00:03:26.240So what a citizens assembly does, and I think what's so powerful about a more participatory approach,
00:03:31.520is it says, first of all, people have a lot more to contribute than just their vote.
00:03:36.080and turns out people are much more giving of their time than we might assume reasonably people get
00:03:43.260turned off from politics but if you ask people to help if you ask them to do something real with
00:03:49.420their time if you ask them to use the stuff between their ears and really think hard about
00:03:55.060some of these issues i've seen time and again canadians will put their hands up in the air
00:04:00.580And they get to do something that most politicians will never have the opportunity to do.
00:04:05.920And that's to actually spend 40 uninterrupted hours focused on just one topic.
00:04:12.100These are Peter's comments on the concept of a citizen's assembly and where it came from.
00:04:16.560True to form as Canadians, we don't always know our own stories.
00:04:21.800And so the story I want to tell you is one that actually began a little more than 20 years ago now in British Columbia,
00:04:28.160which for a variety of reasons had the world's first what would come to be known as a citizens
00:04:35.360assembly so it took two of canada's great traditions a royal commission you know when
00:04:41.440something's really difficult we think all right let's get some very clever people maybe
00:04:45.860former judges and university presidents and journalists and whomever the great and the good
00:04:51.480we're going to impanel them we're going to give them the opportunity to study an issue and in bc
00:04:57.740which randy just rightly i think observed quite individualistic in its outlook a bit populist
00:05:03.140thought to itself instead of getting the great and the good what if we were to replace them with a
00:05:08.220randomly selected group of british columbia residents and so that connects to the second
00:05:14.160great tradition part of our common law inheritance of having a jury so you bring together a jury of
00:05:21.540people and the policy focus of royal commission you get something called a citizens assembly
00:05:26.840And in Canada, we've had about 50 of them, beginning in BC and then Ontario.
00:05:32.620But here's the bit that maybe connects to the idea of an industry.
00:05:36.440There have been a thousand citizens' assemblies inspired by what took place here around the world over the course of the past 20 years.
00:05:44.680And every year, we see more assemblies taking place, dealing with intractable issues that, for a variety of reasons, elected politicians really struggle to address.
00:05:56.840But would it work for our constitution?
00:05:59.620What I never expected to see was a way in which other jurisdictions like Ireland would
00:06:37.620We are also the preeminent principle-based society in the world.
00:06:41.680Randy, you discussed this in episode 9,
00:06:44.160describing it as the primary difference between Canada and the United States.
00:06:47.840The Americans went to a constitution and they said,
00:06:50.440here's the rules, here's how we must act. And Canada, through the British, said,
00:06:56.460well, here's our principles. Conduct yourself according to those principles.
00:07:00.640I see. It seems like principles are, you know, a deeper way of understanding the world than
00:07:06.040rules because there's sort of like a why inside of a principle versus just a you may do this,
00:07:10.620you may not do that. Seems to me that way. But how did that end up playing out?
00:07:14.960They asked the question, do you view your fellow citizens as moral or amoral, good or bad?
00:07:24.100And 53% of Americans said that they view their fellow citizens as fundamentally morally bad.
00:07:33.900Canada, same question was asked. And in Canada, 92%, 92% of Canadians felt that their fellow citizens were fundamentally good. 7% said that they were bad.
00:07:48.780So to me, that is the difference between a rules-based approach versus a rule-based society with strict enforcement, strict laws and all that stuff, versus a principled base.
00:08:04.140You just trust people more because you know they're acting on the same set of principles that you are.
00:08:10.420Of the 25 countries in that survey, U.S. was the worst and Canada was the best.
00:08:15.660But to do this, we need a grand vision that everyone can rally around.