00:01:13.220And Joshua commanded the officers of the people,
00:01:16.360Pass through the midst of the camp and command the people,
00:01:19.520prepare your provisions for within three days you are to pass over this Jordan to go in to take
00:01:26.220possession of the land that the Lord your God is giving you to possess and to the Reubenites the
00:01:32.500Gadites and the half tribe of Manasseh Joshua said remember the word that Moses the servant of the
00:01:38.660Lord commanded you saying the Lord your God is providing you a place of rest and will give you
00:01:43.900this land. Your wives, your little ones, and your livestock shall remain in the land that Moses gave
00:01:50.240you beyond the Jordan. But all the men of valor among you shall pass over armed before your
00:01:56.380brothers and shall help them until the Lord gives rest to your brothers as he has to you. And they
00:02:03.480also take possession of the land that the Lord your God is giving them. Then you shall return
00:02:10.380to the land of your possession and shall possess it the land that Moses the servant of the Lord
00:02:15.520gave you beyond the Jordan toward the sunrise and they answered Joshua all that you have commanded
00:02:21.460us we will do and whenever you send wherever you send us we will go just as we obeyed Moses in all
00:02:28.880things so we will obey you only may the Lord your God be with you as he was with Moses whoever
00:02:36.160rebels against your commandment and disobeys your words, whatever you command him shall be put to
00:02:42.220death. Only be strong and courageous. This is the word of the Lord. All right, please be seated.
00:02:49.880The first thing that I want us to see is found in the first verse of our text, namely verse 10.
00:02:55.760In your notes, commentating on this verse, I've written the following. Immediately after assuming
00:03:00.540his position in the government of Israel as the successor of Moses, Joshua begins to work toward
00:03:06.220the obedience of God and the blessing of his people. And the lesser magistrates, officers,
00:03:13.840immediately attend to Joshua to receive their orders. Joshua could have accomplished little
00:03:20.220without his officers' eagerness to execute his commands. Scripture requires us to be subject,
00:03:27.080not only to the king as supreme, but to governors as to those that are sent by him.
00:03:33.580That's 1 Peter 2, verse 13 through 14. Now, obviously, this can be taken out of context.
00:03:41.680It can be twisted, and it can be used as a tyrannical club, as it was in 2020 by many
00:03:46.680evangelical leaders. That is not what I'm saying. But authority, even civil authority,
00:03:52.620when behaving properly, when executing righteous commands, when in line with the immutable standard
00:04:00.740of God's holy universal law, civil authority should be submitted to. When civil authority
00:04:08.080is righteous, when what they say is righteous, when their commands are righteous. And so we see
00:04:14.200from the very outset of our text today that Joshua is not a lone leader. He is the highest and
00:04:20.880supreme human official in the government of Israel at this time. But he is not a leader,
00:04:28.460a civil magistrate alone. He has officers. The first thing that he does when he assumes his
00:04:35.680position as Moses' successor is he calls other leaders to him, lesser magistrates, those who
00:04:42.660are not his peers, but also are not peers with the people. They are intermediators. They are
00:04:49.200in between. They hold some position of civil authority in the government of Israel, and Joshua
00:04:55.680is dependent on them to go and issue his commands to the people. 1st Timothy chapter 3 verse 1
00:05:04.720speaks about the office of an elder in an ecclesiastical government. We have three primary
00:05:11.620governments established by God, that is the family, the church, and the state. All three are governments.
00:05:18.040It's helpful to speak of government, civil government, by using that descriptor term, civil government, or the state, and not just calling it government, because it is not the only government.
00:05:32.540The family is a government. The church is a government. And the civil government, or the state, is also a government.
00:05:39.320We do not have merely one government in human society today, but we have three autonomous, independent spheres of government.
00:05:49.520Not a hierarchy. It is not the state, the church, and then the home.
00:05:54.640But these three independent, autonomous spheres, all governmental, all forms of government, are parallel side by side.
00:06:02.980Depending on providence and circumstances, there are times where two or three of these fears may
00:06:10.300overlap, and it requires the scripture and prudence to determine who has proper jurisdiction.
00:06:17.480There may be a similar vested interest where the church cares because it pertains to spiritual
00:06:24.480matters, and yet in the present situation, there are also physical matters of welfare that are also
00:06:31.260to be concerned about. And so it involves familial fathers in the home. To them has been given
00:06:38.560primarily the duty of physical welfare, caring for children and wives. So these fears will overlap
00:06:46.640at times, but they are autonomous. They are autonomous and they are parallel side by side.
00:06:53.520They are not a hierarchy. The state civil government is not supreme. And the government
00:06:59.680that we have here in the United States of America, our highest official is not a human. It is a
00:07:06.500document by design, and it is not a living document that changes or that the interpretation
00:07:13.360changes. It is a document that is very clear, and it is a document that ultimately comes from the
00:07:20.780principles of scripture itself. So we don't have the president as supreme. We have the constitution
00:07:27.040as supreme. And even beyond that, most importantly, we have the Bible. The Bible is the highest rule
00:07:34.960of law in all the land, in all the land. It doesn't matter what form of government it is.
00:07:41.220It doesn't matter what their constitution says. It doesn't matter if it's a monarchy or a republic.
00:07:47.700The Bible is the supreme authority. Now, in the ecclesiastical sphere of government, the church,
00:08:24.020but he who desires to be a civil officer in the state, the sphere of the state, also desires a noble task.
00:08:33.940We are not Gnostics. We are not impotent pietists.
00:08:39.760We do not believe that the church is the only institution in this world that matters.
00:08:46.380We value because God values all of life, all of creation, every facet of society.
00:08:56.500Civil government and aspiring to positions of civil authority is a noble aspiration.
00:09:04.260Just as a man desires to be an elder in Christ's church, that is a noble ambition.
00:09:09.980so too a man who aspires to be a magistrate in the civil form of government and society today
00:09:17.720aspires to a noble thing. But if he is granted in God's providence that position, he must live
00:09:25.520in a noble way. He must execute his powers nobly. And all positions of authority, whether it be in
00:09:34.020the home as a father or as a husband who is head of his wife and head of the children,
00:09:39.260there is familial authority. A man who has authority in the home, or a man who has authority
00:09:44.880in the church, or a man who has authority in the state, one of the first things that he should
00:09:50.140thoroughly familiarize himself with is the limits of his authority, the jurisdiction of his
00:09:57.400authority. How much authority does he actually have? What is the extent of its reach? Where does
00:10:06.140his authority stop? What is he allowed to do? What must he do? And what must he not do? And so Joshua
00:10:16.280would not have gotten very far if he was the only civil leader in the government of Israel at this
00:10:22.180time. He is the highest leader, but even for Joshua, he is not above the law of God. The scripture is
00:10:30.880clear that even kings are underneath God's law. And Joshua, too, is underneath God's law. Notice
00:10:37.880that as we go through the text as a whole, Joshua appeals to a higher authority than himself.
00:10:44.340When he speaks, for example, to the Reubenites, the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh,
00:10:49.360he appeals to the law of Moses. He doesn't say, you can do this. Everybody else is going to do this,
00:10:57.000and you can do this other thing. And the reason why you can do this other thing is because
00:11:01.180I said so. That's not the basis of the appeal of his authority. Rather, he says, it is written.
00:11:09.760It is written. God has spoken. God spoke to Moses. And what God spoke underneath one administration
00:11:17.140still holds true under the next administration. You had one human civil authority, Moses. Now
00:11:26.480you have another. And I might have a different leadership style. I might have a different
00:11:32.020philosophy. But really, it's irrelevant at the end of the day, because ultimately, I'm just here to
00:11:39.680administer God's word. God's word. God said one thing to Moses, and that one thing he said to
00:11:47.400Moses still rings true underneath my leadership as well. So that's the way that authority works.
00:11:55.700So Joshua first, he calls the officers to himself.
00:11:59.100And this is the same principle, the same system of government that was ultimately established under Moses, the person that Joshua is succeeding.
00:12:09.940Moses, there was a time where he was handling every single individual isolated case or dispute in all of Israel.
00:12:18.900He would sit at the opening, the entrance to his tent all day long.
00:12:23.680And everyone who had a dispute, some kind of issue that they needed justice, they needed a
00:12:29.640mediation, they needed someone to render a righteous judgment, they would come and bring
00:12:36.780their dispute to Moses. And it was Moses' father-in-law, Jethro, who said, you can't do this.
00:12:43.880The people are too great, too great in number. There's too many of them. You need to establish
00:12:49.980lesser magistrates. You need leaders, men who are qualified to oversee tens, groups of ten,
00:12:57.500and hundreds, and thousands, and ten thousands. You need to delegate authority. And so we see
00:13:05.600the entrance of this principle of the lesser magistrate. And we see that principle,
00:13:10.680that system continued with Joshua. He doesn't just speak directly to the people. There are
00:13:16.220places and times where that occurs. But in this place, Joshua has just now assumed the successor
00:13:23.720role, replacing Moses. And the first thing that he does is he does not directly issue orders to all,
00:13:30.740but rather he delegates authority and commands to the lesser magistrate, his officers, and he assumes
00:13:37.860and trusts that they will then go to the people and that the people will obey and that they will
00:13:43.900get ready. Now, we're not going to go in length with the last few verses of our text, but I think
00:13:50.020it's worth mentioning just for, if nothing else, just for a good laugh. I love that the people say,
00:13:55.600just as we obeyed Moses in all things, so we will obey you. I'm sure Joshua got a good laugh out of
00:14:03.660that. Just as Israel obeyed Moses in all things, so too. The way, the same measure of obedience that
00:14:10.340you saw us display towards Moses, Joshua, you can count on that, right? He's just assumed the
00:14:16.160position of leadership. I'm sure he was like, oh no, oh no, oh no. Israel was not very obedient,
00:14:24.020but it does appear, at least in this instance, that Joshua could not necessarily count on the
00:14:30.080people. People tend to be fickle, but he could at least, or at least he assumes that he can count
00:14:36.660on his officers. The officers will be able to help shepherd and corral and influence and lead
00:14:43.780and guide the people. In the sphere of the church, this is why we don't just have one church. We have
00:14:50.860one church in the universal invisible sense, in the spiritual sense, but we have many in the visible
00:14:57.240church realm, in the practical sense, many local churches. This is why our church holds to a
00:15:02.680plurality of elders. Our church is only two years old, but Lord willing, as time goes on, we hope to
00:15:08.220see that we would have many elders and also many deacons, that we would be able to faithfully
00:15:14.140shepherd and guide and influence from the scripture, biblically, you, the congregation,
00:15:20.460not just one leader, but a supreme magistrate, which even in Joshua's day was not Joshua himself,
00:15:27.760but the law of Moses, God's law word. In our day, it is the word of God and the Constitution
00:15:33.480insofar as the Constitution mirrors the law of God, which I believe it does.
00:15:38.620Then beyond that, we do have hierarchy. We are not androgynous. We are not egalitarian.
00:15:45.460Another way of saying that is we are not Marxists. We are not socialist. We are not communist.
00:15:51.500We are Christians. And we live in a Christian nation. Currently, I believe in apostasy
00:15:57.000forsaking that, but still a Christian nation with Christian principles, which means we live in a
00:16:02.920nation that is hierarchical. And that is not a dirty word. Hierarchy is good. Why do we know
00:16:10.040that hierarchy is good? Because hierarchy is God's idea. God established hierarchy. There's hierarchy
00:16:16.320in a home with family. There's hierarchy in a church. And there is hierarchy in the state.
00:16:22.820And so the supreme law of any land is the law word of God.
00:16:27.080In our land, we are privileged that the most supreme under the word of God, supreme ruler
00:16:33.040that we have is not a human official that can err, but rather the constitution that