00:02:00.680That would not be allowed as a result of this bill.
00:02:03.080And it responds to cases where this has happened.
00:02:05.060It does not apply to doctors and nurses.
00:02:06.860It doesn't apply in a case where the patient has asked for information about something.
00:02:12.020It only applies if those conditions are met.
00:02:14.820position of authority or trust, not a doctor or nurse, and the patient has not asked for
00:02:20.880information about it. I think in principle, everybody should actually be able to agree
00:02:25.340that these instances of aid coercion involving people that are, for the most part, outside
00:02:32.860of the medical system, involving misuse of that position of trust, most people would,
00:02:38.840I think, agree that that shouldn't happen. And yet it continues to happen. We continue
00:02:41.860to hear stories. And it impacts people who are seeking public services that they're entitled to
00:02:48.100that feel this pressure in those contexts. Why dial it back, though, in terms of
00:02:53.760exempting nurses and doctors if the patient itself is not requesting that service?
00:02:58.260Yeah, that's a great question. Simple answer. I am doing the math in this parliament. I'm looking
00:03:05.380at the fact that it's a liberal majority government right now, unfortunately, not a
00:03:11.260majority that people voted for, incidentally. But I have to look at Parliament as it is.
00:03:15.620I have to look at the reality that my own views are not necessarily shared by a majority in
00:03:22.720Parliament. So yeah, in an ideal world, I would like to establish the principle that
00:03:28.420facilitated death is never brought up by anyone other than the person themselves.
00:03:36.160I will say the conduct of doctors and nurses can be regulated through provincial colleges.
00:03:42.160So we've seen action in Alberta, Bill 18.
00:03:45.320Bill 18 is an excellent bill, and it includes those kinds of restrictions on the conduct of doctors and nurses.
00:03:53.920So the exemption does not come from sort of a determination of the ideal.
00:03:57.680It's just my practical assessment of what is most likely to pass in this parliament.
00:04:03.160And you think you'll have local support on that?
00:04:05.240I think we have written a bill that has the best chance of passing in this parliament while still moving in a positive direction.
00:04:12.420That's what you always try to do, right?
00:04:14.040You don't want to have a bill that does nothing.
00:04:17.620And you don't want to have a bill that in the process of trying to do everything can't succeed.
00:04:23.420You want to find something in the middle that still pushes the envelope but has a good chance of success.
00:04:29.720I'm not certain that the government will support it, mind you.
00:04:33.620The initial indications at the first hour of debate were a little bit more negative from the government,
00:04:39.220which is why I think it's very important for people to contact their MPs.
00:04:43.900And look, if we are able to pass the bill at second reading, it goes to committee for further study.
00:04:48.560That provides a venue for people that have been affected by this kind of coercion to speak and make their case.
00:04:53.900And probably many of those people will make the case for even further strengthening the bill and removing some of these exceptions.
00:04:59.200But it will be up to those people to make that case and up to the committee to decide at that point.
00:05:04.160The first step is second reading where we vote on the bill in principle.
00:05:08.240And there's a lot of room to negotiate over specific provisions after that.
00:05:12.140But we have to get it passed at that vote at second reading before it goes to the kind of further study and working out the wording stage at committee.
00:08:30.080Look, I'm with the Conservative Party.
00:08:32.920I think what we're offering is on every front, on economic issues as well as on cultural issues and on protecting human dignity, is much superior to what the liberals offer.
00:08:44.720I think the legacy of the Trudeau government and the continuing legacy of the Kearney government on issues of facilitated death, for example, is very, very bad.
00:08:57.980um i'm uh i'm also doing my best to be uh constructive in the context of this parliament
00:09:06.040and um and and all members of our party are trying to do that trying to say okay
00:09:12.340even in the midst of large areas of disagreement can we find areas where where some common ground
00:09:19.660is possible um i didn't i didn't put everything that i believe about facilitated death into one
00:09:25.840bill i tried to put forward a bill that would get some support within the liberal caucus now we'll
00:09:33.380see if it does i don't know um i would i would rather we're in a situation where we had a
00:09:39.480conservative government i think we could we could uh um get more done for canadians on a broad
00:09:45.540spectrum of things um but i think i think it's possible to say both that the legacy of the
00:09:53.440government on these issues has been very negative and also to say we're going to try to do the best
00:09:58.200we can in the context where we are. So anything or a bill or anything perhaps that can come out
00:10:03.200from a future amendment or a future bill on its own, we just discussed off camera briefly,
00:10:07.940the National Post reported a case where Dr. James McLean evaluated someone for MAID
00:10:16.520and its importance location. So of course that's off-site from the traditional medical
00:10:23.000environment uh anything are you looking towards in terms you know addressing in terms of the
00:10:27.720environment of where that process happens not just the person involved but the environment itself
00:10:34.040yeah it's a good question and i think let's just put it in the context of the larger issue of the
00:10:38.800assessment that's supposed to happen um because when facilitated death was legalized and i i've
00:10:46.040been in problems since 2015 so i've been here all the way through the process um the framework they
00:10:52.160established was any two doctors signing off constitutes approval. There was no consideration
00:10:59.140of kind of the nature of the examination that the doctors had to undertake to come to those
00:11:04.540conclusions or how many doctors could assess them before you found two who agreed. Because there's
00:11:10.400a big difference between, you know, person met with one doctor, the doctor agreed they met the
00:11:16.000criteria, then they met with another doctor and that doctor agreed they met the criteria. There's
00:11:19.320There's a big difference between that and someone who consults dozens of doctors, all
00:11:23.920of whom says no, and then they find two people representative of much more fringe opinion
00:11:31.180who agree to sign off because there's a spectrum of opinion within the medical profession.
00:11:35.600There are a small number of people who have a real kind of extreme activist mentality
00:15:19.600And I basically gave this speech at the time back in 2015.
00:15:23.640I said that we need to have mechanisms to ensure that what is supposed to happen or is not supposed to happen under this legislation is actually happening.
00:18:50.660So let's talk about the nature of MAID and how it's seen in Canada and even
00:18:55.960outside of Canada as well. I mean, if you look at even some media on an
00:19:00.840international level, whether it be media focused on social issues or just
00:19:04.860international media overall, BBC has covered the fact that MAID is the leading
00:19:10.000cause of debt in Canada. And overall, there's a lot of questions in
00:19:15.900terms of what that is. What do you think is, in a nuanced sense, what do you think is driving,
00:19:21.400besides of course the expanded eligibility, the inauguration of the program in frankly more
00:19:28.680recent history, what is the drivers? Like why are so many people opting for MAID?
00:19:36.180Yeah, I mean the information we have indicates that numbers are continuously going up in this
00:19:45.380country. Further, you mentioned the international context. Canada has become a real cautionary tale
00:19:51.960in international debate. Certainly, if you talk to politicians across the spectrum, on the right
00:19:59.380and on the left in other countries, generally there's a lot of shock about what exists now
00:20:07.080in Canada. And various international disability rights bodies have really highlighted Canada's
00:20:14.540failure to uphold the rights of people with disabilities in light of the facilitated death
00:20:19.060system in particular, track two. It's sad to see what's been happening, the lack of protections,
00:20:25.760the lack of affirmation of the dignity of all people, the challenges people with disabilities
00:20:32.540are facing, even trying to access public services and having death posed to them instead. So these
00:20:41.320are all issues we need to address at a policy level. I mean, I think there are other kind
00:20:51.860of social challenges that may be contributing to these numbers. I'm a big believer in the
00:20:59.400ideas of Viktor Frankl, the importance of meaning to human well-being. And I think having
00:21:09.400a society that affirms the universal dignity of the human person and the meaning of human
00:21:17.760life, even in the midst of suffering, is very important and it's sometimes lacking.
00:21:26.320We should not allow ourselves to become Benthamites in believing that life is just about pleasure
00:21:33.220over pain. The essence of human life is about meaning and purpose. And it is possible, it
00:21:43.360is very common for people to have meaningful lives in the midst of suffering. So I don't
00:21:50.040know that we always do a good job of conveying that message.
00:21:54.780By we mean the government, the liberal classes of all?
00:21:57.940I mean, there often is this message from elite institutions that human dignity is negotiable
00:22:06.000or it's dependent on experience, whereas I believe that human dignity is inherent in
00:22:11.240the human person, that human life has dignity, has meaning, has value, and that people who
00:22:17.860are in the midst of suffering can identify and find immense meaning in their lives and
00:22:26.000their ability to contribute to others and the community around them in constructive ways.
00:22:32.560So I think the discourse around meaning could be developed and enhanced in ways that would
00:22:40.800provide solace to people who are navigating points of suffering in their life.
00:22:46.800So I think there's a few different elements of it.
00:22:48.560But look, the biggest problem with the facilitated death system is that we, at no point along the way has the government, the elected government, asked the question, has this gone too far?
00:23:05.700They're always asking the question, how can we go further?
00:23:08.980And the baffling thing to me about this is, like, that's always the direction of questioning.
00:23:14.860instead of saying like their question is always is there one case of a person who
00:23:21.260who maybe should have been able to die who wasn't instead of asking the question
00:23:26.880what are we going to do about these many cases of people that were pressured to die
00:23:31.400or or or told directly or indirectly that their life wasn't valuable when what they wanted was
00:23:38.360actually to be able to continue and what they needed to hear was an affirmation of their human
00:23:42.460Do you think, besides there being drivers that have to do with social and economic factors,
00:23:49.080now we get this data annually in terms of how many people are opting into MAID and successfully
00:25:53.660Well, our party has always had and will always have free votes on these kinds of issues of conscience.
00:26:00.860So I think there would be a wide consensus around some of the problems.
00:26:08.400There would be some aspects of the system that there would be differences of opinion within our party, and I don't think there's anything wrong with that.
00:26:18.020Is that like an East-West divide in terms of the more diverse of PC versus that?
00:26:23.800I mean, you can, I can't remember off hand, but if you look back over the votes we've had on these issues, there has been diversity of opinion reflected, not just in sort of blocks, like people from here think this, no, it hasn't, you can maybe say in certain cases there are trends, but there's been diversity of perspective on the issue.
00:26:46.400Now, also, I think perspectives will reflect emerging evidence.
00:26:55.760And we've seen emerging evidence of some of the significant problems.
00:27:02.900So, you know, I think what would happen in the case of a conservative government?
00:27:07.680I mean, I think you can see areas where there is consensus and areas where there's maybe a diversity of perspective.
00:27:13.140and I think that would then be reflective
00:27:18.260in votes that would be taken on the issue.
00:27:21.500But a parliament with a different configuration
00:27:23.360obviously would have a much stronger chance