Tim Weiner won the 1988 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting as an investigative reporter at the Philadelphia Inquirer on black-budget spending at the Pentagon and the CIA. He s a graduate from the School of Journalism at Columbia University and has written many different books, including Legacy of Ashes, The History of the CIA, Enemies, the history of the FBI, One Man Against the World, The Tragedy of Richard Nixon, and his recent book, The Foley and the Glory: America, Russia and the Political Warfare, 1945-2020.
00:00:00.880There's been a unanimous conclusion by all the American intelligence services that Russia tried to monkey wrench the 2016 election to help elect Trump.
00:00:10.560Are you saying that Russia is still a bigger enemy to the U.S. than China is today?
00:00:15.060Why didn't Donald Trump pay taxes? I'm a New Yorker. I've known this guy since the 70s. He's a con man.
00:00:22.140Whether you like the way he lives his personal life, I mean, if you think that never happened, you're a fool.
00:00:26.760All right, we'll stipulate that Donald Trump is not a saint. Go on.
00:00:29.680This guy's a billionaire. He parties. They love him. He's great. He's always on TV. Letterman, Leno.
00:00:34.380Why the hell would you run for office and ruin your life?
00:00:37.320He's a wrecking ball. He was trying to build a luxury hotel in partnership with the Soviet government.
00:00:44.080We still have to have a bet. So how about we make the bet on the presidency? Are you confident enough to make it Biden-Trump?
00:00:49.200I'm not happy about it, but I'm going to vote for Biden. Our democracy is in trouble, my friend. It's under attack.
00:00:54.380It's under attack by the Russians and it's under attack by the president of the United States.
00:00:59.680My guest today won the 1988 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting as an investigative reporter at the Philadelphia Inquirer on black budget spending at the Pentagon and the CIA.
00:01:11.740He's a graduate from School of Journalism at Columbia University.
00:01:15.820He's written many different books, Legacy of Ashes, The History of the CIA, Enemies, The History of the FBI, One Man Against the World, The Tragedy of Richard Nixon,
00:01:24.660and his recent book, The Foley and the Glory, America, Russia and the Political Warfare, 1945 to 2020.
00:01:32.840My guest today, Tim Weiner. Tim, thank you so much for being a guest on Valuetainment.
00:01:39.060Okay. So, Tim, some of us wake up in the morning and we want to follow stats on the NBA to find out who had a good game yesterday in baseball.
00:01:48.120Some want to read a comic book. Some want to Netflix and chill. Some want to read a romance novel.
00:01:53.600Why are you so obsessed with studying the CIA and the FBI?
00:01:56.820Well, I'll tell you, when I was a younger reporter, way back in the 20th century, I became very interested in what was going on in the Reagan administration.
00:02:09.560They were selling weapons to the Iranian Revolutionary Guard, skimming the profits and giving them to the anti-communist guerrillas in Central America.
00:02:21.060And people got in a lot of trouble for that, including the President of the United States.
00:02:27.040So, I wanted to know, how did the secret operations of the government work?
00:02:31.280The biggest secret operation of the time, 1987, was the CIA was sending hundreds of millions of dollars of weapons to the Afghan Mujahideen,
00:02:42.960and the Holy Warriors, in Afghanistan, who were fighting the Soviet Army, who had occupied Afghanistan at the end of 1979.
00:02:52.360So, reporters didn't go to Afghanistan, not with the Mujahideen.
00:02:56.520Maybe they'd fly in with the Red Army, in the Kabul, but they didn't go into the side of the Afghan rebels.
00:03:03.940I said, well, I'm young, wasn't married then, didn't have any kids then.
00:03:09.400So, before I went off to Afghanistan, I called up the CIA that was running this huge COVID operation, so huge that, you know, it was hard to conceal it.
00:03:21.820It was like trying to hide an elephant with a handkerchief.
00:03:24.920So, I called up the public information officer at the CIA.
00:03:30.700There is a public information officer at our most secret intelligence agency, the CIA.
00:03:36.440And I said, hey, I'm going off to Afghanistan, and you guys often do country briefings for journalists who are going off to strange countries.
00:04:53.560I decided that I was going to cover the CIA like other reporters covered the cops or the courts.
00:05:01.060And that's what I've done for most of the rest of my life since then.
00:05:03.840Tim, let me ask you, did they ever try to recruit you?
00:05:06.560Did CIA ever say, well, if a guy like this, you have the courage to go out there and do this, what if we come recruit you?
00:05:12.380No, you know, that's a nice fantasy, but no, it never happened that way.
00:05:17.460You know, people don't really understand what the CIA is, what the CIA does.
00:05:22.620They think it's either, you know, James Bond flies into a foreign capital, makes love to a beautiful woman, has two martinis, overthrows the government, leaves on the midnight plane.
00:05:46.360Sometimes the fate of nations is at stake.
00:05:48.500You know, you know, from your own personal history, your family history, that the CIA decided it would be a good idea to overthrow the freely elected leader of Iran in 1953.
00:07:33.660Because Vladimir Putin is running a multitude of covert operations, trying to damage our democracy.
00:07:40.400Pick up paper, turn on the news, see it happening every day.
00:07:44.040He ran probably the most brilliant covert operation since the Trojan horse back in the last election, rubbing salt in our wounds, deepening our divisions.
00:08:39.100So, the question I would have for you, for somebody that is running a business, I'm running a couple businesses myself, and the audience is a lot in the world of business.
00:09:10.960So, we all saw Russia as the big enemy.
00:09:14.320But from my perspective and what I see, and I'm curious to know what you think about this,
00:09:17.840it seems to me that that position of enemy of the state or enemy of the world today has been, you know, Russia's been dethroned today by China.
00:09:29.700It seems to me that even on the left and the right, what they both agree on, they don't agree on a lot.
00:10:23.380Since the 1960s, Chinese spies in America have been desperately trying to steal technological knowledge, technological expertise, trade secrets.
00:10:37.420The Russians have a completely different outlook on how they run their espionage and intelligence operations.
00:13:09.140So their outcome is more, let's create wealth and become the most powerful economic nation in the world, et cetera, et cetera.
00:13:16.480Russia's attacking national secret agencies, whether it's CIA, FBI, disinformation, that's what they're doing.
00:13:25.980And in U.S., you kind of talked about the angle of propaganda as the greatest country in the world, you know, American drama, all this other stuff.
00:13:44.020What vision are they trying to turn into a reality?
00:13:47.060You and I are old enough, certainly I am, to remember when China was desperately poor.
00:13:55.880And in the 1970s, Nixon went to China, as you know.
00:13:59.480And the desired effect, the desired outcome, as you say, of Nixon's rapprochement with Russia was to divide Russia and China.
00:14:12.680There was still a belief then that Russia and China were a global monolith of communism trying to overthrow American democracy.
00:14:23.440Well, come to find out, through good intelligence produced by the CIA, Russia and China have hated each other's guts since the end of World War II.
00:14:37.340So it was imperative for the Chinese to try and create wealth, to try and lift their country up from mass starvation and poverty, which existed well into the 1970s.
00:14:51.700And one way they do this is to send tens of thousands of students and businessmen into the United States.
00:15:03.020And a surprisingly large percentage of those people are told by the Chinese government and by Chinese intelligence.
00:16:00.680One is the sleeper agent who comes over, lives a normal life with a fake passport and a fake identity, pretending to be anything but a Russian spy.
00:16:13.820Now, the FBI investigation called Ghost Stories turned into a very popular TV series, The Americans.
00:16:21.780Everybody knows how that works, the sleeper agent, right?
00:16:25.820Then there are people posing as diplomats who are spies, right?
00:16:30.580They're not the second secretary of the Russian embassy in Washington.
00:16:35.340They're not, you know, the second in command of the Russian delegation of the United Nations.
00:16:42.340They're spies working for Vladimir Putin, and they are attempting to recruit Americans to work for them.
00:16:50.360They have been very, very good at this.
00:16:53.820One of the stories I tell in The Folly and the Glory is how the Russians and the Soviets before them cleaned America's clock going back to the 1930s, in the 30s, in the 40s, in the 50s.
00:17:07.560They had spies at the Manhattan Project, and they stole the secret of the atomic bomb.
00:17:12.920They had spies at the State Department.
00:17:14.600They had spies at the Pentagon, at the FBI, at the OSS, the wartime intelligence service that became the CIA.
00:17:21.760In the 70s and 80s and 90s, they had the chief of Soviet counterintelligence at the CIA, Alder James, was a spy for the Kremlin.
00:17:31.640The head of the counterintelligence branch of the FBI, who was in charge of spying on the Soviets, Robert Hansen, he was working from the Kremlin from 1979 to 2001.
00:17:46.440They have penetrated our society, and they continue to do it today.
00:17:51.660The third kind of Russian agent is the agent of influence.
00:17:57.600For example, in 1937, a United States congressman named Samuel Dickstein, who represented the Lower East Side here in New York, where I live, who was chairman of the House Immigration and Naturalization Committee.
00:18:11.480He walked into the Soviet embassy, sat down with the Soviet ambassador, a United States congressman, and said, I can do things for you.
00:18:20.680I can sell you fake passports for your spies.
00:18:23.500I can hold hearings against Stalin's enemies here in the United States.
00:18:39.800And that is the third kind of Russian spy inside the United States.
00:18:43.940And that's someone in a position of power and authority who can affect public opinion or public policy that aids Russia.
00:18:54.240And I submit to you, I'm not alone in saying this now, so buckle up.
00:19:00.300President Trump's National Security Advisor, H.R. McMaster, the former head of the CIA, Mike Hayden, the former head of the CIA who succeeded him, John Brennan, and the multitude of former CIA and FBI officers that I talked to for this book agree that the President of the United States, today, the man in the White House, is an agent of influence for Russia.
00:19:27.580And that is a national security nightmare.
00:19:31.780You're saying President Trump is an agent of influence for Russia right now?
00:19:37.220This is the definition of an agent of influence.
00:21:05.360And as I said, the people I've talked to for this book on the record and the people I've talked to for a podcast I've done based on this book called Whirlwind, on the record, former heads of the CIA, former chiefs of Russian operations at the CIA, former FBI counterintelligence agents, Trump's own national security advisor, H.R. McMaster.
00:21:27.700They say that Trump is aiding and abetting Putin.
00:22:39.180And the reason for it is motivation, meaning you will be desperate to make a deal that may be...
00:22:45.820Worse than that, look, the Russian intelligence services are very good at penetrating financial institutions, okay?
00:22:56.200They have a very close and very illicit set of relationships with Deutsche Bank, the German bank that loaned hundreds of millions of dollars to Donald Trump after his sixth bankruptcy when no one else would touch him.
00:23:10.520They know who Donald Trump owes that money to, and they can hold this over his head, compromising information, compromise, as they would put it.
00:25:57.680Is there any other ones that you have outside of those three?
00:26:00.520Okay, so that hotel, that luxury hotel in Moscow, Trump was still trying to build it in 2015 and 2016 when he was running for president.
00:26:12.160He was going to make a lot of money off that hotel.
00:26:14.820He was looking at $300 million, which is about the sum of money that he's personally liable for on debts that are coming due two, three years from now.
00:26:25.820His business associate in this, a convicted felon named Felix Sater, who happened to be in partnership, business partnership, with the Trump organization, dangled a $50 million penthouse at the top of this hotel in front of Putin.
00:26:47.420Donald Trump said at the time he was running for president that he had no business interests in Russia, but he did.
00:26:55.820A major business interest that if it had gone through and he didn't become president, which looked like a pretty good bet four years ago, right?
00:27:07.400It would heal him financially, this deal.
00:27:40.640Now, you'll recall that in the spring of 2017, Donald Trump fired the FBI director, Jim Cohn.
00:27:50.260And he said on TV with Lester Holt on NBC News that he'd fired him because the FBI was investigating the connections between Team Trump and Team Putin in the 2016 campaign.
00:28:03.760This set off a rather large red flag at the FBI headquarters.
00:28:08.260The bureau, the FBI, had just been decapitated.
00:28:14.600It was because of the Russia investigation.
00:28:17.560So at that time, it took about 12 days, time between Comey's firing and the appointment of Robert Mueller as the special counsel.
00:28:25.420With a very limited brief, to look into connections between Team Trump and Team Putin.
00:28:32.500Mueller never looked at his financials.
00:28:34.220At FBI headquarters, the senior counterintelligence agent who was going to run this case, said it was like those 12 days were like the Cuban Missile Crisis.
00:28:46.800The difference was that the Cuban Missile Crisis lasted 13 days.
00:28:52.960Because the FBI set out, can you imagine how hard this was, to mount a counterintelligence investigation of the President of the United States to determine the answer to the questions I just raised.
00:30:48.480So, you know, for us, you know, the painting behind me has got two books on the table that they're debating and all these folks that are debating there.
00:31:19.400So for me, I like to hear from both sides, and I like to bring people here from both sides to kind of hear.
00:31:24.880If we want to do a debate on capitalism, I'll bring Richard Wolff, and we'll talk for 90 minutes.
00:31:29.220I'll bring Slavoj Zizek to talk about communism, and I'll bring somebody on the capitalist side.
00:31:33.720Let's just kind of talk about it and see what's out there.
00:31:35.700What do you say to the recent report that came 24 hours ago?
00:31:39.280Intelligence official urged Trump's spy chief not to disclose unverified Russian claims about Clintons.
00:31:45.120Officials at CIA, NSA, and Office of Director of National Intelligence warned disclosure to Congress would give credibility to Kremlin-backed material.
00:31:53.440And here's a statement that was made on September 7th by Graham asking a question to Comey.
00:31:59.540You don't remember getting an investigatory lead from the intelligence community?
00:32:05.540U.S. intelligence officials forwarded an investigative referrals to James Comey and his team regarding Clinton's approval of a plan about Trump as a means of distraction.
00:32:36.240I bring this up because I had an FBI agent on the other day, probably a month and a half ago, and he came across as somebody that wasn't too, he was a little bit embarrassed about talking about being an FBI agent.
00:32:50.600He's the guy that took McDonald's down.
00:32:52.120I don't know if you remember when McDonald's had that whole Monopoly scandal with $24 million where the guy was holding on to the Monopoly thing and FBI eventually got a, anyway.
00:33:00.220So he was one of the FBI agents that did that.
00:33:24.520Let's talk about the first part of what you said.
00:33:26.700What you said today is that the guy who Trump appointed very recently to be the director of national intelligence, the congressman named John Ratcliffe, and John Ratcliffe knows about as much about intelligence as I know about theoretical astrophysics, which is to say not a lot.
00:33:47.300Trump put him there to control the flow of intelligence about what Russia is doing to us right now, my friend.
00:33:56.700Trump put him there to control the flow of intelligence from Congress and from the American people.
00:34:02.180John Ratcliffe two days ago took a piece of Russian disinformation.
00:34:10.420Specifically, the idea that Hillary Clinton monkey wrenched the 2016 election and said it uncorroborated.
00:34:20.980person uncorroborated, identified as Russian disinformation, had a big, like, do not believe
00:34:30.660sticker stamped on it by the CIA and the FBI, and he fed it into the public consciousness.
00:34:38.700Why? To make us believe that there are no facts and there is no truth.
00:34:44.480Let me take you back. Do you remember when Trump and Putin were in Helsinki?
00:51:26.920After he settled the Korean War, which he did in the first weeks of his presidency, not a single American soldier died of shot and shell combat under President Eisenhower.
00:55:44.900So I don't disagree with you on the fact that you can never take Russia lightly because Russia's motivation is to be the most powerful regime in the world.