The Joe Rogan Experience


Joe Rogan Experience #1869 - Dr. Gabor Mate


Summary

In this episode, I speak with author, author, speaker, activist, and public speaker, Greta Thunberg, about her new book, The Myth of Normal: Illness and Healing in a Toxic Culture. We talk about the impact of a toxic culture on children, and how it affects the way they grow up, and the ways in which they are raised. And Greta shares some of her own personal experiences of growing up in a culture of stress and trauma, including how she was raised as a child by a Jewish mother in the 1930s and 40s, and what she learned about the effects of stress on her own childhood and the impact it had on her adult life and the way she raised her children. I hope you enjoy this conversation with Greta, and that you find some of the ideas she shares in her book and book very relatable and relatable. I know I did! Thank you so much to Greta for coming on the show, and I hope that you enjoy listening to this episode and share it with your friends, family, and loved ones. I appreciate your support and your support. xoxo, Sarah Sarah's new book: The Myth Of Normal: How To Grow Up In A Toxic Culture: A Guide To A Healthy Childhood And A Healthy Mind is available for purchase here and you can find more information about her book here on Amazon here and here if you're interested in becoming a supporter of her work. and/or want to support Greta's work here . Thanks for listening to the podcast, Sarah's book: I hope it's a good listen. Thank you, Sarah, I'm looking forward to hearing from you in the next episode! - Sarah, Sarah is looking out for you! Sarah s book is out soon! I love you, too, Sarah xo Sarah's Book Recommendation: "The Myth of Normality" by: Greta Gerhard Heinemann, - , of course, the author of The Mythical, Trauma, Illness & Healing in the Toxic Culture by (The Mythical and the Mythical by The Mythual, the Book of Normal by Greta McElroy, , and the book, The Mythic, the book of Normal, the Mythic of Normal? or &


Transcript

00:00:12.000 Pleasure to meet you.
00:00:13.000 I've really enjoyed your conversations online.
00:00:15.000 I love your perspective and it's really a real pleasure to have you in here.
00:00:21.000 Well, I really am happy to be here with you.
00:00:23.000 Thank you.
00:00:23.000 My pleasure.
00:00:24.000 This book, The Myth of Normal, this is your book.
00:00:27.000 Yeah, it's called The Myth of Normal, Trauma, Illness and Healing in a Toxic Culture.
00:00:33.000 And it kind of sums up everything I've ever learned.
00:00:36.000 What exactly is toxic about our culture?
00:00:40.000 Is that a too big a question?
00:00:41.000 No, it's the central question.
00:00:45.000 Yeah.
00:00:47.000 If you imagine you're a microbiologist in a laboratory growing microorganisms in a Petri dish, that's called a culture.
00:00:55.000 You know, you put in a brew with the right nutrients and the microorganisms thrive and then multiply.
00:01:02.000 But if a lot of them started getting sick and a lot of them started dying, you'd say this is a toxic culture.
00:01:08.000 Now, if you look at what's happening in North America now, there's an article in the New York Times, ten days before we speak, of a teenager being on ten different psychiatric medications.
00:01:19.000 Ten different psychiatric medications.
00:01:21.000 More and more kids are being diagnosed with ADHD, with anxiety, with depression.
00:01:26.000 The rate of childhood suicide is going up, and everybody's saying, what's going on here?
00:01:30.000 Why is this going on?
00:01:31.000 More and more people are getting autoimmune disease, mental health issues.
00:01:36.000 The overdose crisis in the States, over 100,000 people died of overdoses.
00:01:41.000 Either we assume that these are all accidents and sort of blows of misfortune, or we get that there's something about this culture that's fomenting so much illness.
00:01:53.000 70% of American adults are on at least one medication.
00:01:57.000 70?
00:01:57.000 70, yeah.
00:01:59.000 40% are on about two at least.
00:02:01.000 That's a toxic culture.
00:02:03.000 I could talk about what makes it that way, but when I talk about toxic culture, I'm talking about its impact on the people who inhabit it.
00:02:12.000 So this toxic culture, are you just talking about the overall way human beings communicate?
00:02:20.000 Is it the way we're being raised?
00:02:22.000 Is it the foods we eat?
00:02:23.000 Is it everything?
00:02:24.000 It's all that.
00:02:25.000 It's all.
00:02:26.000 And salient amongst them, how we raise our kids.
00:02:29.000 What about how we raise our kids?
00:02:32.000 Well...
00:02:35.000 If you look at how human beings evolved over millions, really, of years, and hundreds of thousands of years, and even our own species has been on the Earth for about 150, 200,000 years.
00:02:49.000 For all that time, until the blink of an eye ago, we lived out in nature, in small band hunter-gatherer groups, where kids were raised communally, so that it wasn't just an isolated nuclear family or an isolated mother or father.
00:03:03.000 Grandparents and uncles and aunts and the whole community.
00:03:06.000 It takes a village, as the saying goes.
00:03:08.000 It takes a whole community.
00:03:10.000 Now, children also were picked up when they cried.
00:03:15.000 In fact, they were never even put down.
00:03:17.000 They slept with their parents.
00:03:19.000 They were breastfed for three or four years.
00:03:22.000 In today's society, And I can start even before then.
00:03:27.000 Already we know that stresses on the pregnant women have a negative impact on the infant, physiological impact on the infant's brain development.
00:03:36.000 It's not even controversial.
00:03:39.000 In our society, we don't pay attention to women's emotional needs when they're pregnant, and we don't pay attention to the child's emotional needs.
00:03:47.000 So the child needs to be held and accepted unconditionally.
00:03:51.000 Now, in our society, we actually tell parents not to pick up their kids when they're crying.
00:03:55.000 Yeah.
00:03:56.000 And that is an insult and a trauma to the child.
00:04:00.000 And that has an impact on the child's trust in the world, sense of safety, sense of belonging, how they feel about themselves.
00:04:09.000 You know, in the book I talk about my mom, and I talk about my own infancy in Budapest, Hungary, as a Jewish infant under the Nazis.
00:04:17.000 So you can imagine how stressed my mom was.
00:04:20.000 But forget the Nazis for a minute.
00:04:23.000 I read her diary and she writes, this is when I'm two weeks of age and we're in the maternity hospital.
00:04:30.000 And she says, my poor little Gabor, my heart is breaking for you because you want to be fed and you're hungry, but I promised the doctor I would only feed you every four hours.
00:04:39.000 And you've been crying for the last hour and a half.
00:04:43.000 What's it like for an infant to lie there next to their mom and not be picked up and fed for an hour and a half?
00:04:49.000 Try telling a mother baboon or a mother cat or a mother bear to ignore the child's distress for an hour and a half.
00:04:56.000 So the very advice that we give to a lot of parents these days already damages the child.
00:05:02.000 Where is that advice coming from?
00:05:05.000 Who are the experts that thought it was a good idea to not pick up children when they're crying?
00:05:10.000 It's been going on for about 100 years, maybe even longer.
00:05:15.000 Dr. Spock, I don't know if you remember the name, Benjamin Spock, his book was just the most influential parenting bible for decades, through the 50s and the 60s and the 70s.
00:05:28.000 And he talked about the tyranny of the baby who wants to be picked up.
00:05:32.000 He says how you deal with that is you walk out and you shut the door and you don't go back.
00:05:36.000 In other words, you isolate the infant.
00:05:38.000 Now, look at how hunter-gatherers raise their children.
00:05:42.000 They carry their babies everywhere.
00:05:44.000 I met a Cree woman once who told me in our community kids weren't even allowed to touch the ground for two years.
00:05:51.000 They were just held all the time.
00:05:53.000 So it's modern life.
00:05:54.000 It's the pressure and stresses of modern life Acting on parents that makes it so difficult for them to really be there for the kids.
00:06:01.000 Now, my mother's heart was breaking.
00:06:03.000 She went against her own instincts to follow the doctor's advice.
00:06:08.000 Again, you tell a mother rat or a mother baboon to ignore the baby's cries and you find out what mother rage is all about.
00:06:15.000 And what does this effect of not holding babies and not comforting them when they cry?
00:06:21.000 What does this have on the child?
00:06:23.000 Well, let's say you're my friend, okay?
00:06:28.000 And you come to me for help as an adult.
00:06:31.000 And I ignore you.
00:06:33.000 What's the impact on you?
00:06:35.000 What are you going to believe?
00:06:39.000 I don't know.
00:06:40.000 I mean, if you ignore me, I'm going to take into account what the rest of the world says.
00:06:46.000 You might, but what would you believe about my attitude towards you?
00:06:50.000 I would think you're ambivalent.
00:06:52.000 Yeah, and I don't care.
00:06:54.000 Exactly.
00:06:55.000 That's exactly the impact on the child.
00:06:58.000 Not consciously, but unconsciously the child makes the assumption that there's something wrong with me.
00:07:02.000 I'm not lovable.
00:07:04.000 The world is an unsafe place because we learn about Our worlds through how we interact with our caregivers.
00:07:15.000 That's the template.
00:07:16.000 I mean, if you ever raise the puppy dog, you know that how you treat that little infant animal has a huge impact on what kind of a creature they're going to develop into.
00:07:28.000 Well, human beings are the same.
00:07:30.000 In fact, even more so, because we're more dependent and more helpless than the average animal is.
00:07:36.000 So we need that care and that connection even more Powerfully.
00:07:44.000 So when we're lacking it, the infant assumes unconsciously that there's something wrong with them, they're not lovable, the world is not a trusting place.
00:07:54.000 Then we spend our lives acting out from that unconscious belief.
00:08:00.000 So the majority or a large portion of our culture develops as a child with this problem.
00:08:09.000 In this world, yes.
00:08:11.000 In this world, very much so.
00:08:13.000 If you look at what a psychologist friend of mine calls the irreducible needs of children.
00:08:22.000 Irreducible meaning that if you don't meet these needs, there's going to be negative consequences.
00:08:28.000 The first one is unconditional loving acceptance.
00:08:31.000 Just a sense of belonging, attachment, it's called.
00:08:35.000 Connection.
00:08:36.000 The infant needs that.
00:08:39.000 You know how baby elephant is born?
00:08:42.000 When the mother elephant goes into labor, all the mother elephants stand around in a circle.
00:08:48.000 When the infant plops on the ground, they all reach out their trunks and they stroke the infant.
00:08:53.000 That's natural instinct.
00:08:55.000 You belong to us.
00:08:57.000 You're welcome here.
00:08:59.000 The human infant needs that at least as much as the baby elephant.
00:09:03.000 So the first need is this unconditional loving welcome in the world.
00:09:09.000 The second need of the child is That the child shouldn't have to work to be loved, to be accepted.
00:09:18.000 I shouldn't have to be pretty, smart, successful, compliant, good, nice, anything.
00:09:24.000 I shouldn't have to work for what is my birthright, which is to be accepted as a person with value and worth and lovable in their own right.
00:09:36.000 That's the second.
00:09:37.000 The third need is the freedom to experience all our emotions.
00:09:42.000 Okay, all our emotions.
00:09:43.000 Now our brains have emotional circuits.
00:09:48.000 For rage, which we need to protect ourselves.
00:09:52.000 For lust, which we need to reproduce.
00:09:55.000 For seeking curiosity, to explore and get to know our world.
00:10:00.000 And there's other emotional circuits as well.
00:10:05.000 For care, so that we can look after each other.
00:10:07.000 These are circuits that nature, evolution has wired us with.
00:10:11.000 These have been studied.
00:10:15.000 So one of the needs we have is the freedom to experience all our emotions.
00:10:19.000 All our emotions.
00:10:21.000 Our gut feelings and everything else.
00:10:25.000 A lot of parenting experts will tell you an angry child should be made to sit by themselves so they come back to normal.
00:10:33.000 I'm quoting a very famous person here, a psychologist who said this in his book.
00:10:41.000 An angry child should be made to sit by themselves so that they come back to normal.
00:10:46.000 Now, what's the message to the child?
00:10:50.000 Anger is not normal.
00:10:52.000 If you want to belong to us, you have to suppress your anger.
00:10:57.000 Suppressing the anger is a trauma because anger is given to us by nature as a natural boundary defense.
00:11:06.000 If I enter your space in a way that threatens you, you better get angry with me.
00:11:15.000 Get out!
00:11:16.000 That's healthy anger.
00:11:19.000 If I suppress that, If I depress it, push it down, 30 years later you're diagnosed with this disease called depression.
00:11:30.000 It's not a disease.
00:11:32.000 It was your response to the stupid advice of the parenting experts that your mothers and your fathers believed they should follow.
00:11:40.000 It's a coping mechanism.
00:11:41.000 You pushed on the anger to be accepted by your environment, but later on that causes you problems, mental health issues and physical health issues.
00:11:50.000 So when I'm talking about irreducible needs, I'm talking about real needs.
00:11:53.000 And in this society, parents are told to keep ignoring their own parenting instincts, to make the child behave the way they expect them to behave, and the result is a lot of kids are hurt without parent meaning to hurt them.
00:12:08.000 They love their kids.
00:12:09.000 They do their best.
00:12:10.000 But because of this culture, they actually end up hurting the kids.
00:12:15.000 So this is standard in America?
00:12:17.000 Pretty much.
00:12:18.000 And you feel like this is the base of this host of psychological problems?
00:12:24.000 Well, I wouldn't want to put everything down to just one dynamic, but certainly what happens to children in the first three years is a huge template for problems later on.
00:12:36.000 And once a child develops and becomes an adult and has all these issues that are connected to the way they were raised, what can be done then?
00:12:47.000 Well, that's where the process of healing has to begin.
00:12:55.000 By the way, okay, let me deal with the question.
00:13:00.000 What can be done then?
00:13:01.000 Well, the first thing we have to do is to recognize what's going on.
00:13:06.000 What happened to me?
00:13:09.000 If I can talk about my own example.
00:13:12.000 Okay.
00:13:13.000 So, medical doctor, I'm in my 40s, successful physician, newspaper columnist, respected, good income and all that.
00:13:25.000 But I'm a workaholic.
00:13:27.000 I have to be working.
00:13:29.000 If I'm not working, I'm kind of depressed and alienated.
00:13:34.000 Which is how my family experiences me, including my young kids.
00:13:38.000 But why am I that way?
00:13:40.000 Because as a Jewish infant under the Nazis, the message that I got is that the world didn't want me.
00:13:47.000 Now, not because the Nazis directly affected me as an infant, although we lived under Nazi occupation in my first year of life.
00:13:54.000 So my mother was, our life was under daily threat.
00:13:58.000 In the book there's a painting of my mother and I with her running a yellow star When I was 11 months old, she handed me the complete stranger in the street to save my life in Budapest.
00:14:13.000 I stood on that very pavement just a couple of months ago when I visited my birth city.
00:14:19.000 So she gives me the total stranger To convey me to some relatives in hiding because she thinks where we're living I'm not going to survive another day.
00:14:28.000 So she does this to save my life.
00:14:30.000 But what message do I get?
00:14:32.000 I don't know that there are Nazis.
00:14:34.000 I don't know that my mother is passing me on to a stranger to save my life.
00:14:39.000 What sense do I get?
00:14:41.000 I'm being abandoned.
00:14:43.000 I'm not wanted.
00:14:45.000 I'm not lovable.
00:14:48.000 Well, if you're not lovable, if you're not wanted, one of the things you can do is to go to medical school.
00:14:54.000 Because now they're going to want you all the time.
00:14:56.000 And every day you get to prove to yourself how important you are, how much they want you, and how essential you are to everybody's life.
00:15:05.000 What message do my kids get?
00:15:08.000 When daddy's not around all the time.
00:15:10.000 Or when he's around, he's kind of in withdrawal from workaholism.
00:15:16.000 They get the same message.
00:15:18.000 So we pass it on.
00:15:19.000 This is what trauma is.
00:15:20.000 We pass it on unwittingly from one generation to the next.
00:15:24.000 And we don't even know we're doing it.
00:15:26.000 I didn't know I was doing it.
00:15:28.000 So, you know, when you say how do we, at some point you have to say, so there I'm a successful doctor, columnist and so on, but I'm depressed.
00:15:37.000 At some point I have to start asking, and my kids are afraid of me.
00:15:41.000 I have to start asking myself, what's going on here?
00:15:45.000 Why is this tension in my family?
00:15:47.000 Why are my wife and I breathing together at this point?
00:15:53.000 54 years coming this November.
00:15:56.000 But when our kids were small, we had a very tense marriage.
00:16:00.000 And I have to start asking myself, what's going on?
00:16:04.000 And that's when you start looking for the answers.
00:16:07.000 So the first thing is we have to recognize that the way it is is not working.
00:16:12.000 And maybe it doesn't have to be this way.
00:16:15.000 So how did you go about shifting the way you think about your life and the world and being a workaholic and becoming what you feel like?
00:16:25.000 Do you feel like now you're a healthy person?
00:16:30.000 You should ask me that.
00:16:32.000 Relatively?
00:16:32.000 You should ask me that on my deathbed, okay?
00:16:34.000 Because then I'll give you the final answer.
00:16:36.000 Well, right now.
00:16:37.000 How do you feel right now?
00:16:38.000 I've come a long way.
00:16:39.000 I'm much more balanced.
00:16:41.000 I'm not 100% there.
00:16:43.000 I'm not.
00:16:44.000 What's missing?
00:16:46.000 Every once in a while when I get triggered, I still can behave like I had never learned anything at all.
00:16:53.000 You know, sometimes when you're triggered, the circuits in your brain that can regulate you and guide you, ground you, go offline.
00:17:05.000 I can still go offline sometimes, but much less than I ever used to and I come back to groundedness much more rapidly.
00:17:12.000 I also have learned how to take care of myself.
00:17:15.000 But I've done a lot of work to sort out all the traumas that I experienced as a child.
00:17:21.000 So it's taken a lot of work.
00:17:23.000 And what kind of thing really triggers you?
00:17:30.000 When I'm not understood.
00:17:32.000 When you're not understood, really?
00:17:34.000 When I'm not seen, when I perceive myself as not being respected for who I am.
00:17:41.000 And I don't mean respect for what I do.
00:17:43.000 I mean, people can disagree with what I do and I don't take that as a sign of disrespect.
00:17:48.000 It's just a disagreement.
00:17:50.000 But when I'm not respected just for who I am as a person.
00:17:53.000 As a human being?
00:17:54.000 As a human being, yeah.
00:17:55.000 So if someone insults you or someone dismisses you or treats you like shit?
00:17:59.000 Very often I can see that as their problem.
00:18:01.000 They're projecting something on me.
00:18:03.000 I'm sure you've had the same experience.
00:18:05.000 Sure.
00:18:05.000 In fact, I know you had because I saw your interview with Lex Friedman.
00:18:11.000 And he talked about how you handled...
00:18:16.000 The negative vibes that come your way sometimes.
00:18:18.000 So sometimes I can see that as their issue.
00:18:21.000 But if I'm particularly vulnerable, maybe stressed, maybe I haven't taken care of myself, maybe I haven't swum for a few days, so my nervous system is on edge, then maybe I can take it personally and then I can get triggered.
00:18:31.000 That seems like one of the best forms of medicine, some sort of rigorous exercise.
00:18:37.000 You don't want to talk to me if I haven't swum for a couple of days.
00:18:40.000 Swimming is your thing.
00:18:41.000 That's my thing.
00:18:41.000 It's a great one.
00:18:42.000 It's a great one because it's physically exhausting.
00:18:45.000 It exhausts the muscles, the cardiovascular system.
00:18:48.000 The mind gets in that meditative state of constantly stroking, constantly kicking.
00:18:53.000 And you have to breathe, don't you?
00:18:55.000 It's like a...
00:18:56.000 And so I do that 50 minutes an hour a day and it makes a huge difference for me.
00:19:02.000 And when you do that, do you do it with the intent of enjoying it, or do you do it saying that this is the necessary work I have to do, or is it a combination of both?
00:19:12.000 For me, it's enjoyable.
00:19:14.000 I look forward to stretching my body in the pool and just getting that rhythm, as you say, going.
00:19:19.000 Getting the breathing going.
00:19:22.000 And just notice the thoughts.
00:19:24.000 Oh, next weekend I'm going to be on Joe Rogan, you know?
00:19:27.000 And notice that those thoughts come and go, but not stay with them.
00:19:32.000 Just watch the video in my mind as I swim, you know?
00:19:37.000 Yeah.
00:19:39.000 How old were you when you recognized that you really had a problem?
00:19:45.000 I would say I was in my early 40s, early to mid 40s, I would say.
00:19:49.000 So what were the first steps that you did to try to come out of that and just evolve your process?
00:19:58.000 Yeah.
00:19:59.000 I will answer that, but I have to tell you as well that this is not separate from my medical work either, because in my medical practice I began to notice that who got sick and who didn't wasn't accidental.
00:20:10.000 There were certain traumatic imprints in people who got physically ill and mentally ill, who got addicted and so on.
00:20:17.000 So what I saw in medical practice kind of melded with what I experienced in my own life.
00:20:25.000 So my steps were both to start talking to my patients and to find out about their lives, and I began to see the commonalities amongst people, including myself and my patients.
00:20:37.000 It doesn't matter how addicted or how ill they were, there was always something about them that I could recognize in myself.
00:20:43.000 And I began to go for therapy.
00:20:45.000 And I began to really research the child developmental and trauma literature.
00:20:50.000 And the more I did, the more I learned.
00:20:53.000 And then, you know, eventually, like you, I got into psychedelic work as well.
00:20:57.000 That didn't happen until much later.
00:20:59.000 But it was all that.
00:21:02.000 And what psychedelic work did you do?
00:21:04.000 And how did that help you?
00:21:05.000 How did that happen?
00:21:06.000 So my book on Addiction in the Realm of Hungry Ghosts, Close Encounters with Addiction, was published in 2009 in Canada and in 2010 in the States, in which I point out that addiction is always, always, always rooted in trauma.
00:21:21.000 Always?
00:21:22.000 Always, 100%.
00:21:23.000 What about genetics?
00:21:23.000 Do they play a factor or is the genetics just related also to trauma?
00:21:27.000 Well, here's the interesting thing about genetics.
00:21:29.000 You know what the best letter I ever received was?
00:21:33.000 It was for a woman who was 48, and she wrote me from somewhere in the States.
00:21:38.000 She sent me an email to thank me for the birth of her four-year-old child.
00:21:43.000 She said, we just celebrated my daughter's four-year birthday, thanks to you.
00:21:48.000 She said, because my husband used to be an alcoholic, and he used to believe that his alcoholism was genetically determined.
00:21:55.000 So he didn't want to have a child because he didn't want to pass on the alcoholism gene because he had suffered so badly.
00:22:02.000 But then he read your book, and he realized it wasn't genetics at all.
00:22:05.000 It was trauma.
00:22:07.000 As a result, and I was just at the edge of the childbearing years.
00:22:11.000 I was 44. So now we have this four-year-old child.
00:22:14.000 Thank you.
00:22:15.000 And I thought this is the best praise I've ever got because I've been thanked quite often for saving people's lives, but never for causing one long distance.
00:22:25.000 So go back to your question about genetics.
00:22:27.000 There's no gene for addictions.
00:22:30.000 I don't care what they tell you.
00:22:34.000 What they are, there are some genes that make it more likely that you might become addicted, but they don't cause addiction as such.
00:22:41.000 In fact, the genes have nothing to do with addictions at all.
00:22:46.000 Now you say, well, how come?
00:22:47.000 You know, my father was an alcoholic, my grandfather was an alcoholic, I'm an alcoholic.
00:22:51.000 It's not the gene that's passed on, it's the trauma that's passed on.
00:22:54.000 Because what's it like to grow up in a home with alcoholism?
00:22:57.000 Now, there are some genes that make some kids more prone to have mental health conditions and addictions and so on, but there's no gene that causes any specific mental health illness, any specific addiction.
00:23:13.000 What there are is a large group of genes that the more of them you have, the more likely you are to have any mental health conditions, including addictions.
00:23:22.000 But, you can have those same genes and be a perfectly happy, successful, joyful, creative person, depending on how the environment acts on those genes.
00:23:32.000 Which means that the genes are not for disease, they're for sensitivity.
00:23:37.000 And the more sensitive you are, when things go well, the happier you are.
00:23:43.000 When things go badly, the more unhappy you are, the more pain you have, the more you have to run away from pain, and that's where the addiction comes in.
00:23:51.000 So the genes are not for addiction as such, and most of my profession gets this completely wrong.
00:23:56.000 So yes, there's a genetic predisposition not to addiction as such, but to either joy or suffering, depending on what the environment does when it acts on you.
00:24:11.000 I forgot where this conversation began, but this is where we are now.
00:24:14.000 Well, we're just talking about addiction and genetics and whether or not...
00:24:18.000 You know, when you hear about families that have a history of alcoholism, we just assume, based on what we're told, that that's because this is...
00:24:29.000 The gene.
00:24:29.000 Yeah, and it's probably the part of the world your ancestors are from and whether or not they had a history of abusing alcohol and there's genetic predetermining factors...
00:24:40.000 Okay, there's a great example to refute that right here in the United States.
00:24:48.000 So prior to colonization, the native people had no problem with addiction at all.
00:24:57.000 And they even had some alcohol in the New Mexico area.
00:25:01.000 Really?
00:25:02.000 Yeah, apparently so.
00:25:04.000 There was all these other plants around, by the way.
00:25:06.000 There was no addiction.
00:25:08.000 Then you traumatize that population.
00:25:11.000 You subject them to the extermination and the...
00:25:16.000 Destruction of their ways of life and their culture.
00:25:18.000 Like in Canada, we have a terrible problem.
00:25:21.000 When I worked with addictions in Vancouver's downtown Eastside, 30% of my clients were indigenous people.
00:25:27.000 They make up 5% of the population.
00:25:29.000 30% of the men in jail in Canada, 50% of the women in jail in Canada are indigenous people.
00:25:39.000 They have much more addiction, child abuse, mental health issues, suicide, violence.
00:25:47.000 Maybe you heard about the stabbings up in Canada right now.
00:25:50.000 It was in an indigenous community.
00:25:52.000 Why?
00:25:53.000 Because they were so traumatized by what happened to them and for a hundred years their children were abducted from their homes by the state and the church, sent to these residential schools where they were sexually, physically, emotionally abused.
00:26:06.000 I had a I met a woman.
00:26:08.000 By the way, remember where we started talking about snog.
00:26:10.000 You're asking about psychedelic work, so I'll come back to that in a minute.
00:26:14.000 I was in a psychedelic ceremony with some indigenous people in Canada maybe about eight years ago now.
00:26:21.000 I met a woman who was taken from her family by law, abducted by the police, taken to the university school.
00:26:33.000 The parents weren't even allowed to visit these kids.
00:26:38.000 Her first day in school as a four-year-old, she spoke her tribal language.
00:26:45.000 You know what the punishment was?
00:26:47.000 They stuck a pen through her tongue.
00:26:49.000 This was in the 1960s in Canada.
00:26:52.000 1950s, I'm sorry, late 1950s.
00:26:54.000 For a whole hour, this little girl couldn't put her needle, couldn't put her tongue back in her mouth for fear of cutting her lips.
00:27:01.000 That's before the sexual abuse began.
00:27:03.000 By the time she was 9 years old, she was an alcoholic.
00:27:06.000 By the time she was 20 years old, she was a heroin addict.
00:27:09.000 Nor her grandchildren, nor heroin addicts.
00:27:11.000 What's being passed on here is the trauma, not the addiction.
00:27:16.000 Now, the reason I began to talk about addiction is after that book came out showing the relationship between addiction and trauma, I would travel and I'd be speaking and people would ask me, what do you know about ayahuasca and the healing of addiction?
00:27:30.000 I'd say I know nothing.
00:27:33.000 Next city.
00:27:34.000 Hey, what do you know about addiction and anything of trauma?
00:27:37.000 Nothing.
00:27:39.000 Finally got sick of it.
00:27:41.000 I've just written a book.
00:27:42.000 I've just spent three years writing a book and you keep asking about the one thing I don't know anything about.
00:27:46.000 But you know what?
00:27:47.000 The universe is a way of knocking at our doors.
00:27:51.000 And somebody said to me, did you know you could actually do this up here in Vancouver?
00:27:55.000 I said, okay, this is the message.
00:27:57.000 I gotta do it.
00:27:58.000 I did the ayahuasca, and in half an hour I got why I'd been asked that question.
00:28:04.000 I just got it.
00:28:06.000 Because with the ayahuasca and the chanting, I had these tears of love flowing down my cheeks.
00:28:15.000 Not love for any one particular person, just open-heartedness.
00:28:20.000 It was amazing.
00:28:22.000 And I understood something.
00:28:24.000 How close I had been to love all my life, even to my spouse and to my children and to the world.
00:28:30.000 Why was my heart so closed?
00:28:32.000 Because it had been bruised so early and so we closed down our hearts.
00:28:36.000 We don't even know what that kind of love is.
00:28:39.000 So with this plant, that opened up.
00:28:41.000 And I also got the pain of what happens to us when we close our hearts.
00:28:47.000 All of us human beings, it really hurts.
00:28:49.000 And then we have to protect ourselves from that pain with drugs and behaviors and sex and gambling and work and everything else.
00:28:56.000 So I got that if we can both feel the pain that we've been running from all our lives, But also maybe experience the love that's underneath all that pain.
00:29:11.000 We don't have to keep running.
00:29:14.000 No, it's not that simple.
00:29:16.000 And it's not like overnight I was a changed person.
00:29:18.000 Believe me, I wasn't.
00:29:20.000 But at least I saw the possibilities.
00:29:23.000 And then I decided I'm going to work with this plant.
00:29:26.000 I'm going to help others with this plant.
00:29:27.000 I'm going to help myself with this plant.
00:29:29.000 So that's how I got into psychedelic work.
00:29:32.000 So this one experience, you have this revelation, you feel this love and you understand that you have been closed off to this your whole life.
00:29:42.000 Do you need subsequent experiences?
00:29:45.000 Do you just internalize and reflect and try to sort things out?
00:29:51.000 What is the process for you?
00:29:54.000 Well, what you said should have been the process, but I didn't know that yet.
00:29:58.000 You know, I had this thing and then the Buddha has got this Terrifying story that he tells.
00:30:09.000 It's one of the metaphoric stories that he tells of this two strong men dragging a third man towards an abyss.
00:30:16.000 They're going to throw him into the pit.
00:30:18.000 And he resists, but he's not strong enough to resist.
00:30:22.000 The Buddha, the two strong men he called it, are habit energies.
00:30:27.000 They're ingrained habits, beliefs, subconscious emotions, everything that's driving us.
00:30:39.000 And if we want to overcome those habit energies, we have to do what you just said.
00:30:44.000 Integrate, work on it, reflect, hang out with it.
00:30:48.000 I didn't do that.
00:30:49.000 I just plunged back into my work colors.
00:30:51.000 I'm not going to save the world using this plant.
00:30:53.000 And I started leading retreats and I did a great job helping others.
00:30:58.000 But I didn't go far enough with myself.
00:31:00.000 So that's something I had to learn.
00:31:01.000 How did you recognize that?
00:31:06.000 Well, I can tell you a story.
00:31:09.000 Sure.
00:31:10.000 So it's in the book.
00:31:14.000 2019, this is like three years ago now, in June, I flew to Peru.
00:31:22.000 To lead an ayahuasca retreat for physicians and the healers and psychiatrists and psychologists, counselors from around the world.
00:31:31.000 And by that time, I had a worldwide reputation.
00:31:35.000 My books had been published in 30 languages.
00:31:37.000 So people, healers, came from all over the world to work with me in the Amazon jungle at this ayahuasca center.
00:31:46.000 No, I don't lead the ceremonies.
00:31:47.000 I'm not a shaman.
00:31:48.000 So my role is not to give the brew or to lead the ceremony, but to help people formulate their intention.
00:31:58.000 And after the experience, to help them integrate it, to help them understand what happened to them.
00:32:05.000 I'm adept at doing that.
00:32:08.000 So we do the first ceremony and there are six shamans, maestros and maestras, three men, three women.
00:32:16.000 These beautiful short little people stand up to my eyebrows.
00:32:23.000 There's a first ceremony in the Malacca, the tent-like building in which the ceremony is held.
00:32:30.000 And they chant.
00:32:31.000 Each of them chant.
00:32:32.000 There's 24 of us.
00:32:34.000 There's 23 participants that came out of the world, from all over the world, four continents, to work with me in the jungle.
00:32:41.000 And there's me.
00:32:47.000 When the shamans come to chant to me, all six of them, in turn, I'm sitting there thinking, you can do your best, but this brain is too thick.
00:32:56.000 You're not going to get through.
00:32:57.000 This skull is too thick.
00:32:58.000 Try and break through this one.
00:33:00.000 And not much happens.
00:33:04.000 Next morning they send a delegation to me.
00:33:07.000 And they say, we can't have you in ceremony.
00:33:12.000 Why not?
00:33:13.000 Because we think that you have such dark, dense energy that affects everybody else in the room, and it interferes with our capacity to help the others.
00:33:22.000 And because of this dark energy that you're carrying, our Icaros, our chance, can't penetrate you.
00:33:29.000 What's causing them to have this reaction?
00:33:33.000 What are you doing?
00:33:34.000 Well, it's not what I'm doing.
00:33:37.000 It's my fixed belief.
00:33:40.000 And how do they know about this fixed belief?
00:33:42.000 How's it manifesting?
00:33:43.000 Because they're shamans.
00:33:45.000 They just feel it.
00:33:46.000 They sense it.
00:33:47.000 They're highly trained people.
00:33:48.000 They pick up on energies.
00:33:50.000 I don't say anything and they don't know who the heck I am.
00:33:53.000 They're not impressed with my reputation and my international standing or the books that I've published.
00:34:01.000 They just pick it up.
00:34:03.000 That's what shamans do.
00:34:04.000 That's what a good shaman does.
00:34:05.000 So they said, Our chance can't penetrate it, but worse than that, it's affecting the others.
00:34:15.000 So we want to help the others.
00:34:16.000 We can't have you in the room.
00:34:17.000 And furthermore, they said, we think you have worked with so many traumatized people in your life, and you've absorbed their traumas, and you haven't cleared it out of yourself.
00:34:27.000 And furthermore, they said, when you were very small, we think you had a big scare and you haven't got over it yet.
00:34:34.000 This is me at age 75. In the book, I'll show you a painting, if I may.
00:34:44.000 This is from the first chapter.
00:34:47.000 This is a painting that my wife did from a photograph.
00:34:54.000 The photograph is in the upper left-hand corner of the painting of my mother and I at three months of age.
00:34:59.000 You notice she's wearing the yellow star that Jews had to wear under the Nazis.
00:35:04.000 What do you see in the expression?
00:35:06.000 You mean a traumatized baby?
00:35:07.000 Yeah.
00:35:08.000 These people picked that up 75 years later.
00:35:12.000 And so what they did is they assigned one shaman to work with me alone.
00:35:17.000 And I had my own ceremonies over 10 days every second night.
00:35:20.000 Wow.
00:35:21.000 And the other five worked with the rest of the group.
00:35:26.000 And so they fired me for my own retreat.
00:35:28.000 Now, my ego didn't like that very much, but, you know, these people came all over the world to work with me, and now you're telling me I can't do this?
00:35:37.000 Yeah, we're telling you you can't do this.
00:35:38.000 I said, yeah, I get it.
00:35:40.000 Do you recognize that they were correct?
00:35:43.000 I knew right away they were correct.
00:35:44.000 And I accepted it.
00:35:46.000 And so this guy worked with me for five nights, and by the fifth night, I had the big breakthrough experience.
00:35:55.000 Yeah.
00:35:55.000 So what I'm saying is that...
00:35:59.000 What was the big breakthrough?
00:36:02.000 I won't...
00:36:03.000 I describe it in some detail in the book, but you've had those experiences and as far as I can tell, it's very difficult to describe them in language because they're like beyond words, you know?
00:36:16.000 But the download I got...
00:36:21.000 Yes, my grandparents died in Auschwitz when I was five months of age.
00:36:26.000 Yes, my mother was terrorized and stressed.
00:36:29.000 Yes, I was a very scared little infant.
00:36:33.000 Yes, the world was a terrible place to be born into, that place at that time.
00:36:39.000 But that doesn't have to define who I am.
00:36:42.000 It doesn't have to define how I trust the world or how I don't.
00:36:46.000 It doesn't have to make me defensive and scared anymore because there's also love and there's also acceptance and there's also a reality that's much bigger than the trauma that happened to me.
00:36:59.000 So it kind of liberated me from having to drag that experience around in my soul the way I really had.
00:37:06.000 So you feel like up until that point you couldn't accept the fact that there was love in the world.
00:37:12.000 There was good things to focus on.
00:37:14.000 You were too consumed by your own personal trauma.
00:37:17.000 You know, everything works in layers.
00:37:21.000 So in many ways I did accept it.
00:37:23.000 And if you had asked me, I would have said yes, the world can be a beautiful, loving, accepting place.
00:37:29.000 But on some deep emotional level, I couldn't allow myself to feel it.
00:37:34.000 So you had perhaps developed a pattern of thinking that was insurmountable and that even though you had had psychedelic experiences and even though you thought you were doing a great thing by bringing people to these ceremonies and exposing them to the mother and all that comes with it,
00:37:54.000 you had not changed the way you really viewed the world.
00:37:59.000 Well, again, that's true in a very deep sense, but again, it's sort of relative because I've seen a lot of people heal.
00:38:07.000 I had guided them to healing.
00:38:09.000 I've seen miracles.
00:38:10.000 But you know that sometimes people do that.
00:38:13.000 They concentrate on others instead of concentrating on themselves because it's kind of easier to fix other people's problems.
00:38:18.000 But that's exactly the case.
00:38:20.000 Yeah.
00:38:21.000 That was one of those.
00:38:22.000 But also because One of the impacts of trauma is that you feel so alone with it.
00:38:30.000 So everybody thinks that they're uniquely traumatized.
00:38:33.000 So even though I knew intellectually that wasn't the case, and I knew how to work with people who had terrible experiences, I mean much worse than mine, I just couldn't allow that to penetrate me very deeply, as deeply as it needed to.
00:38:49.000 And what these shamans helped me to do was to kind of help remove Another skin of the onion, let me put it that way.
00:38:56.000 It's more like the skin of the onion.
00:38:58.000 It's not one layer.
00:38:59.000 There's different layers.
00:39:01.000 I've been through many layers, very important.
00:39:03.000 But what I can tell you is that since that experience, people who have seen me before, they say there's more lightness about me than there used to be.
00:39:15.000 So people pick up on it.
00:39:17.000 I wish I'd met you before.
00:39:19.000 When I was really dark and dour?
00:39:21.000 Yeah, I'd like to see what the difference is.
00:39:23.000 Because I've met people that have changed because of psychedelic experiences.
00:39:29.000 And I certainly have changed.
00:39:32.000 So I kind of would have liked to have met me.
00:39:34.000 So how would you summarize your experience with them?
00:39:38.000 I don't mean the different experiences, but in terms of the transformation that you've experienced.
00:39:43.000 Much kinder.
00:39:46.000 I grew up in competition and most of my teenage years were spent competing in martial arts competitions.
00:39:57.000 Well, I know I read somewhere about you that you said that you hated the idea of losing.
00:40:02.000 Yeah.
00:40:02.000 I hated the idea of weakness.
00:40:04.000 I didn't even like the fact that I enjoyed sex, because sex to me seemed like pleasure, and pleasure seemed like a lazy, weak way to approach life.
00:40:15.000 But I was very dedicated to winning.
00:40:18.000 I was very dedicated to being the best.
00:40:21.000 And that mindset is very ruthless, and it takes a long time to get that out of your system.
00:40:31.000 So when you say dedicated to being the best, there's two ways you can be the best.
00:40:35.000 We can be the best version of ourselves, or we can be better than anybody else.
00:40:39.000 Which best were you thinking about?
00:40:41.000 I was trying to be the measurable best at a specific form of competition.
00:40:46.000 Yeah.
00:40:46.000 Where you're just essentially trying to hurt people.
00:40:49.000 Take one door.
00:40:50.000 Yeah.
00:40:51.000 Yeah, so the problem with that is it's to be the best, you have to be Insanely dedicated to this one thing and you have to be pretty ruthless.
00:41:02.000 Yeah, I understand.
00:41:03.000 You know and it took a while for me to realize what that was.
00:41:08.000 It took a while for me to realize that My desire to do that was not a healthy desire and that it was a desire based on trying to acquire love and respect and the appreciation of others.
00:41:25.000 And I was trying to do it through accomplishments.
00:41:27.000 And are you aware of the trauma that led you to believe those things?
00:41:30.000 Yeah.
00:41:31.000 No, my path is pretty clear.
00:41:34.000 I mean, my childhood was very fucked up, and my father was very physically abusive, and my mother left him when I was five years old, and there's a lot.
00:41:44.000 There's a lot there.
00:41:45.000 I get it, yeah.
00:41:46.000 No, I don't want to, by the way, create the impression that I'm some kind of a psychedelic evangelist.
00:41:51.000 I think psychedelics have a role, but it's somewhat of a limited role overall in healing and when it comes to social issues and even individual healing.
00:42:01.000 So it's not like...
00:42:04.000 It's not the only thing.
00:42:06.000 It's not the only thing.
00:42:08.000 And certainly in my experience, it's a relatively small part of what I do, but it's a very cherished part of what I do.
00:42:15.000 Well, the experiences are so profound and so significant, but they are just a day, and then whatever more you do.
00:42:28.000 There's a lot of days, you know, and so it's very easy to go back to baseline.
00:42:32.000 It's very easy to slip back into your old way of thinking.
00:42:35.000 One of the ways that I describe psychedelic experiences like a real DMT experience is that it's like Control-Alt-Delete for your brain.
00:42:43.000 So your brain reboots and then you're left with an empty desktop, but with one folder.
00:42:49.000 And that folder is labeled my old bullshit.
00:42:52.000 And you can either choose to approach life with a completely new perspective because you've had this experience, or you can comfortably and easily slip back into that old my old bullshit folder.
00:43:07.000 And most people do that.
00:43:09.000 Yeah, and I would say that's true for me as well.
00:43:12.000 But the learning continues.
00:43:15.000 But overall, there's so many issues and so many problems in this culture, and psychedelics will never be the answer.
00:43:24.000 No.
00:43:25.000 It's not the answer, but it's one of the answers.
00:43:27.000 It's one of the answers, for sure.
00:43:31.000 Yeah.
00:43:32.000 And having people know that there is some sort of a deeply profound transformative option, this thing that happens that brings you into this other dimension, which truly feels like another dimension.
00:43:47.000 I don't exactly know what's going on, but whether it is or isn't another dimension, it has the feel of another dimension.
00:43:54.000 I think it opens up A part of our brain and consciousness that's usually not accessible to us.
00:44:00.000 I mean, some people get there with our psychedelics, don't they?
00:44:03.000 They have these...
00:44:04.000 Holotropic breathing.
00:44:06.000 Or just deep meditation for some people.
00:44:09.000 But that's also igniting endogenous.
00:44:11.000 I mean, if you look at...
00:44:12.000 Yeah, that's what I'm saying.
00:44:13.000 So it's in our brain, that capacity.
00:44:15.000 Psychedelics get us there much quicker.
00:44:18.000 But, you know, sometimes it's even very frustrating because...
00:44:21.000 The person who drove me this morning to your studio, he's a vet.
00:44:29.000 And he's got friends with severe PTSD. And we know specifically there's a plant called Iboga, Ibogaine.
00:44:41.000 That's been shown by experience.
00:44:43.000 First of all, it's got this amazing quality that it can get people of heroin overnight.
00:44:49.000 Yeah.
00:44:49.000 You know, and I've seen that personally.
00:44:51.000 I've done it myself.
00:44:52.000 It's not for the faint-hearted, by the way.
00:44:54.000 What did Ibogaine do for you?
00:44:59.000 You know what?
00:44:59.000 I'm going to figure out what I was saying.
00:45:00.000 Okay, go ahead.
00:45:01.000 Yeah, we'll go back to that.
00:45:02.000 So this man who was driving here was talking about, and I was saying, you know what?
00:45:06.000 There's actually a plant called iboga, iboga, and iboga is the plant that is really good for PTSD. And there's people working with it south of the border here, but they can't work with it in the U.S. because in the U.S. it's illegal, which is insanity.
00:45:21.000 It's insanity.
00:45:23.000 And he said, actually, this friend of mine with severe PTSD has actually gone south of the border.
00:45:28.000 And working with one of the universities who was doing a study on it, I said, oh good.
00:45:33.000 And he says, the driver, he says, there's already been such profound changes in my friend.
00:45:38.000 Now what the hell are we doing?
00:45:40.000 Making that illegal.
00:45:42.000 Instead of embracing it and researching it.
00:45:44.000 Yeah, it's not harming people.
00:45:45.000 That's the thing about ibogaine is it's not an addictive substance.
00:45:49.000 It's almost impossible to be addicted to it.
00:45:51.000 Who would want to do it anyway?
00:45:54.000 Well, I have never done it, so I'm just going on other people's experiences, but it doesn't seem like something that you would ever want to do a lot.
00:46:01.000 What was it like for you?
00:46:03.000 It was one of the toughest experiences of my life.
00:46:08.000 You're so loose control.
00:46:12.000 I felt pretty dark and heavy at times.
00:46:17.000 Afterwards I felt very clear.
00:46:21.000 Dark and heavy how so?
00:46:23.000 Sorry?
00:46:24.000 Dark and heavy how so?
00:46:26.000 How did it feel dark and heavy?
00:46:27.000 In the body, and there's nothing you can do to change it, like if you're feeling comfortable in your body, and there's nothing you can do to change it, Yeah.
00:46:40.000 That feels pretty scary, you know?
00:46:43.000 Now, even though I know that this experience will end.
00:46:46.000 Now, again, I have to say that I'm more resistant to psychedelics than most people.
00:46:51.000 I have a pretty thick skull, as I told you before, and it takes a lot to get through to me.
00:47:03.000 I keep getting worried that we keep talking about psychedelics and there's so much more that I want to say.
00:47:06.000 No, but there's plenty of time.
00:47:07.000 Don't worry about it.
00:47:08.000 Okay, great.
00:47:10.000 So, in March of this year, I... Did a mushroom ceremony with some indigenous Canadians on their land.
00:47:20.000 It was one of the deepest experiences of my whole life.
00:47:24.000 But the dose that I took was triple or quadruple the dose that most people take, just because it takes a lot.
00:47:31.000 What was the dose?
00:47:32.000 16 grams.
00:47:33.000 Whoa!
00:47:37.000 That's going deep.
00:47:38.000 And it took me deep.
00:47:39.000 It was beautiful.
00:47:41.000 It was great.
00:47:41.000 It was a great experience of my life.
00:47:43.000 How long did it last?
00:47:45.000 About seven, eight hours, something like that.
00:47:47.000 And, you know, it rains.
00:47:48.000 And then I sat outside with one of my indigenous friends, who I'd never met before, but we were blood brothers right away.
00:47:56.000 And it was this beautiful mountain and bison grazing in the field in the sunset.
00:48:02.000 And, oh my God, the beauty of it all.
00:48:05.000 And the...
00:48:08.000 And the lovingness of it all, you know, and the companionship and the camaraderie of it all.
00:48:16.000 And these people have really suffered.
00:48:19.000 And their suffering was right there as well.
00:48:21.000 They asked me to participate to help them with the trauma part.
00:48:27.000 So it was one of the most poignant but also most beautiful experiences of my life.
00:48:31.000 But it took a lot to get me there.
00:48:33.000 Yeah, the North American indigenous cultures and I think you could say the same about Australia and some of these other countries that have been occupied.
00:48:41.000 It's one of the most devastating things in modern times and it's not discussed.
00:48:48.000 We have relegated them to reservations and they're kind of removed from the cultural conversation as far as like people in this country that are troubled.
00:48:58.000 You know, we think often of slavery, which is also horrific.
00:49:01.000 We think often of immigrants from other countries that are disparaged and experience racism.
00:49:07.000 But we don't think about the native indigenous people that were here that had everything taken away from them.
00:49:15.000 That's the colonial mindset, is that the indigenous people, they don't matter.
00:49:20.000 Right.
00:49:20.000 You know, I read this book about Quanah Parker.
00:49:24.000 Do you know that name?
00:49:24.000 Yeah, sure.
00:49:25.000 Yeah, was it The Empire of the...
00:49:27.000 Summer Moon.
00:49:28.000 Summer Moon, yeah.
00:49:29.000 Beautiful book.
00:49:30.000 Yeah, we have a photograph of Quanah Parker outside.
00:49:33.000 Was that him out there?
00:49:33.000 Mm-hmm.
00:49:34.000 Okay, yeah.
00:49:35.000 And I quote him in this book, and I do talk a lot about not just the indigenous experience, but also the wisdom they had.
00:49:43.000 And they have.
00:49:44.000 If only we were willing to learn what they have to teach, not that we have to give up our science and our medicine and our technological achievements, but my God, if you could infuse some of that with the wisdom that they have to offer us, but we're so bloody arrogant, primitive,
00:50:00.000 we have nothing to learn from them, you know, and yet they have so much to teach.
00:50:05.000 They do.
00:50:05.000 I mean, and they most certainly had an incredible way of living with nature.
00:50:11.000 Yeah.
00:50:11.000 They were also incredibly ruthless and also to other North American tribes.
00:50:16.000 Yeah.
00:50:16.000 I mean, the way they lived their life was absolutely savage and barbaric.
00:50:22.000 Sort of like the white man, no?
00:50:25.000 Sort of.
00:50:26.000 I mean, there's certainly parallels to all sorts of conquerors in the way they treat their victims.
00:50:33.000 It seems to be a human characteristic of cruelty, and I think part of that is based on the fear of being conquered yourself, or the fear of being captured and killed and have someone else's will imposed upon you,
00:50:51.000 so they impose it upon others.
00:50:53.000 I know they were quite capable of terrible cruelties.
00:50:56.000 I wouldn't put them any different from anybody else on that level.
00:51:00.000 I mean, when I think of all the tortures and massacres and cruelties, you know, that people have...
00:51:05.000 It's a human characteristic.
00:51:06.000 Well, it's human characteristic under certain conditions.
00:51:09.000 Yes.
00:51:10.000 Yeah, for sure.
00:51:11.000 Well, unfortunately, it's more common.
00:51:15.000 Like, the human cruelty, you know, whether or not it exists in cultures, is more common than not.
00:51:23.000 At a certain stage of history, that's true.
00:51:25.000 I might give you an argument that it needs to be that way.
00:51:30.000 In small band hunter-gatherer groups, it doesn't seem to be quite like that.
00:51:36.000 Until they're invaded.
00:51:37.000 Until they're invaded.
00:51:38.000 Or until they go too large and the territory gets a matter of competition.
00:51:44.000 So I do think that And I do discuss this as well.
00:51:49.000 I do think that we're very much creatures of our environment and so that what shows up as human nature is very often human nature as it is determined or influenced by a certain culture or a certain set of circumstances.
00:52:09.000 Yeah.
00:52:12.000 When you think about the way human beings evolved, it seems like we have a brain and a body that really is designed for these small groups of humans, like 200 people.
00:52:27.000 That's right.
00:52:28.000 That's the design.
00:52:30.000 That seems like when we're in symbiosis, when we're in harmony, when everything is working and it works well, that's when it works well.
00:52:42.000 Exactly.
00:52:43.000 When you get to Los Angeles, this indifferent mass of human beings that's impossible to scale.
00:52:50.000 When you look at the numbers of New York City, people stacked on top of each other, and the indifference they show towards each other, and the disdain they have for other people.
00:52:59.000 Because other people, instead of becoming a valuable part of the community, they become a detriment to your ability to move around.
00:53:07.000 That's all true.
00:53:08.000 And then the question is, can we somehow learn what we've lost and meld that with modern civilization?
00:53:17.000 That's the real question.
00:53:19.000 In this culture, where the general belief is that greed and competition and aggressive interaction and selfishness and aggression are the way to make it,
00:53:40.000 It's very difficult for people to get to that place of communal kindness.
00:53:46.000 But when you talk about human nature, you talked about the kindness that you think you've attained or found that you've attained through your psychedelic work, for example.
00:53:57.000 I don't know if you can answer this question, but I'd be curious.
00:54:01.000 Which feels more like yourself?
00:54:03.000 This kinder state of being or kind of the aggressive, I gotta be there.
00:54:10.000 Biggest MF on the block.
00:54:13.000 Are they both equally you?
00:54:15.000 No.
00:54:16.000 Which one feels more like you?
00:54:17.000 The kind part.
00:54:18.000 The other part is just a means to an end.
00:54:22.000 It's trying to accomplish a goal.
00:54:24.000 It's trying to fill a hole that can never be filled.
00:54:26.000 Exactly.
00:54:27.000 And that's the workaholic.
00:54:29.000 But that's also the thing that we cherish in this society.
00:54:32.000 We cherish the outlier, the over-performer, the one person who can push the boundaries past and above and beyond all others.
00:54:39.000 But sometimes at the expense of others.
00:54:41.000 Yes.
00:54:42.000 Most of the times, I believe, at the expense of others and certainly at the expense of their own peace.
00:54:49.000 Exactly.
00:54:49.000 You very rarely find a workaholic, supremely motivated, conqueror type person who's truly happy.
00:54:58.000 But that's the whole point, and that's why I talk about the myth of normal, that what we assume is normal in society is completely unnatural and unhealthy for human beings.
00:55:07.000 It's a myth that it's normal.
00:55:09.000 Hence the title of your book.
00:55:10.000 That's the title of the book.
00:55:13.000 Yeah, so that kindness then is actually much closer to who we are as human beings than all that other stuff.
00:55:21.000 It's certainly when you feel the best.
00:55:23.000 You don't feel the best when you're dominating people.
00:55:26.000 You feel the best when you're in sync with people and you're happy and you're having friends.
00:55:31.000 My favorite moments in life is laughing with my family or laughing with my friends.
00:55:37.000 That's my favorite moments in life, just having a good time.
00:55:40.000 And whose isn't?
00:55:41.000 Yeah, everybody's is.
00:55:42.000 That's what we're really supposed to do.
00:55:44.000 But then there's also this sort of inherent desire to achieve success.
00:55:48.000 And what is that success?
00:55:50.000 Problem solving, accomplishing goals, creating things.
00:55:56.000 There's this desire that human beings sort of inherently have to do these things.
00:56:00.000 That's part of our nature as well.
00:56:02.000 That's why we've created so many amazing things, whether it's science or technology or art or music or anything else.
00:56:09.000 But that doesn't have to be at the expense of everybody else.
00:56:12.000 Right.
00:56:13.000 It should be morally and ethically pursued.
00:56:16.000 That's also why we hate fraud, right?
00:56:19.000 When someone is stealing money and they have all the success, but it turns out that what they've done is done something illegal, like pyramid schemes or something where someone's...
00:56:30.000 Using this sort of desire to succeed as a justification to victimize others.
00:56:37.000 Yeah, but you just described the corporate world.
00:56:39.000 Yes, narcissism.
00:56:41.000 Corporate narcissism.
00:56:43.000 Somebody calls it sociopathy.
00:56:47.000 We live in a world where, like you talked about sugar, for example.
00:56:52.000 Well, there was this book, I think a few years ago, called Salt, Sugar, and Fat, or something like that, that was the title of it, by an American journalist, who shows that the food corporations quite deliberately set out to find what they call the sweet spot, just the right combination of sugar,
00:57:07.000 salt, and fat that's going to make people addicted to their products, which is going to kill them.
00:57:11.000 Yeah.
00:57:12.000 So these corporations are quite willing to make people sick.
00:57:15.000 And so I was talking to a colleague of mine, Rob Lustig, who wrote a book called The Hacking of the American Mind.
00:57:23.000 And it's how about the corporations deliberately create products that make people addicted at the risk of making them sick.
00:57:34.000 What kind of minds would deliberately set up to sell products and advertise them and to manipulate the market that will actually kill people?
00:57:48.000 And this is respectable corporations with philanthropists at the heads of their boards and so on.
00:57:55.000 That's the world we live in.
00:57:57.000 Yeah, that's very dark.
00:57:58.000 And that's also pharmaceutical companies.
00:58:01.000 Pharmaceutical companies, yeah.
00:58:02.000 I was just watching this very disturbing commercial yesterday with children, and it was talking about ADHD, and it showed a kid that was not paying attention in class.
00:58:15.000 And it showed these kids, like, playing around and doing things they weren't supposed to be doing.
00:58:20.000 And then they introduced this medication.
00:58:23.000 And then you have the child raising their hand, and then you have everyone clapping, and you have the child with a big smile on their face, and you've medicated your child to be a successful and integrated person in society.
00:58:36.000 Shall I spot off about ADHD for a minute?
00:58:39.000 Yes, please.
00:58:40.000 That was my first book on ADHD. It's the American scattered or scattered minds, depending on which edition you get.
00:58:48.000 And that was after I was diagnosed with it myself in my 50s.
00:58:54.000 What does it mean?
00:58:56.000 ADHD? Yeah, what is it exactly?
00:58:58.000 Is it real?
00:58:59.000 Oh, it's real.
00:59:00.000 But what does it mean?
00:59:01.000 Like if someone has ADHD, it's not like you have herpes, right?
00:59:04.000 Like you can say, oh, you've got a disease.
00:59:06.000 What is it?
00:59:08.000 Well, that's the whole point, is that the medical profession A lot of the so-called experts think about it as a disease.
00:59:15.000 Another one of these inherited diseases.
00:59:18.000 In fact, they say it's the most heritable mental illness there is.
00:59:22.000 And I say it's neither an illness nor is it heritable.
00:59:26.000 So the hallmark are difficulty paying attention when you're not motivated.
00:59:31.000 So kind of tuning out, like that kid in the commercial.
00:59:34.000 Like me.
00:59:35.000 Okay, poor impulse control so that you tend to act out whatever emotion arises.
00:59:40.000 And sometimes the hyperactivity, difficulty sitting still and then to fidget and all that.
00:59:45.000 And that described me to a T. But as soon as I learned about the diagnosis, I knew something.
00:59:56.000 This is not a disease and it's not heritable despite the fact that Some of my kids were diagnosed with it.
01:00:05.000 What is it?
01:00:06.000 So tuning out is not a disease.
01:00:09.000 So let me ask you a question, if I may.
01:00:11.000 Okay.
01:00:13.000 If I were to stress you right now, create stress, emotional difficulty or tension for you right now, what would be your options of dealing with that, of dealing with me?
01:00:23.000 What would be your options?
01:00:24.000 I could either get upset or I could leave.
01:00:26.000 Exactly.
01:00:27.000 You could fight back, flight or fight, yeah?
01:00:30.000 But what if you didn't have those options?
01:00:33.000 Yeah, then you're stuck.
01:00:35.000 And what does the brain do when you're stuck like that?
01:00:37.000 It gets distracted.
01:00:38.000 It tunes out.
01:00:39.000 Yeah, it tunes out.
01:00:40.000 You want to do other things, think about other things.
01:00:42.000 In other words, it's a coping mechanism.
01:00:44.000 Yeah, it's normal.
01:00:45.000 I mean, the idea that your child, who is an eight-, nine-year-old ball of energy filled with hormones and life and thoughts and things they enjoy, and then you make them sit down.
01:01:01.000 Yeah.
01:01:01.000 All day in this unnatural state in a classroom with fluorescent lights and stare at a teacher that's unmotivated and underpaid and is teaching something in a very boring and non-entertaining way.
01:01:13.000 And then if this kid doesn't lock in like a zombie, we need to medicate them.
01:01:18.000 Yeah, well, the other part of it is that if you look at my infancy, and it sounds like yours, we spent our first year or two under very difficult circumstances, a lot of stress.
01:01:32.000 Infants can't help but absorb the stress of their parents.
01:01:34.000 They can't help it.
01:01:35.000 What does an infant do?
01:01:36.000 Could I have escaped or fought back?
01:01:38.000 Could you have?
01:01:39.000 All we could do is tune out.
01:01:40.000 But when is this tuning out happening?
01:01:42.000 When our brain is being developed.
01:01:44.000 And our brain, this is the part that nobody taught me in medical school, but it turns out that brain science now teaches us that the human brain develops under the impact of the environment.
01:01:54.000 So, The most salient feature of the environment that shapes the circuits of the human brain is actually the relationship with the parents.
01:02:05.000 And if the parents are present and emotionally attuned and available, child brains develop properly.
01:02:13.000 But the parents are stressed.
01:02:15.000 The child absorbs the stress.
01:02:17.000 What can they do with it?
01:02:18.000 They tune out.
01:02:19.000 And that tuning out thing is programmed into the brain.
01:02:22.000 And then 10 years later, or 50 years later, we say, you got this disease.
01:02:25.000 No, you don't.
01:02:26.000 You've got a coping mechanism that's no longer working for you.
01:02:30.000 But it had a function when it first came along.
01:02:32.000 So this whole idea, and by the way, if a family comes to me with their ADHD child, I'll say to them, what you've got here is a very sensitive child.
01:02:45.000 That sensitive child is picking up on all the vibes, energies and stresses in your family.
01:02:50.000 Want to help this child?
01:02:51.000 Deal with the whole family.
01:02:53.000 Look at the parental relationship.
01:02:55.000 Look at what stress is there in your life.
01:02:58.000 Look at how you react to the child.
01:03:01.000 Look at, do you understand the child's behavior or the emotions that the child is having?
01:03:06.000 Or are you just trying to control the child's behaviors?
01:03:08.000 Look at all that.
01:03:09.000 And very often parents will tell me after they've read that book on ADHD, they've totally changed their relationship to their child.
01:03:15.000 The child changes.
01:03:16.000 What a surprise.
01:03:17.000 But you go to most doctors, you got this disease, here's the pill.
01:03:21.000 And by the way, I took those medications and they helped me for a while.
01:03:25.000 You know, so I'm not anti-medicator.
01:03:26.000 When you were in your 50s?
01:03:27.000 Yeah, yeah.
01:03:28.000 I'm not anti-medicator.
01:03:28.000 Which ones did you take?
01:03:30.000 I took Ritalin, which I can tell you the story.
01:03:34.000 Sure.
01:03:35.000 So, you know, one of the hallmarks of ADHD is poor impulse control, right?
01:03:39.000 So, I found out about ADHD and even before I was diagnosed, I took Ritalin.
01:03:48.000 Why did you take it before you were diagnosed?
01:03:51.000 Because I'm a doctor and I could, hey?
01:03:53.000 Oh, so you diagnosed yourself?
01:03:55.000 Well, I did.
01:03:56.000 So you at least assumed that you had that, didn't you?
01:03:58.000 Yeah, I knew I had it.
01:04:00.000 But not only that, also because I had poor impulse control.
01:04:02.000 I never practiced medicine that way.
01:04:05.000 I mean, if you came to me for any problem, my first impulse would never be to write your prescription.
01:04:09.000 Unless it was obvious that you needed it for an infection or something.
01:04:12.000 I'd sit down with you and talk to you about what's going on here.
01:04:15.000 But not me.
01:04:17.000 Poor impulse regulation.
01:04:20.000 So I went to a colleague of mine, a medical colleague.
01:04:23.000 I said, hey Bev, I think I've got the HD. Can you give me some Ritalin?
01:04:27.000 So she writes me a prescription.
01:04:29.000 Then I took it and I hired and recommended initial dose.
01:04:33.000 Because if a little bit is good, then more must be even better.
01:04:36.000 It's not how I practice medicine.
01:04:38.000 Right.
01:04:38.000 But I came to myself, that's a totally different ballgame.
01:04:41.000 So I felt immediately present and calm and grounded and focused.
01:04:45.000 Really?
01:04:45.000 Yeah.
01:04:46.000 And it's a stimulant.
01:04:47.000 And I went, well, it calms the ADHD brain.
01:04:49.000 Then I go home and my wife says, you look stoned.
01:04:54.000 Because you're calm.
01:04:55.000 Yeah.
01:04:56.000 Well, because I got this glassy-eyed expression.
01:04:58.000 And within a couple of days, the Ritalin made me very depressed.
01:05:03.000 That's one of its potential side effects.
01:05:06.000 So I did see a psychiatrist.
01:05:07.000 I was formally diagnosed, and they gave me dexedrine.
01:05:11.000 And I took that for a while.
01:05:12.000 That's an amphetamine, isn't it?
01:05:14.000 Yeah, it's an amphetamine.
01:05:15.000 It's another stimulant.
01:05:18.000 And it did help me.
01:05:19.000 I became a much more efficient workaholic, and I could do even work.
01:05:23.000 It didn't change any of my emotional issues, but it made me more focused and so on.
01:05:28.000 It helped me write my first book.
01:05:30.000 But I haven't taken them for decades, because also I know that The brain can change if you treat it right.
01:05:39.000 So this reliance on medications that we have is a real poverty of the spirit, a real poverty of imagination, a poverty of medical education.
01:05:50.000 The average doctor never learns this stuff.
01:05:52.000 The average physician never gets a single lecture on brain development, how the brain develops in interaction with their environment.
01:05:58.000 So when you're seeing, let alone do they hear about trauma?
01:06:01.000 They don't, hardly at all.
01:06:03.000 So when they see an adult with ADHD or depression or addiction or bipolar conditions or, for that matter, autoimmune illness or anything else, they don't think of trauma.
01:06:16.000 They just think of this disease.
01:06:19.000 And they think that the diagnosis explains everything, but the diagnosis don't explain anything.
01:06:24.000 Because think about it.
01:06:25.000 Let's say Gabor or Joe goes to a doctor and The diagnosis is really well.
01:06:36.000 What are the hallmarks of ADHD? Well, tuning out, poor impulse regulation, maybe hyperactivity.
01:06:42.000 Why does Gabor have poor impulse control, hyperactivity, and tuning out?
01:06:48.000 Because he's got ADHD. How do we know he's got ADHD? Because he's got poor impulse control and tunes out and he's hyperactive.
01:06:56.000 Why is he hyperactive, tunes out, have poor impulse control?
01:06:59.000 He's got ADHD. How do we know he's got ADHD? It's circular.
01:07:04.000 It doesn't explain anything.
01:07:06.000 Diagnoses describe things, and they can be helpful that way, but they don't explain.
01:07:13.000 Yeah, one of the things that people get, they get What they get treated for and they get diagnosed with is anxiety.
01:07:24.000 And that one drives me nuts.
01:07:26.000 It drives me nuts because people pretend that anxiety is a disease.
01:07:30.000 And I'm like, my God, the world should make you anxious if you're a sensitive, introspective person.
01:07:36.000 If you're just looking at the world itself...
01:07:38.000 And you don't put it in perspective.
01:07:40.000 The world is filled with anxiety.
01:07:42.000 The anxiety is future problem solving.
01:07:46.000 You're thinking about all the things that can go wrong.
01:07:48.000 You're thinking about your life in a potentially devastating way.
01:07:52.000 And that's not a disease.
01:07:54.000 That's just the way you look at the world and people getting diagnosed with it.
01:07:58.000 Well, I won't quite agree with you on that one.
01:08:02.000 In what way?
01:08:05.000 I've felt anxious at times.
01:08:07.000 Sure.
01:08:07.000 The world every day is the same.
01:08:10.000 The world is the same, but the way you look at it is not the same, right?
01:08:13.000 That's the whole point.
01:08:13.000 Yeah, that's what I'm saying.
01:08:14.000 So the world is giving you anxiety.
01:08:17.000 No, the world is not giving me anxiety.
01:08:18.000 Right.
01:08:19.000 You're giving yourself anxiety by looking at the world, right?
01:08:22.000 And by how I look at the world.
01:08:23.000 Yes.
01:08:24.000 Because I can look at the same world one day and feel grounded and connected and I may have all kinds of concerns about what's happening in the world, but my nervous system won't be on edge.
01:08:34.000 Yes.
01:08:35.000 I won't be anxious.
01:08:36.000 That's my point is that it's not a disease.
01:08:39.000 It isn't a disease.
01:08:41.000 Remember I talked about those brain circuits of lust and care and rage and seeking and so on?
01:08:49.000 One of the brain circuits that we have, as described by a very prominent, late neuroscientist, Yak Panksepp, is for panic and grief.
01:09:00.000 Panic and grief are the normal responses of the young human being or the young animal when care isn't available.
01:09:08.000 Hmm.
01:09:10.000 So when the parents are stressed, distracted, economically, or politically, or because of their own unresolved trauma, or whatever's going on in their lives, and they don't respond to the child's distress, they don't pick up the child when they're crying.
01:09:25.000 They make the child be alone when the child is upset.
01:09:30.000 The child's panic circuits get activated as they should be because when the child's panic circuits get activated, they cry for help.
01:09:39.000 So it's necessary for survival.
01:09:41.000 A young animal should feel panic when the adult is unavailable.
01:09:48.000 In a rational world, in a sane world, that child would be responded to.
01:09:53.000 But when children, as in our society, are not responded to in their distress, the panic becomes built into their nervous system, and now you have a lot of anxious people.
01:10:03.000 And that's why more and more kids are being diagnosed.
01:10:06.000 You're right.
01:10:06.000 It's not a disease.
01:10:07.000 It's a response to the environment.
01:10:10.000 And the thought process of like leaving a child alone when the child's crying is that to toughen the kid up?
01:10:17.000 Is the thought process that you don't want to encourage this sort of behavior because then they'll do it all the time and Then you'll develop an indulgent child like what is the thought process?
01:10:30.000 The thought process is that the child's behavior is the problem and so we have to fix the behavior by controlling it now actually The opposite is true because if you pick up the child when a child has distress,
01:10:48.000 physical and emotional distress, you're teaching the child that the world is safe and they don't have to be anxious about it and they can just ask for help and It doesn't entrench kind of crying,
01:11:06.000 manipulative behavior.
01:11:08.000 How it works, Dr. Daniel Siegel, who's a psychiatrist at UCLA and a very prolific author and mind researcher, he says in his book, The Developing Mind, that the child uses the mature circuits of the adult brain to regulate its own immature,
01:11:28.000 unregulated circuits.
01:11:30.000 So when the adults show up in a calm, loving way, the child downloads that into his own nervous system and then he grows up.
01:11:39.000 He's not going to be an infant forever.
01:11:41.000 At some point he's going to be a mature adult who knows how to take care of themselves.
01:11:45.000 That's a natural process.
01:11:47.000 We don't have to teach kids to be independent.
01:11:50.000 Independent is nature's agenda because the parents are going to die.
01:11:54.000 At some point, the mother bear is going to disappear.
01:11:56.000 That bear cub has to be able to look after themselves in a mature, confident way.
01:12:03.000 That's nature's natural agenda.
01:12:06.000 What the mother bear needs to do is to meet the needs of that infant bear so the infant bear can mature.
01:12:12.000 So if we meet the child's needs, They're going to mature out of that helpless state with a sense of self-regulation and confidence in their own capacity.
01:12:21.000 But when you don't pick kids up, what you teach them is that the world is not available, that they're alone and that they're helpless.
01:12:28.000 Talk about a formula for anxiety.
01:12:31.000 What about the concept of coddling children?
01:12:35.000 And what about the concept of creating, you know, what someone would call a mama's boy?
01:12:40.000 Someone who is scared of the outside world and just wants comfort and attention and just wants to be sheltered from stress and anxiety all the time.
01:12:51.000 They just want to be alone with their mother and their parents.
01:12:56.000 Yeah, it happens.
01:12:57.000 But why does it happen?
01:12:58.000 Why does it happen?
01:12:59.000 So there's a study that I quote in the book where they looked at a thousand or several hundred women, new mothers, and how they related to their infants.
01:13:08.000 And most of them related very well.
01:13:10.000 Some were not that available.
01:13:12.000 And some were extra doting and extra coddling, you might say, with the infants.
01:13:18.000 They looked at the adults 35 years later.
01:13:22.000 The people that were the most independent and successful and self-actualized were the ones that were super loved by their mothers.
01:13:30.000 Hmm.
01:13:33.000 And the conclusion of the researchers was you can't love children too much.
01:13:38.000 Now the case that you describe is not too much loving, but loving that comes from a very anxious place.
01:13:45.000 So these mothers that coddle their kids when the kids don't need coddling, they're not doing it because the child needs it, they're doing it because they need it.
01:13:53.000 They're doing it because they were not coddled enough, they're anxious, and they pass that anxiety on to the child.
01:13:59.000 You don't create those dependent kids by loving them.
01:14:04.000 You create them by imposing your own agenda on them, your own anxieties on them.
01:14:09.000 So those are the mama's boys, if you want to call them that.
01:14:12.000 But the mama's boy is just a very anxious person who downloaded his parents or her parents' anxieties.
01:14:19.000 That makes sense because the kids that I know that grew up like that, their mothers were terrified of everything.
01:14:26.000 Yeah.
01:14:26.000 Yeah.
01:14:27.000 And so they, boy, but how do you get out of that if you're, you know, you've developed this, these patterns of thinking that are based on a mother that is incredibly anxious and scared of the world and then you've sort of adopted these thoughts and,
01:14:42.000 you know, they call you a mama's boy and that you're coddled.
01:14:44.000 Like, how does someone break out of that?
01:14:50.000 Well, there was a Greek playwright, Aeschylus, who wrote about drama about 2500 years ago.
01:14:57.000 And in one of his plays, The Agamemnon, he says that the way Zeus, the way the Master, the God created us, was that we have to suffer, suffer into truth.
01:15:07.000 And with most people I find that at some point, like me and perhaps like yourself, some suffering happens that says, okay, You're not going in the right direction.
01:15:19.000 So again, it's got to begin with this understanding that what I'm going through is creating suffering for myself and people around me, and maybe it doesn't have to be this way.
01:15:32.000 There's got to be that recognition.
01:15:33.000 Now, once you get that recognition, the sky's the limit.
01:15:36.000 Because now there's all kinds of therapies and possibilities.
01:15:40.000 Now you can...
01:15:41.000 I mean, I think a wonderful I don't like this phrase, mama's boy, but it describes maybe a certain kind of personality.
01:15:50.000 What if they did martial arts?
01:15:52.000 What if they worked out?
01:15:54.000 What if they developed some confidence in their own bodies to start with?
01:15:59.000 Because they don't have confidence in their bodies.
01:16:02.000 There's all kinds of things they could do.
01:16:04.000 Yeah, that's a big factor.
01:16:05.000 Once you get that there's an issue, let alone you can go for therapy, you can do the trauma work, like whatever.
01:16:13.000 You can do the psychedelics.
01:16:15.000 You can do MDR. You can do somatic experience.
01:16:18.000 You can do any number of...
01:16:19.000 You can do the therapy that I teach, Compassion and Inquiry.
01:16:24.000 You can do the martial arts.
01:16:25.000 You can meditate.
01:16:26.000 You can do yoga.
01:16:27.000 You can go into nature.
01:16:28.000 But you need to do something.
01:16:29.000 But you've got to do something.
01:16:30.000 Yeah.
01:16:31.000 And that is the problem.
01:16:33.000 And some of these people, unfortunately, they turn to drugs because they're so overwhelmed.
01:16:38.000 They want a complete escape from the moment.
01:16:42.000 Yeah.
01:16:42.000 Well, and they turn to drugs, or they turn to eating, or they turn to shopping, like I did.
01:16:49.000 Shopping?
01:16:50.000 That was your thing?
01:16:51.000 I had a significant shopping addiction, yeah.
01:16:53.000 Really?
01:16:54.000 Oh yeah, I shopped for, I talk about this in my book on addiction, I would shop for classical compact discs.
01:17:03.000 You laugh, but some days I spend thousands of dollars, literally thousands of dollars a day.
01:17:07.000 Did you have the money?
01:17:09.000 Well, I was a doctor, hey?
01:17:10.000 Yeah, so you could afford these compact discs.
01:17:13.000 And you know how the addicted mind works.
01:17:15.000 It's brilliant.
01:17:16.000 It justifies one addiction by another.
01:17:18.000 I'd say, but I'm working so hard.
01:17:20.000 I deserve to pleasure myself.
01:17:21.000 Right.
01:17:22.000 So one addiction justified the other, you see?
01:17:24.000 But once, I tell you, I left a woman in labor to get a symphony from the downtown store.
01:17:30.000 And I missed the delivery.
01:17:32.000 Oh, my God.
01:17:33.000 That's how addicted I was to shopping.
01:17:35.000 But did you think that that classical disc was going to go away?
01:17:40.000 Like, why did you go get it?
01:17:42.000 Does any addict think?
01:17:43.000 Wow, that's a weird addiction.
01:17:45.000 I've never even heard of anybody being addicted to compact discs.
01:17:48.000 Well, there are people addicted to shopping.
01:17:50.000 And the addiction is not to the object that you're buying, because if it was to the object, you would just go home and enjoy it.
01:17:58.000 The addiction is to the acquisition.
01:18:01.000 Now, what happens when you're looking for something and you're excited?
01:18:06.000 You know what happens?
01:18:07.000 The level of dopamine, which is one of these brain chemicals, elevates in the brain, which is just like taking an amphetamine.
01:18:14.000 So it's the thrill.
01:18:15.000 It's the thrill.
01:18:16.000 And so the gambler, the workaholic, the shopaholic, the sexaholic...
01:18:22.000 Any addict, substance addict, they're not after the actual...
01:18:27.000 They're as much as after that thrill, that seeking, that dopamine hit, the pornographer.
01:18:33.000 They're after that dopamine hit.
01:18:35.000 Now dopamine, which is the seeking chemical in our brain, the one that makes life vital and interesting and makes us explore novel objects or seek a sexual partner or seek food, Those dopamine circuits develop or don't develop based on what happens to you very early in life.
01:18:57.000 And so that children that don't get the proper experiences, they might be lacking dopamine.
01:19:02.000 Now they have to seek the thrill of the stimulant drug or the exciting activity or the dangerous rock climbing so they can feel really present and grounded.
01:19:15.000 Oh, wow.
01:19:16.000 Or the shopping, or the compact this, and it's always about the next thing, because you're looking after that dopamine hit.
01:19:23.000 I was just watching this documentary, The Alpinist.
01:19:27.000 Have you seen it?
01:19:28.000 I've heard about it, yeah.
01:19:29.000 It's about a young man who was a free solo climber.
01:19:33.000 And did he die?
01:19:33.000 Yeah, he died in an avalanche.
01:19:38.000 He was constantly pushing the boundaries of like what he could get away with.
01:19:44.000 And he was free soloing these rock faces and then that wasn't dangerous enough.
01:19:49.000 So he moved to ice climbing.
01:19:51.000 Yes.
01:19:51.000 And so he's with no rope and just these axes climbing, these picks climbing up glaciers, climbing up.
01:20:00.000 In one scene there was this ice that was detached from the face of the cliff.
01:20:07.000 Yes.
01:20:08.000 So it was separated by several feet.
01:20:10.000 You could see the gap in between the ice and the face of the cliff, and he's climbing the ice.
01:20:15.000 It could break off at any second.
01:20:17.000 It's not permanent.
01:20:18.000 And he's just digging in his pick and pulling himself up this, and then apparently he had gone to the top with this other guy, and on the way down they died in an avalanche.
01:20:27.000 No, I bet if you interview them, and I've seen interviews with these people, the free divers and the free climbers, what's happening during the experience, I'm totally present.
01:20:38.000 I'm at one with life.
01:20:41.000 There's no separation.
01:20:42.000 I'm grounded.
01:20:44.000 I'm totally focused.
01:20:45.000 I'm fully alive.
01:20:48.000 Why?
01:20:50.000 Because it triggers the dopamine in their brain.
01:20:53.000 So you feel like people like that probably have had something happen when they were younger where their body doesn't develop dopamine properly under normal circumstances.
01:21:02.000 I'm convinced of it.
01:21:03.000 Well, that makes sense.
01:21:04.000 I've had Alex Honnold on several times, and he is the guy from, what is the documentary?
01:21:10.000 Is it Free Solo?
01:21:11.000 Yeah, the documentary Free Solo, and he's very famous for climbing like El Capitan and just sticking his hands in these cracks of the walls and climbing up with no ropes.
01:21:23.000 And he's a very calm guy.
01:21:24.000 It's very interesting.
01:21:25.000 He's like sort of calm and mellow.
01:21:28.000 And, you know, when you talk to him about climbing, and he's like, no, it's like you're pretty relaxed.
01:21:33.000 It's pretty chilled out.
01:21:35.000 And they're clearly addicted to that.
01:21:38.000 They're doing it constantly.
01:21:39.000 They travel around the world to do it.
01:21:41.000 And risking their lives.
01:21:43.000 Yeah, risking their lives.
01:21:44.000 Can I read you a quote?
01:21:45.000 Yeah, sure, please.
01:21:46.000 If I take a moment to look for it.
01:21:47.000 Yeah, yeah, yeah.
01:21:47.000 Sure, sure, sure.
01:21:48.000 It's on my cell phone here.
01:21:49.000 This is...
01:21:52.000 I carry so many quotes on my cell phone because I'm always trying to teach myself stuff.
01:21:56.000 So this is free diving.
01:22:00.000 Let me just look for free diving.
01:22:04.000 Free diving.
01:22:11.000 Oh, not duving, diving.
01:22:18.000 This is something that you saved on your phone?
01:22:21.000 Yeah.
01:22:22.000 I have a thousand things saved on my phone.
01:22:26.000 I have whole books that I've dictated to myself done on my phone.
01:22:30.000 Isn't that amazing?
01:22:31.000 To store that and this whole tiny thing you keep in your pocket?
01:22:34.000 It's incredible.
01:22:34.000 And I keep trying to teach myself stuff.
01:22:36.000 I think if I just dictate it, maybe I'll learn it.
01:22:38.000 But guess what?
01:22:40.000 Next time I read it, why wasn't this here before?
01:22:42.000 Of course it was.
01:22:43.000 Yeah, of course it was.
01:22:44.000 Anyway, this is a woman called Natalia Molchanova.
01:22:47.000 She died at age 53 in August 2015, freediving.
01:22:52.000 She was one of the world's leading freediver.
01:22:55.000 And here's what she says about the experience.
01:22:57.000 Free diving is not only a sport, it's a way to understand who you are.
01:23:02.000 When we go down, if we don't think, we understand we are whole.
01:23:08.000 If we don't think, so the mind just gets out of the way.
01:23:11.000 We understand that we are whole.
01:23:13.000 We are one with the world.
01:23:15.000 When we think, we are separate.
01:23:18.000 On the surface, it's natural to think, and we have many information inside.
01:23:22.000 We need to reset sometime.
01:23:25.000 Free diving helps to do that.
01:23:26.000 In other words, free diving gave you this experience of unity and oneness and the quietness of the mind.
01:23:31.000 The question is, why do we have to go to such extreme limits, some extreme lengths?
01:23:37.000 Yeah.
01:23:38.000 To find that state.
01:23:39.000 When I read that quote to a couple of friends of mine who are fierce meditators in a way that I'm not, they said, That's what we get when we meditate.
01:23:50.000 You know, but these people are serious meditators.
01:23:53.000 But that state of oneness, that's just the highest state we can experience, isn't it?
01:23:58.000 Yeah.
01:23:59.000 When we get that we're not these separate individuals, and this society creates this, what Dan Siegel calls the myth of the solo self, that we're all just individual separate little creatures struggling to make it against We're in competition and in a fearful race with everybody else so that we get separated from ourselves,
01:24:21.000 which is the essence of trauma, and we get separated from each other.
01:24:25.000 And then we have these peak experiences and we keep seeking these peak experiences because we don't know how to make it real in our own lives.
01:24:33.000 One of the things you find out in competition is that the real competition is with yourself.
01:24:38.000 You are competing against other people, but you're competing with yourself to improve upon your performance against other people.
01:24:46.000 You're not really competing with other people.
01:24:48.000 And once you realize that, it's a real revelation.
01:24:52.000 You realize like, oh, I'm fighting my own demons.
01:24:55.000 These people are just, this is a mechanism for me to be able to find that in me.
01:25:04.000 Yes, which also means that there's no real loss, is there?
01:25:09.000 Right.
01:25:10.000 I mean, if you've done your best, maybe you can do better, but there's no failure is what I mean.
01:25:16.000 There is, but in failure there are lessons.
01:25:19.000 It's beneficial.
01:25:20.000 Even though failure feels bad because you didn't accomplish what you wanted to accomplish, the motivation that you get from that and the revelations and the knowledge that you get from that are crucial to your development as a human being and in whatever your chosen pursuit is.
01:25:36.000 Well, let me argue with you again, if I may.
01:25:38.000 Please.
01:25:39.000 So, I mean, you work out, and I know you have this brutal physical workout program and all that.
01:25:45.000 I don't do weights, and you can see in the relative size of our arms as to which of the two of us does resistance training.
01:25:53.000 I just swim.
01:25:54.000 I don't do weights.
01:25:56.000 Now, if you and I had a wrestling match right now, Or even the Taekwondo match, which I've never studied.
01:26:04.000 But I did my best to show up as alert and as powerful as I could.
01:26:11.000 And you defeated me.
01:26:13.000 Would I be a failure?
01:26:15.000 Well, it's not fair, okay?
01:26:17.000 And competition, one of the things that you learn about competition is that you need to scale it.
01:26:22.000 That's true.
01:26:23.000 You know, that's why we have divisions, we have weight classes, and we also have belt rankings.
01:26:28.000 So you would assume that someone who is a white belt is a relative beginner.
01:26:32.000 That's one of the reasons why when we're talking about people who cheat, sandbagging is one of the most reprehensible things amongst competitors.
01:26:41.000 And what sandbagging would be is Imagine if you had a black belt in judo.
01:26:46.000 And you played somebody who was...
01:26:47.000 No, and then you entered into a jiu-jitsu competition.
01:26:50.000 You would technically be a white belt in jiu-jitsu.
01:26:53.000 But you would be very experienced in grappling and submissions and you'd be dominant and you would just tear through the field.
01:27:00.000 Of people that were also white belts.
01:27:02.000 And people would be angry at you, justifiably so, because you're violating the rules of this scalable competition.
01:27:10.000 And through the scalable competition, you're supposed to be met with surmountable challenges, things that you can overcome, things and lessons you can learn.
01:27:19.000 And even if you get dominated by someone, what you learn is that that potential is within a human being.
01:27:26.000 You know, one of my most profound experiences that I talked about many times is When I first started doing jiu-jitsu, I got dominated by this guy who was, you know, he's like an intermediate jiu-jitsu player.
01:27:38.000 But the overwhelming control that he had over me and the dominance over me was so...
01:27:46.000 Because I didn't know that a person could do that to me.
01:27:50.000 And now learning that, I knew that that potential was in a human being.
01:27:54.000 He wasn't like physically gifted.
01:27:56.000 He wasn't much stronger than me or bigger than me.
01:27:57.000 He was just much better at this thing that we were both doing.
01:28:00.000 And I realized that on the path, he was many miles ahead of me and that I could go down that path and achieve what he is doing.
01:28:08.000 And that was very enlightening.
01:28:11.000 Fair enough.
01:28:12.000 When you talk about sandbagging, it reminded me of this Paul Newman movie called The Hustler.
01:28:16.000 Yes!
01:28:17.000 Yeah, Big John, you think this boy's a hustler?
01:28:20.000 Yeah, I've seen that movie a hundred times.
01:28:22.000 Yeah, it's a wonderful film.
01:28:23.000 Yeah, I play pool, so that is a big part of pool playing, is people pretending they're not as good as they are.
01:28:29.000 But that's a desperation thing and a gambling thing.
01:28:32.000 There's a lot involved in that, too.
01:28:34.000 But to go back to the idea of failure, so let me ask you this question.
01:28:38.000 Usain Bolt, if you line up at the 100-meter race or the 200-meter race against Usain Bolt, and you come in second, are you a failure?
01:28:47.000 Well, you didn't beat him.
01:28:49.000 But are you a failure?
01:28:50.000 Well, it depends on where your performance threshold lies.
01:28:55.000 But nobody's going to be as good as him.
01:28:56.000 That's not true.
01:28:57.000 Someone will be as good as him.
01:28:59.000 Eventually.
01:28:59.000 Yes, and that's the whole purpose of doing that.
01:29:01.000 The whole purpose of records.
01:29:02.000 But you're chasing a very specific thing there, though.
01:29:05.000 You're chasing extreme excellence.
01:29:08.000 And if you choose to be that person that chases extreme excellence in a very narrow and rigid discipline.
01:29:16.000 This is a very narrow and rigid discipline.
01:29:18.000 It's very comprehensive, but it's very narrow and rigid.
01:29:20.000 That's running in a straight line as fast as you can.
01:29:24.000 Someone has to be the best.
01:29:26.000 And if you choose to do that thing and you are not physically gifted, then you have a problem.
01:29:33.000 Because there are some things that are dependent upon your physiology.
01:29:37.000 They're dependent upon the size of your limbs, the length of your limbs, your genetics.
01:29:42.000 And for some people, that threshold is insurmountable.
01:29:47.000 Well, and this is where genetics does come into it.
01:29:49.000 I mean, we have certain capabilities.
01:29:53.000 But all I'm saying is, in my mind, coming in second to that guy is no failure.
01:29:58.000 As long as I've done my best, as long as the person in the next lane is doing their best, they've succeeded.
01:30:04.000 They have succeeded in a way.
01:30:06.000 There's a great quote that I remember in my early years of Taekwondo where my instructor said that martial arts are a vehicle for developing your human potential.
01:30:18.000 And that through overcoming these difficult obstacles and the fear of competition and learning that with discipline and focus you can get better, it can elevate your ability to do everything.
01:30:31.000 Isn't so much of that also being completely present and focused and connected to your body and grounded and responsive to what's happening in the moment?
01:30:45.000 Yes, you have to be in the moment.
01:30:46.000 You can't be thinking too much.
01:30:48.000 You rely on your training and your focus and the ability to maintain this mindset.
01:30:54.000 Yeah, which is so missing from our lives in general.
01:30:57.000 Yeah, well, it's also one of the things that's missing from our lives is physically difficult pursuits, which I think we've categorized things into two ways.
01:31:08.000 Things that are intellectually difficult, which we praise, and things that are physically difficult, which we think of as being like base and, you know.
01:31:18.000 Less consequential to your overall development as a human being, but I don't think that's the case because I think that physical difficulties stress the mind in a way that we don't appreciate.
01:31:31.000 Don't we value our athletes and our athletics and the people that can do incredible things?
01:31:36.000 Sure we do, but we also dismiss them as being intellectually inferior.
01:31:40.000 One of the ways that people justify that an athlete is better than them at this thing is by categorizing them as a dumb job.
01:31:48.000 Oh gosh, I read sometimes the blog of Kareem Abdul-Jabbar.
01:31:51.000 He's no intellectual midget, you know?
01:31:56.000 Of course not.
01:31:57.000 I mean, to be great at something, I mean, whether or not he applies that to the rest of his life as well, that's where it gets interesting.
01:32:05.000 Because some people don't.
01:32:07.000 They only focus on being the greatest at whatever, whether it's basketball or golf, and they don't think about their life in general as being a project as well.
01:32:16.000 They think about this one thing only.
01:32:19.000 And you know what?
01:32:20.000 I might say that That certainly could have been said of me at a certain point where I would be really focused on being very good at a certain task or a certain area of endeavor, which is to say medicine and healing.
01:32:36.000 But I wasn't applying the lessons to my own life.
01:32:38.000 And I think a lot of us get compartmentalized that way.
01:32:43.000 We don't take our wisdom into our own lives.
01:32:50.000 I think a lot of us need mentors and we need people who have already gone down the path a little further than they have to tell them, hey, this is what's going to come up and this is how I've dealt with it and this is what you can learn from my mistakes without having to repeat them.
01:33:05.000 I think one of the significant losses in society that we've sustained is the loss of elders.
01:33:12.000 I mean, traditional cultures would have elders.
01:33:14.000 We don't talk about elders.
01:33:15.000 We talk about the elderly.
01:33:17.000 We define them in terms of their age.
01:33:19.000 But if you look at traditional cultures, the elders have...
01:33:22.000 Huge status.
01:33:23.000 Yes, and they should.
01:33:25.000 And as they ought to, their experience.
01:33:27.000 It also means they don't get shunted to the side and get made to feel useless and develop dementia, you know?
01:33:36.000 Because they're active and involved in the community.
01:33:38.000 And we've lost so much with the loss of...
01:33:44.000 The elder and the passing of tradition.
01:33:50.000 We're so focused on progress, which has brought incredible advances, that again we sort of cut off from one part of ourselves, which is rooted in tradition and rooted in wisdom.
01:34:02.000 So what if we could have both?
01:34:04.000 What if we could have both wisdom and progress at the same time?
01:34:08.000 I think it's possible.
01:34:09.000 It's certainly possible.
01:34:10.000 I mean, I've always said that about the idea of an ethical, moral capitalism, is that the competition of capitalism isn't the problem.
01:34:18.000 The competition is the end-all, be-all, like only win, only get ahead, greed is good, the Gordon Gekko mantra.
01:34:28.000 I think that people get lost in the achievement of the goal as being the ultimate thing that's going to bring them happiness, and it's never the case.
01:34:38.000 Well, now you have the corporations we talked about before.
01:34:42.000 And what's the name?
01:34:44.000 Milton Friedman, this Nobel Prize winning economist.
01:34:47.000 And he said that the only legitimate business of a corporation is to make a profit.
01:34:53.000 Yes.
01:34:53.000 And that's how they look at it.
01:34:54.000 And that's one of the reasons why they can justify horrific acts.
01:34:57.000 Yeah.
01:34:58.000 It's also one of the reasons why a person inside of that corporation feels separate from the actual horrific acts.
01:35:04.000 There's a diffusion of responsibility in being attached to a group.
01:35:08.000 You know, I am just one of these people.
01:35:10.000 I am just a manager of this region, and that's all I do.
01:35:14.000 I mean, I have to abide by my shareholders' needs.
01:35:18.000 In the book I interview A guy who used to be Vice President for Human Relations for IKEA. And he found out about my work about 10, 11 years ago and he said,
01:35:33.000 I want to talk to you.
01:35:34.000 And he called me at home and I thought he was just a strange guy with an accent.
01:35:38.000 You know, when you get known a little bit, all kinds of people want a piece of you, you know?
01:35:42.000 And I thought, here's another...
01:35:44.000 But anyway, he came out to Vancouver from back east and we had...
01:35:51.000 We're sitting with lunch at my house, and my wife is there, and Ray, my wife, says to him, his name is Ulf, and Ray says, Ulf, what is it that you do?
01:36:02.000 And Ulf says, oh, I work with this company, maybe you've heard about it, called IKEA. And my wife just about jumped off her seat because she's just been to IKEA that morning buying some furniture.
01:36:12.000 But Ulf says, That for decades, all he lived for was to be successful within the company, and he totally lost himself.
01:36:19.000 He had no value, he said, that it wasn't associated with his success as an executive.
01:36:25.000 And he says it was an empty existence, and he says he was making himself sick.
01:36:29.000 So he gave it up.
01:36:31.000 But he talked about what it's like inside that world.
01:36:35.000 And he's uniquely...
01:36:36.000 He's a gifted photographer.
01:36:39.000 So he started doing photography, and he's...
01:36:42.000 He's a very healthy man, but he had to really learn after decades that everything he'd been done had been done for some external...
01:36:51.000 And in this culture, we're so driven to validate our existence by impressing others, by trying to make ourselves successful.
01:37:03.000 By the standards that are laid down for us by external forces that have nothing to do with our real needs and who we actually are as human beings, that it's almost impossible not to fall into that trap.
01:37:16.000 It's very very difficult not to fall into that trap particularly if you're invested in a career path and you've achieved a certain amount of success and then you have responsibilities and you have bills you know you have mortgages and not only that you also have the old world telling you how great you are yeah so so when my wife would walk into a department store Anywhere with a credit card and they say,
01:37:44.000 you know, are you the wife of, oh, isn't he wonderful?
01:37:49.000 And she was just gritting her teeth.
01:37:52.000 Because the same wonderful guy who has such a success out there is not like that at home.
01:37:58.000 In fact, it's at the expense of the home that his success is in some ways achieved.
01:38:04.000 So not only do we have bills to pay, we also even get all this validation.
01:38:10.000 For the way that we abandon ourselves.
01:38:14.000 Yeah, and oftentimes you don't concern yourself with the appreciation of your loved ones because you get it no matter what.
01:38:22.000 You live with them.
01:38:23.000 You get it.
01:38:24.000 You expect it.
01:38:24.000 But you concentrate so hard on this thing that you're pursuing, whether it's climbing the corporate ladder or becoming a physician and working so hard constantly day in, day out.
01:38:37.000 And that's the only way you get any measure of this feeling of value.
01:38:42.000 That's right.
01:38:43.000 It's when you try and get that sense of value from the outside, which if you had been valued just for existing from the moment you were born, you wouldn't have to keep doing it.
01:38:55.000 You wouldn't have to keep doing it.
01:38:56.000 But the thing is, so many people from that terrible childhood have developed this ability to pursue excellence, and then they have a shaped and Enhanced and influenced so many other people's lives because of their work,
01:39:13.000 whether it's their art or whether it's their sport or whatever.
01:39:16.000 Something that they've done, some way they've accomplished things has been incredibly influential to other people, yet they came from this horrific trauma.
01:39:26.000 Well, that's true.
01:39:27.000 And the question is, can I balance that with more self-awareness and a more expansive experience of life where they narrowly focus?
01:39:40.000 Let me tell you a story and let me ask you what you think about it.
01:39:44.000 If I told you about a four-year-old girl who is bullied by neighborhood kids, you've got daughters, don't you?
01:39:51.000 So imagine your four-year-old daughter being bullied by neighborhood kids, and one of them runs into the house to their mom and say, for protection.
01:40:04.000 And the mom said to her, there's no room for cowards in this house.
01:40:08.000 Now you get out and deal with it.
01:40:11.000 How would you see that?
01:40:13.000 Well, it's abusive.
01:40:15.000 Okay.
01:40:16.000 You're setting the kid up to be not protected and that you don't care.
01:40:21.000 And also, this is a horrific aspect of human nature, the desire to gang up on kids, a group of people gang up on people and bully them.
01:40:31.000 So, speaking of that, you would see that interaction with the mom is abusive and traumatizing.
01:40:37.000 Yes.
01:40:37.000 Okay, this story was told on public television in the United States in the front of a cheering audience, millions of people watching on television at the Democratic Convention in 2016 when Hillary Clinton was nominated And it was the voice of God,
01:40:56.000 Morgan Freeman, who actually narrated this bio-documentary about her.
01:41:02.000 And this was presented as a wonderful example of resilience building.
01:41:06.000 And so what I'm saying, trauma is so normalized in this culture that even when this horrific incident is being depicted on television in front of millions of people, people think this is wonderful.
01:41:19.000 And nobody, nobody, nobody, nobody commented on it.
01:41:21.000 No, 65 years later or 60 years later, the same candidate develops pneumonia during the campaign.
01:41:29.000 I don't know if you remember that, when she got pneumonia.
01:41:31.000 You remember what she did?
01:41:33.000 What?
01:41:34.000 She sucked it up.
01:41:35.000 She didn't tell anybody about it until she collapsed in the street with dehydration.
01:41:41.000 Now, the supposed lesson was this taught me strength and resilience and independence and self-reliance.
01:41:48.000 So a lot of the success that we sometimes perceive in this society comes at a huge human cost.
01:41:53.000 And we don't even recognize it.
01:41:55.000 It's so normal, we don't even recognize it.
01:41:58.000 I'm not talking about politics now.
01:42:00.000 Well, I am talking about politics.
01:42:01.000 These are very often our politicians, by the way.
01:42:03.000 But I'm not talking about policies of whether I support her or somebody else.
01:42:08.000 I'm talking about the human experience that's being depicted and totally normalized in this culture.
01:42:17.000 Yeah, and that example, that is a problem that people do think that that's a way to handle a situation like that where a child's being bullied, to tell the child to go out there and face those bullies.
01:42:30.000 Yeah, a four-year-old.
01:42:32.000 Yeah.
01:42:33.000 And then you look at the end result, you have this extremely unlikable woman, you know, who...
01:42:40.000 She's built a defense around herself.
01:42:42.000 The unlikability that people pick up on, the unrelated ability, is this hard shell that he had to develop to protect herself.
01:42:49.000 It's a simple trauma response.
01:42:51.000 And when you look at it that way, you just see a suffering human being.
01:43:00.000 It's even sadder because she's old and she doesn't recognize this pathway.
01:43:06.000 She doesn't recognize where she is and why.
01:43:08.000 Well, her father used to beat the kids and she doesn't see that as trauma.
01:43:21.000 No, I'm not picking her up.
01:43:23.000 By the way, I'm sorry.
01:43:25.000 I know what you're saying.
01:43:26.000 You're not picking on her.
01:43:27.000 I'm not picking on her.
01:43:27.000 I'm just giving a public example of what happens.
01:43:30.000 The child abuse, the beating of the kids, was standard.
01:43:37.000 That's what's really crazy.
01:43:38.000 It's like if you go back to the 1960s, the 1950s, beating kids for doing something wrong was normal.
01:43:47.000 It was what everybody did.
01:43:50.000 Yeah, well...
01:43:51.000 I mean, how much of an effect did that have on people?
01:43:53.000 Well, there was a study this week just about that, about how traumatizing spanking kids is.
01:44:00.000 Yeah, I had a conversation with someone the other day, and they were just, like, talking about how they spanked their kids, and I'm like...
01:44:06.000 I didn't know what to do.
01:44:08.000 I wasn't sure that I should just put my foot down and say, hey, you should never do that.
01:44:12.000 You know, why'd you do that?
01:44:13.000 I didn't want to admonish them.
01:44:16.000 You might ask them if they're open to an opinion.
01:44:18.000 Yeah, well, it was just one of those things.
01:44:20.000 But it's so difficult, isn't it?
01:44:21.000 Because people get so defensive.
01:44:23.000 But I'm telling you, the studies have been done over and over and over again about spanking, and its effect can be as bad as a more severe form of abuse.
01:44:35.000 Yeah, I can completely see how that would be the case.
01:44:38.000 I just don't think it's ever required.
01:44:42.000 I wasn't really spanked maybe a couple of times when I was really young, but it was nothing serious.
01:44:50.000 But you know what I'm saying?
01:44:51.000 Like, it wasn't like I wasn't held down and beaten.
01:44:55.000 Wait a minute now.
01:44:56.000 Who's saying they're nothing serious?
01:44:58.000 Me.
01:44:58.000 As an adult.
01:44:59.000 Me now.
01:45:00.000 Me as an adult.
01:45:01.000 But think of your kids.
01:45:02.000 Yes.
01:45:03.000 But let's say you did that to one of your children.
01:45:06.000 Would you ever say to her, this is nothing serious?
01:45:08.000 No.
01:45:09.000 Well, I would never do that.
01:45:10.000 You wouldn't do it?
01:45:11.000 I don't do it, and I would never even consider it.
01:45:14.000 I try to have conversations with my kids, and I have since they were really young.
01:45:19.000 I have conversations with them, though I talk to them like I would talk to you.
01:45:23.000 And although I'm much more, you know...
01:45:28.000 Expressive and lenient and kind and I tell them how much I love them and the only reason why I'm having this conversation with you is because this is just an issue that people have.
01:45:39.000 And one of the things that I always bring up with my kids is whatever you've done, I've done it.
01:45:45.000 I caught my kid lying to me once, one of my daughters, and I said, I used to lie to my parents all the time.
01:45:51.000 It's totally normal.
01:45:52.000 But what I'm telling you is you don't have to lie to me.
01:45:55.000 And it's better for you if you don't lie.
01:45:59.000 If you just address things that you've done that were wrong or incorrect or unwise, let's just talk about them.
01:46:09.000 I'm not going to judge you on a mistake because you're a human being and you're 12 and human beings make mistakes.
01:46:16.000 But what's important to know is that I will praise you for telling me the truth if it's difficult.
01:46:22.000 That's very good.
01:46:23.000 Because I think it's a very valuable lesson for a kid.
01:46:26.000 Because otherwise you pretend you think you got away with it.
01:46:29.000 And then you live with that lie.
01:46:31.000 Of course.
01:46:31.000 Yeah.
01:46:32.000 Well, there's the German philosopher Nietzsche writes somewhere that people lie their way of reality when they're being hurt by reality.
01:46:40.000 And so there's certain politicians who are known for lying.
01:46:44.000 Yes.
01:46:45.000 Well, we know about their childhoods.
01:46:49.000 Really traumatic, really abusive.
01:46:51.000 What kind of childhood did Biden have?
01:46:53.000 There was an article in the New Yorker magazine about the Biden family.
01:46:59.000 Generations of alcoholism.
01:47:01.000 Well, that makes sense.
01:47:04.000 And other forms of manipulation and so on.
01:47:10.000 So when you look at Hunter Biden...
01:47:12.000 Right.
01:47:15.000 And Hunter has actually mentioned my work because his own addictions, he came to some understanding about the traumatic basis of his addiction problem.
01:47:27.000 But...
01:47:31.000 That addiction on Hunter's part is just the downloading of multiple generations of family suffering.
01:47:39.000 So it's not anybody's fault.
01:47:41.000 You're not pointing fingers at anybody.
01:47:43.000 But there's trauma in that family.
01:47:45.000 And there's no American president in recent memory that didn't have significant trauma in their childhoods.
01:47:52.000 And it's affected, of course, how they conduct politics.
01:47:55.000 You know, and it shows up.
01:47:57.000 I mean, I don't know if you know the name Bessel van der Kolk.
01:48:02.000 He's a psychiatrist.
01:48:03.000 There's a perennial bestseller in the New York Times called The Body Keeps the Score, which is about trauma.
01:48:09.000 And this is a book about trauma that's been bestseller enough for five years, every week in the New York Times.
01:48:15.000 And Bessel told me that Donald Trump is a poster boy for trauma.
01:48:19.000 Which he is in a certain way because often many people say that he's lying.
01:48:26.000 But by the way, there's Trump supporters here.
01:48:28.000 I'm not arguing politics here.
01:48:30.000 I'm just talking about a human being.
01:48:31.000 I'm talking about a human being.
01:48:33.000 When they say that he's lying, I don't even think he's lying consciously much of the time.
01:48:39.000 The guy who wrote The Art of the Deal with him, a guy called Tony Schwartz, once said that this man doesn't know the difference between the truth and the lie because if he wants something to be true, he'll believe it.
01:48:50.000 Now, what other class of human beings will believe when they want something to be true?
01:48:56.000 Children.
01:48:57.000 Yes.
01:48:58.000 No, Trump had a terrible childhood.
01:49:01.000 And his niece, Mary Trump, who's a psychologist, whose father drank himself to death, was Trump's brother.
01:49:09.000 And he drank himself to death.
01:49:11.000 So traumatized was he in the Trump family of origin.
01:49:15.000 Well, one of Trump's responses to that...
01:49:17.000 Well, first of all, poor attention.
01:49:19.000 His attention is all over the place.
01:49:21.000 That's a typical ADHD response.
01:49:23.000 I'm not diagnosing him.
01:49:24.000 I'm just saying, I recognize it as a response to trauma.
01:49:27.000 But the other is that he's got difficulty telling truth from reality sometimes because he wants something to be so true because his early years were so difficult he couldn't face the truth of it.
01:49:41.000 Yeah.
01:49:41.000 And so what we're seeing in our politics, very often are highly traumatized people, you know, who then have to act out their trauma on the public level.
01:49:50.000 I don't care which party you're talking about.
01:49:53.000 Right.
01:49:53.000 I'm not being partisan here.
01:49:54.000 I'm just saying how I see it.
01:49:57.000 Well, it's one of the more difficult aspects of modern politics is that the people that choose to pursue that level of adulation and attention and power are the people that should never have it.
01:50:12.000 That's the whole point.
01:50:13.000 Yeah, that's why it's so crazy.
01:50:15.000 It's this wild pursuit and every four years we hope for a new leader, someone to rise who's going to make sense of it all and fix it all and it just doesn't happen.
01:50:27.000 Which kind of, which is true, and it also points to the real dynamic in political life that we're, on a political level, we're much more immature than we might be as individuals.
01:50:40.000 So we're like, we're looking to the mother figure or the father figure to fix it all for us.
01:50:45.000 Instead of us asking, well, what's going on here, community?
01:50:48.000 What's going on on a social level or cultural level?
01:50:51.000 How do we all play a role in somehow making it better?
01:50:54.000 We say, let's just elect the right daddy or the right mummy, and they're going to make it okay.
01:50:59.000 And then four years later, we're disappointed.
01:51:03.000 So they elect another mummy or daddy.
01:51:05.000 And we're also locked into this tribal ideological thinking where you can justify the lies of the person on your side because they're on your team.
01:51:17.000 That's right.
01:51:17.000 And so you say, well, better him than them.
01:51:20.000 You saw that in your politics, American politics, because...
01:51:26.000 The kind of sexual adventurism that Bill Clinton engaged in was never excoriated and criticized as harshly as, say, Trump.
01:51:36.000 Now, Trump was more egregious about it.
01:51:38.000 I mean, he was talking about grabbing people at a pussy because they can get away with it.
01:51:42.000 Yeah, but he was caught on microphones saying that.
01:51:45.000 I guarantee you Clinton has had similar conversations.
01:51:48.000 That's a good point.
01:51:49.000 But the point I'm really making is that I have to say, not that I'm defending Trump here.
01:51:57.000 There's nothing to defend.
01:51:59.000 To me, it's a sign of dysfunction.
01:52:02.000 But he was criticized far more severely than Clinton ever was for the very same behavior.
01:52:12.000 And it works both ways, that people tend to criticize in the others, in the other side, that which will completely excuse in their own side, which makes political debates so toxic.
01:52:27.000 Well, no one's being honest.
01:52:28.000 And we decide what team we like, and that's our tribe.
01:52:33.000 And that's also a negative consequence of our development, how we all evolved in these small tribal groups, is that the outsiders are threatening, but you are protected by whatever group you align with.
01:52:51.000 And you see that with the blue no matter who or red till dead.
01:52:55.000 You see that from either ideological position.
01:52:58.000 They would support whoever's on their side.
01:53:01.000 You know, there's a psychologist at Notre Dame University.
01:53:05.000 She's retired now.
01:53:06.000 Her name is Darcia Narvaez, and she studied hunter-gatherer groups.
01:53:11.000 It might be interesting for you to talk to her once.
01:53:14.000 She studied them internationally, studied them historically, and I don't want to speak on her behalf, but she could give you a very interesting What's her name again?
01:53:24.000 I'll write it down for you afterwards.
01:53:25.000 It's Darcia Narvez, and actually she's written a new book, which when it comes out, you really might want to talk to her.
01:53:31.000 I wrote, she asked me to write the foreword for it, and the book is called The Evolved Nest, and it'll be published next year by North Atlantic Books, and I'm happy to give you her name.
01:53:40.000 Okay, yeah, that sounds great.
01:53:42.000 She's got a huge body of work.
01:53:43.000 She's written many wonderful books.
01:53:45.000 She can talk really...
01:53:50.000 Maybe I'm talking too fast.
01:53:51.000 This must be all the caffeine I'm drinking.
01:53:53.000 You're not talking too fast.
01:53:54.000 It's great.
01:53:54.000 Oh, that's good.
01:53:55.000 No worries.
01:53:56.000 Anyway, Darcia could really tell you about her studies of hunter-gatherer groups.
01:54:02.000 And not only about that, but about how...
01:54:06.000 Her evolution has mirrored and paralleled the evolution of other mammals and how much we have in common with other animals when it comes to rearing the young and interacting with each other and so on.
01:54:18.000 She's a very fascinating person to talk with.
01:54:22.000 Well, I wouldn't be surprised that our evolution mirrors other mammals.
01:54:27.000 It's like we are mammals.
01:54:28.000 We are animals, no matter what we think of ourselves.
01:54:30.000 We're just this weird mammal that happens to be, at least amongst the ones walking on Earth, the most intelligent.
01:54:39.000 Yes, and unfortunately, once that intelligence becomes disconnected from our emotional lives, it becomes a dangerous weapon, which is largely what's happened.
01:54:50.000 I'm talking about our real emotional lives.
01:54:54.000 Darcy's got this concept called, she says that we are species atypical, which means that we're actually the only species that is capable of creating environments that actually hurt us.
01:55:09.000 Most species will seek out and cultivate, like beavers, will create environments that will support the protection and nurturing of the young.
01:55:17.000 They build these dams, they create ponds.
01:55:22.000 We create environments that actually hurt us.
01:55:25.000 We're species atypical.
01:55:28.000 That's true, right?
01:55:29.000 I mean, we create ghettos, and we create horrible, toxic air quality because of the way we develop power in our cities, and yeah.
01:55:40.000 Yeah, and then we justify it by whatever pursuit we're involved in.
01:55:46.000 You know, you have to break a few eggs to make an omelet.
01:55:49.000 We're also the...
01:55:50.000 I mean, look, I mean, as a Jewish kid growing up in Eastern Europe, With the awareness of what had happened.
01:56:00.000 I had some awareness of what had happened.
01:56:03.000 My grandfather was 54 and he was a wonderful doctor in a town and he was taken to Auschwitz and died that same day.
01:56:13.000 So I grew up with this huge question in my mind of just how can people do this?
01:56:19.000 And human beings are the only ones that will gratuitously and for no practical reason Turn on each other.
01:56:28.000 And they do this habitually.
01:56:31.000 It's not even like conquest and war.
01:56:35.000 I mean, that experience didn't serve anybody's needs.
01:56:41.000 It had no purpose other than Acting out of pure hatred and insanity by one people against another, you know, but this happens all the time in human life and so My quest as an individual and as a physician and just as an observer Why why do we do this and what do we have to learn about ourselves?
01:57:04.000 So that we can break this chain of trauma I think people need to hear it discussed in a way that I It makes sense in their mind.
01:57:17.000 Like what you're saying here today I think is going to radically impact a lot of people that are listening to this because you're saying things that resonate.
01:57:26.000 It works in their mind.
01:57:29.000 Oh, that makes sense.
01:57:30.000 Okay, now I understand it.
01:57:32.000 And then once you've intellectualized that, once you have these ideas in your head, now when confronted by what would be a typical behavior, a pattern that you had fallen into, then you can recognize and say, oh, this is why I'm doing this.
01:57:48.000 And then the process of change Is gradual and slow.
01:57:53.000 I think psychedelics, one of the ways they help, and I agree with you that they're only a small part of this process of change, but they allow you to completely detach from the normal patterns of life in a way that is inescapable.
01:58:09.000 Like when you're having a DMT experience or a psilocybin experience, it's And one of the weird things is that the most profound of these experiences, or many of the most profound, mimic human neurochemistry.
01:58:23.000 That's the whole point.
01:58:24.000 Yes.
01:58:25.000 Yeah, I mean, that's what psilocybin does.
01:58:27.000 That's what dimethyltryptamine does.
01:58:29.000 It's all these things.
01:58:30.000 And we have even cannabinoid receptors in our brains.
01:58:32.000 Yes, yes.
01:58:34.000 And, you know, there's undeniable benefits for some people with these things, but it's not a panacea.
01:58:41.000 It's not as simple as, like, take this, you'll be fine.
01:58:43.000 Well, I mean, two things occurred to me when you said that.
01:58:46.000 What was the first thing?
01:58:48.000 Oh yeah, when you're talking about people recognizing, I think what's really important here is that when people look at their lives and whether they've lied or they've let themselves down or others, that they examine their experience compassionately.
01:59:04.000 Not with self-judgment of moral condemnation of themselves, but why did I do that?
01:59:11.000 What made me do that?
01:59:13.000 Not as a way of excusing it, but as a way of understanding it so I don't have to do it again.
01:59:19.000 So that's the first point.
01:59:22.000 You talked about using natural chemistry, so let's look at opiate addiction.
01:59:28.000 It's a really interesting example.
01:59:29.000 So people are addicted to heroin, you know, and I worked with a lot of heroin addicts in Vancouver's downtown Eastside, which is North America's most concentrated area of drug use.
01:59:40.000 I mean, if you've never been there, it's an eye-opener.
01:59:43.000 I've heard it's horrible.
01:59:44.000 Yeah, so that's why I was a physician there for 12 years and I was a doctor at North America's at that time only supervised injection site where people would bring their drugs and inject themselves with heroin with clean needles, sterile water, and if they overdosed they'd be resuscitated.
01:59:58.000 So opiate addictions and what you said about natural human chemistry.
02:00:03.000 So why do people get hooked on opiates?
02:00:07.000 Well, Opium works in the human brain because we have receptors for it.
02:00:16.000 But why do we have receptors from a plant that comes from Afghanistan?
02:00:20.000 Well, we don't.
02:00:21.000 We have, as you said, receptors, I should say, our internal opiate system.
02:00:26.000 This is our own natural chemical.
02:00:28.000 Now, why do we have opiates?
02:00:30.000 Well, if you understand opiate addiction, you have to look at what do our natural opiates, which are called endorphins, and endorphins are, it means endogenous morphine-like substance.
02:00:40.000 So why do we have endorphins?
02:00:41.000 What do endorphins do?
02:00:43.000 But the first thing they do is they're pain relievers.
02:00:46.000 And they relieve not only physical pain, but emotional pain.
02:00:49.000 So people have this natural painkiller, which is good.
02:00:53.000 You know, if I bang my knee, then these endorphins...
02:00:56.000 By the way, when people cut themselves, That's what they're doing?
02:01:00.000 They're looking after the endorphin hit.
02:01:02.000 Wow.
02:01:04.000 So the pain relievers, physical and emotional pain relievers, that's the first thing they do.
02:01:10.000 Second thing they do is they make possible the experience of pleasure and reward and joy and elation.
02:01:17.000 So those are important experiences because life is tough.
02:01:20.000 What would our life be like if we had no joy, elation and pleasure?
02:01:23.000 So endorphins help with that experience.
02:01:26.000 The third thing they do is the most important thing.
02:01:30.000 Then it's possible this little thing called love.
02:01:33.000 Endorphins promote the loving contact between mother or father and infant.
02:01:39.000 So when mother and dad or mother or dad are looking into the infant's eyes and the infant is smiling up at them, both the infant and the parent gets an endorphin hit.
02:01:50.000 Now without that, now if you take infant mice and you knock out their endorphin receptors, these little mice will not cry for their mothers on separation.
02:01:59.000 What would that mean in the wild?
02:02:02.000 Death.
02:02:02.000 Their death.
02:02:03.000 That's how important the endorphins are.
02:02:05.000 Yeah.
02:02:06.000 Now, if you take human beings who didn't have those early experiences that promoted the proper development of endorphin circuits, you got a sitting duck for opiate addiction.
02:02:16.000 When they do heroin, they feel normal for the first time in their lives, as many people have told me.
02:02:22.000 Russell Brand told me about this experience of love that he had when he did endorphin, you know?
02:02:26.000 When he did heroin, you mean?
02:02:28.000 Yeah, when he did heroin, yeah, sorry.
02:02:29.000 Yeah.
02:02:33.000 When I was working in detox at that facility I told you about, this big muscled guy.
02:02:40.000 Imagine your body in a six foot four guy and earring and tattoos and shaved head and just tough looking as anything.
02:02:50.000 And he was coming in for detox from heroin.
02:02:53.000 I said, what does it do for you?
02:02:55.000 And he said, doc, I don't know how to tell you this, but it's like you're sick and you're ill with a fever.
02:03:03.000 And your mother wraps you in a warm blanket, sits you on her lap, and gives you warm chicken soup.
02:03:08.000 That's what the heroin feels like.
02:03:11.000 Love.
02:03:12.000 Love, yeah.
02:03:13.000 And when somebody told me, this sex trade worker with HIV, I said, what does it do for you?
02:03:19.000 She said, when I first did heroin, it felt like a warm, soft hug.
02:03:23.000 In other words, mother.
02:03:25.000 Father, love, parenting.
02:03:28.000 Why do people who are addicted to heroin?
02:03:30.000 Because they didn't have those experiences.
02:03:32.000 And very often they had really negative and abusive experiences.
02:03:36.000 And then we punish these people.
02:03:38.000 We ostracize them.
02:03:39.000 We cast them out of society.
02:03:41.000 It's still a struggle in the United States to establish safe injection sites where people can use clean water so they don't pass each other with HIV. I mean, we're that backward.
02:03:53.000 Yeah.
02:03:53.000 And then there's the illegalization of iboga.
02:03:57.000 Yeah.
02:03:58.000 Iboga gain and also psilocybin and ayahuasca have been shown to help people cure addiction and to have some sort of a center where you have trained experts that can guide people through these things.
02:04:12.000 Exactly.
02:04:13.000 And then there's the problem with these experts because they become a subject to all of the human flawed instincts of the guru mentality and then they become this revered person because they've introduced this person into this world of psychedelics.
02:04:33.000 And their ego grows and they feed off the adulation and attention and then they get lost.
02:04:39.000 I've seen psychedelic shamans even abuse, sexually abuse their clients.
02:04:46.000 Not that I've seen it, I know of it very directly personally.
02:04:49.000 Yeah, I've heard of it as well.
02:04:50.000 I've heard of it as well in some of these retreats where you go to these other countries.
02:04:54.000 So you have to really have some due diligence before you go to a place.
02:04:58.000 And this happens, of course, in the spiritual leadership where all the Buddhist masters that have abused their clients or exploited their clients, the Catholic priests who have...
02:05:08.000 It's a power thing, right?
02:05:09.000 The psychiatrists who have, the doctors who have, the politicians who have.
02:05:14.000 It's just once you have power and you don't know yourself, Right.
02:05:19.000 It doesn't matter how good you are and how much you know and how much wisdom you might even have, but if you're not integrated, you might very fall into the trap of using your power for selfish purposes.
02:05:31.000 And that's what these people do.
02:05:34.000 Yeah, that's a weird instinct that human beings have because it never ends well.
02:05:40.000 It's mapped out.
02:05:42.000 There's been so many instances of these cult-like situations or cult leaders.
02:05:48.000 It never ends well.
02:05:49.000 No, it doesn't.
02:05:50.000 Never.
02:05:50.000 And yet people still go down that path because in that moment when they're in control of their flock and when they're getting all this adulation and they're doing whatever they want to do, they feel like they're superior.
02:06:03.000 They're invincible.
02:06:04.000 They're significant.
02:06:05.000 They're something special.
02:06:07.000 Yeah.
02:06:07.000 Yeah.
02:06:08.000 And one sees that all the time.
02:06:10.000 You see it in athletics.
02:06:12.000 There's so many athletes that I know that were abused by coaches and experts and the very famous case, the infamous case of Larry Nassar.
02:06:24.000 The doctor who abused all these young women and the acrobats.
02:06:30.000 He got away with it for years and years and years, which is again, part of what the system does is it robs people of their internal power and they surrender it to others and they don't even think to complain.
02:06:44.000 Right.
02:06:45.000 Yeah.
02:06:46.000 Yeah, they don't think that they have the ability to complain.
02:06:49.000 There's so many people that have power over them.
02:06:52.000 That's right.
02:06:53.000 And they're also holding this position of a spot on the Olympic team, and you're going to compete, represent the United States in gymnastics, and so you just deal with it.
02:07:03.000 Yeah.
02:07:05.000 Yeah, the power dynamic of human beings having power over other human beings in that way, specifically in regards to psychedelics, is one of the more disturbing things to me because I've seen this abusive thing happen in people that should know better.
02:07:22.000 They should know better.
02:07:23.000 I mean they're supposedly on this journey and yet they're involved in this thing where they're clearly – they're extracting an enormous amount of adulation out of these people and they're using it in this very transparent way.
02:07:41.000 And when you hear them talk, it's so obvious.
02:07:43.000 And to anyone who doesn't know any better, or doesn't know them, rather, and they walk, like, what do you think's going on here?
02:07:49.000 What is that, a cult?
02:07:50.000 Like, immediately.
02:07:52.000 Because it's got that aspect of it.
02:07:55.000 It can become cult.
02:07:57.000 And the people, that's a weird instinct, too, because we're always...
02:08:02.000 We're leaning towards a tribal leader.
02:08:04.000 You know, that's part of our heritage of developing in these tribes.
02:08:09.000 Darcy and Nerves could talk to you about that.
02:08:11.000 Yeah.
02:08:11.000 Because the tribal leaders weren't all powerful rulers.
02:08:15.000 They were servants.
02:08:16.000 Mm-hmm.
02:08:17.000 They may have been good at leading a war party, but that didn't give them authority to rule over the others.
02:08:25.000 What we can say is that human beings are incredibly complex beings and we've got these incredible intellects and the more we become Again, you talked about the kindness that you found in yourself and that you recognize is closer to your true nature than your previous persona.
02:08:47.000 Yeah.
02:08:49.000 When we develop the power or we develop the intellect or any aspects of ourselves, but we get cut off from the heart, we become very dangerous creatures.
02:08:58.000 And neuroscientifically speaking, we think of the brain as sort of the ruler of everything.
02:09:05.000 Actually, we have three brains, at least three brains.
02:09:08.000 We have a brain up here, then there's a brain in the heart.
02:09:11.000 There's a nervous system in the heart that has got important Predictive and knowledge.
02:09:21.000 So is the gut.
02:09:23.000 Ideally, the gut and the heart and the nervous system up here will be all connected and in sync.
02:09:32.000 And if we are, we're very grounded and present and wise.
02:09:36.000 And if we're not, if we cut off anyone from the others, and that's what trauma does, is it cuts us into little parts.
02:09:43.000 So we're no longer this whole.
02:09:48.000 That means that certain parts of ourselves can then take over and rule the roost to the detriment of ourselves and to others.
02:09:56.000 And that's the essence of trauma, this disconnection from our whole selves.
02:10:01.000 So, essentially, human beings are this incredibly complex, almost organic machine that doesn't come with an operating system.
02:10:15.000 Doesn't come with a...
02:10:16.000 Yeah, it doesn't come with a...
02:10:17.000 Well, it comes with an...
02:10:18.000 Excuse me, not an operating system, an operating manual.
02:10:21.000 That's exactly right.
02:10:22.000 It doesn't come with a programming.
02:10:23.000 Yeah.
02:10:25.000 It's how that operating system gets programmed by the environment that determines so much of what we behave like and what we love, what we hate, what we accept, what we deny.
02:10:41.000 Again, that's the essence of trauma.
02:10:43.000 And so the subtitle is Trauma, Illness and Healing in a Toxic Cultures.
02:10:48.000 How do we get back to that wholeness?
02:10:51.000 That's my whole, not just mine, but it's one of my, that's the essential question.
02:10:58.000 And so you're trying to, with this book, provide people with the tools and the understanding to recognize these inherent flaws that human beings have and these traps that they fall into and give them an understanding of how to lead their life in a way that's more harmonious.
02:11:18.000 That's as good a summation of the book as I could give you.
02:11:21.000 Yeah, that's a very valuable thing to do for people because there's so many people that they just don't know what to do and they don't have any outlet other than psychiatrists and psychiatrists oftentimes immediately put them on drugs.
02:11:40.000 Modern trend of what's called biological psychiatry.
02:11:43.000 Yeah.
02:11:44.000 Which is all about, let's change the biology of your brain by giving you this pill.
02:11:48.000 What they're not trained to understand is that the biology of the brain is determined by the environment.
02:11:55.000 So the brain develops an interaction with the environment and is in a lifelong interactive relationship with it.
02:12:01.000 Both the internal environment and the external environment.
02:12:04.000 So rather than blaming the biology of the brain, let's look at what shapes the biology.
02:12:09.000 So, in the book I talk about, I don't know if you're a comedian, do you know who Daryl Hammond was?
02:12:14.000 Sure, yeah, I know Daryl.
02:12:15.000 Yeah, so Daryl's in the book.
02:12:16.000 Oh, is he?
02:12:17.000 Yeah, yeah.
02:12:17.000 So Daryl had a documentary about his life called Cracked Up, which is when Netflix were, it's still available on Netflix.
02:12:25.000 And Daryl, in his 20s, developed a mental health condition.
02:12:31.000 And over the next two decades or more, he was seen by 40 different psychiatrists.
02:12:36.000 What kind of mental health condition?
02:12:38.000 Well, they called it psychosis, they called it bipolar illness.
02:12:42.000 He was given a whole lot of diagnoses, typically, and all these medications.
02:12:48.000 Until finally, one psychiatrist in New York said to him, I don't want to call what you have a disease.
02:12:55.000 Something terrible happened to you.
02:12:57.000 Now, Dale was abused severely by his mother throughout his childhood.
02:13:02.000 And he says, it was a hallelujah moment for me.
02:13:06.000 But it had taken him decades and three dozen psychiatrists to have found him and finally said to him, something happened to you.
02:13:14.000 And what you're experiencing is a response to what happened to you.
02:13:19.000 So I interviewed Daryl for the book, you know, and he's gone a long way towards having dealt with this trauma.
02:13:25.000 But nobody for all those decades is all about take this pill or take that pill, this diagnosis, that diagnosis.
02:13:31.000 It's so typical.
02:13:32.000 Has Daryl had psychedelic experiences?
02:13:35.000 First of all, even if I knew, I couldn't tell you.
02:13:38.000 Oh, because you're a doctor?
02:13:39.000 No, because it's somebody's private life.
02:13:41.000 Right.
02:13:42.000 Well, if he's talked about it publicly.
02:13:44.000 But I don't know that he has.
02:13:45.000 So I haven't heard him talk about psychedelics.
02:13:49.000 I have no knowledge.
02:13:51.000 So if he had talked about it publicly and if I'd heard about it, I would naturally say yes.
02:13:56.000 But I just don't know.
02:13:59.000 Yeah.
02:14:02.000 It's all based on pain.
02:14:05.000 I mean, it seems like everything that we're talking about, all these problems are coming out of trauma.
02:14:09.000 So does a lot of physical illness.
02:14:11.000 Yeah.
02:14:11.000 Like when you do the research, the more adversity you had as a childhood, the more we risk you are for addiction, for mental health issues, for relational issues, and also for autoimmune disease and malignancy.
02:14:24.000 So for example, there was a study out of Harvard University, I think three years ago, women with severe PTSD have doubled the risk of ovarian cancer.
02:14:36.000 Really?
02:14:37.000 Yeah.
02:14:38.000 Double?
02:14:38.000 Double.
02:14:39.000 What about other cancers?
02:14:41.000 In my experience, and I worked in palliative care for a while as well, looking up to two million people, and I've done the research, a lot of malignancy is related to trauma.
02:14:52.000 What's the mechanism?
02:14:54.000 Is it that it affects your immune system because you're severely stressed?
02:14:57.000 Well, let me give you an example.
02:14:59.000 Sure.
02:15:04.000 Let's see a child that sexually abuses, you know, the natural reaction would be rage.
02:15:10.000 Can they afford to be rageful?
02:15:13.000 If they were rageful, what would happen to them at the hands of the abuser?
02:15:18.000 They'd get punished even further.
02:15:20.000 Exactly.
02:15:21.000 Therefore, the defense mechanism is to suppress the rage.
02:15:25.000 Okay?
02:15:26.000 That's just a natural defense of the organism.
02:15:31.000 Okay?
02:15:32.000 Now, scientifically speaking, I'll tell you a secret that most physicians never hear about despite decades of research and thousands of research papers and elegant science.
02:15:44.000 The mind and the body are not separable.
02:15:46.000 What happens in the mind happens in the body and vice versa.
02:15:50.000 They're one unit.
02:15:51.000 In fact, one great researcher, Candice Peart, called it body-mind.
02:15:57.000 It's one unit.
02:15:58.000 So our emotional system is part and parcel of the same apparatus as governs our immune system and our nervous system and our hormonal apparatus.
02:16:11.000 It's all one system.
02:16:13.000 It's not separate.
02:16:14.000 They're different manifestations of the same system.
02:16:17.000 Now, what is the role of a healthy anger?
02:16:21.000 Like we've already talked about is to protect your boundaries.
02:16:24.000 What is the role of emotions in general?
02:16:28.000 It's to let in what's healthy and nurturing and welcome and to keep out what is not.
02:16:33.000 Is that clear enough?
02:16:35.000 Is that okay?
02:16:36.000 What is the role of the immune system?
02:16:38.000 Fight off intruders.
02:16:40.000 And to let in what's nurturing and healthy.
02:16:42.000 When you take vitamins and your supplements, you don't want your immune system attacking that.
02:16:48.000 So it's to let in what's nurturing and healthy, keep out what is dangerous and toxic.
02:16:53.000 The immune system and the emotional system have the same role.
02:16:57.000 Because they're one unit, when you repress anger, you're also suppressing your immune system.
02:17:03.000 That's been demonstrated in the laboratory.
02:17:06.000 Now, when you do that, Your defense against malignancy goes down.
02:17:13.000 Because your immune system is supposed to recognize the malignant transformation, which happens in our bodies all the time, by the way.
02:17:21.000 It's an accident of nature, but a healthy immune system will say, that's a foreigner, that cell, I'm going to destroy it.
02:17:28.000 Right.
02:17:29.000 When you repress healthy anger because you're programmed to do so, because some parenting expert told your parents that an angry child should be banished from your presence, or because the child was abused and to survive the abuse they had to repress their healthy self-defense.
02:17:44.000 Then they learn to suppress their anger all their lives.
02:17:48.000 That represses the immune system.
02:17:49.000 Now the immune system turns against you.
02:17:52.000 Or it can not fight off malignancy.
02:17:55.000 The physiology is straightforward.
02:17:58.000 It's elegant.
02:17:59.000 It's being worked out.
02:18:00.000 Most physicians never hear this.
02:18:03.000 Now, there was a study out of Massachusetts, I think, which I quote in the book.
02:18:08.000 I think 2,000 women are followed over 10 years.
02:18:11.000 Followed over 10 years.
02:18:15.000 Those who are unhappily married and didn't express their emotions were four times as likely to die as those who are unhappily married, but they did talk about their feelings.
02:18:26.000 Four times?
02:18:27.000 Four times, yeah.
02:18:29.000 You can't separate your emotional life from your physiological life.
02:18:32.000 Right.
02:18:33.000 So when you look at the question of why do women have 70-80% of autoimmune disease, they have much more likely to get rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma, lupus, chronic fatigue and so on and so forth.
02:18:48.000 It's because women in this society are particularly acculturated not to be angry.
02:18:57.000 It's also why black people have more illness in society, because they can't be angry.
02:19:02.000 For a black person to be angry is the core danger.
02:19:06.000 And so, if you look at the biological markers, they're different.
02:19:11.000 Not because of race, but because of racism.
02:19:16.000 And none of that has to do with diet?
02:19:18.000 Well, yes, in a certain sense it does, but it's not purely the diet.
02:19:24.000 It's part of a whole mix of influences.
02:19:28.000 Diet is a factor.
02:19:30.000 That is absolutely a factor.
02:19:31.000 And the emotions.
02:19:32.000 So as you know, for example, women who are, because I've heard you talk about it, people who are obese are more likely to get COVID, right?
02:19:38.000 Yes.
02:19:39.000 But who gets obese?
02:19:41.000 People are abused.
02:19:43.000 And why are they eating too much?
02:19:45.000 To cover up their feelings.
02:19:46.000 Exactly.
02:19:47.000 So it's all connected.
02:19:49.000 So the obesity epidemic in our society is an epidemic worldwide, by the way, as globalized capitalism extends its influence internationally.
02:19:58.000 Obesity is a huge problem in China now.
02:20:01.000 It didn't used to be.
02:20:02.000 It's a huge problem in Mexico.
02:20:03.000 It didn't used to be.
02:20:05.000 It's happening worldwide.
02:20:06.000 It's an epidemic.
02:20:07.000 But what's happening is that, number one, people are more and more isolated, more and more stressed.
02:20:13.000 Now they eat to soothe the stress.
02:20:18.000 And then in the goodness of their hearts, the sugar companies will come along and say, well, have this food.
02:20:25.000 It'll make you feel better.
02:20:27.000 The sweet, salt, fat combination.
02:20:29.000 So the system works elegantly.
02:20:32.000 Hoo, boy, and it's just exploiting these openings.
02:20:37.000 But it creates the problem in the first place and then it exploits the openings that it creates.
02:20:42.000 You couldn't design a better system if you wanted to a stress people and be profit after stress.
02:20:48.000 Do you have hope that we can sort this system out and that we can develop a better system?
02:20:54.000 Do you think that that's...
02:20:55.000 I believe in human beings.
02:20:59.000 I believe that You've experienced healing.
02:21:06.000 You've experienced an opening of kindness in yourself.
02:21:10.000 I don't claim to be perfect.
02:21:13.000 I don't think you do.
02:21:14.000 But we would say that we've come a long way.
02:21:16.000 Now if we can, why can't anybody?
02:21:18.000 So I think that human beings, I have a lot of belief in the human potential.
02:21:22.000 I just think we have to recognize what the problem is and move towards conditions that will support that potential rather than inhibit it.
02:21:29.000 So yeah, I believe in the possibilities of human beings.
02:21:33.000 That's why I get so excited about these kind of conversations and about your work in general is because it does give people a viable field of study and an option to understand and to look into all of the things that bother them and what is actually happening.
02:21:50.000 What are the underlying factors that are leading me to these bad decisions?
02:21:54.000 What are the underlying factors that lead me to this general feeling of distress and being upset?
02:22:02.000 Well, I think people need a map to themselves, and I think my work and the work of others that I highly respect is to offer people a map to understand themselves so that they can navigate their lives with some information rather than blindly.
02:22:18.000 Yeah.
02:22:19.000 Yeah, and that's all we can do, you know?
02:22:24.000 All you can do is sort of...
02:22:27.000 Give people another viable option and give people an understanding of why the current options are so unsatisfactory and what caused them and why they're there and how you could avoid these problems.
02:22:40.000 Yes.
02:22:41.000 And how you can get better.
02:22:42.000 Yes.
02:22:43.000 Should we end it right there?
02:22:44.000 We can end right here.
02:22:46.000 I couldn't think of a better way to end it.
02:22:48.000 It's a good way to end it.
02:22:49.000 Well, thank you again.
02:22:50.000 Thank you for being here.
02:22:51.000 And thank you again for all your work.
02:22:53.000 You've really done some amazing, amazing stuff.
02:22:56.000 And it's like, just have someone with your ability to express yourself.
02:23:03.000 Put that kind of information out there is incredibly valuable to people.
02:23:07.000 So thank you.
02:23:08.000 Well, thank you for giving me the opportunity.
02:23:09.000 Please, let's do it again sometime.
02:23:11.000 And the myth of normal.
02:23:13.000 Is this out currently?
02:23:14.000 Is it out right now?
02:23:15.000 September the 13th.
02:23:16.000 September 13th.
02:23:17.000 So that's like two days.
02:23:19.000 No, it's five days.
02:23:20.000 Oh, what's today?
02:23:21.000 I don't know what's going on.
02:23:23.000 The 8th.
02:23:23.000 So it's five days.
02:23:25.000 Yeah.
02:23:25.000 Okay.
02:23:26.000 So in five days.
02:23:27.000 So thank you very much.
02:23:29.000 And did you do an audio version of this as well?
02:23:31.000 There's an audio version, which I've got to mention.
02:23:34.000 My co-writer is my brilliant son, Daniel.
02:23:36.000 And he also narrates the audio version because he's a very talented actor and voice person, an award-winning narrator of books.
02:23:46.000 So Daniel did the audio version, which will be available the same date as the book is.
02:23:51.000 Beautiful.
02:23:52.000 Shout-out to Daniel.
02:23:53.000 Thank you.
02:23:54.000 Appreciate you.
02:23:54.000 Take care.
02:23:55.000 Bye, everybody.