41:14.520 It created

00:41:15.060 12 regional reserve banks

00:41:17.360 controlled by

00:41:18.240 the Federal Reserve Board.

00:41:20.320 Naturally,

00:41:21.000 board members

00:41:21.600 were appointed

00:41:22.580 by the president.

00:41:24.000 But this government monolith

00:41:26.020 would have power

00:41:27.280 to adjust the interest rate,

00:41:29.580 regulate banks,

00:41:30.520 and control

00:41:31.560 the nation's

00:41:32.360 money supply.

00:41:34.380 Just weeks before

00:41:35.740 Wilson took office,

00:41:37.000 the 16th Amendment

00:41:38.020 was ratified,

00:41:39.300 allowing federal

00:41:40.380 income tax.

00:41:41.920 Wilson then

00:41:42.700 signed in

00:41:43.320 the first peacetime

00:41:44.740 federal income tax law

00:41:46.760 in U.S. history.

00:41:48.500 And the only

00:41:49.300 Republican senator

00:41:50.440 to vote for it

00:41:51.940 was Robert La Follette.

00:41:55.480 Wilson considered it

00:41:56.920 his duty

00:41:57.720 and right

00:41:58.500 to lead Congress

00:41:59.580 by the nose

00:42:00.720 to accomplish

00:42:01.400 his agenda.

00:42:02.840 He forced himself

00:42:03.780 on Congress

00:42:04.660 more than

00:42:05.500 any other

00:42:06.340 previous president.

00:42:08.040 He was the first 0.93

00:42:08.680 since John Adams

00:42:09.740 to give a

00:42:10.420 State of the Union

00:42:11.300 speech in person

00:42:12.700 before Congress.

00:42:14.560 Most previous presidents

00:42:15.820 rarely visited

00:42:16.820 the Capitol building.

00:42:18.540 But Wilson

00:42:19.120 used an office

00:42:20.380 in the Capitol

00:42:21.320 as often as

00:42:22.320 three times a week

00:42:23.380 to strong-arm

00:42:24.720 the legislative process.

00:42:26.240 Wilson had barely

00:42:28.000 been in office

00:42:28.740 for a year

00:42:29.400 when one journalist

00:42:30.380 remarked,

00:42:31.060 quote,

00:42:31.820 the vital fact

00:42:32.900 in any present

00:42:34.080 American politics

00:42:35.320 is the enormous

00:42:36.800 control,

00:42:38.340 if not ascendancy,

00:42:40.100 which President

00:42:40.720 Wilson is exerting

00:42:41.880 over Congress.

00:42:43.880 Republican Senator

00:42:45.240 Albert Cummins

00:42:46.420 of Iowa

00:42:47.160 told his Senate

00:42:48.440 colleagues,

00:42:49.200 quote,

00:42:49.980 the influence

00:42:51.020 which has been

00:42:51.660 exerted by the

00:42:52.540 president upon

00:42:53.420 members of Congress,

00:42:54.740 an influence

00:42:56.120 so persistent

00:42:57.180 and determined

00:42:58.340 that it became

00:42:59.460 coercive,

00:43:00.600 is known to

00:43:01.400 every intelligent

00:43:02.460 citizen of the

00:43:03.420 United States.

00:43:05.000 It ought to

00:43:05.680 humiliate us all 0.51

00:43:06.980 somewhat

00:43:07.540 when we'd look

00:43:08.680 around and find

00:43:09.820 that the people

00:43:10.640 generally not only

00:43:12.040 understand the

00:43:13.040 surrender of our

00:43:13.880 rights and privileges,

00:43:15.280 but observe it

00:43:16.280 with a certain

00:43:16.960 degree of satisfaction.

00:43:19.900 Besides dominating

00:43:21.220 Congress,

00:43:22.020 Wilson also signed

00:43:23.340 over 1,800

00:43:25.040 executive orders.

00:43:27.420 That's the second

00:43:28.260 most of any

00:43:29.220 president of all

00:43:30.300 time,

00:43:31.180 behind FDR.

00:43:33.200 Remember,

00:43:34.500 Wilson had two

00:43:35.340 terms,

00:43:36.280 FDR had four.

00:43:38.720 This was the

00:43:40.200 expert at work.

00:43:42.100 This was scientific

00:43:43.200 management at work.

00:43:45.060 After all,

00:43:45.860 he was a doctor,

00:43:47.360 and doctors

00:43:48.220 know best.

00:43:49.020 Here's how

00:43:56.840 Princeton historian

00:43:57.860 Thomas Leonard

00:43:58.740 summed up

00:43:59.420 Wilson's radical

00:44:00.460 first term in

00:44:01.360 office.

00:44:01.940 Quote,

00:44:02.180 By March

00:44:03.440 1917,

00:44:05.180 the fourth branch

00:44:06.140 of government

00:44:06.700 was established.

00:44:07.940 Fourth branch

00:44:08.820 describes the

00:44:09.860 independent government

00:44:10.880 agencies,

00:44:12.300 staffed and

00:44:13.000 advised by experts,

00:44:15.240 which,

00:44:15.700 though nominally

00:44:16.500 inside the

00:44:17.460 executive branch,

00:44:18.420 were chartered

00:44:19.760 specifically to be

00:44:21.380 free of political

00:44:22.660 influence,

00:44:23.660 employing a

00:44:24.580 permanent civil

00:44:25.740 service rather

00:44:27.140 than political

00:44:28.160 appointees.

00:44:29.620 These experts

00:44:30.820 represented

00:44:31.820 themselves as

00:44:33.020 objective scientists

00:44:34.780 above the

00:44:35.840 political fray,

00:44:37.360 administering

00:44:38.160 progress for the

00:44:39.380 good of all.

00:44:40.660 How's that

00:44:41.280 working out for us?

00:44:42.120 This was the

00:44:43.820 birth of what

00:44:44.580 many conservatives

00:44:45.400 mean when they

00:44:46.200 refer to the

00:44:47.160 deep state,

00:44:48.560 a vast bureaucracy

00:44:49.600 of unelected

00:44:50.860 experts creating

00:44:51.840 policies that

00:44:53.220 have the force

00:44:54.040 of law because

00:44:55.000 they're under

00:44:55.460 the executive

00:44:56.180 branch.

00:44:57.320 To Wilson and

00:44:58.160 Brandeis,

00:44:58.900 consolidating power

00:45:00.000 under the

00:45:00.680 executive was the

00:45:02.160 natural evolution

00:45:03.160 required for

00:45:04.440 efficiency.

00:45:05.580 To them,

00:45:06.460 the Constitution's

00:45:07.460 separation of powers

00:45:08.660 was for a bygone

00:45:10.500 era.

00:45:11.540 True progress

00:45:12.420 required more

00:45:13.460 concentrated power.

00:45:16.020 Near the end of

00:45:16.740 Wilson's first term,

00:45:17.820 he rewarded

00:45:18.580 Brandeis for all of

00:45:19.780 his transformative

00:45:20.580 work with the

00:45:21.480 Supreme Court

00:45:22.100 nomination.

00:45:23.540 The only senator

00:45:24.620 consulted before

00:45:25.840 Wilson announced

00:45:26.900 his nominee

00:45:27.580 was who else?

00:45:29.300 Robert LaFollette.

00:45:31.560 Wilson needed to

00:45:32.340 know he could

00:45:33.040 count on progressive

00:45:34.080 Republican votes

00:45:35.000 to confirm

00:45:35.760 Brandeis.

00:45:37.300 Fighting Bob

00:45:38.260 assured him,

00:45:39.400 oh yes,

00:45:40.260 you'll have the

00:45:40.820 votes.

00:45:42.200 Not everyone was

00:45:43.360 so enthusiastic

00:45:44.300 about Brandeis'

00:45:45.480 nomination.

00:45:46.800 However,

00:45:47.380 former President

00:45:48.100 Taft pulled

00:45:49.160 zero punches,

00:45:50.820 saying that

00:45:51.280 Brandeis was,

00:45:52.320 quote,

00:45:53.720 a muckraker,

00:45:55.380 an emotionalist

00:45:56.420 for his own

00:45:57.160 purposes,

00:45:58.180 a socialist

00:45:58.860 prompted by

00:45:59.880 jealousy,

00:46:00.840 a hypocrite, 0.76

00:46:02.080 a man of

00:46:02.820 infinite cunning,

00:46:03.760 of great tenacity

00:46:05.300 of purpose,

00:46:06.380 and in my

00:46:07.320 judgment,

00:46:08.120 of much power

00:46:09.080 for evil.

00:46:10.760 This nomination

00:46:11.780 is one of the

00:46:12.880 deepest wounds

00:46:13.560 that I have ever

00:46:14.300 had as an

00:46:14.960 American and a

00:46:16.060 lover of the

00:46:16.660 Constitution.

00:46:20.460 In the end,

00:46:21.820 LaFollette voted

00:46:23.140 yes,

00:46:24.360 even though he

00:46:25.260 only got two

00:46:26.200 other progressive

00:46:26.920 Republicans to

00:46:27.940 join him.

00:46:29.400 Louis Brandeis

00:46:30.380 was on the

00:46:31.280 highest court

00:46:31.960 in the land.

00:46:32.720 now he could

00:46:34.680 really give

00:46:35.440 the living

00:46:36.180 Constitution,

00:46:37.980 a run

00:46:38.540 that would

00:46:39.360 long outlast

00:46:40.540 him.

00:46:41.740 Now,

00:46:42.320 progressives had

00:46:43.100 hardcore disciples

00:46:44.440 of the gospel

00:46:45.720 of expertise

00:46:46.980 in key leadership

00:46:48.600 roles in all

00:46:50.180 three branches

00:46:50.920 of government.

00:46:52.700 Progressive dreams

00:46:53.760 were coming true,

00:46:55.420 and yet,

00:46:56.200 there was still

00:46:57.220 so much

00:46:58.280 to be done.

00:46:58.900 The experts

00:47:03.820 in our society

00:47:04.640 helped bring

00:47:05.380 about some

00:47:06.000 of the modern

00:47:06.880 miracles we've

00:47:07.940 experienced in

00:47:08.840 technology,

00:47:09.640 no doubt.

00:47:10.500 But they've also

00:47:11.340 helped usher in

00:47:12.500 modern horrors.

00:47:14.420 At the dawn of

00:47:15.040 the 20th century,

00:47:15.900 as mankind was

00:47:16.760 raising its

00:47:17.460 hackles and

00:47:18.140 nations were

00:47:18.900 slowly preparing

00:47:19.960 to go to war

00:47:20.640 with each other

00:47:21.300 in what would

00:47:22.040 be the bloodiest

00:47:23.000 war in history,

00:47:24.360 until its sequel,

00:47:26.280 while all of that

00:47:27.120 was going on,

00:47:28.000 the experts

00:47:28.940 in the medical

00:47:29.920 field,

00:47:31.060 they were

00:47:31.920 raising their

00:47:33.140 ugly heads

00:47:33.960 as well.

00:47:35.120 They were the

00:47:35.840 experts,

00:47:36.720 the doctors

00:47:37.400 that you could

00:47:38.000 trust,

00:47:39.040 and they were

00:47:39.820 promoting

00:47:40.360 eugenics,

00:47:42.080 the systematic

00:47:42.880 weeding out

00:47:43.700 of undesirable

00:47:45.060 human beings,

00:47:46.360 because their

00:47:47.100 lives and their

00:47:47.760 rights weren't

00:47:48.340 that important,

00:47:49.260 because they

00:47:49.840 stood in the

00:47:50.420 way of progress.

00:47:52.220 They didn't

00:47:52.600 have a life

00:47:53.320 that's worth

00:47:54.180 living.

00:47:55.300 Our experts

00:47:56.280 today,

00:47:57.400 Yuval Harari

00:47:58.200 is one of

00:47:58.680 them,

00:47:58.880 says by 2030

00:48:00.000 there will

00:48:00.400 be millions

00:48:01.060 of useless

00:48:02.100 people.

00:48:03.880 Maybe we

00:48:04.520 should learn

00:48:04.980 from the

00:48:05.500 past.

00:48:06.440 This podcast

00:48:07.420 today is

00:48:08.280 a pilot,

00:48:10.000 and we're

00:48:10.300 watching the

00:48:11.040 metrics to

00:48:11.660 see if you

00:48:12.420 connect with

00:48:12.960 it.

00:48:13.480 If you want

00:48:13.900 more,

00:48:14.500 let us know.

00:48:15.600 But in one

00:48:16.500 of our

00:48:16.760 upcoming episodes,

00:48:17.880 if it indeed

00:48:18.780 goes well,

00:48:20.040 and you like

00:48:20.720 this podcast,

00:48:21.780 we'll be about

00:48:22.740 eugenics and

00:48:24.300 the experts

00:48:25.140 in medicine.

00:48:27.060 Tragically,

00:48:27.700 the brainchild

00:48:28.260 of that

00:48:28.620 historic evil

00:48:29.560 is embedded

00:48:30.180 in our

00:48:30.620 society to

00:48:31.360 this day.

00:48:31.800 It's practiced 0.99

00:48:32.260 every time

00:48:33.140 an expecting

00:48:33.760 mother walks

00:48:34.560 into a clinic

00:48:35.200 and allows

00:48:35.720 a doctor,

00:48:36.460 an expert,

00:48:37.020 to destroy

00:48:38.220 her unborn

00:48:39.040 child.

00:48:40.480 Progress is

00:48:41.920 progress,

00:48:42.760 don't you

00:48:43.220 know?

00:48:44.440 I want to

00:48:45.360 thank one

00:48:45.900 of our

00:48:46.300 partners

00:48:47.040 founding this

00:48:48.260 particular

00:48:48.960 podcast.

00:48:49.840 It's

00:48:49.980 Preborn.

00:48:50.920 They combat

00:48:51.940 this evil

00:48:52.640 every day.

00:48:53.220 Please go

00:48:53.940 to

00:48:54.120 preborn.com

00:48:55.600 and join

00:48:56.540 the battle

00:48:57.080 to fight

00:48:57.820 against

00:48:58.200 these

00:48:58.520 sadistic

00:48:59.340 experts.

00:49:01.160 Save a

00:49:01.700 mother and

00:49:02.160 their child.

00:49:03.140 Do it

00:49:03.300 today,

00:49:03.720 preborn.com.

00:49:10.060 Written on

00:49:10.940 Frederick Taylor's

00:49:11.780 tombstone in

00:49:12.860 Philadelphia are

00:49:13.620 the words,

00:49:14.460 father of

00:49:15.200 scientific

00:49:15.960 management.

00:49:17.300 So much

00:49:18.100 for Taylor's

00:49:18.720 science,

00:49:19.960 because it

00:49:20.400 really wasn't

00:49:21.180 science at

00:49:21.960 all.

00:49:23.320 Taylor's

00:49:23.760 biographer,

00:49:24.740 Robert

00:49:25.060 Canigal,

00:49:26.020 put it like

00:49:26.460 this,

00:49:26.940 quote,

00:49:27.660 his scientific

00:49:28.600 time studies

00:49:29.520 weren't very

00:49:30.320 scientific.

00:49:31.520 He had left

00:49:32.000 a legacy

00:49:32.500 not of

00:49:33.060 harmony,

00:49:34.240 but of

00:49:34.580 turmoil.

00:49:35.920 Yet these

00:49:36.480 elements of

00:49:37.240 the story

00:49:38.220 would,

00:49:38.920 in his

00:49:39.240 telling and

00:49:39.780 retelling,

00:49:40.460 recede into

00:49:41.220 the dark

00:49:41.640 corner of

00:49:42.260 the stage.

00:49:43.540 Meanwhile,

00:49:44.280 bathed in

00:49:44.880 the flood

00:49:45.400 light would

00:49:46.400 be another

00:49:46.780 version,

00:49:47.600 close enough

00:49:48.660 to the events

00:49:49.300 to be true,

00:49:50.260 yet sufficiently

00:49:51.580 rearranged and

00:49:52.680 reconstituted to

00:49:53.800 be seen with

00:49:54.480 equal justice

00:49:55.900 as the product

00:49:57.040 of Taylor's

00:49:57.740 art.

00:49:59.960 All of this

00:50:01.080 would become

00:50:01.620 the stuff of

00:50:02.600 story,

00:50:03.460 myth,

00:50:04.180 and drama.

00:50:05.720 According to

00:50:06.660 historian Jill

00:50:07.460 Lepore,

00:50:08.280 quote,

00:50:09.320 Taylor fudged

00:50:10.120 his data,

00:50:11.060 lied to his

00:50:11.700 clients,

00:50:12.420 and inflated

00:50:13.060 his record

00:50:13.720 of success.

00:50:15.360 An analysis

00:50:16.140 of Taylor's

00:50:16.740 work by two

00:50:17.340 historians in

00:50:18.080 the 1970s

00:50:19.100 concluded,

00:50:20.460 a careful

00:50:20.900 study of

00:50:21.460 Taylor's

00:50:21.820 published

00:50:22.160 accounts of

00:50:22.800 the story

00:50:23.260 about his

00:50:23.740 1899

00:50:24.620 pig iron

00:50:25.360 study,

00:50:26.160 his biography,

00:50:27.460 his papers,

00:50:28.340 all revealed

00:50:29.320 Taylor's story

00:50:30.220 to be more

00:50:31.040 fiction than

00:50:32.020 fact.

00:50:33.800 Yet,

00:50:34.660 none of that

00:50:35.380 mattered to

00:50:36.020 progressive leaders

00:50:36.860 because Taylor's

00:50:38.380 art helped

00:50:39.500 legitimize their

00:50:40.660 cult of

00:50:41.280 expertise.

00:50:42.880 Harvard was

00:50:43.560 finally convinced

00:50:44.840 to open its

00:50:45.820 business school

00:50:46.560 by a man

00:50:47.300 who wanted

00:50:48.040 to model

00:50:48.640 it on

00:50:49.200 Taylor's

00:50:49.700 scientific

00:50:50.200 management.

00:50:51.860 Taylor delivered

00:50:52.480 a lecture

00:50:53.020 series there

00:50:53.900 every year

00:50:54.540 until his

00:50:55.100 death.

00:50:56.280 Many other

00:50:56.720 universities

00:50:57.280 soon followed

00:50:58.040 suit.

00:50:59.120 Elite

00:50:59.400 universities

00:51:00.000 would become

00:51:00.640 America's

00:51:01.360 factories that

00:51:02.760 churned out

00:51:03.540 experts to

00:51:04.680 run everything.

00:51:07.120 Oh,

00:51:07.300 and do you

00:51:07.660 remember Frank

00:51:08.280 Gilbreth,

00:51:09.300 the cheaper

00:51:10.160 by the dozen

00:51:10.780 dad?

00:51:11.120 he helped

00:51:12.580 start the

00:51:13.060 Society for

00:51:13.820 the Promotion

00:51:14.540 of the

00:51:15.520 Science of

00:51:16.260 Management,

00:51:17.280 which was

00:51:18.120 later renamed

00:51:19.120 the Taylor

00:51:20.280 Society.

00:51:21.620 During the

00:51:22.380 1920s,

00:51:23.280 the Taylor

00:51:23.780 Society was 0.91

00:51:24.960 an incubator

00:51:25.880 for future

00:51:26.760 new dealers

00:51:27.660 and members

00:51:28.440 of FDR's

00:51:29.380 so-called

00:51:29.960 brain trust.

00:51:34.420 In the

00:51:35.380 introduction to

00:51:36.280 The Principles

00:51:37.300 of Scientific

00:51:38.080 Management,

00:51:39.060 Taylor said,

00:51:39.960 quote,

00:51:40.240 But what

00:51:48.160 happens when

00:51:48.980 you carry that

00:51:49.660 system too

00:51:50.600 far?

00:51:52.100 Mussolini was

00:51:52.860 a devoted man

00:51:53.760 of scientific

00:51:54.600 management,

00:51:55.600 but so was

00:51:56.360 Lenin, who

00:51:56.940 read Taylor's

00:51:57.860 books,

00:51:58.660 created a

00:51:59.340 Soviet Council

00:52:00.240 for Scientific

00:52:01.200 Management,

00:52:02.080 and insisted

00:52:02.800 that the

00:52:03.320 Taylor system

00:52:04.040 be taught

00:52:04.720 and incorporated

00:52:05.520 across Russian

00:52:07.020 territory.

00:52:08.740 And what

00:52:09.600 happens when

00:52:10.200 the scientific

00:52:10.780 management system

00:52:11.780 is supreme and

00:52:13.300 it merges with

00:52:14.100 technology and

00:52:15.140 artificial intelligence.

00:52:17.540 All you would

00:52:18.400 have to do is

00:52:19.340 watch what's

00:52:20.160 unfolding in

00:52:21.340 real time in

00:52:22.660 China.

00:52:23.560 And a happy,

00:52:25.000 smiley, in this

00:52:26.180 swell version,

00:52:27.500 is right around

00:52:28.300 the corner for

00:52:29.160 Western progressive

00:52:30.040 societies.

00:52:30.860 At the World Economic

00:52:33.960 Forum conference in

00:52:35.240 Davos in 2023,

00:52:37.440 Duke University

00:52:38.200 professor Nita

00:52:39.560 Farhani presented

00:52:41.080 a disturbing

00:52:41.900 seminar on the

00:52:43.180 latest in

00:52:43.800 brainwave technology.

00:52:45.280 After all,

00:52:46.140 what you think,

00:52:47.000 what you feel,

00:52:48.440 it's all just

00:52:49.280 data.

00:52:50.360 Data that in

00:52:51.720 large patterns

00:52:52.900 can be decoded

00:52:54.180 using artificial

00:52:55.440 intelligence.

00:52:55.960 smartphones.

00:52:56.960 We're not

00:52:57.160 talking about

00:52:58.100 implanted devices

00:52:59.320 of the future.

00:53:00.480 I'm talking about

00:53:01.240 wearable devices

00:53:02.320 that are like

00:53:03.320 Fitbits for your

00:53:04.040 brain.

00:53:04.780 Using consumer

00:53:05.800 wearable devices,

00:53:07.540 these are

00:53:08.100 headbands,

00:53:09.540 hats that have

00:53:10.800 sensors that can

00:53:12.040 pick up your

00:53:12.560 brainwave activity,

00:53:13.800 earbuds,

00:53:14.860 headphones,

00:53:15.820 tiny tattoos that

00:53:16.780 you can wear

00:53:17.100 behind your ear.

00:53:18.440 We can pick up

00:53:19.460 emotional states

00:53:20.460 like are you happy

00:53:21.240 or sad or angry.

00:53:22.800 We can pick up

00:53:23.980 and decode faces

00:53:25.660 that you're seeing

00:53:27.140 in your mind.

00:53:28.260 Simple shapes,

00:53:29.520 numbers,

00:53:30.460 your PIN number

00:53:31.360 to your bank

00:53:32.500 account.

00:53:34.940 We're moving

00:53:36.000 beyond scientific

00:53:36.920 management at this

00:53:37.920 point.

00:53:38.880 It's scientific

00:53:39.800 micromanagement.

00:53:42.120 In 1948,

00:53:43.960 C.S. Lewis

00:53:44.820 wrote,

00:53:45.820 Of all tyrannies,

00:53:47.380 a tyranny

00:53:47.960 sincerely exercised

00:53:49.600 for the good

00:53:50.340 of its victims

00:53:51.040 may be the most

00:53:52.360 oppressive.

00:53:53.460 It would be better

00:53:54.480 to live under

00:53:55.460 robber barons

00:53:56.280 than under

00:53:56.900 omnipotent moral

00:53:57.920 busybodies.

00:53:59.560 The robber barons'

00:54:00.680 cruelty may

00:54:01.500 sometimes sleep,

00:54:03.140 but those who

00:54:04.000 torment us for

00:54:04.900 our own good

00:54:05.820 will torment us

00:54:07.320 without end,

00:54:08.360 for they do so

00:54:09.320 with the approval

00:54:10.140 of their own

00:54:10.980 conscience.

00:54:12.880 This kind of

00:54:14.080 expert control

00:54:15.080 continues to be

00:54:16.540 the dividing

00:54:17.240 force of

00:54:18.100 progressives.

00:54:19.280 We see things

00:54:20.340 like the Biden

00:54:20.900 administration

00:54:21.460 telling us what

00:54:22.640 light bulbs were

00:54:23.660 allowed to buy,

00:54:25.120 banning the sale

00:54:26.280 of incandescent

00:54:27.360 bulbs in 2023,

00:54:29.160 and doing it

00:54:30.120 through the

00:54:30.560 Department of

00:54:31.200 Energy,

00:54:32.060 which is under

00:54:32.760 the executive

00:54:33.640 branch.

00:54:34.720 So you have

00:54:35.360 no say in the

00:54:36.240 matter.

00:54:37.060 It's the old

00:54:37.880 progressive

00:54:38.300 obsession with

00:54:39.760 efficiency,

00:54:41.280 only now with

00:54:42.820 the added

00:54:43.280 urgency of

00:54:44.620 climate change.

00:54:45.400 the progressives

00:54:48.220 suffered a

00:54:48.720 backlash after

00:54:49.500 World War I

00:54:50.300 and Woodrow

00:54:50.880 Wilson's second

00:54:51.640 term for

00:54:52.360 reasons we'll

00:54:53.520 explore in

00:54:54.340 another episode

00:54:55.200 later this

00:54:56.080 season.

00:54:57.000 But there's

00:54:57.420 little doubt

00:54:57.960 that Wilson

00:54:58.540 would have kept

00:54:59.240 running for

00:54:59.760 president if his

00:55:00.880 health hadn't

00:55:01.760 failed him.

00:55:02.860 He never fully

00:55:03.680 recovered from the

00:55:04.620 stroke that had 0.79

00:55:05.440 incapacitated him

00:55:06.740 for the last

00:55:07.860 year and a half

00:55:09.040 of his presidency.

00:55:10.000 That didn't

00:55:11.360 stop him from

00:55:12.160 collaborating with

00:55:13.160 Louis Brandeis in

00:55:14.840 1921 on a new

00:55:16.960 progressive manifesto

00:55:18.740 just as he was

00:55:20.360 starting to plot

00:55:21.220 another presidential

00:55:22.820 run.

00:55:24.560 Wilson died later

00:55:25.760 that year and

00:55:27.140 instead, Robert

00:55:28.600 La Follette kept

00:55:30.320 the progressive

00:55:30.960 flame burning,

00:55:33.100 running for

00:55:33.800 president 1924

00:55:35.280 with a coalition

00:55:36.240 of labor unions

00:55:37.420 and socialist

00:55:38.600 groups backing

00:55:39.520 them.

00:55:40.000 Who did he

00:55:41.460 choose as his

00:55:42.640 full-time running

00:55:43.240 mate?

00:55:44.640 Louis Brandeis.

00:55:46.220 But Brandeis

00:55:47.180 declined.

00:55:48.520 He couldn't give

00:55:49.280 up his influential

00:55:50.380 lifetime post on

00:55:52.040 the Supreme Court.

00:55:53.740 In 1922, Supreme

00:55:55.640 Court heard a case

00:55:56.520 involving a female

00:55:57.640 student who was

00:55:59.100 barred from attending

00:56:00.360 public school in

00:56:01.620 San Antonio because

00:56:03.040 her parents refused

00:56:03.940 to get her vaccinated

00:56:04.880 for smallpox as

00:56:06.540 required by her

00:56:08.260 school district.

00:56:08.920 Their lawyers

00:56:10.580 argued that the

00:56:12.060 vaccine requirement

00:56:13.420 denied her equal 0.55

00:56:15.020 protection of the

00:56:15.980 laws under the

00:56:17.320 14th Amendment.

00:56:18.100 But the Supreme

00:56:19.440 Court unanimously

00:56:20.660 ruled against her.

00:56:22.840 And here's what

00:56:23.560 Louis Brandeis wrote

00:56:24.940 in the decision.

00:56:26.940 Quote,

00:56:27.200 Long before this

00:56:29.060 suit was instituted,

00:56:31.300 Jacobson v.

00:56:32.280 Massachusetts had

00:56:33.940 settled that it

00:56:35.440 is within the

00:56:36.680 police power of a

00:56:38.000 state to provide

00:56:39.340 for compulsory

00:56:40.480 vaccination.

00:56:42.220 These ordinances

00:56:43.260 confer not arbitrary

00:56:44.840 power, but only

00:56:46.660 that broad discretion

00:56:48.080 is required for the

00:56:49.380 protection of the

00:56:50.380 public health.

00:56:51.120 In 2020, America

00:56:56.220 met a certain

00:56:56.900 doctor who was a

00:56:58.540 little bit of

00:56:59.420 Frederick Taylor,

00:57:01.140 Louis Brandeis,

00:57:02.680 Woodrow Wilson,

00:57:03.800 and Robert La

00:57:05.400 Follette all rolled

00:57:06.940 into one.

00:57:08.840 As if he had been

00:57:09.900 created in a

00:57:11.120 progressive lab,

00:57:12.220 few people embodied

00:57:13.860 the sheer elitist

00:57:15.380 progressive conviction

00:57:16.940 of their own genius

00:57:18.360 expertise more than

00:57:22.360 Anthony Fauci.

00:57:24.620 How many times was

00:57:26.180 America told what an

00:57:27.680 expert Dr. Fauci

00:57:29.240 really was?

00:57:30.780 He was a doctor who

00:57:31.960 had been in this

00:57:32.660 position for nearly

00:57:33.620 40 years.

00:57:35.320 That kind of

00:57:35.900 expertise could not

00:57:37.540 possibly go wrong.

00:57:39.980 Even when the

00:57:40.920 contradictions piled up,

00:57:42.640 to question the

00:57:43.720 experts, to question

00:57:45.820 the science during a

00:57:47.440 national health

00:57:48.200 crisis, was

00:57:49.400 considered dangerous.

00:57:51.180 It's very dangerous,

00:57:52.660 Chuck, because a lot

00:57:53.560 of what you're seeing

00:57:54.640 as attacks on me,

00:57:56.400 quite frankly, are

00:57:57.340 attacks on science.

00:57:59.440 Because all of the

00:58:00.500 things that I have

00:58:01.160 spoken about consistently

00:58:03.080 from the very

00:58:03.900 beginning have been

00:58:05.300 fundamentally based on

00:58:06.720 science.

00:58:07.880 Sometimes those things

00:58:09.160 were inconvenient

00:58:10.160 truths for people,

00:58:12.220 and there was

00:58:12.720 pushback against me.

00:58:14.500 So if you are

00:58:15.220 trying to, you know,

00:58:16.600 get at me as a

00:58:18.920 public health

00:58:19.460 official and a

00:58:20.220 scientist, you're

00:58:21.440 really attacking not

00:58:22.500 only Dr. Anthony

00:58:23.500 Fauci, you're

00:58:24.320 attacking science.

00:58:27.680 The expert was no

00:58:29.440 longer just using

00:58:30.820 science as a tool.

00:58:33.200 The expert had

00:58:34.720 become the science.

00:58:37.340 We constantly rely on

00:58:39.200 experts to make

00:58:40.140 decisions for us.

00:58:41.020 Because even

00:58:41.920 eyewitnesses and

00:58:43.100 experts can get it

00:58:44.200 wrong.

00:58:44.720 But experts do get

00:58:45.820 things wrong.

00:58:46.640 You have to seek out

00:58:47.580 sources from other

00:58:48.900 points of view, and

00:58:50.440 then critically examine

00:58:51.600 their motivations and

00:58:52.980 credibility as well.

The Glenn Beck Program - June 25, 2023

Ep 1 ｜ Control Freaks： The 'Scientific' Roots of Progressive Tyranny ｜ History Pilot

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