In this episode, we speak to Andrew Foxx, a former British military officer who served with the Royal British Legion and the British Royal Navy. He was on the ground in Gaza during the latest Israeli offensive on Gaza and shares his perspective on the situation.
00:16:42.000Is the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation, do they just randomly shoot at people, which is what some people are saying?
00:16:50.000And then two of their operatives were injured because there was a grenade attack?
00:16:56.000I mean, I guess my question is, how do you know the truth and what is going on?
00:17:00.000I think what you've perfectly illustrated is the fact that there are two wars going on in Gaza.
00:17:05.000There's what's actually happening in Gaza, and then there is the entire bubble of media and information manoeuvre that's going on around it.
00:17:12.000And that information campaign is designed to enable Hamas's survival.
00:17:16.000It's designed to force the Israelis through international pressure to a ceasefire.
00:17:22.000You know, we saw that letter just this week from 28 countries telling Israel to ceasefire and curiously omitting the fact that it was Hamas who turned down the last ceasefire deal.
00:17:55.000So part of the problem with defeating Hamas, which is Israel's war aim, is that Hamas has retained control within Gaza by leveraging the aid.
00:18:04.000So they seize it, they sell it, and that helps them control the population and pay their own fighters.
00:18:10.000So what Israel has tried to do is come up with a way to separate the people of Gaza from Hamas.
00:18:17.000OK, they're probably not going to do that conceptually.
00:18:19.000They're probably not going to say, we now love Israel, but physically separating them so that Hamas can be destroyed and their command and control over Gaza can be deleted.
00:18:29.000And so what Israel has done is seize control of the aid delivery mechanism.
00:18:33.000So they make sure that the aid doesn't get hijacked on the way to delivery points.
00:18:37.000And they make sure that when people come to the delivery points to collect the aid, it's not then getting nicked by Hamas.
00:18:43.000Now, once people leave the delivery sites, there's obviously challenges there.
00:18:47.000But, you know, this is a far more effective way of getting aid for free to people rather than Hamas selling it to them.
00:18:55.000Because people at the GHF sites have expressed surprise when they receive aid that they haven't had to pay for it.
00:19:01.000Now, for some of them, this is the first aid in the entire war they've had that they've not had to pay for.
00:19:05.000Now, if we can start unpacking the issues here, first of all, there is the issue of thinking about it from a military tactical perspective.
00:19:11.000You have to, you know, secure the site.
00:19:14.000So there has to be that secure delivery site before people can come to it and take the aid.
00:19:18.000That is done intimately by contractors, former American service personnel, most usually.
00:19:25.000The wider bubble of security for that secure distribution site is secured by the IDF.
00:19:32.000And where the shootings are coming in is when people are coming up to the SDS, the secure distribution site, to get the aid, they're being held back by the IDF.
00:19:43.000So they don't flood the site and get trampled, which happened the other day.
00:19:48.000They tried it without the IDF securing it and there were 19 people killed in a stampede for food.
00:19:53.000Unfortunately, the IDF have limited options and they're using an option to control the crowds, which frankly isn't very good.
00:19:58.000They're trying to use warning shots to do it.
00:20:00.000That's certainly not how the British Army would do it, I don't think.
00:20:03.000We do use warning shots, we absolutely do, and I've seen civilians hit by them as well, so this does happen.
00:20:07.000But it is a suboptimal way, I would suggest, of putting crowd control measures in place.
00:20:12.000But how I would turn that on its head is just like, what are the other options?
00:20:16.000They're not going to send troops in with riot shields.
00:20:18.000You know, it's a war zone, you can't do crowd control whilst there's a specific threat from Hamas.
00:45:49.000I mean, I think the human mind seeks simplicity.
00:45:53.000You know, cognitive fluency is a very well-established psychological phenomenon where we look for the easy answer because our brains are overloaded.
00:46:00.000There is no easy answer in the Middle East.
00:46:51.000And therefore, they're more likely to cooperate economically with like-minded fellow travelers.
00:46:55.000And once economics starts working and people start getting richer and malign actors start seeing the benefits, actually, of playing nice rather than playing nasty, then perhaps that's a direction we could lead people in.
00:47:07.000So there's a huge amount to consider here across all of those different metrics.
00:47:12.000And there's no one simple silver bullet.
00:47:27.000They believe these, quite frankly, horrific ideologies, you know, where they will put their own women and children in the firing line because they believe that they're going to go to heaven if they die.
00:47:40.000So that's ultimately the best solution.
00:47:42.000For them, it's a win-win because Israel looked terrible.
00:48:04.000I mean, when you say it's across the Middle East, I mean, I think you have to be slightly more reserved than that.
00:48:09.000I mean, I think you can pinpoint certain hotspots, certainly, where this psychotic jihadi mentality is dominant.
00:48:15.000But, you know, we've seen in countries like Saudi Arabia, like the UAE, that there is a path for Islamic, pretty hardline Islamic countries to a slightly more moderate outcome.
00:48:25.000And I would suggest that the key to all of this is Saudi Arabia.
00:48:29.000They've shown it can be done. They've got Mecca and Medina statements from Saudi Arabia.
00:48:34.000They're kind of, I mean, they're not quite like the papacy and Catholicism.
00:48:37.000But, you know, they're about as punchy as it gets in the Islamic world.
00:48:40.000If Saudi Arabia show a leadership piece here, then that's a really good thing.
00:48:45.000But, unfortunately, Saudi Arabia won't do this without a solution to the Palestinian problem.
00:48:50.000And that is why Gaza and the West Bank are so critical, because they are the key to unlocking Saudi acceptance.
00:48:58.000Saudi acceptance of Israel and therefore greater prosperity and acceptance across the whole region.
00:49:03.000But what is a solution to the Palestinian problem?
00:49:06.000At the moment, I think it feels like the United's Palestinian Emirates.
00:49:11.000We've seen a very kind of tempting teaser of this in the last couple of weeks with the Emirates of Hebron.
00:49:18.000Where some of the elders have got together and said, hey, we'll join the Abraham Accords.
00:49:22.000We'll acknowledge Israel. Now can we do trade and get richer?
00:49:26.000You know, there's plenty wrong with that model in terms of whether these Emirates even have the authority to do what they've done.
00:49:32.000You know, there's all sorts of debate around that.
00:49:34.000But actually, I think if that works, if that can be made to work, and you do see Hebron suddenly getting richer and finding the benefits of peace with Israel,
00:49:43.000you can carry other moderate Palestinian voices with you.
00:49:47.000And then the hardliners will be isolated.
00:49:49.000And eventually, you reach a point where you've got these separate Emirates who can then work together and create that Palestinian state that they've been after for so long.
00:49:58.000But it's a very long journey, loads of road bumps.
00:50:01.000But I haven't seen a better suggestion.
00:50:03.000Because I think two-state solution is firmly dead at this point.
00:50:09.000Which brings me to a question I was going to ask you.
00:50:12.000Because one of the claims that people have made, including in discussions I've had with people, and I think it's largely false because people misrepresent Israel allowing Qatar to give money to Hamas in order to fund basically civilian life.
00:50:28.000But they keep claiming that Israel funded Hamas.
00:50:33.000There are some allegations that Netanyahu allowed Hamas to rise because it divides Hamas and Fatah.
00:50:42.000And it means that the people who control the West Bank are not the same people who control Gaza.
00:50:46.000Therefore, there's less likelihood of a serious push for a Palestinian state.
00:50:51.000So, to what extent is the current government of Israel even interested in a solution to the Gaza question?
00:50:58.000Well, I think they're voting today on the two-state solution and ruling it out completely.
00:51:03.000So, I think 0% right now is the answer.
00:51:06.000But when we look at what happened in Gaza before the war and the funding of Hamas, I think there are two things that went on here.
00:51:13.000I think correctly you've identified that divide and conquer was part of it.
00:51:16.000But secondly, I think there was a genuine belief on the Israeli side that by putting money into Hamas and Gaza, it would keep them peaceful.
00:52:53.000So there were big intelligence failures.
00:52:55.000But what I think is underestimated on 7 October is the sophistication of Hamas's attack.
00:53:01.000Now, the fence wasn't just a chain link border fence.
00:53:04.000This was a five deep security fence with, you know, underground tunneling, with remote control machine guns on top, with barbed wire and cameras the whole way along it.
00:53:16.000You know, this is about as solid as a fence can get.
00:53:18.000And so what Hamas had was what anyone in the Western army would recognize as a combat engineering team.
00:54:55.000Totally disrupted in the Gaza periphery region, which was just Hamas being, again,
00:55:01.000making a very good and sophisticated military plan.
00:55:03.000Now, if you've got troops in the north of the country that you're trying to mobilize, that's not as easy as a phone call saying, get down to the south now.
00:55:13.000To compare and contrast with the British Army, our highest readiness company is at 48 hours notice to move.
00:55:19.000So that's moving 48 hours from getting the phone call.
00:55:22.000You have to get the troops back to base, back into uniform.
00:55:25.000You have to get the weapons out of the armories.
00:55:27.000You have to get the ammunition issued.
00:55:28.000You have to get the vehicles signed out.
00:55:31.000You have to establish commander control and radio networks.
00:55:34.000You know, this stuff is really, really complicated.
00:55:37.000And I think that's why what we saw on the first hours of 7th October was just dribs and drabs of special forces units who were ready to go because they are at a much higher readiness.
00:55:46.000You know, our highest SF, I think, are at one hour notice to move.
00:55:50.000So, you know, they're much, much better set up to respond so quickly than the conventional army are.
00:55:55.000And then you just saw those lone half-a-go heroes who just picked up their weapons and went for it and did incredible things on the day.
00:56:01.000But to get a conventional force, even back into uniform, given a set of orders and moved from A to B, takes a lot of time in peacetime, never mind when there is a psychotic terrorist massacre going on in the south of your country.
00:56:15.000So I think we can be a little bit kinder to the IDF than perhaps some of the critics that you're talking about.
00:56:20.000Because the reality is, is this happened on Netanyahu's watch, and he needs to accept responsibility for that.
00:56:28.000There's also the other conspiracy theory, which is he was secretly happy that it happened because it meant that he wouldn't have to confront the corruption charges and the very serious charges that are being levelled against him.
00:56:41.000Or alternatively gave him an excuse to go and do to Gaza what they've done.
00:56:45.000I mean, I would, I can't disprove a negative, I mean, I can't prove a negative, sorry.
00:56:50.000I mean, where's your evidence for that would be my take.
00:56:52.000This is wild supposition that I don't think has any tangible or concrete evidence to back it up.
00:56:58.000Yeah, none of those things ever made a lot of sense.
00:57:01.000And to imagine the leader of a country allowing thousands of its citizens to be treated in that way is hard, even with, you know, whatever you think about the person involved.
00:57:12.000One of the things I found really, really shocking, Andrew, I discovered this in two instances.
00:57:17.000One, I did a discussion with a guy called Safety Namas on our channel who wanted to debate this war with me.
00:57:24.000And another one was when I went to the pro-Palestine protests here in London and documented it, again, available on our channel.
00:57:31.000The number of people who effectively deny that any sexual violence happened on October the 7th, who claimed that it was effectively just, you know, a military-on-military engagement in which none of the rapes that are alleged to have happened, none of this other stuff.
00:57:49.000Even though quite a lot of, I mean, the rapes are not on camera, but, you know, we've seen video of guys throwing grenades into shelters with their kids and then getting the coke out of the fridge afterwards and things like that.
00:58:02.000What do we know about what actually happened on that day?
00:58:06.000And also, why do you think people are pretending it didn't?
00:58:11.000Or why do they believe it didn't happen?
00:58:13.000We know a huge amount, you know, as you correctly identify, Hamas filmed it and broadcast it themselves.
00:58:18.000You know, this isn't really a matter for debate when it comes to the massacres.
00:58:22.000We also have the Roberts Inquiry, which was a British House of Lords all-parliamentary group UK-Israel report into the 7th of October, which is fantastically comprehensive and intimately evidenced.
00:58:35.000So that's a very good document I would point people towards.
00:58:40.000Yeah, it talks about the slaughter in mass, and it talks about, you know, each individual that was killed, and it goes into detail about what actually happened on the day.
00:58:50.000I mean, I've been to Be'ari, I've been to Re'im, I've been to the Nova site, I've been to Nahalos and Neroz, and, you know, I've walked in human ashes, where the fires that burned were so intense, they had to get archaeologists in to identify the bones of dead Israelis.
00:59:04.000Where families were burned hugging in the fire because that was their last moment on earth, and they wanted to be near their own families.
00:59:11.000You know, this is the most brutal thing I have ever seen, even including my three tours of Afghanistan.
00:59:17.000I mean, it doesn't show you the sexual assault evidence, because quite understandably, the Israelis haven't released that.
00:59:22.000You know, what rape in history do people demand that all the evidence be put out into the public domain?
00:59:29.000It's ridiculous. It shows no respect for the victims and no respect for their families.
00:59:35.000There is evidence, and I have seen it.
00:59:37.000So there is a very famous 47-minute video that shows the massacre of the day.
00:59:41.000That's something that a lot of journalists and people have seen.
00:59:44.000If you go to a base in Israel, just north of Tel Aviv, called Blilot,
00:59:49.000they have the sexual assault evidence pack there, which certain people invited to see, and I'm sad to say that I am one of them.
00:59:58.000I went with a military delegation of senior retired generals from around NATO and the US,
01:00:04.000and I have never seen grizzled 35-year career soldiers reduced to that kind of fury and horror is the only word.
01:00:16.000It's the worst thing I've ever seen in my entire life.
01:00:18.000You know, I get chills just talking about it to you.
01:00:22.000And I won't go into, again, I won't go into details about what I've seen, but it is absolutely unquestionable that sexual assault happened.
01:00:30.000And on top of that, I have spoken to people who witnessed it and who can tell the stories of what happened that day.
01:00:36.000This was brutal, that people deny it is disgusting.
01:13:23.000You know, if you're indiscriminately firing mortars, you're, you're, you're guaranteeing that civilian targets
01:13:28.000are gonna take some collateral damage from what you're firing.
01:13:31.000And yet there's no accountability for that.
01:13:33.000There's no demands that Hamas show their collateral damage assessments, that they show their risk assessments
01:13:39.000and their battle damage assessments afterwards in the way the IDF is.
01:13:43.000You know, there is, there's a complete double standard here.
01:13:45.000And you could make the case that there should be, because Israel is a democratic country with an army that should have accountability.
01:13:51.000Hamas is a terror group that we expect to behave in the manner of a terror group.
01:13:55.000But legality aside, the morality here is very clear that Hamas are acting in a deeply, deeply immoral way.
01:14:01.000And they're getting a free pass, irrespective of the laws of war.
01:14:05.000Can you, can you, can you, this is the thing I've always wondered about.
01:14:09.000I remember we had another combat veteran in here, Kelsey Sheeran, we talked about this.
01:14:13.000It's like, if one side is allowed to have no rules, how can a party that tries to play by the rules ever win a conflict?
01:14:21.000And we're seeing that play out in real time in Gaza.
01:14:23.000And I think there is a case to be made that the law of armed conflict needs looking at.
01:14:27.000It was written in post-1945 with the conception that it would be used by two fighting armies.
01:14:35.000What it didn't, I think, foresee was the era of counterinsurgency and irregular warfare that we are now firmly in.
01:14:41.000And I think there are elements of it that are effectively handcuffs on conventional armies that perhaps need to be, need to be looked at.
01:14:49.000And actually the way they're set up, they encourage the use of human shields.
01:14:53.000They encourage the use of hospitals and schools by irregular actors because they know and they've seen that when those hospitals and schools are legally struck,
01:15:01.000that are still conceived of as an immoral act and therefore condemned in the international media.
01:15:06.000So I think, I think there is a case to say that the law of armed conflict is counterproductive when it comes to stuff like this.
01:15:11.000And it also enables Hamas and the rest of their ilk to play the long game.
01:15:17.000Because they know that Gen Z will eventually come into power and they will eventually be running the United States.
01:15:24.000And if you look at Gen Z's opinions on Israel, they are not sympathetic.
01:15:30.000And a large part of this is because they have been mainlined footage from the war zone straight to their phones.
01:15:38.000So if you think about the long game, all right, Israel may have won the war, they may have achieved their objectives, but the propaganda war, there's only one winner and it ain't Israel.
01:15:48.000Yeah, I agree. And I've been saying that for months.
01:15:50.000And I think we also have to consider the era of the smartphone.
01:15:54.000As you say that, that instantaneity of imagery on your phone.
01:15:58.000Now, like, war is horrifying. Like, it is. There's no way around it.
01:16:02.000You can't fight a war in a clean, you know, sanitized manner that doesn't look horrendous when you see it up close.
01:16:09.000You know, the very first thing I did in Afghanistan, we were, you know, I was two weeks out of training, straight on tour.
01:16:16.000We dropped a 500-pounder bomb and then we were clearing through body parts in the compound afterwards.
01:16:21.000You know, this is not within the normal scope of what humans expect to see.
01:16:25.000And when it's boomed onto your phone as you're sat on your commuter train or in your classroom at school,
01:16:29.000like, horror is absolutely the correct reaction to that on a human level.
01:16:35.000But what you then do with that horror and what narratives then get attached to it is where the problem comes in.
01:16:40.000And how do you, you know, how do you, when someone is really upset over seeing a dead kid in Gaza,
01:16:46.000of which there are thousands, and they're horrified at it,
01:16:50.000how do you then say, ah, yes, but, you know, under the Geneva Conventions,
01:16:54.000we were legally able to strike this child and it's legal collateral damage.
01:20:00.000He's got a bunch at home. Don't worry about that.
01:20:02.000Andrew, it's been really great having you on because I feel like this has actually been the nuanced conversation about this issue
01:20:10.000that no one is I've never seen anyone have because you either get people who are this side or that side.
01:20:17.000And what you've talked about is, I think, the facts on the ground.
01:20:20.000But also from, you know, like I say, from a pro-Israel position, nonetheless, you're openly saying Israel needs to wrap this up and should have done already.
01:20:29.000And there are some definitely some questions about what's happening politically there.
01:20:33.000We've invited the prime minister of Israel on many times.
01:20:36.000We would give him a fair hearing just as we do with every guest.
01:20:39.000So I hope that still happens because I think that this it's an important discussion.
01:20:43.000And I really think this has brought a lot of value to people who want to hear that kind of conversation.