00:00:00.000Hello and welcome to Trigonometry. I'm Francis Foster. I'm Constantin Kissin.
00:00:09.220And this is a show for you if you want honest conversations with fascinating people.
00:00:14.280Our brilliant guest today is an evolutionary psychologist. He's an author,
00:00:18.560YouTuber, and many other things. Gadside, they call you the Godfather. Welcome to Trigonometry.
00:00:23.340Oh, so nice to be with you guys. I heard a lot about your show, so thank you for inviting me.
00:00:27.100It's fantastic to have you on. Most of our fans will know exactly who you are. But for anyone who doesn't, just give us a little insight into who are you, how are you, where you are, and what has been your journey through life that leads you inexorably here?
00:00:40.400So I was born in Beirut, Lebanon, grew up there till the age of 11.
00:00:46.800We were part of the last group of remaining Jews in Lebanon.
00:00:51.880At one point, there was a larger community of Lebanese Jews.
00:00:55.340I mean, still a very small community, but larger than when we were there.
00:00:58.720And through the 20th century, there would be sort of various exoduses of Jews because
00:01:04.960it would become more precarious to be Jewish in Arab lands.
00:01:08.860But we hung in there until 1975 when the civil war broke out. It was a very, very brutal civil war. All civil wars are judged against the standards of the Lebanese civil war. And there were many, many militia that were fighting. The problem for Jews is that they didn't have too many friends.
00:01:28.160there were some amongst the Christian militia that were warmer towards the Jews, but it became
00:01:34.760clear that we had to find a way to regrettably leave Lebanon. So I spent the last year of my
00:01:42.240life in Lebanon experiencing the brutality of the civil war, but luckily we all escaped.
00:01:47.160Came to Canada, grew up in Montreal from the age of 11, did my undergrad in mathematics and
00:01:54.080computer science at McGill University, also known as the Harvard of the North, and then did an MBA
00:02:00.800with a specialization in operations research, at least a mini-thesis in operations research,
00:02:06.340which is an applied mathematics field. Then I went on to Cornell, where I did a master's of
00:02:12.260science and a PhD. My PhD was in psychology of decision-making, really. I specifically looked at
00:02:19.040when is it that we've acquired enough information to make a choice so that this is called the
00:02:24.880stopping decision so for example if i'm choosing between two cars to purchase or two political
00:02:30.380candidates to choose from or two girls to marry when is it that i have acquired enough information
00:02:38.080to say okay i'm ready to stop acquiring information i'm ready to buy car a i'm ready to vote for
00:02:44.160candidate be. So contrary to classical economic theory, which argues that we should look at all
00:02:49.840of the available information before we make an optimal choice, we don't do that, right? There
00:02:55.240might be 100 attributes that we can look at, but we only look at 12 before we stop and make a
00:03:01.500decision. So I looked at the cognitive processes that drive that stopping decision. Then I obtained
00:03:07.860a professorship at Concordia University. Now, in my PhD, I had been bitten by the evolutionary
00:03:14.600bug, the evolutionary psychology bug, which at the time was a nascent discipline. I had read a book
00:03:21.000that had been assigned my first semester as a doctoral student by a professor named Dennis
00:03:26.360Regan, where he assigned a book called Homicide, written by two evolutionary psychologists,
00:03:31.460husband and wife team, where they looked at patterns of criminality from an evolutionary
00:03:35.380perspective. And I had my epiphany right there that I would be doing exactly the same thing,
00:03:40.640but instead of applying evolutionary psychology to study criminal behavior, I would use it to
00:03:45.220study consumer behavior. And so then I went on and had so far, I'd like to think, a successful
00:03:51.880career as an academic, as a scientist at the intersection of, as I said, evolutionary biology,
00:03:56.980evolutionary psychology, and consumer psychology. And then I increasingly became more engaged
00:04:02.880uh in the public sphere where at times i would be weighing in on scientific issues but more broadly
00:04:08.700i would weigh in on all kinds of nonsense uh that is that has infected uh the you know the academic
00:04:16.580world you became problematic gad is what is what happened you became toxic and problematic
00:04:21.300i and so to to use your the start of your podcast term trigger uh i'm basically the granddaddy of
00:11:47.440You know, it's amazing that you say this because that would be the naive, intuitive, optimistic hypothesis, which is with such a, you know, dreadful reality that we're all facing, it kind of washes out all the stupidity.
00:12:03.260The reality, though, is that an animal is most dangerous just before it is about to die.
00:12:08.660So as these ideas are dying, that's when a lot of these morons are doubling down, right?
00:12:13.700So now we have an investigation of how the coronavirus affects women more, even though men die more, right? So in the same way that Hillary Clinton said, well, the fact that it is always men who overwhelmingly die in war, that the real victims are the women that are left behind, right?
00:12:34.000So, we're seeing the transgender activists are linking coronavirus to transgenderism. The race peddlers are linking it to race issues. So, yes, I'd like to believe that what you're saying is true, but I think the animal is wounded. By animal, I mean the idiots who espouse these ideas. And so, I think there'll be a doubling down before we're eventually able to call out these ideas from our public consciousness.
00:13:01.080Yeah. And why are you so concerned? This is a question that interests us specifically, because, you know, I'm from Russia originally, as our fans will know, France's mother is from Venezuela. You escaped from Lebanon. A lot of the people who seem to be incapable of tolerating this stuff and just shutting up about it seem to be people who've come from a background where, you know, the freedoms and the prosperity that we enjoy in the West couldn't be taken for granted.
00:13:27.440do you think there is there is something that that of having an experience outside of the
00:13:33.460comfortable west that makes you more reluctant to just you know you have an accomplished career
00:13:38.020you could just be doing your studies and not getting involved in any of this do you think
00:13:41.560that's part of why you feel so strongly about it yeah no great question so here i'll turn back to
00:13:47.020evolutionary theory actually so any of us is a product an inextricable mix of our genes and
00:13:54.260our environment. So contrary to what a lot of folks say, the tractors of evolutionary psychology
00:13:59.220who argue that evolutionary psychologists don't think that the environment matters,
00:14:04.000nothing could be further from the truth. But so you and I are, as I said, an inextricable
00:14:10.120melange of our genes and environment. So to answer your question, I'll first address the genes part,
00:14:16.540then the environment part. The environment part meaning that you grew up in Russia and
00:14:20.200venezuela and lebanon the genes part is that the unique combination of genes that constitute the
00:14:27.600personhood that is gatsad is such for better or worse that i cannot tolerate bullshit i am
00:14:34.460physically ill by hypocrisy by intellectual dishonesty by intellectual arrogance that
00:14:43.620masquerade money that you this is called the dunn and kruger effect right i pretend i think that i
00:14:48.760know so much, but in reality, I'm only overconfident in my stupidity. So all of these
00:14:53.580things are really personally injurious to me so that when I go to bed at night, if I feel that
00:14:59.440I haven't done all that I could in whatever small or whatever big way that I can to contribute to
00:15:04.820eradicate the stupidity, then I feel that I have failed in my own personal conduct. So that's the
00:15:10.460individual element of why I do what I do to answer your question. But I exactly agree with you that
00:15:16.900we are also a product of our unique life trajectories. And so having grown up and
00:15:21.480actually chapter one of my forthcoming book is exactly answering your question, which is when
00:15:28.160you grow up in Lebanon, where you see what blind tribalism does, what you see, what identity
00:15:35.240politics does. But here identity politics is that when I stop you at a militia roadblock and you are
00:15:41.960of the wrong religion, we put a bullet through your head, right? We don't just e-mob you on
00:15:47.620Twitter, right? So when you see what lack of freedom is, what blind zealotry is, where a
00:15:53.520departure from reason is, then you come to the West and for many years you feel as though
00:15:59.520you're now going to be in a steady state of reason. And then suddenly you have a second
00:16:05.320war that starts. The first war I faced was in Lebanon. The second war is the war against reason
00:16:10.200in our universities, then I say, wait a second, I don't want to return to Lebanon. Now, that doesn't
00:16:14.920mean that tomorrow we will sink to Lebanon. But give it enough times, 10 years, 50 years, 100 years,
00:16:20.520500 years, if we are not committed to all of the things that made the West great, that allowed us
00:16:26.260to come to the West, then we will be the next Lebanon. And so I completely agree with you.
00:16:31.600My life trajectory makes me that much more committed to fight against that nonsense.
00:16:36.860And Gad, you say that we could end up like Lebanon.
00:16:41.360Why is it, why can't we just let people have bad ideas?
00:16:44.200Why do we have to consistently challenge them?
00:17:03.020So let's take the most extreme position that supports my position. I am Jewish, having escaped Lebanon as a Jew. So few people could have my Judaism as ingrained in my identity as I am, even though I'm, by the way, an atheist, but culturally and so on, I'm very, in my identity, I'm very Jewish.
00:17:23.240yet i support the right of holocaust deniers to appear on campus and say that the holocaust
00:17:30.260didn't happen so there couldn't be any more of a commitment to free speech absolutism than that
00:17:36.120example right there's nothing more grotesque there's nothing more of an affront to truth
00:17:40.380than to say the holocaust didn't happen or it wasn't six million jews it was six thousand jews
00:17:45.360right uh and yet i support their right so it's not that i don't support the right of people to
00:17:49.900have bad ideas. On the contrary, bring out your bad ideas and let me smash you as the apostle of
00:17:56.540truth into oblivion. We know you've been waiting and your full great outdoors comedy festival
00:18:02.180lineup is here on September 11th through 13th at Arendelle Park. Comedy superstars John Mulaney
00:18:08.880with Nick Kroll, Mike Berbiglia and Fred Armisen. Adam Ray is Dr. Phil Live with Miss Pat and TJ
00:18:42.680the reason you feel so strongly about it
00:18:45.100We now live in a society where if you are perceived to have the wrong ideas by the establishment, then you must not speak.
00:18:53.140You know, if you believe that there's male and female, you must not speak because that's transphobic or insulting to minorities.
00:18:59.880Well, exactly. I mean, listen, I appeared and some of you may know this or not, but I appeared in front of the Canadian Senate when Bill C-16 in Canada was being discussed.
00:19:10.700BLC-16 is the bill that incorporates gender identity and gender expression within the rubric of hate crimes.
00:19:18.600And of course, my position was not that transgender people should not be free of bigotry, right?
00:19:26.380I mean, of course I support that, right?
00:19:28.620But what I was saying is that in the service of trying to protect people from bigotry, we don't murder the truth, right?
00:19:37.340So the fact that in the 21st century, an evolutionary psychologist has to appear in front of the Canadian Senate and say, no, no, really, believe me, there is such a thing as male and female. No, no, there is this thing that Darwin talked about called sexual selection, which is one of the main drivers of how traits, morphological features and behaviors evolve.
00:19:57.220and he based it on the fact that, bruh, there is male and female, that shouldn't be something that
00:20:03.100I have to do in front of the Canadian Senate. But the reality is, because of the position I took
00:20:07.640there, which is literally laughably obvious, right, the average two-year-old knows that that's
00:20:12.600true. As a matter of fact, that's one of the first markers that you use to identify yourself, if not
00:20:17.260others, is your biological sex. The fact that I did that, I already saw how universities in
00:20:25.140general in some cases my own university started distancing themselves from me right so it's great
00:20:30.860that i have this huge platform and that millions of people know me but my god why must the jew be
00:20:37.620such a problematic guy right but the reality is that you know you give an inch to to these
00:20:44.800intellectual terrorists today tomorrow it's another inch the next day it's another interest
00:20:48.500Right. So when we are discussing things like whether there are two sexes and that's a viable conversation, we've already gone down the slippery slope pretty far.
00:20:59.080And so this is why I fight it. And the reality is that's that's my occupation, right, is to seek truth.
00:21:05.860So in the same way that when you see someone in an alley being mugged, you can be one of two people.
00:21:11.160You could either pretend that you didn't hear their screams and go about your way or you could jump in and try to intervene.
00:21:17.180well I am the cop of truth or one of many cops of truth if I pretend that I'm not hearing all
00:21:24.420of the killing of truth all around me then I'm not a very good cop of truth and how did we get
00:21:30.580into this mess because it just seems that it's beyond parody now like for instance in comedy
00:21:35.660like a good friend of ours and you probably know him as well Andrew Doyle said that at one point
00:21:41.400talking about men and women in comedy was the hackiest subject in the world people would roll
00:21:46.260their eyes boring. Now you do it, you can feel the tension in the room. Where is he going to go with
00:21:51.360this? Why have we come and why have we arrived at this absolute nonsense? Yeah. But by the way,
00:21:58.300Andrew Doyle has been on my show. Great guy. So yeah. So we'll say hello. We'll say hello.
00:22:03.520Please do. Look, I think it's a combination of many things, but it goes back to what I talked
00:22:08.280about earlier that in my book, I try to identify where the virus set of viruses or idea pathogens
00:22:14.860began at the university. It's a really, it's a confluence of several ideas that each of which
00:22:22.340tried to remove reality. They wanted to be unshackled by reality, right? So I don't want
00:22:28.880to have this thing called male or female tied to me. Wouldn't it be better if I could simply add
00:22:35.240the prefix trans and suddenly I could become anything? I don't like the idea of being a
00:22:40.800Lebanese Jew with olive skin? Can't I just put transracial and I could become a black man or an
00:22:47.500Asian man because I self-identify? I don't like this thing called scientific truth. Can't I develop
00:22:53.600a field called postmodernism whereby there is no objective truth? Rather, all that matters is
00:22:58.740my truth. So one of the things that I talk about in the book is that all of these idea pathogens
00:23:03.540share an equal commitment to being unburdened by the shackles of reality, right? They do it using
00:23:11.500different strains of viruses, but they're all committed to being freed, right? For example,
00:23:17.460social constructivism, the idea that we are all born with empty brains, right? Tabula rasa,
00:23:23.620and we have equal potentiality is a very freeing idea, right? So you mean I could have been the
00:23:29.580next Michael Jordan if it weren't only because mommy didn't hug me enough? You mean there isn't
00:23:34.440some innate biological reason why Michael Jordan at six foot six and a vertical leap of 48 inches
00:23:41.260might have had a better start to his trajectory in the NBA? Well, that feels a lot more freeing
00:23:47.640to me to know that my son could be the next Michael Jordan or the next Lionel Messi or the
00:23:52.500next Einstein. I don't want to be tied down by this racist thing called reality. So you take
00:23:58.760all of these confluence of idea pathogens that tries to free us from reality and 40 years later
00:24:05.940you end up exactly where we are and since you're using the metaphor of a virus gad let me run with
00:24:11.960it a little bit more and i asked this question of david starkey who we had on our show uh well
00:24:16.320it feels like about three years ago but it was just before the lockdown came in um so for a virus to
00:24:22.260be effective in infecting people yes you need a virus and you talk passionately and eloquently
00:24:28.040about how that virus was created, but what you also need is an organism that is susceptible
00:24:33.520and vulnerable to the virus. So what is it about Western society at this point in time and perhaps
00:24:40.780over the last couple of decades that we have been so utterly open to this infection? So I think
00:24:47.760depending on which idea pathogen you're speaking of will necessitate a different answer, but let's
00:24:54.660take, for example, the cultural relativism idea. Who are we to judge the cutting off of clitorises
00:25:01.300of little girls, right? It's racist to us to do that. It's phobic, right? Well, that comes from
00:25:08.080a ethos of self-flagellation, right? And I actually talk about this in the book,
00:25:15.900that it's in many religious rituals, right? For example, in Shia Islam, in some Catholic
00:25:24.340strains or catholic sex you had a tradition of self-flagellation right if you if you remember
00:25:31.020the uh the name of the rose the the famous uh movie well originally book but then a movie with
00:25:36.820sean connery there's a famous scene where one of the monks is self-flagellating because through
00:25:40.740self-flagellation i can sort of uh extricate my sins right that's a form of piety right well i
00:25:48.560think for a wide range of reasons, the West has been infected with a self-loathing perspective,
00:25:56.920right? All ills come from the West. And therefore, anything that you see, there is a way to link it
00:26:04.300back to evil white man, to white colonialism, to white science, right? And therefore, cultural
00:26:10.060relativism then becomes a consequence of that, right? The noble brown people can't be doing
00:26:16.760something wrong because they are noble brown people. So how could you be criticizing their
00:26:23.800religious imperative to engage in clitoris cutting when reality is it's the white man that is at the
00:26:30.940source of all evil? Now, you might think that I'm being hyperbolic. I'm not. There is a movement
00:26:35.120called Anthropologists of Peace. I think I first heard that term in Steven Pinker's book, The Blank
00:26:43.280Slate, I think it was in 2002, where there is a whole group of anthropologists who genuinely
00:26:49.360believe that war and all of the violence is really a product, a recent product of sort
00:27:00.240Because we don't have any data whatsoever that prior to British colonialism, since you
00:27:06.940are in England, that men engage in any kind of violence.
00:27:11.500they just kind of had fig leaves in their genitalia. They walked hand in hand in shingles.
00:27:16.320They sang Imagine by John Lennon. But it is really white man that has introduced this
00:27:21.540brutish, right? You have to return to the era of the noble savage, Jean-Jacques Rousseau,
00:27:26.200right? Noble savage. Well, today, the noble brown people is the instantiation of the noble
00:27:31.920savage. Again, savage, I don't mean it in a derogatory sense. This is the Jean-Jacques
00:27:38.200Rousseau term. So I just gave you one analysis of how cultural relativism is the byproduct of
00:27:47.020progressive self-loathing, which by the way, is very interesting because when I talk about this
00:27:51.180in the book, at the individual level, to engage in self-loathing is a marker of you having poor
00:27:59.420mental health, right? If I go see a clinical psychologist and I exhibit endless manifestations
00:28:04.760of self-loathing, well, we found something to work on during the next 10 therapy sessions.
00:28:09.900On the other hand, at the cultural level, if I engage in self-loathing of my culture,
00:28:15.940then I am progressive. So to self-flagellate at the altar of self-loathing is a progressive
00:28:22.760virtue. So it's insane. But Gad, have you not heard that Genghis Khan was woke?
00:28:29.820Actually, he was quite progressive in terms of religious tolerance and a bunch of other stuff.
00:28:34.280he was pretty progressive not when it came to the ladies though mate no it wasn't there a study
00:28:40.260that showed that i can't remember within which area but something like one eighth of people
00:28:44.960have some descendant of genghis khan and his marauding gang yeah i'm sure he was a very very
00:28:50.860handsome and popular guy and he was just a very he was a good feminist and that's why the ladies
00:28:55.100loved him i'm sure and a tender lover and by the way i hope you do know that islam is a feminist
00:29:00.480religion. Of course it is. How specifically is it feminist, Gad? Well, there are many ways by which
00:29:07.620it's feminist. The one that I love the most, so speaking about idea pathogens, radical feminism,
00:29:12.860which really spawned in many of the academic centers, argues. Now, again, this is not because
00:29:20.360I'm also known for being very satirical and sarcastic. I'm not being sarcastic. I'm being
00:29:24.200literal here. The burqa, the niqab, and to some extent, the hijab are liberating. The bikini
00:29:33.720is shackling. Now, why is that? Because the bikini is a tool of the patriarchy that tries to
00:29:41.640objectify women. And then you get visually raped by men, right? The male gaze. On the other hand,
00:29:48.820What better way to avert the visual rape of women to stop male gaze than by putting women in black tents? That's very liberating. This is not hyperbolic. This is literally what many feminists, Western feminists argue.
00:30:07.680Now, they didn't run for their lives in Lebanon because they were of the wrong religion.
00:30:12.960So they could sit in their bullshit offices at Wellesley College and pontificate about this kind of stupidity.
00:30:19.300But to go back to your earlier question, when you come from the Middle East and you listen to this stuff, you're like, I can't believe these people are insane.
00:30:26.540And you talk, again, using the virus metaphor, that there are vaccines against these type of ridiculous ideas.
00:30:34.000Can you explain what these vaccines are?
00:30:36.480Yes, thank you for that question. So in chapter seven of my forthcoming book, I have a chapter looks at something that I call nomological networks of cumulative evidence. So bear with me because I'm going to go through a bit of a...
00:30:54.200You're vastly overestimating how intelligent either of us is, God, I promise you.
00:30:59.580so nomological networks of cumulative evidence is basically the it's an epistemological tool
00:31:07.200whereby you try to collect as much evidence from as many separate lines of evidence that you can
00:31:16.620find in order to construct an argument it's not a literature review so in science usually when
00:31:21.680you're doing a paper you then you start off by providing a literature review so let's say you
00:31:25.980want to see, is there a link between asthma and caffeine consumption? And I'm going to do a study
00:31:32.020on that. Well, first, I would like to contextualize my study in relation to all of the previous
00:31:36.900studies that have looked at this link. So that's a literature review. Nomological networks of
00:31:40.940cumulative evidence is a very, very different beast. The original guy that you could think of
00:31:45.780who was really the granddaddy of such thinking would have been Charles Darwin, because although
00:31:51.480he didn't call it nomological networks of cumulative evidence. So Charles Darwin, in trying
00:31:55.940to prove his theory of natural selection, he didn't conduct a single study with 40 undergraduates. He
00:32:03.740didn't run one observational study. Instead, what he did assiduously over several decades is he
00:32:10.160collected data from an incredibly broad range of sources, from geology, from paleontology,
00:32:17.300from animal husbandry, and so on, so that when you put all of this evidence together,
00:32:24.940it becomes an impenetrable wall of evidence. It's very difficult to try to argue against it
00:32:30.660because I am drowning you in evidence. So now let's take this idea and give you an example of
00:32:38.020that. And I'm going to come to your question of what is the inoculation. It's actually to learn
00:32:42.640how to think this way. So if I want to prove to you that men have an evolved preference for the
00:32:51.820hourglass figure, the female hourglass figure, how would I go about to try to prove that to you?
00:32:57.580Well, I could then start thinking, what would be the distinct lines of evidence from many,
00:33:03.440many different disciplines, different time periods, different cultures, different methodologies,
00:33:09.580all of which prove my point. So let me give you a few examples. So we know for example that women
00:33:15.960who have a particular hourglass figure are likely to be more healthy, more fertile. So there is a
00:33:22.560link between that particular morphological feature and the ultimate currency of evolution which is
00:33:29.240can you reproduce. So already that is a lot of compelling evidence. Then I can go to many
00:33:34.040different cultures. Cultures that are not only Western. I could go to the Yanomomo tribe in
00:33:39.380the Amazon who have not been exposed to media images, right? For those who might say, oh,
00:33:43.880it's media images that teach you that preference. And I could show that those men have the exact
00:33:49.160same preference. In other words, I can replicate it universally across 50 different cultures.
00:33:53.980I could use brain imaging studies whereby I could show men either the hourglass figure or not,
00:33:59.720and I could show that their pleasure centers will light up when they see the woman in the
00:34:04.940hourglass figure. I did a study, this is my own study, where I did a content analysis of the
00:34:12.100advertised hourglass figures of online female escorts, meaning prostitutes that advertise
00:34:18.780their services online. So I had a research assistant go to 48 different countries where
00:34:26.060these women are advertising their profiles. And of course, it turns out that the hourglass figure,
00:34:32.860By the way, the hourglass figure is a waist-to-hip ratio between 0.68 to 0.72.
00:34:37.560Now, so as you can see, I'm now offering you medical data, fertility data, neuroimaging data, contemporary, modern, online, internet data.
00:34:50.340And by the way, I didn't give you the full nomological network.
00:34:52.460You could take congenitally blind men, meaning men who have never had the gift of sight, make them go through a, so elicit from them their preferences. Now you might say, well, how would you do that? You do it haptically by having them touch mannequins with different waist to hip ratios and guess which mannequin they choose as their preferred one, that one.
00:35:15.360So what have I done here? I have said to myself, what would be the data that I would need to amass together? As I said, from different disciplines, different time periods, different cultures. Oh, you could take art history data, so data from ancient Greece, ancient Egypt, Africa, India, and do a content analysis of their figurines, and that's the hourglass figure you get.
00:35:41.860So I could now go in front of 400 rabid, radical, angry feminists, as I have, and I walk in with all the swagger that I'm known for, and I present the data, and I'm not afraid of the pushback.
00:36:00.280And then I usually will talk and say, I can't hear anybody attacking me. What's going on? Why the silence? Why? Because I've built you a nomological network that's impenetrable. I didn't get emotional. I didn't get lunatic. I didn't get hysterical. I simply put on the epistemological hat that says, what would I need to convince my most intransigent audience member?
00:36:24.360So the grand inoculation against these bad ideas is to start learning how to think,
00:36:30.000not so much only like a scientist, because most scientists don't know about this tool that I'm
00:36:34.800talking about, is to think like a well-trained evolutionary scientist, precisely because
00:36:40.800evolutionary psychologists are so often the butt of hostile detractors, all of whom collectively
00:36:48.000have the IQ of my shoe. But nonetheless, those detractors are viscerally hateful of evolutionary
00:36:55.100psychology because they don't like the idea that the same processes that defines your dog's Roscoe's
00:37:01.140behavior can also explain why I prefer this mate versus that mate. Humans are somehow above their
00:37:06.600biology. So precisely because I have been so much at the receiving end of within my colleagues of
00:37:14.640a lot of hostile reactions, I had to learn how to diffuse their rabbit attacks by convincing
00:37:21.840them calmly through science. So to answer your question in a very long-winded way, but I think
00:37:26.900I needed to do it this way, is you have to learn how to think like a dispassionate collector of
00:37:33.620information. And the fundamental name for that is nomological networks of cumulative evidence.
00:37:40.200well I like if you went all that way just to show basically that men are pigs
00:37:45.740exactly what we are but again it's fascinating talking to you and we've got probably about 25
00:37:53.220minutes left one of the frustrations for us whenever we talk to someone like you who's got
00:37:58.260so many interesting things that we could talk to about is that you know like we get you or
00:38:03.460Jeffrey Miller or Diana Fleischman on the show and then we spend half an hour talking about
00:38:07.900so gad please prove to us that men are actually different from women and please you know like
00:38:12.780these very basic things that everybody actually knows right so um i i mean i i've i'm very
00:38:18.840interested to read your book nonetheless but i i let's move on to talking about some of the other
00:38:22.880work that you do and some of the research that you do um first of all tell us a little bit just
00:38:28.680as a with you clearly have expertise in in a number of fields when you look at the coronavirus
00:38:35.620response and people's behaviors and the government response in Western countries particularly,
00:38:43.040what do you see from your mindset and your kind of perceptual filter that we've done right,
00:38:48.540that we've done wrong? What stands out for you? So what I, I'm not sure if this is going to
00:38:53.600exactly answer your question, but one of the things that I've done since the shutdown is I
00:38:58.520wrote several articles on my psychology today column that are all in some form or other
00:39:05.580coronavirus related and so maybe i could kind of answer it that way right uh and so i thought okay
00:39:12.260well what you know what are some things either in my personal life or in my knowledge base as an
00:39:18.480evolutionist that i can write about that somehow links my personal life or my evolutionary background
00:39:24.920to the coronavirus. And so let me give you a few of these examples. So one of the things, well,
00:39:29.960I think maybe the first article that I wrote of the series was one where I argued, so there's a
00:39:36.080study by some fantastic evolutionary behavioral scientists where they looked at the distribution
00:39:43.120of scores on collectivism and individualism around the world. So China, collectivist, right?
00:39:51.000Far East collectivists, Arabic countries collectivists, Britain, England, Canada, individualists, right?
00:39:57.480Individualist societies is I'm first an individual, then I'm a member of a group.
00:40:01.160Collectivists, who cares about the individual?
00:40:04.520You're just an incidental part of the larger group, right?
00:40:08.960And so what they showed is that the distribution of countries in terms of how they score on individualism or collectivism
00:40:16.460is correlated to the pathogenic density in those cultures, meaning cultures who have higher
00:40:25.120pathogenic load in those cultures are more likely to be collectivist. Now, you might say, well,
00:40:31.200why? What's the link? So, what they argue is that collectivist societies are able to institute,
00:40:39.400for example, rituals that protect against pathogens more easily, precisely because
00:40:45.960they're collectivists, norm following becomes easier to do. When you're in a collectivist
00:40:50.680society, you're more likely to have a clearer demarcation between the in-group and out-group.
00:40:56.200Therefore, that also creates a barrier against pathogenic transfer. So then I took that idea,
00:41:02.520and then I then linked it to a personal reality. So being Jewish, there was a guy who wrote a book
00:41:09.440called I think the Paleo Manifesto, John Durant, where in the book he talks about how Jews
00:41:16.200historically have actually fared quite well in these types of pandemics, which basically causes
00:41:21.680the anti-Semites to argue that that demonstrates that they are the devil, because how come the rest
00:41:26.540of us are all dying, whereas these bastard Jews are still alive and faring well? Well, it turns
00:41:31.220out that of the mitzvot, the mitzvot are the 613 commandments, not the 10 major commandments,
00:41:37.060But the commandments of daily life, so these are called in Hebrew mitzvot, good deeds. So of the 613 mitzvot, roughly 15 to 20%, according to John Durant, relate to purification rituals, right?
00:41:52.000So there is this cultural religious mechanism that has transcended several millennia that has caused Jews to find a way to protect themselves against a lot of these pathogenic transfers.
00:42:07.060Now, I took this idea and then applied it, not to my culture and religious heritage,
00:42:12.100but personally, I'm someone who, pre-coronavirus, is morbidly terrified.
00:59:12.440So my doctoral dissertation was in 1994.
00:59:14.760And this is a paper that I published in 2009, if memory serves me right.
00:59:18.980So many years later, I applied that framework specifically to make choice.
00:59:23.280The idea being, I applied that, what's called the sequential stopping model.
00:59:28.600So sequential in that you acquire information and then you decide,
00:59:32.500do I have enough information to make a choice?
00:59:34.700If yes, I stop. If no, I acquire more information.
00:59:37.020And so I applied this model specifically to mate choice. And let me just give you the quick kind of punchline. When it comes to rejecting prospective suitors, in other words, how much information do you need to look at before you decide that a pair of suitors are losers?
00:59:54.040women reject suitors much more quickly right in other words they need less information to decide
01:00:01.460that they are disassociating from those prospective suitors when it comes to choosing a final mate
01:00:07.500then women acquire more information before they make that final choice now the fact that in
01:00:14.280rejection mode they acquire less information but that they when they choose mode they acquire
01:00:20.460more information is actually perfectly explained by an evolutionary theory called parental
01:00:26.560investment theory. The guy who proposed it is Robert Trivers, who is still alive. Some have said
01:00:32.480arguably the biggest evolutionary biologist since Darwin that's saying a lot. He's come up with some
01:00:37.740unbelievable theories that have been influential over the past 40 years. Parental investment theory
01:00:41.700basically says that across species, right? And now here, please don't be triggered. It assumes that
01:00:48.320there is such a thing as male and female in each of those species, sexually reproducing
01:00:55.100But if you want to know sex differences within a species, you need to look at the minimal
01:01:03.180parental obligatory investment that each sex provides within that species.
01:01:08.980For most species, males only provide a copulatory act and then they leave, right?
01:01:15.360All of the minimal obligatory parental investment is carried by the females. Therefore, because of that, they have to be more judicious in their mate choice. They have to be more careful because the costs of making a suboptimal mate choice loom much larger for females.
01:01:30.800Now, by the way, there are species that are called sexual reversal species where it's the exact opposite. It is the males who are smaller. The males have less testosterone. The females build harems of males.
01:01:43.600Yeah, in England, we call that area Islington.
01:01:47.800I'm supposing that's what, a super liberal progressive area?
01:01:54.120And I call them sneaky fucker syndrome.
01:01:58.820But anyways, so in those species, you have the exact opposite pattern of sex differences.
01:02:05.880So imagine how unbelievably powerful that theory is.
01:02:10.580It can, in one swoop, explain the pattern of sex differences across two million sexually reproducing species without a falsifiable data point, right?
01:02:24.540So to the incredible imbeciles who argue that evolutionary theory is nothing but just so storytelling, unfalsifiable nonsense, they couldn't be further from the truth.
01:02:39.780Because the reality is evolutionary theory is unbelievably falsifiable epistemologically.
01:02:46.380The fact that you can't falsify it speaks to its veracity, to it being veridical.
01:02:52.900It's not because epistemologically you can't falsify it. It's because it's true, right? If a hundred people jump off a building and a hundred of them crash, it's not because gravity is unfalsifiable. It's because gravity exists and it's recurrently the same pattern that will happen.
01:03:09.880So that's one of the things, by the way, that caused me to develop this nomological networks of cumulative evidence, you know, chapter seven, right?
01:03:18.860Because I have to fight against this idea that, so you basically sit around, professor, and just come up with bullshit post hoc explanations, but you couch it as evolutionary psychology.
01:03:30.740but isn't evolutionary psychology pseudoscience? Nothing could be further from the truth. Before
01:03:36.500an evolutionary psychologist can claim that something is an evolutionary trait, he sets
01:03:43.240the threshold, speaking of threshold, he sets the cumulative threshold incredibly higher than all
01:03:49.960the other sciences. So that which we are attacked is actually the opposite of what the truth is,
01:03:56.300And that's why I find it so galling. And by the way, it's usually fellow academics who levy that accusation, which upsets me that much more. If it were just a Twitter moron, then it's fine. He's sitting in his basement playing gamer stuff. But if it's a fellow academic who says, oh, it's too bad, Dr. Saad, that you wasted your career on a pseudoscience like evolutionary psychology. Well, once you say stuff like that, then I'm going to roll up the sleeves and I'm coming after you.
01:04:24.280God, you've got to be careful with the incels, my friend, because for the last five weeks, we've all been sitting in our basements playing computer games.
01:04:30.700So you've got to be careful in this brave new world of ours.
01:04:33.460But listen, it's been an absolute pleasure chatting with you.
01:04:38.040And once all this stuff is over, either when you're in London or we're in Canada, we'd love to talk to you face to face because I feel like there's so much other stuff we could discuss.
01:04:46.260But now that we've got to let you go, before we do that, we've got one more question for you.
01:04:50.400and that's uh the way we finish every interview which is what is the one thing we're not talking
01:04:55.360about as a society that we really should be facetious answer or real answer because i
01:05:01.520haven't prepared a real answer so let's do a facetious one whatever you want go for it facetious
01:05:06.320answer uh there's a lot of pressure on him now isn't there why why is it why are we not talking
01:05:14.760about why Ariana Grande has more followers than the 100 top, I guess that's not a facetious
01:05:23.000answer, more than the 100 other top brains in the world.
01:05:29.780In other words, why is it, and I'm thinking about this from a parasitic perspective, right?
01:05:35.280More people are willing to listen to the pontification of Ariana Grande or Billie Eilish
01:05:41.900because of the platform that they have
01:05:43.960than if I stood on my platform and screamed all day.
01:05:47.820And I wish there was a way for us to talk about
01:06:10.320But because as someone who pursues truth, I'd like more kids to have as their heroes intellectual giants rather than people who gyrate and twerk and sin.
01:06:22.480Yeah, but as we know from an evolutionary point of view, God, that doesn't get you laid.