The Mikhaila Peterson Podcast - April 30, 2026


You’re Treating the Wrong Problem | Dr. Chris Masterjohn EP 231


Episode Stats


Length

1 hour and 15 minutes

Words per minute

164.86

Word count

12,378

Sentence count

391


Transcript

Transcript generated with Whisper (turbo).
00:00:00.000 The idea that serotonin is primarily acting in the brain,
00:00:03.560 primarily acting on neurons,
00:00:05.360 primarily to boost your mood and make you happy,
00:00:07.780 is total nonsense.
00:00:09.380 And that is basically a marketing campaign
00:00:11.520 that arose because of the SSRIs in the 80s.
00:00:14.860 And the reality is...
00:00:16.960 Chris Masterjohn.
00:00:17.880 Thank you for having me.
00:00:18.740 My academic background is I have a PhD in nutritional sciences.
00:00:22.280 I've used that for helping people harness the power of nutrition
00:00:25.680 on their journey towards vibrant health.
00:00:27.520 One of the most interesting things about mitochondrial function is that it declines 1% per year with age.
00:00:34.440 The major driver of aging is that loss of mitochondrial function.
00:00:37.700 That's fascinating.
00:00:38.600 I remember the first time I took them, the first thing that happened was I was like, I can breathe.
00:00:43.140 SSRIs are mitochondrial drugs in ways that no one prescribing them understands.
00:00:47.600 Bentodiazepines are mitochondrial drugs in ways that no one prescribing them understands.
00:00:51.900 They'll do it in a way where you're supposed to cycle between stimulation and rest and recovery,
00:00:56.920 and they just put pedal to the metal 24 7 365. My dad's been very ill and I think SSRIs and then
00:01:04.540 his withdrawal was treated with clonazepam that just neurologically injured him. We were worried
00:01:09.060 it was Parkinson's but it's not Parkinson's it's like a neurological injury. What do you do?
00:01:20.240 Chris Masterjohn welcome to my podcast. Thank you for having me appreciate it.
00:01:24.040 i appreciate how fast you got back to me too i've been this is my dad's been very ill and we've had
00:01:30.760 a lot of chronic health issues in my family going back to like my great grandparents and we've gone
00:01:37.260 down a whole bunch of rabbit holes and some things have helped a lot and some things haven't but i
00:01:42.560 kind of got clued into mitochondrial dysfunction a couple of months ago i think because what my dad's
00:01:49.840 been sick with has been very difficult to treat and kind of like multifaceted. And it just seems
00:01:54.300 like something fundamental is very wrong. And I came across you. We just talked about this. I think
00:02:02.000 Mad in America did a podcast with you and it was transcribed and I was like, okay, this
00:02:06.200 is extremely interesting. And I hadn't really heard of this in the last 10 years. So I thought
00:02:14.040 we should talk so before i like inundate you with questions can you give a brief background about
00:02:21.260 who you are and what it is you do sure well my academic background is i have a phd in nutritional
00:02:26.740 sciences i've used that for the past couple of decades towards helping people harness the power
00:02:34.600 of nutrition on their journey towards vibrant health i've come to the realization through the
00:02:42.340 work that i've done over the past couple of decades that the driving force behind all health
00:02:49.180 and disease is the fundamental ability of your mitochondria which are the powerhouses of your
00:02:55.520 cells to extract the energy in the food that you eat and convert it into a usable form that usable
00:03:02.620 form is atp to support the fueling of the producing of everything in your body the maintenance to
00:03:09.580 repair, the distribution. And as a result of that journey, I now run a mitochondrial testing company
00:03:17.080 called Mitome. And my time is split between learning new things, both from reading the
00:03:26.820 most recent research, but also reanalyzing the research that goes back centuries and everything
00:03:33.800 in between towards coming up with new strategies that people can use without testing anything
00:03:40.600 or new strategies that people can use to make our product more useful to the people who
00:03:46.220 are using it.
00:03:47.560 Okay.
00:03:47.820 That's interesting.
00:03:49.300 So how do you, I guess we could start with that.
00:03:51.320 How do you test mitochondrial function?
00:03:55.160 Well, our interest is not in testing whether it's good or bad so much as it is in testing
00:04:00.360 what can we learn about it that would give you something actionable and also unique so if we
00:04:08.660 tested everyone uh who's in this town um and we're telling everyone the same thing or we're telling
00:04:14.960 half of the people one thing and half the people something up something else not really worth it
00:04:19.300 but if we can find you know each person one in a hundred type of advice that's unique to them i
00:04:25.980 think that's worth doing a test for so we're focused on that and the reason we can do that
00:04:31.680 is that although the mitochondria has at broad scope the fundamental problem of how to convert
00:04:40.360 your food that you're eating into energy using by the way the oxygen that you that you breathe
00:04:45.640 to do that there are specific engines that have specific requirements and you can break that
00:04:52.920 process down into different things that you can measure. And that has nutritional implications
00:04:58.780 because some of those things run on certain vitamins and some of those things run on others.
00:05:03.660 And if you look at the mitochondrial cocktails and supplements that people are taking, say you're
00:05:08.180 taking CoQ10, CoQ10 has a very specific role in that chain of reactions. And so measuring the
00:05:15.300 performance of those things around there can actually tell you something about whether there's
00:05:19.300 something unique about your needs for CoQ10 and so on. Cool. Okay. I didn't even know you were
00:05:25.860 able to measure that. So that's very interesting. Yeah. Okay. So I think part of what brought me to
00:05:32.380 mitochondrial dysfunction is we had a transformative experience going on an all meat diet.
00:05:39.440 And that was very out there. It's slightly less out there now, but it like completely changed my
00:05:45.480 dad and my mom, but, and my health, like dramatically. And then slowly research is
00:05:52.480 coming out being like, okay, maybe this is because you're in ketosis. Like who knows what other
00:05:56.660 factors are going on? Um, but at least there's some research being done now. But so that brought
00:06:01.260 me to the, to the nutrition side that completely changed my life. And then I got sick again when
00:06:05.480 I went to Miami and it was from black mold or, or just mold in general in my Miami house.
00:06:10.800 And I got a whole bunch of the symptoms that diet had originally fixed back, even though I hadn't changed my diet. And I was like, that's odd that it would kind of manifest in the same way as my food reactions. And I guess maybe the underlying factor was they both impact mitochondria. And that's what you say, right? Is that there's a whole bunch of things out there that can negatively impact your mitochondria and you get this weird array of symptoms because of that.
00:06:40.800 Yeah, that's absolutely true. So my familiarity with your story is basically what you've talked about on YouTube and what you've written up on your website.
00:06:50.740 And I think it seems like the key turning points are inflammatory disease in your youth, going on Enbrel and methotrexate, developing mental problems the next year, eight years old, and then going on SSRIs to treat that, having diet fix that.
00:07:14.280 then going off the SSRIs, having that lead to its own catastrophe. And that's where you and
00:07:20.280 your father's story kind of share similarity. And then this red meat carbohydrate are big
00:07:26.220 turning points in the mold toxins and the cholesterome in the treatment, right? So
00:07:30.040 when I look at that, I see some common threads that all relate to mitochondrial function. So
00:07:35.800 So first of all, in people, so Enbrel is one of numerous, they call them biologics, that
00:07:44.620 are drugs that are effectively blocking the function of an inflammatory mediator called
00:07:50.580 TNF-alpha.
00:07:52.260 And I've seen a pattern where people who have, people who go on those generally have
00:08:01.980 a pattern of mitochondrial dysfunction that leads to the buildup of toxic metabolites in
00:08:11.240 the mitochondria from the inability to fully process one of the molecules of food through
00:08:17.760 to the end product to extract the energy out of it. And one of the ways that you fix that
00:08:24.200 is you bring in carnitine, and carnitine is something that you make yourself,
00:08:31.400 but many people have genetic blocks in the ability to make it or to transport it,
00:08:36.740 and when you get it in the diet, you know where you get it from?
00:08:39.640 Meat.
00:08:40.340 Red meat.
00:08:41.620 Interesting.
00:08:42.060 Okay, so carnitine, the signal to bring carnitine in the cell
00:08:47.180 to detoxify those problems in the mitochondria is tnf alpha and other cytokines now i see another
00:08:56.120 problem or another pattern i should say a lot of times people who have an inflammatory disorder
00:09:02.720 that responds to a tnf blocking biologic then develop mental health problems while they're on
00:09:12.140 the tnf blocking biologic and i think the reason is that the tnf is there for a purpose and it's a
00:09:19.400 double-edged sword but the purpose is your mitochondria don't have enough carnitine and by
00:09:25.080 the way if you were eating a red meat diet you'd have that have more carnitine because you'd be
00:09:28.960 bring you'd be supplying it right but the demand to get carnitine into the cell especially when
00:09:34.520 you don't have a good supply is to make tnf alpha and other inflammatory cytokines that bring the
00:09:40.780 carnitine into the cell, right? So if you now go on a bio, now that TNF-alpha drives the
00:09:45.620 inflammatory disorder, it's going to interact with other genes and it's going to cause arthritis or
00:09:50.620 it's going to cause psoriasis or it's going to cause Crohn's disease or whatever it is.
00:09:55.440 And you're seeing that as the problem, but you're not seeing the problem that was fixing.
00:10:00.140 So then you go on the biologic and now the other problem is there. So you stopped the crazy
00:10:06.900 catastrophic inflammation, but now you've made aspects of mitochondrial function worse in a way
00:10:12.520 that your brain does not have the energy to control mental health and your brain starts
00:10:18.540 slipping on the control of certain weaknesses and those start to arise as that. And then you
00:10:24.640 get to SSRIs, which is a whole nother catastrophic problem to talk about. That's fascinating. Okay.
00:10:31.460 I mean, that totally makes sense.
00:10:33.760 Now, let me add one more thing.
00:10:34.980 So I noticed a few years ago when I had gotten sick and I had a cough that wouldn't go away
00:10:42.100 for like two months.
00:10:44.420 And I said to myself, I'm not sick anymore, but I still have a cough.
00:10:49.840 I must not be resolving the inflammation.
00:10:52.120 So I went and did a lot of research, went down rabbit holes on what causes T cells,
00:10:59.420 which are inflammatory cells involved in the inflammatory response to not go from the activated
00:11:05.100 pro-inflammatory state to the clean up this mess and resolve it state. And T-cells in their active
00:11:12.980 inflammatory state run for fuel on carbohydrate and glutamine. And you can't really control how
00:11:20.080 much glutamine is in your system without causing other problems, but you can certainly control the
00:11:25.340 amount of carbohydrate. So this lion diet, to me, is you're taking away the carbohydrate that
00:11:34.100 for some other reason, the T cells just won't stop activating, right? You take away the
00:11:41.220 carbohydrate, they calm down. You go on this very carnitine-rich diet. The only way you can get
00:11:47.480 meaningful amounts of carnitine with diet alone is to mostly eat red meat. And now you're solving
00:11:53.340 this problem that's going way back into childhood oh wow which is to stop this inflammatory demand
00:12:01.440 for the carnitine by just easing up on on it by supplying it you're starting your own college
00:12:06.900 yeah well it's well started the progressives hope for universal education at something approximating
00:12:12.400 zero cost that's what we've got we can bring you the best lectures that you'll be able to get
00:12:16.820 anywhere in terms of their quality of content and also the production values all the people
00:12:21.580 we're bringing on board are existential philosophers in some real sense. We think
00:12:25.980 that a humanities education should enrich your experience in every direction and be nothing
00:12:32.320 but positive. Well, except also difficult and challenging, but that's also positive.
00:12:37.320 Yeah, we certainly didn't have that when I was a kid.
00:12:45.820 I've gone down rabbit holes about like, ketogenic diet didn't work for me. It wasn't good enough.
00:12:51.240 i was still having inflammatory responses so i was like okay it can't just be ketosis that's like
00:12:56.420 helping me right now it's the elimination of everything else that's a contributing factor
00:13:01.100 and i've had so many different theories about what that is whether it's leaky gut and i'm
00:13:06.040 reacting to plant proteins that shouldn't be in my blood like something as simple as that
00:13:09.820 and then recently so it's been over 10 years since i stopped taking ssris which was i think
00:13:16.580 those were so detrimental to my health compared to everything else that I was on compared to the
00:13:21.880 mold exposure compared to everything that I think maybe is part of the reason I'm still not really
00:13:27.080 able to eat other things but I started reintroducing other things and I my reactions are much less
00:13:31.480 but I still feel best just eating meat which seems like something's still up and then the other thing
00:13:37.560 and this has hit my dad really hard and I think SSRIs and then his withdrawal was treated with
00:13:43.840 clonazepam that just neurologically injured him um which has its own mitochondrial thread
00:13:50.600 yeah i want to get into that too the difference between ssris and benzodiazepines but um we have
00:13:57.240 an extremely difficult time with most supplements especially vitamins so generally you go to a
00:14:03.380 doctor and even if it's a very good integrative doctor they'll be like okay well make sure you're
00:14:08.380 getting certain b vitamins and certain supplements like you talked about coq10 right um and we
00:14:16.180 haven't really found any that don't cause like excess energy agitation and then when i started
00:14:22.080 looking into mitochondrial dysfunction i was like does that mean is that a symptom too like an
00:14:27.760 inability to tolerate things that should be helpful yes um and i think that i think there
00:14:35.960 are a lot of idiosyncratic reasons why one person might not tolerate specific supplements
00:14:41.500 and another person might tolerate others. But it sounds like you don't tolerate any,
00:14:48.520 which is interesting. I can take folinic acid, but no other form of B vitamin really at all.
00:14:53.840 Yeah. I think your specific tolerance for folinic acid, I think, is probably a result
00:15:03.000 of a secondary layer of sulfur toxicity and i think that could that could explain like
00:15:09.660 intolerance and yeah and do you think that's from eating so much meat because that happened
00:15:16.800 yeah the hot the red meat back so the red meat carbohydrate restricted background although it
00:15:22.780 has plenty of benefits like we were just talking about um there are trade-offs and one of those
00:15:27.240 trade-offs is you have a very high intake of sulfur amino acids. You have a very low intake
00:15:34.420 of carbohydrate. Your body's going to make carbohydrate one way or another. And one of
00:15:38.840 the ways to do that is to break down sulfur amino acids and make carbohydrates. So you're right
00:15:42.700 there, you're predisposed to breaking down sulfur amino acids. Sulfur amino acids are very interwoven
00:15:49.260 with the methylation process where these B vitamins come in, like flannic acid is the form
00:15:56.460 of folate that's not related to methylation, methylfolate is the form that is related to
00:16:01.440 methylation. When you have more methylation than you need, you break down the fundamental
00:16:08.120 building block amino acids, which are sulfur amino acids. So you add, it's like pouring fuel
00:16:15.280 on the fire if you're going to add methylfolate to a diet that's high in red meat and low in
00:16:22.520 carbohydrate because now you've got two reasons to be breaking down those sulfur amino acids
00:16:26.080 and when you get too much broken down sulfur you wind up having mitochondrial toxicity
00:16:32.640 but you also have independent neurotoxicity going on as well and just neuro excitation so i think
00:16:40.620 this you described a feeling of agitation or what do you mean by that restlessness yeah can't sleep
00:16:47.920 it's um it's always if it's really bad it's like severe insomnia for a couple of days so this
00:16:55.240 happened i was trying to test out different forms of b9 so i did methylfolate and then i did
00:17:00.920 folic acid which i know people are moving away from but this was before i could get my hands
00:17:06.260 on like folinic acid properly um but it seems to be almost every b vitamin maybe b1 is less bad
00:17:13.280 but i still it's restless legs and i would say restless legs is the worst part and insomnia and
00:17:19.780 with dad it's even worse but then my mom who's been on this diet the same almost the same length
00:17:25.580 as me is totally fine has like none of that so we're in like my family's in this position where
00:17:32.100 the diet helps can't really move it but there's obviously something going on and we couldn't
00:17:38.860 figured out if it's methylation damage she was never on any psych meds yeah so it seems like
00:17:44.500 you got some genes from your dad that are not ideal threads between the well it just seems like
00:17:50.120 your dad and you share yeah like a lot aspects of your story that you don't with your mom so
00:17:54.780 yeah um i think that was from we were both on ssris for like a decade yeah so i feel like some
00:18:01.460 of it's that but you were both on ssris for a reason right oh yeah for severe crippling mental
00:18:07.360 illness. Yes, it wasn't just for fun. So I'm saying like, yes, it's true that you and your
00:18:12.340 dad share health history because you both went on SSRIs, but you also both went on SSRIs because
00:18:17.280 you share health history, right? So anyway, I think it's possible that there are many explanations
00:18:24.960 and it's possible that there's one. If I were to try to make this all fit into one explanation,
00:18:29.820 I would say that these different B vitamins are all playing various roles in methylation and
00:18:35.440 sulfur metabolism, those two things intersect. You know, when your sulfur metabolism is messed
00:18:42.620 up, you're going to have more insomnia, you're going to have more anxiety, you're going to have
00:18:46.840 more restlessness, restless legs. I think that's the simple explanation is these are interacting
00:18:52.680 with those two systems in a way that's aggravating sulfur metabolism. And I think even though the
00:18:58.940 red meat, low carb diet is helping you a lot in many ways. It's kind of a baseline predisposition
00:19:06.620 to having those problems. And so I think that's the best explanation for that. And I do think
00:19:13.420 that a lot of people who are intolerant to supplements could work on maybe work within
00:19:23.400 the diet to try to to boost those nutrients up at a at a much lighter level because you might
00:19:30.220 benefit from more of them but you might not need i was thinking hundreds of milligrams i was
00:19:35.000 thinking it might be a dosing problem dad pointed out the b vitamin intolerance the before he was
00:19:40.000 even on a ssri so this was like maybe 10 years before the diet he was he he just said i can't
00:19:46.400 take b vitamins but that was about as deep we got into it so maybe that's methylation issues or
00:19:51.180 mitochondrial something. Okay. Well, that's cool. Cause that's kind of where my research has brought
00:19:56.840 me to was something's up with the sulfur part. You know, anyway, what do people do if they're
00:20:05.160 stuck in a position where they're extremely sensitized to things or chronically ill and
00:20:10.880 they're having a hard time treating themselves and think they think maybe it could be mitochondrial
00:20:15.380 dysfunction? Like, how do you just start tapping into that treatment for that?
00:20:18.700 Yeah, well, I, you know, I think there are different people have different amount of resources. And so there's different things that you can try on your own. And there's, there's, you know, you can achieve faster results with testing. But I think that for sure, like people who are supplement intolerant should just get out of the framework of like, I need to take this supplement, and should, you know, work on trying to look at their diet and analyze their micronutrients and get and gently lift up.
00:20:48.700 those those nutrients through the diet because supplements are you know a lot of people don't
00:20:55.100 have any problem with taking 10 times or 100 times what they need but some people do and the fact
00:21:01.260 that you negatively reacted to 200 milligrams doesn't mean you don't need two more milligrams
00:21:05.340 of a b vitamin in your diet so i think that can be very helpful um you know are the reason that i
00:21:12.780 that i developed the mitochondrial testing product is because it can help shed a lot of
00:21:17.420 light on stuff like this. I had one, and the worst part about it is there are these trends out there
00:21:25.240 where people get really good results from mega dosing something. And then even clinicians pick
00:21:32.880 it up as like they read the anecdotes, they hear the stories, and that becomes a treatment for that
00:21:38.740 thing. And so one example is high dose thiamine, vitamin B1. And there's a lot of people who get
00:21:46.000 miraculous results from taking 2000 milligrams a day, even though we're all getting like 1.3
00:21:51.800 milligrams a day in our diet. So that's light years between those two things. And one of the
00:21:58.580 people who used our mitochondrial test had a problem with fatigue. And that was her only
00:22:07.380 problem at the time was her fatigue was 10 out of 10. So it was a problem, but she didn't have any
00:22:13.140 other problems at that time. So her practitioner puts her on high-dose thiamine, about 1,000
00:22:20.120 milligrams a day. And the fatigue does start getting better. But then she develops some kind
00:22:27.580 of neuromuscular problem where she couldn't walk straight and she couldn't keep her balance.
00:22:33.560 And she stayed on the thiamine for months while this was happening and getting worse before she
00:22:38.960 realized she had to get off of it. And when we ran the mitochondrial testing on it, it basically
00:22:44.520 said like, look, you have some blocks here. And if you funnel, if you just dump energy down that
00:22:52.300 pathway, you're going to run into some trouble. And so she might've needed thiamin, but because
00:22:57.340 that just unleashed energy in one pathway, dumping on something else that was blocked,
00:23:02.720 that really caused a lot of mitochondrial stress for her. And cutting out the thiamin was very
00:23:07.720 helpful. Gently raising the other B vitamins with foods that had all of them very slowly over time
00:23:15.680 was very helpful. And the last piece of the puzzle for her was physical therapy too. I think even
00:23:22.580 though nutrition is incredibly powerful in causing health or disease, if you've got a neuromuscular
00:23:30.320 condition, you also need specific exercises to address that. Proper nutrition gives your body
00:23:36.760 the power to respond to those exercises, but those exercises are what actually restore your
00:23:41.580 balance or your neuromuscular function. And so I think testing can be extremely valuable when it
00:23:53.200 comes to trying to address those things that are unique between people. But a general rule is if
00:24:00.320 you don't react well to mega dosing, stop mega dosing. Yeah, for sure. Okay, interesting. So
00:24:06.440 what do you recommend, um, for natural ways to increase your overall level of B vitamins?
00:24:14.620 Um, the two big dietary factors are organ meats and nutritional yeast. Now nutritional yeast on
00:24:22.520 the market has a lot of B vitamins added to it. Usually there are a couple of brands out there
00:24:28.960 that are unfortified i only use unfortified nutritional yeast because uh because i why
00:24:37.200 would i take like i don't i don't eat fortified foods because then i'm not eating a no i'm not
00:24:42.400 getting my nutrients from food like the whole point of improving the quality of your foods
00:24:47.120 is to get food nutrients not supplements right yeah so unfortified nutritional yeast i think
00:24:53.360 is a great source of B vitamins it doesn't have all of them liver as an organ meat is like
00:24:59.680 through the roof in almost all the B vitamins so if I had to pick one of those I'd do liver
00:25:06.080 okay I have a question on this so one of the things I haven't strictly avoided I'll have
00:25:11.920 liver sometimes but at the beginning of this like meat journey and trying to get healthier
00:25:17.560 I couldn't handle liver yeah was that a B vitamin issue because I was like any part of the cow seems
00:25:22.860 okay but liver is like something doesn't make me feel good in your case i think it's a b vitamin
00:25:28.300 issue but there's but liver is you know if you're gonna overdose on anything from liver
00:25:33.900 b vitamins vitamin a and copper are kind of the things that it's really really high in
00:25:39.340 um and so anyone with a problem in any of those things can have a problem with liver
00:25:44.540 in your case it just makes sense to pin it on the b vitamins because you've also tried the
00:25:48.780 the isolated supplements, you know, and the fact that you tolerate folinic acid, not methylfolate
00:25:53.360 gives a very super specific, like it, it makes it, it makes it overall not sound meaningless.
00:26:00.280 Like I just, you know, every time I take something, I get sick. The fact that you have
00:26:06.080 really specific, like I tolerate this form of folate and not that one, I think adds a lot of
00:26:12.700 scientific plausibility to the idea that you've got b vitamin things going on so for you i would
00:26:19.380 pin it on b vitamins well maybe i need is maybe it's a dosing problem too and i need to start
00:26:23.440 with like one liver capsule i know that's for sure true and you know that person that i was
00:26:31.160 talking about definitely had some like even with the foods had some some dosing things and i think
00:26:38.180 that was you know i think it's i don't think it usually gets that far until you mess some other
00:26:44.000 things up but yeah okay that's interesting well i think i knew we need to do this test
00:26:52.400 we did like earlier this year we've been in touch with so many doctors for my dad this year and we
00:26:57.800 ran a bunch of genetic screening because we're like how much of this is this weird b vitamin
00:27:01.960 problem but he can't take any b vitamins without skyrocketing symptoms to like
00:27:07.720 someone that looks like they should be in the hospital right with a little bit of a b vitamin
00:27:12.820 it's like okay what what do we do there so we ran about we did sequencing.com i think and looked at
00:27:18.160 the genome and ran that through some like third-party sites and there were there were
00:27:22.620 some methylation problems here and some like comp problems or um but we haven't done that test that
00:27:28.700 sounds maybe necessary at this point yeah well yeah we can we'll arrange that and i think that
00:27:37.020 could shed a lot that could allow the sequencing to shed a lot more light than it has as well
00:27:42.820 because um you know because if you find specific things wrong in the mitochondria they might have
00:27:47.940 a genetic basis and those whole genome sequencing reports are like even if you are an expert you
00:27:53.820 really can't just go inside the file and find what's important without having a structured way
00:28:01.420 of digging for it i mean thank goodness for ai that's made it a lot easier but it's still a lot
00:28:05.880 of data okay okay interesting well then let's go back to um can we touch on ssris and benzodiazepines
00:28:15.340 a bit sure because it concerns me because um like a lot of dad's symptoms honestly they look like
00:28:20.620 previous neurological damage that we kind of thought was resolved that's flared up for no
00:28:29.180 reason like no there was no medication trigger he's very careful with his health other than
00:28:35.400 doing a lot of work but other than that he's very careful and it's like why did all these
00:28:40.180 symptoms come back and i've been talking to people who were on ssris or benzodiazepines
00:28:44.680 being like yeah sometimes symptoms can come back from this like original neurological injury
00:28:50.520 so do you have any information on like why do some people get such severe they call it
00:28:57.560 protracted withdrawal or something like that but why do some people get so sick when they
00:29:02.720 stop these medications and some people don't and some people can take years
00:29:07.900 well um i think what the average doctor who prescribes ssri's thinks is based on the
00:29:18.500 randomized controlled trials, which show that withdrawal problems are rare, benign, and quickly
00:29:26.980 self-resolving. The problem with the trials is that the average person is on SSRIs for five years
00:29:34.180 and almost all of the trials are 12 weeks or shorter. And there's one trial that there's only
00:29:44.080 one placebo-controlled trial that is a year long, and there are no trials of them at all anywhere
00:29:52.040 that are five years long. Now, if you look at the observational literature where people are surveyed
00:29:59.880 about whether they have the withdrawal problems and how bad they were and how long they were on
00:30:04.660 them, what that shows is that it looks a lot worse at one year than it does at 12 weeks from the
00:30:10.960 trials, two years, if you've been on them for two years, getting off is a lot harder.
00:30:16.980 And then if you've been on them for five years or eight years or 11 years or 12 years,
00:30:22.360 and it's catastrophically harder.
00:30:24.240 Yeah.
00:30:24.500 I don't know that we know that this isn't common among people who have been on them
00:30:30.600 for five to 12 years.
00:30:32.840 Because if you look at the people who have been on for at least one year, 38% of them
00:30:37.920 tried to get off and went back on because they couldn't get off.
00:30:40.960 um and the other people are the ones with the withdrawal problems right yeah so i i do think
00:30:48.220 that the general uh description of this problem that conventional medicine sees is basically a
00:30:57.360 scam which is they know that their trials aren't long enough but they like that and you know because
00:31:05.700 it's like every time you test something for 12 weeks, this is true in nutrition as well.
00:31:13.140 Studies of fish oil, for example, look, high dose fish oil looks great when you take it for 12
00:31:17.940 weeks. It doesn't look so hot when you take it for four years, five years, six years. And that's
00:31:22.480 not to say that people shouldn't eat fish or shouldn't get omega-3 fatty acids. It's just
00:31:27.700 to say that you can't generalize from a 12-week trial to a five-year experience. And so I think
00:31:35.520 this might be a lot more normal than we think it is. And I think a lot of people don't ever go off
00:31:40.180 of them because of that. And then a lot of people who do just aren't taken seriously. Like when I
00:31:45.360 started writing about this, then I got numerous comments from people who said, you know, like my
00:31:51.000 entire life was destroyed by this. Yeah. And, you know, I lost my marriage. I lost my job. I lost
00:31:57.460 everything. And like, no one believes me, you know. So I think this is very common. But the
00:32:03.420 principal problem I think is just being on them for a long time but the you know if like if we
00:32:10.780 were to pray like father forgive pharma because they know not what they do like it would be very
00:32:16.220 very literal in the sense that pharma doesn't know what their drugs do and it's not really
00:32:22.120 their fault that they don't know it's that the human metabolism is way more complex than any of
00:32:29.400 us understand and so it always turns out that if you invent something that's never existed before
00:32:35.480 because you think it acts on one receptor to do one thing um it does a bunch of other stuff that
00:32:42.640 you have no idea about possibly as a primary mechanism not they call it off target but what
00:32:48.060 they mean is we didn't intend that yeah and it's like you know so i think pharma doesn't but now
00:32:53.760 they are to blame for, you know, knowing that things are probably not so hot at five years of
00:33:00.380 use than they are at 12 weeks and designing their trials to not know about those things like that's
00:33:05.580 their fault. But it would be very, very hard for anyone to come up with a new drug and then with
00:33:11.480 any reasonable timeframe, everything that it does. Now, it turns out, though, that SSRI science
00:33:18.380 basically destroyed the integrity of serotonin science. So the idea that serotonin is primarily
00:33:25.180 acting in the brain, primarily acting on neurons, primarily to boost your mood and make you happy
00:33:31.560 is total nonsense. And that is basically a marketing campaign that arose because of the
00:33:37.900 SSRIs in the 80s. And the reality is that serotonin's primary role is to assist mitochondrial
00:33:46.360 adaptations to absolute or relative deficits of oxygen. Oh my gosh. That's completely different.
00:33:53.800 Yeah. That's not the same thing at all. Right. Okay. So when you, if you take,
00:33:57.780 if you inhale and you take a breath in, even if you were very good at breathing,
00:34:03.160 not every segment of your lungs would be equally oxygenated, but most of us just
00:34:08.000 breathe like shit anyway. Right. So we, we, you know, use a third of our lungs or whatever. Right.
00:34:13.180 So you need some way to not send the blood that the heart is pumping to all of the lungs equally and to only go after the oxygenated parts.
00:34:25.080 Serotonin is the traffic cop that sends the blood away from the poorly oxygenated parts to the oxygenated parts.
00:34:34.780 Okay.
00:34:35.920 I didn't know it did that.
00:34:37.100 And if you don't have it now, keep in mind, hypoxia doesn't mean that you're strangled.
00:34:44.300 Like when you exercise, you now need more oxygen than you have.
00:34:49.320 And that's why you start breathing harder.
00:34:51.320 When you wake up in the morning, you now need more oxygen because your metabolic rate went
00:34:56.800 down when you went to sleep.
00:34:57.780 Your mitochondria took a nap.
00:34:59.360 Now they're waking up with you, but they have to adjust.
00:35:02.420 when you go outside and you get the morning sunlight, that signals serotonin to rise in
00:35:07.140 your brain and create all those mitochondrial adaptations. Same thing when you're exercising.
00:35:13.700 And in fact, serotonin is a major controller of the breathing rate. If you don't have enough
00:35:18.900 oxygen in your bloodstream relative to your needs, serotonin gets released in your brainstem
00:35:23.980 and makes you breathe more. So we completely misunderstand. Even in your gastrointestinal
00:35:32.800 tract, 95% of your serotonin is in the gut, right? What is it doing there? It's not being
00:35:38.380 made there to be sent to the brain. It's being made there to regulate the gastrointestinal
00:35:43.960 motility. When you eat food, your gut uses up all its oxygen to digest that food.
00:35:52.500 And if you don't push it along to the next segment, it's just sitting there.
00:35:58.500 It's going to make that intestinal segment very hypoxic.
00:36:03.100 It'll die, right?
00:36:04.400 Serotonin acts as the thing that moves things along in the gut.
00:36:08.560 Now, this is why two weeks of an SSRI causes nausea and vomiting because your gut is overdosing
00:36:14.240 on serotonin.
00:36:15.260 This is why if you take an MAO inhibitor and you take an SSRI and you get serotonin syndrome
00:36:21.380 as a result it causes you to breathe too much right because that because serotonin is a whole
00:36:26.420 body chemical that is coordinating everything from your breath to inside the cell mitochondria
00:36:34.860 producing what they need to produce energy the proteins that they need wow all of that is
00:36:40.240 regulated by serotonin so i'll stop there and i've been talking for a while but well that's pin one
00:36:45.060 that's wild so that explains like part of the reason well dad went on ssri is because he was
00:36:53.400 crippled crippled by depression and it was also something that ran in my family which i think
00:36:58.580 has something to do with these like this b vitamin issue and who knows what but like my grandpa was
00:37:03.600 crippled by depression my great grandpa was crippled and like disabled you know not like
00:37:08.680 you know how people disabled depression not like i'm sad but like i can't move off the couch
00:37:14.880 and so dad started them and they initially helped and then when i was you know i can't remember i
00:37:21.540 think i was 10 when i was on them or 11 or something like that um but i remember the first
00:37:25.540 time i took them the first thing that happened was i was like i can breathe that was the first
00:37:30.600 symptom it was yeah and dad had the same thing instead of being like i can't breathe it was like
00:37:35.440 oh my lungs are like working and then slept for about a week and was like oh i can breathe
00:37:41.760 and so it was such like a massive i can breathe and relax type of reaction then it was like well
00:37:50.220 these are life-saving and then life-ruining eventually but that's so that that's that's
00:37:57.340 interesting because this symptom of not being able to inhale was one of the main symptoms that
00:38:01.860 kind of went along with the depression yeah i think someone coming from a conventional background
00:38:06.500 would listen to that and they would say oh well you had anxiety and you started to relax
00:38:11.160 sri yeah but but people don't right to people don't they everyone always wants to pin anything
00:38:18.880 that anyone on who's depressed anxious or is on ssri's on psychological anxiety yeah and they
00:38:25.700 ignore the fact that the breathing rate is physiologically controlled yes but worst of all
00:38:30.580 it's physiologically controlled in a way that you don't understand by the chemical that your drug
00:38:35.940 is acting on. There is definitely a problem with SSRI withdrawal being underappreciated and
00:38:48.920 under-researched, but that is not the primary problem why no one can solve this. The primary
00:38:54.140 problem why no one can solve this is that no one understands serotonin and they don't understand
00:38:58.960 SSRIs. And so one of the crazy things about what I just told you about serotonin and mitochondrial
00:39:04.900 function is that part of what serotonin does to facilitate that is outside the cell. A lot of it
00:39:13.240 is inside the cell. Serotonin, to do that, has to travel inside the cell, has to travel to the
00:39:18.120 mitochondria and directly acts on mitochondrial receptors, then goes into the mitochondria and
00:39:24.180 gets converted to melatonin, which has enormous benefits inside the mitochondria as well,
00:39:29.100 all as part of this. So you take what they think. They named the SSRI after the fact that it
00:39:36.100 prevents the reuptake by the neurons. So in their mind, all they're doing is just keeping serotonin
00:39:41.960 in the synapse. What they're really doing is they're blocking the transport of serotonin
00:39:47.320 into the cell, in the brain, and in every tissue of the body, in every cell, in the placenta,
00:39:54.120 in the gut, everywhere, right? And so SSRIs are, they're facilitating part of the serotonin
00:40:04.840 mitochondrial adaptations, but they're preventing others. But then what other thing people don't
00:40:12.280 realize is that SSRIs also go into the cell. And then they act on receptors inside the cell that
00:40:18.420 have nothing to do with serotonin, that are supposed to be activated in a cyclical stress
00:40:24.600 response. And so SSRIs themselves will cause positive mitochondrial adaptations,
00:40:31.540 but they'll do it in a way where you're supposed to cycle between stimulation and rest and recovery,
00:40:37.660 and they just put pedal to the metal 24-7, 365. And so I think when people go off of these,
00:40:45.140 they are developing new-onset mitochondrial dysfunction as a result of their mitochondria
00:40:51.440 becoming essentially addicted to this crazy mix of signaling that they're now just pounded with
00:40:58.300 all the time. And with the clonazepam, so one thing is definitely true is that
00:41:09.100 that withdrawal from any benzodiazepine in neurons that respond to those benzodiazepines,
00:41:18.740 and they're acting on primarily acting on GABA receptors, which is the inhibitory rest and relax
00:41:24.420 sort of neurotransmitter. It's definitely true that when you withdraw that, the neurons get
00:41:31.820 overactivated and the overactivation of a neuron beyond a certain threshold will cause mitochondrial
00:41:38.020 toxicity, because you're basically throwing demand for mitochondrial metabolism through
00:41:44.200 the roof, and the mitochondria can't keep up with that, and they're crushed by it.
00:41:49.540 Now, clonazepam also, it's unclear how much it does this at the doses that people are
00:41:57.180 taking, but one new piece of the puzzle with clonazepam is that clonazepam also goes into
00:42:04.620 the mitochondria and, and basically switches it on. That makes sense. Okay. So this is what
00:42:11.100 happened with dad. He, we start, we were still very depressed on the SSRIs. Like initially
00:42:18.380 they fixed things, but for me, I got, I got worse and worse and worse. Um, and then when I started
00:42:25.320 to fix my diet and I was on more of a paleo heavy meat, paleo diet, the depression lifted. I could
00:42:30.160 just feel myself I was like oh my gosh I'm never taking another medication again like that was my
00:42:35.280 response and I came off of them really quickly and then experienced SSRI withdrawal dad did the
00:42:39.740 same thing his SSRI withdrawal looked like mine except it looked way worse and then after and he
00:42:46.460 went on Rogan and he was like yeah I had at he gets made fun of for this I had apple cider which
00:42:53.260 it had a sodium metabisulfite preservative that he I don't know what happened when when he took
00:42:58.740 that but i had a similar reaction it was catastrophic he didn't sleep for like two or
00:43:02.480 three weeks and couldn't walk he was green he was like hunched over like it was catastrophic
00:43:07.960 but we knew going to a hospital we knew we well we didn't know what to do and he eventually went
00:43:13.840 to his family doctor who prescribed him clonazepam and he took a like a low one clonazepam and he
00:43:21.200 slept through the night for the first time in two or three weeks and went back this is so easy to
00:43:25.020 went back to work and we were like well thank goodness he was like hunched over not able to
00:43:31.380 walk pale yeah he couldn't breathe he kept being like i can't breathe like horrible reaction um
00:43:37.040 and then he took a clonazepam and like normalized yeah and we know that that was during antidepressant
00:43:42.800 withdrawal but like didn't know what to do at the time he obviously had no idea that
00:43:45.960 how catastrophic it was going to be eventually but was so sick i think we just didn't know what
00:43:51.700 to do so yeah what's your comment on that um well does that seem like so i mean so so clearly you
00:43:58.600 and your dad both have a sulfur problem as a common thread and that was before that was just
00:44:03.980 before the meat diet right well i'm not yeah i'm not i don't want to what i said before wasn't to
00:44:11.800 suggest that the meat diet is the primary reason you have a sulfur metabolism problem but it can
00:44:17.080 I think sulfur metabolism problems are very common as secondary layers on top of any kind
00:44:24.280 of mitochondrial dysfunction because an energetic crisis leads to the cell saying, where can I get
00:44:31.080 energy? It takes it from anywhere. And so it'll start breaking down sulfur amino acids. And as
00:44:36.160 a result of that, if that pathway doesn't go to completion easily and smoothly, you get
00:44:42.280 the production of something called S-sulfocysteine, which is a glutamate receptor activator,
00:44:52.180 okay? So you've got clonazepam is activating GABA, and S-sulfocysteine derived from the
00:45:00.380 sulfite preservative in apple cider is stimulating glutamate. And so the fact that the clonazepam
00:45:06.300 just shuts it off is you know it just makes so much sense it's you know it's one lever keeps you
00:45:12.680 stimulated the other one yeah puts you to sleep it's just two it's just two levers right and so
00:45:18.300 it's idiosyncrotic that the that the stimulatory lever would be uh you know that a glass of apple
00:45:25.600 cider is gonna be the thing that that that's you know that's not normal um no it was messed up no
00:45:31.640 but it's but it's completely possible and it does fit in very well with the other stuff you've been
00:45:36.060 talking about. The high-level summary is that SSRIs are mitochondrial drugs in ways that no
00:45:46.440 one prescribing them understands. Bentodiazepines are mitochondrial drugs in ways that no one
00:45:52.420 prescribing them understands. You can get mitochondrial toxicity from the drugs, but what
00:46:00.980 appears to be much more common is that people get new onset mitochondrial dysfunction after they
00:46:07.920 stop the drugs. And I think that even though that's very common, the why exactly did it happen
00:46:20.280 and what exactly would you do about it to make it better and what exactly would be the trigger to
00:46:25.500 make it worse? Like, would it be the apple cider? I think those are very idiosyncratic. And part of
00:46:31.860 the reason I say that is we've had a couple people who have used our test that had very bad,
00:46:38.780 catastrophic, energetic failures after SSRI withdrawal. In one case, the guy was
00:46:46.620 fully functional, but he developed all kinds of neuromuscular problems.
00:46:52.420 he developed you know urinary and electrolyte problems he lost 17 pounds of muscle mass during
00:46:59.740 this period he couldn't travel it was bad the other one was in his 20s in his early 20s and
00:47:09.760 he had chronic fatigue so fat so bad he was basically bed rest for a year he couldn't stand
00:47:15.600 up in the shower because it took too much energy there was a period for for a month and in there
00:47:20.820 where he couldn't even get up to go to the bathroom. And he, you know, the kid's like 23,
00:47:25.160 right? But their tests look totally different. And the second case, I don't have data on yet,
00:47:31.780 but the first case was a year ago. And I know exactly what made him better and exactly how
00:47:37.760 he's doing now. And his role, his results were phenomenal. So his results showed that he had,
00:47:44.040 And when we ran the test alongside his genome, we saw the exact reason for this, but his
00:47:51.500 mitone testing showed that he couldn't transport methyl groups from the methylation process
00:47:56.920 into his mitochondria.
00:47:58.900 And one thing that people-
00:47:59.880 I bet I have that.
00:48:00.460 Yeah.
00:48:00.860 That's what it feels like.
00:48:01.700 A lot of people that talk about methylation don't talk about how important it is to actually
00:48:05.840 produce the engines in the mitochondria that make your energy, right?
00:48:10.940 So it turned out with that test and his whole genome sequencing that he had a mutation that
00:48:17.280 just blocked that transporter that's responsible for that process. So it makes a lot of sense.
00:48:21.440 But anyway, his protocol was very methylation centric, but it was a little bit kind of
00:48:29.560 accelerated compared to what most people might do for methylation. But he had to microdose his
00:48:34.460 way through it so he took creatine but he had to take a hundred milligrams of creatine a day
00:48:40.880 for a few months before he started working his way up in 100 milligram increments up to normal
00:48:47.500 doses like one two three four five grams a lot of people are out there talking about 20 grams of
00:48:51.980 creatine yeah i've tried creatine and it doesn't make me feel good but i'm taking like to make you
00:48:57.360 feel bad scoop or something not like other things it's not like agitation i just something doesn't
00:49:02.520 feel good yeah um but not like b vitamins but i'm taking like a scoop it would be interesting
00:49:08.660 to microdose but anyway in his case um he wrote in at the six week mark the six month mark the
00:49:16.420 eight and a half month mark and the one year mark by six weeks he said he had felt he was
00:49:21.920 feeling better than he had in years by six to eight and a half months he was saying like he
00:49:27.420 had gotten his whole life back. At the one year mark, he had regained all 17 pounds of muscle
00:49:34.380 that he had lost in that one year. And I was like, wow, that's incredible. But anyway,
00:49:39.840 you know, his results were stable over the course of a year. So I think that's really important.
00:49:44.920 Wow. And you could see, okay, let's just go back for a second to you talking about serotonin,
00:49:51.420 how it moves in and out of the cell and everything. How do you know that? Like,
00:49:54.880 how can you measure that? I didn't even know that was measurable because I know-
00:49:58.620 How is it known that serotonin goes into the cell?
00:50:01.360 Yeah.
00:50:02.660 Oh, well, you can look at it from a couple angles. There are different ways to measure
00:50:08.060 whether something gets into a cell, but one way to do it would be to use, you can,
00:50:16.440 so you can synthesize molecules and you can label them with isotopes where you can tell the
00:50:23.800 difference between serotonin that you put on the outside of the cell and serotonin that the cell
00:50:29.860 made itself. So that would be one way to see that is that you see that the isotopically labeled
00:50:34.920 serotonin makes its way into the cell. But when you're dealing with these kind of like
00:50:42.320 biochemical pathways, there's never any one study that can illuminate the whole body of
00:50:50.140 knowledge. You have to look at it from a bunch of different angles. And whenever you look at it
00:50:54.900 from one angle, you're like losing perspective on another one. And so when all those angles start to
00:50:59.540 agree with one another, that's when you really start to believe that you have the right picture.
00:51:04.180 But another thing you can do is just take isolated mitochondria and you can say, okay,
00:51:11.680 what if we incubate them without serotonin or with serotonin? What does it do to the amount
00:51:17.280 of melatonin inside. And if incubating them with serotonin makes the melatonin go through the roof
00:51:23.180 and they don't get that melatonin when the serotonin is not there, that's another way to say,
00:51:28.680 okay, once the serotonin is in the cell, one of its roles is to go in there. And then if you want
00:51:34.400 to say it acts on one receptor to do one thing, what you do is you just find something that blocks
00:51:39.540 the ability to activate that receptor. And this is getting into the weeds of what molecular
00:51:45.400 biologists do all day. That was exactly what I wanted. It was like, okay, that was good. You
00:51:51.400 know your stuff. Sometimes I'll throw a question out there. I'll be like, well, but yeah, but how
00:51:55.320 do you know that for sure? It's like, well, and then things go a little sideways. That was really
00:51:59.980 good. That was like, okay, that was impressive. I can show you pictures of the stacks of the
00:52:04.000 papers that I read with all the highlighting and notes all over it. I can see that. That's wild to
00:52:11.040 me okay so that's all kind of like you know bad news other than the testing and the the case studies
00:52:17.440 you said you have where people are getting better but like i'm going to use my dad's as an example
00:52:22.660 i've managed i'm extremely functional now i'm kind of a bubble person and i'm very sensitive to things
00:52:28.500 um but compared to how i was like it's a completely different story my dad hasn't he's had he had
00:52:36.240 periods of good time, but he gets hit so hard and he gets neurological. It looks like we know it's
00:52:43.720 a neurological injury, you know, and it's not a psych disorder. You know, last summer when he
00:52:49.580 got sick, we, we were worried it was Parkinson's. We're like, what are these symptoms? But it's not
00:52:54.500 Parkinson's. It's like a neurological injury. What do you, what do you do? Like, what should
00:53:00.320 you do do the test figure out which pathways are blocked and like slowly rebuild yeah red light
00:53:06.980 like what do you do for these kind of things well first of all you know the the medical diagnosis
00:53:14.120 is it's it's a model for understanding like it's basically a model to predict whether
00:53:20.040 someone is going to respond to the treatment that you are giving and a lot of people lose sight that
00:53:25.860 you know whenever you have a model there's a saying in statistics all models are false and
00:53:31.080 some are useful and what that means is whenever you have a model you are using a reality distortion
00:53:36.640 filter not and i'm not saying that's a bad thing you are making the data more useful but to make
00:53:42.700 it useful you're uh ignoring a lot of stuff and so when you get to this question of like is it
00:53:47.760 parkinson's or not there's a lot of things that cause things that look just like parkinson's yeah
00:53:52.800 Yeah. So now they've come up with the term Parkinsonism because you can say that this
00:53:57.500 other disease causes Parkinsonism, but it's not Parkinson's. And at some point you have to be
00:54:03.280 like, you know, if you look at the primary animal model to produce Parkinson's, they use the fish
00:54:09.280 poison rhodonone, which is a specific inhibitor of one of one specific mitochondrial engine that
00:54:17.020 we test on our test, right? And so if you can just produce, like, are they producing Parkinson's
00:54:23.400 or are they just producing Parkinsonism and does it matter and should we care? I think the answer
00:54:29.140 is it doesn't matter and we shouldn't care because neuromuscular dysfunction is a result
00:54:35.840 of mitochondrial dysfunction because you cannot produce enough energy to control where the rest
00:54:44.440 of your energy is going. And a lot of people don't realize that everyone realizes that to be
00:54:50.180 energetic requires energy and to be active requires energy. But what people don't realize
00:54:55.340 is that to rest requires energy and to sleep requires energy because your body controlling
00:55:03.180 that the energy is going into one place and not the other requires energy. It's just like,
00:55:08.660 you know do all the tesla batteries and gasoline get to the right places you yes with trucks that
00:55:15.880 are burning gas to get them there right yeah like and so if you think about some of the
00:55:21.160 characteristics of parkinsonism you're you're talking about what is a tremor it's you cannot
00:55:29.140 control whether your hand is relaxed or doing something and so it's in between yeah and what
00:55:35.040 is rigidity it's you can't control when your muscle is flexed and when it's relaxed and so
00:55:40.720 it's something in between and what is um you know parkinson patients often can't uh complete like
00:55:48.140 you want them to do this and they do something much weaker and you know what that shows you is
00:55:53.340 that they're contracting all the time when they don't need to but when you really ask them to
00:55:57.460 follow through with a really good controlled contraction they can't do it and so it's that
00:56:03.080 the best way to see that is that you need the top 20% of your energy to really control where
00:56:08.400 the bottom 80% goes. And when you lose that, especially when you lose it in the parts of the
00:56:12.900 brain that are responsible for controlling movements, you get things like that. And I think
00:56:18.120 that there is some value to trying to categorize it. But at the end of the day, what medical
00:56:26.480 diagnosis really misses is what if you have a copy and paste between half of two diseases what
00:56:35.000 you get is a rare undiagnosable disease but if you if you left these boxes and you just looked
00:56:41.060 at things as a continuum you would say okay what's the underlying biochemistry and how do we fix it
00:56:45.240 and you cannot diagnose anyone with anything and you can say well what's the underlying biochemistry
00:56:50.000 and how do we fix it? And so with Mitome, we operate outside of medical diagnosis and we're
00:56:59.480 just trying to help people understand their biochemistry to help them help themselves
00:57:03.040 because there's a time for a specialist and a diagnosis and that's there, but we really don't
00:57:10.680 have many people saying, I don't feel great. I don't know why. The doctor has nothing for me.
00:57:16.920 What can I learn about myself so I can do better?
00:57:20.140 And I think that's where we're trying to operate.
00:57:24.280 But I think that there are certainly – the time to do testing is when you've hit the wall of your knowledge.
00:57:34.080 You're doing everything right according to what you believe is right, and now you need to learn something else.
00:57:39.260 So I think that's where your dad is.
00:57:42.080 You're extremely knowledgeable.
00:57:43.820 Start there and then move forward.
00:57:44.320 He's very knowledgeable.
00:57:45.220 You guys are doing your best.
00:57:46.920 because now you need to get the missing pieces of information that you don't have and so i think
00:57:51.420 that's that's the case for him but yeah i mean i think i think you're spot on like the longer
00:57:56.800 the more i learned about even autoimmunity mental illness and stuff like that it was like yeah for
00:58:01.540 some reason it's manifesting differently in different chronic ill chronically ill people
00:58:06.580 but i think it could be basically treated the same way like we didn't have to split up like
00:58:13.120 the hospital I went to as a kid, I was in the rheumatoid arthritis section, even though I had
00:58:17.580 idiopathic arthritis and right next to us was the lupus section. But if I had had a rash before I
00:58:24.080 had arthritis, I would have been in the lupus section. And I was like, why are they, you know,
00:58:28.040 splitting, why are they splitting up all this research into diff slightly different manifestations
00:58:34.120 of autoimmunity when they all have so many similar symptoms too. So I like, I think what
00:58:40.340 you guys are doing it is spot on it's the treatment part that's tricky like once you
00:58:44.580 figure out what's going wrong what do you do and do you suggest sauna and red light and like
00:58:50.820 you know i think from a um from a just what should everybody be doing kind of standpoint
00:58:58.700 um i think the top five things that you really want to be thinking about for mitochondrial health
00:59:04.200 are good nutrition um sunlight exercise your sleeping cycle and i think that going through
00:59:17.560 i don't have an opinion on fasting to a great degree but like specific fasting but i do think
00:59:25.360 making sure you're going through a robust fasting feeding cycle is an important part
00:59:31.220 of allowing your mitochondria to regenerate um i think that you know the nutritional now you asked
00:59:38.840 about devices so i think that most of these biohacking devices are replacements for a
00:59:45.320 particular part of nature that we're missing so morning sunlight is a great source of red light
00:59:50.860 and near infrared light and so you've got red light saunas you got near infrared saunas i think
00:59:56.060 that the point at which you want to start thinking about whether you should use a device is basically
01:00:02.860 do I seem to get more benefit from red light than I could get from the sun without getting burned
01:00:09.160 and you know one angle to that is go out in the morning don't get your sun don't get all of your
01:00:15.380 sun at 12 or 1 p.m get some of it for vitamin d but you know you're more in the morning sun you
01:00:22.580 can go you can be outside for a couple hours and you're not going to get burned in most locations
01:00:26.720 but if you if you feel that your body is benefiting from a higher dose of that then i think by all
01:00:32.960 means uh that's that's something you should try um i think that's that traditional saunas i think
01:00:41.000 are are beneficial um well i i mean the research suggests that they're just generally beneficial
01:00:49.680 for health. I think sweating out toxins is probably part of that. I also think that sauna
01:00:55.980 is an effective way to lower your core body temperature. And a lot of people with genetic
01:00:59.920 mutations have mutations that make the body temperature heat too hot for the enzymes.
01:01:05.940 So I think there's an underappreciated explanation of how sauna is helping people
01:01:13.400 cool their body off for most of the day in a way that combats a lot of negative effects of
01:01:20.420 various genetic mutations. But I think those are all very good. And I do ultimately believe in the
01:01:27.360 power of the individual person to judge empirically whether things are working for them. So I think
01:01:32.960 those are all great things to try to address. And then ultimately, you don't want to be using
01:01:39.820 any of them mindlessly. You want to be saying, okay, I have a strategy. Let me see how that's
01:01:44.280 working for me. Whether you're going to use intuition or you're going to track things and
01:01:48.540 use data, you got to use something to evaluate that for yourself. Okay. That seems wise. What
01:01:54.620 do you think? Okay. This is a random question. I've heard this being thrown around and I'm not
01:01:59.880 sure about peptides. Some of them I found very useful. Have you heard of SS31? Because everyone's
01:02:04.960 been like this is the mitochondrial peptide yeah and like that sounds a little scary but
01:02:10.220 um so the largest study to date found that ss31 was not beneficial and it doubled the risk of
01:02:23.720 all of the side effects including ones that were you know that were uh probably biological in nature
01:02:30.760 people got more headaches, for example. It didn't look catastrophically bad, but it didn't look
01:02:36.660 very good. They did do a subgroup analysis where they said, okay, what if we look for people who
01:02:40.920 have mitochondrial DNA mutations? And it kind of looked like it might be beneficial for certain
01:02:46.900 people, but the evidence-based medicine people would look at that and say, okay, now do a
01:02:52.120 randomized controlled trial on those people. So I'm not against it, but it looks kind of iffy
01:02:57.640 out on there. I would say on first principles, I'm disinclined to be excited until proven
01:03:06.140 otherwise for something that is not inspired by nature. And I think this peptide, it's almost
01:03:13.580 completely conceived in the imagination of a biochemist where they said, let's target an
01:03:19.360 antioxidant to get to the mitochondria and do such and such. A lot of the peptides that seem
01:03:24.980 to be more at least work are things that are inspired from nature where they said okay during
01:03:31.680 like there's several mitochondrial peptides um like mot c and humanin that are produced naturally
01:03:38.600 by by the mitochondria in response to exercise and i've talked to some friends who have seen a
01:03:47.900 lot of people take them and who have said they think those things are primarily beneficial for
01:03:54.680 people who are old and out of shape and who don't feel like they can get a good exercise program in
01:04:01.040 it seems to break a vicious cycle and allow them to kind of get that going but i don't think
01:04:06.520 someone who's in their 20s 30s 40s 50s who has the capability of of getting getting out there
01:04:14.780 and getting at it um should be taking exercise produced peptides instead of doing the exercise
01:04:21.020 that will make their mitochondria make the peptides okay yeah that i mean that makes sense
01:04:25.820 my experience has been it's better not to screw around with i don't know i think from being on
01:04:32.660 so many medications as a kid too and having such catastrophic like damage from ssris was like i
01:04:38.300 don't really trust anything yeah you know organs seem like a good idea it sounds it sounds like
01:04:43.780 food has been a much better friend to you so far you know what really helped me actually um
01:04:49.100 binders yeah once i got sick from mold i was on cholestyramine for a while and i still take that
01:04:55.200 every now and then um and that really made a huge difference but like that and meat
01:05:02.340 well do you know what cholestyramine was originally used for well it's a bile i don't
01:05:07.680 know what it was originally used originally it was a cholesterol lowering drug yeah and it was
01:05:12.520 it was what they used in 1984 for the clinical trial that was considered the proof that cholesterol
01:05:18.740 causes heart disease. And it works by binding up the bile acids and causing their excretion.
01:05:25.080 But you make bile acids from cholesterol. And when you get rid of the bile acids,
01:05:32.440 your liver does not have enough cholesterol. So it takes it in from the blood. It also increases
01:05:37.560 its own synthesis of it. And a difference between taking cholesteramine and statins-
01:05:41.980 It increases its own synthesis of cholesterol?
01:05:44.500 The liver says, I don't have enough cholesterol, so I'll make some and I'll take some in from the
01:05:48.380 blood okay okay okay now what and i am familiar with with shoemakers work i i've i had shoemakers
01:05:56.140 books 20 years ago um i i'd even niche of you i had i had uh i had made my own um mold filter
01:06:06.920 using a 25 inch box fan and a merv 11 filter that i got at home depot when did you take this was
01:06:15.060 This was about 20 years ago, and it was in one of Shoemaker's books.
01:06:19.060 That's cool.
01:06:19.960 That's cool.
01:06:21.060 Before everyone had an air filter.
01:06:23.380 But anyway, okay, so what's interesting about the cholesteramine from another angle is that
01:06:31.500 in the cholesterol synthesis pathway, you make two things that are essential to the mitochondria.
01:06:37.580 One is coenzyme Q10 and the other is heme A, which is a component of the last and final
01:06:45.380 engine in the mitochondria that makes the ATP.
01:06:48.720 And so I think it's, you know, I totally buy the mold story and I absolutely agree that
01:06:54.760 cholesteramine is helping get rid of mycotoxins, but it's also interesting that it could have
01:07:00.440 beneficial effects in the mitochondria that are independent of that.
01:07:04.420 And the mold toxins are mitochondrial toxins.
01:07:06.160 that's definitely good for your mitochondria that's for sure so sorry can you explain again
01:07:10.160 so how does how would creating no cholesterol and lowering cholesterol so you basically recycle it
01:07:16.240 faster does that just help the creation of mitochondria the the pathway to make cholesterol
01:07:22.220 um it starts up here and it's got like 30 or 40 things in it and you got these arrows that go all
01:07:30.980 over the place, making a bunch of stuff, and then cholesterol is right down here. So when people are
01:07:36.380 modifying the drugs, they're not acting down here. They're acting up here, and it's always impacting
01:07:41.360 all the other stuff, right? So as you trace that pathway down, another end product is coenzyme Q10,
01:07:47.620 and another end product is heme A. And those are two components of the mitochondrial engines.
01:07:52.620 So if you drop the amount of cholesterol, the liver says, oh, I need more cholesterol. What
01:07:58.680 am I going to do? Well, one way is to turn up that pathway and you get more of those downstream
01:08:03.080 products. And another thing to do is to, is to take cholesterol out of the blood. So if, if you
01:08:08.500 are what they, in 1984, all they cared about was that it, it reduced the blood cholesterol because
01:08:14.140 the liver would suck it out of the blood. You know, Shoemaker is concerned with the fact that
01:08:19.020 it's taking the bile acids, throwing them out in the feces. And with that comes the toxins carried
01:08:24.560 in the bile. And I am adding an angle here, which is in the process of the liver saying,
01:08:31.160 hey, I don't have enough cholesterol, where am I going to get it? It doesn't just take it out of
01:08:34.520 the blood, it also ramps up that pathway. And so one of the side benefits of that might be
01:08:39.260 improving some of the mitochondrial machinery. That's very interesting.
01:08:44.740 Yeah. I wonder if that makes more sense. So when I started at the full dose,
01:08:50.960 and i was walloped with all the like mold illness symptoms that i had and i couldn't handle the dose
01:08:56.480 of colostyraminostaking so i had to go way down and start slowly and and the mold theory on that
01:09:02.000 is well you're re-exposing yourself to all these toxins um so you can't go that fast
01:09:08.380 but does that theory make more sense could it have been a
01:09:12.580 um in terms of why you wouldn't have initially tolerated the dose of it yeah and like i tried
01:09:18.660 to give because dad was diagnosed with
01:09:20.600 SERS too and every time he goes into a
01:09:22.540 moldy building like he gets hit
01:09:24.640 so but he's so sensitive
01:09:26.820 he's getting hit everywhere but
01:09:28.640 I would so I would think
01:09:30.360 that that
01:09:32.040 in my mind the most likely
01:09:34.520 explanation for why you initially
01:09:36.540 couldn't tolerate a high dose of it
01:09:38.460 but then you were able to work your way up
01:09:40.160 would be that the deficit
01:09:42.400 in cholesterol itself
01:09:44.640 was just
01:09:46.260 uh
01:09:47.760 was just you know flattening out the the cellular function um interesting and and because it's
01:09:55.280 because the acute because you can have many adaptations because there's dozens of things
01:09:59.560 going on but if the first thing you're going to do is to try to replace those bile acids
01:10:04.220 by using up all the the cholesterol the liver has before the liver is able to adapt to that
01:10:10.060 now just the cholesterol level in the liver is tanked that cholesterol is a key component of
01:10:14.960 cellular membranes all over the place, including in the mitochondria. So I could see that as just
01:10:19.640 like you had to, you had to wait until you could ramp up those pathways to be able to handle that
01:10:27.360 deficit of cholesterol. Like it had to be a gradual, a gradual thing. Uh, yeah. Do you think
01:10:33.200 the reason that high performance people can get hit with these weird diseases that are like
01:10:39.880 long COVID or Lyme or it's like chronic illness and they don't know what's going on is that
01:10:45.420 could that possibly be stress-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and so like burnout is that what that
01:10:53.180 is because why are there so many celebrities that have are flattened with like Lyme disease
01:10:58.360 or mold or long COVID or is it because they're talking about them I think at a very high level
01:11:04.380 you have an energy budget and you need to manage that energy budget in a way that is responsible
01:11:14.560 and so i think one of the most interesting things about mitochondrial function
01:11:18.540 is that in general it declines one percent per year with age oh my gosh and so i think
01:11:27.680 that the major driver of aging is that loss of mitochondrial function but now you can say well
01:11:32.880 why is it declining? And I actually think it's its own explanation. And what it is, is
01:11:38.980 the mitochondria produce the energy that is needed to fuel the production of everything in your body,
01:11:45.680 the maintenance of it, the repair of it, and the distribution of it. That includes the production
01:11:51.160 of everything in the mitochondria and the maintenance and repair and distribution of
01:11:55.220 everything in the mitochondria. So the mitochondria need to fuel their own cleanup and their own
01:12:00.180 maintenance. And so if the mitochondria create a given budget, and then you have things that
01:12:07.420 detract from that budget, you will need a period of rest and recovery to recuperate that and get
01:12:14.620 the budget back on balance so you don't wind up bankrupt, right? And so if you're hit by
01:12:20.740 um covid or you're hit by lyme disease or you're hit by um volleyball hand injuries or you're hit
01:12:30.640 by a skateboarding accidents or you're hit by uh traumatic events or whatever it doesn't matter
01:12:37.100 what those are those are taking energy out of that budget and i think the normal thing that
01:12:42.160 happens with age is the mitochondria just didn't get one percent of what they uh they were missing
01:12:48.720 1% of what they needed for their total maintenance that day. And so now maybe their function is down
01:12:55.420 0.01% as a result of that. And maybe if we knew everything, or if we had the willpower to do it,
01:13:02.440 to rest and recover properly from everything, we could prevent that from going into a vicious
01:13:08.740 cycle. But what happens is with aging, with all those insults, that becomes a natural,
01:13:13.560 self-fulfilling vicious cycle. And so if you are a person that cannot let go when you need the rest,
01:13:23.640 I do think that that works against you from that perspective because those insults are much more
01:13:31.540 likely to lead to a deficit that never gets made back up in the mitochondria's ability to repair
01:13:39.380 itself. And that can push you much earlier into a vicious cycle than you would otherwise be pushed
01:13:48.300 into. Okay. I mean, that makes sense. Well, I think that covered most things. I'll definitely
01:13:58.760 be ordering your test. It's mitome.com, right? Yeah. mito.me. Mito.me. Yeah. Okay. And I'll link
01:14:05.440 that below for everybody watching but fascinating absolutely fascinating so thank you very much for
01:14:13.360 coming on thank you and uh where can people find you online if they want to learn more uh chris
01:14:17.800 masterjohn dot uh chris masterjohnphd.substack.com is my newsletter mito.me is the mitochondrial
01:14:23.500 testing um and then you can find me on pretty much any platform cool well thank you again for
01:14:29.420 coming on the podcast thank you so so much for having me
01:14:35.440 the
01:14:45.180 the
01:14:47.460 the
01:14:56.820 the
01:15:02.960 the