After the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11th, 2001, many wondered who was responsible for the 9/11 attacks and why the United States was not able to identify the masterminds behind the attacks.
00:03:21.020And the people who knocked these buildings down will hear all of us soon.
00:03:31.020Rather than get to the bottom of what actually happened, the Bush administration immediately exploited the crisis to push for what it really wanted, which was an invasion of Iraq.
00:03:43.360In his book, Against All Enemies, George W. Bush's counterterrorisms are Richard Clark said that when he went back to the White House immediately after 9-11,
00:03:51.260he, quote, expected to go back to a round of meetings examining what the next attacks would be, what our vulnerabilities were.
00:03:59.100Instead, he realized with what he called almost sharp physical pain that Rumsfeld and Wolfowitz were going to take advantage of the tragedy to promote their agenda about Iraq.
00:04:12.200On the afternoon of September 11th, Rumsfeld said his instinct was to hit Saddam Hussein at the same time, not only bin Laden.
00:04:20.260The day after the attack, Bush asked Clark to see if Saddam did this, see if he's involved in any way.
00:04:28.240And while meeting with the president on September 15th at Camp David, Wolfowitz argued that Iraq was ultimately the source of the terrorist problem and should therefore be attacked.
00:04:37.840We learned quite quickly that we were not going to get the answers that we really wanted with regard to the murder, the homicide of our 3,000 loved ones.
00:04:48.840My husband, Ron, was 39 when he was killed.
00:06:53.720And by May of 2002, more than two-thirds of Americans understood that it was a lie.
00:06:58.860They wanted an investigation into the so-called intelligence failures that led to the attack.
00:07:03.980The initial effort to investigate 9-11 was a joint congressional commission led by Senator Bob Graham,
00:07:09.220a Democrat of Florida, and Congressman Porter Goss, a former CIA officer who would later become the agency's director, appointed by Bush.
00:07:17.480These public hearings are part of our search for truth.
00:07:22.040Cheney did not want anyone looking into his failures that day, the administration's failures, and more than anything,
00:07:27.960I think he and the political strategist Karl Rove were very focused on the president's reputation, on ensuring that he would get re-elected.
00:07:36.720The lengths that the Bush administration went to kill the investigation into 9-11 are shocking.
00:07:43.060In the winter of 2002, Dick Cheney called the then-Senate Majority Leader, Tom Daschle of South Dakota, and made a threat.
00:07:50.240The Veep told Daschle the leaders of the war on terror would be too busy to get bogged down in preparing for and testifying in front of the committees.
00:07:57.660The strong implication of this, if you insist, will say you're interfering with the war effort.
00:08:26.440And in retaliation for this, for telling the truth, the Bush administration sicked the FBI, then run by Robert Mueller, on the committee.
00:08:35.340The FBI, you know, really came down hard on the joint inquiry.
00:08:40.200They polygraphed, they interviewed, they made all kinds of threats.
00:08:45.500And so, you know, when the FBI comes after you, it's kind of scary, because you're looking at not only, you know, potentially losing your position in Congress, but also imprisonment.
00:09:19.160They demanded an independent commission.
00:09:21.460George W. Bush's political enemies agreed.
00:09:23.980John McCain's revenge was an independent commission that would explore the truth about what happened on 9-11.
00:09:29.020I think it's legislation that calls for a blue ribbon commission to examine the facts surrounding September 11th.
00:09:35.720On November 27th, 2002, President Bush, fearing major political blowback if he vetoed the commission, signed the bill into law.
00:09:45.120But he managed to neuter the commission in the process.
00:09:48.400His allies in Congress gave the commission weak subpoena power and limited them to a strict 18-month timeline.
00:09:54.940They appropriated for the entire investigation just $3 million.
00:09:58.940By Washington standards, it was nothing.
00:10:01.020By comparison, Congress gave 13 times more funding to investigate the Monica Lewinsky scandal.
00:10:07.180It appropriated 11 times more funding for Robert Mueller's investigation into Russiagate.
00:10:12.080The administration and the Congress simply didn't want the public to know what happened on 9-11.
00:10:16.700But that wasn't the only thing they did to subvert the truth.
00:10:19.920The White House, one of the ways that they controlled the commission was they were going to choose the chairman.
00:10:25.380Their first choice was Henry Kissinger.
00:10:27.300Today, I'm pleased to announce my choice for commission chairman, Dr. Henry Kissinger.
00:10:33.080At the time, I was like 30 years old, so I had known Kissinger, but I didn't really, you know, as a stay-at-home suburban housewife,
00:10:40.420it's not like I, you know, had dived into all of Henry Kissinger's horrible acts and his status as a war criminal.
00:10:49.020Dr. Kissinger is one of our nation's most accomplished and respected public servants.
00:10:54.020Kissinger had served as national security advisor and then secretary of state under Richard Nixon.
00:11:00.100He pushed a massive expansion of the Vietnam War, including secret bombings in Cambodia and Laos.
00:11:05.740There are questions about his role in Vietnam, his role in the coup in Chile.
00:11:10.680When we first met him, he gave us this long talk about how honored it was,
00:11:14.040and it was like the, you know, opportunity, not the opportunity, but like a responsibility of a lifetime.
00:11:19.120It is a great honor to be appointed by the president to be chairman of the nonpartisan independent commission.
00:11:30.600In 2002, he was running a lucrative consulting business called Kissinger Associates.
00:11:35.540I really spent a bit of time researching him, predominantly his clients, and we had grave concerns that he was chosen by the vice president and the president and Karl Rove because he was really good at what he does.
00:11:51.040And so we were also concerned about his clients and that he had a huge conflict of interest.
00:11:56.140And so we were invited to meet with him at his offices on Park Avenue.
00:12:36.640Do you represent anyone in the bin Laden family?
00:12:38.760And, you know, at the time, it wasn't that much of an outrageous question because there were members of the bin Laden family who had relationships with, you know, the Bush family and others.
00:12:52.240And so it wasn't like it was an outrageous question.
00:12:56.840And he immediately got flustered and, you know, went to pick up a cup of a cup of tea or coffee and spilled it on the table.
00:13:06.620He feigned that it was his fake eye, which didn't know that he had a fake eye.
00:13:11.660And we immediately went to, like, clean it up like moms, you know, like, oh, it's OK.
00:13:16.160And then he just never answered the question.
00:13:18.400And then the very next day he resigned.
00:13:20.880Former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger stepped down from the position Friday.
00:13:25.100Scrambling to find a new chairman, Bush's top political advisor, Karl Rove, called former New Jersey Governor Tom Kane and offered him the job.
00:13:33.540Why was George W. Bush's political bag man making this phone call?
00:14:18.540On January 27, 2003, the commission issued a press release announcing they'd selected an academic called Philip Zellicoe to be the commission's executive director.
00:14:32.500I was responsible for the research for Zellicoe to make sure that he didn't have any conflicts of interest.
00:14:38.320He had a lot of conflicts of interest.
00:14:41.220The release describes Zellicoe as, quote, a man of high stature who had distinguished himself as an academician, a lawyer, author, and public servant.
00:14:49.200The release did not note that Zellicoe was an active Bush administration official.
00:14:54.280He served on a White House intelligence advisory panel.
00:14:57.360It also failed to note his extensive ties to Condoleezza Rice.
00:15:03.320He'd co-authored a book with Rice in 1995.
00:15:05.720In 2002, at Rice's behest, Zellicoe authored a policy paper championing preemptive invasions.
00:15:14.140And this cemented his role as a key architect of the disastrous invasion of Iraq.
00:15:19.620Zellicoe was the perfect person to keep the commission from finding the truth.
00:15:23.640I believe he was placed there to, again, play the gatekeeper, to ensure that the commission would not unearth the truth, and more than anything, to protect the Bush administration, and also lay the groundwork for the war in Iraq, in addition to other things.
00:15:41.200Zellicoe's first move was to pre-write the entire report before the facts were in.
00:15:46.060In March of 2003, before the investigation had even begun, Zellicoe had already prepared a detailed outline, complete with chapter headings, subheadings, and sub-subheadings.
00:15:56.980He kept all of this a secret from the rest of the staff.
00:15:59.620As it turned out, his outline is nearly verbatim to what the final book looks like.
00:16:04.900And so what I believe is that he just basically had the outline, knew that it was a quote-unquote safe outline.
00:16:11.660It was probably approved by the Bush administration.
00:16:13.620His second move was to consolidate his power.
00:16:16.980Zellicoe gave himself total control over the hiring process.
00:16:20.420He at first tried to block the staffers from communicating with the commissioners.
00:16:25.880In a now-public memo, Zellicoe cut off his staff's access to the commissioners.
00:16:31.260If you were contacted by a commissioner with questions, please contact Deputy Director Chris Kojum or me.
00:16:37.360Zellicoe restricted access to documents.
00:16:39.900He divided the staff into separate teams.
00:16:41.860He siloed them from each other, and he closely supervised Team 3.
00:16:45.680That was the group that dealt with classified information from the White House and the CIA.
00:16:49.640One of Zellicoe's first moves was a secret agreement with the Justice Department to block access to the files of the congressional inquiry until the White House had had a chance to review them first.
00:16:59.640Zellicoe was sort of limiting access to documents.
00:17:03.240When people were requesting specific things, Zellicoe would block it.
00:17:08.320Notably, the final report contains a full 61 references to finding no evidence of certain claims about 9-11.
00:17:16.060The cute way of explaining why Zellicoe uses that phrase is that if you don't look for the evidence, you don't find the evidence.
00:17:24.660And so you're not lying when you say we found no evidence.
00:17:27.460At one point, a staffer overheard Zellicoe pressuring a CIA employee to accept Condoleezza Rice's recollection of Intel briefings before the 9-11 attacks.
00:17:37.620Most damning of all, phone logs kept by Zellicoe's assistant show that he was regularly taking calls from both Condoleezza Rice and Karl Rove, George W. Bush's top political advisor in the White House.
00:17:49.940We reached out to Karl Rove for an explanation of this, and he denied having been in regular contact with Zellicoe.
00:18:10.820It wasn't even like he was on the National Security Council.
00:18:13.460He didn't really have any information that would be helpful to the commission.
00:18:17.360Why is the commission's staff director having communications with the White House's political strategist?
00:18:24.260From the outset, the commission started to advance the interests of Bush's neocon foreign policy agenda.
00:18:30.040When Team 3, the counterterrorism group, submitted their draft to Zellicoe, he inserted sentences that tried to link al-Qaeda to Iraq to suggest the terrorist network had repeatedly communicated with the government of Saddam Hussein in the years before 9-11.
00:18:43.860And that bin Laden had seriously weighed moving to Iraq.
00:18:47.540In the end, those sentences were removed after staffers alerted the commissioners.
00:18:51.400But the commissioners did not prevent Zellicoe from stacking public hearings with discredited neocons who towed the White House line about Iraq's connections to al-Qaeda, none of which were real.
00:19:01.820The first outside expert to testify to the commission was the Hoover Institute's Abraham Sofar.
00:19:07.120His written remarks, the commission, include eight references to Iraq and five references to Saddam Hussein.
00:19:13.520Keep in mind, this was a hearing on 9-11, which had nothing to do with Saddam Hussein or Iraq.
00:19:19.100Sofar spent most of his time at the public hearing talking about the need for preemptive invasions.
00:19:25.360The need for preemptive actions stems ultimately from the conditions of modern life.
00:19:30.380At the third hearing, Zellicoe produced a florid and widely discredited neocon called Lori Milroy from the American Enterprise Institute.
00:20:38.020To help us think about the structure of the terrorism, the, Dick Clark's operations, yes.
00:20:44.380Incredibly, the man in charge of the official story of 9-11, Philip Zellicoe, was the Bush administration advisor who decided to demote the White House's counterterrorisms, our Dick Clark, in the months before 9-11.
00:20:58.780Yet, somehow, these details, central though they are, were left out of the commission's final report.
00:21:06.220The 9-11 commission report was a cover-up from beginning to end.
00:21:20.720What isn't clear is why our government and subsequent governments, under subsequent presidents, would want to continue that lie and cover up what actually happened on 9-11.