00:00:00.000Today, we will explore the extraordinary nature of Alberta and the West, how it's different from the East and largely ignored in Canada.
00:00:08.900That character comes from a remarkable story of two great, very different continental civilizations coming together 150 years ago in the vision of some incredibly smart people.
00:00:21.900If fully embraced, that character can be an incredible contributor to a nation. Welcome to a nation of people.
00:00:30.000Hi, I'm Natalie St. Hilaire with me is Randy Royer.
00:00:51.860We are two Albertans very proud of our province and the character of Albertans.
00:00:56.640explain it, describe where it comes from, and explore what it means for nation building.
00:01:03.040Wonderful diverse characters and cultures abound across the country, each contributing to the
00:01:08.800national mosaic. But Alberta's unique strengths and potential contributions are poorly understood and
00:01:16.880far too frequently sidelined. Let's start at the beginning.
00:01:20.240all right randy let's talk about the alberta spirit tell me your thoughts on that one of my
00:01:29.040favorite subjects i am clearly a very proud albertan i love the spirit of alberta we're
00:01:36.240entrepreneurial we get things done we solve problems we do it collaboratively you know
00:01:43.200there's no place in the world that i've ever been where people hold the door for you all the time
00:01:47.360or if your car breaks down on the road people stop to help you oh yeah that's great to hear
00:01:52.720i've always felt very at home and very a lot of camaraderie in this province and so that's would
00:01:58.880you say that's typical of western canada or are there variations across the provinces because i
00:02:04.880i've always also you know thought that was a western canadian thing more than just specifically
00:02:09.520alberta well it's a theme that goes right across western canada there's variations on the theme
00:02:15.120for Saskatchewan, for example, it's kind of like the Alberta character, but it's also got this
00:02:22.820niceness to it, this down-home feel. And you go to a wedding in Saskatchewan and everybody's your
00:02:29.140friend. It's quite remarkable. And the best thing about Alberta is all the people that have moved
00:02:33.460here from Saskatchewan. And then Manitoba, I mean, with their socials, those are the little
00:02:39.880neighborhood block parties that they have, you know, it's just one of the friendliest places
00:02:46.060around. And then British Columbia is, you know, it's particularly outside of the lower mainland
00:02:50.820and Vancouver Island. It's very much like Alberta with just a bit of an exception because they just
00:02:56.940live in one of the nicest places in the world to live and it changes their character just a little
00:03:01.400bit. But it's just, it's very similar. So it's interesting that you use the word character
00:03:06.240because I feel like that's what you're describing here is a different character almost for each
00:03:12.320of the provinces. And, you know, there's like a sense or a feeling depending on where you're at
00:03:19.660that just is somewhat different based on where you're coming from. And like neither of that is
00:03:25.020better or worse than another. It's just different. It's just different. That's exactly right. I've
00:03:31.500been blessed that I have been able to work right across Canada. I was in the hotel business and
00:03:35.740And I built hotels right across in every province, except for not the Yukon and not Prince Edward Island.
00:03:43.520And so I got to know all the different characters.
00:03:45.480And, you know, we talk about the Canadian cultural mosaic, but we also have a character mosaic.
00:03:52.860And because it's Alberta's character that's so different than the East, we kind of get lost on that a little bit.
00:07:53.320But I mean, I think I need to understand like a little bit more to fully buy into the idea that, you know, that's where these differences are emerging.
00:08:59.580So in 1935, what happened was the Americans all wanted decentralization, and of course the Mexicans said, no, we're a centralized country, everything runs out of Mexico City, started a revolution, and that was the Texas Revolution started.
00:09:15.660They eventually, by a stroke of luck, caught Santa Ana with his pants down.
00:09:21.060And I mean that literally, that's how they caught him with his pants down.
00:09:24.540And so they took him back to Mexico City and said, we want our independence.
00:12:34.480So Alberta gets settled after the American Civil War, which is pretty late in the game
00:12:42.180as far as the settling of North America, to my mind.
00:12:45.720Because you've already got the American Revolutions happened, and now you've got the American
00:12:50.280Civil War, which is 100 years later, right?
00:12:54.980So we're almost at 1900, is what I'm trying to say, when Alberta gets settled.
00:12:59.820The west of the continent was getting settled.
00:13:03.100So what happened was that the Canadian government in Ottawa was spurned by Ontario
00:13:11.020because Ontario was realizing that they were going to get encircled.
00:13:14.740So the Americans were moving north, and Ontario was just going to be this little patch of land around the Great Lakes.
00:13:21.080So they decided that they had to get out west and they had to populate it.
00:13:25.140They did the deal with British Columbia to join Confederation, but they had to populate the prairies.
00:13:30.640The prairie, they had a couple of problems.
00:13:32.760So the first problem was how to get there.
00:13:36.020So if you're in Ottawa at the time in 1870, and you want to get to the Canadian prairies, call it southern Alberta,
00:13:42.680you had to take a ferry from Ottawa down the Ottawa River to Montreal.
00:13:48.160From Montreal, you'd get on a steamer, you'd go around Atlantic Canada, down the east coast of the United States, around Florida, back up to the Mississippi.
00:13:57.400And on the Mississippi, you'd get on a paddle wheeler, go up the Mississippi, transfer over to the Missouri River, end up at a place called Fort Benton.
00:14:06.900And then you'd have a two-day wagon train ride from Fort Benton to southern Alberta.
00:14:12.040The Canadian government looked at this and they said, no way can we put an army in Western Canada.
00:14:18.160And the reason is because there's this huge, dense forest in northwestern Ontario.
00:14:23.960In fact, even today, there is a road on the Nipigon Bridge in Ontario
00:14:30.180that is the only connecting point between all of western Canada and all of eastern Canada.
00:16:44.440the Western Canada settled to make it Canadian.
00:16:48.520And the way to do that was to sign treaties.
00:16:51.480And that's where the vision of treaty came in.
00:16:54.620And that's where the intention of treaty came in.
00:16:57.620And my hypothesis is that as the Alberta character
00:17:01.360is the creation of both the vision and intention of treaty.
00:17:05.460So I need to tell you about the vision of treaty, and this comes from my friends in the Indigenous community, that the elders were, I have to put this in perspective first, that as I read it and understand it, the Indigenous communities were strong.
00:17:22.320There was lots of buffalo around, they were doing very well.
00:17:26.260This was not a forced treaty in any way, but they probably did understand what was happening in the U.S. and they didn't want any part of it.0.75
00:17:35.160And when the Northwest Mounted Police came out, they got rid of all the whiskey and gun traders
00:17:41.400from the America, from the United States. And so that was a positive thing for the indigenous1.00
00:17:46.040communities is that the guns and the whiskey were kind of creating havoc in their communities. So1.00
00:17:50.680they were glad that that was pushed out. So they, they decided to do treaties. And the reason that
00:17:56.200the elders wanted to do it because their vision was that they were going to be creating a new
00:18:01.800society it wasn't going to be indigenous it wasn't going to be european but it was going to be a
00:18:06.200blend of best of both and my view is that the blend of best of both is bottom-up governance
00:18:14.040from the indigenous side and respect for the self-sovereignty of the individual and
00:18:20.920on the european side it was free initiative and and free enterprise those are the two best things
00:18:27.640of the European community, if you will.
00:18:30.780And so I look at Alberta today and I think that this is actually
00:19:09.740So that was comes from my friends that are indigenous.
00:19:13.820And what we need to understand is that this is the clash of two civilizations.
00:19:22.160The indigenous call North America Turtle Island.
00:19:24.460And the view of in Turtle Island was the sovereignty was at the individual level.
00:19:31.700In Europe, the sovereignty is with the sovereign, and we've talked about this in other episodes.
00:19:37.340But the clash was that where does the sovereignty reside?
00:19:42.720And there's a book out there that I can't remember the name of it, but what they suggest is the age of enlightenment actually came from the indigenous of North America,
00:19:53.920going to Europe, specifically Scotland and England, and saying,
00:20:00.900why do you let the king have complete control over you?
00:20:07.260I think there's a good sign in colonial Virginia.
00:20:19.940the indigenous have no words for indebted servant.
00:20:24.240or oppressed population. They didn't have that concept because they had pure participation
00:20:31.840democracy. In fact, the Iroquois Confederacy contributed significantly to the American
00:20:39.440Bill of Rights. And in 1988, the Congress actually acknowledged the contribution that
00:20:45.920the Indigenous people made to the creation of their Bill of Rights and their Act of Independence.
00:20:51.440But, I mean, like you're saying a lot of things that are, you know, I want to say buried and hidden and haven't been talked about.
00:20:59.240And also, like, in contrast to maybe what we all believe happened, which is that the founding fathers of America wrote letters back and forth and created the Constitution in America.
00:21:11.160And, you know, they did that in conjunction with some people from France, maybe.
00:21:15.060But you're really saying that it was everybody involved, including the indigenous.
00:21:20.580in their ideas yeah specifically benjamin franklin went to the iroquois confederation
00:21:25.540and asked them how they did their their confet their their democracy in fact it's the iroquois
00:21:31.540confederation at the hadunusine i'm not sure how to say that um it was established in 1144 and it's
00:21:39.140the longest standing participation participatory democracy in the world wow well i know we're
00:21:44.900going to get some indigenous folks on to have conversations with as the show goes on so we'll
00:21:50.580We'll have those conversations and flesh it out a little bit more then, but it always startles me a little bit to hear you talk about this history that I feel like I just haven't been educated on.
00:22:01.180Well, unfortunately, we're not educated, but let me get back to the process of settling Western Canada.
00:22:09.120They had done a deal with the Indigenous.
00:22:12.080They were going to bring people out, but Ontario had a problem.
00:22:15.380they didn't have enough loyal British citizens to populate these vast lands of the West.
00:22:21.600And so what they did was they called out to people from all over Europe
00:22:26.380to come to North America and settle in the Canadian prairies.
00:22:30.780So they didn't have that sense of British loyalty.
00:22:34.540They came here, those people came here, and they came from the Ukraine,
00:22:38.420from Finland, from Italy, from all kinds of places,
00:31:24.620Not at all. If it's recognized at all, it's a problem that needs to be taken care of. It needs to be drowned out. It needs to be gradually gotten rid of. And so the Constitution views the Eastern character as the only character in Canada, and the Trudeau's Constitution just basically doesn't recognize any differences at all in the West and basically structures all of the
00:31:54.620the institutions of the country to basically diminish the Western Canadian character.
00:32:03.200So it actually, it's not that we're left out, it's that we are actively
00:32:07.120trying to be reprogrammed. And that's what the 82 Constitution actually does.
00:32:14.460Well, I can understand why you had a problem with it back in 82.
00:32:18.500Yeah, because it was clear that that was what was going to happen.
00:32:21.680Can you say more about how this is all played out?
00:32:25.960Yeah, just in terms of like, how is it, like, give me an example from the Constitution, right, that has really left Alberta out of, you know, like a factor.
00:32:37.960Well, the national energy policy is probably the first factor that, you know, this is an interesting thing about character.
00:32:47.240And Ontario has this big brother character and Quebec has this Bastion Quebec character.
00:32:57.120And the 82 Constitution and the NEP, we've said this before, we're tied in lockstep.
00:33:05.300And the NEP was an expression to Quebec that they could control the country through Ottawa.
00:33:13.920and the story on NEP was basically that in the 50s, Alberta had found oil and wanted to develop
00:33:21.960the resources. Ontario, to their credit, agreed to pay a little bit more for Alberta oil and gas
00:33:29.220and use Alberta oil and gas. Quebec decided that it wanted to import from foreigners because it
00:33:35.080was cheaper. So then when foreign oil skyrocketed through the embargoes and all that stuff,
00:33:41.600Trudeau tried to basically take the excess value from Canadian crude and subsidize the foreign
00:33:51.480crude for Quebec. So it was absolutely an example of the Canadian character of, you know,
00:34:01.100the colonial character of deferred a leadership. I'll tell you what to do. And Alberta is a colony
00:34:09.500of a colony and being a colony we don't really care what their character is it's kind of like
00:34:15.660feels like being treated like children when you're not children and and the anger that would
00:34:21.420rise up as a result of that okay so you know what it is like that it's like family dynamics in a lot
00:34:26.300of ways right like and siblings and and then you've got parents in ottawa and other people
00:34:30.940being like but i'm a grown-up and all this is going on right and we kind of have to at some
00:34:35.740point, find a way to come to terms with, or look at what a solution might be. So if the West were
00:34:42.840to contribute to the Constitution, if we were to suggest changes, what would they be?
00:34:50.080Well, the first and foremost change is to place the sovereignty with the individuals,
00:34:57.320to get away from this royal prerogative, and we talked about the other day, is we have
00:35:02.700prime ministerial prerogative now uh get away from that and put the power of democracy into
00:35:09.340the hands of the individuals and um i believe that there is a a trend in civilizations across
00:35:17.180the world where people are getting more powerful and the and the governments are becoming less
00:35:22.460powerful and that's the diminution of the nation state and things like that but that's certainly
00:35:27.820that is that is our character that's who we are that's what ontario made us to be uh as you said
00:35:32.940about we're now adult adult children we're not the kids that they created why it's a good idea to
00:35:39.740accept the child that they've created and have us improve their lives and that in turn should spawn
00:35:47.100more entrepreneurship in eastern canada productivity and all that stuff and it can increase prosperity
00:35:54.060I mean, but don't you just feel like this is unreconcilable?
00:35:58.380Like these differences are just fundamentally like their values differences that can't
00:36:05.260work together? My opinion is that's the richness. It's a little bit like
00:36:10.700our financial structure in Canada. Toronto has stayed and stable and very cautious.
00:36:17.340And it's run by the Scottish mafia, they say, the banks. Western Canada, and particularly in
00:36:23.500calgary it's more entrepreneurial it's freewheeling they'll try different things and the reality is
00:36:29.980our country needs both and so in the same way that our can any good country needs more than one
00:36:37.260character and if you can have those characters work together that's a strength not a weakness
00:36:43.500well i'd love to see how it is that you envision that coming together because i feel like we're
00:36:50.220pretty at odds right now but i trust you that you have a vision for this randy because i've
00:36:56.620had a few conversations with you um so that will actually be the topic of our next episode so