00:06:12.320They had started unemployment insurance that was unequal between provinces.
00:06:17.940And then the 82 Constitution just solidified all that and then put it into hyperspeed.
00:06:22.880And one of the things they did by way of example is that they basically started implementing bilingualism requirements across the board.
00:06:33.260Anything to do with the federal government had to be bilingual.
00:06:36.080So that meant the bureaucracy had to be bilingual, the judiciary had to be bilingual.
00:06:42.180So that created a lot of jobs for French Quebec.
00:06:47.500But was it more expensive? What's the economic impact to Canada of that?
00:06:51.620Well, when you throw out meritocracy and bring in other requirements, it is invariably expensive.
00:07:02.140And actually, there's a chart that we'll put on the website that shows that the productivity of the Canadian bureaucracy has been dropping in the last 10, 15 years.
00:07:14.440Well, they had to go back to the office, I guess.
00:07:16.480But one story that to me is the example of it was in actually 1995, during the referendum, the second referendum, it looked like, and this story is a story about how the federal bureaucracy had been given away to French Canada.
00:07:39.360them. And so what happened is in 1995, the referendum was not going well, and it looked
00:11:33.780Yeah, in 2015, I'm going to hit this pretty hard probably.
00:11:35.780Okay. I'll try not to go down with you.
00:11:39.780So in the early 90s, that's when we hit NAFTA. And NAFTA was in retrospect,
00:11:45.780retrospect an error. They can only consider it to be an error. And what we did was we surrendered
00:11:52.120our economy into a much larger economy and had no political strength to protect ourselves. We had
00:12:00.220no political input. Kind of like Alberta and the rest of the country? It feels sometimes like that
00:12:07.840here. Yeah, it does feel like that, but this is worse because what turned out, it was worse in
00:12:15.120context that the United States is a very much self-contained nation state and they take care
00:12:20.640of themselves. And if it doesn't work out for them, they're going to change the rules.
00:12:25.760And so the NAFTA was a collective error. The entire country made a mistake.
00:12:34.400But then after softwood lumber disputes, when it became clear that the United States was not
00:12:39.520going to be constrained by any agreements or any laws. And then Keystone Pipeline, where they
00:12:47.120canceled it completely against our agreements. The political elite should have said, this is a
00:12:52.640problem. The United States is not going to pay attention to the agreements. I kind of think
00:12:56.880Ottawa has been, at least they've paid attention to the agreements, but they've been pretty heavy
00:13:02.400handed over the years too. So what happened then was that Ontario, the economy became a mess because
00:13:12.800under NAFTA, it had to restructure. So we talked about that toothpaste that used to come from
00:13:16.880Southern Alberta or Southern Ontario, that now just came up from the States and the plant in Ontario,
00:13:23.200it shut down. The tomatoes, the toothpaste, Kellogg's cornflakes, the list goes on and on
00:13:31.120on about the things that Ontario had to restructure. It was a huge difficulty.
00:13:36.160And what happened was their economy went down. Quebec had already gone down. And so they couldn't
00:13:42.320afford to do the big brother relationship anymore. So they couldn't afford to pay for Canada.
00:13:48.720On the flip side, resources had become more powerful because of the oil embargo.
00:13:54.960Alberta all of a sudden had this money. And Ontario said, well, we can't afford to pay
00:13:59.840for confederation anymore guess what alberta you get to and so then all those transfers really
00:14:06.240wrapped up in the 80s and 90s and they could do it because of the 82 constitution okay take us
00:14:11.840back to 2000 i won't rush us between 2000 and between between those years that was basically
00:14:18.000the chretien martin years and harper and um chretien martin actually run a surplus and because
00:14:25.280that was because of what happened in 1995 and i gotta go back to that in those years they ran a
00:14:31.360surplus uh it was they were pretty fair to the country uh and uh and and jean christian was
00:14:37.920was very fair you see it now that you know they're the ones that come out and and try to keep the
00:14:43.600country together and try to try to get our economy back on the on the straight and narrow again so
00:14:48.960i remember a time when canada's budget was balanced the economist even said we were cool
00:14:53.840Cool. The Economist? The Economist. The magazine? Yes, the magazine. Yeah. Well, they have, you know, cool. That's a matter of opinion.
00:15:02.260Picture of a moose with some answers. Sure. Sure. At least it wasn't Trudeau. Okay. So. That didn't happen until later. I know. Okay. But 1995. So what happened in 95 to lead to 2015? What's the connection there? Because.
00:15:15.380So what happened in 95 was we hit the financial wall.
00:15:18.860So what they did, what Christian and Martin did was they cut back the bureaucracy, they reduced spending, but mostly they downloaded the expenses onto the provinces.
00:15:33.080And so the way to look at it is, you know, the financial debt capacity covered was bare for the federal government, but there is capacity in the provinces and there is capacity in the cities and the individuals.
00:15:48.340And capacity to do what? Capacity to tax?
00:15:51.460No, to take on financial responsibilities.
00:15:59.980Yeah. And so the federal government was maxed out. Their cupboard was bare. And so what they did was they downloaded a lot of expenses onto the provinces and did all the, they changed the transfers and whatnot. And then what happened was the provinces, and this is where it affects you and I and everybody out there. The provinces very quickly downloaded it onto the cities. And so that was all that happened in 95, 96. And then 97, the provinces
00:16:29.700allow the cities to put development charges onto housing.
00:16:35.240And you know about this because you were developing hotels.
00:20:44.480And just to finish off the story about the housing is that what happened was that in that period of where we had zero interest rates or effectively zero interest rates, instead, the people who are selling the homes, they said, well, don't focus on the cost of the home, focus on how much your monthly carry is.
00:21:04.420And so the market got kind of duped into disregarding the fact that all these taxes had been added.
00:21:10.780And just to end the housing issue, and this affects all of us, the housing cost, and it
00:21:18.600was driven up, I think, substantially by government, the nanny state of the government.
00:21:25.800One thing, if the government actually wanted to solve the housing crisis, outlaw all these
00:21:32.420In fact, if we get a chance to write the constitution, get rid of all these fees, you'd be amazed
00:21:38.940how much the housing costs come down and so that's it we could shrink a couple of bureaucracies by
00:21:44.540the sounds of things well that's another part that we need okay so i just want to get this
00:21:48.620clear in my head what you're saying is that particular housing i'm going to call it a housing
00:21:52.460scam uh started in 2015. uh no that started in 97 but it got really um it really got ramped up in
00:22:02.780sort of 20 uh 2015 that's when it really got wrapped up that's when we we were led to have
00:22:09.820this nanny state culture throughout throughout the you know the entire governance and that's
00:22:15.340that's when the bureaucracy started galloping ahead and that's when the uh bureaucracy started
00:22:21.740to grow yeah yeah the bureaucracy had been cut back in 97 it's it sort of shallowed out for a
00:22:28.300a while. And in 2015, it started to rise. And so you mentioned the productivity of our bureaucracy
00:22:34.140is currently falling. What are some of the other fallouts from the 2015 shift into total
00:22:44.380nanny state? Well, people refer to the period of 2015 to 2025 as the 10 lost years. And what that
00:22:53.500was, was politically the Trudeau government focused our attention on social issues. So,
00:23:01.760and there was a complication that the Trudeau government had to address. And that was that
00:23:11.240under, and this goes back to the Harper years. In the Harper years, he allowed the Western economy
00:23:17.140to gallop ahead. And what it did was it pushed up the Canadian dollar. You know, we actually became
00:23:22.940a petrodollar for a while. And so our dollar went up to $1.10, it was great. But what happened was
00:23:29.820that caused unemployment in the East, because their productivity had gone down. And so when
00:23:37.180the Canadian dollar went up, their employment got worse. So their employment numbers. So what
00:23:42.780happened is everybody got mad in the East, the electorate that counted, everybody got mad at
00:23:48.140Harper and said, we got to get rid of this guy. And they brought in Trudeau. Trudeau said, well,
00:23:52.860I'm not going to make that mistake again. And I actually call it the teeter totter relationship
00:23:58.220of our Canadian economy. When the West does well, because of the Canadian dollar,
00:24:04.140West does well, the dollar goes up, the economy in Eastern Canada goes down. And then when the West
00:24:12.220does poorly, the resources do poorly, the Canadian dollar goes down, and the economy in the East
00:24:17.020goes up. What Trudeau did was he engaged a lot of people with social issues and he engaged them
00:24:26.860to help restrain the Western economy. And this is where the Kleenex really comes in.
00:24:32.540And so he engaged the environmentalists and said that we have to stop oil production. And he also
00:24:39.820had an advance of Indigenous rights that were mandated by the court, but the way that the
00:24:45.500federal government dealt with them was it really put a clamp on forestry industry and the oil and
00:24:51.660gas industry because of negotiations had to go through. And instead of guiding those negotiations,
00:24:57.420which a government that was worried about the economy and worried about the economy in Western0.56
00:25:01.420Canada would have done, what they did was they just said, they gave the Indigenous the right
00:25:06.860to say no on anything. And what's interesting is that in the coal mine, the metallurgical coal mine0.96
00:25:16.220that was proposed in the Crowsnest Pass area, the Pekingese said that they wanted the coal mine
00:25:23.660because they wanted the employment. The federal government's perspective and their regulations are
00:25:30.860the Indigenous don't have the right to say yes, they only have the right to say no.
00:25:34.860And so what Trudeau did in these lost years was he engaged the bureaucracy, the environmentalists,0.93
00:25:41.820and the Indigenous to all band together to try to stop the Western economy from galloping ahead.0.57
00:25:47.820And that was all to promote a lower Canadian dollar and to promote employment in the East so
00:25:54.700that he continued to get elected. It's funny that you're talking about this. I actually wrote a
00:25:58.380paper in university about Dutch oil disease, which is exactly what you're talking about.
00:26:02.300And I just wanted to add that the reason that the Canadian dollar being high is a problem is because that increases the cost of our exports.
00:26:12.100So then our exports become more expensive and people buy from elsewhere, which crashes the economy in places where they're manufacturing goods.
00:26:20.800So there's that natural tension in Canada, for sure.
00:26:24.620Well, Italy did this for years before they entered the euro.
00:26:27.980They used the lira, and they just allowed the lira to depreciate, depreciate, depreciate.
00:26:34.020I mean, it was also me, 10,000 euros was $5 or something.
00:26:38.920And they did that because they didn't address productivity.
00:26:43.280Frankly, I view it as lazy that instead of actually supporting productivity
00:26:48.140and having the high currency, buy German technology to improve robotics and all that stuff.
00:26:55.220Instead of doing that, they took the easy way out and said, look, we just strangle Western Canada.
00:27:00.700Then that'll be fine. We'll keep employment strong.
00:27:03.200It was lazy. And that's why we had 10 years of lost economics.
00:27:08.780Well, yeah, that's why it might be why our GDP, our productivity is so low right now.