The Saad Truth with Dr. Saad - November 27, 2023


On Happiness and the Good Life - My Interview with Dr. Daniel Goodman (The Saad Truth with Dr. Saad_624)


Episode Stats


Length

30 minutes

Words per minute

158.64456

Word count

4,766

Sentence count

231

Harmful content

Misogyny

1

sentences flagged

Toxicity

2

sentences flagged

Hate speech

4

sentences flagged


Summary

Summaries generated with gmurro/bart-large-finetuned-filtered-spotify-podcast-summ .

In this episode of the podcast, we discuss the importance of happiness and the role it plays in our lives. In his new book, "Why Do We Need to Pursue Happiness?" Dr. Aaron Sorkin explains why it's important to have a healthy relationship with your spouse, family, friends, and work, and why we should all strive to be happy.

Transcript

Transcript generated with Whisper (turbo).
Misogyny classifications generated with MilaNLProc/bert-base-uncased-ear-misogyny .
Toxicity classifications generated with s-nlp/roberta_toxicity_classifier .
Hate speech classifications generated with facebook/roberta-hate-speech-dynabench-r4-target .
00:00:00.000 So let's, let's get into it then. Your book is a fascinating study in happiness and its place in
00:00:10.400 our lives. And this is a subject that I'm really interested in and some of my writing and my work
00:00:16.880 in religion and literature. And, you know, there are a lot of places that we could begin and go
00:00:23.760 into discussion, but I was interested in a stat of a survey that came out recently where
00:00:31.480 survey said that 69% of people in 42 countries stated that happiness is extremely important to
00:00:41.400 them. But it seems like there's been a lot of pushback in recent years against the idea that
00:00:48.380 we should view happiness as an important part of our lives. Different influencers have been talking
00:00:54.960 about how happiness is not really something that we should be pursuing, or, you know, we'd be better
00:01:02.940 off if we didn't make it such a goal in our lives. There are other people out there, influencers and
00:01:10.120 scholars alike have been talking about how maybe we should strive for other things except for
00:01:16.880 happiness. And do you, my question is, do you view yourself in your book as maybe part of a pushback
00:01:25.480 against this pushback, if you will? And if so, you know, why do you think it's important to,
00:01:33.780 to oppose this anti-happiness narrative? Well, yes, thank you for that question. It wasn't written as a,
00:01:42.360 I wasn't even aware of the original pushback in order to push back against that.
00:01:46.120 I think it's the people who say, oh, you know, you shouldn't pursue happiness, or there's, there's
00:01:53.560 a deleterious element to pursuing happiness, I think are missing a key element to happiness,
00:01:59.320 which is that you shouldn't be willfully pursuing happiness. So in the last chapter of my book,
00:02:05.520 I have a quote from Viktor Frankl, where he's basically saying, I'm paraphrasing his words,
00:02:10.920 I don't have the exact quote in front of me, but he's basically saying, as relating to success,
00:02:15.240 don't pursue success willfully success is something that comes as a result of you, you know, doing the
00:02:22.060 right things. Well, the exact same quote applies, simply replace the word success by the word happiness.
00:02:27.980 So I don't get up in the morning. My objective today is to be happy, but rather, if I have adopted a certain
00:02:39.140 set of mindsets, if I have implemented certain decisions that I know, statistically speaking,
00:02:46.080 are correlated with downstream effects of happiness, then I will wake up inherently happy. So, so I agree
00:02:53.460 that the willful pursuit of happiness is not going to make you happy. But let's take an example. If you
00:03:00.500 have made a good choice in terms of the spouse with whom you're going to share your life. And if you've
00:03:07.480 also made the right decision in terms of which job provides you with the greatest amount of possible,
00:03:14.620 you know, purpose and meaning, well, you're well on your way to cracking the code to happiness. Because if I
00:03:20.740 wake up in the morning next to the person in the bed with me, and that I really liked that person,
00:03:25.660 then I go off to a job that, you know, makes me rub my hands in existential glee. And then I return
00:03:31.480 at home to that bed next to that person that I liked in the morning when I left, well, I've pretty
00:03:36.300 much I'm happy throughout the day. So, so I again, but I didn't willfully set out to say, I need to be
00:03:43.720 happy. And therefore, let me do ABC. I, there's a, I live the life that was authentic to me, whereby the
00:03:51.300 choices that I made are congruent with my values. And then the result of that is that I'm content and
00:03:57.860 happy.
00:04:01.940 Yeah. And so maybe jumping off of that, you know,
00:04:07.600 there's so much discussion in, in our culture on happiness and how we should be pursuing or whether
00:04:15.580 we should be pursuing it. And I think you really, you've given a great modus operandi, if you will,
00:04:23.540 of how to go about maybe achieving it in our lives. And with all the discussion about it,
00:04:31.160 I wonder if you feel like we, we don't talk about it enough in our culture, or maybe we don't talk
00:04:40.940 about it in the right ways.
00:04:44.000 Right. So I, so I think in a sense that speaks very much off the first answer that I gave, which is,
00:04:49.620 it is wrong to talk about it as though you should pursue happiness. So that's kind of like,
00:04:56.080 I don't know if this is a perfect analogy, but if I, if I were to say to you,
00:05:02.000 you know, we've evolved a mechanism called kin altruism, which is where we're altruistic towards
00:05:10.180 our kin. Why would we have evolved that? Why would I jump into the river, risk my life to save three of
00:05:15.720 my children? Well, if you understand that evolution only cares about the propagation of your genes,
00:05:21.200 well, then it makes perfect evolutionary sense from a evolutionary calculus perspective that
00:05:25.960 even if I were to die when jumping in that river to save the three children, the three children on
00:05:31.540 average share 50% of their genes with me. Right. And therefore it makes, it makes adaptive sense that
00:05:37.780 I would engage in this behavior. Now, why am I giving this analogy? Because most people who
00:05:43.100 instinctively jump into the river to save their three children are not willfully aware of the
00:05:50.100 evolutionary calculus that I just told you, right? They didn't say, well, you know, if it was only one
00:05:55.200 child, I may not jump into the river because that's only 50% of their genes, right? It's, it's an
00:06:01.520 instinct that's built into us. And then the behavior manifests itself. And if the behavior is adaptive,
00:06:07.240 then it makes sense that evolution would select it. So in that sense, happiness is something similar.
00:06:12.720 It's not something that is necessarily within the purview of my conscience, conscious machination.
00:06:18.620 I don't get up and say, there are five things that I can do today to maximize my happiness.
00:06:24.860 But again, if I've lived an authentic life, if I've done enough introspection to say, what do I want
00:06:30.720 out of life? Well, I would love to be a parent. I would love to raise children. I would love to be
00:06:36.000 married to someone who respects me and who's my best friend. I would love to have a job that,
00:06:42.060 you know, every single day gives me great purpose and meaning. I try to do things in moderation.
00:06:47.400 So I have a chapter on everything in moderation, which Aristotle had talked about, Maimonides had
00:06:52.740 talked about, Buddha had talked about. And so I demonstrate that for most things in life, the edict
00:06:59.620 of all things in moderation is exactly correct. I also live life as though it's a playground.
00:07:05.900 I immerse myself in play, even when pursuing very serious things like science. And so there's a set of
00:07:11.800 these edicts, which if you apply, statistically speaking, it will increase your likelihood of
00:07:18.800 being happy. And that's statistically is really the important word here, because unlike many books in
00:07:24.900 the self-help market that guarantee you do ABC and you'll be happy, do ABC and you'll be a better
00:07:31.640 employee. I'm saying that life is a game of statistical probabilities, right? So if you don't
00:07:40.760 want to, if you want to reduce your chances of getting lung cancer, don't smoke, but people who
00:07:44.680 don't smoke also get lung cancer, but you certainly reduce your chances if you don't smoke. So by the
00:07:50.140 same token, all other things equal, if you pursue intellectual varieties, that's going to increase
00:07:56.940 your happiness. If you live life in such a way that you minimize the likelihood of future regret,
00:08:02.840 that's going to make you happy. If you choose the right spouse, that's going to make you happy. So
00:08:06.580 yes, we do speak about happiness the wrong way, only in the sense that we think that we should
00:08:12.320 have a general goal called happiness. No, happiness comes from living a good life.
00:08:17.500 Yeah, I, I certainly agree with that. My, my own approach to this is if you pursue the good,
00:08:26.780 you can get happiness as an ancillary benefit, you know, can't grab it directly.
00:08:33.080 Exactly right.
00:08:34.220 Yeah. I was really interested in some of the figures you mentioned who've written about
00:08:38.560 happiness and that you've now written about them. Do you view your approach to happiness as
00:08:45.560 maybe influenced by any of them in particular? And I missed the first part in terms of what the
00:08:53.260 ancient wisdoms? What did you? Yeah, the, the ancient writers and sages, Aristotle,
00:09:00.020 and more recently, Viktor Frankl. Do you view your approach to happiness as influenced particularly by
00:09:10.680 any one of them? I mean, I could point to a singular one, although I think it's more a,
00:09:17.380 a school of philosophy that is more like, so I do think that there's a lot of value in the Stoics.
00:09:25.640 Not all of it though. So for example, so this, the Stoics were very good at being the precursor to
00:09:32.700 cognitive behavior therapy, right? Cognitive behavior therapy is the idea that oftentimes we suffer from
00:09:38.680 psychic maladies because our cognitions about something is wrong. And if I can now change
00:09:45.480 the cognition towards that something, then there will be better behaviors and hence CBT is cognitive
00:09:51.300 behavior therapy. So the way that you view something is often what causes the harm more than
00:09:57.280 the thing itself. Well, that's exactly one of the fundamental tenets of Stoicism from 2000 years ago,
00:10:04.580 where, I mean, I'm paraphrasing the exact tenet, but it basically says it's oftentimes not the event
00:10:11.260 that is the most painful, but the manner by which we react to the event. Now that is within my control.
00:10:18.080 The event happening is not within my control. How I choose to respond to that. And so I take great
00:10:25.480 solace in that because we know from contemporary clinical psychology that CBT is one of the most powerful,
00:10:33.380 effective tools to combat all sorts of mental ailments. And so I would say that the Stoic
00:10:38.660 philosophy is certainly one that is worth exploring if you're interested in happiness.
00:10:45.060 If I talk about a singular person, then probably Aristotle, well, first of all, because he's written
00:10:51.820 some incredible stuff on that. You know, a good friend of mine who's a fellow Lebanese author,
00:10:57.860 his name is Nassim Talib, used to, you know, kind of tease me many years ago. And he'd say,
00:11:05.280 you know, God, I don't know what you guys study in psychology, because everything that there is to
00:11:10.220 understand about human nature, the ancient Greeks have already told us what it is. And I mean,
00:11:15.180 I understood he was kind of ribbing me. But as I was doing a deep dive, in terms of the research for
00:11:22.000 this book, I started thinking, you know what, I think that maybe Nassim was onto something because
00:11:26.320 every time I would get an insight that I thought was unique and brilliant on my part, because I came
00:11:33.200 up with it, well, here comes Epictetus. He's already said it 2000 years ago. And here comes Aristotle,
00:11:38.380 and he beat me to it by a couple of millennia. So that was quite a humbling experience, because you
00:11:43.700 really do realize that while many philosophical traditions are very rich and varied, there really
00:11:52.680 was something in that Greek water that made those ancient Greeks, and in some cases, Romans,
00:11:58.560 quite unbelievably adept at understanding human nature. Oh, for sure. Do you know the South Park
00:12:08.980 episode, The Simpsons Already Did It? I don't think that's the title of the-
00:12:13.160 I don't.
00:12:14.180 But you know South Park, right?
00:12:17.320 I do know what it is, but I've never watched it.
00:12:20.640 Oh, it's such a great, wonderful show. The humor is so sharp, and the satire, and they did
00:12:29.480 one episode where the boys are playing, and they're trying to come up with wild schemes and plots,
00:12:37.800 and like, oh, I'm gonna go fly out the sun and take a big thing, shield the town from the sun,
00:12:44.900 and the other one says, oh, they already did that in the Simpsons episode. And they said,
00:12:50.320 no, I'm gonna go and chop off the head of the statue of the town pioneer, and I'll create chaos that 0.83
00:12:58.840 way. Oh, the Simpsons already did it. And every time they try to come up with some wild and scheming 0.56
00:13:06.640 plot, they discover that. It was already done in the Simpsons episode.
00:13:10.440 So I'm South Park, and the Simpsons are the ancient Greeks. 0.60
00:13:14.520 Oh, well, yeah, the Greeks. So I'm working on this book now, on the Divine Comedy, on Dante's
00:13:22.900 Divine Comedy. And so there's this one section that I have titled, The Greeks Already Did It, 0.97
00:13:30.340 because every time Dante tries to create this fantastical situation, he's almost inevitably
00:13:40.100 drawing on something out of Greek mythology. It's so hard for him to seemingly to create something
00:13:47.920 original. And so I titled the chapter, Greeks Already Did It, like Simpsons Already Did It.
00:13:54.940 It's just amazing, their precedents, and whether it's philosophy or mythology and the stories.
00:14:04.100 But yeah, getting back to the Greeks, it's really, really interesting to me that you mentioned the
00:14:10.940 Stoics as a school of thought for an influence for a source of happiness, because I think maybe
00:14:18.180 many of us today, those of us who are familiar with Greek schools of thought, if we're thinking
00:14:26.100 about happiness, we would think maybe more of the Epicureans than Stoics in terms of happiness.
00:14:33.200 But to use a Stoic as a model for happiness, I think, is really quite an interesting approach.
00:14:39.520 Thank you.
00:14:40.020 Yeah. So what about for people who do believe that happiness is important, not the school of thought
00:14:53.940 today who are pushing back against the happiness narrative, but for those that say, no, happiness
00:15:01.800 is important and maybe we should even be striving for it. But there's still a debate of where exactly
00:15:10.460 in our lives we should be pursuing it, what arenas we can expect to get happiness. And it seems to me
00:15:19.040 that this often comes up, or one of the most contentious areas this comes up in, is the issue of work
00:15:25.540 and whether we should be looking for happiness in work and saying, okay, I'm only going to view work
00:15:34.300 as a means to an end, and I'm going to look for happiness elsewhere. Or should we be actually
00:15:41.580 expecting that our work, our careers, our jobs could make us happy?
00:15:47.480 Right. So in an ideal world, yes, I think that we can obtain happiness through our chosen job
00:15:58.520 or profession. Now, and I will in a second explain what happens if we can't get that at work. But for
00:16:06.060 now, if I'm going to describe what are the key metrics that I should aspire to attain in an ideal
00:16:14.240 job, I talk about two key metrics, metric one, or pursuit one, any job that allows you to instantiate
00:16:24.120 your creative impulse, all other things equal is a direct pathway to purpose and meaning because the
00:16:30.160 act of creation, immersing yourself in creativity is by definition, something that's going to give me
00:16:35.440 purpose and meaning. Now that can cover a very large panoply of professions. I could be a standup
00:16:41.460 comic, I could be a chef, I could be an architect, I could be an author and professor, I could be a
00:16:46.620 podcaster, each of these people are immersed in completely different domains. But they share one
00:16:52.180 thing in common, they are creating something a new that heretofore didn't exist until I came along
00:16:57.840 and created the standup routine to make the people laugh tonight, created the dish that's going to make
00:17:03.900 a great culinary experience, created the bridge, created the book, created the podcast that we're doing
00:17:09.440 right now. So the act of creation is akin to a mystical process. There's something that is so
00:17:16.740 beautiful. When I open my laptop, the first time I open it to start that, I open the word document and
00:17:24.820 I'm about to strike that first letter of the new book. And then through this incredible process where
00:17:32.980 these neuronal firings happen in my brain translating into my fingers. And then 12 months later, 14 months
00:17:40.120 later, I send that book to the publisher. And then a year after that, people send me selfies of my book
00:17:47.420 with them sitting on a beach somewhere. What could be more purpose and meaning than that, right?
00:17:54.400 I have shared something from the deep recesses of my mind that now someone else is choosing to spend
00:18:02.580 their time consuming. That person at the beach can choose 1 million things to do. And somehow for that
00:18:09.640 small moment, I won their attention. That's very humbling. That's very beautiful. And the same thing
00:18:14.920 applies if I were a standup comic or whatever other one of those creative professions. So number one,
00:18:21.540 if possible, if you do something with creativity, that's going to give you purpose and meaning.
00:18:26.720 Second one, maybe a bit more earthly and less philosophical, anything that grants you temporal
00:18:34.520 freedom in your day-to-day is going to make you happy. So contrast, so I work very, very hard. I work
00:18:43.040 very long days, but I'm a vagabond, right? Right now I'm talking to you and we're having a fun
00:18:50.680 conversation. Then I'll go off to the cafe for two hours, start thinking about my next book prospectus.
00:18:55.800 Then I'll go and, you know, in French, you say flanay, like vagabond. I'm just kind of floating
00:19:01.220 around. I'm always working, but I don't have what I call scheduling asphyxia. Whereas contrast that
00:19:08.940 to the factory worker who doesn't even have the dignity to decide when they can relieve themselves
00:19:16.340 by going to the bathroom at 10, 15, there is a union mandated break where you can get a bathroom
00:19:21.800 break. And at 12, you get to eat for 25 minutes. And so that temporal freedom. So the fact that I can
00:19:28.560 kind of go off and create, and I can do so at my pace. Now that doesn't mean that I don't have
00:19:33.860 specific meetings to go to, but generally speaking, I can float around. That gives me great happiness.
00:19:40.660 Now, what about the person who doesn't have the luxury to be able to do that? They have two
00:19:47.460 children that they didn't expect to have this early in their lives. They have to put food on the table
00:19:52.340 and they become a bus driver. Well, any honest job is dignified, but then in this case, you may not be
00:19:58.620 able to instantiate what I'm saying within your job. How about after you finish your job, you've always
00:20:04.680 wanted to do glassblowing as an art form. Why don't you, instead of watching TV for four hours,
00:20:09.600 sign up at the local high school where they have an adult learning center, glassblowing and ceramics
00:20:16.740 and do it then. So there's still a way for me to instantiate my creative impulse, ideally at my job,
00:20:23.080 but even if not at my job, I could do it elsewhere. And if I could just add one more thing to my long
00:20:27.380 winded answer, even if you're a bus driver, there are ways that you can approach your job that comes
00:20:35.580 closer to the ideal that I'm proposing or not. So example, I have been on a bus ride where,
00:20:42.720 because I'm someone who has a very open spirit and I'm always looking to chat with random people
00:20:48.440 about all sorts of interesting things, the serendipity of meeting strangers, the magic of
00:20:53.780 that. I remember, I think I was returning either from New York or from Albany back to Ithaca.
00:20:59.540 I did my PhD at Cornell University, which is in Ithaca, New York. And on that bus ride back, it was
00:21:05.680 like a couple of hours long. I struck up this incredible conversation with the bus driver and it was a
00:21:11.480 very intimate conversation. As I was leaving the bus, a lady came up and she said, I just want to thank
00:21:15.520 you. I said, thank me for what? Like I hadn't even spoken. She goes, well, I was, I couldn't help but
00:21:19.220 overhearing you and the bus driver chatting. It was a beautiful conversation. Well, that bus driver
00:21:24.460 created the opportunity, talking about create creation, created an opportunity. He was open
00:21:31.060 to the world, that he was open to having an exchange with a random stranger. Now contrast that
00:21:35.540 to another bus driver who views his job as I take people from A to B, otherwise I'm completely closed
00:21:41.420 off. Both of these people are bus drivers. One of them creates much more opportunities for communal
00:21:47.600 bonding and so on. So I would say that those are the two fundamental markers that lead to occupational
00:21:52.880 happiness. Yeah, wonderful answer. There are so many different aspects of that I would want to go
00:22:00.860 into. One of them that jumped out to me, one aspect that you brought up was finding the elements of
00:22:09.460 happiness in your scheduling of how you work and the kind of freedom that you have maybe within those
00:22:18.340 spaces. And I really resonated with that part because, you know, as also someone in a similar space and
00:22:28.200 in academia, and also as a writer, I don't have that kind of nine to five schedule or a factory worker
00:22:36.080 schedule. And so there's that blessing you could say, but also a curse. Some also might describe the
00:22:46.260 aspect of where you're always working because, you know, you're never free from that. You're always
00:22:54.620 thinking about ideas and you're writing and, you know, you may not even have a set office, but your
00:23:01.660 office is everywhere because your ideas are... Your office is here. Yes, exactly. So as soon as you get up,
00:23:09.520 you know, from the moment you get up and then from the moment before you hit the pillow at night,
00:23:15.300 it can always be work. But then it's finding the freedom within that perpetual work to
00:23:22.300 be experiencing the happiness. Exactly.
00:23:28.160 The Seinfeld once described that. I heard him on an interview. He said, you know, someone once asked him
00:23:35.920 about that because he said, you know, he's always working too because the ideas for his jokes are
00:23:40.540 always coming to him and he's always trying to refine them. And they asked him, isn't that a
00:23:46.360 kind of torture? Like you can never be free from work? And he said, well, the optimal kind of work
00:23:52.320 that you want to find is the right torture for you. Exactly. But that's, but maybe from your
00:24:00.140 perspective, you're trying to shift the paradigm of that instead of looking at it as torture,
00:24:04.760 looking at it as this kind of happiness because you found that right form of, if you want to call
00:24:11.540 torture or burden or whatever it is. I actually call it, I mean, not to kind of use an ephemeral
00:24:18.820 term, but I find that it's a form of intellectual hedonism. I mean, I operate in the greatest pleasure
00:24:25.200 seeking ecosystems, which is the world of ideas. Nothing could be more pleasurable than that. So even if
00:24:32.660 we use kind of the regular colloquialism of, you know, Epicurean pursuits, well, yes, I mean, juicy
00:24:38.600 burgers are great, but juicy ideas. Now that's really what titillates me. And so no, to me, it's, I mean,
00:24:45.320 I understand that there's the burden of always having the hyperactivation of your thinking, but if I'm
00:24:50.600 thinking about important things, if I'm not thinking about the mundane administrative things of being a
00:24:55.460 professor, that is asphyxiating, but the, the creative stuff, you know, what, what should I think
00:25:01.940 about my next book? What would be the narrative of my next book? I could spend 10 days without sleeping
00:25:06.380 thinking about that. I love that stuff. I, I, I get high on it.
00:25:12.020 Yeah, me too. That's, um, and maybe that's where you can bring in Epicureanism as a way to enjoy what
00:25:20.240 you're doing. Exactly. Yeah, no, I agree. Yeah. So I only have five more minutes, um, on my end.
00:25:30.920 So I can maybe conclude with one more question. I'm really interested in the connection between
00:25:39.660 religion and happiness as someone who works in the area of religious studies, uh, Jewish thought. And,
00:25:46.940 and, and you mentioned, uh, in your book, uh, you talk about the, the links between religion and
00:25:52.320 happiness. And, um, um, I'm curious if you think that, uh, people who are, are tone deaf to religion as
00:26:02.540 the philosopher Isaiah Berlin once described himself, if they have a lesser chance of being happy than
00:26:09.020 those who have faith, because, uh, as you discussed there, there is this link between religion and
00:26:14.780 happiness. So is, is religion just, uh, one more means of obtaining happiness and how do people who
00:26:21.680 don't have this religious sensibility, how might they be able to, to access the kind of happiness
00:26:28.440 that religious people can experience? Yeah, that, that, that's a great question. And I actually 0.65
00:26:32.800 exactly addressed that because I didn't want the people who were irreligious to walk away thinking,
00:26:37.940 well, they're, they're now doomed as they have fewer, you know, pathways to happiness. So you're
00:26:43.920 exactly right. There is a moderate positive correlation between religiosity and happiness.
00:26:49.540 The more religious I am, the happier I am. But I actually argue that there are very earthly reasons
00:26:55.300 for why that link might exist to the extent that religion provides me greater communality,
00:27:03.380 greater cohesion within group members. It offers me some form of purpose and meaning. Uh, it allows me
00:27:11.680 to have greater bonds of reciprocity within group members. Those are all very earthly human needs.
00:27:18.580 And then religion is simply instantiating those human needs. It's, it's offering a vehicle for those
00:27:23.400 human needs. Then it makes perfect sense for, for the research to have found that there is a positive
00:27:28.380 correlation between religiosity and happiness. But then right after that, exactly to your question,
00:27:33.680 I say, but wait a second, what if you're not religious? Well, then there, I argue that there are still 0.62
00:27:38.360 ways by which I can go out and grab the awe-inspiring spiritual experiences that cause life to be
00:27:46.200 magisterial. So to, to my earlier point about striking up a conversation with a random stranger,
00:27:52.420 that moment where two people who until that moment did not know each other could immerse themselves in a
00:27:59.380 intellectual tango for the next 30 minutes and both walk away feeling enriched. That was a spiritual
00:28:04.500 experience. Uh, uh, you know, looking at how my children are growing and developing into young
00:28:11.360 teenagers, uh, you know, who have moral code, who have interesting ideas to discuss with me,
00:28:18.340 that is a spiritual experience. So, so there are many, so there are many ways by which I can tickle my
00:28:24.580 spiritual itch. One way is through immersing myself in, in my faith, but there are many,
00:28:32.040 many other ways by which I can also achieve that goal. Uh, I argue that there are, in addition to
00:28:38.540 the religious pathway, there are two other ways by which we can all be immortal. So even if I don't
00:28:44.380 believe in religion, I can still aspire to be immortal. It's either through genetic propagation.
00:28:49.900 I mean, literally having children causes me to be immortal. I, I, I, you know, my children are a
00:28:56.120 vehicle of my immortality. I know it doesn't sound romantic, but that's literally true. The other way by
00:29:01.140 which I can be immortal is through mimetic immortality. If, if I write a book that is going
00:29:06.780 to be read for many years to come, therefore that legacy causes my ideas to be immortalized in a
00:29:14.380 library, in other people's minds and so on. So there are many ways by which I can itch that religious
00:29:20.360 itch or scratch that religious itch, either by reading some Jewish or Christian or Islamic texts or
00:29:29.400 whichever your religion, or simply by appreciating the majesty of life.
00:29:35.040 Well, that's a really beautiful answer and a wonderful way to conclude this discussion.
00:29:42.040 Thank you so much, Dr. Saad, for your time and your graciousness. The book is The Sad Truth
00:29:49.900 About Happiness available now from Recknery and I, I highly recommend it to all readers out there.
00:30:00.180 Thanks so much.
00:30:01.580 Thank you, Dr. Goodman. Cheers.