00:11:46.420We have a problem of affordability and cost, spiraling student loans.
00:11:50.380We have a groupthink emerging, and that warps the entire academic enterprise.
00:11:55.620I experimented with putting my lectures online and found that I could teach far more people at very low cost than I could at the university.
00:12:04.840And I thought, well, why not scale that?
00:12:10.460What I'm hoping to do is to find the best lectures in the world.
00:12:14.160and to bring them to as wide as possible an audience.
00:50:17.180that Christ is the only mediator to the Father.
00:50:20.980Christ is the only mediator to the Father,
00:50:23.040and to the extent that we are in Christ we participate in his life and we participate in
00:50:29.260his ministry and we pray for one another in the way that he prays for us to the father it's like
00:50:35.440that is just it's like it's an extension of the idea of the in some ways of the kingdom you know
00:50:41.060like of that the church is a kingdom in which we all God gives us these authorities God gives us
00:50:47.600the power to pray and to mediate his love for others and it's a wonderful beautiful thing
00:50:52.760because it's not about just me and God it's about this whole body coming together in love
00:50:59.940and in forgiveness and in prayer in order to kind of lift each other up but it doesn't at least for
00:51:07.300the traditional Christians it doesn't change anything to the fact that we understand that
00:51:12.600a way to understand it would be like you have the father and the son descends and then the son
00:51:19.160becomes the anchor point and then we are called to participate in the life of the son we're called
00:51:25.620to be his body we're called to be the the continuation of that ministry in the world
00:51:30.300um but it doesn't take anything away from christ and and if you read like the the prayers to the
00:51:37.680saints most of you know if you read the prayers to the saint you'll see that we always acknowledge
00:51:43.080their place we always say like we actually don't say to christ pray for us because we pray to christ
00:51:51.640you know and he is yeah kind of stands you know in the presence of the father and kind of brings
00:51:56.700our prayers but we don't we don't ask him to pray for us because he is god but we ask the saints to
00:52:02.860pray for us and that's how we ask them to help us is we say pray for me and sometimes like we have
00:52:09.100There are some, let's say, prayers to the saints or songs to the saints where we celebrate them, where we say, but usually if you look at the structure of the celebration, it's always something like, I don't know, we say, you know, we're grateful for St. Peter for what he's doing, and we thank God for making St. Peter who he is, you know, and we thank St. Peter for helping us see God better.
00:52:33.300and so it's like yeah the order is pretty clear we're not treating saint peter as a god we're
00:52:38.600basically saying we're so grateful that we have these characters that are like bright lights that
00:52:44.540help us see the the the love of god the will of god in particular spheres in particular areas you
00:52:50.360know so that's the way to understand it okay cool well that helped that's interesting there's so
00:52:56.880many i don't know i've been it's very it's it's all very interesting but i understand it this is
00:53:02.280Definitely, like a lot of the people that are listening that are very Protestant evangelical,
00:53:07.760I understand that they'll struggle with that, that they'll resist it.
00:53:11.900And it's understandable, but I would say that the best way to get at it
00:53:17.820is to understand that although God has saved us completely and truly
00:53:21.860through Christ and through the incarnation,
00:53:25.380that the people around us can still become little mirrors for God's love for us.
00:53:31.040and then that is not a bad thing it's actually a beautiful wonderful thing
00:53:35.040that fills creation up with god's love
00:53:37.580yeah i can get behind that i think i know i think that's right
00:53:43.000i think that's very right okay well that answers that question oh i'm gonna have to think about
00:53:49.260that for a while yeah probably i like i get the protestant argument you know i i think part of
00:53:54.800what i've heard is but which you already addressed is isn't praying to saints treating
00:54:00.800them more like an idol like why not go directly to jesus but i can also see where you're coming
00:54:07.480from with like i like i get it i can i can understand both sides but the thing so but
00:54:12.820this is important to understand and in some ways it's related to the jack and the beanstalk story
00:54:17.140actually interestingly enough okay let's go that's related to this idea of the giants which is that
00:54:22.020god has set up an order in the world right and then you could call like an order procession of
00:54:28.080his love into the world and there are people like authorities like pastors or priests in the old
00:54:35.120testament you know priests and prophets that are somehow chosen by god to be vehicles for god's
00:54:41.920grace for god's message for god's for kind of showing what god's will is now and that is
00:54:48.720completely normal it's a wonderful thing now the problem that happens is that anytime someone is
00:54:54.280put in a position like that, there is a danger that they do become idols. And that's, that's a
00:55:01.100real thing, right? So a good example, of course, is in the story of Moses and Aaron, right? So Moses
00:55:07.560is called by God. God calls Moses and says, you are going to save the people out of Egypt. You're
00:55:14.180going to take them out of Egypt. You're going to bring them in, bring them out, and they're going1.00
00:55:18.100to be my people. And I'm going to give them my law, and they're going to be my people. And Moses is
00:55:22.620like i can't do it on my own i need some help i'm not i'm just not the guy i'm just not the guy and
00:55:27.660so god actually accepts to give him aaron and it's weird the way it's said in the text it's
00:55:34.420actually almost scandalous if you think about it because god says to moses he said i will be your
00:55:41.680god and you will be aaron's god and he uses the word god oh wow yeah and so obviously it doesn't
00:55:50.120mean that yeah just to understand it's like it's saying you you will receive from me and then he
00:55:56.860will receive from you and then he'll be like your voice he'll be speaking out to you so so Aaron has
00:56:01.800this kind of intermediary position right it's kind of easy he's kind of like a mediator you could say
00:56:06.000towards the people uh but then as soon as Moses kind of goes up the mountain with Aaron do he
00:56:13.900makes an idol yeah and so he kind of as soon as he's separated from his source he makes an idol
00:56:19.280that's a good way to understand it so that's why you know everybody complains about the pastors and
00:56:24.000the priests who become corrupt and become but it's the nature of the world that people who
00:56:29.560are put in authority put in positions of power are in danger of of trying to take that power
00:56:36.360for themselves like the giants right to like gather that power for themselves and to become
00:56:41.940arrogant and to want to receive the honor themselves and so we have to be of course wary of
00:56:48.520that necessarily we always have to be aware of that we also have to understand that it is also
00:56:54.400the way that the world works that it is also the way that god functions that god chooses people
00:56:59.760that god points to people that god lifts people up and makes them you know vehicles for his work
00:57:06.220and so we we just have to be you know innocent as doves and wise as serving we have to be
00:57:11.560attentive you know when we see a spiritual authority or we see a character who tries to
00:57:18.080take that power too much for themselves or you know starts to act in in ways that are a little
00:57:23.060narcissistic or a little kind of power hungry and then be able to kind of turn away from that
00:57:28.100but in the case of the saints what we have are people that fought the fight until the end right
00:57:34.220that basically ran the race until the end and the testimony of their life has remained impeccable
00:57:39.880and shiny and so we know that they're no longer in danger of taking that power for themselves
00:57:46.240it's like if you ask saint peter to pray for you he's no longer in the danger that your local
00:57:51.960pastor or your local priest is yeah yeah well i'd like to i don't actually know the
00:57:57.320like protestant argument for like why do we ask other people to pray
00:58:03.700for us but don't ask saints and my guess was because other people are living but i literally
00:58:12.760have no eye like yeah i'm so new in this i don't even know what people would argue that's the
00:58:17.600argument but the answer is that they're they have eternal life yeah okay like they're not dead
00:58:24.820they are alive very much very much alive in christ that if you if you believe if you live
00:58:32.820in christ then you then you will not die okay here's another question then this is this doesn't
00:58:38.600really have anything to do with well maybe a little bit to do with that so i was trying to
00:58:42.040figure out in revelation like what what happens biblically well well just biblically what what do
00:58:50.180people believe like what happens when you die is there this period before jesus comes back where
00:58:55.340you're kind of asleep but then or do you just go directly to heaven so i mean i know no one can like
00:59:02.660know okay yeah so we have to be very cautious in when we talk about these things because
00:59:07.000obviously many of the things that are portrayed are extremely imagistic yeah and imagistic for
00:59:16.100a reason because we're talking about things that we can't completely see we see through a veil
00:59:21.400yeah that's for sure and so when uh for example when christ describes the story of lazarus and
00:59:27.580the rich man he describes the story of someone who is just lazarus who goes into the bosom of
00:59:36.360abraham which is already like if you think this is literal like you know you have a bit of an issue
00:59:42.700like he goes back into the abraham's body like he goes back into his wisdom no it's like that's not
00:59:48.280what it that's not what it means it kind of means he goes back to his ancestor he goes back to
00:59:52.440the he goes back to an origin that precedes him he's kind of entered into into something that
00:59:58.360is more than him maybe that's a good way of understanding it and then the rich man who never
01:00:04.080had any sympathy or any care for lazarus is put into a place of suffering and a fire and so
01:00:11.120you can see that in christ's parable he seems to be suggest that there is it's not like soul sleep
01:00:18.300soul sleep doesn't seem to be it doesn't seem to be what he's suggesting here you know and the same
01:00:24.240with uh with the the thief on the cross yeah yeah it says i'll see you in today right me in paradise
01:00:30.900right of course paradise and heaven are not the same thing we could talk about that if you want
01:00:35.020to but that's not the point is to say that that that at least traditional christians there is
01:00:40.540there was that discussion about that because uh saint paul uses the term uh those that have fallen
01:00:47.220asleep in the lord and that some people have taken that to mean something like soul sleep but
01:00:53.000ultimately ultimately the church because of those other examples yeah have come to the conclusion
01:00:58.200that let's take Christ's words over Paul's