00:02:23.400Everyone was thinking that this thing was going to be a DEI train wreck with radical leftism for all sorts of other reasons, even though Christopher Nolan is kind of conservative and made The Dark Knight, which is a conservative movie.
00:02:35.640And so I knew going in the movie was going to be quite good.
00:02:41.380I knew it was going to be quite good because Christopher Nolan is probably the greatest director of his generation.
00:11:28.040But there is a big change that Nolan makes here, which is that Nolan insists that Odysseus hears the song of the sirens, the song that leads the sailors to their death.
00:11:40.440And not only does he hear it, as in the poem, but he then tells us what the sirens are singing.
00:11:46.360We'll get to that momentarily because it tells you about this character of Ulysses.
00:11:49.580I mentioned earlier that Nolan is reading Odysseus through Virgil and through Dante,
00:11:55.520as well as through this feminist translator, Emily Wilson.
00:11:58.180Part of that is even adding parts to the story.
00:12:00.960In the poem, Odysseus comes back to Troy, kills all the suitors, and reclaims his kingdom, and it's all good.
00:12:08.660In Dante, for instance, Dante puts Ulysses, Odysseus down with the counselors of fraud
00:12:15.000because he comes back to Ithaca, he reclaims his kingdom, but he doesn't want to be at home.
00:12:20.120He wants to go to sea. He's the symbol of curiosity, of transgressing the proper limits
00:12:24.940of human knowledge. He's always a symbol of cleverness, of trickery, of deception. He makes
00:12:30.840this brilliant speech, you know, in the Iliad, which is, he's really considered the symbol of
00:12:36.200crafty, effective rhetoric. So Nolan goes with Dante. Nolan says, no, he does want to go on,
00:12:43.180but he kind of weakens him a little in that in Dante's version, Odysseus, same person,
00:12:49.880leaves home again to just go adventuring and discovering, experiencing more parts of the
00:12:55.240world. He's got like millennial-itis or something. But in Nolan's telling, spoiler, he takes his wife
00:13:01.180with him and imposes an exile on himself. And this gets us down now to the real core of the
00:13:06.480movie. And here you're going to start getting some spoilers. At the heart of the movie is
00:13:12.640Ulysses' sin, Odysseus' sin of violating the law of Zeus. This is totally contrary to the poem.
00:13:24.380Almost totally. Odysseus does in the poem violate the law of Zeus and irritate the gods sometimes,
00:13:29.000but it's not the central point, and it has nothing to do with what Odysseus did in the Trojan War.
00:13:34.580But in Nolan's telling, the law of Zeus, the key law of Zeus, is to be hospitable to people,
00:13:42.940to be civil with people, not to violate their trust, to welcome the stranger. You're seeing a
00:13:49.820lot of modern political themes, respect for institutions, standards and norms, all the rest
00:13:57.220of that. And in the poem, the law of Zeus really is being hospitable to people, and the gods do
00:14:02.980get angry when that law is violated. But crucially, in the movie, Nolan states that Odysseus feels
00:14:11.660this immense guilt the whole time because of the trick, because he comes up with the idea for the
00:14:15.560Trojan horse, and it breaks the standard and norm of a way to make peace between peoples, and it
00:14:22.040destroys civilization. It ends the Bronze Age. He has just torn down everything, irreparably0.85
00:14:28.820destroyed the standards and norms of politics. And that itself is a violation of the law of Zeus.
00:14:33.920That is nowhere found in the poem. In the poem and in the usual tradition,
00:14:39.640the Trojan horse is just a clever trick of war. And in fact, the initial violation of the law of
00:14:45.840Zeus, was when Paris, the Trojan, is staying with Menelaus, the Greek, and then abducts his wife,
00:14:52.480Helen. That's the violation that justifies the Trojan War. So then the Greeks are the good guys
00:14:57.740and the Trojans are the bad guys. Here, you have this Odysseus who is totally wracked with guilt
00:15:05.460because he violated the law of standards and norms and civility in welcoming the strangers.
00:15:11.760It seems to me, this is shots at Trump.