00:01:24.980What do you make of that, first of all?
00:01:26.580Well, it is Wednesday if you're watching this at home and that sound you hear outside are the riots.
00:01:31.880I think media is a pendulum and it goes back and forth and trusted media has hit an all-time low.
00:01:41.300And I started my career as a journalist and we took it very serious back in the 90s.
00:01:47.000It was kind of a vocation and you were really trained, hey, your job is to present the truth, tell the story, give the facts, let the audience decide.
00:01:55.280You know, they're smart, so just give them the facts, you know, the who, what, when, where, why, and we're done.
00:02:26.080I had one called Silicon Alley Reporter.
00:02:28.340And the way you kind of made your way in the world was by saying the things and having the conversations in those publications that the mainstream media at the time were not willing to have.
00:02:40.020So we had Spy Magazine, Esquire Paper Magazine.
00:02:42.800I think you guys had Time Out, Mondo 2000, 2600, a hacker publication.
00:02:49.360There were all these kind of really interesting.
00:02:50.540Then blogs came out and I was involved in that.
00:02:52.780I had a company, Weblogs Inc., that did Engadget, Autoblog.
00:03:24.460So like the headline was written by somebody who worked in the social media departments, literally at a publication like the New York Times.
00:03:33.300There's a group of people who write the headlines and BuzzFeed and Gawker, some of these, you know, early publications that hacked the system would make 10 different headlines in their social media department.
00:03:45.400They would test them on Facebook with $10 against each one, whichever one performed, whichever two performed, they would edit those and punch them up.
00:03:54.280And then they would spend $1,000 on Facebook to get the first, you know, whatever, 100 likes on it.
00:03:59.340And that led to, I think, the audience starting to lose faith in it.
00:04:05.300And it was kind of like a self-owned by the media.
00:04:09.800But then it's very hard to have a two-hour conversation or a three-hour conversation and pull that off.
00:04:19.520And when experts started going directly to their audiences, you had a large number of members of the audience with their AirPods in and their phones kind of become addicted to this longer format.
00:04:35.880And then you have Joe Rogan and countless other podcasters kind of do what Howard Stern did.
00:04:42.600You know, Joe had a big, Howard Stern had a big influence on, I think, Joe Rogan and a number of people in podcasting because he would go long.
00:04:49.820He had a three- or four-hour radio show in New York, probably 30 million people listening to it at the peak.
00:04:55.560And going long was like a really kind of an interesting piece of what he did.
00:05:23.920And then all of a sudden Van Halen's telling this crazy story.
00:05:27.960I think that's what happened in podcasting is, you know, you take off the expiration date and the time where, oh, well, we're just getting into it, but we have to stop.
00:05:38.560People get very interesting in hour two.
00:05:40.720If you can get somebody to the second hour, that's why any time I interview anybody, I put the harder questions at the end and the more banal ones at the beginning.
00:06:13.940Then we'll go to abortion, Roe v. Wade, and then we'll go there.
00:06:17.180But, yeah, it's definitely the podcast election.
00:06:20.540And I think if Trump wins, we will look back on it and say J.D. Vance and Trump doing really well on podcasts was a big part of that.
00:06:29.060And if men start voting in the United States and men consume a lot of these podcasts, then it's going to be very interesting because men in the United States, as you probably know, don't vote as often as women.
00:06:38.420Right. And interesting for me, you are the kind of the lone leftist now, I think, on the All In podcast. Is that fair to say?
00:07:17.080You are the lone voice holding the line, right?
00:07:19.420Well, I mean, I don't like either candidate.
00:07:22.640I fall into this double-hater group where I think one's an authoritarian and of low moral character.
00:07:28.020And then I think the other one's a bit of a puppet and a socialist.
00:07:31.180So if you ask me to pick, I'm just going to tell you the truth.
00:07:35.040Like neither of these are candidates I would ever nominate or vote for.
00:07:39.260Right. The reason I bring it up is I was curious to hear you say that you thought the media had gone biased and you wanted to talk about why, which I really also want to talk about.
00:07:48.100But one counter-argument to my own argument would be it feels to us, because we are in the center of it, like this is the podcast election.
00:07:58.600But the New York Times still has a gigantic audience that's doing very well financially.
00:08:04.100And we kind of live in a world where you can find data and evidence for whatever belief you have, right?
00:08:09.980So I could say, well, look at Jeff Bezos on the Washington Post.
00:08:12.960He's come out and reprimanded his own team.
00:08:14.720Or I could say, look at the New York Times, still crushing it.
00:09:31.120But then the audience is much more loyal.
00:09:34.020So even though you've alienated half, which was what you never wanted to do in media or you never wanted to do as a CEO of a company, you don't want to lose half your customers.
00:09:46.020What they realized was you could own that audience and they would watch you for three, four, five hours a day.
00:09:52.060And that was really, I think, Rupert Murdoch's big innovation in the U.S. was Fox.
00:09:56.020Then you had, you know, when Trump won, if you believed he was an existential threat.
00:10:02.220And if you talk to people on the left, they believe he's an existential threat.
00:10:05.320And you could make an argument as to what happened on January 6th, an election denial.
00:10:10.300You could very reasonably make an argument that they tried to overturn the election results.
00:10:15.320In fact, a lot of courts have determined that.
00:10:18.140And whether you think it's lawfare or not, there's a reasonable case to be made that they did.
00:10:22.800Now, if you're really, really extremely far left and you actually believe that this person is Hitler, I don't, but some people do, you would do whatever you have at your disposal to, you know, stop Hitler.
00:10:39.640Like we literally make movies about going back and time machines and would you kill baby Hitler is like a question.
00:10:44.380So I think the media saw themselves as a tool to stop Hitler, to stop Trump.
00:10:53.100And so that distorted everything they did.
00:10:55.480And you see it in the U.K. as well with The Guardian would say, like, subscribe to The Guardian and we will do more journalism to stop Trump.
00:11:04.280The Washington Post, The New York Times, like literally in their marketing materials would put at the bottom of the story.
00:11:09.880And I think The Guardian still has it explicitly.
00:11:12.120If you want to see more journalism like this to stop Trump, to stop authoritarianism, back us, right?
00:11:18.880And that, I think, has made people just not trust media at all.
00:11:25.460They just assume they're, you know, they've picked a side.
00:11:29.540I mean, if you were to ask me which media hasn't picked a side, I would have a really hard time.
00:11:34.460Maybe The Economist, Financial Times, some of those publications, Wall Street Journal, most people would say, who study media would say they're the most, you know, center, not picking a side, objective.
00:11:47.820Do you think the future is podcasts where people go, look, these are my opinions, these are my thoughts, but I'm going to host people from different sides of the political spectrum?
00:11:56.800And actually, that's a far more honest way of doing it than the BBC saying we're neutral, when the reality is nobody's neutral because we all have our opinions and our thoughts on various issues.
00:12:08.600Yeah, you know, different publications have different standards for that.
00:12:12.200And I think disclosing them is important.
00:12:14.180And so the public has always been confused about, for example, the editorial page.
00:12:18.200So having an editorial page at a publication and saying, our editorial page is a group of people who are separate and you know their names and they write these editorials or we don't use our names on the editorial page, but they act as a group and then they pick a candidate and they give their opinions.
00:12:34.080But on this side of the business, these other pages of the same publication is straight reportage.
00:12:54.420Now, the BBC, Reuters, AP, Wall Street Journal, they're hiring reporters to try to tell stories, to interview people, to try to tell the facts as best they can and maybe be objective.
00:13:05.440But the problem is definitely when these things are side by side, it's too confusing.
00:13:09.160Then you add to it, oh, the New York Times is going to add journalists who are doing podcasts and they're giving their opinion.
00:13:18.160And then you watch them on Twitter and they're writing all this crazy stuff that, you know, these business leaders or authoritarians or, you know, whatever it is.
00:13:28.200And they're doing spicy tweets at the same time they're doing reporting.
00:13:54.680If you were to just look at the last hundred stories by the New York Times on technology or even capitalism writ large, it's going to be negative.
00:14:04.420You know, it's such a good point because I remember watching Newsnight, which is a very famous political BBC daily show.
00:14:10.920I don't even think it's actually in existence anymore.
00:14:13.300And I remember, I can't remember what the issue was, but Emily Maitlis, who is meant to be impartial because she's a BBC journalist, did a monologue to camera about what she thought about this particular issue.
00:14:23.340And I remember just being so angry because I was thinking it is not your job for you to give me your opinion.
00:14:29.340It is your job as a BBC to hold the neutral position, bring in people with different opinions and moderate a discussion.
00:14:37.040And actually what you've done by doing this is betray the mission of the BBC.
00:14:41.820Yeah, I think if you look at podcasting, back to podcasting, people understand Joe Rogan's a comedian who has a passion for MMA fighting and he is a commentator and a sportscaster.
00:14:55.960So I think they probably go in with the understanding that he's just having a conversation.
00:15:21.600You're all paying for that through your taxes.
00:15:24.380So if you're paying for it through your taxes, you would hope that they would have some rules of the road there, right?
00:15:30.160We have a similar discussion here with public radio, where the government does give modest funding, not to the level of funding the BBC here in the United States.
00:16:34.860There are people who write in their journal every day because it gives them equanimity and nobody reads it.
00:16:40.280And then there are people who write on social media, long posts, and 100 of their friends read it and go, wow, this person is incredibly funny, but 100 people read it.
00:16:49.000And then there are people who write for the New York Times or BBC or write books.
00:16:52.220You've got a book coming out on teaching.
00:16:54.700We'll look forward to that, August 25th.
00:18:55.320Well, speaking of talent, on your podcast, one of the things that I really like about the All In podcast is I've had my battles with David Sachs about Ukraine and stuff like that.
00:19:04.000But one of the things you guys do is you have your battles on air as four guys that actually respect each other and like each other.
00:19:17.780And so that's kind of what I'm asking is we know all the data now shows that America and much of the rest of the Western world actually is polarizing very rapidly in terms of who people marry,
00:19:28.660in terms of who people hang out with, in terms of the kind of differences of opinion that people will tolerate in friendships even.
00:19:34.980But you guys, you do duke it out and you have disagreements.
00:19:38.880Is that an important thing for people to be doing now, to disagree respectfully but publicly?
00:19:46.700I mean, one of the great pieces of feedback I've gotten from the first four years of this All In podcast is my friends and I, like, listen to it every week.
00:19:57.840And we debate it and we get into arguments about Ukraine and Putin and, you know, we debate Trump versus Biden, Kamala, the hot swap, all this stuff.
00:20:09.620And if we can show people that you could have a debate and still be friends, I guess that's a good thing.
00:20:16.440And it's kind of weird for me because as a Gen Xer, you know, you would go to Thanksgiving and I'd have two of my Irish uncles, you know, who were for Reagan or Bush and then another two or three who were, you know, for Clinton or whatever.
00:20:33.780Everybody could debate an issue or two and then just move on and still be friends.
00:20:37.860And so I think, you know, this polarization and the extremes has a lot to do with social media.
00:20:44.460If you are tribal and you pick a side, you're going to get a lot more followers than if you're nuanced.
00:20:49.920You know, if you were to ask me a question about Ukraine specifically, I would be like, yeah, you know, we should, I'd have a very nuanced take.
00:21:00.260Like, yeah, maybe we shouldn't put NATO on Russia's doorstep.
00:21:05.860But conversely, it does make sense to me that free countries should be able to join NATO if they want to.
00:21:13.480Why should a dictator get to choose that?
00:21:17.400And so having a tolerance for ambiguity is like one of the highest forms of intelligence is if you can keep these disparate ideas in your head with that and not have to pick a side.
00:21:28.180The problem is, you know, the world wants you to pick a side.
00:21:31.680And if you do pick a side, the bells go off.
00:21:52.500And so it would be very easy for me to come out for Trump and to go to the rallies with my friends and tell you, oh, my God, Trump is the answer for everything.
00:24:53.820His strategy to get the Republican Party to take on the causes of the working man and woman in the United States was a brilliant masterstroke.
00:25:03.860Steve Bannon is a genius in that regard.
00:25:06.580He took the Republican Party, which stood for big business, and flipped them and had them represent and become a populist party.
00:25:14.920That was absolutely stunningly brilliant.
00:25:17.740You know, one thing I want to ask you about that, because I think that's a really accurate assessment.
00:25:54.620I think they're in the process of doing it.
00:25:56.420I think what you'll see come out of all of this is race to the center.
00:26:00.800I think people are realizing the trick of using the extremes of each party, the extremes on the left or the extremes of the right, that that hack has been burnt out.
00:26:11.200So Trump was able to win the primaries by going after evangelicals.
00:26:15.360He promised them he would overturn Roe v. Wade.
00:26:17.460He promised them he would get two or three people on the Supreme Court specifically to overturn a woman's right to choose.
00:26:38.480But he told this group of people, and he won that.
00:26:42.000Remember the primary had to beat like 12 candidates who were, remember the, I don't know if you saw the Republican debates in that 2016 era.
00:26:49.540I mean, it was like, who's not running?
00:26:52.160It was, they couldn't even fit that many people on stage.
00:31:04.260Um, but in the United States, it's incredibly insincere.
00:31:07.980Both sides could solve this issue, and they've manipulated the public.
00:31:11.920All you have to do is say, there are really three buckets of people who can come into this, who we need to address coming into the country.
00:31:19.940There are people who are in line properly.
00:31:24.560And then there are people who are refugees who are leaving a country where they would be murdered if they went back.
00:31:30.660And then there's talent recruitment, getting the best and brightest into this country.
00:31:36.360And if I was running for president, I'd say, look, we have three groups here.
00:31:41.240We want to have the most talented entrepreneurs in the world.
00:31:43.900So anybody with a PhD and master's degree, and this is what I asked Trump about, and he said, I guarantee you, I'll give a green card.
00:31:51.200I don't know if you saw that clip when he was on the show.
00:31:53.640Now, they walked it back a bit because their party needs to be xenophobic and maintain this position that all the jobs are being stolen by these low-wage workers who are coming to the United States.
00:32:06.980But we should be recruiting the best and brightest, especially from communist countries, dictatorships, authoritarian countries.
00:32:14.120Why? For every smart person we take out of China, Russia, North Korea, any dictatorship they're on, they lose a smart person, we gain a smart person.
00:34:07.500And your point about Trump and jobs, I think that's more of a 2016 talking point, if I'm being honest.
00:34:13.360Right now, what I hear out of the right in America, just as an outside observer, feel free to correct me, is basically Elon has forced the right to adopt what I think is a very sensible position, which is we're pro-high levels of high-quality immigration, and we're totally against illegal immigration.
00:34:33.460Yeah, I think Trump is doing what he does.
00:34:35.800He is pandering to the crowd, and he's adapted his position to win this year, which is what politicians do.
00:36:40.460We're using debt to build a business or to invest in an economy.
00:36:43.900So if you were going to, I don't know, build some infrastructure, this beautiful house that you guys have here in Austin, I don't know how well this podcast is doing.
00:37:32.940I mean, if you want to be happy in life, I think living below your means and controlling your expectations is super important.
00:37:41.800Uh, uh, Elon always had a funny thing he would say, like, um, happiness is expectations minus reality equals happiness.
00:37:51.220So, like, if you put your expectation that we're all going to be flying on private jets and have three homes and be famous, like, you're going to be pretty disappointed.
00:38:00.680I think austerity and living below your means is virtuous.
00:38:04.300Um, and I can tell you, having had many friends get very, very wealthy, like, uncomprehendable wealth.
00:38:26.780I mean, he kind of laughs at how ridiculous his pay is.
00:38:30.800Um, so, uh, I can tell you, like, when you go out and you have a steak or, like, a hamburger, there's no difference between, like, four or five people going out and having a hamburger and, like, two or three of them are billionaires, two or three of them are not, or just millionaires.
00:38:47.500And then one or two people are just, you know, civilians, working class folk, which is how I grew up.
00:38:52.940Um, yeah, it's no difference in the hamburger and the joy of it.
00:38:56.800Or if you go skiing or if you go for a walk or you hold your kid, you have a two and a half year old, like, same experience.
00:39:04.320And if you actually have this overwhelming amount of wealth, it creates massive anxiety and unhappiness in most people I know who make a lot of money.
00:39:15.020Because they've worked really hard and they believe that if they became famous or got to a million subscribers on their YouTube channel, all the noise and insecurity would go away.
00:39:25.680And once they had the money and they had the plane and the house, the noise would go away and the insecurity and the doubt would go away.
00:39:34.100And then it doesn't, which then magnifies it.
00:40:03.580I will say, like, you know, if you do not have to worry, because I lived with my parents having to live paycheck to paycheck, week to week, day to day sometimes, that does create an underlying fear.
00:40:15.900And I grew up with a fear of running out of money.
00:40:19.000And I think it was probably why I was driven in business.
00:40:21.340And a lot of the people I know who are the most driven are the people who come from that circumstance.
00:40:26.640And in fact, it's kind of a trope in our industry that the kids of immigrants are the best people to bet on because their parents were just scared to death.
00:40:35.700Are they going to get kicked out of the country?
00:40:37.040We have to work and we have to meet this child, get into an Ivy League school.
00:40:41.120It's the only way that we're going to survive as a family and the bravery it takes to leave your home country and go to America or another country, in your case, Russia, and then going to England.
00:40:51.240Like, this takes an amount of chutzpah and fearlessness.
00:40:56.060And, yeah, if you can do that and then raise your kids with that same fear and paranoia, they're going to be really great entrepreneurs.
00:41:04.300Well, actually, that's a good question for you because, you know, you had the trauma as a young man watching your father's business be taken away.
00:43:05.840If you talk to any successful entrepreneur or even somebody in the entertainment industry, which is incredibly entrepreneurial, you will see some sort of like trauma there that filled that battery and made them go.
00:43:17.880And sometimes the harder it was for them, the harder they'll work because you have that fear.
00:44:09.240And so I do think gratitude is one of those ways to fill that hole.
00:44:13.740And then whatever trauma you had is a 15-year-old who now has to hop the turnstile and commit a crime because their dad lost their job through no fault of their own.
00:44:24.660And then you see your hero who's supposed to protect the family.
00:44:28.840They have no armor and they have no sword.
00:44:33.160It's literally what happened to both of us.
00:44:34.900It is the hardest thing to see that happen to your dad because you could see it in their face that they know that you know that they failed.
00:44:43.820I mean, let it sink in how hard that is.
00:44:46.400Well, you have the opposite problem, which is why I brought this up, which is you're very successful and you've got three kids.
00:44:52.480And this is one of the things I've been wondering.
00:44:54.320A lot of people, there's a lot of conspiracies always about families that have managed to preserve wealth and the right mindset through the generations.
00:45:03.000The Rockefellers, the Rothschilds, they're all kind of, they're usually treated with suspicion because it's so bloody hard to pass down that attitude over generations.
00:45:12.620How do you do that when they're living in the lap of luxury?
00:45:17.000Well, maybe don't live in the lap of luxury, I think, is part of it.
00:45:20.320So, you know, when I travel with the girls, you know, we could afford to fly business class, obviously, and we fly coach.
00:45:31.480Because I have friends whose kids have never flown on a commercial.