00:09:29.560There's this type of podcast that I love.
00:09:31.880and i'm thinking of patrick bett david when i think of this oh fuck where and tim heidecker
00:09:38.020skewered this pretty well and on cinema at the cinema where he started his own podcast network
00:09:43.600and there was like sort of like a rap rock intro and there's just images of him in a suit walking
00:09:50.300with another guy in a suit and then there's like b-roll footage of playing chess and smoking cigars
00:09:56.620you know what i mean it's it's the cigars it's the chess it's the whiskey the whiskey being
00:10:02.220poured in the rocks glass let's get to the bottom of what's going on in the world today
00:10:06.500expert opinions fresh voices and we're not just going to be talking about movies either
00:10:10.760the right information right when you need it why wait
00:10:14.380it's it's all that i'm like oh my god i i understand
00:10:25.300the leftist critique on this whole thing because it's because the worst guys you know have gone
00:10:32.600into cigars and whiskey you can't drink whiskey anymore it's done well i mean come on they can't
00:10:38.240you can't no they can't i mean i can't for other reasons there's other reasons that you can't yeah
00:10:43.160but there's this great clip i don't know if you saw him but it was patrick bet david the indian
00:10:50.860guy the entrepreneur who got rich from a pyramid scheme uh he started value tainment which is
00:10:57.540wait is that how he got rich that tracks i because i didn't even know that but i hated
00:11:02.160him from square one just because listening to him speak you know he's retarded like he has a
00:11:07.040room temperature iq one company dares to dream bigger and do the impossible one company pushes
00:11:17.400the limits of the status quo wow we got it all guys we got people smoking cigars fat cats dude
00:11:25.000this is a lot like the amway thing it's like a younger amway it's nice it's uh it's uh fresh
00:11:30.720it's exciting and this is a known thing if you like if you actually watch the show which i know
00:11:36.220you don't but eventually you wonder what big studio guy who wears a blue suit all the time
00:11:42.300guys who wear blue suits must know what they're doing no multi-level marketing scheme all the
00:11:48.600way through and you can find him he's on stage at these big conferences these they still pack
00:11:53.280out 5 000 suckers into these things but yeah that's how he made his money and he got into
00:11:58.200you know canceling cancel culture there's an amazing scene uh where he was interviewing
00:12:04.920he's being interviewed and giving a tour of his house and he takes the interviewer over to this
00:12:10.840giant painting it's in his thinking room okay so he's got this big house of course and he just
00:12:19.280has a room just for thinking where he goes to think big thoughts right away yeah and he's got
00:12:25.820this massive portrait on the wall oh no i've seen that i've seen that it's got like it's got
00:12:30.620tupac first of all it's him yeah first of all it's him it's painted really poorly almost it's
00:12:38.540a really bad painting yeah so it's him in the same suit by the way like his signature suit
00:12:44.260he's got his arms around if i'm recalling this correctly tupac and einstein yeah who are
00:12:52.300chopping it up it's a room full of in his in his opinion the greatest thinkers in the world and so
00:12:59.920of course there's abraham lincoln over there an absolute indians idea of western culture right
00:13:07.180Who, of course, walking through our house, walking through Blood's satellite compound, you go to our thinking room, it's just a toilet in the center of the room.
00:13:21.720It's just in front of a glass wall overlooking, I can only describe it as a Jurassic Park-style cliff, painting on the wall.
00:44:17.700It says, college English majors can't read, is the title.
00:44:21.800Subtitle, they have one job, but they can't do it.
00:44:26.060Which is off to a great start, off to the races.
00:44:30.920It's talking about literacy generally in high school,
00:44:34.660but mainly in academia for people who specialize in this.
00:44:40.580So it's citing here how many U.S. adults score at literacy level 4 or higher, about 12% or 1 in 8.
00:44:49.440Since over 60% of high school grads go on to enroll in college, we know for certainty that the mass majority of them are below level 4 in literacy.
00:44:58.380College kids are financially, functionally illiterate.
01:16:13.260And we'll get into how Stalin's feelings on that point being that this book, we're going to do a lot of reading from this, but I wanted to just summarize it as best I could at the top.
01:16:25.400What I liked about it was it shows that not only was Stalin and the Soviet Union more pivotal in the war, but perhaps even one of the primary instigators of it.
01:16:40.420Stalin had a reasonably consistent approach to foreign affairs, which was actually much more successful than Hitler's.
01:16:46.420And he didn't get the exact war he wanted in Europe.
01:16:48.780In fact, in Asia, it worked out far more closely to Stalin's kind of ideal design.
01:16:53.780That is what he wanted to happen, which was this kind of war of attrition between us.
01:16:57.260He saw the capitalist powers, which would eventually allow the Soviets to kind of sweep in at the right moment with a war of opportunity, exactly as they did in 1945.
01:17:05.740In Europe, it nearly turned out the way Stalin wanted.
01:17:08.440i think the real difference there was that while stalin definitely uh saw the prospect of a war
01:17:13.480between hitler and the western powers i mean there's a little bit of this kind of almost
01:17:16.600game of chicken where uh from stalin's perspective the western powers were of course trying to trick
01:17:22.280hitler into going to war with him and you hear this a lot from soviet diplomats in the 1930s
01:17:26.840we're not going to do that again you know we're not going to have this happen again suffered so
01:17:30.680much in the first world war uh this is even the theme of stalin's so-called chestnut speech we're
01:17:35.640We're not going to have them pull their chestnuts out of the fire for them.
01:55:45.060Aside from ensuring that Britain could fight on the Lend-Lease as interpreted by Roosevelt
01:55:49.800and his supporters represented a cautious endorsement of Churchill's vision of a grand
01:55:54.520alliance uniting Washington, London and Moscow against Nazi Germany.
01:56:00.260Stalin's pact with Hitler notwithstanding.
01:56:02.020so um like we said before the lend-lease program was sending it gets into it here let me just go
01:56:10.800here here i like this part roosevelt's decision to devote scarce tonnage and naval resources to
01:56:17.560soviet lend-lease supplies was a priceless gift to stalin in exchange for opening up this vital
01:56:23.920lifeline to the beleaguered soviet war effort the u.s government could have asked any price
01:56:29.060payment of cash by loan or in kind political concessions inside russia would be another idea
01:56:35.720or promises from stalin of better behavior abroad such as abandoning his spying operations in
01:56:42.360washington this is what he says in the book this isn't me editorializing he's like hey we'll give
01:56:47.000you this stuff could you stop spying on us or offering token support for the war against japan
01:56:52.680Instead, the Americans simply gave and demanded nothing in return aside from a vague, non-binding promise of loan repayment beginning five years after the war was over at no interest, which is fucking wild.
02:20:37.000what a great ground belly up i don't care what it says i love ai i love whatever's happening
02:20:44.040i mean it's kind of like a church toilet yeah something like that if you're thinking like oh
02:20:52.980you must have done some very complicated prompt to get that you'd be wrong as shit it's probably
02:20:59.240as dumb as you think it is and like i need i need a train being flushed down a toilet
02:21:06.560and it for like 20 images in a row it said here asshole and this was this was the delightful
02:21:13.520result of that what's uh i i don't think it's going to its doom i think it's like
02:21:23.620you know i think there's some sort of cauldron like some kind of spell some sort of revival
02:21:29.080spell going on yeah so just so people know this was me and uh claus and didn't have uh wwe style
02:21:36.040beef and i decided to write an article because you're into trains who isn't in the trains and
02:21:40.640i said i'm gonna write the definitive article saying fuck trains and here we go and of course
02:21:47.260i ended up talking about hyperstition i was back on my bullshit and i mentioned you by name anyway
02:21:53.880i'm not going to be talking too much about that because the people came to get the goods and
02:22:00.900we're going to look at i'm looking at it right now death and taxes published on the old glory club
02:22:06.540a wonderful substack i was published there even and this came out fairly recently now
02:22:14.000we must be going downhill to be letting uh canadians
02:22:17.720by the way i'm making sure i have this teed up probably make sure the screen is
02:22:26.040good okay this is probably a better way to do it all right this is a long one too if anyone can see
02:22:31.580the cursor on the right there it gives you a lot of information a lot of stories a lot of history
02:22:37.580here uh very short title that contains a lot if we could summarize this i would summarize it
02:22:45.640almost as just the history of taxes in america and giving us a three-dimensional understanding
02:22:52.020of taxes and also the history of the uh what was it the ming the mingos creek yeah it's the mingo
02:23:00.040creeks the mingo creek society so if we had to let's start by if we could summarize this
02:23:05.020in in a few points sort of the sizzle reel of this to get people to know how would you describe this
02:23:10.740okay so i divided it into i guess three ish distinct sections right so i first lay out you
02:23:22.140know the reality on the ground during the american revolution how how powerless congress was how
02:23:30.560we didn't have any sort of income a sort of stabilized currency and people on the ground
02:23:35.380really did suffer and in that suffering and you know various mutinies and and material
02:23:42.980deprivations we ended up with a a solid generation of ex-veteran federalist politicians who spearheaded
02:23:56.660the creation of the u.s constitution um ex-veterans and you know mercantile guys that
02:24:05.220wanted to invest in this new startup called the united states of america and the full justification
02:24:11.140for it and how we ended up getting you know the first uh u.s central bank how we ended up getting
02:24:18.340uh our first tariffs and then how we ended up with the whiskey excised you mentioned something there
02:24:25.700Sure. The U.S. Central Bank, which sits at the center of so many conspiracy theories in American culture and elsewhere.
02:24:34.480So I think what was interesting with this article, you would not necessarily take a negative approach to the central bank in America.
02:24:41.520You would see it as more as a necessity.
02:24:43.140be so i was very careful in actually laying out the the case for it as a very pragmatic one
02:24:53.580because what if you just had what if you know the u.s dollar we create you know like u.s coin
02:25:01.800and we just started issuing coins and issuing issuing issuing um and there's just no end to
02:25:11.380issuing it you know that it's not a very good currency um no one really accepts it it's not
02:25:17.780really backed by anything and so the fur you know no one accepts it uh and so what you end up with
02:25:25.300is george washington start like you know starving and freezing to death and valley forge you know
02:25:31.540two thousand guys die and then you end up with you know pennsylvania where valley forges of course is
02:25:39.700in the mid-atlantic the bread basket of the colonies and you know the linen capital of
02:25:47.460uh america but no one has clothes and no one and everyone's starving because the continental
02:25:53.940congress can't actually pay anyone no one accepts this worthless u.s coin and then after the american
02:26:01.460rebel or towards the later promises to pay its soldier new york city besieging the last british
02:26:13.040garrison um but congress you know no one accepts the u.s coin like shit coin and no and you know
02:26:24.720the officers they know that as soon as the war is over they're not going to get paid their pensions
02:26:29.900because u.s shitcoin is worthless you know the one like uh bank of north america is broke uh and
02:26:40.460congress owes this broke first national bank which ends up becoming like bulls fargo uh which is a
02:26:46.380very very big bank in in you know the u.s but the officers threatened to mutiny uh george washington
02:26:53.580talks them down from mutinying and but you know still uh like the soldiers know that as soon as
02:27:01.780they're disbanded their congress ain't going to pay them and we're not going to get any stable
02:27:06.280currency uh but a few garrisons around philadelphia do end up revolting because they
02:27:13.180ain't getting paid and the second continental congress can't tax anyone and we don't have any
02:27:20.640gold reserves so we can't actually back our currency so we're in a bit of a bind um you
02:27:29.040have troops mutinying we have uh a worthless currency we don't have a central government
02:27:36.640uh the second continental congress as it's made each state is a fully independent state and all
02:27:43.440that congress can really do is just keep racking up credit card debt and you know they can't they
02:27:50.960can't do anything they can they ask all the states to chip in some gold but none of them actually do
02:27:58.880they have their own you know independent problems so it's kind of necessary to actually create a
02:28:06.480stable currency and a stable central bank at a certain point and um as we went over uh as you
02:28:13.880and uh sandbatch actually went over i think it was maybe six months ago or so
02:28:19.100i mean that interview that we did was like two years ago but it got two years ago i think so
02:28:27.460but it got re-uploaded relatively recently to youtube but that was an older one yeah
02:28:31.520Yeah, well, the thing was, as soon as Andrew Jackson killed the second central bank, it ushered in the golden age of counterfeit currency and three decades of unstable credit, which ended up being collateralized with slaves.
02:28:52.040And that didn't turn out too well, let's just say.
02:28:55.780did alexander hamilton i am trying to recall the details of the talk with sandwich but was that
02:29:02.980foreseen by alexander hamilton or anyone else that it would like dissolving the central bank would
02:29:08.180of course usher in an era of counterfeit and anarchy well the counterfeit and anarchy was what
02:29:15.140preceded the creation of the first central bank well not only counterfeit and anarchy but also
02:29:21.300you know keep on swiping the credit card without you know any taxes to actually pay off the
02:29:27.540interest so that's it's a very very real issue that needed to be solved as soon as america was
02:29:35.000created now it sounds like we're about to get into a modern monetary theory talk by the way
02:29:40.660and judas ain't here to stop me well i mean okay so you've got what like 50 million dollars in war
02:29:49.420that you have a bunch of angry veterans who aren't getting paid uh as soon as the u.s wins
02:29:55.340its war of independence we don't have any treaty trade treaties with any european powers so can't
02:30:02.860sell goods to the uk they're heavily protectionist uh we can't sell anything to spain because our
02:30:09.820diplomats are still working this these deals out um we can't sell anything to well and also there's
02:30:16.860this whole french revolution thing going on it's it's kind of a nightmare and there's no trade
02:30:24.540and no real no real federal income and also we have all sorts of revolts breaking out
02:30:33.980uh in the appalachian back country um most people live around the eastern seaboard and a little bit
02:30:43.180in the sort of piedmont you know inland areas but west of the appalachians you know you have about
02:30:50.380you know depending depending on how you want to count them uh between a dozen and 20 semi-independent
02:30:57.340redneck republics that don't exactly take uh take marching orders from you know anyone
02:31:05.660outside of their counties. So you have monetary anarchy, you have a bunch of angry veterans,
02:31:13.980and you have a bunch of, you know, fiercely independent rednecks. And out of this comes
02:31:20.420the first comes that comes the US Constitution, which is the complete opposite of the Articles
02:31:26.020of Confederation. Instead of like all these independent states, you know, there are tariffs
02:31:31.660between independent states like as soon as you go from new york to pennsylvania you had to pay
02:31:36.800a tariff which is you know kind of nightmarish um you know taxes are raising to pay off the war
02:31:45.060debts uh there are there's guys you heard it here first old glory club comes out against tariffs
02:31:52.000okay so people also forget that most of the federal government's
02:32:01.200budget was made up of tariffs for the first like three um you know it's it's kind of what
02:32:09.160kept the lights on so to speak um and you know the in the first washington administration's uh
02:32:20.480budget you know the budget was about five million dollars per year to service
02:32:25.840you know in out of this five million dollar federal budget about 70 percent went to paying
02:32:31.600off uh interest on the federal debt which were you know it cost a lot to it cost a lot of money to
02:32:38.560to uh pay and equip the u.s military during the war of independence uh we racked up about
02:32:46.080i think it was like 77 million dollars in debt um so federal budget five million dollars 70
02:32:53.680percent goes to uh paying off interest about 20 goes to the military budget because
02:33:01.440um hey in order to pay off the federal budget we had this great idea um basically we sell off
02:33:09.280these chunks of land out west to these speculator companies for some quick cash but the problem is
02:33:17.600uh indian tribes live out there and they don't appreciate their land being you know so sold off
02:33:23.920in a very sketchy kind of way um and so there is the northwest indian war and we have to send out
02:33:32.160an entire military out there to uh to fight the uh the engine war and uh the remaining five percent
02:33:39.520of the u.s budget is uh paying off mostly well on top of the federal you know uh federal employee
02:33:50.080paychecks we have to spend a lot of money on trade i'm sorry on pirate uh ransoms because
02:33:58.400that's a call back to our last interview guys yeah i think i think the figure was something
02:34:05.680like four hundred thousand dollars per year out of a budget of a total budget of like five million
02:34:11.660so that's you know a good chunk of change uh to spend on like to spend on ransoms um so we end
02:34:21.520up kind of spending a little bit of our military budget on uh building six frigates but that's
02:34:27.040like ship autism is its own kind of thing um so i so right out the gate you know we have a u.s
02:34:37.760constitution that says you know no more interstate tariffs we're just going to have a blanket you
02:34:43.680know five percent tariff on foreign goods across the u.s and that'll bring in something like
02:34:52.640about three million dollars but we still have a big windfall and we are still racking up more debt
02:34:58.880we need to tax something else and uh what hamilton uh the treasury secretary proposes
02:35:06.960is property taxes and of course everybody hates this so he falls back on something a little bit
02:35:15.680bit more a little bit less controversial uh tax on on uh alcohol production and there are a few
02:35:23.500reasons to you know discourage people from you know heavily drinking um i can't really yeah wives
02:35:31.740well okay so here here's the really here's the kind of mind-blowing thing that i actually came
02:35:39.500across in this one book called The Alcoholic Republic by Rohrbong. So people drank about,
02:35:46.820you know, three to four shots of pure alcohol per day, or that equivalent amount of alcohol
02:35:53.520per day. People were wasted during this early Republican era. You know, President John Adams,
02:36:04.200every morning he woke up and drank a tankard of hard cider you know uh tidewater virginians like
02:36:11.820him like uh like washington and jefferson you know they drank uh copious amounts of rum punch
02:36:18.660every single night while entertaining guests you know the the average uh commoner average worker
02:36:26.180you know they don't have any good sanitation so you need to put a little bit of whiskey in
02:36:30.780everything you drink and so everybody's drinking copious amounts of alcohol and you know there's
02:36:38.380some legitimate criticism to you know try and hamper uh alcohol consumption yeah i'm gonna
02:36:46.600stop you right there i reject any criticism of that i think it is the duty of all americans i
02:36:54.000say this as a non-american but i kind of am uh we need to get back to that that was back when
02:37:00.240things made sense decisions were made that deserved to be made everyone should be drunk
02:37:06.720at least like try that for five years and maybe maybe all these problems go away well here here's
02:37:13.840here it's it's easy to you know say it's you know not gonna lie everything would be a whole lot more
02:37:20.440fun while drunk um however what are you actually drinking and you know uh in the early like in the
02:37:30.840colonial era most people were drinking rum um nice yeah like basically what we do was we imported
02:37:39.720sugar cane from uh jamaica and then we distill it in new england and then distribute it across the
02:37:47.080the u.s uh but after independence you know the british are very protectionist of their markets
02:37:53.940and we're like slapped a huge tariff on us so no more rum um and so we started growing we started
02:38:02.960distilling whiskey instead it's here i'm gonna pull it up it says that it's called whiskey which
02:38:08.220does sound like a cocktail made from protein powder yeah it's like whiskey like that that's
02:38:15.400how like that's how it was uh pronounced um and you know after going through the federalist case
02:38:23.900for you know having taxes and having uh steady income i go into i call it raising pencil or what
02:38:32.680was it raising west sylvania um in reference to sort of like the hell like the hellion nature of
02:38:40.280uh like the Appalachian back country kind of like uh raising Arizona um the thing is uh
02:38:50.900the Appalachian back country was completely lawless and completely drunk and their entire
02:38:59.720income relied on whiskey production so I go into the sort of origin story of the colony of
02:39:07.660pennsylvania um which is if if you can imagine pennsylvania being settled it's something like
02:39:16.120three different rings right so uh pennsylvania is initially settled in you know the 18 or the
02:39:25.3001680s and 90s by a few waves of quakers in philadelphia right on the coast um basically
02:40:02.740a plot for a townhouse in downtown philly and a you know 10 to 30 acre plot in the philly suburbs
02:40:13.140for farming and that was a pretty good deal um it was a pretty good deal and it attracted all sorts
02:40:20.940of affluent uh like you know affluent uh artisanal you know middle class quakers
02:40:30.200uh but pretty quickly you ended up with some perverse rings around philadelphia around
02:40:36.940philadelphia uh what i uncovered in one of my books was the fact that you had dutch slavers
02:40:44.200who would essentially they they go to war-torn germany uh to these starving peasants who had
02:40:54.460their land ravaged by uh completely destroyed by these french marauding armies and what they did
02:41:02.460was they said hey get onto my boat we're gonna evacuate you and what they did was they shipped
02:41:07.600them to philadelphia starved them in harbor until they signed indentured servitude contracts and
02:41:14.980had them work on their philly philly uh suburban farms for like five years classic ruse yeah it's
02:41:23.760it was quite it was quite brutal but um you know eventually these germans ended up creating
02:41:31.500coming voluntarily creating germantown and then the amish started coming then you ended up having
02:41:38.660these weird cultists in like the caves outside philly um like if you ever want to visit like
02:41:46.200kelper's cave or i'm sorry kelpius's cave you know this you had like this weird doomsday cult
02:41:52.540in like the caves just north of philly um wait hold hold up you're telling me they got hitler
02:42:01.340in argentina in america well they got germans in caves hiding out like kelpius is actually
02:42:09.800kind of a wild guy he was like this this mad rosicrucian like guy who believed the world
02:42:16.940was going to end in like you know 1692 uh it didn't happen and he spent the rest of his life
02:42:25.620just chilling out in caves um i believe that there was also this one like wild like hermit who
02:42:32.380hermit quaker who was like five foot tall and you know lived in caves and you know was an
02:42:39.460abolitionist who disrupted everyone's lives but um the quaker society kind of devolved in the first
02:42:47.220two decades like they wanted to you know william penn he wanted to expect he wanted to create a
02:42:56.740very tolerant uh quaker colony where everyone could practice their religion without any sort
02:43:03.040of um without any sort of molestation from the national government um quakers you know they
02:43:11.400believe in the the holiness of the inner light and pacifism and plain speak and plain dress
02:43:19.900and honest dealings uh they didn't believe in um in having walled cities and this was fine because
02:43:30.300the delaware indians you know they're much more peaceful than their neighbors so you know it was
02:43:37.260it was a pretty it was a pretty good start um however the quakers got pretty rich pretty quick
02:43:44.620i started selling slaves and slowly the uh colony got big enough to the point where you know
02:43:53.060a third ring of wild scots irish you know fighting irish types started pressing into the borders and
02:44:02.080finding some really angry indians to get into frontier battles with uh so this this third ring
02:44:09.000is where real issues started happening um so basically the pens um you know they they
02:44:23.340they wanted to both so the pens they owned the entire state of pennsylvania as their personal
02:44:34.160property they made money off of selling land to settlers as well as you know their own
02:44:40.240independent little businesses um and so naturally they wanted to encourage you know immigration to
02:44:49.240pennsylvania and you know wouldn't you know it we had uh you know hundreds of thousands of irish
02:44:56.800like scots irish you know from uh ulster ireland and from north fc who you know linen prices were
02:45:06.200kind of unstable and rents were kind of rising so you know might as well pick up shop and you know
02:45:13.440moved to the pennsylvania frontier where land is almost free you know it's it's free if you're
02:45:19.520just squatting and you just create a settlement out of nothing uh but um but uh
02:45:28.800they uh some of them ended up actually paying for their land the pens encouraged this immigration
02:45:37.740because it made them some money and also the scots irish are notorious for you know their
02:45:43.920fighting spirit fighting attitude um but there was some conflict between the sort of old uh
02:45:52.840moralistic pacifistic quakers who created the quaker party which was later called the county
02:45:58.760party uh to you know kind of reign in the more rowdy scots irish fighters who kept on getting
02:46:06.880into you know indian battles uh with the natives uh as opposed to the propriet to the proprietary
02:46:15.680party run by the penn family and you know wealthy speculators and the scots irish who just want to
02:46:22.320keep on pressing uh pressing west and getting more land and selling more land um so speculators
02:46:32.480right um the penn family sold each acre for you know a couple cents to these big companies who
02:46:42.080would you know buy tens of thousands of acres of land and sell tiny chunks to settlers for a slight
02:46:49.680profit um and these farmers right they usually didn't have any money because they're like poor
02:46:58.240scots irishmen uh so what these speculators would do would say hey uh don't pay us off now but you
02:47:08.560know we're gonna charge you eight to ten percent per year interest on what you owe for the deed to
02:47:14.980your land and you know if you're in you know middle of nowhere like appalachia what do you do
02:47:25.020for money uh what they did was they sold or they they cultivated uh corn rye and barley and they
02:47:34.760distilled it into whiskey uh so whiskey it you know in pittsburgh it could be sold for around you
02:47:43.960know 25 to 35 cents but if you got it all the way to philadelphia it could be sold for a dollar per
02:47:52.040gallon uh and if you got it if you floated it down the river to new orleans you could sell it
02:48:00.320for a little bit more than a dollar however the problem is that you know from the back country
02:48:06.840pittsburgh to philadelphia it's about 300 miles and you have to go over a mountain range as opposed
02:48:13.320to just floating it down the ohio river and selling it in new orleans but we didn't have a
02:48:19.020treaty treaty with spain so it's you know it we we really couldn't do it um and sorry i have one
02:48:29.560question here from uh in the chat here from melon i know we could google this but what was the point
02:48:35.240of the mason dixon line i want a non-gay answer so i'm coming to you for the least gay answer
02:48:43.420possible uh okay so this is it is a means of keeping balance in the in congress and congressional
02:48:58.500representation between northern and southern states using an arbitrary line
02:49:04.560um the mason dixon line you know slate the north of the mason dixon line the border between
02:49:13.680maryland and pennsylvania studied outwards uh south would permit the institution of slavery
02:49:20.640uh the north north of the mason dixon line would not but you know that's i'm i'm kind of getting
02:49:30.720on to a tangent um so i've just i know i hope to answer the question melon if we want a more
02:49:37.520detailed answer maybe we can come back to that but just tell them for the folks at home with
02:49:42.400the mason dixon line yeah yeah so the entire livelihood of these backcountry farmers was
02:49:50.660reliant on distilling whiskey and selling it and you know as soon as you cut that off or if you
02:49:58.360made it unprofitable there goes the entire economy of the backwoods um and i also described in my
02:50:06.400article uh the sort of frontier like uh sort of um the reg the nature of the regulators and
02:50:16.200regulation and law enforcement in the back country right so if in the case of places like you know
02:50:25.580appalachian uh north carolina um this one land surveyor his name was herman husband
02:50:33.180he came across you know this one um this one tax collector you know fraudulently collected two
02:50:41.500taxes from 200 farmers but then never actually gave them to oh it's above this yeah um you know
02:50:51.740falsely collecting taxes and then never actually paying them to the colonial government you know
02:50:57.460there were instances of these all throughout the back country corrupt tax collectors
02:51:01.920corrupt land agents who would say hey i'll take ten dollar i'll take ten dollars off of you for
02:51:11.560the land deed to your land then they'll never actually file it with you know with the colonial
02:51:16.820government and they'll just pocket the money um a spoiler alert kind of dies in the whiskey
02:51:24.180rebellion um so what the right what in order to regulate uh corrupt behavior in the back country
02:51:34.320what the sort of scots-irish borders did was they created regulator posses so these are sort of like
02:51:42.680angry mobs of local citizens who get together to, you know, regulate the corruption in their
02:51:50.720communities. And about 2,000 North Carolinians, you know, rose up to, you know, as a show of
02:51:58.920force against the corrupt North Carolina governor's increase in taxes and, you know,
02:52:06.220neglection of corruption um this regulator movement revolt was quelled and her husband
02:52:16.220would evacuate to western pennsylvania uh but there there are these sort of regulator posses
02:52:23.820you know developing all across the the appalachian back country uh and you know
02:52:32.460One of the regular revolts was Shays' Rebellion. In order to pay off the Revolutionary War debt that the state of Massachusetts accrued, what they did was the state of Massachusetts created a speculatory bond market where they sold the public debt to public creditors.
02:52:57.280who made a little bit of money off the interest in the public debt.
02:53:04.280And in order to pay off the interest in this debt, what the city of Massachusetts did was
02:53:09.100they increased, you know, property taxes and increased poll taxes and excise taxes,
02:53:15.240which fell regressively on the broke, poor veterans of Western Massachusetts.
02:53:21.560so what the you know the people of massachusetts did was they revolted
02:53:27.220and you know started burning down um you know they they seized an armory they uh they tried
02:53:35.680to fight off this corruption by burning the tax records and courts and you know that's that's
02:53:43.280just what you did you nullified you know the debts that you're owed unjustly um in a lot of
02:53:51.040ways i've heard this described it was america's george floyd moment i mean
02:53:57.220like uh i guess um but like i said earlier like we had about a dozen of these sort of
02:54:11.180squatter republics uh a lot of the rebels from uh from herman husband's regulator movement
02:54:18.760north carolina they didn't want to swear loyalty and oath of loyalty to the uh corrupt new uh
02:54:25.240north carolina governor so what they did was they packed up and moved west of the appalachian
02:54:31.640mountains and uh formed the watauga association and declared independence from britain and later
02:54:42.360during the american revolution they'd supply men for the uh they called themselves the over mountain
02:54:47.720men to fight off uh general cornwallis's british army and uh you know it's it's a big famous thing
02:54:55.960and uh one of the ogc chapters named after the over mountain men um but they were this sort of
02:55:02.600independent republic that would become the state of tennessee um you also had stuff like the
02:55:09.960Transylvanian colony where some big speculators bought this large property in modern-day Kentucky
02:55:23.100off the Cherokee, and they sent Daniel Boone to set up this Transylvania colony.
02:55:29.960However, Native Americans, they didn't exactly have borders, and there were a whole lot of
02:55:36.240different bands and you know if you pay one band uh for the hunting if you pay one band of indians
02:55:43.860for the land you know what happens if another band of indians you know hunts in the same area
02:55:52.120uh so what you had was you know they signed these property rights for they sign off these property
02:55:59.560rights to kentucky but the shawnee from the from the cherokee but the shawnee and delaware tribes
02:56:05.880you know they hunt there too and so there was you know all of these like little land battles
02:56:13.720from the semi-autonomous speculator republic um and also you had states like uh like do you know
02:56:21.400where um where vermont is i do yes but from tv so uh the state of vermont was originally
02:56:31.000it was originally a squad a colony of squatters you know the the green mountain boys who you know
02:56:40.240even though the land was owned by this giant speculator company they ain't paying no taxes
02:56:45.700for common land or they ain't paying for no deed to no common land um and so they just created
02:56:53.140their own little independent republic of vermont and you had all of the like this was the case for
02:57:00.100just about the entire Appalachian back country and you know during the American Revolution
02:57:07.260you know starting in like 1778 um things got very very bloody on the frontier right uh the British
02:57:17.460started losing the war you know they got kicked out of Philadelphia and so they refocused to
02:57:25.160invade the south and they also called in all their like indian allies to attack
02:57:33.520uh you know the the appalachian back country i i call out the uh the great runaway of 78
02:57:41.980because you know basically all of the uh the iroquois delaware and shawnee just go ham and
02:57:50.440try and try and you know wage a rather bloody race war against these you know american colonists
02:57:57.240and you know the the continental army it was focused on fighting other armies
02:58:03.480um so what you ended up with was very tight-knit frontier militias fighting these brutal backwoods
02:58:12.440indian wars um and these scots irish little independent republics you know banded together
02:58:21.080and every single month the guys would get together to um you know the guys would get together for uh
02:58:27.960the local militia and they'd spend the morning learning how to march and take orders and then
02:58:35.640you'd spend the afternoon shooting like training with your rifle with your with your neighbors
02:58:42.440And then you start and then, you know, in the evenings, you have a nice barbecue with your neighbors and the militia.
02:58:49.540It's it's not like a regular military.
02:58:53.300It's a draft where everyone between the ages of 18 to 46 actually has to participate in the militia.
02:59:01.920So you actually have to go to the gun range with your neighbors.
03:00:26.680to get into the most exclusive gun clubs
03:00:29.140and like militia like regiments uh because you know a it's kind of cool to go to the gun range
03:00:37.640with the you know the local guys but every once in a while they'd also get called up to put down
03:00:45.080you know uppity uh like union rioters uh so there was a sort of necessity to it still in that day
03:00:55.260too um but you know it's it there there was a definite necessity like everyone you know as
03:01:05.800soon as you could could you know as soon as a kid was cognizant he was you know taught how to
03:01:11.300how to load a gun while dad shot the gun from his house if it was under siege from indians
03:01:17.860you know everyone knew how to arm like everyone had to own a gun just out of necessity and because
03:01:25.680they were legally required to everyone knew their neighbor from these militia rallies
03:01:31.540um everyone was actively involved in fighting the indians there was no help from the federal
03:01:38.740government uh the federal government was uh like you know you lived in these sort of
03:01:44.440semi-independent rural republics and now the feds you know the one stable uh means of income that
03:01:54.320you had was from selling whiskey where you know you don't have much hard currency and what hard
03:02:00.980currency did come your way came from selling whiskey uh and all of a sudden all of your whiskey
03:02:07.260money is just dried up in excise taxes caused by these federalists who you know these aren't
03:02:15.780like federalists they didn't see any benefit from you know they didn't have any help from
03:02:21.200the continental army they fought off the indians by themselves uh like tax collectors were corrupt
03:02:28.260and you know this was just the federal government was just seen as an extra layer of bloat
03:02:34.020so the you know what happened after the whiskey excise tax happened was no one paid it well not
03:02:44.580like basically no one volunteered to be tax collectors and uh just about every like rural
03:02:54.360community said like had their own little county conferences saying where you know like okay so
03:03:02.280the federal government does something that that you don't like in the early republican era what
03:03:07.120do you do um someone asks like anthony wayne would like a word well i'm gonna talk about
03:03:12.960mad anthony wayne later um but um what they did was if you don't if you don't like the federal
03:03:22.980government doing anything that you didn't like if you don't like what the federal government is doing
03:03:27.720what you do is you get all the most affluent citizens of your county together or region
03:03:33.360together in a conference and you put together you know a few articles saying hey these are why these
03:03:41.960are the reasons why we disapprove of what you're doing in a very legalistic kind of way and you
03:03:49.260know it's a sort of show for saying all of these um like all the most wealthy guys in our area are
03:03:56.080gonna rally to oppose you and if that doesn't work you know you start uh litigating and you
03:04:05.380know these this is a one this is a 99 white area like we do things by the book and legally even if
03:04:12.680we are squatters um so what we end up doing is we had a few conferences in western pennsylvania
03:04:20.500you know all the most affluent citizens say hey we don't like this we're gonna fight this
03:04:26.900in congress and uh you know that's that's what that's how it all starts um but in western
03:04:38.720pennsylvania um we were blessed with this man named john neville who is the one guy in appalachia
03:04:48.760who decided that he would actually enforce the whiskey excise tax um now john neville
03:04:56.440he was the richest man in western pennsylvania like he he he came from a wealthy uh virginia
03:05:04.520planter family um wealthy uh virginia planter family uh he fought in lord dunmore's war this
03:05:13.400like indian war in what in modern day west uh in west uh virginia um he fought with george
03:05:22.440washington and the product expedition yeah there there we go um he fought in the american revolution
03:05:29.560you know right rising through the ranks of you know from basic lieutenant to breeder general
03:05:35.160role um he was in he was in uh george washington's you know aristocratic fraternal society the
03:05:43.280society of the cincinnatus um and when he came back to pittsburgh what he did was he founded this
03:05:51.260uh this giant uh business empire you know he married the uh i believe he married the the
03:06:01.500sister of so western pennsylvania we have fort pitt right it's uh the sort of hub of all commerce
03:06:09.720in western pennsylvania and pittsburgh it's centered around fort pitt which is you know
03:06:16.520a garrison of 100 150 guys um it's you know third biggest town in western pennsylvania
03:06:24.740um aside from washington and greensburg but what neville does is he marries the
03:06:32.900uh wife of the uh the major in charge of the fort and and then his he married do that back
03:06:41.560then you could just marry someone's wife yeah and then he marries his daughter to the quartermaster
03:06:46.360of the fort and he uses this to get all sorts of nice cushy contracts with the fort
03:06:52.400so he becomes the sole supplier of whiskey to you know all of these guys you know 150
03:07:00.620like 100 guys which you know paid in federal dollars um he also sets up this nice like cushy
03:07:09.560estate uh called bower hill he has a nice like uh he has a nice townhouse in downtown pittsburgh
03:07:17.800you know he owns like a pottery kiln he owns like a glass works you know he's got all these
03:07:24.200he has like slaves he has 18 slaves working at power hill uh he has a five a 500 gallon
03:07:31.280whiskey still you know if you were lucky you could get like a five to ten gallon whiskey still
03:07:38.320but it was funny is that in the context of the time i can't tell of 18 slaves is a lot of slaves
03:07:46.920and based on what we know they drink i don't know 500 gallons is a lot of whiskey back then either
03:07:51.960well so i no one had slaves in like the pennsylvania back country but he did
03:08:01.000um because he's you know virginian um most also back then you could just you could be the first
03:08:09.160guy to do a lot of things now he started a bunch of businesses so how i made my millions
03:08:16.580invent a new type of corn with a hat and then you could just do that yeah you could just just
03:08:22.780do these things um i i said like i think i said earlier in the article you know in rural
03:08:31.300pennsylvania communities you know maybe one in five to one in ten guys had a whiskey still
03:08:38.860and that whiskey still would be like five to ten gallons and you really only produce like
03:08:45.720200 gallons whiskey per year as a small farmer uh but you know he's making you know industrial grade
03:08:56.180like levels of whiskey um and still still personal supply it's like on the catch with a dime bag
03:09:07.100yeah so so this guy neville he's the richest guy he's with richest guy in western pennsylvania
03:09:15.940he has all the federal contracts uh he has all the money all the industry uh and guess what he
03:09:24.880also does he decides to become western pennsylvania's uh revenue inspector for the whiskey
03:09:31.100tax so he's also collecting your taxes um you know he doesn't actually do it himself he's way
03:09:38.860too busy he sort of deputizes people to do it but it's you know just another uh feather in his cap
03:09:46.460to collect these taxes um so what happens right away is he starts hiring uh revenue inspectors
03:09:57.020or deputizing them um people hate paying their taxes but the thing about being a revenue inspector
03:10:04.820back then is that you're paid on commission you know you get paid one percent of the revenue that
03:10:10.420you collect and so you're kind of incentivized to overestimate the amount whiskey that this still
03:10:17.480this stills can actually produce and that's that's it's not very cool and no one really
03:10:23.960appreciates it so as soon as he hires the first revenue inspector what happens in mingo creek he
03:10:30.860uh the first revenue inspector robert johnson he gets tarred and feathered
03:10:35.920um and tarred and feather being tarred and feathered is not very fun um you know it's
03:10:43.000boiling hot pitch you know you get third degree burns the like in removing the pitch you actually
03:10:50.200do strip off some of your skin so you're permanently disfigured you know all of your
03:10:55.500hair gets ripped out it's a it's very it's very very nasty it makes you wonder would just the tar
03:11:02.600have worked were the feathers necessary yes i mean just i mean just look at it look at it
03:11:10.180he's loving it look at this guy top left i'm sure that's like that's you know melted chocolate or
03:11:16.800something and it's not real that's why he's so excited yeah so so poor robert johnson the first
03:11:23.800um revenue inspector he does he doesn't like it though and he's he's permanently scarred um
03:11:30.340and so there's you know neville throughout the this conflict he keeps on hiring people
03:11:37.280and they keep on getting tarred and feathered uh all the while um
03:11:42.860uh basically well robert johnson recognizes who does it to to him too which is really nasty
03:11:50.300he recognizes the guy who turned feathered him as uh as colonel john uh hamilton no relation to
03:11:59.300alexander hamilton who is you know the elected colonel of the washington county militia and
03:12:06.280also the sheriff of the town that he was collecting taxes from um so what what john
03:12:14.840hamilton and his brother daniel do is you know they run the county militia what they do is they
03:12:22.580say we ain't paying no whiskey tax uh we're not going to allow uh whiskey inspectors or still
03:12:31.120inspectors to come in our neighborhood we're not going to pay it we're going to enforce
03:12:35.700um we're going to enforce you know this decision we've made by threatening anyone who does offer
03:12:43.700to pay the tax uh if the tax collectors try to set up an office or make sure that you know
03:12:51.660they don't through various means and methods of intimidation and what they do is they create this
03:12:59.820shadow government called the mingo creek association um and the mingo creek association
03:13:05.580is just like another one of these redneck republics where the county militia are actually
03:13:13.300you know the county militia actually becomes the government like they just say we're not
03:13:20.100going to follow the pennsylvania uh nominated judges we're going to set up our own people's
03:13:26.880courts uh we're gonna create we're gonna make our own uh school correct we're gonna write our own
03:13:32.960school curriculums uh we're gonna you know nominate nominate our own uh state assemblymen
03:13:40.640through our own elections and our own electoral process uh and we're gonna we're not gonna we're
03:13:47.920not going to you know secede from the union we're just not gonna follow any federal laws
03:13:53.040um and so um what we have throughout the next few years is of various instances that i i lay out
03:14:04.340very you know very minutely um very diligently you know instances of neville you know like
03:14:12.160various people going into mingo creek uh and stuff bad stuff happens to them um or neville
03:14:21.540tries to set up an office uh but guess what happens the guy who rents out the office
03:14:26.940uh for the purpose of tax collection you know the mingo creek society you know destroys the place
03:14:35.000or if uh you know if someone tries to pay their tax what happens uh tom the tinkerer
03:14:43.100pays you a visit um the mingo creek association takes out newspaper ads saying you know if you
03:14:51.520you if you pay the whiskey tax or if you tattle on us expect a visit from tom the tinkerer
03:14:57.980uh the joke being a nefarious name too yeah so tom the tinkerer was a tinker a tinker is kind of
03:15:06.080like a kind of like a mechanic or an engineer but instead of you know fixing your still he just
03:15:12.440shoots holes into it and then burns your field down or burns burn down you know just for good
03:15:17.860measure um i thought it'd be something like oh you don't want to call tom a tinkerer you might
03:15:24.100show up one night well he might start tinkering with you yeah that's that's kind of what happens
03:15:30.600um you know uh eventually john hamilton and the mc like he becomes a sort of shadow governor of
03:15:39.680the mca and he has this he has you know sheriff of a pigeon creek uh you know uh tom holcroft
03:15:47.740take over as you know head of the goon squad um and they they have this sort of small reign of
03:15:56.980terror while the sort of upper echelons of um of western pennsylvania society create what is called
03:16:06.660were called the democratic societies um so 1792 rolls around and you know we have this this reign
03:16:16.540of terror thing in france right heads start rolling you know king gets beheaded you know
03:16:22.620george washington says we don't want anything to do with this um and you know we don't want
03:16:30.800anything to do with this but quite a few of these anti-federalist types you know they kind of like
03:16:37.020the idea of having these like plutocratic elites having their heads chopped off
03:16:41.140and so they create their own into they create their own little democratic society you know
03:16:49.020high high society events to you know toast the french revolution you know maybe we could do
03:16:55.000something like that at home you know all these erudite people you know drinking drinking whiskey
03:17:00.780of course but um but toasting to the french revolution and this is pretty uh you know it's
03:17:12.680it's kind of incendiary it really irks you know george washington and alexander hamilton
03:17:18.100And in the Western Pennsylvania democratic societies, we have the emergence of, um, of David Bradford. Um, now I've, I've, um, I visited David Bradford's house. It's still, it's still up. He had a, he had a pretty nice townhouse, not gonna lie. It, it, uh, actually has windows. No one had windows back in the day.
03:17:44.720um but uh david bradford he's an appreciator of the french revolution and he says hey maybe we
03:17:55.080should do something like that here maybe we should start you know typical bougie sort of
03:18:00.900revolutionary yeah he's a bougie revolutionary um and you know he starts hobnobbing with the
03:18:08.960wealthy people of western pennsylvania saying hey maybe we could do this french revolution thing
03:18:14.700here in appalachia uh meanwhile in the away from the towns you have herman husband from the north
03:18:24.660carolina regulator movement come out of retirement to herman herman husband you know he's a man of
03:18:32.480the faith he's a man of the people and he creates a pseudonym for himself tuscape death and what he
03:18:39.960says is America is the new Jerusalem. And we're going to create a new and better world that is
03:18:49.380more godly than the crowned heads of Europe, these decadent monarchs. But he becomes very
03:18:56.600disenchanted with the passage of the U.S. Constitution. That's too much government for
03:19:01.880we're too too centralized we're we're becoming just like those europeans um but also for some
03:19:10.140reason the uh the alligator mountains just outside pittsburgh kind of look like the mountains
03:19:17.140described in the book of revelation you know come to think of it this decadent town of pittsburgh
03:19:23.940you know it's such a big city you know about a thousand people total living in it you know
03:19:29.560decadent it calls it sodom you know we need uh we're gonna kick off armageddon and the new
03:19:37.480jerusalem movement by burning down pittsburgh but that's what that's what needs to go to bring jesus
03:19:42.580back um and so he starts getting this sort of fandom of you know the destitute and homeless
03:19:50.340hanging out in his like little little uh you know mountain compound um
03:19:58.260while you know the affluent you know david bradford's like hey let's let's start rolling
03:20:04.640stop chopping off heads and you have john hamilton you know terrorizing tax collectors
03:20:10.400whenever they show up on his doorstep um i think someone brought up uh anthony wayne
03:20:17.640uh in order to fight the northwest indian war a couple thousand uh a couple thousand um
03:20:25.800you know u.s militia soldiers passed through pittsburgh um they kind of realized like fort
03:20:33.940pitt's kind of old and too big uh for like a hundred guys to actually man so you know we
03:20:41.280build Fort Fayette you know just northeast of uh the old Fort Pitt um yeah he he he also
03:20:52.460doesn't really have a high opinion of Pittsburgh you know calling it Gamora it's like okay we need
03:20:58.460to get away from all this whiskey and all these women let's set up shop you know a safe 20 just
03:21:04.380outside of the blast radius where my men can soberly you know train Americans have a rich
03:21:11.160history of reading the bible and saying that's literally next door that's here yeah yeah so
03:21:19.100you have yeah we we we have certain tendencies and it's not it's it's a bipartisan issue too
03:21:30.820because as i state um you know you have anti-federalists you know democratic republicans
03:21:37.460like husband who say you know the political opposition is literally satan but at the same
03:21:44.360time the federalists have you know jedediah morse who says you know he's anti-federalists
03:21:51.040these anti-government types do you know who is also anti anti-government and want to overthrow
03:21:57.440the marquis of europe the illuminati and guess who else is in the illuminati thomas jefferson
03:22:04.700thomas payne you know he he names like 800 people and uh george washington has to you know
03:22:11.820send a nice letter to the to the president of yale saying no my political opposition is not
03:22:19.380the illuminati um calm down me thinks the lady doth protest too much what what do you mean by
03:22:28.340this hmm just writing a letter i know we're both guys i'm getting ahead of this i'm not part of
03:22:34.520the fucking squid with its its tentacles wrapped around the world yeah so you know we we have our
03:22:41.540incendiary uh evangelicals you know it's it's you know a bipartisan concern the opposition being
03:22:50.140literally satan um the same david bradford actually may or may not have cameoed with um
03:22:59.660with spanish spy james wilkinson uh in his escape but i'll i'll get that a little bit later
03:23:06.600um so what what we have um is increasing tensions between you know now john neville who can't do his
03:23:18.000job his his poor you know inspectors and collaborators who keep on getting either
03:23:23.340tarred and feathered or they're proper um or their property destroyed um and then you have the
03:23:32.420you know these three factions the mingle creek society the democratic society and the new
03:23:39.440new jerusalem new jerusalem jerusalem movement which you know are all organizing and doing
03:23:48.920their anti-federal thing so this eventually comes to a head where you know uh where uh the federal
03:24:01.180government has just about had it uh with the whiskey tax dodgers um you know hamilton threw
03:24:10.860him a bone he lowered the tax from you know nine cents a gallon to eight cents a gallon but um he
03:24:18.320also increased the fine for not paying the tax from you know $20 to $250 and you know you could
03:24:27.560only really pay this tax in a federal court located in Philadelphia 300 miles in a mountain
03:24:34.340range away from Pittsburgh and you know people only made between like 20 bucks and 100 bucks a
03:24:41.140year so imagine having to pay like 10 times your salary in fines for running a business that isn't
03:24:50.340making a profit because you have to pay the tax that you're being fined for so no one's no one's
03:24:58.080paying it um but uh eventually we have this uh this gentleman his name's uh his name's lennox
03:25:10.140he's sent out to actually start serving you know writs to people who have dodged their taxes
03:25:16.840and uh what happens is john neville and lennox start going house to house you know serving
03:25:25.720people their writs saying hey you got to pay this fine for uh this fine for not paying your taxes
03:25:34.060um but uh what happens is uh domingo creek association is conveniently in set like meeting
03:25:45.240in session that day and um and what they do is they say hey we gotta like they they're informed
03:25:58.040that someone is you know trying to arrest tax dodges tax dodgers that's not that's not what
03:26:05.240what's happening but that's what the impression is so what they do is they rally the militia
03:26:12.280you know 50 guys you know start trying to chase down uh john neville and
03:26:18.840neville retreats to like for uh bower hill estate and the militia fallen back home
03:26:33.080and about like by the time that they get back to bower hill um they
03:26:40.680they only have like 37 dudes besieging you know this house of this one wealthy like
03:26:48.520wealthy virginian his 19 slaves and you know a few of the women folk and what kicks off is the
03:26:56.040first battle of bower hill where uh the militia try and besiege john neville's house um it doesn't
03:27:04.940go too well you know john neville you know snipes some poor guy in the head um and the guy the
03:27:12.920militia fall back to figure out you know what the hell do we do uh they kind of think they think
03:27:18.620that um they think that um you know neville might have a cannon somewhere in his house
03:27:25.560it's a big two-story mansion uh he's got to have a cannon somewhere and we don't want to get blown
03:27:31.320up but we don't we also don't know what we're supposed to do um so they retreat back to their
03:27:37.900you know local militia point and basically the uh the mca they you know put out they send out
03:27:48.240runners saying hey we're uh we're gonna fight the feds uh they're starting to arrest our folks
03:27:55.040so we gotta we gotta we gotta rally and so about about 500 guys across you know the five counties
03:28:04.020rally to uh bower hill you know they they create their own like little flags and you know they
03:28:11.760have their own like little band and there are 500 dudes there uh meanwhile john neville you know
03:28:19.620gets the gets a uh gets like a dozen guys from a fort pit to reinforce his house you know uh
03:28:29.480um you know he gets about a dozen soldier feds from the fort to reinforce his house uh he gets
03:28:36.960you know additional feds like federal marshals to help reinforce him and you know his son and
03:28:45.200these two other u.s marshals try and try and get to the mansion but you know his son doesn't arrive
03:28:50.680on time uh they hear you know the mingo creek association band coming and neville you know
03:28:59.480he gets he gets the hell out of there he like hides in this like nearby ravine and you know
03:29:06.600the 500 mingo creek guys they you know encircle the mansion and they say they you know they send
03:29:14.180out they send out one of their emissaries and he's like all right uh we just want john neville
03:29:22.860give him up uh major uh fitz uh fitzgerald i think his name his name is um says he's not home
03:29:32.780and what right do you have to uh what right do you have to you know arrest this man you know
03:29:41.200the mingo creek guy is like all right let me talk to my boys um and so he goes back
03:29:49.520another flag of truce um and says hey uh you know we would like to search the mansion for
03:29:58.320john neville uh but also you know the women and children can leave uh but we'd like to
03:30:05.600search the mansion and you know the women and children leave um but then you know third
03:30:14.300negotiation you know like someone from the mansion we don't know who but shots break out
03:30:20.820and there's a firefight for a few hours in which um you know the lead negotiator from the
03:30:27.760mingo creek association gets you know shot in the thigh and bleeds out to death and you know
03:30:34.860this firefight goes on for a few hours and eventually you know enraged that the lead
03:30:41.960negotiator who was like you know he had a little white flag and was trying to you know broker
03:30:47.400negotiations he gets shot so in a rage the mingo creek guys start burning everything to the ground
03:30:54.380um they first start by you know we burn down the barn we burn down you know the well and then they
03:31:03.020start burning down the slave quarters and then the the you know mansion actually gets caught on fire
03:31:09.200and everyone has to like make a beat all the all the feds had to make a beeline to the to the woods
03:31:16.300but you know they get captured you know all of john john neville's property gets either you know
03:31:22.620looted or destroyed um only the slave quarters only one building in the slave quarters actually
03:31:29.560remains um and the minger creek association captures the feds and you know okay what do
03:31:40.820you do you've caught about a dozen or so feds how many of our audience have themselves imagined
03:31:48.520this moment let's just leave that that go ahead yeah so there's sort of like a question time you
03:31:56.500know what do you do with you know a dozen glowies and while you're surrounded with you know a
03:32:03.640thousand of your homeboys because guys keep on filing in from the five counties of western pa
03:32:09.520and you know all the the affluent citizens of western pennsylvania have to start you know
03:32:15.920like they had to keep their hands clean of associating with the mca because you know it's
03:32:24.000you know you don't want to fight you you want to you want to tastefully fight the good fight
03:32:31.380you don't want to be associated with burning someone's house down
03:32:34.480uh but the affluent citizens can't really you know they can't really
03:32:42.100ignore the fact that there is an actual revolution going on um a bunch of liberty
03:32:49.160polls go up you know in solidarity with the revolution um you know there are various
03:32:56.920conferences where up the the wealthy of the wealthy men of western pa you know try and
03:33:05.800give their two cents you know the democratic societies you know show up to mingo creek
03:33:12.360to give their two cents herman husband comes down from the from the mountains to you know
03:33:17.400give his little sermons um the militia searches all throughout the um the back country for neville
03:33:26.520but they can't find him because you know he he and his family evacuated to virginia you know asap
03:33:34.520um and in the chaos uh david bradford takes over as the head of this revolt against the
03:33:43.720federal government he calls himself you know uh you know the napoleon of the west he uh he starts
03:33:53.220raiding the post offices to see you know what are the feds saying about us is has word gone out we
03:33:59.360need to put a stop to all the info going out to the feds um and then he puts out a call saying
03:34:06.380you know everyone from upstate new york to west virginia come down on this specific day
03:34:14.360we're taking over pittsburgh and kind of on his own authority uh with the sort of tacit
03:34:22.740support of the more radical guys of the mingle creek association and democratic society and
03:34:28.360new jerusalem guys uh what they do is they end up getting somewhere between
03:34:33.460like 5 000 and 7 000 guys uh coming to pittsburgh and uh braddock braddock bradford's plan is
03:34:44.580we ask the fort to surrender nicely and join out join in the revolution against the federal
03:34:52.520government or else um you know he starts making like little lists of uh collaborators with the
03:35:03.020federal government and you know he starts you know making lists of people that he uh he thinks
03:35:09.580should have their property seized um and it's you know he he wants to kick off a french revolution
03:35:21.780and instead of you know having his revolution kick off and go successfully what happens is uh
03:35:31.640i mean he he really did think it was going to happen he uh you know he made he had his wife
03:35:39.780make him like a nice like general's uniform with like fake medallions he got himself like a little
03:35:45.900braided white horse you know he wanted to look the part but what happened was uh his assault on
03:35:53.180fort uh fort finite didn't go so well um one of the protagonists of my article his name is um
03:36:01.220His name is Hugh Henry Brackenridge. You know, Brackenridge was he was nominally a federalist, but he always had his county's back and always supported, you know, his neighbors with integrity and their economic interests.
03:36:20.520so he he opposes the whiskey tax of course um but breckenridge is a very interesting guy he uh he
03:36:29.320founded the university of pittsburgh he founded the pittsburgh post gazette um he wrote you know
03:36:37.240satirical novels uh kind of like uh kind of like uh like like what's his name uh mark kind of like
03:36:45.720mark twain kind of um you know very interesting guy you know very affluent lawyer he tried to
03:36:52.360create the independent uh state of west sylvania uh it didn't go out go so well but uh what bradford
03:36:59.260does is he uh he tries to he he tells the people of the town you know hey uh all the guys they're
03:37:12.300to be out marching tomorrow you know to fort fayette um what you need to do is you need to
03:37:20.220not give them any opportunity to raid your stuff what you should do is you should put alcohol on
03:37:26.380your front door and give me some booze so i can you know put it all you know put barrels of of
03:37:34.300you know whiskey in their muster point and uh what we're going to do is we're going to get them
03:37:43.420drunk and i'm going to hire this ferry service to transport them across the monongahela river
03:37:50.300back home and they're not going to take passengers back and i'm going to lead them
03:37:57.980away from fort fayette instead of turning right um to you know go to the fort or i'm gonna do is
03:38:07.260i'm gonna lead the parade i'm gonna lead them left back to the muster point um this very much
03:38:14.540is a bugs bunny style plan well it it worked because you know he he did lead them uh back to
03:38:22.860to their muster point you know they they walked like 16 miles in you know late in like august
03:38:29.940heat you know it's hot you don't have a food all that you really have to drink is you know
03:38:36.600barrels of alcohol and uh most of them end up going home this was such a great era in military
03:38:45.040strategy everything's so serious now but back then you could easily imagine a very successful
03:38:51.160scheme being hatched where under cover of night they get all the soldiers drunk and then fill
03:38:57.580their boots with maple syrup and then the war just doesn't happen well i mean it it did work
03:39:04.520exactly you just you just do this stuff you could just do this stuff um what what if we turned all
03:39:10.660their hats inside out and glue them so they can't wear their hats right then what are they going to
03:39:14.280do go to a battle looking like fools so bradford you know he he kind of he kind of copes a little
03:39:22.900bit you know a couple thousand guys you know he he left like a couple thousand guys left the field
03:39:28.520you know they went home but he still has a considerable force and uh you know the more
03:39:35.380affluent citizens you know they weren't gonna stick around when the the fight against the
03:39:40.180federal fort went down um so they you know the the affluent citizens started coming back to uh
03:39:47.320check in on bradford see what the plan is um so what they come up with is uh you know
03:39:56.500let's talk this over let's figure out exactly what we're fighting for like are we are we
03:40:02.620actually gonna start you know we're actually gonna start chopping off heads or like are we just you
03:40:09.260know was this just a show of force to the feds to make them know that we're serious
03:40:14.300and so you know over the next couple weeks they you know get devolved they devolve into
03:40:21.300you know petty debate um i do note that um that uh on top of the five pennsylvanian
03:40:30.260uh five pennsylvanian uh counties that revolt um two counties in west uh virginia end up revolting
03:40:40.580too uh you know they kick out all their feds like all the feds in their towns and you know
03:40:47.300you have seven counties uh united against federal rule with seven stars and a nice
03:40:54.580uh no excise tax you know slogan attached to the front uh and that's that's one half of the uh the
03:41:04.900old glory club mingo creek society's flag um so what happens is that um we really don't know
03:41:18.980know what the plan is you know all the like a lot of the hardliners they go home kind of drunk
03:41:26.280um bradford he he he wants to go full napoleon mode but no one else will actually you know
03:41:37.660not enough actual people with actual backing like with real political authority back him
03:41:43.660uh it's just a few of his um it's just a few of his you know immediate group that want to do this
03:41:51.440uh so they really it kind of just fizzles out um but the feds eventually do catch wind of what's
03:42:03.320going on and what you know what uh what george washington does is he goes to his cabinet and
03:42:13.020like all right um you know there was a shootout with the feds and this angry mob you know they're
03:42:23.100still kind of camped out there um they're still camped out there and they're still a threat
03:42:31.020so what do we do so hamilton says you know i've been telling you for the last few years
03:42:37.900we need to send troops out there to call the the rebellion um but you know his anti-federalist
03:42:47.740you know rutledge uh secretary of state is like no i think we just need to negotiate a peaceful
03:42:55.740stand down before content before anything or i'm sorry edmund randolph uh let's negotiate with them
03:43:03.180peacefully before sending out the troops and washington is like all right let's do both
03:43:08.780um and so what he does is he he rallies the militias of um of pennsylvania new jersey
03:43:16.140virginia and maryland um he nationalizes those four states militias uh and says all right we're
03:43:25.740We're going to take two armies, right?
03:43:29.780Virginia, you know, Light Horse Henry Lee, Virginia governor.
03:43:35.580You and the Maryland guys are going to go to West Virginia and reestablish federal control over West Virginia.
03:43:42.540Then you guys swing north to Pittsburgh.
03:43:45.940Meanwhile, Washington and his Philadelphia and New Jersey guys are going to march to Pittsburgh on their own.
03:43:55.740um you know i found it kind of ironic that uh you know light horse uh henry lee was actually the
03:44:02.820the father of robert e lee of civil war fame which is a little nice cool little factoid
03:44:09.180it's also kind of strange reading uh the correspondence because in in the u.s constitution
03:44:19.460um the the president is he's commander-in-chief of the military but we've only you know what does
03:44:31.000it mean to be commander-in-chief of the military uh washington translated that to be you know
03:44:35.860i'm literally obligated to lead the guys into into war to put down these rebels
03:44:42.420um and so he led the virgin the pennsylvanian and new jersey guys out to march on pittsburgh
03:44:51.480so absolute chaos um you know back in pittsburgh like brackenridge and and uh and bradford and all
03:45:05.000the other guys kind of hammer out exactly what they're gonna do um like i like i'd say in this
03:45:11.220this passage right here bradford's like all right what did the fed what did the french revolution
03:45:16.480guys do they established a committee of public safety and we start chopping off heads um but
03:45:24.940you know cooler voices prevailed uh you know gallatin was like all right what did like what
03:45:32.160what what do we actually have to justify chopping off heads like we literally you know did we we
03:45:39.100literally fought the feds and you know caused a riot you know why are we going to resist them
03:45:45.980and bradford's you know he waxes poetics you know infringements on our natural rights you know
03:45:52.880whatever um brackenridge he's like okay the feds are going to send their army up here
03:46:00.140let's have a nice stand down you know we rally you know a couple thousand guys you know we're
03:46:07.680to meet their guys and we're gonna you know peacefully disassemble you know we're we promise
03:46:14.160we're not going to battle the feds um this doesn't really go down um instead of actually you know
03:46:25.840raising an army to fight the feds what what happens is um george washington sends out
03:46:33.520essentially an ultimatum saying hey swear an oath of loyalty to the federal government
03:46:40.480or you know suffer the consequences and you know the the representatives in pittsburgh of this
03:46:50.400conference uh they event like through various electoral shenanigans end up coming to the
03:46:58.240conclusion that we aren't going to fight the feds and we're going to swear an oath of loyalty to the
03:47:04.480federal government and you know uh and we're actually going to start paying our taxes um
03:47:15.600rather than act so about 2 000 guys in western pennsylvania say i don't trust this oath business
03:47:25.520and i don't trust being occupied by these uh by these feds this fed army uh we're not gonna pay
03:47:33.680our whiskey taxes we're gonna go west to the more lawless uh state of uh kentucky
03:47:42.240uh we're not gonna get slapped with this 250 dollar fine we're gonna go west uh and david
03:47:49.360bradford ends up going west along with a lot of the guys in the minga creek association
03:47:58.800so yeah that's so eventually you know the guys end up going the the two federal armies eventually
03:48:06.800do end up making their way to pittsburgh uh george washington he's getting a little bit old he's
03:48:12.240getting a little bit senile um he's getting a little bit senile and he's also suffering from
03:48:18.320these really nasty back problems um he he kind of he he has to you know uh be driven out to
03:48:27.920pittsburgh in a little carriage but every once in a while he'll go out onto his horse just as a
03:48:33.400you know show of solidarity with the guys and as soon as they get to uh to bedford which is like
03:48:40.480the the eastern most of these uh these rural counties um he basically sees that you know
03:48:49.280we're not actually getting any uh resistance in fact like you know bedford county which was home
03:48:55.720to herman husband so they're actually they're actually celebrating us as liberators because
03:49:02.320they they don't really like this herman husband guy anyways he's kind of a psycho um so washington
03:49:10.300is like all right hamilton you take control of the army i'm gonna head home um and so what hamilton
03:49:18.700does is um like washington said basic well washington said uh i trust your judgment here's
03:49:28.920a list of all the tax dodgers that we wanted to you know we wanted to have fined um and you know
03:49:37.880make sure that everyone swears their oaths of loyalty Hamilton is you know he does not like
03:49:47.340these tax dodgers at all he doesn't like them one bit and what he does is rather than having
03:49:54.360you know a nice neat process where everyone's wears loyalty and pays their taxes what he does
03:50:01.200is he tries to round up everybody associated with the whiskey rebellion in one single night
03:50:07.020uh basically in this one like freezing cold uh like late november night it's like a there's like
03:50:15.260a snowstorm going on he has a list of a couple hundred names of a neutral jerusalem guys you
03:50:22.860know mingo creek association guys democratic society guys and what he does is he has his large
03:50:30.600army uh try and arrest everybody involved in one night a lot of them already got away
03:50:39.040but about 150 didn't um it's it's called the dreadful night because you know the feds burst
03:50:49.600down your door break down your door they don't let you you know grab your clothes um and then
03:50:56.120they haul you and they stick you in the basement of some dank tavern for a few days without any
03:51:03.780like fire food or water with you know other prisoners um it's not very fun um and also
03:51:12.880the feds actually don't have much evidence that uh any of these guys were you know involved in
03:51:19.400the places that they say that they were involved and you know they're not going to rat each other
03:51:23.560out like no one no one's gonna testify um so the federal courts the federal judge in charge of
03:51:34.600actually persecuting these guys ends up letting just about all of them go because he can't find
03:51:42.920any witnesses to prosecute them so he sends about like 27 20 some guys uh including john
03:51:51.140hamilton uh and hermit husband uh to philadelphia to be tried for treason um and you know they end
03:52:01.760up marching um you know these these 20 some guys i think it's like 24 guys uh out to uh
03:52:10.820out to philadelphia over the mountain 300 miles uh they finally arrive in pittsburgh in philadelphia
03:52:19.020on christmas day um on christmas day and you know people in philadelphia hate they really hate uh
03:52:30.660pittsburgh like pittsburghers you know these are the sons of wealthy quakers and you know mercantile
03:52:39.380folk and you know instead of these like big burly mountain men they find these like emaciated you
03:52:47.560know starved you know ragged no no shoes on their feet these like poor prisoners and when they
03:52:55.940actually do try these prisoners um there's very little actual evidence that they did or said
03:53:03.100anything incendiary and so all but two guys are let go uh among the two guys that aren't uh one
03:53:12.840his name was philip ligel he he you know punched a tax collector who was stooping around his farm
03:53:18.440in the face and you know they a witness was able to like place him at the second battle of bower hill
03:53:25.560and the other his name was john mitchell he was uh one of he was in uh david bradford's gang
03:53:32.700and uh was identified to have you know raided the post office um and opened up federal mail
03:53:41.720but it was kind of obvious that uh that mitchell had you know some kind of disability you know he
03:53:50.060had the sort of speech impediment he kind of talked kind of slow and weird uh so people thought
03:53:55.500you know this guy's you know this guy's retarded back then they'd say he was touched yeah um and
03:54:03.500this is actually the the third like retard that i actually name in this article
03:54:08.400this is america used to be a real country yeah um so yeah the like the first you know meant you
03:54:20.700know the first retard that we came across he um like rather than uh arresting some of the mingo
03:54:27.440creek association guys for assaulting um tax collector uh robert johnson what john neville
03:54:35.920did was he found this you know this retarded old man and said hey you serve this guy his papers
03:54:43.600um and you know the poor retarded old man got tarred and feathered and tied to a tree
03:54:51.280and uh the second you know retard was um you know a little bit of an he was a different type he was
03:54:58.180an autist he was a he he was you know a school teacher uh from the east coming to pittsburgh
03:55:05.960to teach the young ones uh you know basic reading and writing and but you know he was a foreign
03:55:13.040coastal you know he was he was he wasn't from here and he was somewhat autistically saying you
03:55:21.040know how does this whiskey process work you know can i see your stills can i see the machinery
03:55:26.280in operation and he's just a hipster yeah well yeah he he was and he ended up getting
03:55:32.740tarred and feathered for it uh and they you know tortured him with like a hot iron
03:55:37.820uh tarred and feathered is a good one but you know i always i always thought
03:55:44.500it would be very difficult to bring myself to physically torture someone and i was convinced
03:55:51.020you have to really hate that person but just for my reading history they could do that to whoever
03:55:58.180well you didn't have a regarded stranger yeah it's yeah it's there are many instances in this
03:56:07.540article if you know there's a stranger in our midst let's uh let's beat him up um but the uh
03:56:15.900back to sort of the the narrative though um the the two men who are tried for treason you know
03:56:22.260uh you know philip weigel weigel he punched a guy in the face for snooping around his property
03:56:30.360searching for stills um i'm not sure if that qualifies as treason or you know being hanged
03:56:37.760over and john john mitchell you know he can you do you really want the federal government
03:56:45.520you know the feds spent you know god knows how many how much money sending 20 000 like 12 000
03:56:52.680guys all the way to pittsburgh just to try this retard for treason for you know being involved in
03:57:00.660a posse that raided the mail like this is absurd and it was an absolute fiasco and uh washington
03:57:09.420eventually you know part like stayed stays of education and uh you know pardoned them um
03:57:21.660so that's pretty much how it ended you know the the feds you know occupied the like west
03:57:28.220pennsylvania for for about half a year just to make sure that everyone paid their taxes
03:57:35.020and was properly tried and took their oaths of loyalty um but the blowback against you know the
03:57:42.860federal you know response to this was massive and uh the the disaster that was the john adams
03:57:50.120administration ended up ended up causing you know 24 years of solid you know anti-federalist
03:57:58.980democratic republican control of the federal government and uh and almost all of like the
03:58:05.840the major alumni of the whiskey rebellion ended up doing great things um probably the the most um
03:58:15.660you know like david bradford got the hell out of dodge he ended up creating this um
03:58:21.300this nice plantation in in louisiana where he'd die peacefully um herman husband you know he was
03:58:30.140kept in solitary confinement and he was an old man and you know he died a few months after being
03:58:36.440acquitted of treason um you know john neville even though bower hill was burned down he still had
03:58:46.440you know all sorts of other businesses and he bought like literally a giant island
03:58:52.280uh like nibble island is is very big and very famous around on pittsburgh um oh and also oh
03:59:00.760i forgot to mention yeah we we kind of won the northwest indian war uh with matt anthony wayne
03:59:07.480and opened up the uh the west for further settlement and we reached a trade agreement
03:59:12.840with spain so he could sell stuff in new orleans had a huge markup with very little cost actually
03:59:20.120shipping stuff so the whiskey uh market was more profitable than ever was more prop profitable than
03:59:31.320ever by shipping stuff through keel boats uh over the mississippi river to new orleans
03:59:39.000so you know everything kind of worked out um you know albert gallatin who was the uh you know the
03:59:48.260secretary for a few of these conferences ended up being thomas jefferson's uh treasury secretary
03:59:54.120he also ended up being secretary under madison and monroe uh gallatin was kind of like the
03:59:59.380anti-hamilton who went all in on slashing taxes slashed the whiskey excise tax and saying we
04:00:08.220ain't paying any of these french foreign loans because we already could you you guys abolished
04:00:14.800that government we don't owe you anything anymore um but yeah that's um let's see who else was there
04:00:24.340um i'm pretty sure i forgot to mention that um i believe hugh henry brackenridge you know he went
04:00:31.520that he went on to found university of pittsburgh and he had uh he ended up writing a few more
04:00:39.180you know satirical novels and he ended up uh i think he ended up being a supreme court or
04:00:45.360a state supreme court justice or something like that um i know i'm forgetting a few other
04:00:53.600alumni but eventually the uh the whiskey the whiskey excise tax was banned was was abolished
04:01:01.700and yeah it's that's that's just about it um it's a fascinating article um i think we covered
04:01:11.860i mean we did cover pretty much everything i know we actually have to get going soon i was curious
04:01:16.260if you this is a final part here about the legacy of mingo creek association and maybe you want to
04:01:22.800bring that to the forefront now because there is a group with that namesake yes so in so the um
04:01:33.980so the old glory club chapter based out of pittsburgh um we named ourselves the mingle
04:01:42.920creek society after the mingle creek association uh because there's a because in terms of local
04:01:52.040history that is you know underappreciated um pittsburgh is known for a few things historically
04:02:02.280there's the homestead strike which you know gets wildly like distort the narrative around that is
04:02:10.040wildly distorted uh and then there's also the whiskey rebellion but the thing is you know
04:02:15.960no everybody is taught that you know there's a whiskey rebellion uh everyone in in high school
04:02:23.520learns that there was a whiskey rebellion but no one actually knows what happened and
04:02:29.560i figure it's uh you know it's it's uh it's a little bit of an edgy esoteric reference to this
04:02:39.760of shadow government uh but i think part of the reason why i wrote this article was that
04:02:47.200they eventually were vindicated in what they fought for and the excesses of the adams
04:02:55.680administration vindicated exactly what they feared uh hamilton ended up what what what
04:03:03.200What John Adams did was, you know, he brought in property taxes and he blew out the federal budget.
04:03:11.880He, you know, spoke, he, he created all sorts of extra spending, you know, programs.
04:03:18.200hamilton like invested in all sorts of boondoggle project like infrastructure projects you know
04:03:26.760creating uh creating all sorts of factories and and uh and toll roads that ended up going bust
04:03:34.500um all for the sake of uh these wealthy you know elite coastal creditors and that's exactly what
04:03:44.940the anti-federalist democratic republicans thought was going to happen but at the same time
04:03:52.780i wanted to in this article give hamilton his due because at a certain point it was necessary to
04:04:01.820create a central bank to manage the debt and to have tariffs to actually pay off this debt and
04:04:07.900have a stable currency uh because cheap crypto america bucks coin wasn't gonna fly and if we
04:04:20.860you know something needed to give about the same time you know hamilton's excise tax was
04:04:28.860very vindictive in the way that it um it made the back country unprofitable and untenable
04:04:37.900so i wanted to give all sides their due i wanted to honor these local guys and i think you know
04:04:45.780this was somewhat good um good promotion because you know literally no one knew what the mango
04:04:52.040creek society was before i wrote it i literally wrote the the book on on exactly what they were
04:04:58.640and what they fought for so i'm very proud of how it ended up no it's a fascinating read like i said
04:05:05.280you weave a very compelling narrative about this entire thing and uh i was i loved reading it and
04:05:12.820we actually got through the entire thing which i'm very impressed by um so i know we have to get
04:05:17.580going right around now and uh it doesn't seem like we have any questions we've addressed everything
04:05:22.560that came up thus far but uh if there's any closing thoughts you have um i can do i mean
04:05:29.500i can direct people to your uh youtube as well hold on let's pull that up i mean i
04:05:36.460i'm not uh i'm not sure what the future of my youtube channel is going to be but