Former CIA officer Felix Rodriguez has led a fascinating life. He was involved in the Bay of Pigs Invasion and was one of the last men to speak to Che Guevara before his execution.
The last picture of Che Guevara alive was taken in Bolivia in 1967. Felix Rodriguez, a longtime CIA officer in the Operations Directorate, joins us to explain this picture and to tell us about his life as a spy for the CIA in the late 1960s and early 1970s. This episode is brought to you by Assassinations, a Parcast Original. Assassinations: The Assassinations of Fidel Castro, John McCain, and others. Hosted by Alex Blumberg and Ian McKellen. Produced by David Axelrod. Used w the permission of the Cuban government. If you or someone you know is in need of help, please contact the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline at 1-800-273-8255-5273. Don't forget to tell a friend or family member about this episode by using the hashtag on social media, and we'll send them a free copy of Assassinations. Thank you so much for all the support you all sent in! Remember to leave us your thoughts and stories, and remember to send us your stories and stories. We'll be looking out for the next episode on Assassinations! Subscribe to Assassinations with your favorite podcasting platform so we can spread the word about this important episode. Your stories will be heard by others! Your support is so appreciated! and we won't forget you'll be remembered! by the people who helped make this podcast possible. in the coming weeks. and will be remembered forever. Che's legacy will be spread around the world. by The CIA. . in this episode will be in the hearts of all over the world, everywhere and everywhere else. Thank you! Che, Che's memory by . Che's Story - The Man Who Couldn't Die Without You Will Not Die. - Thank You For This - by Someone Who Helper Me, Che Gave This Documentary Thank You, Che, My Brother, By Me, My Father, My Sister, My Mother, My Country, My Dad, My Mom, My Friend, My Grandmother, My Aunt, My Ancestor, My Lady, My Parents, My Uncle, My Girl, My Mama, My Best Friend, And My Brother & My Brother and My Brother's & My Sister And My Sister & My Aunt , My Brother
00:00:00.000This is the last photograph of Cuban revolutionary Che Guevara alive. It was taken in Bolivia in 1967. It's a very famous photograph, probably familiar to most people watching this.
00:00:22.280And this man standing right there is not familiar to most people watching this. He should be. He's about to be. His name is Felix Rodriguez. He's a longtime CIA officer in the operations directorate. And he joins us now to explain this picture and to tell us about his life. Mr. Rodriguez, thank you very much.
00:00:40.380So it's a remarkable picture. The longer I look at it, the more I think that. Can you tell us where this was and what was happening?
00:00:48.160Well, that was in Laigera, Bolivia. That's where he was captured. And I came in with the helicopter with the colonel in charge of the operation. And after a while, I got to talk to him.
00:01:00.800And I even thought about taking the picture. But while I was talking to him, the pilot of the helicopter came with a camera from the head of intelligence who wanted a picture with Che.
00:01:08.600So I asked him, Commander, do you mind? He said no. So we took him out of the schoolhouse and gave my camera to the pilot and he took that picture.
00:01:15.820So you talked to Guevara, of course. What were the circumstances? He'd been captured by Bolivian soldiers? Is that right?
00:01:24.700Yes. Yes. Actually, they thought that he had been killing Africa. But then when they captured Debray and Busto, who was a French intellectual and then a newspaper guy from Argentina, they confirmed that Che Guevara was there.
00:01:40.660So as long as they understood that he was there, they sent a special forces unit from Panama to train a special battalion to operate against him because the Bolivians didn't have any experience.
00:01:52.000And then they sent a couple of us from the CIA to provide them with intelligence. And the reason they sent us is because we were not U.S. citizens.
00:01:58.820At the time, Vietnam was taking place and there were people coming back and plastic back from Vietnam. And they didn't want any American coming back and plastic back from Latin America.
00:02:08.580At the time, we were not even residents. We were not citizens. So we didn't fall into the restriction of Ambassador Henderson. That's why we were able to go there.
00:02:18.120So you were working for the CIA full time, obviously, carrying a weapon, obviously, but not a U.S. citizen.
00:02:37.920After war, even though they were the one who sent him to be killed.
00:02:43.000Fidel could not stand him there because Fidel depended on the Soviet Union and Che Guevara was pro-Chinese.
00:02:48.340So when he was in Africa in 1965, 64, all the weapon he received was from Red China.
00:02:56.340And then he didn't want to go back to Cuba. He went to hire in the Czech Republic.
00:03:00.940And they had to send people to convince him to go back to Cuba and to give him an opportunity in another place.
00:03:05.460But when he was sent to Bolivia, it was definitely in mind for him to be killed because the Soviets didn't want him to be any successful because they knew that Che was pro-Chinese.
00:03:15.220And if he took a revolution in there, it would be toward the Chinese.
00:03:18.520And at the time, the Chinese and the Soviets hated each other very much.
00:03:21.880So when he was sent to Bolivia, his transmitter was not even working.
00:03:24.960In December of 66, when they had a dinner with Mario Monge, the head of the Communist Party of Bolivia, who had been with Fidel two months before, completed a complete progress.
00:03:34.480He told the Bolivian guerrillas that were with Che, if they stayed with Che, they were expelled from the Communist Party.
00:03:40.240And then they had an officer in intelligence that they had sent to La Paz, Renan Montero, to help him.
00:03:47.260And as soon as he was in with all 17 people, they took him out of the picture and told Che that they had to take him out because his visa had expired.
00:03:55.180And actually, he was a Bolivian citizen by then.
00:03:57.840So he was definitely sent there to be killed by Cuba because he could not succeed because it would be a revolution that would be pro-Chinese and Cuba dependent on the Soviet Union.
00:04:06.200So he's, he's obviously, he's a prisoner in this picture.
00:04:12.380Does he know when this was taken that he's about to die?
00:04:18.200So what happened in the moments after this picture?
00:04:21.960Well, in the sequence, first of all, when we arrived with the helicopter on the following day, which is the 9th of October and Monday, we came to the room with the officers and he would not talk to anybody.
00:04:33.320The coroner was trying to interrogate him. He looked at him. He didn't say any word.
00:04:37.180To the point, the guy said, look, you invaded my country. At least you can have the courtesy of answering me. He didn't say a word.
00:04:43.560So when we finished that, I came out. I asked for all his documentation to photograph it from my government.
00:04:48.960And the coroner ordered his bag to be given to me.
00:04:51.760He had some Chinese code books. He had some picture of his family, some medicament for his asthma inside.
00:04:57.660And he had a diary. It's a German book. It was written in Spanish. That's his diary.
00:07:36.740It was a very strange and unique moment in my life because we never ordered prisoners to be executed.
00:07:44.060At the time, I even thought about cutting the telephone line and telling the pilot that my government was able to convince them to bring Che alive.
00:07:50.680And I remember what happened when Batista released Fidel Castro and what happened to my country.
00:07:55.520So I told myself, look, this is not your word.
00:07:57.820You're here to advise, not to command.
00:10:06.280So we took the body, and we tied it at the right side of the helicopter.
00:10:10.220And what we're finishing to do, that I remember-
00:10:12.200You tied it to the struts of the helicopter?
00:10:14.100To the right pontoon of the helicopter, the right side.
00:10:18.180And I remember the pilot, and I had my name, it was Manton, and the Capitan moved forward to balance the helicopter.
00:10:24.020So I put my hand under him and pulled it out.
00:10:26.380And when he brought it out, it was completely covered with blood.
00:10:28.740Apparently, it was shot in the aorta, and since these plastic things didn't allow any water to go through, there was a big pool of blood in there.
00:10:43.800So I cleaned the blood in the right side of my pants, I came in, and then a soldier came and said, Mayor, Mayor, Father Schillers went to see him.
00:10:52.600So we stood with the helicopter running for maybe a couple of minutes, and there was a priest who came on a mule.
00:10:58.680He came around, he got down on the mule, and he gave him the last benediction, which I took a picture of it with a Minox camera that I had left.
00:11:06.960And I thought to myself, this guy was an atheist, he didn't believe in God, never did he receive the wrath of the ritual from the Catholic Church.
00:11:15.480And from there, we took off, and then we landed in Valle Grande.
00:11:18.260There were thousands of people waiting at the runway.
00:11:20.640There was like 15 different planes from the press, from the military, waiting for him to arrive.
00:11:27.760So I put my cap and run into the people, so my picture was never taken.
00:11:31.240And then he was taken into a schoolhouse, excuse me, into a hospital, Nuestro Señor de Malta.
00:11:38.320Then in the evening, there was a meeting, and the general was telling a colonel, if Fidel denies this is Che Guevara, we need tangible proof of it.
00:11:47.760Cut his head and put him from Malachi.
00:11:49.960So I said, my general, you cannot do that.
00:11:59.900I said, well, if you want some tangible proof of it, cut one finger, and we have the fingerprint from the Argentinian Federal Police, and it can be checked.
00:12:11.940So I left with all the documentation for Santa Cruz, and my other friend stayed in there, and then about 3 or 4 o'clock in the morning, when the press was gone, they took his body, they cut both hands, and put him from Malachi, and two other bodies, and they took it to the very end of the runway, and they buried him in there with two bodies.
00:12:28.420There was a bulldozer there who was making longer the runway, and he was buried right there.
00:12:35.160Now, later on, years later, when Fidel said he found the body on the side of the runway with seven other bodies, I can assure you that was not Che Guevara, because he wasn't buried there.
00:12:45.200Amazing. And so what did you do? It was 1967. It was back up really quickly. You were born in Cuba.
00:12:53.780How did, when did you come to the United States?
00:12:56.580Well, I came in 1954 for school. I came to Perky Home and Prep in Penswood, Pennsylvania. I spent six years in there, seventh and eighth grade in my high school, and I actually went off my last year to go to the first scene that was against Castro, was the Anti-Communist Legion of the Caribbean in the Dominican Republic.
00:13:13.800So I participated in that operation when I was 17, 18 years old, and I came back. And then after graduation, I was accepted at the University of Miami for civil engineering.
00:13:24.220But before I went there, I learned there was something going on in Latin America. Against Castro, I joined what later became the Bay of Pig Invasion. I was 19 years old at the time.
00:13:33.300What was your role in the Bay of Pigs Invasion?
00:13:36.540I was part of what they call the Special Forces or infiltration thing. So I was a group of about 36 people. We got into Cuba a month and a half before the invasion to work with the resistance.
00:13:47.920I came in clandestinely by boat. I started working inside the island, helping them with all kinds of equipment and trying to do an uprising in another area.
00:13:58.120But then actually the Bay of Pig surprised us, because they never told us anything. If they had been able to tell us that the invasion was coming, we had enough explosive to be able maybe to blow some bridges toward the Bay of Pig and delay the advancement of Castro's troops.
00:14:13.200But they never told anything. We learned through the Cuban radio. So at that time, I was lucky. I was able to make it through the Venezuelan embassy, where I spent five and a half months.
00:14:23.740In Havana. Then finally got safe conduct. Went back to Venezuela at the end of September.
00:14:29.860How did you get from the Bay of Pigs to Havana? That's a long way, isn't it?
00:14:33.400No, I wasn't in the Bay of Pigs. I landed near Havana a month and a half before the Bay of Pigs and worked with the resistance.
00:14:39.540We had a mechanism of the internal resistance to pick us up near the highway and then take off to safe houses in Havana.
00:14:46.560Then we started working with them in there during that time. So I wasn't at the Bay of Pigs at the time.
00:14:51.240And I was lucky because I didn't have any idea of any embassy in there, but the lady who was driving me around was close, connected to the Spanish embassy.
00:14:59.920And the Spaniard, Alejandro Vergara, who was in charge of, they called propaganda, actually was intelligence, came to pick her up because they were surrounding our building.
00:15:09.680Fidel very successfully, what he did, he surrounded every single block in Havana.
00:15:15.140And if you were a male or military Asian, you were not assigned to a military unit, even though you might have been even a communist, they would take you and put in custody.
00:15:23.800There were baseball field with 250,000 Cubans in there. Theater, the capacity for 5,000 people, 5,500.
00:15:32.220So they were able to disarticulate internal resistance that way. Even they picked up some of my friends that went in and then they released them because they had no idea who they were.
00:15:41.140But I was lucky to make it to the Venezuelan embassy and then back into Miami.
00:15:46.500Actually, I got to Miami on the very first of October of 1961. And then by the end of October, I was back inside Cuba, went back seven times because I was the only one who left the contact open after the failure of the Bay of Peaks to bring people and equipment in and for intelligence purpose.
00:16:05.980What kind of equipment were you bringing in?
00:16:08.200Oh, we were bringing explosives. We were bringing in M3 machine guns, all kind of hand grenades and all of those things that they were still bringing in to be able to support a future resistance.
00:16:19.860But then it didn't work out. Then I decided, actually, in 1962, I decided to marry my present wife of 62 years.
00:16:27.240I told her, I said, look, Rosa, I'm going to quit. I'm going to go into civilian life, but I want you to know if there is something serious about Cuba, I will go.
00:16:35.760So she made the mistake of agreeing to that because we got married on the 25th of August.
00:16:41.420I started working at a company for $1 an hour called Isolator Service Propaganda.
00:16:47.140Then I was improving tubing packaging company $1.35 an hour.
00:16:52.200So while I was working there, and remember, I got married 25th of August.
00:16:55.820In the month of October, I got a call from a CIA guy and said, look, I need to talk to you after you work at that company.
00:17:01.860So I went to see him at the parking lot of the Howard and Johnson across from the University of Miami.
00:17:07.440I sit in his car and I said, Felix, the Marines are going to land in Cuba and we need you.
00:17:12.200I look at him and say, Tom, if the Marines are going to land in Cuba, what the hell do you need me for?
00:17:17.520He said, well, you know how to operate a radio beacon.
00:17:20.020We like you to parachute behind a Soviet missile base in Santa Clara to set up a radio beacon so that our Air Force can hit with precision the airbase.
00:17:27.940At the time, we didn't have the GPS system that we have today.
00:17:32.620So they took me to a safe house and my basic training was romping from different altitudes and the three point of contact so I didn't break a leg.
00:18:06.180Oh, until 1976 when they retired me for security consideration.
00:18:10.280After Colonel Centeno Naya, who was his advisor, was assassinated in Paris.
00:18:15.720He was the Bolivian ambassador there and he was killed and they left a sign saying the Che Guevara commando.
00:18:21.540Then they also assassinated Major Quintanilla, who was the colonel then, Roberto Quintanilla in Hamburg, Germany, who was the consul general from Bolivia there, also left a sign saying Comando Che Guevara.
00:18:33.460And they called my home and say Felix Ramos, you're next.
00:18:36.260That's the name that I used in Bolivia.
00:19:11.440If I got killed related to my job, my family could not, you know, they could not sue them in any way or form because what they offer me that they consider I refused to.
00:19:20.260But then after that, I continued independently to do some things like I went into El Salvador, flying with El Salvadorian guerrillas as a volunteer with a concept that I developed in Vietnam where I spent two and a half years in Vietnam after Bolivia.
00:19:35.900And it was very effective in El Salvador when I was there.
00:19:39.460What were you doing in Vietnam as a CIA officer?
00:19:42.380Well, my responsibility was to stop the rocketing of Saigon and the rocketing of the boat coming into Saigon.
00:19:47.780We were advising a unit called the PRU, Provincial Reconnaissance Unit.
00:19:52.800It's a CIA unit who was managed, paid, and controlled by the CIA.
00:19:57.360And it was almost impossible to stop the rocketing of Saigon.
00:20:00.500And it did it for psychological reasons.
00:20:03.020Every week there would be one or two, one 22-point Soviet missiles going into the city at random.
00:20:10.060Normally they try to hit the presidential palace and the U.S. embassy, which they never did.
00:20:17.760It was impossible to locate these people until I was able to capture one who was the bodyguard of Tutank, the commander of that unit.
00:20:25.060And he told me that they were hiding in an area that we never thought of because there was the tide of the water would come up like 17 feet.
00:20:31.500And what they did, he told me, they had 55-lbs on drums.
00:20:34.620They soldered one on top of the other until they were sleeping there when the water went up.
00:20:38.580When the water went down, they run across the river.
00:20:40.640They fired the rocket into the area, and then they came back and hired again.
00:20:44.860Then I started looking at that area, which we never did before.
00:20:48.320And actually on the 4th of December of 1970, I was able to establish contact with the commander of the unit.
00:20:58.500And from there on, we continued the pressure, and there was not a single rocket firing to Saigon after that.
00:21:04.320And for that, I got equal to the Congressional Medal of Honor from the Vietnamese Armed Forces called the Cross of Gallantry with Gold Star.
00:21:13.080I got one of that, two silver stars and six bronze stars during the time that I was with them.
00:21:18.920And then I got the intelligence star for valor from the CIA because of the operation in Vietnam.
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