00:38:05.800He didn't like being in the military. It was something that he had committed himself to doing.
00:38:11.160And at the time, I think it provided living for him and his family.
00:38:16.080It is August of 1978. What begins as a six-year hitch turns into a career of nearly two decades.
00:38:23.580He starts as a carpenter and a welder in a unit that repairs buildings.
00:38:27.760He goes from Fort Lewis, just south of Tacoma, to Germany, and from Germany to Saudi Arabia for the Gulf War with the 64th Engineer Company, inspecting and destroying Saddam Hussein's stockpiles of chemical weapons.
00:38:43.300Mildred's brother, Michael Jones, describes that side of him this way to Investigation Discovery.
00:38:48.680John was a combat engineer. He can be shot at their minds. That is a very stressful job.
00:38:57.780But he was an expert marksman with the M16. That was the rifle at that time.
00:39:06.040A 1982 note in his file praises his initiative and his results. But that same year,
00:39:12.560he is court-martialed. The charges are a strange little bundle, disobeying an order, striking a
00:39:20.360sergeant, taking another man's tape measure, and briefly going AWOL. Two charges are dropped. He
00:39:27.000is fined $100 and receives a suspended jail sentence. He later steals an M-16 from the
00:39:33.280armory and hides it in a dormitory. No charges are filed for that. Out in the Saudi desert in early
00:39:40.3601991, a higher-ranking sergeant named Kip Berenson chews John out one day for sleeping
00:39:47.560in another soldier's sleeping bag. Berenson will remember the look John gave him as the
00:39:52.940stare of death. Then, in the middle of the night in February, a thermite grenade lights
00:39:59.340up the inside of a tent where a dozen soldiers are asleep, throwing heat, fire, and sparks,
00:40:05.060which could easily light the ammo. There is a scramble in the dark, and everyone gets out.
00:40:11.880Berenson does not think this is an accident. An army captain says the pin to the grenade was found
00:40:18.060near John's bunk. The military police come, and John Williams is led away in handcuffs.
00:40:25.140And then, nothing. No record of any discipline in his file. He is apparently cleared. Or is he?
00:40:34.560Mildred remembers the grenade incident, or at least John's version of it, a bit differently.
00:40:40.420She later retells the story to the podcast Monster DC Sniper.
00:40:44.920A soldier challenged him in front of others, and he felt humiliated.
00:40:52.680That soldier, that night, was in charge of the explosives.
00:40:59.520John went, snuck into that area, and stole a grenade.
00:41:06.600He threw the grenade in the tent and jumped into his sleeping bag.
01:21:43.680At a period of time, they would bring targets to me.
01:21:46.660And the targets were getting better and better.
01:21:49.240And actually one where the target was actually dead shot, center mass.
01:21:54.100Two weeks after he first takes the boy to a range, Muhammad hands him a gift.
01:21:58.500It's a t-shirt with the word sniper across the front.
01:22:02.880He tells Malvo he won it in a sniper competition in the 90s.
01:22:06.880Malva wears it. Muhammad tells Earl Dancy that he qualified as a sniper in the army.
01:22:13.360He's telling Dancy other things, too. That his ex-wife and one of her friends conspired to take
01:22:20.160his children and that he's going to get them for it. He has Dancy sit down at his computer and
01:22:26.640search for Mildred Muhammad on the internet. Dancy finds her. She's in the Washington, D.C. area,
01:22:33.660Which brings us back to a doorbell in Tacoma, shortly before a cross-country journey will begin.
01:22:42.260Authorities believe that on the drizzly evening of February 16, 2002, it was Lee Boyd Malvo who borrowed Earl Dancy's compact Sig Sauer 45 and carried it across town to the corner of East 34th and East Roosevelt.
01:22:59.300By Malvo's own account, given years later to his defense team,
01:23:03.760Mohamed spends the weeks beforehand making sure the boy is ready.
01:32:39.680When he turns around, his wife, Linda, is on the pavement.
01:32:44.120Inside the store, people are screaming.
01:32:46.860Employees are shouting at each other to shut the doors.
01:32:49.980Within minutes, the lot fills with police.
01:32:53.180No one standing in it can tell anybody where the shot came from.
01:32:57.700Malvo will tell investigators years later exactly where he had been lying.
01:33:01.980In the documentary series Born to Kill, ballistics expert Jeff Miller walks through that account.
01:33:08.840Malvo said that he was lying here in this parking lot here at the community center near this stairway.
01:33:14.840And while Mohammed was providing a lookout for him, he was able to look across this parking lot, across the highway,
01:33:22.840and underneath the parking garage here at the Home Depot store.
01:33:25.840And Mr. and Mrs. Franklin were loading purchases into the back of their car,
01:33:30.840and the two of them were standing just underneath the home in the Home Depot store about halfway through the parking lot.
01:33:37.840The bullet entered the left side of her head, and as it exited her head, it started to fragment inside and caused a very traumatic injury to her head.
01:33:46.640When Lee Malvo eventually goes on trial in Virginia, his defense is built by Carmeta Alvarez, who traveled to Jamaica and Antigua and interviewed his family, and by the psychologists, who spent months with Malvo.
01:34:01.400They describe a course of instruction.
01:34:04.340The boy is given tapes, and he listens to them nightly.
01:34:08.400And years later, he can still name them.
01:34:10.800Message to the Black Man, the Willie Lynch speech.
01:34:14.420Malcolm X played in question-and-answer sessions while riding along on Muhammad's rounds.
01:39:36.600Your children are not safe anywhere at any time.
01:39:40.060A police chief negotiating with a killer through a bank of microphones, a whole country watching the wrong vehicle, and a letter nailed to a tree behind a steakhouse that finally tells the task force what these two men actually want.
01:39:59.660Six o'clock in the morning, Sunday, October 20th, 2002, Ashland, Virginia, about a block and a half off Interstate 95.
01:40:08.960The Ponderosa Steakhouse is closed and dark.
01:40:12.280It has been closed since the night before when a man was shot in its parking lot.
01:40:17.440The lot is still taped off as a crime scene.
01:40:20.160Inside, in the hall by the front doors, there is a public telephone.
01:40:27.520One of the men standing outside is an FBI agent.
01:40:30.820He hears the phone ringing inside the locked building and says,
01:40:34.680somebody should get in there and answer it.
01:40:36.540No one does. It is not his crime scene. His hands are tied. The phone continues ringing, then stops.
01:40:47.380Six hours earlier, around midnight, in the woods behind that restaurant, investigators find a
01:40:54.120plastic sandwich bag tacked to a tree with two white thumbtacks. It looks like a Halloween bag,
01:41:00.540the kind of child takes trick-or-treating. Folded inside it is a letter written on pink paper
01:41:07.000with stars stuck to it. Investigators bag it unopened. It goes to a lab in the morning
01:41:13.960and is finally read around noon. The letter is handwritten and there are detailed instructions.
01:41:21.660It's from the snipers who have been terrorizing Washington, D.C. for nearly three weeks.
01:41:25.940In it, they announced that they will call the public telephone at the Ponderosa at 6 o'clock Sunday morning, and police should be standing there to take it.
01:41:37.180I'm Megan Kelly, and this is MK Confidential.
01:41:44.520Jim Clemente and James Fitzgerald were in the room where the true profile of these killers begins to take shape.
01:51:19.960Why did he use quotation marks over call me God, then separate do not release to the press?
01:51:25.920If anything, they could have been underlined or exclamation mark.
01:51:28.940It was this person's way of emphasizing something important to them.
01:51:34.360And again, what I did in the Unabom case, I compared the Unabom writings to the eventual writings of Ted Kaczynski, many people in between.
01:51:42.300But finally, with Ted Kaczynski, we could line up these unusual punctuation marks and other, you know, verb and noun phrases.
01:51:49.460And that's what I was hoping to do in this case.
01:51:51.880While Fitz worked on the language, Jim Clemente worked on the scenes.
01:51:55.920The choice of targets, the distances of the shots, the timing.
01:52:00.820When the first six one-shots, one-kill happened,
01:52:06.140we immediately felt that this is somebody who is a little older.
01:52:57.060I remember very clearly Fitz was sitting next to me in the profiling room at our roundtable,
01:53:03.380where he said, look, there's such a dichotomy here between the actions,
01:53:08.200because we're all saying that we profile the shootings,
01:53:10.700and this is somebody who has planned and executed these shootings flawlessly.
01:53:15.880Yet Fitz is saying, I'm seeing some younger kind of influences in these notes.
01:53:24.040And I also remember, Fitz, you saying that Mr. Police is a line from some Jamaican reggae songs.
01:53:35.820And so that was the first time you mentioned that this person could have connections to Jamaica.
01:53:41.820Jamaica, off a phrase on the back of a tarot card.
01:53:45.880And as we were arguing this out, everybody said, well, certainly this guy is in his late 30s or early 40s because he must be police and military trained.
01:53:58.180But Fitz was saying, well, I don't know, based on these writings, he's either, well, if he's an adult, he's just barely an adult.
01:54:07.580But Fitz said, I think he's more like 15, 16 years old.
01:54:13.280There was one answer, though, that made both takes true.
01:54:17.120So I jumped in to back Fitz up and say, well, then either for the first time we have a guy who is perfectly calm, cool and collected while he is planning and executing the shootings, but decompensates and communicates like a child.
01:54:32.200Or for the first time in U.S. history, we have a sniper team, one old and one younger.
01:54:38.420But the profilers took issue with the idea of a team.
01:54:41.320In their experience, criminal snipers did not share control.
01:54:45.260But every single sniper case, criminal sniper case prior to this was a lone actor and a white male.
01:54:54.040So that's where you get the statistics pushing in one direction.
01:54:58.300But Fitz stuck to his guns. I supported him.
01:55:02.000And we eventually convinced the rest of the crew that this could be possible.
01:55:07.240They said snipers don't work well together because they have a God complex.
01:55:10.720And I said, well, if one of them's older and actually forcing his will on the younger one, then he is feeling fine because he's controlling the younger one and the younger one doesn't really have a say in it.
01:55:23.860And they're saying, ah, that doesn't make much sense.
01:55:26.020And I said, well, he could control him completely by sexually victimizing him.
01:55:31.220And lo and behold, I think it was 11 years later that Malvo came out while he was in prison
01:55:38.900and said that Muhammad had been sexually victimizing him from almost from day one.
01:55:43.800That was a guess in a room in 2002 about two men no one had yet identified.
01:55:50.560Muhammad was never charged with abusing Malvo, and he never answered that allegation.
01:55:57.240Then came Ashland and the bag on the tree.
01:56:00.220What Tim Clemente noticed first was the bag itself.
01:56:04.020My brother Tim was the one that found the note, the one at the steakhouse in Ashland.
01:56:10.820And he immediately, they hadn't opened it up, but it was actually tacked to a tree in a baggie that was a Halloween baggie, like a kid's Halloween trick-or-treat baggie.
01:56:22.280And so right there, just from the outside of that, and then seeing through the baggie that there were little gold stars on it, it was like, what kind of a 45-year-old is going to use this to communicate to law enforcement?
01:56:37.020When we then discussed it with Fitz, he gave us a number of other indicators of youthfulness in this communications.
01:56:45.760And that, you know, Mr. Police was kind of looking up to cops rather than, you know, scornfully looking down at them.
01:56:52.580You could read part of it through the plastic.
01:56:55.180Because it was a baggie that this note was contained in, you could see the front and the back of the note.
01:57:02.700And my brother saw the lines, your kids are not safe anywhere.
01:57:09.020Tim Clemente wanted to open it on the spot, preserve the evidence, but read it that night because he saw a clear threat to children in it.
01:57:17.520He was told no, it was not an FBI case yet.
01:57:21.180And the man who could make that call was asleep.
01:57:23.680somebody in the local department said no we're gonna we're gonna wait till the my boss wakes up
01:57:30.460and then uh we'll let him make that decision my brother really kind of tried a whole bunch of
01:57:36.720things to try to get them to open it immediately but they did not do it and the phone he was there
01:57:42.380the phone was inside the vestibule of the restaurant which was which was still locked
01:57:47.320but he heard the phone ring at 6 a.m and he said somebody should definitely get in there and answer
01:57:53.540it and again it was not our crime scene they never actually opened up the letter until like noon
01:58:00.420sunday when they finally got it to the lab we missed a classic chance to actually have someone
01:58:06.500talk to talk to it talk to the people that morning and and and it turns out there was
01:58:13.460an incoming call to that pay phone at 6 a.m that no one ever picked up and i've as a linguist i
01:58:20.500I just always wondered what it would be like to have been on that call and we could have
01:58:23.500really narrowed down even where they came from.
01:58:26.280Fitz knows what the alternative looks like because he's watched the Bureau do it once
01:58:30.240before on the kidnapping of Exxon executive Sidney Riso.
01:58:35.040Riso did not survive, but the way they caught the people who took him is the point.
01:58:40.240Agents in the Newark division, there was about 100 of them, all in cars.
01:58:45.180they went to every pay phone uh in like north jersey and they sat on it and sure enough because
01:58:52.700they knew a call was coming in to some tip line somewhere and sure enough someone sees a guy get
01:58:59.560out of a car a woman's in the car makes the call and the case gets put together from there they
01:59:03.600stop the car and they were the they were the kidnappers so that exactly could have been done
01:59:08.660overnight they could have had they would have had you know eight six to eight hours to put agents
01:59:13.760around every phone booth. It wouldn't have been easy and they could have missed it. We're not
01:59:18.500denying that. They could have made the arrest potentially right then and there and definitely
01:59:23.020saved a few more lives. When the letter is finally in hand, it runs four pages. It opens with the
01:59:29.800same three lines as the tarot card. Page two begins, we have tried to contact you to start
01:59:35.500negotiation. What follows is a numbered list of the calls they say they made and who took each
01:59:41.960one. An officer named Derek, a female officer at Rockville, the task force hotline, a priest,
01:59:50.260even CNN. Every one of them, by the writer's account, told them to call a different number
01:59:55.980or hung up. These people took the calls for a hoax or a joke, according to the letter.
02:00:02.420So your failure to respond has cost you five lives, it accuses. Then the demand. Ten million
02:00:09.660dollars into a Bank of America account. The note promises to call police at 6 a.m. on Sunday at the
02:00:16.820Ponderosa buffet and includes the phone number they plan to call. The letter closes with an
02:00:22.400alternative. If catching them matters more than stopping the killing, then, quote, prepare you
02:00:29.440body bags. And underneath that, a postscript. Your children are not safe anywhere at any time.
02:00:36.860And a promise, which Fitz has never forgotten.
02:00:41.120If we give you our word, then that is what takes place.
02:00:48.480Fitz noticed a conspicuous missing letter.
02:00:51.880So at the time of the D.C. sniper case, I'm in my Georgetown master's program in linguistics,
02:00:57.400and I happened to be taking a course in sociolinguistics, and we were studying U.S. dialects.
02:01:03.240And I was learning about, you know, Boston dialects, New York, Philadelphia, which is mine, other parts of the country.
02:01:10.920And I realized it's not all geographical, it's cultural.
02:01:14.000And here I notice on this letter, and one of the hallmarks, if you will, one of the features of Black vernacular English, there's a name for it,
02:01:22.320is a lot of Black people spoken in writing drop the S's on either possessive words or plural words.
02:01:29.780And here in this note, when the first two pages alone, this letter, I think there were four pages total, the person writes the word negotiation should have been plural.
02:01:40.520Demand should have been plural with an S and $10 million, which, of course, should have been plural.
02:01:47.620And if it happened just once, OK, it's a typo.
02:01:49.940I mean, it was handwritten, but, you know, a mistake.
02:01:52.300Second time, maybe third time, I said, we have dialect features here of a black person, most likely male.
02:02:01.020And I was the first one. And I know I talked to Jim Clemente about this.
02:02:05.040And I was the first one to say, Jim, I think we've got a black guy.
02:02:07.920Let's go up to the task force and tell them.
02:02:16.980And we very purposefully said, historically speaking, snipers are white males acting on their own.
02:02:25.800However, and here's the caveat, we don't know if this person exactly fits that historical matching in this particular case.
02:02:36.300And years later, I'd be hearing, oh, the FBI had it wrong.
02:02:39.000They said it was a white guy in the beginning.
02:02:41.320We technically didn't, but you have to be careful when you put these profiles together.
02:02:46.000We don't want investigators or the public ruling out someone if they think they have good evidence otherwise, and they don't make the phone call.
02:02:54.060So the Bureau hedged in writing on purpose, and the country heard white man, white van, and stopped listening.
02:03:02.040The men doing the shooting had been trying to get somebody on the phone for two weeks.
02:03:06.900Now they're asking the police to take their call at the Ponderosa so they can ensure the message gets through.
02:03:14.180Before any of the notes, one of the snipers called a priest.
02:03:17.580There was an even more detailed conversation where Muhammad, apparently earlier, had made a phone call to a priest.
02:03:28.220It was basically claiming the responsibility for the shootings outside of D.C., but also claiming responsibility for a shooting down south.
02:03:39.300Malvo and Mohamed apparently chose the priest specifically because he would not record their conversation,
02:03:45.140but they hoped he would go to the police.
02:04:31.880Chief Moose was supposed to say something like, we have the snipers in a noose with an unusual N-U-E-S-E, I believe, spelling of the word noose.
02:04:42.800So they were definitely playing games at the end.
02:04:45.080I'm saying they now, we were sure that there was more than one person.
02:04:49.420And now they're trying to have the chief of police, you know, at their beck and call and making these particular statements.
02:04:56.360And underneath all of it from the very first day, Fitz had a suspicion about what the shootings were actually for.
02:05:03.640I was giving a tour of the FBI, kind of just a real quick aside that day to some journalists and their partners.
02:05:08.920And we walk out and CNN, when they used to do news back then, they were covering the story as we're walking out the lobby.
02:05:15.080And the journalist said, you know, Fitz, what's going on here? What's happening?
02:05:18.660I said, I don't know. This is new to me, too.
02:05:20.140But I've learned sometimes that when multiple people are killed, it's designed to hide the one target that is really the person who the shooter or the murderer wants the dead.
02:05:30.920And it turns out, and Jim and I can discuss that later, that's exactly what the case was here.
02:05:36.400Clemente has a phrase for how a killer is made.
02:05:39.140He says genetics loads the gun, personality aims it, and experience pulls the trigger.
02:05:45.100In Mohammed's case, the experience he points to is a custody fight.
02:05:49.820I would say his wife getting custody of the kids and keeping them away from him.
02:15:18.860In the midst of the shootings, there was a woman on his route who was frightened to get on the bus.
02:15:26.320He used to stop the bus, get off, walk her out from behind a tree, and put her on board.
02:15:32.160Whenever he got to that spot, he would get off the bus and go get her on behind a tree and escort her to the bus,
02:15:42.560Telling her, don't worry, you're safe with me.
02:15:46.320They have to get to me before they can get to you.
02:15:49.760The boy in the woods that morning, taking aim at CJ, was 17, born in Jamaica,
02:15:56.180left behind by his mother, and raised by other people.
02:15:59.780Years later, Sonia Wills says to the social worker working on Lee Malvo's defense,
02:16:05.040if only Malvo had looked my son in the face before he killed him,
02:16:08.240he would have seen the perfect father for whom he had been searching.
02:16:13.600Police still do not have a name. The clue that gives them one has been sitting in an evidence
02:16:19.520room in Alabama for a month. That's next time on MK Confidential.
02:16:30.920September 21st, 2002. 11 days before James Martin is shot crossing a grocery store parking lot in
02:16:38.120Wheaton, Maryland, when the country learns the word sniper. Montgomery, Alabama. Closing time
02:16:45.140on Zelda Road outside a liquor store. Two women are locking up. Claudine Parker is 52. She is the
02:16:53.140store's business manager, and she is in her last pay period before retirement. Next month, she is
02:16:58.980supposed to start coaching tennis at Alabama State. Behind her is Kelly Adams, 24, a clerk,
02:17:06.520newly married, with a new baby. Kelly doesn't hear anything. She will describe it as being
02:17:13.060electrocuted. A single rifle round comes in under her jaw from the left, goes through,
02:17:19.560and shatters the window beside the door. She goes down. Claudine Parker backs away,
02:17:25.340and for a moment, one of the store's pillars stands between her and the shooter.
02:17:30.000Then she backs out from behind it, and she is shot through the shoulder blade and does not move again.
02:17:36.000Kelly Adams tells police what she can see from the ground. Thin black legs, shorts, somebody standing over her, pointing a small silver revolver at her head. And then the person just turns and runs off.
02:17:51.120Two Montgomery patrol officers on a routine patrol are close enough to hear the shots.
02:17:56.560They pull in and see a young black man with a medium afro behind the pillar going through a
02:18:01.980purse. The young man runs. One officer stays with the women. The other goes after him,
02:18:08.020chasing him over a fence and then another and loses him. And somewhere in that chase,
02:18:13.900the runner drops something. There is a gun show in town that weekend, so it could belong to
02:18:19.520anybody. Two detectives bag it anyway. It's a catalog, a paper magazine full of rifle accessories
02:18:27.000from a company called Armalite. Claudine Parker will never coach at Alabama State. She dies in
02:18:34.500surgery about three hours later. Kelly Adams lives. She will have 31 operations in the next
02:18:41.400five years and a permanent implant to manage the pain. The gun magazine goes to the lab
02:18:47.840and it gives up 36 clean fingerprints all from the same person. Montgomery PD runs them locally,
02:18:55.720then through the state system, then through neighboring Georgia. Nothing comes back.
02:19:00.900Investigators take that to mean whoever handled the catalog has never been arrested as an adult.
02:19:06.740For a month, the answer to the DC sniper case sits in an evidence room in Alabama
02:30:42.260And it turns out they put Malvo in a room.
02:30:46.060He may have been handcuffed in front, which you never do, always behind.
02:30:49.200And they didn't handcuff him to the bar on the wall.
02:30:51.900And somehow he used that bar, climbed up into the ceiling.
02:30:54.800And he actually crawled about 50 feet over the, you know, the drop ceiling until finally he reached a weak spot and fell down on the ground.
02:31:04.420He was fine. But they got him up, handcuffed him again, put him in the room, and he never escaped again.
02:31:11.160Back on the mountain, nobody can search the car without a warrant.
02:31:14.840It is finally signed at 5.55 in the morning.
02:31:18.400When they get inside, an FBI SWAT leader notices the back seat looks wrong.
02:31:22.880The cushion has been altered so it swings up at the top like a hatch.